The unidentified tailor in Giovanni Battista Moroni's famous portrait of ca 1570 is in doublet and lined and stuffed ("bombasted") hose.

A doublet it a man's snug-fitting buttoned jacket that is shaped and fitted to the man's body which was worn in Western Europe from the Middle Ages through to the mid-17th century. The doublet was hip length or waist length and worn over the shirt or drawers. Until the end of the 15th century the doublet was worn under another layer of clothing such as a gown, mantle, or overtunic. The term also refers to a formal jacket worn with highland dress, a variation of which is called an Argyll jacket or Prince Charlie jacket (or coatee).

Originally it was a mere stitched and quilted lining ("doubling"), worn under a hauberk or cuirass to prevent bruising and chafing. Doublets were frequently opened to the waistline in a deep V. The edges might be left free or laced across the shirt front. If there was space left it might be filled with a stomacher. By the 1520s, the edges of the doublet met at the center front. Then, like many other originally practical items in the history of men's wear, from the late 15th century onward it became elaborated enough to be seen on its own. A similar jacket, the sherwani, is worn today in India.

Throughout the 300 years of its use, the doublet served the same purpose: to give fashionable shape and padding to the body, to support the hose by providing ties, and to provide warmth to the body. The only thing that changed about the doublet over its history was its style and cut.

History[link]

The doublet developed from the padded garments worn under armour, such as the gambeson, aketon, arming doublet.^[1]

Fourteenth and fifteenth centuries[link]

Doublets of the 14th and 15th centuries were generally hip-length, sometimes, shorter, worn over the shirt and hose, with a houppelande or other form of overgown.

From the late 14th century, doublets were cut and padded to give the wearer an egg-shaped or pigeon-breasted silhouette, a fashion that gradually died out in favor of a flatter natural fit.

Later sixteenth century[link]

Through the Tudor period, fashionable doublets remained close-fitting with tight sleeves, but acquired long skirts and elaborate surface decoration such as pinks (patterns of small cuts in the fabric), slashes, embroidery, and applied braid.

In the early Elizabethan period, doublets were padded over the belly with bombast in a "pouter pigeon" or "peascod" silhouette. Sleeve attachments at the shoulder were disguised by decorative wings, tabs, or piccadills, and short skirt-like peplums or piccadills covered the waist of the hose or breeches. Padding gradually fell out of fashion again, and the doublet became close-fitting with a deep V-waistline.

More images:

• Edward VI in an elaborately trimmed and pinked, long-skirted late Tudor doublet under a crimson gown with hanging sleeves.
• Martin Frobisher in a peascod-bellied doublet under a buff jerkin.
• Sir Philip Sidney, when governor of Flushing in the Low Countries, chose to be portrayed in his doublet, but still in a gorget, as if he were caught in the act of setting aside his armour to institute a civil government.

Seventeenth century[link]

Charles I in the doublet and breeches fastened with points of 1629, by Daniel Mijtens the Elder.

By the 17th century, doublets were short-waisted. A typical sleeve of this period was full and slashed to show the shirt beneath; a later style was full and paned or slashed to just below the elbow and snug below. Decorative ribbon points were pulled through eyelets on the breeches and the waist of the doublet to keep the breeches in place, and were tied in elaborate bows.

The doublet fell permanently out of fashion in the mid-17th century when Louis XIV of France and Charles II of England established a court costume for men consisting of a long coat, a waistcoat, a cravat, a wig, and breeches—the ancestor of the modern suit.

Highland Dress[link]

Doublet is also a term describing a type of jacket worn with formal highland dress. This garment is similar to a mess jacket, with buttoned gauntlet cuffs, short or no skirts, and with or without lapels. It may have a row of silver heraldic buttons on each side. It may be worn with a lace jabot and cuff set, and a high-buttoned waistcoat. It is typically made of velvet or wool, with satin lapels, and may feature epaulettes. The highland doublet is jacobean in style and may date to that period or earlier.

The Regulation kilt doublet is a typically black double-breasted jacket with satin peaked lapels, buttoned gauntlet cuffs, and epaulettes, similar to the Prince Charlie coatee, which it pre-dates. Unlike the coatee, which is cut like a mess jacket, the doublet has braided "tashes" (otherwise known as Inverness skirts/flaps) at the front and back. The Regulation doublet was at one time the regulation uniform jacket of the Highland regiments, and is worn with a three-button waistcoat which may be made from the same cloth as the jacket.

The Balmoral Kilt Doublet is a double-breasted jacket traditionally made from velvet. It is usually worn with a belt and black bow tie. It may be worn for both black tie and white tie events.

The Kenmore kilt doublet is a single-breasted jacket, worn buttoned up (no lapels) and without a waistcoat. It is traditionally made from velvet and is always worn with a belt, lace jabot and cuffs. It may be worn on all formal occasions. It is named after the town of Kenmore which lies at the east of Loch Tay.

The Sheriffmuir kilt doublet is a double-breasted jacket with gauntlet cuffs and a stand collar with no lapels. It is typically worn open with a waistcoat, lace jabot and cuffs. Sheriffmuir lies between Dunblane and Stirling overlooking the Allan Water. In 1715 a battle was fought here between the Jacobites under the Earl of Mar and the Government forces under the Duke of Argyll.

See also[link]

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Doublet.

• 1500–1550 in fashion
• 1550–1600 in fashion
• 1600–1650 in fashion

References[link]

^[clarification needed]

Bibliography[link]

• Janet Arnold: Patterns of Fashion: the cut and construction of clothes for men and women 1560-1620, pajama 1985. Revised edition 1986. (ISBN 0-89676-083-9)

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Doublet (clothing)

• 15th Century Doublets

Look up doublet in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Doublet may refer to:

• Doublet (clothing), a man's snug-fitting buttoned jacket that was worn from the late 14th century to the mid 17th century
• Doublet (lapidary), an assembled gem composed in two sections, such as a garnet overlaying green glass
• Doublet (lens), a type of lens, made up of two stacked layers with different refractive indices
• Doublet (linguistics), one of two or more words of the same language that come from the same root
• Doublet (physics), a quantum state of a system with a spin of ½
• Doublet (potential flow), fluid flow due to a source–sink combination
• Pierre Jean Louis Ovide Doublet (1749–1824), a politician and writer from France
• Word ladder or "doublets", a word game invented by Lewis Carroll
• In mathematics, the unit doublet is the derivative of the Dirac delta function
• In textual criticism, two different narrative accounts of the same actual event
• Dimeresia howellii, a tiny flowering plant.

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Hans Christian Andersen
Born	(1805-04-02)April 2, 1805 Odense, Denmark
Died	August 4, 1875(1875-08-04) (aged 70) Copenhagen, Denmark
Occupation	Novelist, short story writer, fairy tales writer
Nationality	Danish
Genres	Children's literature, travelogue
Influences Ludvig Holberg, William Shakespeare, Christian Johann Heinrich Heine, The Brothers Grimm
Signature

Hans Christian Andersen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhanˀs ˈkʁæsdjan ˈɑnɐsn̩], referred to using the initials H. C. Andersen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhɔːˀ ˈseːˀ ˈɑnɐsn̩]) in Denmark and the rest of Scandinavia; April 2, 1805 – August 4, 1875) was a Danish author, fairy tale writer, and poet noted for his children's stories. These include "The Steadfast Tin Soldier," "The Snow Queen," "The Little Mermaid," "Thumbelina," "The Little Match Girl," and "The Ugly Duckling."

During his lifetime he was acclaimed for having delighted children worldwide, and was feted by royalty. His poetry and stories have been translated into more than 150 languages. They have inspired motion pictures, plays, ballets, and animated films.^[1]

Early life[link]

Hans Christian Andersen was born in the town of Odense, Denmark, on Tuesday, April 2, 1805. He was an only child. "Hans", "Christian" and "Andersen" were (and are) traditional and common Danish names.

Andersen's father, also Hans, considered himself related to nobility. His paternal grandmother had told his father that their family had in the past belonged to a higher social class, but investigations prove these stories unfounded. The family apparently was affiliated with Danish royalty, but through employment or trade. Today, speculation persists that Andersen may have been an illegitimate son of the royal family. In any case, King Frederick VI took a personal interest in him as a youth and paid for a part of his education.^[2] According to writer Rolf Dorset, Andersen's ancestry remains indeterminate. Hans Christian was forced to support himself. He worked as a weaver's apprentice and, later, for a tailor. At 14, he moved to Copenhagen to seek employment as an actor. Having an excellent soprano voice, he was accepted into the Royal Danish Theatre, but his voice soon changed. A colleague at the theatre told him that he considered Andersen a poet. Taking the suggestion seriously, he began to focus on writing.

Andersen's childhood home in Odense

Jonas Collin, who, following a chance encounter with Andersen, immediately felt a great affection for him, sent him to a grammar school in Slagelse, covering all his expenses.^[3] Andersen had already published his first story, The Ghost at Palnatoke's Grave, in 1822. Though not a keen student, he also attended school at Elsinore until 1827.^[4]

He later said his years in school were the darkest and most bitter of his life. At one school, he lived at his schoolmaster's home. There he was abused in order "to improve his character", he was told. He later said the faculty had discouraged him from writing in general, causing him to enter a state of depression.

Career[link]

Paper chimney sweep cut by Andersen

In 1829, Andersen enjoyed considerable success with a short story titled "A Journey on Foot from Holmen's Canal to the East Point of Amager". He also published a comedy and a collection of poems that season. Though he made little progress writing and publishing immediately thereafter, in 1833 he received a small traveling grant from the King, enabling him to set out on the first of many journeys through Europe. At Jura, near Le Locle, Switzerland, he wrote the story, "Agnete and the Merman". He spent an evening in the Italian seaside village of Sestri Levante the same year, inspiring the name, The Bay of Fables. (An annual festival celebrates his visit.^[5]) In October, 1834, he arrived in Rome. Andersen's first novel, "The Improvisatore", was published at the beginning of 1835, becoming an instant success. During these traveling years, Hans Christian Andersen lived in an apartment at number 20, Nyhavn, Copenhagen. There, a memorial plaque was unveiled on May 8, 1935, a gift by Peter Schannong.^[6]

Fairy tales[link]

It was during 1835 that Andersen published the first installment of his immortal Fairy Tales (Danish: '´'Eventyr). More stories, completing the first volume, were published in 1836 and 1837. The quality of these stories was not immediately recognized, and they sold poorly. At the same time, Andersen enjoyed more success with two novels O.T. (1836) and Only a Fiddler.

[edit] Jeg er en Skandinav

Painting of Andersen, 1836, by Christian Albrecht Jensen

After a visit to Sweden in 1837, Andersen became inspired by Scandinavism and committed himself to writing a poem to convey his feeling of relatedness between the Swedes, the Danes and the Norwegians.^[7] It was in July 1839 during a visit to the island of Funen that Andersen first wrote the text of his poem Jeg er en Skandinav (I am a Scandinavian).^[7] Andersen designed the poem to capture "the beauty of the Nordic spirit, the way the three sister nations have gradually grown together" as part of a Scandinavian national anthem.^[7] Composer Otto Lindblad set the poem to music and the composition was published in January 1840. Its popularity peaked in 1845, after which it was seldom sung.^[7] Andersen spent 2 weeks at the Augustenborg Palace in the autumn of 1844.^[8]

Travelogues[link]

In 1851, he published to wide acclaim In Sweden, a volume of travel sketches. A keen traveler, Andersen published several other long travelogues: Shadow Pictures of a Journey to the Harz, Swiss Saxony, etc. etc. in the Summer of 1831 (A Poet's Bazaar (560), In Spain, and A Visit to Portugal in 1866 (The latter describes his visit with his Portuguese friends Jorge and Jose O'Neill, who were his fellows in the mid 1820s while living in Copenhagen.) In his travelogues, Andersen took heed of some of the contemporary conventions about travel writing; but always developed the genre to suit his own purposes. Each of his travelogues combines documentary and descriptive accounts of the sights he saw with more philosophical excurses on topics such as being an author, immortality, and the nature of fiction in the literary travel report. Some of the travelogues, such as In Sweden, even contain fairy-tales.

In the 1840s Andersen's attention returned to the stage, however with no great success at all. His true genius was however proved in the miscellany the Picture-Book without Pictures (1840). The fame of his fairy tales had grown steadily; a second series began in 1838 and a third in 1845. Andersen was now celebrated throughout Europe, although his native Denmark still showed some resistance to his pretensions. Between 1845 and 1864, H. C. Andersen lived in 67, Nyhavn, Copenhagen, where a memorial plaque is placed.^[6]

Personal life[link]

Meetings with Dickens[link]

In June 1847, Andersen paid his first visit to Britain and enjoyed a triumphal social success during the summer. The Countess of Blessington invited him to her parties where intellectual and famous people could meet, and it was at one party that he met Charles Dickens for the first time. They shook hands and walked to the veranda which was of much joy to Andersen. He wrote in his diary, "We had come to the veranda, I was so happy to see and speak to England's now living writer, whom I love the most."^[9]

Ten years later, Andersen visited Britain again, primarily to visit Dickens. He extended a brief visit to Dickens' home into five weeks, to the distress of Dickens' family. Dickens stopped all correspondence between them, after the disastrous stay, much to the great disappointment and confusion of Andersen, who had quite enjoyed the visit, and never understood why his letters went unanswered.^[9]

Love life[link]

The Hanfstaengl portrait of Andersen dated July 1860

In Andersen's early life, his private journal records his refusal to have sexual relations.^[10][11]

Andersen often fell in love with unattainable women and many of his stories are interpreted as references to his sexual grief.^[12] At one point he wrote in his diary: "Almighty God, thee only have I; thou steerest my fate, I must give myself up to thee! Give me a livelihood! Give me a bride! My blood wants love, as my heart does!"^[13] A girl named Riborg Voigt was the unrequited love of Andersen's youth. A small pouch containing a long letter from Riborg was found on Andersen's chest when he died, several decades after he first fell in love with her, and after he supposely fell in love with others. Other disappointments in love included Sophie Ørsted, the daughter of the physicist Hans Christian Ørsted, and Louise Collin, the youngest daughter of his benefactor Jonas Collin. The most famous of these was the opera soprano Jenny Lind. One of his stories, "The Nightingale", was a written expression of his passion for Lind, and became the inspiration for her nickname, the "Swedish Nightingale". Andersen was often shy around women and had extreme difficulty in proposing to Lind. When Lind was boarding a train to take her to an opera concert, Andersen gave Lind a letter of proposal. Her feelings towards him were not the same; she saw him as a brother, writing to him in 1844 "farewell... God bless and protect my brother is the sincere wish of his affectionate sister, Jenny."^[14]

Just as with his interest in women, Andersen would become attracted to nonreciprocating men. For example, Andersen wrote to Edvard Collin:^[15] "I languish for you as for a pretty Calabrian wench... my sentiments for you are those of a woman. The femininity of my nature and our friendship must remain a mystery." Collin, who only preferred women, wrote in his own memoir: "I found myself unable to respond to this love, and this caused the author much suffering." Likewise, the infatuations of the author for the Danish dancer Harald Scharff^[16] and Carl Alexander, the young hereditary duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach,^[17] did not result in any relationships.

In recent times some literary studies have speculated about the homoerotic camouflage in Andersen's works.^[18]

Death[link]

Andersen at Rolighed: Israel Melchior (c. 1867)

In the spring of 1872, Andersen fell out of his bed and was severely hurt. He never fully recovered, but he lived until August 4, 1875, dying of insidious causes in a house called Rolighed (literally: calmness), near Copenhagen, the home of his close friends, the banker Moritz Melchior and his wife.^[19] Shortly before his death, he had consulted a composer about the music for his funeral, saying: "Most of the people who will walk after me will be children, so make the beat keep time with little steps."^[19] His body was interred in the Assistens Kirkegård in the Nørrebro area of Copenhagen.

At the time of his death, he was an internationally renowned and treasured artist. He received a stipend from the Danish Government as a "national treasure". Before his death, steps were already underway to erect the large statue in his honor, which was completed and is prominently placed in Rosenborg Garden ("Kongens Have", sculptor A.V. Saabye, 1880) in Copenhagen.^[1]

Legacy[link]

Postage stamp, Denmark, 1935

In the English-speaking world, stories such as "Thumbelina", "The Snow Queen", "The Little Match Girl", "The Ugly Duckling", "The Little Mermaid", "The Emperor's New Clothes", "The Steadfast Tin Soldier", and "The Princess and the Pea" remain popular and are widely read. "The Emperor's New Clothes" and "The Ugly Duckling" have both passed into the English language as well-known expressions.

In the Copenhagen harbor there is a statue of The Little Mermaid, placed in honor of Hans Christian Andersen. April 2, Andersen's birthday, is celebrated as International Children's Book Day. The year 2005 was the bicentenary of Andersen's birth and his life and work was celebrated around the world.

Hans Christian Andersen and "The Ugly Duckling" in Central Park, New York

In the United States, statues of Hans Christian Andersen may be found in Central Park, New York, Chicago's Lincoln Park and in Solvang, California. The Library of Congress Rare Book and Special Collections Division holds a unique collection of Andersen materials bequeathed by the Danish-American actor Jean Hersholt.^[20] Of particular note is an original scrapbook Andersen prepared for the young Jonas Drewsen.^[21]

The city of Bratislava, Slovakia features a statue of Hans Christian Andersen in memory of his visit in 1841.^[22]

The city of Funabashi, Japan has a children's theme park named after Hans Christian Andersen.^[23]

The city of Malaga, Spain has a statue of Hans Christian Andersen.

In the city of Lublin, Poland is the Puppet & Actor Theatre of Hans Christian Andersen.^[24]

A $13-million theme park based on Andersen's tales and life opened in Shanghai at the end of 2006. Multi-media games as well as all kinds of cultural contests related to the fairy tales are available to visitors. He was chosen as the star of the park because he is a "nice, hardworking person who was not afraid of poverty", Shanghai Gujin Investment general manager Zhai Shiqiang was quoted by the AFP news agency as saying.^[25]

Famous fairy tales[link]

Some of his most famous fairy tales include:

• The Angel (1843) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Bell (1845) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Emperor's New Clothes (1837) University of Southern Denmark
• The Galoshes of Fortune (1838) "Lykkens Kalosker"
• The Fir Tree (1844) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Happy Family (1847)
• The Ice Maiden (1861) "Iisjomfruen"
• It's Quite True! (1852) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Little Match Girl (1848) University of Southern Denmark
• The Little Mermaid (1836) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• Little Tuck (1847) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Nightingale (1844) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Old House (1847) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• Sandman (1841) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Princess and the Pea (1835; also known as The Real Princess) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• Several Things (1837) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Red Shoes (1845) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Shadow (1847) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Shepherdess and the Chimney Sweep (1845)
• The Snow Queen (1844) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Steadfast Tin Soldier (1838) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Story of a Mother (1847) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Swineherd (1841) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• Thumbelina (1835) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Tinderbox (1835) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Ugly Duckling (1844) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)
• The Wild Swans (1838) University of Southern Denmark (Danish)

Influence[link]

Contemporary literary and artistic works inspired by Andersen's stories include:

• "The Naked King" ("Голый Король (Goliy Korol)" 1937), "The Shadow" ("Тень (Ten)" 1940), and "The Snow Queen" ("Снежная Королева (Sniezhenaya Koroleva)" 1948) by Eugene Schwartz: reworked and adapted to the contemporary reality plays by one of Russia's most famous playwrights. Schwartz's versions of "The Shadow" and "The Snow Queen" were later made into movies (1971 and 1966, respectively).
• Sam the Lovesick Snowman at the Center for Puppetry Arts: a contemporary puppet show by Jon Ludwig inspired by The Snow Man.^[26]
• The Ugly Duckling ("Гадкий утенок") (Children's opera) - Opera-Parable By Hans Christian Andersen. For Mezzo-Soprano (Soprano), Three-part Children's Choir And the Piano. 1 Act: 2 Epigraphs, 38 Theatrical Pictures. Length: Approximately 28 minutes. The opera version (Free transcription) Written by Lev Konov (Лев Конов) (1996). On music of Sergei Prokofiev: The Ugly Duckling, op. 18 (1914) And Visions Fugitives, op. 22 (1915–1917). (Vocal score language: Russian, English, German, French). The first representation in Moscow in 1997.
• The Girl Who Trod on a Loaf by Kathryn Davis: a contemporary novel about fairy tales and opera.
• The Snow Queen by Joan Vinge: an award-winning novel that reworks the Snow Queen's themes into epic science fiction.
• The Nightingale by Kara Dalkey: a lyrical adult fantasy novel set in the courts of old Japan.
• The Wild Swans by Peg Kerr: a novel that brings Andersen's fairy tale to colonial and modern America.
• Daughter of the Forest by Juliet Marillier: a romantic fantasy novel, set in early Ireland, thematically linked to "The Wild Swans".
• Birdwing by Rafe Martin, a young adult novel that continues the tale of "The Wild Swans" with the story of Ardwin, the brother whose arm remained a wing.
• The Snow Queen by Eileen Kernaghan: a gentle Young Adult fantasy novel that brings out the tale's subtle pagan and shamanic elements.
• "The Snow Queen", a short story by Patricia A. McKillip (published in Snow White, Blood Red)
• "You, Little Match Girl", a short story by Joyce Carol Oates (published in Black Heart, Ivory Bones)
• "Sparks", a short story by Gregory Frost (based on The Tinder Box, published in Black Swan, White Raven)
• "Steadfast", a short story by Nancy Kress (based on The Steadfast Tin Soldier, published in Black Swan, White Raven)
• "The Sea Hag", a short story by Melissa Lee Shaw (based on The Little Mermaid, published in Silver Birch, Blood Moon)
• "The Real Princess", a short story by Susan Palwick (based on The Princess and the Pea, published in Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears)
• "Match Girl", a short story by Anne Bishop (published in Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears)
• Le Petit Claus et le Grand Claus, (film, 1964), ((Lille Claus og store Claus) by Jacques Prévert, and his brother Pierre Prévert, French TV 1964.
• "The Pangs of Love", a short story by Jane Gardam (based on The Little Mermaid, published in Close Company: Stories of Mothers and Daughters)
• "The Shepherdess and the Chimney Sweep", (film, 1980), French, by Paul Grimault and Jacques Prévert, French title : Le Roi et l'Oiseau (the king and the bird).
• "The Chrysanthemum Robe", a short story by Kara Dalkey (based on The Emperor's New Clothes, published in The Armless Maiden)
• "The Steadfast Tin Soldier", a short story by Joan Vinge (published in Women of Wonder)
• "In the Witch's Garden", a short story by Naomi Kritzer (based on The Snow Queen, published in Realms of Fantasy magazine, October 2002 issue)
• "I Hear the Mermaids Singing", a short story by Nancy Holder (based on The Little Mermaid)
• "The Last Poems About the Snow Queen", a poem cycle by Sandra Gilbert (published in Blood Pressure)
• The Little Mermaid (2005) for children's chorus, narrator, orchestra by Richard Mills
• "La petite marchande d'allumettes", film by Jean Renoir (1928)^[27]
• "The Andersen Project" by Robert Lepage: Freely inspired from two stories by Andersen (The Dryad and The Shadow).
• "The Little Mermaid (1989 movie) (Walt Disney Pictures) Based on the original story.
• The Little Match Girl (2006 short) With the DVD Release of The Little Mermaid (Walt Disney Pictures)Based on the original story.
• The Little Mermaid for actress, two pianos and chamber ensemble/orchestra.^[28]
• Ponyo got its inspiration from the Little Mermaid.
• The Little Match Girl Passion - a choral work composed in 2007 by David Lang. It won the 2008 Pulitzer Prize in Music.
• The Ghost, an episode in the third series of the British TV show Hustle is based on the theft of an Andersen manuscript from an old English manor house.
• A Designer's Paradise, an episode in the fourth series of the British TV show Hustle bases a confidence trick around the story of The Emperor's New Clothes
• Broken Angels (Merciless in the U.S.), a novel by Richard Montanari focuses on a serial killer who murders people in accordance with Hans Christian Andersen stories. Stories included are The Nightingale, Thumbelina, The Red Shoes, The Little Match Girl, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, The Tinderbox, What The Moon Saw, Anne Lisbeth, Little Claus and Big Claus, The Snow Man, and Little Ida's Flowers.
• "Striking Twelve", a Staged Concert/Musical by the New York band, Groove Lily, about a grumpy guy reading "The Little Match Girl" on New Year's Eve.
• "Until My Dancing Days are Done", a short story by Angela D. Mitchell that gave a modern gothic twist to "The Red Shoes." The story was published in Fables Magazine in October 2003, and in April 2004 was voted the 2003 Reader's Choice Award by the magazine's readers.
• "The Song Is A Fairy-tale", 20 songs composed by Frederik Magle based on fairy tales by Hans Christian Andersen (1994).
• "Prisoners" by Regina Spektor references Hans Christian Andersen.
• Hans Christian Andersen Stories aka Andersen monogatari, a Japanese animated series from the 1970s^[29]

See also[link]

	Poetry portal
	Children's literature portal

• Fairy Tales Told for Children (1838)
• Kjøbenhavnsposten
• Vilhelm Pedersen, the first illustrator of Andersen's fairy tales
• Grimm's Fairy Tales
• Fable

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Andersen, Hans Christian (2005) [2004]. Jackie Wullschlager. ed. Fairy Tales. Tiina Nunnally. New York: Viking. ISBN 0-670-03377-4. 
• Andersen, Jens (2005) [2003]. Hans Christian Andersen: A New Life. Tiina Nunnally. New York, Woodstock, and London: Overlook Duckworth. ISBN 978-1-58567-737-5. 
• Stig Dalager, Journey in Blue, historical, biographical novel about H.C.Andersen, Peter Owen, London 2006, McArthur & Co., Toronto 2006.
• Ruth Manning-Sanders, Swan of Denmark: The Story of Hans Christian Andersen, Heinemann, 1949
• Norton, Rictor (ed.) My Dear Boy: Gay Love Letters through the Centuries. Leyland Publications, San Francisco. 1998 ISBN 0-943595-71-1
• Terry, Walter (1979). The King's Ballet Master. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company. ISBN 0-396-07722-6. 
• Wullschlager, Jackie (2002) [2000]. Hans Christian Andersen: The Life of a Storyteller. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-91747-9. 
• Zipes, Jack (2005). Hans Christian Andersen: The Misunderstood Storyteller. New York and London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-97433-X. 

External links[link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Hans Christian Andersen

Wikisource has original works written by or about: Hans Christian Andersen

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Hans Christian Andersen

• Works by Hans Christian Andersen on Open Library at the Internet Archive
• Works by Hans Christian Andersen at Internet Archive. Scanned, color illustrated first editions.
• Works by or about Hans Christian Andersen in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• And the cobbler's son became a princely author Details of Andersen's life and the celebrations.
• The Hans Christian Andersen Center - contains many Andersen's stories in Danish and English
• The Hans Christian Andersen Museum in Odense has a large digital collection of Hans Christian Andersen papercuts, drawings and portraits - You can follow his travels across Europe and explore his Nyhavn study.
• The Orders and Medals Society of Denmark has descriptions of Hans Christian Andersen's Medals and Decorations.

Christian Andersen (born September 28, 1944) is a Danish former football player and now manager. He was most recently the manager of Boldklubben Frem

As player he played for B 1903, Cercle Brugge, FC Lorient and Akademisk Boldklub and played two caps for the Danish national football team.

As manager he has managed Akademisk Boldklub a couple of times, but he is most famous for his controversies with FC Copenhagen chairman Flemming Østergaard and former chairman of Akademisk Boldklub, Per Frimann. The first controversy was about Andersen being fired as manager of FC Copenhagen after only one match, and the other because Andersen in his autobiography called Frimann the reason why AB had had economic problems. Frimann began talking about a possible lawsuit, but this was solved, when Andersen made a public apology.^[1]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Danish national team profile