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Aleister Crowley
Aleister Crowley (; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947), born Edward Alexander Crowley, and also known as both Frater Perdurabo and The Great Beast, was an influential English occultist, mystic and ceremonial magician, responsible for founding the religious philosophy of Thelema. Through this belief he came to see himself as the prophet who was entrusted with informing humanity that it was entering the new Aeon of Horus in 1904, a time when old ethical and religious systems would be replaced. Widely seen as one of the most influential occultists of all time, he was a member of the esoteric Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, as well as a co-founder of the A∴A∴ and eventually a leader of Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.). He is known today for his magical writings, especially The Book of the Law, the central sacred text of Thelema, although he also wrote widely on other subjects, including a large amount of fiction and poetry.
http://wn.com/Aleister_Crowley -
Franz Bardon
Franz Bardon (December 1, 1909 – July 10, 1958), born in Opava, Austrian Silesia, was both a stage magician and student and teacher of Hermetics. He was member of Czech hermetic society Universalia. During World War II Bardon was at one point held in a concentration camp for refusing to participate in Nazi Mysticism. Bardon was rescued by Russian soldiers who raided the camp. Bardon continued his work in the fields of Hermetics until 1958 when he was arrested and imprisoned in Brno Czechoslovakia. Bardon died on July 10, 1958 while in the custody of police.
http://wn.com/Franz_Bardon -
Harry Houdini
Harry Houdini (born Erik Weisz; March 24, 1874 – October 31, 1926) was a Hungarian Jewish-American magician and escapologist, stunt performer, actor and film producer. He was also a skeptic who set out to expose frauds purporting to be supernatural phenomena.
http://wn.com/Harry_Houdini -
Kenneth Grant
Kenneth Grant (born May 23 1924) is a British occultist and head of the magical order previously known as the Typhonian Ordo Templi Orientis but which is now referred to as the Typhonian Order.
http://wn.com/Kenneth_Grant
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Iraq ( or , Arabic: ), officially the Republic of Iraq (Arabic:
http://wn.com/Iraq -
Morocco (, al-Maġrib; Berber: Amerruk / Murakuc; French: Maroc), officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية, al-Mamlakah al-Maġribiyya), is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of nearly 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², including the disputed Western Sahara which is mainly under Moroccan administration. Morocco has a coast on the Atlantic Ocean that reaches past the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Spain to the north (a water border through the Strait and land borders with three small Spanish-controlled exclaves, Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera), Algeria to the east, and Mauritania to the south.
http://wn.com/Morocco -
Oman (pronounced ; '), officially the Sultanate of Oman''' ( ), is an Arab country in southwest Asia on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates on the northwest, Saudi Arabia on the west and Yemen on the southwest. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the southeast and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The country also contains Madha and Musandam, two exclaves on the Gulf of Oman, south of the Strait of Hormuz and surrounded by the United Arab Emirates on the land side.
http://wn.com/Oman -
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (), commonly known as Saudi Arabia, occasionally spelled '''Sa'udi Arabia''', is the largest Arab country of the Middle East. It is bordered by Jordan and Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south. The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of 28 million, and its size is approximately . The kingdom is sometimes called "The Land of the Two Holy Mosques" in reference to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest places in Islam. The two mosques are Masjid al-Haram (in Mecca) and Masjid Al-Nabawi (in Medina). The current kingdom was founded by Abdul-Aziz bin Saud, whose efforts began in 1902 when he captured the Al-Saud’s ancestral home of Riyadh, and culminated in 1932 with the proclamation and recognition of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, though its national origins go back as far as 1744 with the establishment of the First Saudi State. Saudi Arabia's government takes the form of an Islamic absolute monarchy. Human rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have repeatedly expressed concern about the state of human rights in Saudi Arabia.
http://wn.com/Saudi_Arabia
- angel
- archangel
- Athame
- black magic
- Carol "Poke" Runyon
- ceremonial magic
- Christianity
- crystal ball
- Daoism
- Deity
- demon
- demon possession
- demons
- devil
- diabolism
- divination
- Edward Kelly
- Enochian magic
- evocation
- exorcism
- Familiar spirit
- Franz Bardon
- ghost
- god
- Goetia
- grimoire
- Harry Houdini
- Hermeticism
- Hoodoo (folk magic)
- incense
- invocation
- Iraq
- Islam
- Kenneth Grant
- Key of Solomon
- Latin
- legerdemain
- Lemegeton
- Litany
- magic (illusion)
- Magic (paranormal)
- magic and religion
- Middle Ages
- Morocco
- Mysticism
- Names of God
- necromancy
- Neoplatonism
- O.T.A.
- OED
- Oman
- paranormal
- Peter Carroll
- religion
- Santeria
- Satan
- Saudi Arabia
- Sex magic
- shamanism
- Shintoism
- siege
- soul
- spirit
- Spiritism
- study of religion
- supernatural
- Thaumaturgy
- The Grand Grimoire
- theurgy
- tutelary deity
- Umbanda
- wand
- Western tradition
The Conjure
Releases by album:
Album releases
The Conjuration
Releases by year:
2010
Releases by album:
Madgod: A Psychonautical Journey Into Mania And Dementia |
Album releases
Madgod: A Psychonautical Journey Into Mania And Dementia
(Released 2010)
- Almalexia: Act 1 (Demons)
- Almalexia: Act 2 (Addictions)
- Almalexia: Act 3 (Desperations)
- Almalexia: Act 4 (Mistakes)
- Almalexia: Act 5 (Promises)
- Sheogorath: Twentieth Caprice Of Mortality
- Vivec: 7th Symphony (Regret And Acceptance)
- The Grand Conjuration (Opeth Cover)
Conjure
Releases by year:
2010
1996
1988
Releases by album:
Music for the Texts of Ishmael Reed |
Cab Calloway Stands in for the Moon |
Album releases
Music for the Texts of Ishmael Reed
(Released 1996)
- Jes' Grew
- The Wardrobe Master of Paradise
- Dualism (1)
- Oakland Blues
- Skydiving
- Judas
- Betty Ball's Blues
- Untitled II
- Fool-ology (The Song)
- From the Files of Agent 22
- Dualism (2)
- Rhythm in Philosphy
Cab Calloway Stands in for the Moon
(Released 1988)
- The Author Reflects on His 35th Birthday
- Loup Garou means Change Into
- 'Sputin
- Nobody Was There
- Medley: General Science/Ish/Papa la Bas
- Running for the Office of Love (Prelude)
- My Brothers
- Running for the Office of Love
- Petit Kid Everett
- St. Louis Woman (Excerpts)
- Bitter Chocklate
- Beware: Don't Listen to This Song
- Minnie The Moocher
Album releases
Madgod: A Psychonautical Journey Into Mania And Dementia (Released 2010)
- Almalexia: Act 1 (Demons)
- Almalexia: Act 2 (Addictions)
- Almalexia: Act 3 (Desperations)
- Almalexia: Act 4 (Mistakes)
- Almalexia: Act 5 (Promises)
- Sheogorath: Twentieth Caprice Of Mortality
- Vivec: 7th Symphony (Regret And Acceptance)
- The Grand Conjuration (Opeth Cover)
Conjure
Releases by year: 2010 1996 1988
Releases by album:
Music for the Texts of Ishmael Reed |
Cab Calloway Stands in for the Moon |
Album releases
Music for the Texts of Ishmael Reed
(Released 1996)
- Jes' Grew
- The Wardrobe Master of Paradise
- Dualism (1)
- Oakland Blues
- Skydiving
- Judas
- Betty Ball's Blues
- Untitled II
- Fool-ology (The Song)
- From the Files of Agent 22
- Dualism (2)
- Rhythm in Philosphy
Cab Calloway Stands in for the Moon
(Released 1988)
- The Author Reflects on His 35th Birthday
- Loup Garou means Change Into
- 'Sputin
- Nobody Was There
- Medley: General Science/Ish/Papa la Bas
- Running for the Office of Love (Prelude)
- My Brothers
- Running for the Office of Love
- Petit Kid Everett
- St. Louis Woman (Excerpts)
- Bitter Chocklate
- Beware: Don't Listen to This Song
- Minnie The Moocher
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:07
- Published: 18 Aug 2006
- Uploaded: 10 Nov 2011
- Author: RoadrunnerRecords
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:52
- Published: 24 Dec 2006
- Uploaded: 02 Nov 2011
- Author: platypus2501
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- Published: 11 Jan 2009
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- Author: SympathMan
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- Published: 10 Jul 2011
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- Author: Skidbladner
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- Published: 01 Sep 2010
- Uploaded: 05 Nov 2011
- Author: TheSergioCaceres
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- Published: 12 Nov 2010
- Uploaded: 16 Oct 2011
- Author: 777VIRUSLORD777
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- Published: 07 Jan 2011
- Uploaded: 28 Oct 2011
- Author: deliverance462
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:08
- Published: 07 Jul 2010
- Uploaded: 10 Nov 2011
- Author: MetalBladeRecords
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:14
- Published: 28 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 26 Oct 2011
- Author: Seiferalamsy1125
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:42
- Published: 16 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 22 Jul 2011
- Author: SlaytanicMegaforce
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:24
- Published: 12 Jul 2010
- Uploaded: 05 Sep 2011
- Author: thewalrusgoogoo
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:08
- Published: 07 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 31 Oct 2011
- Author: AraggroN666
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:43
- Published: 08 Sep 2010
- Uploaded: 20 Oct 2011
- Author: Schizospin
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:51
- Published: 19 Jul 2010
- Uploaded: 05 Nov 2011
- Author: Lysertheshaman
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:41
- Published: 05 Jul 2008
- Uploaded: 19 Oct 2011
- Author: THEDEVIL1992
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:43
- Published: 01 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 22 Sep 2011
- Author: LordStormcrow
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:26
- Published: 31 Dec 2007
- Uploaded: 19 Oct 2011
- Author: cataclysmichael
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- Aleister Crowley
- angel
- archangel
- Athame
- black magic
- Carol "Poke" Runyon
- ceremonial magic
- Christianity
- crystal ball
- Daoism
- Deity
- demon
- demon possession
- demons
- devil
- diabolism
- divination
- Edward Kelly
- Enochian magic
- evocation
- exorcism
- Familiar spirit
- Franz Bardon
- ghost
- god
- Goetia
- grimoire
- Harry Houdini
- Hermeticism
- Hoodoo (folk magic)
- incense
- invocation
- Iraq
- Islam
- Kenneth Grant
- Key of Solomon
- Latin
- legerdemain
- Lemegeton
- Litany
- magic (illusion)
- Magic (paranormal)
- magic and religion
- Middle Ages
- Morocco
- Mysticism
- Names of God
- necromancy
- Neoplatonism
- O.T.A.
- OED
- Oman
- paranormal
- Peter Carroll
- religion
- Santeria
- Satan
- Saudi Arabia
- Sex magic
- shamanism
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Evocation is the act of calling or summoning a spirit, demon, god or other supernatural agent, in the Western mystery tradition. Comparable practices exist in many religions and magical traditions. In some cases, (such as in the Dungeons and Dragons franchise), evocation is distinct from conjuration, in that conjuration is summoning objects and such, while evocation is calling forth energy like fire or thunder.
Evocation in the Western mystery tradition
The Latin word evocatio was the "calling forth" or "summoning away" of a city's tutelary deity. The ritual was conducted in a military setting either as a threat during a siege or as a result of surrender, and aimed at diverting the god's favor from the opposing city to the Roman side, customarily with a promise of better-endowed cult or a more lavish temple. Evocatio was thus a kind of ritual dodge to mitigate looting of sacred objects or images from shrines that would otherwise be sacrilegious or impious.The calling forth of spirits was a relatively common practice in Neoplatonism, theurgy and other esoteric systems of antiquity. In contemporary western esotericism, the magic of the grimoires is frequently seen as the classical example of this idea. Manuals such as the Greater Key of Solomon the King, The Lesser Key of Solomon (or Lemegeton), the Sacred Magic of Abramelin the Mage and many others provided instructions that combined intense devotion to the divine with the summoning of a personal cadre of spiritual advisers and familiars.
The grimoires provided a variety of methods of evocation. The Spirits are, in every case, commanded in the name of God - most commonly using cabalistic and Hellenic 'barbarous names' added together to form long litanies. The magician used wands, staves, incense and fire, daggers and complex diagrams drawn on parchment or upon the ground. In Enochian magic, spirits are evoked into a crystal ball or mirror, in which a human volunteer (a 'seer') is expected to be able to see the spirit and hear its voice, passing the words on to the evoker. Sometimes such a seer might be an actual medium, speaking as the spirit, not just for it. In other cases the spirit might be 'housed' in a symbolic image, or conjuring into a diagram from which it cannot escape without the magician's permission.
While many later, corrupt and commercialised grimoires include elements of 'diabolism' and one (The Grand Grimoire) even offers a method for making a pact with the devil, in general the art of evocation of spirits is said to be done entirely under the power of the divine. The magician is thought to gain authority among the spirits only by purity, worship and personal devotion and study.
In more recent usage, evocation refers to the calling out of lesser spirits (beneath the deific or archangelic level), sometimes conceived of as arising from the self. This sort of evocation is contrasted with invocation, in which spiritual powers are called into the self from a divine source.
Important contributors to the concept of evocation include Henry Cornelius Agrippa, Francis Barrett, Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers, Aleister Crowley, Franz Bardon and Kenneth Grant. The work of all of these authors can be seen as attempts to systematize and modernize the grimoiric procedure of evocation. Only more modern authors, such as Peter Carroll and Konstantinos, have attempted to describe evocation in a way independent enough from the grimoiric tradition to fit similar methods of interaction with alleged supernatural agents in other traditions.
However, the most enthusiastic and romantically inspired figure in the field of evocation/invocation arts and overall a devotee of the Western mystical tradition is known today by the name of Carol "Poke" Runyon, the Grand Magus of O.T.A. and the author of several books, who attempted to describe particularities of ceremonial working in order to summon spirits to "physical appeareance" and even provided a video as an example of going through a real process of "Solomonic Magick" which is an alternative name for Goetia or simply a complex of techniques to conjure lesser deities of a lower astral realm (demons) to the temple of the magician.
Conjuration in traditional and most contemporary usage refers to a magical act of invoking spirits or using incantations or charms to cast magical spells. In the context of legerdemain, it may also refer to the performance of illusion or magic tricks for show. This article discusses mainly the original and primary usage, describing acts of a supernatural or paranormal nature.
The word conjuration (from Latin conjure, conjurare, to "swear together") can be interpreted in several different ways: as an invocation or evocation (the latter in the sense of binding by a vow); as an exorcism; and as an act of producing effects by magical means.
The word is often used synonymously with terms such as "invocation" or "evocation" or "summoning", although many authors find it useful to maintain some distinction between these terms. The term "conjuring" is also used as a general term for casting spells in some magical traditions, such as Hoodoo. In that context, amulets and talismans are often kept in a "conjure bag" and "conjuring oils" may be used to anoint candles and other magical supplies and thus imbue them with specific magical powers.
Alternatively, the term "conjuration" may be used refer to an act of illusionism or legerdemain, as in the performance of magic tricks for entertainment.
One who performs conjurations is called a conjurer or conjuror. The word (as conjuration or conjurison) was formerly used in its Latin meaning of "conspiracy".
Texts and language
The text of the charms to be recited to conjure the spirit varies considerably from simple sentences to complex paragraphs with plenty of magic words. The language usually is that of the conjurer's, but since the Middle Ages in Western tradition, Latin was the most common (although many texts have been translated into other languages).
Objectives of conjuration
The conjuration of the ghosts or souls of the dead for the purpose of divination is called necromancy.When it is said that a person is calling upon or conjuring misfortune or disease, it is due to the ancient belief that personified diseases and misfortune as evil deities, spirits or demons that could enter a human or animal body; see demon possession.
Religious reactions
The notion of the action of a conjuration is traditionally linked to the task of repelling negative spirits away, and protecting an individual, space or collectivity. However, it is also believed by many, particularly in Christian and Islamic societies, that magic, and thus conjuration, is an inherently evil practice. According to these beliefs, conjurers summon demons or other evil spirits to cause harm to people or things, to obtain favors from them, or simply to enter servitude to such beings. The belief in similarly-minded conjurers also exists in belief systems in which magic is not inherently evil, although in these cultures these "black magicians" are not the rule and have opposition among more traditional magicians.
Conjuration in the Middle East
Conjuration is a very common mystic practice in the Middle East, most commonly found in Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Iraq. Many practice it to settle personal grudges or for healing, personal enhancement, or foretelling the future. There are also those who will sell their services as conjurers to others.Islam strongly forbids the use of conjuration, because it is seen as an unholy procedure, and therefore to perform it is to give an insult to God. It is also considered to, in the end, harm people more than help them: those who regularly contact demons are believed to go mad through overdosing on power, or being possessed (since demons are thought to be short-tempered beings, and given the opportunity might overpower and enslave the one who summoned them).
Contemporary references
Within some magical traditions today, such as contemporary witchcraft, hoodoo and Hermeticism or ceremonial magic, conjuration may refer specifically to an act of calling or invoking deities and other spirits; or it may refer more generally to the casting of magic spells by a variety of techniques. Used in the sense of invoking or evoking deities and other spirits, conjuration can be regarded as one aspect of religious magic.In the context of illusionist magic practiced today as entertainment only, "conjurer" or "conjuror" is still a common term used by practitioners. In times past, illusionist conjurors were suspected of using magic power to create their entertaining illusions and even suspected of casting spells. They were regarded as "magicians" by the general public, who were often not cognizant of the techniques and tricks used to create their illusions.
Comparable practices elsewhere
In a wider sense, evocation is the magical art of calling forth spirits, angels or demons to bring spiritual inspiration, do the bidding of the magician or provide information. Methods for the attainment of this exist in most or all cultures that feature a belief in spirits, such as the shamanic traditions. Daoism, Shintoism, Spiritism and the African-American religions (Santeria, Umbanda etc.) have particularly sophisticated systems of evocation. Even the various forms of Christian and Islamic exorcism can be considered evocations in this sense, albeit relatively simple ones.Religions that use this type of ritual are often judged and criticized by monotheists as potentially Satanic. However, this is not true from the viewpoint of study of religion. Evocation is a practice held sacred by societies such as certain American Indian tribes, some ancient Middle Eastern religions and even the Jews in biblical times. This rite is not a "secret" in the society. It is common, practiced openly and frequently not distinguishable from prayer.
See also
References
Kocku von Stuckrad: Western Esotericism: A Brief History of Secret Knowledge. Translated and with a Foreword by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke. London: Equinox. XII, 167 pp.Category:Magic (paranormal) Category:Mysticism
de:Beschwörung fr:Évocation hr:Evokacija ja:召喚魔術 pl:Ewokacja (okultyzm) pt:Conjuração simple:SummonerThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.