A carol is a festive song, generally religious but not necessarily connected with church worship, and often with a dance-like or popular character.

Today the carol is represented almost exclusively by the Christmas carol, the Advent carol, and to a much lesser extent by the Easter carol; however, despite their present association with religion, this has not always been the case.

History[link]

	Coventry Carol The Coventry Carol, performed by the U.S. Army Band Chorus.
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The word carol is derived from the Old French word carole, a circle dance accompanied by singers (in turn derived from the Latin choraula). Carols were very popular as dance songs from the 1150s to the 1350s, after which their use expanded as processional songs sung during festivals, while others were written to accompany religious mystery plays (such as the Coventry Carol, written in 1591).^[1]

Following the Protestant Reformation (and the banning of many religious festivities during the British Puritan Interregnum), carols went into a decline due to Calvinist aversion to "nonessential" things associated with Roman Catholicism. However, composers such as William Byrd composed motet-like works for Christmas that they termed carols; and folk-carols continued to be sung in rural areas. Nonetheless, some famous carols were written in this period, including 'The Holly and the Ivy' and they were more strongly revived from the nineteenth century and began to be written and adapted by eminent composers.^[2]

In modern times, songs that may once have been regarded as carols are now classified as songs (especially Christmas songs), even those that retain the traditional attributes of a carol - celebrating a seasonal topic, alternating verses and chorus, and danceable music.

Some writers of carols, such as George Ratcliffe Woodward who wrote Ding Dong Merrily on High and William Morris who wrote Masters in this Hall, reverted to a quasi-mediaeval style; this became a feature of the early twentieth century revival in Christmas Carols.

Some composers have written extended works based on carols. Examples include Benjamin Britten (A Ceremony of Carols), Ralph Vaughan Williams (Fantasia on Christmas Carols) and Victor Hely-Hutchinson (Carol Symphony).

Notes[link]

Bibliography[link]

Important anthologies of carols include:

• The Carol Book ed. David Iliff and John Barnard, published RSCM (2005)
• Carols for Choirs ed. David Willcocks, Reginald Jacques and John Rutter (1961-1988)
• Christmas Carols New and Old ed. H. R. Bramley and John Stainer (1871)
• "The Cowley Carol Book" ed. George Ratcliffe Woodward (1901-19)
• The New Oxford Book of Carols ed. Hugh Keyte and Andrew Parrott (1992)
• The Oxford Book of Carols ed. Percy Dearmer, Martin Shaw and Ralph Vaughan Williams (1928)
• The Penguin Book of Carols ed. Ian Bradley (1999)
• The University Carol Book ed. Erik Routley (1961}

See also[link]

• Cancionero de Upsala
• Carols by Candlelight
• Christmas carol
• Medieval dance
• Noël
• Piae Cantiones
• Trick or treat
• Villancico
• Wassailing

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Look up Carol or carol in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Carol may refer to:

• Carol, a female or male name, see Carl
• Carol (music), a festive song
  • Christmas carol, carols sung at Christmas
• Carol (music/name) To Carola Häggkvist
• Carol (anime), an anime OVA featuring character designs by Yun Kouga
• Carol (novel), a novel by Patricia Highsmith
• Hurricane Carol, a 1954 tropical cyclone
• Mazda Carol, a kei car automobile
• Carol, a Japanese rock band that Eikichi Yazawa once belonged to
• "Carol" (song), a rock 'n roll song written and recorded by Chuck Berry in 1958
• Carol (Chara album), 2009
• Carol (Carol Banawa album), 1997

People[link]

• Carol I of Romania (1839–1914), king of Romania
• Carol II of Romania (1893–1953), king of Romania

Fictional characters[link]

• Carol!, a character on Saturday Night Live
• Carol (Dilbert), a character in Dilbert
• Carol Martin, a character in The Brady Bunch
• Carol (Tomorrow People), a character in the 1970s science fiction series The Tomorrow People
• Carol Anne Freeling is the main character in all three Poltergeist films from the 1980s

See also[link]

• All pages beginning with "Carol" for people with the given name Carol
• Carola (disambiguation)
• Carol City, Florida, part of the South Florida metropolitan area
• Carrols (disambiguation)
• Oh Carol (disambiguation)
• CAROL is a Roland short-range air defence missile system.

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. No cleanup reason has been specified. Please help improve this article if you can; the talk page may contain suggestions. (November 2011)

Sander van Doorn (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsɑn.dər vɑn ˈdoːrn]) (born Sander Ketelaars [Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsɑn.dər ˈkeː.tə.ˌlaːrs]] on 28 February 1979 in Eindhoven, Noord-Brabant, Netherlands) is a Dutch Trance music DJ and producer. He is listed at DJMag's top 100 djs list, debuting at #32 in 2006, then moving up to #13 in 2008, being #10 in 2009, down to #12 in 2010, and currently listed as #16 DJ in the world.^[1] Another dance music poll, TranceAddict TOP 250 shows Sander at #4 in their 2011 rankings.^[2]

Sander hosts Identity podcast, which is broadcast as a weekly radio show on Area channel of Sirius XM satellite radio. The show is broadcast every Friday at 8 pm ET and replays every Saturday at 5 pm ET and Wednesdays at 6 pm ET.

The first big achievement in his career was securing residencies at Judgement Sunday in Ibiza and at the Gallery in London. Sander has DJ'ed at many major clubs, parties and venues around the world. In June 2007 he presented one of Eddie Halliwell's shows on BBC Radio One. He also did an essential mix for BBC Radio One in June 2006, the same month he won 'Best New Producer' at the Trance Awards. His productions, both original work and remixes, in 2007-2008 have generally been well received in the electronic music industry. Notable artists he has done remixes for include Robbie Rivera, Matt Darey, Randy Katana, Mode Hookers (Steve Angello & Sebastian Ingrosso), Blank & Jones, TDR, Armin van Buuren.

On 3 March 2008 Sander released his first artist album under the record label Spinnin' Records. The album was titled 'Supernaturalistic'. It is a 13 track album with a variation of tracks with a base in trance but all with their own take on the genre.

March 2008 saw Sander win an award for 'Best Breakthrough DJ' in the International Dance Music Awards at the Miami Winter Music Conference in 2008 (beating the likes of Calvin Harris, Deadmau5 and Axwell). His track "Riff" also received a nomination as the best "Underground Track".^[3]

In the summer of 2010 Sander had residency at the world famous Amnesia nightclub in Ibiza, Spain. On Tuesday of every month Sander was going behind the decks with the likes of such super star DJs as Armin van Buuren, Markus Schulz and Gareth Emery.

2010 was a very busy year for Sander both in the studio and on the global dance floor. Sander's "Renegade" track was the official anthem of the biggest trance party in the world - Trance Energy 2010 in the Netherlands, where he played on the Main Stage. He also did the official cd compilation for Trance Energy 2010.

Sander headlined a lot of music festivals with Bal en Blanc 16 in Montreal, Beyond Wonderland in San Bernardino, Electric Zoo in New York and Transmission in Prague just to name a few. A month long tour of North America, which started in April was a great success with the finale "Dusk Till Doorn" show at The Guvernment in Toronto.

In August 2010, Sander released his double cd compilation "Dusk Till Doorn" with big launch party at Avalon nightclub in Las Vegas, where Sander played an extended 5 hours set. Sander already brought his "Dusk Till Doorn" show to many nightclubs around the world and the list keeps on growing.

Just like in 2009, all of Sander's tracks produced in 2010 including "Renegade", "Daisy", "Reach Out", "Hymn 2.0" and "Daddyrock" went to the top of trance chart at Beatport music portal.

2011 has been another mile-stone year for Sander. In between huge headlining gigs at Energy, Mysteryland, EDC and his residency at worldwide Sensation festivals, he released his first true cross-over hits 'Love is darkness' and 'Koko'. Besides that, his Dusk till Doorn compilation got its 2011 version, all of which earned him a Dutch Silver Harp award.

Discography[link]

This article or section contains a list of works that does not follow the Manual of Style for lists of works (often, though not always, due to being in reverse-chronological order) and may need cleanup.

Albums[link]

• Supernaturalistic (2008)
• Eleve11 (September 19, 2011)

DJ mixes[link]

• 2006 Dance Valley Festival 2006
• 2006 I-D Digital Mix
• 2007 Fast And Furious
• 2010 From Dusk Till Doorn
• 2011 Dusk Till Doorn

Singles & EPs[link]

• 2004 Twister (RR, as Sam Sharp)
• 2004 Loaded (Oxygen)
• 2004 Punk'd (Oxygen)
• 2004 Dark Roast (Oxygen)
• 2004 Deep / In-Deep (Reset, as Sam Sharp)
• 2004 Theme Song (Liquid, as Sandler)
• 2005 Chemistry EP (Liquid, as Sandler)
• 2005 Bling Bling (Oxygen)
• 2005 ERROR (Reset, as Sam Sharp)
• 2005 Adrenaline / Push Off Me (Oxygen, as Purple Haze)
• 2005 A.K.A (Oxygen)
• 2005 S.O.S. (Message In A Bottle) (Whitelabel, as Filterfunk)
• 2005 Hoover:Craft (Reset, as Sam Sharp)
• 2006 Eden / Rush (Oxygen, as Purple Haze)
• 2006 Pumpkin (Oxygen)
• 2007 Grasshopper/ Grass-Hopper (Oxygen)
• 2007 By Any Demand feat MC Pryme (Spinnin)
• 2007 King of My Castle (Sander van Doorn Remix)(Spinnin)
• 2007 Riff (DOORN)
• 2008 The Bass (Nebula/EMI)
• 2008 Apple
• 2008 Sushi
• 2008 Organic (with Marco V)
• 2009 Close My Eyes (with Robbie Williams and Pet Shop Boys) (Nebula)
• 2009 Roundabout (as Sam Sharp)
• 2009 What Say (with Marco V)
• 2009 Bastillion
• 2009 Bliksem (as Purple Haze)
• 2009 Ninety
• 2010 Renegade
• 2010 Daisy
• 2010 Reach Out
• 2010 Hymn 2.0 (as Purple Haze)
• 2010 Daddyrock
• 2010 Season (as Sandler, from 2004)
• 2010 Intro (XX Booty Mix)
• 2011 Love Is Darkness (with Carol Lee)
• 2011 Koko
• 2011 Timezone (as Purple Haze with Frederick)
• 2011 Drink To Get Drunk
• 2011 Who's Wearing The Cap (Laidback Luke vs. Sander van Doorn)
• 2011 What Did I Do (Kele vs. Sander van Doorn feat. Lucy Taylor)
• 2012 Chasin'
• 2012 Nothing Inside (featuring Mayaeni)

Remixes[link]

• 2004 Code 1 - House Music (SvD Dub)
• 2004 Sander van Doorn - Dark Roast (S.V.D. Remix)
• 2005 Manny Romero - Compadre (S.v.D. Remix)
• 2005 TDR - Squelch (Sander Van Doorn Remix)
• 2005 FilterFunk - S.O.S. (Message In A Bottle) (Sander van Doorn Remix)
• 2006 Armin van Buuren - Control Freak (Sander van Doorn Remix)
• 2006 Mohamed Sehly - Amazing Beat (SVD Without Going Cairo Remix)
• 2006 Tiësto - Dance4Life (Sander Van Doorn Remix)
• 2006 Club Scene Investigators - Direct Dizko (Sander Van Doorn Remix)
• 2006 Technotronic - Pump Up The Jam (Sander Van Doorn Remix)
• 2006 Sander van Doorn - Pumpkin (SvD Remix)
• 2006 Mode Hookers - Breathe (Sander van Doorn Remix)
• 2006 Yello - Oh Yeah (Sander van Doorn Remix)
• 2006 Filterfunk - S.O.S. (Message In A Bottle) [Sander van Doorn Mix]
• 2007 Wamdue Project - King Of My Castle (Sander van Doorn Vocal Mix)
• 2007 Gleave - Come With Me (SVD Stripped Edit)
• 2007 Arctic Monkeys - When The Sun Goes Down (Sander van Doorn Remix)
• 2008 Sia - The Girl You Lost To Cocaine (Sander van Doorn Remix)
• 2008 One Republic - Apologize (Sander van Doorn Bootleg)
• 2009 Sam Sharp - Roundabout (Sander van Doorn Main Mix)
• 2009 The Killers - Spaceman (Sander van Doorn Remix) Part 1
• 2009 The Killers - Spaceman (Sander van Doorn Remix) Part 2
• 2009 Depeche Mode - Peace (Sander van Doorn Remix)
• 2010 Swedish House Mafia - Miami 2 Ibiza (Sander van Doorn Remix)
• 2011 Lady GaGa - Marry the Night (Sander van Doorn Remix)
• 2012 DJ Daaar - Welcome To 2012 You Female Dog (Daaar & SvD Rework) [feat.Ballsack Boy]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• SVD TV
• Sander van Doorn on Myspace
• Sander van Doorn discography at Discogs
• Sander van Doorn discography at MusicBrainz
• Sander van Doorn at Allmusic
• (French) Interview Sander van Doorn - Actualites Electroniques
• (English) Interview Sander van Doorn - Actualites Electroniques

Carol Burnett
At the White House in 2005
Born	Carol Creighton Burnett (1933-04-26) April 26, 1933 (age 79) San Antonio, Texas, U.S.
Occupation	Actress, comedian, singer, dancer, writer
Years active	1955–present
Spouse	Don Saroyan (m. 1955–1962) «start: (1955)–end+1: (1963)»"Marriage: Don Saroyan to Carol Burnett" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Carol_Burnett) Joe Hamilton (m. 1963–1984) «start: (1963)–end+1: (1985)»"Marriage: Joe Hamilton to Carol Burnett" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Carol_Burnett) Brian Miller (m. 2001) «start: (2001)»"Marriage: Brian Miller to Carol Burnett" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Carol_Burnett)
Children	Carrie Hamilton Jody Hamilton Erin Hamilton

Carol Creighton Burnett (born April 26, 1933) is an American actress, comedian, singer, dancer and writer. Burnett started her career in New York. After becoming a hit on Broadway, she made her television debut. After successful appearances on The Garry Moore Show, Burnett moved to Los Angeles and began an eleven-year run on The Carol Burnett Show which was aired on CBS television from 1967 to 1978. With roots in vaudeville, The Carol Burnett Show was a variety show which combined comedy sketches, song, and dance. The comedy sketches included film parodies and character pieces. Burnett created many characters during the show's television run.

Early life[link]

Carol and Chrissy on Person to Person, 1961.

Burnett was born in San Antonio, Texas, the daughter of Ina Louise (née Creighton), a publicity writer for movie studios, and Joseph Thomas Burnett, a movie theater manager.^[1][2] Both of her parents suffered from alcoholism, and at a young age she was left with her grandmother, Mabel Eudora White. Her parents divorced in the late 1930s, and Burnett and her grandmother moved to an apartment near her mother’s in an impoverished area of Hollywood. There, they stayed in a boarding house with her younger half-sister Chrissy.^[3]

When Burnett was in the second grade, she briefly invented an imaginary twin sister named Karen, with Shirley Temple-like dimples. Motivated to further the pretense, Burnett recalled fondly that she "fooled the other boarders in the rooming house where we lived by frantically switching clothes and dashing in and out of the house by the fire escape and the front door. Then I became exhausted and Karen mysteriously vanished."^[4]

For a while, she worked as an usherette at what is now the Hollywood Pacific Theatre (the forecourt of which is now the location of her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame; see the section in the theatre's article for more information). After graduating from Hollywood High School in 1951, Burnett won a scholarship to UCLA, where she initially planned on studying journalism. During her first year of college, Burnett switched her focus to theater arts and English, with the goal of becoming a playwright. She found she had to take an acting course to enter the playwright program; "I wasn't really ready to do the acting thing, but I had no choice."^[5] She followed a sudden impulse in her first performance; "Don't ask me why, but when we were in front of the audience, I suddenly decided I was going to stretch out all my words and my first line came out 'I'm baaaaaaaack!'"^[5] The audience response moved her deeply:

They laughed and it felt great. All of a sudden, after so much coldness and emptiness in my life, I knew the sensation of all that warmth wrapping around me. I had always been a quiet, shy, sad sort of girl and then everything changed for me. You spend the rest of your life hoping you'll hear a laugh that great again.^[5]

During this time, Burnett performed in several university productions, garnering recognition for her comedic and musical abilities. Her mother disapproved of her acting ambitions:

She wanted me to be a writer. She said you can always write, no matter what you look like. When I was growing up she told me to be a little lady, and a couple of times I got a whack for crossing my eyes or making funny faces. Of course, she never, I never, dreamed I would ever perform.^[4]

The young Burnett, always insecure about her looks, described her reaction to her mother's advice of "You can always write, no matter what you look like", in her 1986 memoir One More Time: "God, that hurt!"

In 1954, during her junior year, a professor invited Burnett and some other students to perform at a black-tie party. A man and his wife approached her afterward, as she was putting cookies in her purse to take home to her grandmother.^[6] Instead of reprimanding her, the man complimented Burnett's performance and asked about her future plans. When he discovered that she wanted to go try her luck with musical comedy in New York, but did not have enough money, he offered her^[6] and her boyfriend Don Saroyan each a $1000 interest-free loan on the spot. The conditions were that it was to be paid back in five years, his name was never to be revealed, and if she became a success, she would help others attain their dreams.^[6] Burnett took him up on his offer. She and Saroyan left college and moved to New York to pursue acting careers. That same year, Burnett's father died of causes related to his alcoholism.

Career[link]

Early career[link]

After spending her first year in New York working as a hat-check girl and failing to land acting jobs, Burnett along with other girls living at The Rehearsal Club, a boarding house for women seriously pursuing an acting career, put on The Rehearsal Club Revue on March 3, 1955. They mailed invitations to agents, who showed up along with stars like Celeste Holm and Marlene Dietrich, and this opened doors for several of the girls. Burnett was cast in a minor role on The Paul Winchell and Jerry Mahoney Show in 1955. She played the girlfriend of a ventriloquist’s dummy on the popular children’s program. This role led to her starring role opposite Buddy Hackett in the short-lived sitcom Stanley from 1956 to 1957.

After Stanley, Burnett found herself unemployed for a short time. She eventually bounced back a few months later as a highly popular performer on the New York circuit of cabarets and night clubs, most notably for a hit parody number called "I Made a Fool of Myself Over John Foster Dulles" (Dulles was Secretary of State at the time). In 1957, Burnett performed this number on both The Tonight Show, hosted by Jack Paar, and The Ed Sullivan Show. Burnett also worked as a regular on one of television's earliest game shows, Pantomime Quiz, during this time. In 1957, just as Burnett was achieving her first small successes, her mother died.

Burnett and Larry Blyden from The Garry Moore Show, 1960.

Burnett's first true taste of success came with her appearance on Broadway in the 1959 musical Once Upon a Mattress. The same year, she became a regular player on The Garry Moore Show, a job that lasted until 1962. She won an Emmy^[7] that year for her "Outstanding Performance in a Variety or Musical Program or Series" on the show. Burnett portrayed a number of characters, most memorably the put-upon cleaning woman who would later become her signature alter-ego. With her success on the Moore show, Burnett finally rose to headliner status and appeared in the 1962 special Julie and Carol at Carnegie Hall, co-starring her friend Julie Andrews. The show was produced by Bob Banner, directed by Joe Hamilton, and written by Mike Nichols and Ken Welch.^[8] Julie and Carol at Carnegie Hall won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Program Achievement in the Field of Music. Burnett also guest-starred on a number of shows during this time, including The Twilight Zone episode "Cavender is Coming" and a recurring role as a tough female Corporal, later Gunnery Sergeant in Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C.. Burnett became good friends with the latter show's star, Jim Nabors, who would later be her first guest every season on her variety show.^[9]

In 1963, Lucille Ball became a friend and mentor to Burnett, and after having the younger performer guest star on The Lucy Show a number of times, Ball reportedly offered Burnett her own sitcom called "Here's Agnes", to be produced by Desilu Productions. Burnett declined the offer, however, deciding instead to put together a variety show. The two remained close friends until Ball's death in 1989. Ball sent flowers every year on her birthday. When Burnett awoke on the day of her 56th birthday in 1989, she discovered via the morning news that Ball had died. Later that afternoon, flowers arrived at Burnett's house with the note "Happy Birthday, Kid. Love, Lucy."^[10]

In 1964, Burnett was cast opposite Caterina Valente and Bob Newhart on the variety show The Entertainers which ran for only one season. She also starred in the Broadway musical Fade Out - Fade In, but was forced to quit after sustaining a neck injury in a taxi accident. The show’s producers sued the actress for breach of contract, but the suit was later dropped.

[edit] The Carol Burnett Show

The hour-long Carol Burnett Show, which debuted in 1967, garnered 23 Emmy Awards and won or was nominated for multiple Emmy Awards every season it was on the air. Its ensemble cast included Tim Conway (who was a guest player until the ninth season),^[11] Harvey Korman, Lyle Waggoner, and the teenaged Vicki Lawrence (who was cast partly because she looked like a younger Burnett). The network did not want her to do a variety show because they believed only men could be successful at variety, but Burnett's contract required that they give her one season of whatever kind of show she wanted to make.^[12] She chose to carry on the tradition of past variety show successes.

A true variety show, The Carol Burnett Show struck a chord with viewers. Among other things, it parodied films ("Went With the Wind" for Gone With the Wind), television ("As the Stomach Turns" for the soap opera As the World Turns) and commercials. Musical numbers were also a frequent feature. Burnett and her team struck gold with the original skit "The Family", which eventually was spun off into its own television show called Mama's Family, starring Vicki Lawrence.

Burnett opened most shows with an impromptu question and answer session with the audience, lasting a few minutes, during which she often demonstrated her ability to humorously ad lib. On numerous occasions, she obliged when asked to perform her trademark^[13] Tarzan yell.

Burnett ended each show by tugging her ear, which was a message to her grandmother who had raised her. This was done to let her know that she was doing well and that she loved her. During the show's run, Burnett's grandmother died. On an Intimate Portrait episode on Burnett, she tearfully recalled her grandmother's last moments: "She said to my husband Joe from her hospital bed 'Joe, you see that spider up there?' There was no spider, but Joe said he did anyhow. She said 'Every few minutes a big spider jumps on that little spider and they go at it like RABBITS!!' And then she died. There's laughter in everything!"^[14] Burnett continued the tradition of tugging her ear.

The Carol Burnett Show ceased production in 1978, and is generally regarded as the last successful major network prime-time variety show.^{[citation needed]} It continues to have success in syndicated reruns.

Other roles[link]

Burnett starred in a few films while her variety show was running, including Pete 'n' Tillie (1972). After the show ended, Burnett assumed a number of roles that departed from comedy. She appeared in several dramatic roles, most notably in the television movie Friendly Fire. She appeared as Beatrice O'Reilly in the film Life of The Party: The Story of Beatrice, a story about a woman fighting her alcoholism. Her other film work includes The Four Seasons, Annie, and Noises Off. She also returned to star in a different role as Queen Aggravain in the movie version of Once Upon a Mattress.

Burnett also made occasional returns to the stage: in 1974, she appeared at The Muny Theater in St. Louis, Missouri, in I Do! I Do! with Rock Hudson and eleven years later, she took the supporting role of Carlotta Campion in the 1985 concert performance of Stephen Sondheim's Follies.

Burnett made frequent appearances as a panelist on the game show Password, an association she maintained until the early 1980s. She was also the first celebrity to appear on the children's series Sesame Street, on that series' first episode on November 10, 1969.^[15]

In the 1980s and 1990s, Burnett made several attempts at starting a new variety program. She also appeared briefly on The Carol Burnett Show's "The Family" sketches spinoff, Mama's Family, as her stormy character, Eunice Higgins. She played the matriarch in the cult comedy miniseries Fresno, which parodied the primetime soap opera Falcon Crest. She returned to TV in the mid-1990s as a supporting character on the sitcom Mad About You, playing Theresa Stemple, the mother of main character Jamie Buchman (Helen Hunt).

Burnett has long been a fan of the soap opera All My Children. She realized a dream when Agnes Nixon created the role of Verla Grubbs for her. Burnett suddenly found herself playing the long-lost daughter of Langley Wallingford (Louis Edmonds) and causing trouble for her stepmother Phoebe Tyler-Wallingford (Ruth Warrick). She hosted a 25th anniversary special about the show in 1995 and made a brief cameo appearance as Verla Grubbs on the January 5, 2005, episode which celebrated the show's 35th anniversary. Burnett reprised her role as Grubbs in September 2011 as part of the series' finale.

In 2008, Burnett had her second role as an animated character, in Horton Hears a Who!. Her first was in The Trumpet of the Swan. In 2009, she made a guest appearance on the Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, for which she was nominated for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series. In November 2010, she guest starred on an episode of Glee as the mother of cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester.^[16]

Burnett was open to her fans, never refusing to give an autograph, and had limited patience for "Those who've made it, then complain about loss of privacy."^[4]

Personal life[link]

The first house Burnett lived in was the Beverly Hills house formerly owned by Harry James and Betty Grable. Growing up in rented rooms, an actual house was "a luxury", as "A Murphy bed was [her] idea of spacious."^[4]

She married Don Saroyan on December 15, 1955; the couple divorced in 1962. On May 4, 1963, Burnett married TV producer Joe Hamilton, a divorced father of eight, with whom she had three daughters: actress and writer Carrie Hamilton, Jody Hamilton, and singer Erin Hamilton. The marriage ended in divorce in 1984, and Joe Hamilton later died of cancer (1991). On November 24, 2001, Burnett married Brian Miller (principal drummer in and contractor of the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra), who is twenty-three years her junior.

In January 2002, Carrie Hamilton died of lung and brain cancer at the age of 38. She had become addicted to drugs as a teenager. Burnett and Carrie wrote a play together called Hollywood Arms, which was adapted from Burnett's bestselling memoir, One More Time. The Broadway production featured Linda Lavin as Burnett's character's beloved grandmother, and Michele Pawk as the mother, Louise. Pawk went on to receive the 2003 Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play.

Since the '60s, Burnett's been best friends with Julie Andrews. Carol is the godmother of Julie's first child Emma Walton Hamilton.

Lawsuits[link]

Burnett drew attention in 1981 when she sued the tabloid newspaper National Enquirer for libel after the Enquirer described her alleged public drunkenness, purportedly with Henry Kissinger. Carol was particularly sensitive to the accusations because of her parents' own alcoholism. The case, Carol Burnett v. National Enquirer, Inc., was a landmark for libel cases involving celebrities, although the unprecedented $1.6 million verdict for Burnett was reduced to about $800,000 on appeal. She donated a portion of that award to the University of Hawaii and University of California at Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism, saying she hoped the suit would teach aspiring journalists the dangers of defaming individuals in articles. The money was used to fund Law and Ethics courses at the school. Burnett said at the time that she didn't care if she just won "cab fare", and that the lawsuit was a matter of principle.

In March 2007, she sued 20th Century Fox for copyright infringement, trademark violation, statutory violation of right of privacy, and misappropriation of name and likeness over the use of an altered version of her signature closing song and the portrayal of her cleaning lady character "charwoman" in an episode of Family Guy.^[17] On May 26, 2007, the lawsuit was dismissed by a Los Angeles federal judge.^[18] The judge used Hustler Magazine v. Falwell as the general basis for the decision.^[19]

Awards and recognition[link]

Emmy Awards[link]

Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6439 Hollywood Blvd. in front of the Hollywood Pacific Theatre (below), where she was once fired from a job as an usherette. At the time, it was known as the Warner Hollywood Theatre.

• 1962 – Outstanding Performance in a Variety or Musical Program or Series, The Garry Moore Show
• 1963 – Outstanding Performance in a Variety or Musical Program or Series, Julie and Carol at Carnegie Hall and An Evening with Carol Burnett
• 1969, 1970, 1971 – Nominated for Outstanding Variety or Musical Series, The Carol Burnett Show
• 1972 – Outstanding Variety Series – Musical, The Carol Burnett Show, shared with Joe Hamilton (executive producer) and Arnie Rosen (producer)
• 1972 – Nominated for Outstanding Single Program – Variety or Musical – Variety and Popular Music, Julie and Carol at Lincoln Center
• 1973 – Nominated for Outstanding Variety Musical Series, The Carol Burnett Show, with Joe Hamilton (executive producer), and Bill Angelos, Buz Kohan, and Arnie Rosen (producers)
• 1974 – Outstanding Music-Variety Series, The Carol Burnett Show, with Joe Hamilton (executive producer) and Ed Simmons (producer)
• 1974 – Nominated for Best Lead Actress in a Drama, 6 Rms Riv Vu
• 1975 – Outstanding Comedy-Variety or Music Series, The Carol Burnett Show, with Joe Hamilton (executive producer) and Ed Simmons (producer)
• 1976, 1977, 1978 – Nominated for Outstanding Comedy-Variety or Music Series, The Carol Burnett Show, with Joe Hamilton (executive producer) and Ed Simmons (producer)
• 1977 – Nominated for Outstanding Special – Comedy-Variety or Music, Sills and Burnett at the Met, with Beverly Sills and Joe Hamilton (producer)
• 1979 – Nominated for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or a Special, Friendly Fire
• 1983 – Nominated for Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program, Texaco Star Theater: Opening Night
• 1993 – Nominated for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series, The Larry Sanders Show
• 1995 – Nominated for Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program, Men, Movies & Carol
• 1997 – Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series, Mad About You
• 1998 – Nominated for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series, Mad About You
• 2002 – Nominated for Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Special, Carol Burnett: Show Stoppers, with John Hamilton and Rick Hawkins (executive producers), Jody Hamilton and Mary Jo Blue (producers)
• 2009 – Nominated for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit

Golden Globe Awards[link]

• 1968 – Best TV Star – Female, The Carol Burnett Show
• 1970, 1972, 1977, 1978 – Best TV Actress – Musical/Comedy, The Carol Burnett Show
• 1971, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1979 – Nominated for Best TV Actress – Musical/Comedy, The Carol Burnett Show
• 1973 – Nominated for Best Motion Picture Actress – Musical/Comedy, Pete 'n' Tillie
• 1979 – Nominated for Best Motion Picture Actress in a Supporting Role, A Wedding
• 1982 – Nominated for Best Motion Picture Actress – Comedy/Musical, The Four Seasons
• 1983 – Nominated for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Comedy/Musical, Annie
• 1983 – Nominated for Best Performance by an Actress in a Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for TV, Life of the Party: The Story of Beatrice
• 1991 – Nominated for Best Performance by an Actress in a TV-Series – Comedy/Musical, Carol & Company

Other[link]

• Burnett received a Peabody Award in 1962.
• She was awarded the Women in Film Crystal Award in 1980.^[20]
• In 1997, she was awarded the Women in Film Lucy Award in recognition of her excellence and innovation in her creative works that have enhanced the perception of women through the medium of television.^[21]
• She was a recipient of the 2003 Kennedy Center Honors.
• President George W. Bush awarded Burnett the Presidential Medal of Freedom on November 9, 2005.^[22]
• She was named the Grand Marshal of the 109th Rose Parade and the 84th Rose Bowl Game on New Year's Day in 1998.
• She was the first honoree and presenter at second annual awards ceremony of the Back Stage West Garland Awards in 1999
• On December 1, 2009, she was inducted into the California Hall of Fame at The California Museum for History, Women and the Arts.
• Burnett was presented a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame located at 6439 Hollywood Blvd., in front of the Hollywood Pacific Theatre where she worked as an usher in 1957.

Work[link]

Television[link]

• The Paul Winchell and Jerry Mahoney Show (regular in 1955)
• Stanley (1956–1957)
• Omnibus (October 1956)
• The Garry Moore Show (regular from 1959–1962)
• Julie and Carol at Carnegie Hall (1962)
• The Twilight Zone (played Agnes Grep in episode "Cavender Is Coming" – 1962)
• An Evening with Carol Burnett (1963)
• Calamity Jane (1963)
• Once Upon a Mattress (1964)
• The Entertainers (1964–1965)
• The Lucy Show (special guest star-4 episodes-1966)
• Carol + 2 (1967)
• Get Smart (1967) as "Ozark" Annie Jones in Season 3 episode "One Of Our Olives Is Missing"
• The Carol Burnett Show (1967–1978)
• The Carol Burnett Show in London (1970)
• Julie and Carol at Lincoln Center (1971)
• Sesame Street (1971) giving a lecture about noses
• Once Upon a Mattress (1972)
• 6 Rms Riv Vu (1974)
• Out to Lunch (1974)
• Twigs (1975)
• Cher (1975)
• Sills and Burnett at the Met (1976)
• All My Children (cast member: 1976, 1983, 1995, 2005, and 2011)
• Dolly and Carol in Nashville (1978)
• The Grass Is Always Greener over the Septic Tank (1978)
• Friendly Fire (1979)
• Carol Burnett & Company (1979)
• The Tenth Month (1979)
• The Muppet Show (1980) (Guest star Season 5, Episode 15)
• Eunice (1982) (teleplay based on the Family sketches separate from Mama's Family)
• Life of the Party: The Story of Beatrice (1982)
• Between Friends (1983)
• Mama's Family (cast member from 1983 to 1985)
• Burnett Discovers Domingo (1984)
• Magnum, P.I. (1984 and 1988 as Susan Johnson)
• The Laundromat (1985)
• Follies in Concert (1986)
• Fresno (1986) (miniseries)
• Plaza Suite (1987) (also executive producer)
• Carol, Carl, Whoopi and Robin (1987)
• Fame (1987) – episode Reggie and Rose (with Carrie Hamilton), broadcast April 27, 1987
• Hostage (1988)
• Julie & Carol: Together Again (1989)
• Carol & Company (1990) (canceled after one and a half seasons)
• The Carol Burnett Show (1991) (canceled after two months)
• The Larry Sanders Show (1992) - episode The Spider Episode
• The Carol Burnett Show: A Reunion (1993)
• Carol Burnett: The Special Years (1994)
• Seasons of the Heart (1994)
• Men, Movies & Carol (1994)
• Mad About You (Theresa Stemple, 1996–1999)
• Touched by an Angel (1997) – episode The Comeback (with Carrie Hamilton), broadcast November 23, 1997
• The Marriage Fool (1998)
• Putting It Together (2000)
• Carol Burnett: Show Stoppers (2001) (also executive producer)
• The Carol Burnett Show: Let's Bump Up the Lights (2004) (also executive producer)
• Once Upon a Mattress (2005) (also executive producer)
• Desperate Housewives (2006) (guest starring role as Eleanor Mason)
• American Masters Tribute to Carol Burnett (2007)
• Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (2009) (Emmy award-nominated guest appearance^[6])
• The Bonnie Hunt Show (2010) (Special guest)
• Glee (2010) (Special guest star)^[16]
• Conan (2012)

Filmography[link]

• Who's Been Sleeping in My Bed? (1963)
• Rowan & Martin at the Movies (1968) (short subject)
• Star Spangled Salesman (1968) (short subject)
• Pete 'n' Tillie (1972)
• The Front Page (1974)
• A Wedding (1978)
• Health (1980)
• The Four Seasons (1981)
• Chu Chu and the Philly Flash (1981)
• Annie (1982)
• Noises Off (1992)
• Moon Over Broadway (1997) (documentary)
• Get Bruce (1999) (documentary)
• The Trumpet of the Swan (2001) (voice)
• Broadway: The Golden Age, by the Legends Who Were There (2004) (documentary)
• Once Upon a Mattress (2005)
• Horton Hears a Who! (2008) (voice)
• Post Grad (2009)
• The Secret World of Arrietty (2012) (voice)

Stage[link]

• Once Upon a Mattress (1959)
• Fade Out - Fade In (1964)
• Moon Over Buffalo (1995)
• Putting It Together (1999)

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Carol Burnett

• Carol Burnett at the Internet Movie Database
• Carol Burnett at AllRovi
• The Carol Burnett Show
• Interview by Terry Gross
• Carol Burnett news on Topix.net
• John Foster Dulles song
• Once Upon A Mattress debut sketch
• Carol Burnett, The Ed Sullivan Show
• Carol Burnett at Emmys.com

This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (August 2011)

Vicki Lawrence
Vicki Lawrence Schultz, 2009
Born	Vicki Ann Axelrad (1949-03-26) March 26, 1949 (age 63) Inglewood, California
Occupation	Actress, comedian, singer
Years active	1967–present
Spouse	Bobby Russell (June 1972-1974; divorced) Al Schultz (November 16, 1974-present)

Vicki Lawrence (born Vicki Ann Axelrad, March 26, 1949, Inglewood, California) is an American actress, comedienne, and Billboard Hot 100 #1 singer, who was frequently a game show panelist in the 1970s and 1980s. She is best known for her co-starring role on The Carol Burnett Show, alongside Carol Burnett, from 1967 to 1978, and as the sharp-tongued matriarch, Thelma Harper (the main character on Mama's Family, airing from 1983 to 1990, which was spun off from The Carol Burnett Show's The Family sketches). As a singer she recorded The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia that made #1 on the US chart as well as in Canada. She is credited with co-authoring two books and has also used the name Vicki Lawrence Schultz.

Life and career[link]

Early life[link]

Lawrence was born in Inglewood, California,^[1] the daughter of Anne Alene (née Loyd) and Howard Axelrad, a certified public accountant.^[2] She is a graduate of Morningside High School in Inglewood. She was valedictorian of her class of 1967.

Acting career[link]

As a comedienne and actress, Lawrence is known for her work on The Carol Burnett Show, of which she was a part from 1967 to 1978. She was the only cast member, except for Burnett herself, who stayed on the show for the entire eleven seasons. Lawrence was hired for the show on the basis of a letter she sent to Burnett and the producers, with a photograph of Lawrence that showed her resemblance to Burnett.

After The Carol Burnett Show ended in 1978, Lawrence and her husband Al moved with their children to Maui, Hawaii, but after a couple of years, returned to Los Angeles where they have remained.

Her portrayal of the "Mama" character was so popular that NBC created a sitcom, Mama's Family, based on characters from the skit. (Burnett reprised the Eunice Higgins character for the sitcom from time to time.) The series ran from 1983 to 1985 on NBC; after its cancellation from NBC, it was renewed from 1986 to 1990 in first-run syndication. The show was more successful in the renewed version. She also reprised the "Mama" character on stage for Vicki Lawrence & Mama: A Two-Woman Show.

Lawrence has made appearances on other programs, such as the sitcoms Laverne & Shirley (as the girls' drill sergeant, Alvinia T. Plout), Major Dad, Roseanne, Hannah Montana and Yes, Dear. She has also appeared with Burnett, Harvey Korman, and Tim Conway in the Burnett show retrospectives that were broadcast in 1993, 2001 and 2004. Lawrence played 'Sister Mary Paul aka Sister Amnesia' in the TV special based on Nunsense Jamboree which originally aired on TNN in 1998.

Lawrence played 'Mamaw Stewart' (the mother of Robby Ray Stewart and grandmother of Jackson and Miley Stewart) in the hit Disney series Hannah Montana, alongside Billy Ray Cyrus, and his daughter Miley Cyrus.

Lawrence recently played as "Mama" on an Ohio commercial, promoting a constitutional amendment that would permit casino gambling in Ohio. Lawrence played Dan's old high school flame, Phyllis, in an episode of Roseanne. She also appeared on a special celebrity edition episode of the Anne Robinson version of The Weakest Link. Playing for a charity, she made it to the final two, but ended up losing to Ed Begley Jr.

Other work[link]

As a singer, Lawrence got her start as one of the scores of hopefuls on the syndicated Johnny Mann's Stand Up And Cheer program. But she is most known for her #1 hit, "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia", a song written by her first husband Bobby Russell, which was released on Bell Records in November 1972. It sold over two million copies, and was awarded a gold disc by the R.I.A.A. in April 1973.^[3] (Cher was offered the song first but, unbeknownst to her, her then-husband Sonny Bono had turned it down.)

"He Did With Me," Lawrence's follow-up to "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia," reached #75 in the United States, although it became her biggest hit in Australia, peaking at #1 there in November 1973. She followed it up there with "Ships In The Night" (1974). A year later, in the fall of 1975, Lawrence managed one last minor US chart entry on the Private Stock label with "The Other Woman" (#81).

She released a disco album entitled Newborn Woman late in 1979. The album produced the minor disco hit "Don't Stop the Music".

As an emcee, she hosted the daytime NBC version of the game show Win, Lose or Draw, and has also appeared often as a popular panelist on such game shows as Match Game, Password, Password Plus, Super Password, various incarnations of the Pyramid game show, as well as Hollywood Squares, where she appeared both as herself and in character as Thelma "Mama" Harper. Lawrence was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for Best Talk Show in 1993 for the eponymous Vicki!, but the show was canceled after two seasons.

She tours the country with her "two-woman" show with the first half as herself and the second half done as Thelma "Mama" Harper. She also currently can be seen on TV in an infomercial for the "Big Boss Grill".

She is also known for her voice over work as "Flo" on the animation series Hermie and Friends.

Criticism[link]

In January 2011, Lawrence elicited criticism^[4] from advocates for and members of the homeless community for a video she created as a parody of Ted Williams, a homeless man and a former radio announcer who gathered media attention after another video of his vocal talents became viral on YouTube.^[5] The video, in which Lawrence played her noted foul-mouth and quick-witted satirical "Mama" character, and made several jokes about "overnight celebrities", came under fire by the National Coalition of the Homeless (NCH). The NCH director, Neil Donovan, was quoted as saying "This is a woman who has made children's videos with a Christian message and now she's saying some of the most un-Christian things imaginable."

Personal life[link]

Lawrence had been previously married to Robert "Bobby" Russell from 1972 to 1974. Lawrence's second, and present, husband is the make-up artist, Al Schultz, whom she has been married to since November 16, 1974. They have one daughter, Courtney Allison Schultz (born May 5, 1975) and one son, Garrett Lawrence Schultz (born July 3, 1977).

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

Singles[link]

Books[link]

• Vicki!: The True-Life Adventures of Miss Fireball (1995) - ISBN 0-684-80286-4; published by Simon and Schuster with Marc Eliot, an American biographer listed several times on the New York Times bestselling list.^[6]
• Mama for President: Good Lord, Why Not? (2008) ISBN 1-4016-0409-9 ISBN 978-1-4016-0409-7, with Monty Aidem, an American comedy writer.^[7]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official Website
• Vicki Lawrence MySpace Page
• Vicki Lawrence at the Internet Movie Database