Dumbo

Thursday, 27 December 2012

Dumbo 1941 - Walt Disney Dibujos - Película Completa en Español

Walt Disney Films - Dumbo (1941) - HD Trailer

Dumbo Soundtrack Suite (Frank Churchill & Oliver Wallace)

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Disneyland Paris
Disneyland Paris is a holiday and recreation resort in Marne-la-Vallée, a new town in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. The complex is located 32 km (20 mi) from the centre of Paris and lies for the most part within the commune of Chessy, Seine-et-Marne.
Disneyland Paris is composed of two theme parks, a retail, dining and entertainment district, and seven Disney-owned hotels. Operating since 12 April 1992, it was the second Disney resort to open outside the United States (following Tokyo Disney Resort) and the first to be owned and operated by Disney.
Disneyland Paris is operated by French company Euro Disney S.C.A., a public company of which 39.78 percent of its stock is held by The Walt Disney Company, 10 percent by the Saudi Prince Alwaleed and 50.22 percent by other shareholders. The senior leader at the resort is chairman and CEO Philippe Gas.
The complex was a subject of controversy during the periods of negotiation and construction in the late 1980s and early '90s, when a number of prominent French figures voiced their opposition and protests were held by French labour unions and others. A further setback followed the opening of the resort as park attendance, hotel occupancy and revenues fell below projections. The complex was renamed from Euro Disney Resort to Disneyland Paris in 1994. In July 1995, the company saw its first quarterly profit.

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Hong Kong Disneyland
Hong Kong Disneyland (Chinese: 香港迪士尼樂園) is located on reclaimed land in Penny's Bay, Lantau Island. It is the first theme park located inside the Hong Kong Disneyland Resort and is owned and managed by the Hong Kong International Theme Parks. The park opened to visitors on 12 September 2005. Disney attempted to avoid problems of cultural backlash by attempting to incorporate Chinese culture, customs, and traditions when designing and building the resort, including adherence to the rules of Feng Shui. For instance, a bend was put in a walkway near the Hong Kong Disneyland Resort entrance so good "qi" (chi) energy wouldn't flow into the South China Sea.
The park consists of five themed areas: Main Street, U.S.A., Fantasyland, Adventureland, Tomorrowland and Toy Story Land. The theme park's cast members speak in Cantonese, English, and Mandarin. Guide maps are printed in traditional and simplified Chinese as well as English, French, and Japanese.
The park has a daily capacity of 34,000 visitors — the least of all Disneyland parks. It has so far fallen short of its targeted visitorship figures. The park attracted 5.2 million visitors in its first year, below its target of 5.6 million. Visitor numbers fell 20% in the second year to 4 million, inciting criticisms from local legislators. However, the park attendance slightly increased by 8% in the third year, attracting a total of 4.5 million visitors in 2007. In 2009, the park attendance again increased by 2% to 4.8 million visitors. The attendance continued to surge and received 5.23 million guests in the 2009/2010 fiscal year. Since the opening of Hong Kong Disneyland, the theme park has hosted over 25 million guests. According to AECOM and TEA, Hong Kong Disneyland is the 15th most visited theme park in the world in 2010, with 5.2 million visitors.

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Magic Kingdom
Magic Kingdom is one of four theme parks at the Walt Disney World Resort located near Orlando, Florida. The first park built at the resort, Magic Kingdom opened Oct. 1, 1971. Designed and built by WED Enterprises, the park's layout and attractions are similar to Disneyland Park in Anaheim, California. In 2011, the park hosted approximately 17 million visitors, making it the most visited theme park in the world.
Although Walt Disney himself had been highly involved in planning The Florida Project, The Walt Disney Company began construction on Magic Kingdom and the entire resort in 1967 after his death. The park was built similarly to the existing Disneyland in California but was built in a larger area and improved upon the design of Disneyland in several ways.
There are several anecdotes relating to reasons for some of the features of Walt Disney World, and Magic Kingdom specifically. According to one story, Walt Disney once saw a Frontierland cowboy walking through Tomorrowland at Disneyland. He disliked that the cowboy intruded on the futuristic setting of Tomorrowland and wanted to avoid situations like this in the new park. Therefore, Magic Kingdom was built over a series of tunnels called utilidors, a portmanteau of utility and corridor. These tunnels allow employees (aka cast members) to move through the park out of sight from guests, maintaining the show's cast.

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Pixar
Pixar Animation Studios /ˈpɪksɑr/ is an American computer animation film studio based in Emeryville, California. The studio has earned twenty-six Academy Awards, seven Golden Globes, and three Grammy Awards, among many other awards and acknowledgments. It is best known for its CGI-animated feature films created with PhotoRealistic RenderMan, its own implementation of the industry-standard RenderMan image-rendering application programming interface used to generate high-quality images. Pixar began in 1979 as the Graphics Group, part of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm before it was acquired by Apple Computer co-founder Steve Jobs in 1986. The Walt Disney Company bought Pixar in 2006 at a valuation of $7.4 billion; the transaction made Jobs the largest shareholder in Disney.
Pixar has produced twelve feature films, beginning with Toy Story in 1995. It was followed by A Bug's Life in 1998, Toy Story 2 in 1999, Monsters, Inc. in 2001, Finding Nemo in 2003, The Incredibles in 2004, Cars in 2006, Ratatouille in 2007, WALL-E in 2008, Up in 2009, Toy Story 3 (to date, the highest-grossing animated film of all-time, grossing over $1 billion worldwide) in 2010, and Cars 2 in 2011. Eleven of the films have received critical and financial success, with the notable exception being Cars 2, which received substantially less praise than Pixar's previous films. As of February 2012, its films have made over $7 billion worldwide, with its $602 million average gross by far the highest of any studio in the industry. In addition, all of the films produced by Pixar are among the top 50 highest-grossing animated films of all time, with Finding Nemo (#27), Up (#44), and Toy Story 3 (#8) all in the top 50 highest-grossing films of all time.

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Tokyo Disneyland
Tokyo Disneyland (東京ディズニーランド, Tōkyō Dizunīrando^?) is a 115-acre (46.5 ha) theme park at the Tokyo Disney Resort located in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan, near Tokyo. Its main gate is directly adjacent to both Maihama Station and Tokyo Disneyland Station. It was the first Disney park to be built outside of the United States and opened on April 15, 1983. The park was constructed by Walt Disney Imagineering in the same style as Disneyland in California and Magic Kingdom in Florida. It is owned by The Oriental Land Company, which licenses the theme from The Walt Disney Company. Tokyo Disneyland and its companion park, Tokyo DisneySea, are the only Disney parks not owned by The Walt Disney Company.
There are seven themed areas in the park: the World Bazaar; the four classic Disney lands: Adventureland, Westernland, Fantasyland and Tomorrowland; and two mini-lands: Critter Country and Mickey's Toontown. The park is noted for its extensive open spaces, to accommodate the large crowds that visit the park. In 2009, Tokyo Disneyland hosted approximately 13.65 million guests, ranking it as the third-most visited theme park in the world, behind its American sister parks, Magic Kingdom in Orlando and Disneyland Park in Anaheim. In 2010, the park hosted 14.4 million visitors, again ranking it as the world's third most visited theme park.

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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.

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Walt Disney World
Coordinates: 28°25′7″N 81°34′52″W / 28.41861°N 81.58111°W / 28.41861; -81.58111
The Walt Disney World Resort (also known informally as Disney World) is the world's most-visited entertainment resort. Located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, approximately 21 miles (34 km) southwest of Orlando, Florida, United States, the resort covers an area of 30,080 acres (12,173 ha; 47 sq mi) and includes four theme parks, two water parks, 23 on-site themed resort hotels (excluding eight more that are on-site, but not owned by the Walt Disney Company), including a campground, two spas and physical fitness centers, five golf courses, and other recreational venues and entertainment.
The resort was originally developed by Walt Disney in the 1960s to supplement Disneyland in California. In addition to hotels and a theme park similar to Disneyland, Walt's original plans for the resort also included an "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow", a planned city that would serve as a test bed for new innovations for city living. After extensive lobbying, the Government of Florida created the Reedy Creek Improvement District, a special government district that essentially gave the Disney Company the standard powers and autonomy of an incorporated city. Walt died in 1966 before his original plans were fully realized.

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Wing
A wing is an appendage with a surface that produces lift for flight or propulsion through the atmosphere, or through another gaseous or liquid fluid. A wing is an airfoil, which has a streamlined cross-sectional shape producing a useful lift to drag ratio.
The word "wing" from the Old Norse vængr for many centuries referred mainly to the foremost limbs of birds (in addition to the architectural aisle.) But in recent centuries the word's meaning has extended to include lift producing appendages of insects, bats, pterosaurs, boomerangs, some sail boats and aircraft.
"Wing" can also mean an inverted airfoil on a race car that generates a downward force to increase traction.
Various species of penguins and other flighted or flightless water birds such as auks, cormorants, guillemots, shearwaters, eider and scoter ducks and diving petrels are avid swimmers, and use their wings to propel through water.
A wing's aerodynamic quality is expressed as its lift-to-drag ratio. The lift a wing generates at a given speed and angle of attack can be one to two orders of magnitude greater than the total drag on the wing. A high lift-to-drag ratio requires a significantly smaller thrust to propel the wings through the air at sufficient lift.

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Ben Sharpsteen
Ben Sharpsteen (November 4, 1895 – December 20, 1980) was an American film director and producer for Disney. He directed 31 films between 1920 and 1980.
Sharpsteen created a museum documenting the history of California's first millionaire Sam Brannan, the history of the Upper Napa Valley as well as more on Sharpsteen's life and work at the Sharpsteen Museum located in Calistoga, California.
He died in Sonoma County, California.

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Betty Noyes
Elizabeth "Betty" Noyes Hand (October 11, 1912 - December 24, 1987) was a singer and actress best known for dubbing the singing voice of Debbie Reynolds in the film Singin' in the Rain. Today, this is a well known example of dubbing in a movie musical due to the irony of the fact that Debbie Reynolds' character in Singin' in the Rain was supposedly dubbing for another character. She is also known for singing the song Baby Mine in the 1941 film Dumbo, which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song. However she was not given screen credit for this performance (no voice actors were for Dumbo). She Began her career in 1938 in "The Debutantes," a trio of three young women in the Ted Fio-Rito big band. They made the original recording of "My Little Grass Shack in Kealakekua." In 1947, she was in the quartet, "The Girlfriends," a regular feature on several NBC radio programs, including "The Bill Goodwin Show," "The Carnation Hour," and with Bing Crosby. Norma Zimmer, Lawrence Welk's "Champagne Lady," was also in the group. Betty Noyes and members of the quartet became "First Call" studio singers and can be heard on most movie musicals for two decades, including "The Wizard of Oz," "White Christmas," and "The Sound of Music." She also appeared on-camera in several movies and TV shows, including regular appearances on the Dinah Shore Show and an episode of "I Love Lucy" titled "Lucy Goes to Scotland." She appeared as a mother who sings a brief solo in the 1965 TV movie of Rodgers and Hammerstein's Cinderella along with fellow dubber Bill Lee. On-screen movie credits include "I Married an Angel" (1942), the Don Knotts comedy "The Love God?" (1969), and Abbott and Costeloe's "Jack in the Beanstalk." Other singing credits include recordings with Ken Darby and Jack Halloren, and singing and voice work for the "Ice Follies."

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Bill Tytla
Vladimir Peter "Bill" Tytla (October 25, 1904 – December 30, 1968) was one of the original Disney animators and is considered by many to be the best character animator to work during The Golden Age of Hollywood animation. Tytla is particularly noted for the animation of Grumpy in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Stromboli in Pinocchio, Chernabog in the Night on Bald Mountain sequence from Fantasia and the title character in Dumbo.
Vladimir Peter Tytla was born on October 25, 1904 in Yonkers, New York. His Ukrainian immigrant parents reportedly recognized talent in their son and encouraged it. In 1914, when Tytla was 9, he visited Manhattan to attend Gertie the Dinosaur, an animated vaudeville act by Winsor McCay. He never forgot it, and some say it changed his life forever.
Tytla attended the New York Evening School of Industrial Design while still in high school. But eventually high school lost out to his interest in art and he quit. In 1920, at age 16, Tytla was working for the Paramount animation studio in New York. His assignment was providing lettering for title cards. He was nicknamed "Tytla the Titler."

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Cliff Edwards
Cliff Edwards (June 14, 1895 – July 17, 1971), also known as "Ukelele Ike", was an American singer and voice actor who enjoyed considerable popularity in the 1920s and early 1930s, specializing in jazzy renditions of pop standards and novelty tunes. He had a number-one hit with "Singin' in the Rain" in 1929. He also did voices for animated cartoons later in his career, and is best known as the voice of Jiminy Cricket in Walt Disney's Pinocchio (1940).
Edwards was born Clifton A. Edwards in Hannibal, Missouri. He left school at age 14 and soon moved to St. Louis, Missouri, where he entertained as a singer in saloons. As many places had pianos in bad shape or none at all, Edwards taught himself to play ukulele (then often spelled "ukelele") to serve as his own accompanist (selecting that instrument as it was the cheapest in the music store). He got the nickname "Ukelele Ike" from a club owner who could not remember his name. He got his first break in 1918 at the Arsonia Cafe in Chicago, Illinois, where he performed a tune called "Ja-Da", written by the club's pianist, Bob Carleton. Edwards and Carleton made the tune a hit on the vaudeville circuit. Vaudeville headliner Joe Frisco hired Edwards as part of his act, which was featured at the Palace in New York City, the most prestigious theater in vaudeville, and then in the Ziegfeld Follies.

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Dick Huemer
Dick Huemer (January 2, 1898 New York, New York — November 30, 1979 Burbank, California) was an animator in the Golden Age of Animation.
While as an artist-illustrator living in The Bronx, New York, he first began his career in animation at the Raoul Barré cartoon studio in 1916, he joined the Fleischer Studio in 1923 where he developed the Koko clown character. Later he moved to Hollywood as an animator and director for the Charles Mintz studio, and then to the Disney Studio, where he remained for the duration of his career, except for a 3-year hiatus from 1948-51 when he pioneered animated TV commercials and created the "Buck O'Rue" comic strip. Some of his most creative work was done in partnership with Joe Grant; examples include Fantasia (story director), Dumbo (screenplay), and several propaganda films to advance the U.S. war effort during World War II. Atypically, Dick and Joe submitted Dumbo to Walt not as a completed storyboard, but as a series of narrative chapters, each ending in a cliff-hanger; this was intended to pique Walt's enthusiasm for the project, and it worked. Dick was at the Disney organization from April 16, 1933 to February 28, 1973.

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Edward Brophy
Edward S. Brophy (February 27, 1895 – May 27, 1960) was an American character actor, voice artist, and comedian. Small of build, balding, and raucous-voiced, he was known for portraying gangsters, both serious and comic.
In 1928, with only a few minor film roles to his credit, Brophy was working as a junior production executive for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer when he was chosen to appear with Buster Keaton in one sequence of Keaton's film The Cameraman. As two clients in a bath-house, Brophy and Keaton attempt to undress and put on bathing suits while sharing a single tiny changing room. Each time Keaton attempts to hang his clothes on one hook, Brophy removes the clothes and hands them back to Keaton and gestures to the other hook. He manhandles the smaller, more slender Keaton, at one point picking him up by the feet and dumping him out of his trousers. Appearing only in this one brief scene, Brophy attracted enough attention to receive more and better roles. Most of his long and prolific career was spent at MGM.

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Frank Churchill
Frank Churchill (October 20, 1901 – May 14, 1942) was an American composer of popular music for films. He wrote most of the music for Disney's 1937 movie Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, including "Whistle While You Work" and "Some Day My Prince Will Come". The latter became a jazz standard covered by various jazz greats including Oscar Peterson, Miles Davis and Dave Brubeck.
Churchill began his career playing piano in cinemas at the age of 15. After dropping out of medical studies at UCLA to pursue a career in music, he became an accompanist at the Los Angeles radio station KNX (AM) in 1924.
He joined Disney studios in 1930, and scored many animated shorts - his song for The Three Little Pigs, "Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf", was a huge commercial success.
In 1937, he was chosen to score Disney's first full-length animated feature, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. His catchy, artfully written songs played a large part in the film's initial success and continuing popularity.
He became supervisor of music at Disney. In 1942, Churchill and fellow composer Oliver Wallace won an Oscar in the category "Scoring of a Musical Picture" for cowriting the score for Dumbo. He also shared an Oscar nomination with Ned Washington for the song "Baby Mine" from Dumbo for Best Song. A year later, Churchill received two posthumous Oscar nominations; the first for cowriting the score to Bambi with Edward Plumb, and the second for cowriting the song "Love is a Song" from Bambi with lyricist Larry Morey (1905–1971).

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Hall Johnson
Hall Johnson (March 12, 1888 – April 30, 1970) was one of a number of American composers and arrangers—including Harry T. Burleigh, R. Nathaniel Dett, and Eva Jessye—who elevated the African-American spiritual to an art form, comparable in its musical sophistication to the compositions of European Classical composers.
Francis Hall Johnson was born in Athens, Georgia, the son of William Decker Johnson, an A.M.E. minister who also served a term as President of the church-affiliated Allen University in Columbia, South Carolina. Johnson received an extensive education which included a time at the Juilliard School. As a boy, he taught himself to play the violin after hearing a violin recital given by Joseph Henry Douglass, grandson of Frederick Douglass. He went on to play the violin and viola professionally, including in the orchestra for the 1921 musical, Shuffle Along.
In time, however, he became more interested in choral music, forming the Hall Johnson Negro Choir, the first of many choral ensembles, in 1925. Hall Johnson and his choir became renowned through their participation in the 1930 Broadway production of Marc Connelly's The Green Pastures as well as in national and international tours of the play, radio versions, the 1936 film adaptation, and Hallmark Hall of Fame television broadcasts.

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Herbert Sorrell
Herbert Knott Sorrell, known as Herb Sorrell, was a Hollywood union organizer and leader. He headed the Conference of Studio Unions (CSU) in the late 1940s, and was the business manager of the Motion Picture Painters union, Local 644 until the 1950s.
When he was 12 he got a job in a sewer pipe factory in Oakland, California, and later in Oakland he worked with union leader Harry Bridges. At one point he tried boxing as a career. He moved to Los Angeles in 1925, became a scenery painter for the movie studios, and joined the local painters union. In April 1937, Sorrell's local union was one of those unaffiliated with IATSE which formed the Federation of Motion Picture Crafts (FMPC). That same month, the FMPC went on strike against the major studios. In the picket line at Warner Brothers, Sorrell's determination earned him the rank of "picket captain", and the attention of Blayney F. Mathews, head of Warner Brothers' security, who had him arrested. Sorrell was never charged and was released several days later. This notoriety led to his subsequent position as the business representative for the painter's union and as a result he became one of the major negotiators who settled the strike in June.

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Herman Bing
Herman Bing (March 30, 1889 – January 9, 1947) was a German-American character actor and voice actor.
Herman Bing was also the brother of Gus Bing (1893–1967).
Herman Bing was born in Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany and died in Los Angeles, California. He was production chief of films in Germany before he went to America with director F. W. Murnau. As well as acting in over 120 films, he was also in Burlesque. He also provided the voice for the Ringmaster in Walt Disney's Dumbo, and Von Hamburger in "Daffy Duck in Hollywood" (1938). Many of Bing's parts were uncredited.
The type of comedy he was known for became outdated in the years following World War II. It was said he was a known Nazi sympathizer which damaged his career when the United States entered World War II. He became increasingly depressed in the mid-1940s, as he was unable to secure work in Hollywood, and committed suicide in 1947 by shooting himself.

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Joe Grant
Joe Grant (May 15, 1908 – May 6, 2005) was a Disney artist and writer.
Born in New York City, New York, he worked for The Walt Disney Company as a character designer and story artist beginning in 1933 on the Mickey Mouse short, "Mickey's Gala Premiere". He was a Disney legend. He created the Queen in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. He co-wrote Dumbo. He also led development of Fantasia and Pinocchio.
During World War II, Grant worked on war cartoons including the Academy Award winning Der Fuehrer's Face. He left the Disney studio in 1949 and ran a ceramics business and a greeting card business but returned in 1989 to work on Beauty and the Beast. He also worked on Aladdin, The Lion King, Pocahontas, Fantasia 2000, Monsters, Inc. and Mulan among others. The last film he worked on before his death, Chicken Little, was dedicated to him.
Grant worked four days a week at Disney until he died, 9 days short of his 97th birthday. Grant's final project, "Lorenzo", for which he conceived the idea and helped storyboard, received an Academy Award nomination in 2005.

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John Canemaker
John Cannizzaro Jr. (born 1943), better known as John Canemaker, is an independent animator, animation historian, author, teacher and lecturer. In 1980, he began teaching and developing the animation program at New York University, Tisch School of the Arts', Kanbar Institute of Film and Television Department. Since 1988 he has directed the program and is currently a tenured full professor. From 2001-2002 he was Acting Chair of the NYU Undergraduate Film and Television Department. In 2006, his film The Moon and the Son: An Imagined Conversation, a 28-minute animated piece about Canemaker's relationship with his father, won the Academy Award for best animated short. In 2007 the same piece picked up an Emmy award for its graphic and artistic design.
Raised in Elmira, New York, Canemaker began an acting career which included off-Broadway and advertising work in New York City from 1961 to 1965. In 1967, after a two-year stint in the Army, Canemaker, with funds from acting assignments in TV commercials (he appeared in over 35 advertisements for major products, most famously leading a line of "fat kids, skinny kids, kids who climb on rocks" through Central Park for Armour hotdogs)—and appearing as a cast member of the 1972 WCBS-TV show Patchwork Family, in which he drew on a large sketching pad—he obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree from Marymount Manhattan College in 1974 and Master of Fine Arts in Film from New York University in 1976.

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Leonard Maltin
Leonard Maltin (born December 18, 1950) is an American film critic and historian, author of several mainstream books on cinema, focusing on nostalgic, celebratory narratives.
Maltin was born in New York City, son of singer Jacqueline (née Gould), and Aaron Isaac Maltin, a lawyer and immigration judge. He is married to researcher and producer Alice Tlusty. He has one daughter Jessie, born in 1986, who works with him. Maltin is Jewish. Maltin grew up in Teaneck, New Jersey, and graduated from Teaneck High School. He is a friend of film critic Roger Ebert.
Maltin began his writing career at age fifteen, writing for Classic Images and editing and publishing his own fanzine, Film Fan Monthly, dedicated to films from the golden age of Hollywood. After earning a journalism degree at New York University, Maltin went on to publish articles in a variety of film journals, newspapers, and magazines, including Variety and TV Guide.
As an author, Maltin is best known for Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide, (some editions titled as his ...Movie and Video Guide), a compendium of synopses and reviews that first appeared in September 1969 and has been annually updated since October 1987. (It was published under the title TV Movies until the 1990s, and in 2005 spawned a spin-off, Leonard Maltin's Classic Movie Guide, limited to films released in 1960 and earlier to allow the regular book to cover a larger number of more recent titles.) He has also written several other works, including Behind the Camera, a study of cinematography, The Whole Film Sourcebook, Leonard Maltin's Movie Encyclopedia, Our Gang: The Life and Times of the Little Rascals, and Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons.

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Ned Washington
Ned Washington (August 15, 1901 – December 20, 1976) was an American lyricist.
Washington was nominated for eleven Academy Awards from 1940 to 1962. He won the Best Original Music award twice: in 1940 for "When You Wish upon a Star" in Pinocchio and in 1952 for "High Noon (Do Not Forsake Me, Oh My Darlin')" in High Noon.
Some of Washington's most famous songs include:
Ned Washington is a member of the Songwriters Hall of Fame. His grave is located in Culver City's Holy Cross Cemetery.

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Oliver Wallace
Oliver George Wallace (August 6, 1887 – September 15, 1963) was a British composer and conductor. He was especially known for his film music compositions, which were written for many animation, documentary, and feature films from Walt Disney Studios.
Wallace was born on August 6, 1887, in London. After completing his musical training, he went to the United States, where he initially worked primarily on the West Coast as a conductor of theater orchestras and as an organist accompanying silent films. At the same time, he also made a name as a songwriter, writing tunes such as the popular "Hindustan". With the advent of the talking film era, he worked increasingly for Hollywood film studios in the 1930s.
In 1936 he joined Disney Studios, and quickly became one of the most important composers in the studio for short animated films. Wallace provided the music for more than 100 of these shorts. One of his best-known pieces is the song "Der Fuehrer's Face" from the 1942 Donald Duck propaganda cartoon. This parody of a Horst Wessel song was, mainly through the version by Spike Jones and His City Slickers, one of the biggest hits during the Second World War. Other shorts Wallace scored include "Ben and Me" (1953), about Benjamin Franklin and a mouse, and the Oscar-winning "Toot, Whistle, Plunk and Boom" (1953), the first cartoon to use the new Cinemascope process. In 1949 Wallace composed the music and voiced the villainous Mr. Winkie in the Disney film "The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad".

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Peter Emslie
Peter Emslie is a professional illustrator, who lives in Mississauga, Ontario. Aside from being an illustrator, Emslie also teaches character design in Sheridan College. He has illustrated well over 50 books for Disney licensees, including Random House. Emslie's caricatures have appeared in magazines including Entertainment Weekly.
His books include:

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Richard Schickel
Richard Warren Schickel (born February 10, 1933) is an American author, journalist, and documentary filmmaker. He is a film critic for Time magazine, having also written for Life magazine and the Los Angeles Times Book Review.
Schickel was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the son of Helen (née Hendricks) and Edward John Schickel. He is featured in For the Love of Movies: The Story of American Film Criticism. In this 2009 documentary film he discusses early film critics Frank E. Woods, Robert E. Sherwood, and Otis Ferguson, and tells of how, in the 1960s, he, Pauline Kael, and Andrew Sarris, all young critics, rejected the moralizing opposition of Bosley Crowther of The New York Times who had railed against violent movies such as Bonnie and Clyde.
Schickel was a recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1964. He has also lectured at Yale University and University of Southern California's School of Film and Television.

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Stepin Fetchit
Stepin Fetchit (May 30, 1902 – November 19, 1985) was the stage name of American comedian and film actor Lincoln Theodore Monroe Andrew Perry.
Perry parlayed the Fetchit persona into a successful film career, eventually becoming a millionaire, the first black actor in history to do so. He was also the first black actor to receive a screen credit.
Perry's typical film persona and stage name have long been controversial, and seen as illustrative of negative stereotypes of African-Americans. Seen through a modern lens, Perry's "laziest man in the world" character can be "painfully racist" but also "subversive".
Little is certain about his background other than that he was born in Key West, Florida to West Indian immigrants. He was the second child of Joseph Perry, a cigar maker from Jamaica (although some sources indicate the Bahamas) and Dora Monroe, a seamstress from Nassau. Both of his parents came to the United States in the 1890s, where they married. By 1910, the family had moved north to Tampa, Florida. Another source says he was adopted when he was eleven years old and taken to live in Montgomery, Alabama.

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Sterling Holloway
Sterling Price Holloway, Jr. (January 4, 1905 – November 22, 1992) was an American character actor who appeared in 150 films and television shows. He was also a voice actor for The Walt Disney Company, well known for his distinctive tenor voice, and is perhaps best remembered as the original voice of Walt Disney's Winnie the Pooh.
Born on January 4, 1905 in Cedartown, Georgia, Holloway was named after his father, Sterling Price Holloway, who himself was named after a prominent Confederate general, Sterling "Pap" Price. His mother was Rebecca DeHaven (some sources say her last name was Boothby). He had a younger brother named Boothby. The family owned a grocery store in Cedartown, where his father served as mayor in 1912. He was said to have had a theatrical bent from an early age and reportedly bore a distant relationship to a historical London stage actress named Lady Penelope Boothby. After graduating from Georgia Military Academy in 1920 at age 15, he left Georgia for New York, where he attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. While there, he began a friendship with actor Spencer Tracy, whom he later stated to be one of his favorite actors to work with.

wn.com/Sterling_Holloway
Tetsuya Nomura
Tetsuya Nomura (野村哲也, Nomura Tetsuya^?, born October 8, 1970) is a Japanese video game director and character designer working for Square Enix (formerly Square). He first started working designing few parts from Final Fantasy V and Final Fantasy VI and has also been the character designer from various games, debuting in Final Fantasy VII. Additionally, Nomura debuted as video game director for the Kingdom Hearts series starting in 2002 and was also the director from the CGI film Final Fantasy VII Advent Children.
For his work in the first Kingdom Hearts game Nomura received the "Excellence in Visual Arts" award by the International Game Developers Association alongside Shinji Hashimoto. In IGN's "The Top 100 Video Game Creators of all Time" Nomura was listed 84th.
Nomura was born in Kōchi, Japan. When he was a young man, he graduated from vocational school with a degree in Graphic Design.
In the early 1990s, Square hired him to work as a debugger for Final Fantasy IV and following it as a monster designer for Final Fantasy V and then as the graphic director in charge of monster designs for Final Fantasy VI.

wn.com/Tetsuya_Nomura
Verna Felton
Verna Felton (July 20, 1890 – December 14, 1966) was an American character actress who was best known for providing many female voices in numerous Disney animated films, as well as voicing Fred Flintstone's mother-in-law Pearl Slaghoople for Hanna-Barbera. Her film appearances during the 1940s included If I Had My Way (1940), Girls of the Big House (1945) and The Fuller Brush Man (1948). She was much in demand as a movie character actress during the early 1950s, including Buccaneer's Girl (1950) Belles on Their Toes (1952) Don't Bother to Knock (1952) and her memorable supporting role of Mrs. Potts in the film of William Inge's Picnic (1955). She was also known for her husky voice and no-nonsense attitude. She was born in Salinas, California.

wn.com/Verna_Felton
Walt Disney
Walter Elias "Walt" Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966) was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, animator, entrepreneur, entertainer, international icon, and philanthropist, well known for his influence in the field of entertainment during the 20th century. Along with his brother Roy O. Disney, he was co-founder of Walt Disney Productions, which later became one of the best-known motion picture producers in the world. The corporation is now known as The Walt Disney Company and had an annual revenue of approximately US$36 billion in the 2010 financial year.
Disney is particularly noted as a film producer and a popular showman, as well as an innovator in animation and theme park design. He and his staff created some of the world's most well-known fictional characters including Mickey Mouse, for whom Disney himself provided the original voice. During his lifetime he received four honorary Academy Awards and won 22 Academy Awards from a total of 59 nominations, including a record four in one year, giving him more awards and nominations than any other individual in history. Disney also won seven Emmy Awards and gave his name to the Disneyland and Walt Disney World Resort theme parks in the U.S., as well as the international resorts Tokyo Disney Resort, Disneyland Paris, and Hong Kong Disneyland.

wn.com/Walt_Disney

Dumbo (1941)

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Ben Sharpsteen

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photo: WN / Janice Sabnal

Six dead as winter snowstorms pound US

Zeenews

27 Dec 2012

Washington. Six people, including two young children, were left dead in weather-related accidents, as winter snowstorms complicated travel for many Americans in the Midwest and Northeast on Wednesday. Snow totals in parts of Indiana ranged from 6 to 12 inches, CNN reported. About 350 snowploughs were clearing roads throughout the city. New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo told residents they should avoid nonessential travel ... IANS ... ....(size: 2.2Kb)

photo: US Navy / HMC Josh Ives

U.S. Army Spc. Jacob Bobbe, security force team member for Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) Farah, maintains security on the street during a key leader engagement in the Lash-e Juwayn district of Farah province, Afghanistan, Dec. 11 2012.

Imperial Lockstep

CounterPunch

27 Dec 2012

Imperial adventures are nothing new in the Middle East. Neither is their glorification, as Peter O’Toole’s pained Lawrence of Arabia eternally reminds us. But for a decade or so now, things have been heating up, as if to coincide with climate change and fears of declining petroleum reserves ... The Belly for Belligerence? ... The question loomed over beltway intelligentsia like an ephemeral Gordian knot ... We’re All Hawks Now ... While George W ... ....(size: 9.3Kb)

photo: AP

Members of Myanmar Fire Brigade team gather near a damaged Air Bagan passenger plane in Heho, Shan State, Myanmar, Tuesday, Dec. 25, 2012.

Two killed and 11 injured in Burma emergency landing

BBC News

25 Dec 2012

Two people, including a young child, have been killed and another 11 injured during an emergency landing in Burma, officials say. The Air Bagan plane was carrying more than 60 passengers, many of whom were foreign nationals ... "The cause of the accident is not clear yet ... ....(size: 1.4Kb)

photo: AP / Khalil Hamra, File

FILE - In this Saturday, Dec. 22, 2012 file photo, an elderly Egyptian man shows his inked finger after casting his vote on the second round of a referendum on a disputed constitution drafted by Islamist supporters of President Mohammed Morsi in Fayoum, about 100 kilometers (62 miles) south of Cairo , Egypt.

Egypt constitution passes, economic crunch looms

The Salt Lake Tribune

26 Dec 2012

Cairo • The official approval of Egypt’s disputed, Islamist-backed constitution Tuesday held out little hope of stabilizing the country after two years of turmoil and Islamist President Mohammed Morsi may now face a more immediate crisis with the economy falling deeper into distress ... Join the Discussion. The battle over the constitution left Egypt deeply polarized at a time when the government is increasingly cash-strapped ... The U.S ... " ... ....(size: 5.7Kb)

photo: AP / K.M.Chaudary

Supporters of Pakistan's slain leader Benazir Bhutto, stand beside her portrait after lighting earth lamps at a ceremony to mark the second anniversary of her death

Pakistan marks fifth anniversary of Benazir Bhutto murder

BBC News

27 Dec 2012

Large crowds of Pakistan People's Party (PPP) supporters are gathering to mark the fifth anniversary of the murder of ex-Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. Ms Bhutto died in a gun and bomb attack during her 2007 election campaign. Hundreds of thousands of people have set up camp near the Bhutto family's ancestral home in Sindh province ... He cannot contest an election until his 25th birthday. Show of strength ... ....(size: 2.4Kb)

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Stanford's run for the Rose Bowl begins

San Francisco Chronicle

27 Dec 2012

Anaheim -- - Stanford badly wants to win the Rose Bowl, partly to erase the bitter taste of defeat from last season's Fiesta Bowl. But after flying to Los Angeles on Wednesday, the Cardinal spent the day having fun. Both the Cardinal and the Wisconsin Badgers were treated to warm weather and to rides at Disneyland ... "Today's all fun ... "My mom says at 3 I was really into Dumbo," he said. "I went on the Dumbo ride about 20 times ... E-mail....(size: 3.7Kb)

Stanford begins Rose Bowl week

San Francisco Chronicle

27 Dec 2012

Anaheim -- - Stanford badly wants to win the Rose Bowl, partly to erase the bitter taste of defeat from last season's Fiesta Bowl. But after flying to Los Angeles on Wednesday, the Cardinal spent the day having fun. Both the Cardinal and the Wisconsin Badgers were treated to warm weather and to rides at Disneyland ... The Cardinal had the day off ... "My mom says at 3, I was really into Dumbo," he said. "I went on the Dumbo ride about 20 times....(size: 3.7Kb)

Badgers, Cardinal open Rose Bowl week

Springfield News-Sun

27 Dec 2012

Wisconsin is in the Rose Bowl for the third straight year. This time, the Badgers are bringing a familiar face with them on the sideline ... 1 following the departure of Bret Bielema for Arkansas ... They were welcomed by Mickey Mouse, who high-fived the head coaches ... It's surreal ... Ertz was back at Disneyland for the first time since coming to the theme park as a 3-year-old, when he went on the Dumbo the elephant ride "20 times ... ....(size: 3.7Kb)

Wisconsin Badgers, Stanford Cardinal visit Disneyland to kick off Rose Bowl week

The Washington Post

27 Dec 2012

ANAHEIM, Calif. — Wisconsin is in the Rose Bowl for the third straight year. This time, the Badgers are bringing a familiar face with them on the sideline ... 1 following the departure of Bret Bielema for Arkansas. Loading... Comments Weigh In Corrections?. Recommend. Personal Post ... Ertz was back at Disneyland for the first time since coming to the theme park as a 3-year-old, when he went on the Dumbo the elephant ride “20 times ... ....(size: 4.7Kb)

If animated Disney characters threw a Christmas party (Photos)

The Examiner

26 Dec 2012

... Book” “Anastasia” “The Emperor's New Groove” “Beauty and the Beast” “Tarzan” “Robin Hood” “Tangled” “Aladdin” “Lilo and Stitch” “Sleeping Beauty” “Brave” “Alice in Wonderland” “The Little Mermaid” “Snow White and the Seven Dwarves” “Dumbo” “Mulan” “Duck Tales” “Peter Pan”....(size: 1.5Kb)

Enter the sparkly worlds of Ariel and Belle at Disney World's ambitious New Fantasyland

The Miami Herald

24 Dec 2012

ORLANDO, Fla. - New Fantasyland adds some spangle-sparkle to the stately Magic Kingdom ... Q ... A ... Is the Dumbo ride still in Fantasyland? ... In fact, now there are two Dumbo the Flying Elephant rides - with a second Dumbo ride spinning the opposite direction next to the first ... No, only Dumbo, Under the Sea and the Barnstormer. Dumbo also has a new pager system that will hold your place in line while you play in the Big Top area next to the line ... ....(size: 3.7Kb)

Patsy Grimaldi wins court battle to open new pizzeria next door to rival, judge rules

New York Daily News

24 Dec 2012

A Queens judge has ruled the famed founder of one of the most popular pizza joints in the city can open a restaurant right next door to the flagship DUMBO location he sold to Frank Ciolli in 1998 ... out of retirement to flip pies again at Juliana's Pizza, a new joint in the same building he used to rent in DUMBO - right next door to Ciolli's pizzeria....(size: 2.1Kb)

Fantasyland expansion opens at Walt Disney World

The Washington Times

24 Dec 2012

Todd DeFeo. Ask me a question. Follow @todddefeo. LAKE BUENA VISTA, Florida, December 23, 2012 — The opening of the Fantasyland expansion at the Magic Kingdom that took place on December 6 caps a year of change for Walt Disney World ... In addition to princesses, the Fantasyland expansion also includes an expanded Dumbo attraction and a revamped Walt Disney World Railroad station ... said during an earnings call last month ...   ... ... ....(size: 8.2Kb)

Disney expands Magic Kingdom to include Ariel, Belle, and a new generation of characters

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

23 Dec 2012

These interactive lines have long been a Disney specialty, but even Disney found it challenging to wrangle people at Dumbo the Flying Elephant, which has been expanded and set in New Fantasyland ... "What was a couple of minutes on Dumbo is now an immersive 15 minutes," said Phil Holmes, vice president of Magic Kingdom Park ... taking Dumbo for a whirl....(size: 11.9Kb)

Kinsey Collection of African American art and history to open at Epcot in 2013

The Examiner

22 Dec 2012

Walt Disney world will display more than 40 pieces from the Kinsey Collection to the American Adventure pavilion starting in late winter 2013 ... It represents the works of Bernard and Shirley Kinsey ... On tour since 1997, the Kinsey Collection ... Suggested by the author.. Disneyland Half Marathon Weekend adds 10K race, Dumbo Double Dare in 2013Disney’s D23 Expo 2013 early bird registration ends Dec ... ....(size: 2.1Kb)

Plant a tree for free in NYC

The Examiner

22 Dec 2012

Would you like to beautify your property, reduce your air conditioning costs, purify the air you breathe, and reduce your carbon footprint? But wait, that's not all – how about a tasty snack or a lovely fragrance? Interested? I thought you might be. In that case, plant a tree, and join a city-wide movement while you're at it ... That's really it ... The pick-up location is Pier 6, Atlantic Ave & Furman St, in Dumbo ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)

Holiday for Fans, but Not for Players

The New York Times

22 Dec 2012

The Knicks are not associated with Christmas in New York in the same way as the Rockettes or Macy’s, but that is not for a lack of effort. Having played more Christmas Day games than any other N.B.A ... Through the years, the Knicks’ frequent Dec. 25 games have resulted in 22 wins, the most in the N.B.A ... Basketball, New York Knicks ... RSS ... Connie and Jeff Fagan made the trip from Dumbo after winning their Section 15 tickets in a silent auction....(size: 8.5Kb)

Disney’s ‘Cars’ Spin-Off ‘Planes’ Getting A Theatrical Release Next Summer

Indiewire

21 Dec 2012

.. Well this is somewhat surprising. “Planes,” the direct-to-video spin-off of Disney/Pixar’s “Cars” films, is now getting a wide theatrical release next summer ... “Planes” was originally supposed to debut on home video in the fall (a European theatrical release was always planned) ... Either way, it’s coming ... A sequel to “Dumbo” that was very far along was also abandoned ... ....(size: 5.5Kb)

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For other uses, see Dumbo (disambiguation).

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2008)

Dumbo
File:Dumbo-1941-poster.jpg Original 1941 release poster
Directed by	Ben Sharpsteen
Produced by	Walt Disney
Story by	Otto Englander Joe Grant Dick Huemer
Based on	Dumbo by Helen Aberson
Narrated by	John McLeish
Starring	Edward Brophy Herman Bing Margaret Wright Sterling Holloway Cliff Edwards
Music by	Frank Churchill Oliver Wallace
Studio	Walt Disney Productions
Distributed by	RKO Radio Pictures
Release date(s)	October 23, 1941 (1941-10-23)
Running time	64 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$950,000^[1]
Box office	$1.6 million^[2]

Dumbo is a 1941 American animated film produced by Walt Disney and released on October 23, 1941, by RKO Radio Pictures.

The fourth film in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series, Dumbo is based upon the storyline written by Helen Aberson and illustrated by Harold Pearl for the prototype of a novelty toy ("Roll-a-Book").^[3] The main character is Jumbo Jr., a semi-anthropomorphic elephant who is cruelly nicknamed "Dumbo". He is ridiculed for his big ears, but in fact he is capable of flying by using his ears as wings. Throughout most of the film, his only true friend, aside from his mother, is the mouse, Timothy — a relationship parodying the stereotypical animosity between mice and elephants.

Dumbo was made to recoup the financial losses of Fantasia. It was a deliberate pursuit of simplicity and economy for the Disney studio, and at 64 minutes, it is one of Disney's shortest animated features.

Plot [link]

While circus animals are being transported, Mrs. Jumbo, one of the elephants, receives her baby from a stork.

The baby elephant is quickly taunted by the other elephants because of his large ears, and they nickname him "Dumbo".

Once the circus is set up, Mrs. Jumbo loses her temper at a group of boys for making fun of her son, and she is locked up and deemed mad. Dumbo is shunned by the other elephants and with no mother to care for him, he is now alone, except for a self-appointed mentor and protector, Timothy Q. Mouse, who feels sympathy for Dumbo and becomes determined to make him happy again.

The circus director makes Dumbo the top of an elephant pyramid stunt, but Dumbo's ears cause the stunt to go wrong, injuring the other elephants and bringing down the big top. Dumbo is made a clown as a result, and plays the main role in an act that involves him falling into a vat of pie filling. Despite his newfound popularity and fame, Dumbo hates this job and is now more miserable than ever.

To cheer Dumbo up, Timothy takes him to visit his mother. On the way back Dumbo cries and then starts to hiccup so Timothy decides to take him for a drink of water from a bucket which, unknown to him, has accidentally had a bottle of champagne knocked into it. As a result, Dumbo and Timothy both become drunk and see hallucinations of pink elephants (the famous Pink Elephants on Parade sequence).

The next morning, Dumbo and Timothy wake up in a tree. Timothy wonders how they got up in the tree, and concludes that Dumbo flew up there using his large ears as wings. With the help of a group of anthropomorphic crows, Timothy is able to get Dumbo to fly again, using a psychological trick of a "magic feather" to boost his confidence.

Back at the circus, Dumbo must perform his stunt of jumping from a high building, this time from a much higher platform. On the way down, Dumbo loses the feather and Timothy tells him that the feather was never magical, and that he is still able to fly. Dumbo is able to pull out of the dive and flies around the circus, finally striking back at his tormentors as the stunned audience looks on in amazement.

After this performance, Dumbo becomes a media sensation, Timothy becomes his manager, and Dumbo and Mrs. Jumbo are given a private car on the circus train.

Cast [link]

Like Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, all the cast are uncredited for their roles in the film.^[4]

The title character is Dumbo, the nickname given to Jumbo Jr. He is an elephant who has huge ears and is able to use them to fly, carrying what he thinks of as a magic feather. Much like Dopey in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Dumbo has no spoken dialogue.
Edward Brophy as Timothy Q. Mouse, an anthropomorphic mouse who becomes the only friend of Dumbo and his mother Mrs. Jumbo. He teaches Dumbo how to become the "ninth wonder of the universe", and the only flying elephant in the whole world. He is never mentioned by name in the film, but his signature can be read on the contract in a newspaper photograph at the finale.
Verna Felton as Mrs. Jumbo, Dumbo's mother, who speaks only once to call Dumbo by his given name, "Jumbo, Jr." Felton also voiced the Elephant Matriarch, the female leader of the circus elephants.
Herman Bing as The Ringmaster, who though not truly evil is a strict and occasionally arrogant man. He later appears as a villain in the video game Disney's Villains' Revenge
Margaret Wright as Casey Junior, the tender engine hauling the circus train. Casey Junior has a 2-4-0 wheel arrangement, a small four-wheeled tender at the back, a big tall funnel, a little lamp hat, a short stumpy boiler, a short stumpy dome with a whistle on the top and a small cowcatcher at his front.
Sterling Holloway as Mr. Stork
Cliff Edwards as Jim Crow
Hall Johnson Choir as Crow Chorus
Noreen Gammill as Elephant Catty
Dorothy Scott as Elephant Giddy
Sarah Selby as Elephant Prissy
Malcolm Hutton as Skinny
John McLeish as the narrator

Production [link]

Development [link]

Dumbo is based upon a children's story written by Helen Aberson and illustrated by Harold Pearl that was prepared to demonstrate the prototype of a toy storytelling display device called Roll-A-Book, which was similar in principle to a panorama. It involved only eight drawings and just a few lines of text, and had Red Robin as Dumbo's ally instead of Timothy Mouse.

Dumbo was first brought to the attention of Walt Disney in late 1939 by Disney's head of merchandise licensing Kay Kamen, who showed a prototype of the Roll-A-Book that included Dumbo. Disney immediately grasped its possibilities and heartwarming story and purchased the rights to it.^[5]

Originally it was intended to be a short film,^[6] but in 1940, after the financial failures of both Pinocchio and Fantasia, Walt decided to expand the story into a feature film to help generate income for the Disney studio. The studio's income had also been negatively impacted due to the war in Europe.^[7] Storymen Dick Huemer and Joe Grant were the primary figures in developing the plot. They wrote the script in chapters, much like a book, an unusual way of writing a film script. Regardless of this, very little was changed from the original draft.^[8]

Casting [link]

None of the voice actors for Dumbo received screen credit,^[4] but Timothy Mouse, who befriended Dumbo even in his darkest days and was instrumental in helping him find greatness within himself, was voiced by Edward Brophy, a character actor known for portraying gangsters. He has no other known animation voice credits. The pompous matriarch of the elephants was voiced by Verna Felton, who also played the Fairy Godmother in Cinderella, the Queen of Hearts in Alice in Wonderland, and Flora of the Three Good Fairies in Sleeping Beauty. Other voice actors include the perennial Sterling Holloway in a cameo role as Mr. Stork, Cliff Edwards, better known as the voice of Jiminy Cricket, as Jim Crow, the leader of the crows, and John McLeish, best known for narrating the Goofy "How To" cartoons, providing the opening narration.

Animation [link]

When the film went into production in early 1941, supervising director Ben Sharpsteen was given orders to keep the film simple and inexpensive. As a result, Dumbo lacks the lavish detail of the previous three Disney animated features (Fantasia, Pinocchio, and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs): character designs are simpler, background paintings are less detailed, and a number of held cels (or frames) were used in the character animation. Although the film is more "cartoony" than previous Disney films the animators brought elephants and other animals into the studio to study their movement.^[6]

Watercolor paint was used to render the backgrounds. Dumbo and Snow White are the only two classic Disney features to use the technique, which was regularly employed for the various Disney cartoon shorts. The other Disney features used oil paint and gouache. 2002's Lilo & Stitch, which drew influences from Dumbo, also made use of watercolor backgrounds.^[9]^[10]

The simplicity freed the animators from being overly concerned with detail, and allowed them to focus on the most important element of character animation: acting. Bill Tytla's animation of Dumbo is today considered one of the greatest accomplishments in American animation.^{[by whom?]}

Disney strike [link]

During the production of Dumbo, Herbert Sorrell leader of the Screen Cartoonists Guild labour union, demanded Disney sign with his union. Disney declined saying that he would put it to a vote. Sorrel again demanded that Disney sign with his union, but Disney once again refused. On May 29, 1941, shortly after Rough Animation on Dumbo was complete, much of the Disney studio staff went on the Disney animators' strike. A number of strikers are caricatured in the feature as clowns who go to "hit the big boss for a raise". The strike lasted five weeks, and ended the "family" atmosphere and camaraderie at the studio.

Distribution [link]

Completed in fall 1941, Disney's distributor RKO Radio Pictures initially balked at the film's 64-minute length and wanted Disney to either make it longer, edit it down to a short subject length, or allow them to release it as a B-movie. Disney refused all three options, and RKO reluctantly issued Dumbo, unaltered, as an A-film.

Music and sound [link]

Baby Mine (Betty Noyes)
Casey Junior (The Sportsmen)
Look Out for Mr. Stork (The Sportsmen)
Song of the Roustabouts (The King's Men)
"The Clown Song" (A.K.A."We're gonna hit the big boss for a raise") (Billy Bletcher, Eddie Holden and Billy Sheets)
"Pink Elephants on Parade" (The Sportsmen) (soundtrack version has music preceding 2 minutes before it)
When I See an Elephant Fly (Cliff Edwards and the Hall Johnson Choir)
When I See an Elephant Fly (Reprise)

On Classic Disney: 60 Years of Musical Magic, "Pink Elephants on Parade" is included on the green disc, Baby Mine is on the purple disc, and When I See an Elephant Fly is on the orange disc. On Disney's Greatest Hits, Pink Elephants on Parade is on the red disc.

Release [link]

Box office [link]

Despite the advent of World War II, Dumbo was still the most financially successful Disney film of the 1940s. After its October 23 release, Dumbo proved to be a financial miracle compared to other Disney films. The simple film only cost $950,000 to produce,^[1] half the cost of Snow White, less than a third of the cost of Pinocchio, and certainly less than the expensive Fantasia. Dumbo eventually grossed $1.6 million during its original release; it and Snow White were the only two pre-1943 Disney features to turn a profit.^[2] It was intended for Dumbo to be on the cover of the December 1941 issue of Time, but the idea was dropped when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, resulting in the United States entering World War II and reducing the box office draw of the film. The film was re-released in theaters in 1949, 1959, 1972, and 1976.

Critical reception [link]

Reviews for the film were generally positive.

The film holds a 97% at movie aggregator Rotten Tomatoes.^[11] Film critic Leonard Maltin described it as "One of Walt Disney's most charming animated films".^[12]

In 2011, TIME named it one of "The 25 All-TIME Best Animated Films".^[13]

Television broadcast [link]

This was one of the first of Disney's animated films to be broadcast, albeit severely edited, on television, as part of Disney's anthology series.

Home video [link]

Dumbo, along with Alice in Wonderland, was the first of Disney's canon of animated films to be released on home video. The film was originally released on June 26, 1981 on VHS and Betamax, followed by a Laserdisc release in June, 1982 and then once again on VHS and Betamax as part of Walt Disney Classics Video Collection release on December 3, 1985.^{[citation needed]}

The film was then remastered in 1986 and 1989^{[citation needed]} and released on VHS and Laserdisc as a 50th Anniversary Edition of Dumbo on July 12, 1991^{[citation needed]}, followed by an October 28, 1994 VHS and Laserdisc release as a part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection.^{[citation needed]} In 2001, a 60th Anniversary Special Edition was released in VHS and DVD formats.^[14]^[15]^[16] In 2006, a "Big Top Edition" of the film was released on DVD,^[17]^[18]^[19] followed by a UK Special Edition release in May 2007.^{[citation needed]}

A 70th Anniversary Edition of the film was released in the United States on September 20, 2011.^[20]^[21]^[22]^[23] The 70th Anniversary Edition was produced in two different packages: a 2-disc Blu-ray/DVD combo pack and a 1-disc DVD.^[22]^[24] The film was also released as a movie download.^[22] All versions of the 70th Anniversary Edition contain deleted scenes and several bonus features, including "Taking Flight: The Making of Dumbo" and "The Magic of Dumbo: A Ride of Passage," while the 2-disc Blu-ray version additionally includes games, animated shorts, and several exclusive features.^[22]^[25]^[26]^[27]

Awards and nominations [link]

Dumbo won the 1941 Academy Award for Original Music Score, awarded to musical directors Frank Churchill and Oliver Wallace. Churchill and lyricist Ned Washington were also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Song for "Baby Mine" (the song that plays during Dumbo's visit to his mother's cell), but did not win for this category.^[28] The film also won Best Animation Design at the 1947 Cannes Film Festival.

Year	Ceremony	Award	Result^[29]
1941	Oscar Awards	Best Scoring of a Musical Picture	Won
1941	Oscar Awards	Best Original Song (For the song "Baby Mine")	Nominated
1947	Cannes Film Festival	Best Animation Design	Won

Legacy [link]

Lists [link]

American Film Institute Lists

AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:
- Baby Mine - Nominated^[30]
AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals - Nominated^[31]
AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers - Nominated^[32]
AFI's 10 Top 10 - Nominated Animated Film^[33]

Allegations of racial stereotyping [link]

The crow characters in the film can be seen as African-American stereotypes. The leader crow was originally named "Jim Crow" for script purposes, and the name stuck. The other crows are all voiced by African-American actors, all members of the Hall Johnson Choir. Despite suggestions of racism by critics such as Richard Schickel who have criticized the portrayal as racist,^[34] others reject these claims.^[35] Defenders note that the crows form the majority of the characters in the movie who are sympathetic to Dumbo's plight, are free spirits who serve nobody, and intelligent characters aware of the power of self-confidence, unlike the Stepin Fetchit stereotype common at that time. Furthermore, their song "When I See An Elephant Fly", which uses intricate wordplay in the lyrics, is more oriented to mocking Timothy Mouse than Dumbo's large ears.

Proposed Sequel [link]

The 2001 60th anniversary DVD release featured a sneak peek of a direct-to-video sequel, Dumbo II. The preview showed sketches and storyboard ideas. The main story has to do with Dumbo and his new friends getting separated from the rest of the circus as they wander into the big city. Dumbo's new friends are Claude and Lolly the twin bears who leave chaos everywhere they go, Dot the curious zebra, Godfrey the hippo who is older and wants to do things for himself, and Penny the adventurous ostrich. Timothy returns as well. The story was supposed to be set on the day immediately following the end of the first Dumbo story.^[36] However, no further announcements have been made since and the project appears to have been canceled. With the appointment of John Lasseter as Chief Creative Officer of Walt Disney Animation Studios following the 2006 acquisition of Pixar, and the subsequent resignation of Sharon Morrill from the presidency of DisneyToon Studios, the studio announced it would no longer produce sequels to classic Disney films, the last such projects being The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Beginning, Tinker Bell, and its sequels, further affirming Dumbo II's apparent cancellation^[37]. Some of the backgrounds for the canceled sequel were recycled for The Fox and the Hound 2.^{[citation needed]}

Media and merchandise [link]

Dumbo's Circus [link]

Main article: Dumbo's Circus

Dumbo's Circus was a live-action/puppet television series for preschool audiences that aired on The Disney Channel in the 1980s. Unlike in the film, Dumbo spoke on the show. Each character would perform a special act, which ranged from dancing and singing to telling knock knock jokes.

Books [link]

Walt Disney's Dumbo: Happy to Help: (ISBN 0-7364-1129-1) A picture book Disney Press by Random House Disney, written by Liane Onish and illustrated by Peter Emslie. It was published January 23, 2001. This paperback is for children age 4-8. Twenty-four pages long, its 0.08 inches thick, and with cover dimensions of 7.88 x 7.88 inches.
Walt Disney's Dumbo Book of Opposites: (ISBN 0-307-06149-3) A book published in August 1997 by Golden Books under the Golden Board Book brand. It was written by Alan Benjamin, illustrated by Peter Emslie, and edited by Heather Lowenberg. Twelve pages long and a quarter of an inch thick, this board edition book had dimensions of 7.25 x 6.00 inches.
Walt Disney's Dumbo the Circus Baby: (ISBN 0-307-12397-9) A book published in September 1993 by Golden Press under the A Golden Sturdy Shape Book brand. Illustrated by Peter Emslie and written by Diane Muldrow, this book is meant for babies and preschoolers. Twelve pages long and half an inch thick, this book's cover size is 9.75 x 6.25 inches.

Theme parks [link]

Dumbo the Flying Elephant is a popular ride that appears in Walt Disney World’s Magic Kingdom,^[38] Disneyland,^[39] Tokyo Disneyland,^[40] Disneyland Park (Paris), and Hong Kong Disneyland.^[41]

The Casey Jr. Circus Train is an attraction found at Disneyland and Disneyland Paris.

In June 2009, Disneyland introduced a flying Dumbo to their nighttime fireworks show, in which the elephant flies around Sleeping Beauty Castle while fireworks synched to music go off.^[42]

Casey Junior is the second float in the Main Street Electrical Parade and its versions. Casey, driven by Goofy, pulls a drum with the parade logo and Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse.

Video games [link]

Dumbo appears in the popular PlayStation 2 game Kingdom Hearts in the form of a summon that the player can call upon in battle for aid. Sora, the protagonist, flies on him and Dumbo splashes enemies with water from his trunk.^[43] Game director Tetsuya Nomura has hinted at a world based on the film for the upcoming Kingdom Hearts 3D: Dream Drop Distance.

The Ringmaster appears as one of four villains that in Disney's Villains' Revenge. In the game, the Disney Villains alter the happy endings from Jiminy Cricket's book; in particular, the Ringmaster forces Dumbo to endlessly perform humiliating stunts in his circus. In the end, the Ringmaster is defeated when he is knocked unconscious by a well-aimed custard pie.

In other Disney films [link]

In The Great Mouse Detective, a bubble-blowing Dumbo toy can be seen, said toy obviously being based on the scene when Dumbo and Timothy were intoxicated.

In A Bug's Life, (made with Pixar), the wagons that transport P. T. Flea's Circus are empty boxes of "Casey Jr. Cookies" named after the train in this film who transports the circus. (Note: the cookie boxes had actual turning wheels).

Dumbo and Casey Jr. make cameos in Disney (and Amblin's) live-action/animated film, Who Framed Roger Rabbit.

References [link]

^ ^a ^b "Dumbo". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=dumbo.htm. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
^ ^a ^b Barrier, 318
^ Obituary: Helen Aberson Mayer. www.independent.co.uk. April 12, 1999. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
^ ^a ^b "Dumbo". Internet Movie Database. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0033563/. Retrieved 7 January 2012.
^ "The Mysterious ''Dumbo'' Roll-A-Book". Michaelbarrier.com. http://www.michaelbarrier.com/Essays/DumboRollABook/DumboRollABook.html. Retrieved 2010-05-31.
^ ^a ^b John Canemaker-Commentary-Dumbo, 2007 Special Edition DVD
^ Holleran, Scott (June 1, 2006). "TCM's Leading Ladies, 'Dumbo' at the El Capitan". www.boxofficemojo.com. http://boxofficemojo.com/features/?id=2077&p=.htm. Retrieved March 3, 2010.
^ Taking Flight: The Making of Dumbo-Dumbo, 2011 DVD
^ Hollywood Cartoons : American Animation in Its Golden Age
^ A Look Inside the Creation of Lilo and Stitch
^ "Festival de Cannes: Dumbo". festival-cannes.com. http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/1947/awardCompetition.html. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
^ Maltin, Leonard. (2008). "Leonard Maltin's 2009 Movie Guide", p390. Plume.
^ Richard Corliss (June 23, 2011). "The 25 All-TIME Best Animated Films - Dumbo". TIME. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2079149_2079152_2079185,00.html. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
^ "Dumbo: 60th Anniversary Edition". DVD Empire. DVD Empire. http://www.dvdempire.com/Exec/v4_item.asp?item_id=29828. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
^ Ben, Simon (13 July 2003). "Dumbo: 60th Anniversary Edition". Animated Views. http://animatedviews.com/2003/dumbo-60th-anniversary-edition/. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
^ Puccio, John (11 December 2001). "Dumb (DVD)". DVD Town. http://www.dvdtown.com/review/dumbo/dvd/918. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
^ Willman, Chris (9 June 2006). "Dumbo: Big Top Edition". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1202253,00.html. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
^ Henderson, Eric (6 June 2006). "Dumbo: Big Top Edition". Slant Magazine. http://www.slantmagazine.com/dvd/review/dumbo-big-top-edition/939. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
^ Swindoll, Jeff (1 June 2006). "DVD Review: Dumbo (Big Top Edition)". Monsters and Critics. http://www.monstersandcritics.com/dvd/reviews/article_1168836.php/DVD_Review_Dumbo_Big_Top_Edition. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
^ Lawler, Richard (29 April 2011). "Dumbo 70th Anniversary Blu-ray has a trailer and a release date: September 20th". Engadget. http://hd.engadget.com/2011/04/29/dumbo-70th-anniversay-blu-ray-has-a-trailer-and-a-release-date/. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
^ "Dumbo Blu-ray Release Date and Details". The HD Room. 30 April 2011. http://www.thehdroom.com/news/Dumbo-Blu-ray-Release-Date-and-Details/8893. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wharton, David (4 April 2011). "Disney Opens The Vault And Brings Dumbo To Blu-Ray". Cinema Blend. http://www.cinemablend.com/dvdnews/Disney-Opens-Vault-Brings-Dumbo-Blu-Ray-31673.html. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
^ "Dumbo Blu-ray Dated". Blu-ray.com. 29 April 2011. http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=6282. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
^ "Dumbo Takes Flight". IGN. 29 April 2011. http://dvd.ign.com/articles/116/1165263p1.html. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
^ "Disney Opens the Vault for ‘Dumbo’ 70th Anniversary DVD and Blu-ray". Buzz Focus. 29 April 2011. http://www.buzzfocus.com/2011/04/29/disney-opens-the-vault-for-dumbo-70th-anniversary-dvd-and-blu-ray/. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
^ "DVD Announcement Roundup". Very Aware. 20 April 2011. http://veryaware.com/2011/04/dvd-announcment-roundup/comment-page-1/. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
^ Sluss, Justin (30 April 2011). "Disney’s 1941 Classic "Dumbo" Finally Coming to Blu-ray in September". High Def Disc News. http://www.highdefdiscnews.com/?p=60861. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
^ "Animated films are unwelcome outside designated categories, as "WALL-E" and "Waltz" shutouts remind us". latimesblogs.latimes.com. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/files/2009/02/snow-white-and.html. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
^ IMDb Awards
^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs Nominees
^ AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals Nominees
^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers Nominees
^ AFI's 10 Top 10 Ballot
^ Schickel, Richard (1968), The Disney Version, New York: Simon and Schuster
^ Grant, John (1987), Encyclopedia of Walt Disney's Animated Characters, New York: Harper & Row, p. 175
^ "Dumbo II". Archived from the original on 2009-10-26. http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/jmraises/other/otherdumboII.html&date=2009-10-26+00:54:35.
^ "Say "So Long !" to direct-to-video sequels : DisneyToon Studios tunes out Sharon Morrill". Jimhillmedia.com. http://jimhillmedia.com/blogs/jim_hill/archive/2007/06/20/say-so-long-to-direct-to-video-sequels-disneytoon-studios-tunes-out-sharon-morrill.aspx. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
^ "Disney World's Dumbo the Flying Elephant Page". http://disneyworld.disney.go.com/wdw/parks/attractionDetail?id=DumbotheFlyingElephantAttractionPage.
^ "Disneyland California's Dumbo the Flying Elephant Page". http://disneyland.disney.go.com/disneyland/en_US/parks/attractions/detail?name=DumboTheFlyingElephantAttractionPage.
^ "Tokyo Disney's Dumbo the Flying Elephant Page". http://www.tokyodisneyresort.co.jp/tdl/english/7land/fantasy/atrc_dumbo.html.
^ "Hong Kong Disneyland's Fantasyland Attractions Page". http://park.hongkongdisneyland.com/hkdl/en_US/parks/listing?name=FantasylandAttractionListingPage.
^ "Flying Dumbo to star in new Disneyland fireworks show". Los Angeles Times. June 3, 2009.
^ "Official Kingdom Hearts Page". http://na.square-enix.com/games/kingdomhearts/.

External links [link]

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v t e Disney theatrical animated features

Walt Disney Animation Studios films (literary sources)	Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) Pinocchio (1940) Fantasia (1940) Dumbo (1941) Bambi (1942) Saludos Amigos (1942) The Three Caballeros (1944) Make Mine Music (1946) Fun and Fancy Free (1947) Melody Time (1948) The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad (1949) Cinderella (1950) Alice in Wonderland (1951) Peter Pan (1953) Lady and the Tramp (1955) Sleeping Beauty (1959) One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961) The Sword in the Stone (1963) The Jungle Book (1967) The Aristocats (1970) Robin Hood (1973) The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1977) The Rescuers (1977) The Fox and the Hound (1981) The Black Cauldron (1985) The Great Mouse Detective (1986) Oliver & Company (1988) The Little Mermaid (1989) The Rescuers Down Under (1990) Beauty and the Beast (1991) Aladdin (1992) The Lion King (1994) Pocahontas (1995) The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) Hercules (1997) Mulan (1998) Tarzan (1999) Fantasia 2000 (1999) Dinosaur (2000) The Emperor's New Groove (2000) Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001) Lilo & Stitch (2002) Treasure Planet (2002) Brother Bear (2003) Home on the Range (2004) Chicken Little (2005) Meet the Robinsons (2007) Bolt (2008) The Princess and the Frog (2009) Tangled (2010) Winnie the Pooh (2011) Wreck-It Ralph (2012) Frozen (2013)

Walt Disney Pictures films with animation	The Reluctant Dragon (1941) Victory Through Air Power (1943) Song of the South (1946) So Dear to My Heart (1949) Mary Poppins (1964) Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971) Pete's Dragon (1977) Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988) Enchanted (2007)

DisneyToon Studios films	DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp (1990) A Goofy Movie (1995) Doug's 1st Movie (1999) The Tigger Movie (2000) Recess: School's Out (2001) Return to Never Land (2002) The Jungle Book 2 (2003) Piglet's Big Movie (2003) Teacher's Pet (2004) Pooh's Heffalump Movie (2005) Bambi II (2006)

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