Padma River

Wednesday, 05 December 2012

Twin quarter collapse by Padma River.asf

The Padma river. Natural beauty of Bangladesh. Video by mee. 23-02-2011

Hardinge Bridge From Lalon Shah Bridge over Padma river

Padma River Erosion at Dohar (27-08-2012)

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Ajay River
The Ajay River is a major river in Jharkhand and West Bengal. The word “Ajay” means “not conquered”.
The Ajay River originates on a small hill about 300 metres high, south west of Munger in Bihar. It then flows through Jharkhand and enters West Bengal at Simjuri, near Chittaranjan. It first forms the border between Bardhaman District and Jharkhand and then between Bardhaman District and Birbhum District, and finally it enters Katwa subdivision of Bardhaman district at Nareng village in Ketugram police station. It then joins the Bhagirathi River at Katwa Town. Total length of the Ajay is 288 km, out of which 152 km is in West Bengal.
The catchment area of Ajay River is 6,000 km².
The important tributaries of the Ajay are Pathro and Jayanti in Jharkhand, and Tumuni and Kunur in Bardhaman district of West Bengal.
The upper reaches of the Ajay pass through hilly regions with laterite soil. It is only from Ausgram in Bardhaman district that the Ajay flows through alluvial plains. The Ajay valley was densely forested with sal, piyasal and palas trees till recent times when mining and other activities led to the clearing of forests.

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Assam
Assam /əˈsæm/ (Assamese: অসম) also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province (British India), is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country^{[citation needed]}. Assam was one of the original provinces of the British ruled Indian sub-continent and among the original provinces of present day India, having a legislature that dates back to 1937. However, present day Assam has undergone numerous territory alignment changes, with its state map being altered more than any other province's. Known for exquisite natural resources, geography and its important role in India's freedom struggle; Assam has its capital as Dispur, an especialized city circuit region located on the outskirts of its largest metropolis, Guwahati.
Assam is particularly famous for its natural beauty. The landscape includes tea gardens, the river Brahmaputra, and many historical monuments and temples. Swami Vivekananda once said that, "next only to Kashmir, Assam is the most beautiful place in India" A state with an abundance of forest, Assam also has five national parks, around half a dozen other wildlife sanctuaries, and is home to two-thirds of the population of the unique one-horned rhino. When it comes to wildlife, Assam too has successfully conserved the one-horned Indian rhinoceros from near extinction, along with the tiger and numerous species of birds, and it provides one of the last wild habitats for the Asian elephant. It is becoming an increasingly popular destination for wildlife tourism, and Kaziranga and Manas are both World Heritage Sites.

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Atrai River

Atrai River (also spelt as Atreyee) (Bengali: আত্রাই/আত্রেই নদী) flows in West Bengal and northern parts of Bangladesh.
In ancient times the river was called Atrei and finds a mention in the Mahabharata. It is linked with Karatoya River. It originates in West Bengal and then after flowing through Dinajpur District of Bangladesh, it enters India again. It passes through Kumarganj and Balurghat community development blocks in Dakshin Dinajpur district. The river then renters Bangladesh. It splits into two rivers - the Gabura and the Kankra in Dinajpur district. It crosses the Barind Tract and flows into Chalan Beel. The river serves as a perennial source of fishing, even though it is often the cause of flooding in many areas during monsoons.
Total length of this river is approximately 240 miles (390 km). Maximum depth of river is 99 feet (30 m).
The Atrai was formerly one of the great rivers of north Bengal for it was the main channel by which the waters of the Teesta discharged into the Ganges. In 1787, however, the Teesta broke away from its ancient bed and cut for itself a new and capacious channel by which it found its way into the Brahmaputra. Since then the Atrai has lost its importance and has now few traces of its former greatness.

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Bangali River
The Bangali River (Bengali: বাঙালি নদী) is one of the main rivers in the northern part of Bangladesh (commonly known as North Bengal). As of 2007, the river is in the news because of the possibility that it might merge with the Jamuna River, which could lead to major changes in the geography of the region.
In the later part of the 18th century, movements against the British Raj erupted in North Bengal. Two of the major centers of the Fakir-Sanyasi Rebellion were Bogra District and Rangpur, located on two sides of the Bangali River. Whether this was the reason that prompted the name Bangali (the people of Bengal) is still unknown.
The Bangali River originates as a distributary of Teesta River in Nilphamari District. The river flows as the Ghaghot River from its source to Gaibandha, where it splits into two branches – one moves towards the west as the "Ghaghot" and empties into the Karatoya River at Sherpur, Bogra District; the other section of the Bangali River flows to the south and subsequently breaks into two sections in Bogra. These two sections join the Jamuna and Karatoa.

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Bangladesh
Coordinates: 23°N 90°E / 23°N 90°E / 23; 90
Bangladesh (ⁱ/ˈbɑːŋɡlədɛʃ/ or ⁱ/bæŋɡləˈdɛʃ/ (Anglicized pronunciation); Bengali: বাংলাদেশ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (Bengali: গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ Gônoprojatontri Bangladesh) is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India and Burma and by the Bay of Bengal to the south. The capital (and largest city) is Dhaka, located in central Bangladesh. The official state language is Bengali. The name Bangladesh means "Land of Bengal" or "Country of Bengal" the in the Bengali language, from Bangla "Bengal" and desh holding a dual meaning of "land" and "country" as English "country," German land, French pays, etc.
The borders of present-day Bangladesh were established with the partition of Bengal during the reign and demise of the British India. Its map was chartered by Sir Cyril Radcliffe during the creation of Pakistan and India in 1947, when the region became East Pakistan, part of the newly formed nation of Pakistan. Due to political exclusion and economic exploitation by the politically dominant West Pakistan, popular agitation grew against West Pakistan and led to the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971, after the Bangladeshi Declaration of Independence on 26 March 1971. With the intervention of the Indian Army, the war came to an end on 16 December 1971 with the surrender of the Pakistan Army at Ramna Race Course.

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Bansloi River
The Bansloi River is a tributary of the Bhagirathi.
The Bansloi River originates on Bans Hill in Sahebganj district of Jharkhand, flows through Pakur district of Jharkhand and Birbhum and Murshidabad districts of West Bengal before flowing into the Bhagirathi north of Jangipur
The western half of Murshidabad district slopes eastwards toward the Bhagirathi; a number of the hill streams do not find their way directly into that river; they are intercepted by beels or marshes. The large beels act as reservoirs during a flood absorbing some of the excess water carried down by these streams, and also drain the excess water through the streams, emanating out of them. The Bansloi enters the northern part of the district.
The combined catchment area of the Pagla–Bansloi river system is 2,200 km².
A number of rivers that originate on the Chota Nagpur Plateau/ Jharkhand, including the Bansloi, flow in to Birbhum district. These rivers then enter the Murshidabad and Bardhaman districts before joining the Bhagirathi. They generate flood because of high rainfall in their basins and limited carrying capacity of the river Bhagirathi between the towns of Jangipur and Kalna. In this reach the Bhagirathi has discharge carrying capacity of maximum 110,000 cu ft/s (3,100 m³/s). If all the rivers receive rainfall simultaneously in their catchment areas they can generate run-off volume of any amount up to 600,000 cu ft/s (17,000 m³/s) at their outfall at the Bhagirathi. Thus floods are caused regularly.

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Baral river
Baral (Borhal Bengali: বড়াল) river is one of the offshoots of the Ganges, starts its journey at Charghat Upazila of Rajshahi District of Bangladesh. The Baral flows through Natore and Pabna meets with the Gumani at the east of Bhangura and finally meets with the Hurasagar river after joining with the Karatoya south of Shahjadpur Upazila. The river is approximately 147 kilometers long, and 410 feet (120 m) wide and 20 feet (6.1 m) deep on average. The river receives water from the Ganges only in the monsoon season. But it maintains its flow throughout the year with local runoff water and water from chalan beel. Its drainage area is about 230 km². Some important places located on the banks of the Baral are: Charghat, Baraigram, Bagatipara, Gurudaspur, Chatmohar, Bhangura and Bera upazilas of Bangladesh. The Baral Bridge is located on this river at Bhangura Upazila.
The Baral also issues from the Padma at Charghat in the Rajshahi district and receives the water of the Atrai through the channel called the Gumani shortly after it enters the district of Pabna. It flows through the northern part of the Sadar subdivision, passing by the large village of Chatmohar, the headquarters of the thana of the same name, and continue its course to south-east. The Baral meets the Gumani (an extension of Atrai) near the village Faridpur (not to be confused with the district headquarters of the same name). The combined waters joins the Hurasagar, south of Shahazadpur, at the confluence of the latter with the Ichhamati of Serajganj subdivision. In the later part of its course, it forms the boundary between the two subdivisions of the district. Its length in the district is about 35 miles.

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Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal, the largest bay in the world, forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. Roughly triangular in shape, it is bordered mostly by India and Sri Lanka to the west, Bangladesh to the north, and Burma (Myanmar) and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the east.
The Bay of Bengal occupies an area of 2,172,000 km². A number of large rivers – the Padma (a distributary of the Ganges), Meghna (a distributary of the Brahmaputra), Jamuna (a branch of the Brahmaputra), Ayeyarwady, Godavari, Mahanadi, Krishna and Kaveri – flow into the Bay of Bengal. Among the important ports are Cuddalore, Ennore, Chennai, Karaikal, Pondicherry, Tuticorin, Kakinada, Machilipatnam, Vishakhapatnam, Gangavaram, Krishnapatnam, Paradip, Kolkata, Mongla, Chittagong and Yangon.
The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Bay of Bengal as follows:
On the East. A line running from Cape Negrais (16°03'N) in Burma through the larger islands of the Andaman group, in such a way that all the narrow waters between the islands lie to the Eastward of the line and are excluded from the Bay of Bengal, as far as a point in Little Andaman Island in latitude 10°48'N, longitude 92°24'E and thence along the Southwest limit of the Burma Sea [A line running from Oedjong Raja (5°32′N 95°12′E / 5.533°N 95.2°E / 5.533; 95.2) in Sumatra to Poeloe Bras (Breuëh) and on through the Western Islands of the Nicobar Group to Sandy Point in Little Andaman Island, in such a way that all the narrow waters appertain to the Burma Sea].

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Bengal
Bengal (Bengali: বাংলা Bangla (help·info), Bengali: বঙ্গ Bôngo, Bengali: বঙ্গদেশ Bôngodesh, or Bengali: বাংলাদেশ Bangladesh) is a historical and geographical region in the northeast region of the Indian Subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal. Today, it is mainly divided between the sovereign land of People's Republic of Bangladesh (previously East Bengal / East Pakistan) and the Indian state of West Bengal, although some regions of the previous kingdoms of Bengal (during local monarchical regimes and British rule) are now part of the neighboring Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Assam, Tripura and Orissa. The majority of Bengal is inhabited by Bengali people (বাঙালি Bangali) who speak the Bengali language (বাংলা Bangla).
The region of Bengal is one of the most densely populated regions on earth, with a population density exceeding 900/km². Most of the Bengal region lies in the low-lying Ganges–Brahmaputra River Delta or Ganges Delta, the world's largest delta. In the southern part of the delta lies the Sundarbans—the world's largest mangrove forest and home of the Bengal tiger. Though the population of the region is mostly rural and agrarian, two megacities, Kolkata (previously Calcutta) and Dhaka (previously Dacca), are located in Bengal. The Bengal region is renowned for its rich literary and cultural heritage as well as its immense contribution to the socio-cultural uplift of Indian society in the form of the Bengal Renaissance, and revolutionary activities during the Indian independence movement.

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Bidyadhari River
Bidyadhari River (Bengali: বিদ্যাধরী নদী) (also spelt Vidyadhari or simply called Bidya), is a river in the Indian state of West Bengal. It originates near Haringhata in Nadia district and then flows through Deganga, Habra and Barasat areas of North 24 Parganas before joining the Raimangal River in the Sundarbans.
The river has formed a major navigation route for earlier civilisations. The river port of Chandraketugarh in the third century BC was on the banks of this river. This river has been the major drainage system of North 24 Parganas and Kolkata.
The Sundarbans area has a network of interconnecting waterways. The larger channels are often a mile wide running in a north-south direction. The Bidyadhari and other such channels now carry little freshwater as they are mostly cut off from the Ganges, the main source of fresh water. As a result of the subsidence of the Bengal Basin and a gradual eastward tilting of the overlying crust the Hooghly-Bhagirathi channels have progressively shifted eastwards since the seventeenth century.

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Boali

Boali is a town located in the Central African Republic prefecture of Ombella-M'Poko.
Boali is noted for its waterfalls and for the nearby hydroelectric works. The Boali Waterfalls are 250 m wide and 50 m high, and are a popular tourist destination. The hydroelectric works, Boali I and Boali II, have a combined generating power of 18.65 megawatts.

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Bura Gauranga River
The Bura Gauranga River is located in the Patuakhali district in Bangladesh. The river is most notably known for the sinking of a passenger ferry in May 2005, killing at least 27 people.
Coordinates: 22°00′00″N 90°33′00″E / 22.000°N 90.550°E / 22.000; 90.550

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Buriganga River
The Buriganga River (Bengali: বুড়িগঙ্গা Buŗigônga "Old Ganges") is the main river flowing beside Dhaka city, capital of Bangladesh. The average depth is 25 feet (7.6 m) and maximum depth is 58 feet (18 m).

In the distant past, a course of the Ganges river used to reach the Bay of Bengal through the Dhaleshwari river. This course gradually shifted and ultimately lost its link with the main channel of the Ganges and was renamed as the Buriganga. It is said that the water levels during high and low tides in this river astonished the Mughals.The water tables even is very astonishing due to pollution of polythenes deposited beneath water. The materials from breaking of buildings of the river banks also add hazardous substances in the river.
Dr. R.C. The course of the Padma has changed considerably during the period 1600 to 2000 AD. Dr. R.C.
The Buriganga is economically very important to Dhaka. Launches and Country Boats provide connection to the other parts of Bangladesh, a largely riverine country. When the Mughals made Dhaka their capital, in 1610, the banks of the Buriganga were already a prime location for trade. The river was also the city's main source of drinking water.

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Dhaka
Dhaka (Bengali: ঢাকা, pronounced IPA: [ˈɖʱaka]; formerly spelled Dacca, named Jahangirnagar during Mughal era) is the capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka Division. Dhaka is a megacity and one of the major cities of South Asia. It is located on the banks of the Buriganga River. Dhaka, along with its metropolitan area, had a population of over 16 million in 2011, making it the largest city in Bangladesh. It is the 9th largest city in the world and also 28th among the most densely populated cities in the world. Dhaka is known as the City of Mosques and with 400,000 cycle rickshaws running on its streets every day, the city is also described as the Rickshaw Capital of the World.
Under Mughal rule in the 17th century, the city was known as Jahangir Nagar. It was a provincial capital and a centre of the worldwide muslin trade. The modern city, however, was developed chiefly under British rule in the 19th century, and became the second-largest city in Bengal after Calcutta (presently Kolkata). After the Partition of Bengal in 1905, Dhaka became the capital of the new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam but lost its status as a provincial capital again after the partition was annulled in 1911. After the partition of India in 1947, Dhaka became the administrative capital of East Pakistan, and later, in 1971, the capital of an independent Bangladesh. During the intervening period, the city witnessed widespread turmoil; this included many impositions of martial law, the declaration of Bangladesh's independence, military suppression, devastation during war, and natural calamities.

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Dharla River
The Dharla River (Bengali: ধরলা নদী, Dhorola nodi) is one of Bangladesh's trans-boundary rivers. It originates in the Himalayas where it is known as the Jaldhaka River, and then it flows through the Jalpaiguri and Cooch Behar districts of West Bengal, India, one of the seven main rivers to do so. Here the river enters Bangladesh through the Lalmonirhat District and joins with the Jaldhaka River and flows as the Dharla River until it empties into the Brahmaputra River near the Kurigram District. Near Patgram Upazila, it again flows easternly back into India. It then moves south and enters Bangladesh again through Phulbari Upazila of Kurigram District and continues a slow meandering course.
The average depth of river is 12 feet (3.7 m) and maximum depth is 39 feet (12 m), in origin of Kurigram.
Erosion by the rivers Dharla and Jamuna took a serious turn in Lalmonirhat in 2007. In Lalmonirhat, about two kilometres of seven kilometre-long flood control embankment was devoured by the Dharla. Three mosques, two temples, a madrassah and a primary school, and a vast tract of cultivable land with crops were devoured by the river, rendering about three thousand people homeless.

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Dhepa River
The Dhepa is a small river in northern Bangladesh. The river originates from the Atrai river in Mohanpur and falls into the Punarbhaba. The length of this river is 40 kilometers or 25 miles and the depth of this river is 6 meters or 18 feet.
Coordinates: 25°38′N 88°39′E / 25.633°N 88.65°E / 25.633; 88.65

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Dwarakeswar River
Dwarakeswar River (Bengali: দ্বারকেশ্বর নদ) (also known as Dhalkisor) is a major river in the western part of West Bengal.
It originates from Tilboni hill in Purulia district and enters Bankura district near Chhatna. It cuts across the district flowing past the district head quarters and enters the south-eastern tip of Bardhaman District. It then passes through Hooghly District The Silai joins it near Ghatal and the two together is known as Rupnarayan River, which flows into the Hooghly River near Gadiara in Howrah District.
There is a proposal for the construction of a dam across the Dwarakeswar. The preliminary project report on Dwarakeswar Gandheswari Reservoir was received in Central Water Commission in January, 2004 for which ‘in- principle’ consent of Central Water Commission for preparation of detailed Project Report has been conveyed to the State Government in March, 2004.
Coordinates: 23°08′21″N 87°17′11″E / 23.139097°N 87.286377°E / 23.139097; 87.286377

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Dwarka River
The Dwarka River (also called Babla) is a tributary of Bhagirathi.
The Dwaraka originates in Santhal Parganas in Jharkhand and then flows through Mayureswar and Rampurhat police station areas of Birbhum district. It finally flows through Murshidabad district, where it joins the Bhagirathi.
Though a moderate river, it has several names and many small tributaries and estuaries. Its many backwaters and side channels also connect it with the Bhagirathi. It is a hill stream with beds full of pebbles and yellow clay.
Deucha barrage on the Dwarka river has a capacity of 1,400 acre feet (1,700,000 m³),It is located on the west side of NH 60, in Birbhum district .
Coordinates: 24°06′36″N 87°47′56″E / 24.1100943°N 87.7989578°E / 24.1100943; 87.7989578

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Faridpur District
Faridpur is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division. Faridpur District has a population of over 1.7 million people and is situated on the banks of the Padma river (Lower Ganges). Once a subdivision, the original area of the district comprised what is today the Greater Faridpur region which includes the present day districts of Rajbari, Gopalgonj, Madaripur, Shariatpur and Faridpur.
Famous for its jute fields, which are considered to produce the finest raw jute, and aristocratic zamindar families, the district was a focal point for political movements in Bengal during the rule of the British Empire and the early days of the Pakistan era. It produced some of the most prominent politicians and cultural figures of Bengal.
Faridpur is located in central Bangladesh under Dhaka division. The area of this district is 2072.72 km². The district is bounded by the Padma river to the north and east and across the river are Manikganj, Dhaka and Munshiganj districts. It is bordered by Madaripur to the east, Gopalgonj to the south and Rajbari, Narail and Magura to the west.

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Gandheswari River
Gandheswari River is a tributary of Dwarakeswar River and flows in Bankura district in the state of West Bengal. Flowing south-west of Susunia Hill and north of Bankura it joins the Dwarakeswar near Bhutsahar. It is subject to sudden flooding during rains.
Coordinates: 22°54′36″N 87°10′42″E / 22.9100962°N 87.1782303°E / 22.9100962; 87.1782303

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Ganges Delta
The Ganges Delta (also known as the Ganges–Brahmaputra Delta, the Sunderbans Delta, or the Bengalla Delta) is a river delta in the South Asia region of Bengal, consisting of Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal, India. It is the world's largest delta, and empties into the Bay of Bengal. It is also one of the most fertile regions in the world, thus earning the nickname The Green Delta. The delta stretches from the Hooghly River on the west to the Meghna River on the east. It is approximately 350 km (220 mi) across at the Bay of Bengal.Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) and Haldia in India and Mongla and Chittagong in Bangladesh are the principal seaports on the delta.
A number of large rivers flow through the Ganges Delta, including the Padma (main distributary of the Ganges) and the Jamuna (main distributary of the Brahmaputra), which merge and then join the Meghna before entering the sea.
The Ganges delta has the shape of a triangle, and is considered to be an "arcuate" delta (arc-shaped). It covers more than 105,000 km² (41,000 sq mi), and although the delta lies mostly in Bangladesh and India, rivers from Bhutan, China, India, and Nepal drain into it from the north. Approximately two-thirds of the delta is in Bangladesh. Most of the delta is composed of alluvial soils made up by small sediment particles that finally settle down as river currents slow down in the estuary. Rivers carry these fine particles with them, even from their sources at glaciers as Fluvio-glacial. Red and red-yellow laterite soils are found as one heads farther east. The soil has large amounts of minerals and nutrients, which is good for agriculture.

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Gumani River
Gumani River is a river in Bangladesh. It originates from the river Padma and meets with the Barani near Morkal Bazar. The joint flow of Gurnai and Baranai flows southeast as the Gurnai and meets with the Gur near Chanchkoir, Gurudaspur to the east of the Chalan Beel and flows as the Gumani. Flowing east of Bhangura the river again meets with the Baral and flows further as Baral (Atrai-Baral).
Coordinates: 24°10′N 89°28′E / 24.167°N 89.467°E / 24.167; 89.467

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Gumti River, Tripura
Gumti River originates from Dumbur in the northeastern hilly region of Tripura state of India. From its source it flows about 150 km along a meandering course through the hills, turns west and enters Bangladesh near Katak Bazar (Comilla Sadar). Then it takes a meandering course again and passes through the northern side of Comilla town and east of Mainamati. Keeping Burichang upazila on the north, it cuts through Debidwar upazila and reaches Companiganj Bazar. The distance from Mainamati to Companiganj Bazar is about 60 km. From Companiganj it turns west and finally falls into the Meghna at Shapta in Daudkandi upazila. The segment between Companiganj and Daudkandi is about 50 km long. The Gumti is about 135 km long within Bangladesh. The dakatia is one of the important tributaries of the Gumti and the Buri river is its distributary.
A dam has been constructed near Dumbur on the river that has formed a large lake, some 40 square kilometres.
The Gumti is a hilly river having a strong current. Its flow varies from 100 to 20,000 ft³/s at Comilla. During the rains its average breadth is about 100 m, it is full from bank to bank and the current is rapid. But during the winter it shrinks and becomes fordable at most places. In a year of normal rainfall the river rises to above 1.5 m than the level of the surrounding areas. Flash floods are common phenomena of this river and it occurs at regular intervals.

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Halda River
Halda River is a river in South-Eastern Bangladesh. It originates at the Badnatali Hill Ranges in Ramgarh Upazila in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, flows through Fatikchhari Upazila, Hathazari Upazila, Raozan Upazila and Chittagong Kotwali Thana, and falls into the Karnaphuli River. The 81 km long river has a very turbulent tributary, the Dhurung River, which joins Purba Dhalai about 48.25 km downstream. The river is navigable by big boats 29 km into it (up to Nazir Hat) and by small boats 16-24 km further (up to Narayanhat). The Halda reaches up 21 feet (6.4 m) in depth and 30 feet (9.1 m) in deepest point. The Halda river is also famous for breeding pure Indian carp. This is the only pure Indian carp breeding field of Bangladesh, perhaps in South Asia.
Md. Manzoorul Kibria.
Sifatul Quader Chowdhury.
Coordinates: 22°25′N 91°53′E / 22.417°N 91.883°E / 22.417; 91.883

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Haldi River
Haldi River is a tributary of Hooghly River flowing through Purba Medinipur district . The Keleghai joins the Kasai at Tangrakhali under Mahisadal police station in Tamluk subdivision. The combined stream is called Haldi River. It is 24 kilometres (15 mi) long. It is the last major river to flow into the Hooghly before the latter flows into the sea. The Haldi joins the Hooghly at the industrial town of Haldia.
Coordinates: 22°02′N 88°04′E / 22.03°N 88.06°E / 22.03; 88.06

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Hardinge Bridge
Hardinge Bridge (Bengali: হার্ডিঞ্জ ব্রিজ) is a steel railway bridge over the river Padma located in western Bangladesh. It is named after Lord Hardinge, who was the Viceroy of India from 1910 to 1916. The bridge is 1.8 kilometers (1.1 mi) long.
Construction of the bridge began in 1910, though it was proposed at least 20 years earlier. It took almost 2 years for it to be completed, and trains started moving on it in 1915^{[citation needed]}.
The construction of a railway Bridge over the Padma was proposed by the Eastern Bengal Railway in 1889 for easier communication between Calcutta and the then Eastern Bengal and Assam and discussed for more than twenty years before it was finally sanctioned for construction in 1908. In 1902, Sir FJE Spring prepared a detailed project on the bridge. A technical committee appointed in 1908 reported that a bridge could be constructed at Sara crossing the lower Ganges between Paksey and Bheramara Upazila stations on the broad gauge railway from Khulna to Parbatipur Upazila. The construction of the bridge started in 1910 and finished in 1912. British engineer Sir Robert Gailes worked as the chief engineer of the construction. On 1 January 1915, the first trial train crossed the bridge down track and on 25 February of the same year the second trial train crossed the bridge up track. Finally on 4 March 1915 Lord Hardinge inaugurated the bridge. A total of 24,000 people were employed for constructing the bridge.

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Himalayas
The Himalaya Range or Himalaya Mountains ( /ˌhɪməˈleɪ.ə/ or /hɪˈmɑːləjə/;Sanskrit: Devanagari: हिमालय, literally "abode of snow"), usually called the Himalayas or Himalaya, is a mountain range immediately to the north of the Indian subcontinent. By extension, it can also refer to the massive mountain system that additionally includes the Karakoram, the Hindu Kush, and other lesser ranges that extend out from the Pamir Knot. Some of the world's major river systems arise in the Himalayas, and their combined drainage basins are home to some 3 billion people (almost half of the Earth's population) in 18 countries. The Himalayas have profoundly shaped the cultures of South Asia; many Himalayan peaks are sacred in Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism.
Geologically, the Himalayas originate from the northward movement of the Indian tectonic plate at 15 cm^{[citation needed]} per year to impact the Eurasian continent, with first contact about 70 million years ago, and with movement continuing today. This caused the formation of the Himalayan arc peaks: the lighter rocks of the seabeds of that time were easily uplifted into mountains. An often-cited fact used to illustrate this process is that the summit of Mount Everest is made of marine limestone.

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Hooghly River
The Hooghly River (Bengali হুগলী, Hugli; Anglicized alternatively spelled Hoogli or Hugli) or the Bhāgirathi-Hooghly, is an approximately 260 kilometres (160 mi) long distributary of the Ganges River in West Bengal, India. It splits from the Ganges as a canal in Murshidabad District at the Farakka Barrage. The town of Hugli-Chinsura, formerly Hooghly, is located on the river, in the Hooghly (district). The origins of the Hooghly name are uncertain, whether the city or the river was named first.
The Farakka Barrage is a dam that diverts water from the Ganges into a canal near the town of Tildanga in Murshidabad District. The dam provides the Hooghly with water even in the dry season. It parallels the Ganges, past Dhulian, until just above Jahangirpur where the canal ends and the river takes its own course. Just south of Jahangirpur it leaves the Ganges area and flows south past Jiaganj Azimganj, Murshidabad, and Baharampur. South of Baharampur and north of Palashi it used to form the border between Bardhaman District and Nadia District, but while the border has remained the same the river is now often east or west of its former bed. The river then flows south past Katwa, Navadwip and Kalna. At Kalna it originally formed the border between Nadia District and Hooghly District, and then further south between Hooghly District and North 24 Parganas District. It flows past Halisahar, Chunchura, Rishra, and Kamarhati. Then just before entering the twin cities of Kolkata (Calcutta) and Howrah, it turns to the southwest. At Nurpur it enters an old channel of the Ganges and turns south to empty into the Bay of Bengal. Two of its well known tributaries are Damodar and Rupnarayan.

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India
India (ⁱ/ˈɪndiə/), officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history. Four of the world's major religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.

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Jalangi River
Jalangi River (Bengali: জলজ্ঞী নদী), is a branch of the Ganges in Murshidabad and Nadia districts in the Indian state of West Bengal. The Jalangi and the Mathabhanga flow into the Bhagirathi-Hooghly and strengthens its lower channel, the Hooghly.
The river below the point where the Jalanagi meets the Ganges is known as Hooghly and the course above it from the point of its separation from the main flow of the Ganges to its confluence with the Jalangi, it is called Bhagirathi.
Ghurni, a neighbourhood of Krishnanagar, a centre for the production of clay dolls, often referred to as Krishnanagar clay dolls, is located on the banks of the Jalangi. Mayapur is located at the confluence of the Jalanagi and Ganges.
The Jalangi is a modern stream, but its age is not known. Apparently it opened up long after the Bhairab ran as a strong stream in a south easterly direction. Although it is generally believed that the river has opened up within the last few hundred years, there is no direct evidence of this. It is shown in Van den Brouck’s map.

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Kalindi River
Kalindi River (Bengali: কালীন্দি নদী) is a tidal estuarine river in and around the Sundarbans in North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal, bordering on Satkhira District of Bangladesh.
The Ichamati breaks up into several distributaries below Hingalganj the chief of which are the Raimangal, Bidya, Jhilla, Kalindi and Jamuna. These fan out into wide estuaries in the Sundarbans.

Coordinates: 22°18′45″N 88°58′42″E / 22.3124900°N 88.9782870°E / 22.3124900; 88.9782870

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Kangsabati River
Kangsabati River (also variously known as the Kasai and Cossye) rises from the Chota Nagpur plateau in the state of Jharkhand, India and passes through the districts of Purulia, Bankura and Paschim Medinipur in West Bengal before draining in the Hooghly River.
After rising near Jhalda in the Chota Nagpur plateau in Purulia district, it passes by Khatra and Ranibandh in Bankura district, and then enters Paschim Medinipur in the Binpur area. It is joined by Bhairabbanki. At Keshpur the river splits into two. The northern branch flows through the Daspur area as Palarpai and joins the Rupnarayan River. The other branch f;ows in a south-easterly direction and on joining the Kaliaghai River forms the Haldi River, which flows in to the Hooghly River at Haldia.
Mukutmanipur, Midnapore, and Kharagpur are towns on or near the banks of this river.
The Kangsabati Project was started in 1956 as part of the Indian Second Five-year Plan to provide water to 3,484.77 km² of land in the districts of Paschim Medinipur, Purba Medinipur, Bankura, and Hooghly. It involves irrigation land using water from the Kangsabati River, as well as the Shilabati and the Bhoirobbanki rivers.

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Karnaphuli River
Karnaphuli (Bengali: কর্ণফুলি Kôrnophuli; also spelt Karnafuli), the largest and most important river in Chittagong and the Chittagong Hill Tracts, is a 667 metres (2,188 ft)-wide river in the south-eastern part of Bangladesh. Originating from the Lushai hills in Mizoram, India, it flows 270 km (170 mi) southwest through Chittagong Hill Tracts and Chittagong into the Bay of Bengal. A large hydroelectric power plant using Karnaphuli river was built in the Kaptai region during the 1960s. The mouth of the river hosts Chittagong's sea port, the main port of Bangladesh.
The Kaptai Dam is the location of the Kaptai Hydro-power station, the only hydro-electric power plant in Bangladesh, was constructed in Kaptai in 1962. An earth-filled dam on the Karnaphuli River, the Kaptai Dam created the Kaptai Lake, which acts as the water reservoir for the hydropower station. The power plant produces a total of 230 megawatts of electricity.
Coordinates: 22°13′N 91°48′E / 22.217°N 91.8°E / 22.217; 91.8

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Khowai River
Khowai River originates from the eastern part of the Atharamura Hills of Tripura in India. Flowing west and northward, the Khowai enters Bangladesh at Balla in Sylhet district. The river further flows beside the east of Habiganj town and debouches into the Meghna near the mouth of the Kalni at Nabiganj.

Coordinates: 24°23′N 91°25′E / 24.383°N 91.417°E / 24.383; 91.417

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Manu River, Tripura
The Manu River rises in the mountains of Tripura (India). After its initial rapid passage through mountainous terrain it slows and meanders during its course, which includes the Sylhet plains. It joins the Kushiyara River at Manumukh in the Bangladeshi district of Maulvi Bazar.
Coordinates: 24°35′N 91°44′E / 24.583°N 91.733°E / 24.583; 91.733

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Matla River
Matla River (Bengali: মাতলা নদী) forms a wide estuary in and around the Sundarbans in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
The main stream of the Matla River is divided into two arms near Purandar. One passes through Kultali-Garanbose and then passes through the Sundarbans. The other passes through Basanti, Pathankhali, Surjyaberia, Masjidbati and then meets Bidyadhari River.
Lateral connections of the Matla system on the west are Belladonna River, Kultala River, the Piyali-Nabipukur River, the Bainchapi Khal, the Kaikalmari River, the Suia River, the Dulibhasani Gang, and the Gokhaltali Gang, On the eastern side the main connections with the Gosaba and Raimangal systems are more intricate and many of the channels are yet to be named. The important channels in this belt are Rupkhali Khal, Pathankhali Nadi, Pirkhali Nadi, Gazikhali Khal, Panchmukhani Khal, Mayanadi Khal, Mayadip River, Bhangaduni River, Kalindi River, Kalgachia River, Raimangal River, Jhilla River, Gonna River, and the Harinbhanga River.

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Meghalaya
Meghalaya /ˌmɛɡəˈleɪə/ (Hindi: मेघालय; pronounced [meːˈɡʱaːləjə]) is a state in north-eastern India. The word "Meghalaya" literally means the Abode of Clouds in Sanskrit and other Indic languages. Meghalaya is a hilly strip in the eastern part of the country about 300 km long (east-west) and 100 km wide, with a total area of about 8,700 sq mi (22,720 km²). The population numbered 2,175,000 in 2000. The state is bounded on the north by Assam and by Bangladesh on the south. The capital is Shillong also known as the Scotland of the East, which has a population of 260,000.
About one third of the state is forested. The Meghalaya subtropical forests ecoregion encompasses the state; its mountain forests are distinct from the lowland tropical forests to the north and south. The forests of Meghalaya are notable for their biodiversity of mammals, birds, and plants. It was previously part of Assam, but on January 21, 1972, the districts of Khasi, Garo and Jaintia hills became the new state of Meghalaya.

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Meghna River
The Meghna River (Bengali: মেঘনা নদী) is an important river in Bangladesh, one of the three that forms the Ganges Delta, the largest on earth fanning out to the Bay of Bengal. Being a part of the Surma-Meghna River System, Meghna is formed inside Bangladesh by the joining of different rivers originating from the hilly regions of eastern India. The river meets Padma River in Chandpur District. The river ultimately flows into the Bay of Bengal in Bhola District.
Major tributaries of the Meghna include the Dhaleshwari River, Gumti River, and Feni River. The Meghna empties into the Bay of Bengal via four principal mouths, named Tetulia, Shahbazpur, Hatia, and Bamni.
The Meghna is the widest river among those that flow completely inside the boundaries of Bangladesh. At one point near Bhola, Meghna is 12 km wide. In its lower reaches this river follows almost a straight line in its path. Despite its very calm and quiet look, this river is the cause of many deaths every year. Several ferry sinkings in the past have killed hundreds, like the MV Salahuddin-2 and the MV Nasrin-1. Near Chandpur it is very dangerous.

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Muri Ganga River
Muri Ganga River (Bengali: মুড়িগঙ্গা নদী) (also called Baratala River or Channel Creek) is a distributary of the Hooghly in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Before joining the Bay of Bengal, the Hooghly bifurcates with one channel passing east of Sagar Island. This channel is called the Baratala River or Channel Creek. It is locally known as Muri Ganga.

Coordinates: 21°39′43″N 88°08′33″E / 21.6618800°N 88.1426000°E / 21.6618800; 88.1426000

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Mymensingh
Mymensingh (Bengali: ময়মনসিংহ), pronounced moy-mon-shing-haw, is a city of Bangladesh situated on the river Brahmaputra. It is the headquarters of the administrative unit Mymensingh District. Mymensingh is the anglicized pronunciation of the original name Momenshahi, referring to a ruler called Momen Shah. The cadet college established in Tangail in 1963 was called Momenshahi Cadet College. The city is known for educational institutions like Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh Engineering College, Mymensingh Ananda Mohan College, Mymensingh Muminunnesa Women College, Mymensingh Poly technique Institute and Mymensingh Girls' Cadet College. Other landmark institutions include Mymensingh Army Cantonment. Also it is related with old Brahmaputra river, handcrafted duvet called Nakshikantha and a rural ballad called Moimonsingho Geetika. Mymensingh city is located about 120 km (75 mi) north of Dhaka which is the capital of the country.
Mymensingh is one of the 16 old districts of Bangladesh which was constituted by the British East India Company on 1 May 1787. Being more than 220 years old, Mymensingh has a rich cultural and political history. At the beginning Begunbari was chosen as the headquarters of the district. However the district headquarters was relocated to Mymensingh when Begunbari devastated by flash flood. Earlier Mymensingh was called Nasirabad. During the British Raj most of the inhabitants of the town were Hindus.

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Nawabganj District
Chapai Nawabganj (চাঁপাই নওয়াবগঞ্জ) is a district in Northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division. Originally it was a subdivision under Malda district. In 1947, this was severed from Malda and was given to East Pakistan as a sub-division of Rajshahi district. Eventually,it became a separate district of Bangladesh in 1984.
Chapai Nawabganj District (Rajshahi division) with an area of 1744.33 km², is bounded by West Bengal of India on the north, south and west, rajshahi and naogaon districts on the east. The district lies under barind tract and consists of diaras and charlands (sandbars develop in riverbed). The main rivers are the Ganges, Mahananda, Pagla, Moraganga and the
Punarbhaba. Beel Bhatia, Beel Choral, Beel Hogla, Beel Singra, Sukrabari Damos, Maricha Dara, Beel Putimari, Beel Anal, Kumiradaha are the noted depressions. Annual average temperature: maximum 37.8 °C, minimum 11.2 °C; annual rainfall 1862 mm.
Nawabganj (Town) consists of 15 wards and 70 mahallas. It has an area of 46.26 km². Nawabganj municipality was established in 1903. The town has a population of 153252; male 48.37% and female 51.63%; population density is 3313 per km². Literacy rate among the town people is 41.2%. The town has two dakbungalows, one circuit house, one officers' club, one BDR Camp, one Mango Research Centre, one sericulture centre and one horticulture centre.

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Padma River
The Padma (Bengali: পদ্মা Pôdda) is a major trans-boundary river in Bangladesh. It is the main distributary of the Ganges (Bengali: গঙ্গা Gôngga),^{[dubious – discuss]} which originates in the Himalayas. The Padma enters Bangladesh from India near Chapai Nababganj. It meets the Jamuna (Bengali: যমুনা Jomuna) near Aricha and retains its name, but finally meets with the Meghna (Bengali: মেঘনা) near Chandpur and adopts the name 'Meghna' before flowing into the Bay of Bengal.
Rajshahi, a major city in western Bangladesh, is situated on the north bank of the Padma. Its maximum depth is 1,571 feet (479 m) and average depth is 968 feet (295 m).
Originated in the Gangotri Glacier of the Himalaya, the Ganges runs to the Bay of Bengal through India, entering Bangladesh at Shibganj in the district of Chapai Nababganj. Just west of Shibganj, the distributary Bhagirathi emerges and flows southwards as the Hooghly. After the point where the Bhagirathi branches off, the Ganges is officially referred to as the Padma and the river Bhagirathi uses the name of Ganga. Later the British started calling it the Hoogly river.

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Raimangal River
Raimangal River (Bengali: রায়মঙ্গল নদী) is a tidal estuarine river in and around the Sundarbans in North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal and Satkhira District in Bangladesh.
The Ichamati breaks up into several distributaries below Hingalganj the chief of which are the Raimangal, Bidya, Jhilla, Kalindi and Jamuna. These fan out into wide estuaries in the Sundarbans.It forms the international boundary between India and Bangladesh for some distance.

Coordinates: 22°15′31″N 88°57′09″E / 22.2586800°N 88.9524600°E / 22.2586800; 88.9524600

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Rajbari
Rajbari is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division. It was named by the renowned ruler Raja Surjoprashad Sen. He established his palace or rajbari in this district. It was a part of Faridpur district before. Later on, it was separated from Faridpur and rose as Rajbari.
There are 5 upazilas in this district. They are:
Administrator of Zila Porishod: Akbar Ali Morji [1]
Deputy Commissioner (DC): Syeda Shahana Bari [2]
Rajbari is a district of Bangladesh. It is under Dhaka division. Rajbari was named by the renowned ruler Raja Shurjoprashad Sen. It was a part of Faridpur District before. Later on, it was separated from Faridpur and rose as Rajbari. It has produced famous personalities such as Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan, the speaker of Pakistan's Constituent Assembly, Yakub Ali Chowdhury, eminent Bangladeshi cartoonist Rokonuzaman Khan Dadabhai, scientist Kazi Motahar Hossain and Oscar winner Nafees Bin Zafar.
The famous writer Mir Mosharraf Hossain lived at Podamdi, near Village of Kurshi in Baliakandi upzilla. Podamdi and Kurshi are also a remarkable place for Nawaabs (A Nawab or Nawaab (Urdu: نواب, Hindi: नवाब) was originally the subedar (provincial governor) or viceroy of a subah (province) or region o.f the Mughal empire. It became a high title for Muslim nobles). Rajbari is a district of natural beauty. The people of Rajbari are very friendly, religious, decent, honest and well-educated.Famous dighi(a kind of water body) 'Kallyan Dighi'situated in baliakandi of Islampur union. Rajbari is situated by the bank of Padma River.

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Rajshahi
The city of Rajshahi (Bengali: রাজশাহী) is the divisional headquarters of Rajshahi division as well as the administrative district that bears its name and is one of the six metropolitan cities of Bangladesh. Often referred to as Silk City and Education City, Rajshahi is located in the north-west of the country and has an estimated population of around 1000,000 people. Its total area is 96.69 km² (37.33 sq mi) and is situated on the northern banks of the river Padma (or Ganges which is one of the major rivers of the Indian subcontinent). Rajshahi consists of 4 Thanas, 35 Wards and 175 Mahallahs.
Rajshahi was formerly known as Rampur Boalia. An epigraphic record engraved on the Dargah (mausoleum) of the famous saint Hazrat Shah Makdhum (Rh.) indicates that the antiquity of Rajshahi goes back to at least 1634 A.D. The town was given importance in 1825, when the East India Company shifted the administrative headquarters of the district of Rajshahi from Natore to then Rampur Boalia, mainly for the ease of communication from Calcutta through the Hooghly river, Bhairab River and Padma river. Rajshahi Municipality, which was one of the first municipalities in Bangladesh, was established in 1876. Rajshahi Municipality was renamed as Rajshahi Pourashabha, and finally, Rajshahi Pourshava was declared Rajshahi City Corporation in 1991. Besides the City Corporation, a governing body named Rajshahi Unnayan Kortripokhkho (Rajshahi Development Authority-RDA) is there to plan the development of the city and to coordinate all the development related work.

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Rajshahi district
Rajshahi District (Bengali: রাজশাহী জেলা) is a district in north-western Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division. The metropolitan city of Rajshahi is in Rajshahi District.
Rajshahi district is bounded by Naogaon District on the north, Natore District on the east, Chapai Nababganj District on the south and the river Padma to the south.
There are ten rivers in this district, totaling 146 km in length. the main river is Padma River (Ganges). Some others are Mahananda, Baral and Barnai river.
Administrator of Zila Porishod: Mahbub Jamal Bhulu [1]
Deputy Commissioner (DC): Md. Abdul Hannan [2]
Sub-district or upazillas of Rajshahi
Rajshai district has well organized internal communication as well as connection to other parts of the country. There are 96 metalled roads with a total length of about 1270 km, 108 semi-metalled roads of about 546 km length, and six railways of about 63 km total length.
Rajshahi has been regarded as the bread-basket of Bangladesh. Recent agricultural modernizations with the much-lauded Barendra project has increased crop-diversification, allowed farmers to access better analysis of their farmland's chemical composition, and generally allowed farmers to grow as many as three crops every year instead of the usual one crop. Moreover, agro-processing is also thought to have an extremely bright future in this region of the country; industry experts predict that gas connection with the rest of the country will allow Rajshahi to fulfill its true potential and generally emerge as one of the most economically vibrant parts of Bangladesh.

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Rajshahi District
Rajshahi District (Bengali: রাজশাহী জেলা) is a district in north-western Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division. The metropolitan city of Rajshahi is in Rajshahi District.
Rajshahi district is bounded by Naogaon District on the north, Natore District on the east, Chapai Nababganj District on the south and the river Padma to the south.
There are ten rivers in this district, totaling 146 km in length. the main river is Padma River (Ganges). Some others are Mahananda, Baral and Barnai river.
Administrator of Zila Porishod: Mahbub Jamal Bhulu [1]
Deputy Commissioner (DC): Md. Abdul Hannan [2]
Sub-district or upazillas of Rajshahi
Rajshai district has well organized internal communication as well as connection to other parts of the country. There are 96 metalled roads with a total length of about 1270 km, 108 semi-metalled roads of about 546 km length, and six railways of about 63 km total length.
Rajshahi has been regarded as the bread-basket of Bangladesh. Recent agricultural modernizations with the much-lauded Barendra project has increased crop-diversification, allowed farmers to access better analysis of their farmland's chemical composition, and generally allowed farmers to grow as many as three crops every year instead of the usual one crop. Moreover, agro-processing is also thought to have an extremely bright future in this region of the country; industry experts predict that gas connection with the rest of the country will allow Rajshahi to fulfill its true potential and generally emerge as one of the most economically vibrant parts of Bangladesh.

wn.com/Rajshahi_District
Rampur Boalia
The city of Rajshahi (Bengali: রাজশাহী) is the divisional headquarters of Rajshahi division as well as the administrative district that bears its name and is one of the six metropolitan cities of Bangladesh. Often referred to as Silk City and Education City, Rajshahi is located in the north-west of the country and has an estimated population of around 1000,000 people. Its total area is 96.69 km² (37.33 sq mi) and is situated on the northern banks of the river Padma (or Ganges which is one of the major rivers of the Indian subcontinent). Rajshahi consists of 4 Thanas, 35 Wards and 175 Mahallahs.
Rajshahi was formerly known as Rampur Boalia. An epigraphic record engraved on the Dargah (mausoleum) of the famous saint Hazrat Shah Makdhum (Rh.) indicates that the antiquity of Rajshahi goes back to at least 1634 A.D. The town was given importance in 1825, when the East India Company shifted the administrative headquarters of the district of Rajshahi from Natore to then Rampur Boalia, mainly for the ease of communication from Calcutta through the Hooghly river, Bhairab River and Padma river. Rajshahi Municipality, which was one of the first municipalities in Bangladesh, was established in 1876. Rajshahi Municipality was renamed as Rajshahi Pourashabha, and finally, Rajshahi Pourshava was declared Rajshahi City Corporation in 1991. Besides the City Corporation, a governing body named Rajshahi Unnayan Kortripokhkho (Rajshahi Development Authority-RDA) is there to plan the development of the city and to coordinate all the development related work.

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Rasulpur River
The Rasulpur River (also spelt Rasalpur) is a tributary of the Hooghly River. The Rasulpur flows through Paschim Medinipur and Purba Medinipur districts. It flows as Bagda River until Kalinagar and then flows as Rasulpur River. Its tributaries are Itaberia Khal and Mugberia Khal. It joins the Hooghly shortly after Kaukhali lighthouse,opposite Sagar Island.
Coordinates: 21°47′N 87°54′E / 21.783°N 87.9°E / 21.783; 87.9

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Rupnarayan River
The Rupnarayan River is a river in India. It begins as the Dhaleswari (Dhalkisor) in the Chhota Nagpur plateau foothills northeast of the town of Purulia. It then follows a tortuous southeasterly course past the town of Bankura, where it is known as the Dwarakeswar river. Near the town of Ghatal it is joined by the Silai, where it takes the name Rupnarayan. Finally, it joins the Hoogli River. It is famous for the Hilsa fish that live in it and are used in Bengali cuisine. It is also notable for the West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited (WBPDCL) thermal power plant at Kolaghat.
Coordinates: 22°13′N 88°03′E / 22.217°N 88.05°E / 22.217; 88.05

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Surma River
The Surma River (Bengali: সুরমা নদী Shurma Nodi) is a major river in Bangladesh, part of the Surma-Meghna River System. It starts when the Barak River from northeast India divides at the Bangladesh border into the Surma and the Kushiyara rivers. It ends in Kishoreganj District, above Bhairab Bazar, where the two rivers rejoin to form the Meghna River. The waters from the river ultimately flow into the Bay of Bengal.
The average depth of river is 282 feet (86 m) and maximum depth is 550 feet (170 m).
From its source in the Manipur Hills near Mao Songsang, the river is known as the Barak River. At the border with Bangladesh, the river divides with the northern branch being called the Surma River and the southern the Kushiyara River. This is where the river enters the Sylhet Depression (or trough) which forms the Surma Basin.
The Surma is fed by tributaries from the Meghalaya Hills to the north, and is also known as the Baulai River after it is joined by the south-flowing Someswari River.
The Kushiyara receives tributaries from the Sylhet Hills and Tripura Hills to the south, the principal one from the Tripura Hills being the Manu. The Kushiyara is also known as the Kalni River after it is joined by a major offshoot (distributary) from the Surma. When the Surma and the Kushiyara finally rejoin in Kishoreganj District above Bhairab Bazar, the river is known as the Meghna River.

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Teesta River
River Teesta or Tista (Bengali: তিস্তাDevanagari टीस्ता) is said to be the lifeline of the Indian state of Sikkim, flowing for almost the entire length of the state and carving out verdant Himalayan temperate and tropical river valleys. The emerald-coloured river then forms the border between Sikkim and West Bengal before joining the Brahmaputra as a tributary in Bangladesh. The total length of the river is 309 km (192 mi). with it drains an area of 12,540 km².
The river originates from Tso Lhamo in North Sikkim at an elevation of 5,330 m (17,487 ft) above sea level in the Himalaya. This lake lies to the east of the Donkia pass next to the Western base of Pauhunri and is formed by the melting of the Tista Khantse glacier.
The Teesta River is then fed by rivulets which arise in the Thangu, Yumthang and Donkia-La ranges. The river then flows past the town of Rangpo where Rangpo River merges into it and where it forms the border between Sikkim and West Bengal up to Teesta Bazaar. Just before the Teesta Bridge, where the roads from Kalimpong and Darjeeling join, the river is met by its main tributary, the Rangeet River. At this point, it changes course southwards flowing into West Bengal. The river hits the plains at Sevoke, 22 km (14 mi) north of Siliguri, where it is spanned by the Coronation Bridge which links the northeast states to the rest of India. The river then courses its way to Jalpaiguri and then to Rangpur district of Bangladesh, before finally merging with the mighty Brahmaputra at Fulchori.

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Thakuran River
Thakuran River (Bengali: ঠাকুরণ নদী) (also called Jamira) is a tidal estuarine river that forms a wide estuary in and around the Sundarbans in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
It originates near Jaynagar and has a number of connections with the Saptamukhi and forms the boundary between Mathurapur and Jaynagar blocks.
The Thakuran system is very wide near the sea face. The major lateral branches of the Thakuran system on the western side are the Kadrakhali Khal, the Damdama Khal, the Moni River, the Pukchara, the Raidighi, the Shibua Gang, the Pakhirali Khal, and the Ross Creek,.The link channel on the eastern side are mostly meander loops, such as the Bainchapi Khal, the Gura Khal, the Kaikalmari-Ajmalmari-Suia River, the Dulibhasani Gang, and the Chulkati gang. These loops are interconnected amongst themselves by an intricate mesh of tidal channels.
Parts of the forested area around the Thakuran are protected. They retain their natural mangrove habitat. The area east of the Thakuran falls under the core area of the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve - an area where no access is generally allowed to casual bird-watchers or tourists.

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Torsa River
Torsa River (also spelt Torsha and also known as Machu and Amo Chhu) rises from the Chumbi Valley in Tibet, China, where it is known as Machu. It flows into Bhutan, where it is known as the Amo Chu. It has total length of 358 km, out of which 113 km in China and 145 km in Bhutan before flowing into the northern part of West Bengal in India.
It flows past the important border towns of Phuntsholing (in Bhutan) and Jaigaon (on the Indian side of the border) and past the great tea estate of Dalsingpara and the Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary. The beautiful landscape here is ideal for family picnics, and the wildlife sanctuary has tigers, rhinoceros and deer of many varieties. a tributary known as Buri Torsa meets Jaldhaka. Ghargharia river meets with Torsa in the Tufanganj subdivision, near Deocharai and Balarampur Torsa meets with Kaljani and it then flows into Bangladesh by the name of Kaljani and meets with Brahmaputra in BD. A distributary known as Buri Torsa meets Jaldhaka.
Ghargharia river meets with Torsa in the Tufanganj subdivision, near Deocharai and Balarampur Torsa meets with Kaljani and it then flows into Bangladesh by the name of Kaljani and meets with the Jamuna there.^{[clarification needed]}

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Tripura
Tripura /ˈtrɪpərə/ is a state in North East India, and one of the Seven Sister States. The third smallest state of India, it occupies an area of 4,051 sq mi (10,490 km²). Tripura is surrounded by Bangladesh on the north, south, and west. The Indian states of Assam and Mizoram lie to its east. The state capital is Agartala. A landlocked state, Tripura's geography is characterized by several north-south laid parallel hill ranges with intervening valleys, and plain in the western part of the state.
The area of the modern Tripura was part of an independent Tripuri kingdom that ruled for several centuries, probably millennia. It was known as "Hill Tippera" during the British rule in India. The kingdom merged with independent India on 15 October 1949 by the Tripura Merger Agreement. Ethnic strife between original tribes and largely migrant Bengali population led to tension and scattered violence since 1970s. Establishment of an autonomous tribal zone soothed such tensions to a great extent, and the state remains peaceful, as of 2012.

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Turag River
The Turag River (Bengali: তুরাগ নদী [t̪uraɡ nɔd̪i]) is the upper tributary of the Buriganga, a major river in Bangladesh. The Turag originates from the Bangshi River, the latter an important tributary of the Dhaleshwari River, flows through Gazipur and joins the Buriganga at Mirpur in Dhaka District. It is navigable by boat all year round.
Exemplifying the riverine character of Dhaka, the Turag is abundant in fish but suffers from acute water pollution. While attempts have been made to marginally widen the river, the majority of industry has made little effort to follow environmental law and the water has become visibly discolored.
Tabligh Jam'at, a popular Islamic movement originating in South Asia, initially took hold in Dhaka in the 1950s as Maulana Abdul Aziz and other leaders set up the regional headquarters at the Kakrail Mosque near Ramna Park. An initiative of the movement is an emphasis on the six uṣūl or "basic principles," two of which include ilm, the pursuit of knowledge, and dhikr or zikr, a method of prayer involving repetitive invocation of hadith and Qur'an passages. To this end, the movement places importance on ijtema or assembly, where members gather to practice and participate in dhikr, hear religious sermons and discuss their activities.

wn.com/Turag_River

James Rennell
Major James Rennell, FRS (3 December 1742 – 29 March 1830) was an English geographer, historian and a pioneer of oceanography.
Rennell was born near Chudleigh in Devon. His father, John Rennell, an officer in the Royal Artillery, was killed in action shortly after the birth of his son; his mother made a "poor second marriage", leading to Rennell being brought up by a guardian, the Rev. Gilbert Burrington, vicar of Chudleigh.
Rennell entered the navy as a midshipman in 1756 at the age of fourteen, and was present at the attack on Cherbourg (1758), and the disastrous action of St Cast in the same year. In 1760 he went out to the East Indian station, and served in the Grafton under Captain Hyde Parker (1714–1782) during the three following years, when he saw some active service, including a cutting-out expedition at Pondicherry. He soon mastered the theory and practice of marine surveying, and, on account of his proficiency in this regard, Parker lent his services to the East India Company. He served for a year on board one of the company's ships bound to the Philippines, with the object 'of establishing new branches of trade with the natives of the intervening places'. During this cruise Rennell drew several charts and plans of harbours, some of which have been engraved by Dalrymple.

wn.com/James_Rennell

Twin quarter collapse by Padma River.asf

double storied Building collapsed by erosion of Mighty Padma...

published: 14 Dec 2011

author: nhh183

Speed Boat on Padma River.

Speed Boat on Padma River. From Kawrakandi To Mawa via Majhikandi / From Mawa To Kawrakand...

published: 18 Jan 2012

author: fahim0206

The Padma river. Natural beauty of Bangladesh. Video by mee. 23-02-2011

video by me... the padma river.. chandpur,bangladesh...

published: 31 Mar 2011

author: Shariful islam sheikh

PADMA RIVER 2009

...

published: 11 Jul 2011

author: mahfuzuddaula

Hardinge Bridge From Lalon Shah Bridge over Padma river

I was going home from my university by this road. When I came to Hardinge Bridge I thought...

published: 26 Jul 2011

author: 73himu

Dry Padma river in Rajshahi 1

...

published: 19 Mar 2009

author: Tareq Salahuddin

Sunset in the Padma river

This video was taken while going by launch crossing Aricha-Daulatdia, this is Padma,once b...

published: 04 Aug 2012

author: Mohammed Kabir

Dhaka road nad padma river

Ferries in padma river......

published: 03 Jul 2008

author: mahfuzuddaula

Dry Padma river in Rajshahi 2

...

published: 19 Mar 2009

author: Tareq Salahuddin

ferry Aricha

ferry Aricha, Bangladesh...

published: 12 Sep 2006

author: aminul hassan

padma river scene.3gp

Bangladesh biggest river padma scene...

published: 01 Feb 2011

author: myplace2060

Padma River Erosion at Dohar (27-08-2012)

...

published: 27 Aug 2012

author: theindonline

Soumitra-Sumon Bathing in Padma River during reporting.3gp

Soumita and Sumon were bathing in the Padma River while they were covering news at Kharcha...

published: 01 Jun 2011

author: soumitraraj

Padma River - Wiki Article

The Padma (Bengali: পদ্মা Pôdda) is a major trans-boundary river in Bangladesh. It is the ...

published: 19 Nov 2012

author: WikiPlays

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photo: UN / Shareef Sarhan

File- A view of the outer perimeter of Palestine Stadium, severely damaged by Israeli air strikes in Gaza City earlier this week, 19 November, 2012.

The End of Jewish Power

WorldNews.com

02 Dec 2012

Article by WN.com Guest Writer Gilad Atzmon. Israel suffered a humiliating defeat at The UN recently. The nations of the world stood up and said NO to the Jewish state - NO to Israeli occupation, NO to Israeli human rights abuse, NO to Jewish racism. In effect, they stood up and confessed to serious Zio-fatigue ... This is a very good news indeed. But interestingly, this united opposition to Israel is not in response to Israeli strength ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)

photo: AP / Bassem Tellawi

A Syrian man reads a newspaper covering Barack Obama's victory in the U.S. Presidential election as he stands in front of a picture of Syrian President Bashar Assad in Damascus, Syria, Wednesday, Nov. 5, 2008. In Syria, a nation isolated by the Bush administration in the last few years, the people and political analysts were hopeful Obama would work for peace in the Mideast and improve America's image and his win proved the failure of Bush's policies. Relations with Washington have started to improve recently but plummeted after a U.S. commando raid across the Iraq border into Syria killed eight people last m

Obama warns Syria against using chemical weapons

The Guardian

04 Dec 2012

WASHINGTON (AP) â President Barack Obama warned Syria on Monday that the use of chemical weapons would be "totally unacceptable" and that the country's leaders would be held accountable ... Obama stopped short of detailing those consequences....(size: 6.7Kb)

photo: AP / Anja Niedringhaus

U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon speaks at the Human Rights Council at the United Nations in Geneva, Switzerland

Israel settlement bid a 'fatal blow' to peace

New Straits/Business Times

03 Dec 2012

UNITED NATIONS. UN leader Ban Ki-moon warned Sunday that if Israel implemented its latest plan for new settlements it would deal an “almost fatal blow” to any prospects for peace with the Palestinians.   Israel’s announcement about the 3,000 Jewish settler homes, whose planned location was not revealed, came in the wake of a historic vote by the United Nations General Assembly to upgrade Palestine’s diplomatic status ... ....(size: 4.2Kb)

photo: AP / Patrick Semansky

Army Pfc. Bradley Manning, center, steps out of a security vehicle as he is escorted into a courthouse in Fort Meade, Md., Wednesday, Nov. 28, 2012, for a pretrial hearing.

Pfc. Manning: From Bloody Eagle to Bloody Cage

WorldNews.com

02 Dec 2012

Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. Much like the United States, the Vikings were a paradoxical and duplicitous civilization. Not only were they highly skilled shipbuilders and tremendous explorers, not to mention their expertise in the fishing, farming and trading industries, but they helped establish and contribute to the nation-states of France, England, Ireland, Germany, Russia, and Iceland ... This came to mind when Pfc....(size: 5.5Kb)

photo: AP / Sang Tan, File

FILE - In this Sept. 1, 2010, file photo, Hamadoun Toure, chief of the U.N.'s telecommunication agency talks to Associated Press in London.

Clashes over Internet rules to mark Dubai meeting

The News Tribune

03 Dec 2012

DUBAI, United Arab Emirates — A major U.S. delegation is in Dubai to lead opposition to possible new Internet regulations at a U.N. conference ... and Microsoft Corp. ....(size: 0.9Kb)

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Bangladeshi director rues lack of viewers for 'Antardhan'

Newstrack India

16 Nov 2012

Tweet ... The film, Diamond's third cinematic work, hinges on the rapid drying and impending desertification of the once?mighty Padma river. "Padma has been a source of livelihood for thousands of people but now, it looks like a vast desert ... Some people still recall their sweet memories sitting by the river ... ) .. ).. Comments. ... . . . . . .. . . .. ....(size: 2.4Kb)

Dasmunsi urges Khaleda Zia to raise hilsa supply to Kolkata

The Times of India

30 Oct 2012

NEW DELHI. Scarcity of Padma Hilsa (named after Padma river in Bangladesh) in Kolkata found a mention at the luncheon meeting hosted by the Prime Minister for Bangladesh leader of opposition Begum Khaleda Zia ... "I mentioned about the major decline in their availability in our state capital ... This is due to rapid industrialization along the river and high level of pollution ... ....(size: 1.6Kb)

World Bank names former ICC prosecutor to head corruption panel

The Star

06 Oct 2012

The World Bank cancelled funding for the Padma River development in Bangladesh in June, saying it had "credible evidence" of high-level corruption among Bangladeshi government officials. The Padma Multipurpose Bridge, at 4 miles (6.2 km) long, would be the longest water crossing in the country, linking the underdeveloped south with the capital Dhaka and the main port of Chittagong....(size: 2.7Kb)

Suspected Maoist killed by kin

The Times of India

05 Oct 2012

A suspected Maoist supporter was allegedly beaten to death and the body was thrown into the turbulent Padma river near Pipalapanka in Ganjam district's Sorada police station limit, about 90 km from here. Limbs of the deceased, Rajesh Mallick (30), were tied up by two of his relatives before the body was thrown into the river, police said....(size: 1.6Kb)

The World Bank battles corruption in Bangladesh

Foreign Policy

27 Sep 2012

For months now, the World Bank and the government of Bangladesh have been sparring over a planned Bank loan to help construct a bridge over the Padma River. The Bank backed out of the project in June, insisting that it had uncovered evidence of high-level corruption ... The Bank presented a stiff list of conditions ... The Bank remains concerned about corruption in Bangladesh in general and in the Padma bridge project in particular ...  . ....(size: 3.8Kb)

World Bank could revisit Bangladesh loan cut-off

France24

21 Sep 2012

In late June, the Washington-based lender cancelled its planned financing for the $3 billion Padma bridge project, saying the government in Dhaka had not cooperated in investigating "high-level" corruption in the project ... The proposed 6.2-kilometer (3.8-mile) bridge over the Padma river -- the local name for the Ganges -- will connect the capital Dhaka to the country's coastal districts....(size: 1.9Kb)

World Bank revives loan for Bangladesh's mega bridge project

CNTV

21 Sep 2012

21 (Xinhua) -- The World Bank has decided to revives a 1.2-bln IDA loan for Bangladesh's Padma Multipurpose Bridge project, the global lender announced in a statement received here in Dhaka Friday ... The 10 km-long bridge will be built over Padma River, one of the three biggest rivers in Bangladesh. About 6.15 km of the bridge will be built over the river while the remaining part on both banks....(size: 7.9Kb)

World Bank to support Bangladesh river project

The Siasat Daily

21 Sep 2012

The World Bank plans to restart negotiations on a $1.2 billion loan to Bangladesh for building a bridge over the Padma river ... "The World Bank remains vigilant to any signs of corruption in the Padma bridge project," the Daily Star quoted a statement from the lender as saying ... World Bank to support Bangladesh river projectGlobal retailers welcome ......(size: 2.3Kb)

World Bank agrees conditions to resume Bangladesh bridge funding

Reuters

21 Sep 2012

The World Bank withdrew a $1.2 billion line of credit for the 6.2-km (4-mile) bridge over the Padma River, which would be the longest water crossing in the country, saying it had "credible evidence" of high-level corruption among Bangladeshi government officials ... Bank will engage anew in the Padma multipurpose bridge," the World Bank statement said....(size: 1.9Kb)

India, Bangladesh to strengthen cultural ties

Newstrack India

11 Sep 2012

The Bangladesh delegation will visit Kolkata to present replicas of the Padma and Chapola houseboats Wednesday to Visva Bharati University in Shantiniketan and ... Rabindranath Tagore had composed some of his works in the houseboats on the Padma river while overseeing his family estates in Silaidah, Shahzadpur and Patisar for a decade from 1890....(size: 2.4Kb)

Replicas of Tagore’s houseboats for India

The Hindu

10 Sep 2012

He would hand over the ‘Padma’ ... The Nobel laureate penned many of his significant works while sailing on the Padma river on these houseboats overseeing his family estates in Silaidah, Shahzadpur and Patisar of East Bengal for over a decade from 1890....(size: 1.3Kb)

Bangladesh to hand over Tagore's houseboat to India

New Straits/Business Times

10 Sep 2012

NEW DELHI ...  . Tagore had composed some of his works in the houseboats on the Padma River while overseeing his family estates in Silaidah, Shahzadpur and Patisar for a decade from 1890, Indo-Asian News Agency Reported. ... ... ... Anisurzaman, would reach Delhi on Sept 10 ... ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)

B'desh to hand over replicas of Tagore's houseboat

Zeenews

08 Sep 2012

The houseboat occupied a key part of Tagore's life as he used the vessel to sail along the Padma river, carrying out his managerial duties for the Tagore family's estates in Silaidah, Shahzadpur and Patisar for a decade from 1890 and enjoying the breathtaking beauty of rural ......(size: 1.5Kb)

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It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Ganges. (Discuss) Proposed since September 2011.

This article is about the river. For other uses, see Padma (disambiguation).

Padma River
Padma River in Bangladesh
Origin	Himalayas
Mouth	Bay of Bengal
Basin countries	India, Bangladesh
Location	Nawabganj, Rajshahi, Pabna, Kushtia, Faridpur, Rajbari, and Chandpur District
Length	120 kilometres (75 mi)
Avg. discharge	Annual average: 35,000 m³/s (1,200,000 cu ft/s) During monsoon season: 750,000 m³/s (26,000,000 cu ft/s) During dry season: 15,000 m³/s (530,000 cu ft/s)
River system	Ganges River System

A Map showing major rivers in Bangladesh including Padma.

The Padma (Bengali: পদ্মা Pôdda) is a major trans-boundary river in Bangladesh. It is the main distributary of the Ganges (Bengali: গঙ্গা Gôngga),^{[dubious – discuss]} which originates in the Himalayas. The Padma enters Bangladesh from India near Chapai Nababganj. It meets the Jamuna (Bengali: যমুনা Jomuna) near Aricha and retains its name, but finally meets with the Meghna (Bengali: মেঘনা) near Chandpur and adopts the name 'Meghna' before flowing into the Bay of Bengal.

Rajshahi, a major city in western Bangladesh, is situated on the north bank of the Padma. Its maximum depth is 1,571 feet (479 m) and average depth is 968 feet (295 m).

1 Course
2 Mythology
3 Damming
4 Bridge
5 Early History
- 5.1 Pabna District
- 5.2 Kushtia District
6 Gallery
7 See also
8 References

Course [link]

Originated in the Gangotri Glacier of the Himalaya, the Ganges runs to the Bay of Bengal through India, entering Bangladesh at Shibganj in the district of Chapai Nababganj. Just west of Shibganj, the distributary Bhagirathi emerges and flows southwards as the Hooghly. After the point where the Bhagirathi branches off, the Ganges is officially referred to as the Padma and the river Bhagirathi uses the name of Ganga. Later the British started calling it the Hoogly river.

Spritsailed boat on Padma River

Further downstream, in Goalando, 2200 km away from the source, the Padma is joined by the mighty Jamuna (Lower Brahmaputra) and the resulting combination flows with the name Padma further east, to Chandpur. Here, the widest river in Bangladesh, the Meghna, joins the Padma, continuing as the Meghna almost in a straight line to the south, ending in the Bay of Bengal.

Mythology [link]

File:Padma river.jpg

River Padma in Rainy Season

The Padma (Sanskrit for lotus flower^[1]) is numerously mentioned in Hindu Mythology including the Vedas, the Puranas,^[2] the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.^{[citation needed]} In all the epic stories, the river is mentioned as byname for the Goddess Lakshmi though the origin differs.

Damming [link]

After building of Farakka Barrage on the upstream of the river in Indian West Bengal the capacity of the river was reduced significantly.^[3]

Bridge [link]

A road-rail bridge is proposed in 2009.^[4]

Padma bridge is the largest bridge of Bangladesh(proposed). It will cost ৳3000 kuti to finish. It will be used in 2013.

Early History [link]

This section may be confusing or unclear to readers. Please help clarify the section; suggestions may be found on the talk page. (April 2011)

This section may need to be rewritten entirely to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The discussion page may contain suggestions. (April 2011)

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[edit] Pabna District

The Padma forms the whole of the southern boundary of the district for a distance of about 90 miles. The name Padma is given to the lower part of the course of the Ganges below the point of the off-take of the Bhagirathi (India). Padma had, most probably, flown through a number of channels at different times. Some authors contend that each distributary of the Ganges in its deltaic part is a remnant of an old channel and that starting from the western-most one, the Bhagirathi (in West Bengal, India) each distributary of the east marks a position of a newar channel than the one to the west of it.

It would be worthwhile to mention here the views of Rennell, who referred to a course of the Ganges in the north of its present channel. "Appearances favour very strongly" says Rennell, "that the Ganges had its former bed i,n the tract now Occupied by the lakes and morasses between Natore and Jaffargunge, striking out of the present course by Dhaka to a junction of Brahmapooter or Meghna near Fringybazar, where accumulation of two such mighty streams probably scooped out the present amazing bed of the Meghna". The places mentioned by Rennell proceeding from west to east are Rampur Boali, the headquarters of Rajshahi district, Puthia and Natore in the same district and Jaffarganj in the district of Dhaka. The place last named were shown in a map of the Mymensingh district dated 1861, as a thana headquarters. about 6 miles south-east of Bera Police Station. It is now known as Payla Jaffarganj and is close to Elachipur opposite Goalunda. According to Rennell's theory, therefore, the probable former course of the Ganges would correspond with that of the present channel of the Baral.

Although conclusive proofs of what has been stated above are lacking, authorities more or less agree that the Ganges has changed its course and that in different times, each Or the distributary might have been the carrier of its main stream.

The bed of the Padma is wide, and the river is split up into several channels flowing between constantly shifting sand banks and islands. During the rains the current is very strong and even steamers may find difficult in making headway against it. It is navigable at all seasons of the year by steamers and country boats of all sizes and until recently ranked as one the most frequented waterways in the world. It is spanned near Paksey by the great Hardinge Bridge over which runs one of the main lines of the Bangladesh Railway.

[edit] Kushtia District

The mighty Padma (the portion of the Ganges between its junctions with Bhagirathi and Brahmaputra also known as the lower Ganges), touches the district at its most northerly corner, at the point where it throws off the Jalangi, and flows along the northern border in a direction slightly south-east, until it leaves the district some miles to the east of Kushtia. It carries immense volumes of water and is very wide at places, constantly shifting its main channel eroding vast areas on one bank throwing chars on the other giving rise to many disputes as to the possession of the chars and islands which are thrown up.

Gallery [link]

Padma River View

References [link]

v t e Rivers in and around Bengal

Southeast Bangladesh	Halda Karnaphuli Naf

Assam / Meghalaya / Tripura	Barak Brahmaputra Feni Kangsha Kushiyara Manu Meghna Muhuri Myntdu Someshwari Surma Surma-Meghna Titas / Haora Gumti Khowai

Northern Bangladesh North Bengal	Atrai Balason Bangali Baral Dharla Dhepa Gumani Jaldhaka Karatoya Khong Khola Mahananda Mechi Punarbhaba Raidak or Wong Chhu Rangeet Tangon Teesta Torsa/Machu/Amo Chhu

Central Bangladesh	Bangshi Buriganga Dhaleshwari Gorai-Madhumati Jamuna Louhajang Padma Shitalakhya Turag

Chotanagpur	Ajay Bakreshwar Bansloi Barakar Brahmani Damodar Dwarka Dwarakeswar Gandheswari Haldi Hinglo Kangsabati Keleghai Kopai Kosai Kunur Mayurakshi Mundeswari Rasulpur Rupnarayan Sali Shilabati Subarnarekha

South Bengal Ganges Delta	Adi Ganga Baleshwar Bidyadhari Bura Gauranga Churni Gosaba Hariabhanga Hooghly Ichamati Jalangi Kalindi Matla Muri Ganga Pasur Piyali Raimangal Saptamukhi Saraswati Thakuran

Related topics	Beel Country boats in Bangladesh Chalan Beel Ganges Haor Haors in Bangladesh List of rivers of Bangladesh of India Waters of South Asia Damodar Valley Corporation

Hydrography of surrounding areas	Orissa Jharkhand Bihar Nepal Sikkim Bhutan North-east India

Coordinates: 23°15′42″N 90°35′41″E / 23.26167°N 90.59472°E / 23.26167; 90.59472

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Contents

Course [link]

Mythology [link]

Damming [link]

Bridge [link]

Early History [link]

[edit] Pabna District

[edit] Kushtia District

Gallery [link]

See also [link]

References [link]

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