Langres
Langres
Location within Champagne-Ardenne region  Langres
Administration
Country	France
Region	Champagne-Ardenne
Department	Haute-Marne
Arrondissement	Langres
Canton	Langres
Intercommunality	Étoile de Langres
Mayor	Didier Loiseau (2008–2014)
Statistics
Elevation	327–475 m (1,073–1,558 ft) (avg. 475 m or 1,558 ft)
Land area1	22.33 km2 (8.62 sq mi)
Population2	9,586  (1999)
- Density	429 /km2 (1,110 /sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code	52269/ 52200
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Coordinates: 47°51′48″N 5°20′02″E / 47.8633°N 5.3339°E / 47.8633; 5.3339

Langres is a commune in north-eastern France. It is a subprefecture of the Haute-Marne département in the Champagne-Ardenne region.

History[link]

As the capital of the Romanized Gallic tribe the Lingones, it was called Andematunnum, then Lingones, and now Langres.

The town is built on a limestone promontory of the same name. This stronghold was originally occupied by the Gauls, and, at a later date the Romans fortified the town belonging to the Celtic tribe the Lingones; Andemantunum the strategic cross-roads of twelve Roman roads.^{[citation needed]} The 1st century Triumphal Gate and the many artefacts exhibited in the museums are witnesses to the Gallo-Roman town.

After the period of invasions, the town prospered in the Middle Ages due, in part, to the growing political influence of its bishops. The diocese covered Champagne, the Duchy of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, and the bishops gained the right to coin money in the 9th century and to name the military governor of the city in 927. The Bishop of Langres was a duke and peer of France. The troubled 14th and 15th centuries were reason enough for the town to strengthen its fortifications, which still give the old part of the city its fortified character, and Langres entered a period of royal tutelage. The Renaissance, which returned prosperity to the town, saw the construction of numerous fine civil, religious and military buildings that still stand today. In the 19th century, a "Vauban" citadel was added.

Main sights[link]

Today Langres is a historical town with numerous art treasures within the ancient defensive walls surrounding the old city (3.5 km), including a dozen towers and seven gates.

The cathedral of Saint-Mammès is a late 12th-century structure dedicated to Mammes of Caesarea, a 3rd century martyr.

Culture[link]

Langres is home to producers of an AOC-protected cheese of the same name. It is a soft, pungent cow's milk cheese that is known for its rind, which is washed.

Notable people[link]

Langres was the birthplace of:

• Jeanne Mance (1606–1673), the co-founder of Montreal
• Claude Gillot (1673–1722), painter
• Denis Diderot (1713–1784), the philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment, and the editor-in-chief of the Encyclopédie.
• Jules Violle (1841–1923), physicist and inventor

Langres was also a town where Jehan Tabourot (known as Thoinot Arbeau) wrote his famous book on dance and music Orchésographie.

See also[link]

• Bishopric of Langres

Twin towns[link]

Langres is twinned with:

• Beaconsfield, United Kingdom - since 1995
• Ellwangen, Germany - since 1964
• Abbiategrasso, Italy

External links[link]

• Catholic Encyclopedia: Diocese of Langres
• Langres official website (in French)
• Translation page wikipedia > en in > fr

Gallery[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Langres

v t e Communes of the Haute-Marne department Ageville Aigremont Aillianville Aingoulaincourt Aizanville Allichamps Ambonville Andelot-Blancheville Andilly-en-Bassigny Annéville-la-Prairie Annonville Anrosey Aprey Arbigny-sous-Varennes Arbot Arc-en-Barrois Arnancourt Attancourt Aubepierre-sur-Aube Auberive Audeloncourt Aujeurres Aulnoy-sur-Aube Autigny-le-Grand Autigny-le-Petit Autreville-sur-la-Renne Bailly-aux-Forges Baissey Balesmes-sur-Marne Bannes Bassoncourt Baudrecourt Bayard-sur-Marne Bay-sur-Aube Beauchemin Belmont Bettancourt-la-Ferrée Beurville Biesles Bize Blaisy Blécourt Blessonville Blumeray Bologne Bonnecourt Bourbonne-les-Bains Bourdons-sur-Rognon Bourg Bourg-Sainte-Marie Bourmont Bouzancourt Brachay Brainville-sur-Meuse Braux-le-Châtel Brennes Brethenay Breuvannes-en-Bassigny Briaucourt Bricon Brousseval Bugnières Busson Buxières-lès-Clefmont Buxières-lès-Villiers Ceffonds Celles-en-Bassigny Celsoy Cerisières Chalancey Chalindrey Chalvraines Chamarandes-Choignes Chambroncourt Chamouilley Champigneulles-en-Bassigny Champigny-lès-Langres Champigny-sous-Varennes Champsevraine Chancenay Changey Chanoy Chantraines Charmes Charmes-en-l'Angle Charmes-la-Grande Chassigny Châteauvillain Le Châtelet-sur-Meuse Chatenay-Mâcheron Chatenay-Vaudin Chatonrupt-Sommermont Chaudenay Chauffourt Chaumont Chaumont-la-Ville Chevillon Choilley-Dardenay Choiseul Cirey-lès-Mareilles Cirey-sur-Blaise Cirfontaines-en-Azois Cirfontaines-en-Ornois Clefmont Clinchamp Cohons Coiffy-le-Bas Coiffy-le-Haut Colmier-le-Bas Colmier-le-Haut Colombey-les-Deux-Églises Condes Consigny Coublanc Coupray Cour-l'Évêque Courcelles-en-Montagne Courcelles-sur-Blaise Culmont Curel Curmont Cusey Cuves Daillancourt Daillecourt Dammartin-sur-Meuse Dampierre Damrémont Dancevoir Darmannes Dinteville Domblain Dommarien Dommartin-le-Franc Dommartin-le-Saint-Père Domremy-Landéville Doncourt-sur-Meuse Donjeux Doulaincourt-Saucourt Doulevant-le-Château Doulevant-le-Petit Droyes Échenay Éclaron-Braucourt-Sainte-Livière Ecot-la-Combe Effincourt Enfonvelle Épizon Esnouveaux Euffigneix Eurville-Bienville Farincourt Faverolles Fayl-Billot Fays Ferrière-et-Lafolie Flagey Flammerécourt Fontaines-sur-Marne Forcey Foulain Frampas Frécourt Fresnes-sur-Apance Froncles Fronville Genevrières La Genevroye Germaines Germainvilliers Germay Germisay Giey-sur-Aujon Gillancourt Gillaumé Gilley Goncourt Graffigny-Chemin Grandchamp Grenant Gudmont-Villiers Guindrecourt-aux-Ormes Guindrecourt-sur-Blaise Guyonvelle Hâcourt Hallignicourt Harréville-les-Chanteurs Haute-Amance Heuilley-Cotton Heuilley-le-Grand Huilliécourt Humbécourt Humberville Humes-Jorquenay Illoud Is-en-Bassigny Isômes Joinville Jonchery Juzennecourt Lachapelle-en-Blaisy Lafauche Laferté-sur-Amance Laferté-sur-Aube Lamancine Lamothe-en-Blaisy Laneuvelle Laneuville-au-Pont Langres Lanques-sur-Rognon Lanty-sur-Aube Larivière-Arnoncourt Latrecey-Ormoy-sur-Aube Lavernoy Laville-aux-Bois Lavilleneuve Lecey Leffonds Leschères-sur-le-Blaiseron Leuchey Leurville Levécourt Lezéville Liffol-le-Petit Les Loges Longchamp Longeau-Percey Longeville-sur-la-Laines Louvemont Louvières Louze Luzy-sur-Marne Maâtz Magneux Maisoncelles Maizières Maizières-sur-Amance Malaincourt-sur-Meuse Mandres-la-Côte Manois Marac Maranville Marbéville Marcilly-en-Bassigny Mardor Mareilles Marnay-sur-Marne Mathons Melay Mennouveaux Merrey Mertrud Meures Millières Mirbel Moëslains Montcharvot Montheries Montier-en-Der Montot-sur-Rognon Montreuil-sur-Blaise Montreuil-sur-Thonnance Montsaugeon Morancourt Morionvilliers Mouilleron Mussey-sur-Marne Narcy Neuilly-l'Évêque Neuilly-sur-Suize Neuvelle-lès-Voisey Nijon Ninville Nogent Noidant-Chatenoy Noidant-le-Rocheux Nomécourt Noncourt-sur-le-Rongeant Noyers Nully Occey Orbigny-au-Mont Orbigny-au-Val Orcevaux Orges Ormancey Ormoy-lès-Sexfontaines Orquevaux Osne-le-Val Oudincourt Outremécourt Ozières Le Pailly Palaiseul Pancey Parnoy-en-Bassigny Paroy-sur-Saulx Pautaines-Augeville Peigney Perrancey-les-Vieux-Moulins Perrogney-les-Fontaines Perrusse Perthes Pierremont-sur-Amance Pisseloup Planrupt Plesnoy Poinsenot Poinson-lès-Fayl Poinson-lès-Grancey Poinson-lès-Nogent Poiseul Poissons Pont-la-Ville Poulangy Praslay Prauthoy Pressigny Prez-sous-Lafauche Puellemontier Rachecourt-sur-Marne Rachecourt-Suzémont Rançonnières Rangecourt Rennepont Reynel Riaucourt Richebourg Rimaucourt Rivière-les-Fosses Rivières-le-Bois Rizaucourt-Buchey Robert-Magny-Laneuville-à-Rémy Rochefort-sur-la-Côte Roches-Bettaincourt Roches-sur-Marne Rochetaillée Rolampont Romain-sur-Meuse Rouécourt Rouelles Rougeux Rouvres-sur-Aube Rouvroy-sur-Marne Rupt Sailly Saint-Blin Saint-Broingt-le-Bois Saint-Broingt-les-Fosses Saint-Ciergues Saint-Dizier Saint-Loup-sur-Aujon Saint-Martin-lès-Langres Saint-Maurice Saints-Geosmes Saint-Thiébault Saint-Urbain-Maconcourt Saint-Vallier-sur-Marne Sarcey Sarrey Saudron Saulles Savigny Semilly Semoutiers-Montsaon Serqueux Sexfontaines Signéville Silvarouvres Sommancourt Sommerécourt Sommevoire Soncourt-sur-Marne Soulaucourt-sur-Mouzon Soyers Suzannecourt Ternat Terre-Natale Thilleux Thivet Thol-lès-Millières Thonnance-lès-Joinville Thonnance-les-Moulins Torcenay Tornay Treix Trémilly Troisfontaines-la-Ville Vaillant Valcourt Val-de-Meuse Le Val-d'Esnoms Valleret Valleroy Vals-des-Tilles Vauxbons Vaudrecourt Vaudrémont Vaux-sous-Aubigny Vaux-sur-Blaise Vaux-sur-Saint-Urbain Vecqueville Velles Verbiesles Verseilles-le-Bas Verseilles-le-Haut Vesaignes-sous-Lafauche Vesaignes-sur-Marne Vesvres-sous-Chalancey Vicq Viéville Vignes-la-Côte Vignory Villars-en-Azois Villars-Santenoge Ville-en-Blaisois Villegusien-le-Lac Villiers-en-Lieu Villiers-lès-Aprey Villiers-le-Sec Villiers-sur-Suize Violot Vitry-en-Montagne Vitry-lès-Nogent Vivey Voillecomte Voisey Voisines Voncourt Vouécourt Vraincourt Vroncourt-la-Côte Wassy

Raoul Dufy^[p] (3 June 1877 – 23 March 1953) was a French Fauvist painter. He developed a colorful, decorative style that became fashionable for designs of ceramics and textiles, as well as decorative schemes for public buildings. He is noted for scenes of open-air social events. He was also a draftsman, printmaker, book illustrator, a theatrical set-dresser, a designer of furniture, and a planner of public spaces.

Biography[link]

Raoul Dufy was born into a large family at Le Havre, in Normandy. He left school at the age of fourteen to work in a coffee-importing company. In 1895, when he was 18, he started taking evening classes in art at Le Havre's École d'Art (municipal art school). The classes were taught by Charles Lhuillier, who had been, forty years earlier, a student of the remarkable French portrait-painter, Ingres. There, Dufy met Raymond Lecourt and Othon Friesz with whom he later shared a studio in Montmartre and to whom he remained a lifelong friend. During this period, Dufy painted mostly Norman landscapes in watercolors.

In 1900, after a year of military service, Dufy won a scholarship to the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where again he crossed paths with Othon Friesz. (He was there when Georges Braque also was studying.) He concentrated on improving his drawing skills. The impressionist landscape painters, such as Claude Monet and Camille Pissarro, influenced Dufy profoundly. His first exhibition (at the Exhibition of French Artists) took place in 1901. Introduced to Berthe Weill in 1902, Dufy showed his work in her gallery. Then he exhibited again in 1903 at the Salon des Independants. A boost to his confidence: the painter, Maurice Denis, bought one of his paintings. Dufy continued to paint, often in the vicinity of Le Havre, and, in particular, on the beach at Sainte-Adresse, made famous by Eugene Boudin and Claude Monet. In 1904, with his friend, Albert Marquet, he worked in Fecamp on the English Channel (La Manche).

Henri Matisse's Luxe, Calme et Volupté, which Dufy saw at the Salon des Indépendants in 1905, was a revelation to the young artist, and it directed his interests towards Fauvism. Les Fauves (the wild beasts) emphasized bright color and bold contours in their work. Dufy's painting reflected this aesthetic until about 1909, when contact with the work of Paul Cézanne led him to adopt a somewhat subtler technique. It was not until 1920, however, after he had flirted briefly with yet another style, cubism, that Dufy developed his own distinctive approach. It involved skeletal structures, arranged with foreshortened perspective, and the use of thin washes of color applied quickly, in a manner that came to be known as stenographic.

Dufy's cheerful oils and watercolors depict events of the time period, including yachting scenes, sparkling views of the French Riviera, chic parties, and musical events. The optimistic, fashionably decorative, and illustrative nature of much of his work has meant that his output has been less highly-valued critically than the works of artists who have addressed a wider range of social concerns.

Dufy completed one of the largest paintings ever contemplated, a huge and immensely popular ode to electricity, the fresco La Fée Electricité for the 1937 Exposition Internationale in Paris.

Dufy also acquired a reputation as an illustrator and as a commercial artist. He changed the face of local fashion and fabric design with his work for Paul Poiret. He painted murals for public buildings; he also produced a huge number of tapestries and ceramic designs. His plates appear in books by Guillaume Apollinaire, Stéphane Mallarmé, and André Gide.

In the late 1940s and early 1950s Dufy exhibited at the annual Salon des Tuileries in Paris. Dufy died at Forcalquier, France, on 23 March 1953, and he was buried near Matisse in the Cimiez Monastery Cemetery in Cimiez, a suburb of the city of Nice.

Work outside of painting[link]

In 1909, Raoul Dufy was commissioned by Paul Poiret to design stationery for the house, and after 1912^[1] designed textile patterns for Bianchini-Ferier used in Poiret's^[2] and Charvet's^[3] garments.

Works[link]

• Hommage à Mozart, (Web Gallery Private Art Collection)
• Le 14 juillet au Havre, rue pavoisée, (1906, Web Gallery Private Art Collection)
• French modern art exhibition 1939 treasure 3 National Library of Latvia displayed via The European Library
• Works by Raoul Dufy (public domain in Canada)

Notes[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Raoul Dufy

Art portal Related navpages: {{Post-Impressionism}}   {{Avant-garde}} {{Western art movements}}