Max Roach

Tuesday, 02 October 2012

wn.com/max roach

elvin jones max roach art blakey drum battle part 1c

Clifford Brown & Max Roach Quintet - Cherokee

max roach 5 tet baden baden feat abbey lincoln 1

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Avery County
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Bedford-Stuyvesant
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Brixton
Brixton is a district in south London, England, in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is miles south south-east of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
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Broadway (Manhattan)
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Bronx
The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City. It is also, as Bronx County, the last of the 62 counties of New York State to be incorporated. Located north of Manhattan and Queens, and south of Westchester County, the Bronx is the only borough located primarily on the mainland. In 2010, the Census Bureau estimated that the borough's population on July 1, 2009 was 1,397,287, inhabiting a land area of . This makes the Bronx the fourth-most-populated of the five boroughs, the fourth-largest in land area, and the third-highest in density of population.
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Brooklyn, New York
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Great Dismal Swamp
The Great Dismal Swamp is a marshy area on the Coastal Plain of southeastern Virginia and northeastern North Carolina between Norfolk, Virginia, and Elizabeth City, North Carolina in the United States. It is located in parts of southern Chesapeake and Suffolk in Virginia, as well as northern Gates, Pasquotank, and Camden Counties in North Carolina. It is a southern swamp, one of many along the Atlantic Ocean's coast including the Everglades and the Big Cypress Swamp in Florida, the Okefenokee Swamp in Georgia, the Congaree Swamp and Four Holes swamps of South Carolina, and some of the Carolina bays in the Carolinas and Georgia. Along the eastern edge runs the Dismal Swamp Canal, completed in 1805.
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Japan
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Lambeth
Lambeth is a district of south London, England, and part of the London Borough of Lambeth. It is situated southeast of Charing Cross.
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New York
New York (; locally or ) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the north and west, and Quebec to the north. New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
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North Carolina
North Carolina () is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the Southern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte. North Carolina is now ranked as one of the top 3 leading States for Green Technology, Bio-Chemical Engineering, Medical Sciences, and Computer Engineering through the long-range research and development programs of Research Triangle Park (RTP), UNC Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State .
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NY
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San Francisco
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United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
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Abbey Lincoln
Anna Marie Wooldridge (August 6, 1930 – August 14, 2010), better known by her stage name Abbey Lincoln, was a jazz vocalist, songwriter, and actress. Lincoln was unusual in that she wrote and performed her own compositions, expanding the expectations of jazz audiences.
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Abraham Lincoln
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African Americans
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Al Cohn
Al Cohn (Brooklyn, NY, 11.24.1925-Stroudsburg, Pennsylvanie, 02.15.1988) was an American jazz saxophonist and arranger/composer.
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Anthony Braxton
Anthony Braxton (born June 4, 1945) is an American composer, saxophonist, clarinettist, flautist, pianist, and philosopher. Braxton has released well over 100 albums since the 1960s. Among the array of instruments he plays are the flute; the sopranino, soprano, C-melody, F mezzo-soprano, E-flat alto, baritone, bass, and contrabass saxophones; and the E-flat, B-flat, and contrabass clarinets.
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Archie Shepp
Archie Shepp (born May 24, 1937) is a prominent African-American jazz saxophonist. Shepp is best known for his passionately Afrocentric music of the late 1960s, which focused on highlighting the injustices faced by the African-Americans, as well as for his work with the New York Contemporary Five, Horace Parlan, and his collaborations with his "New Thing" contemporaries, most notably Cecil Taylor and John Coltrane.
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Art Blakey
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Billy Eckstine
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Booker Little
Booker Little, Jr (April 2, 1938 – October 5, 1961) was an American jazz trumpeter and composer.
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Brixton
Brixton is a district in south London, England, in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is miles south south-east of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
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Bud Powell
Earl Rudolph "Bud" Powell (September 27, 1924 – July 31, 1966) was an American Jazz pianist. Powell has been described as one of "the two most significant pianists of the style of modern jazz that came to be known as bop", the other being his friend and contemporary Thelonious Monk. Along with Monk, Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie, Powell was a key player in the history of bebop, and his virtuosity as a pianist led many to call him "the Charlie Parker of the piano".
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Bud Shank
Clifford Everett "Bud" Shank, Jr. (May 27, 1926 – April 2, 2009) was an American alto saxophonist and flautist. He played flute in Stan Kenton's Innovations in Modern Music Orchestra, on various recording sessions including , and occasionally in live performances (as with The L.A. Four) until he gave it up later in his career to focus exclusively on the alto saxophone. He also recorded one album playing only tenor saxophone.
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Buddy Rich
Bernard "Buddy" Rich (September 30, 1917 – April 2, 1987) was an American jazz drummer and bandleader. Rich was billed as "the world's greatest drummer" and was known for his virtuosic technique, power, groove, and speed.
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Calvin Hill
Calvin G. Hill (born January 2, 1947 in Baltimore, Maryland) is a retired American football running back who had a 12-year NFL career from 1969 to 1981. He played for the Dallas Cowboys, Washington Redskins and Cleveland Browns. In 1975 he moved to the World Football League to play for The Hawaiians where he carried the ball 49 times for 218 yards and no touchdowns in 1975.
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Cecil Bridgewater
Cecil Bridgewater (b. Oct. 10, 1942) is an American hard bop jazz trumpeter.
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Cecil Payne
Cecil Payne (December 14, 1922 – November 27, 2007) was a jazz baritone saxophonist born in Brooklyn, NY. Payne also played the alto saxophone and flute. He played with other jazz greats, in particular Dizzy Gillespie and Randy Weston, in addition to his solo work as bandleader.
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Charles Mingus
Charles Mingus Jr. (April 22, 1922 – January 5, 1979) was an American jazz musician, composer, bandleader, and civil rights activist.
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Charlie Mingus
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Charlie Parker
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Clark Terry
Clark Terry (born December 14, 1920) is an American swing and bop trumpeter, a pioneer of the fluegelhorn in jazz, educator, and NEA Jazz Masters inductee.
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Clifford Brown
Clifford Brown (October 30, 1930 – June 26, 1956), aka "Brownie," was an influential and highly rated American jazz trumpeter. He died aged 25, leaving behind only four years' worth of recordings. Nonetheless, he had a considerable influence on later jazz trumpet players, including Donald Byrd, Lee Morgan, Booker Little, Freddie Hubbard, Valery Ponomarev, and Wynton Marsalis.
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Coleman Hawkins
Coleman Randolph Hawkins (November 21, 1904 – May 19, 1969) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist. Hawkins was the first important jazz musician to use the instrument. As Joachim E. Berendt explained, "there were some tenor players before him, but the instrument was not an acknowledged jazz horn". While Hawkins is most strongly associated with the swing music and big band era, he had a role in the development of bebop in the 1940s,
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Connie Crothers
Connie Crothers (born May 2, 1941 in Palo Alto, California) is a jazz pianist. She majored in music at the University of California, Berkeley before becoming a student of Lennie Tristano. After his death she became President of the Lennie Tristano Jazz Foundation. She is also known for works done with Max Roach in the 1980s, such as the album Swish.
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David Paterson
David Alexander Paterson (born May 20, 1954) is the 55th and current Governor of New York. He is the first governor of New York of African American heritage and also the second legally blind governor of any U.S. state after Bob C. Riley, who was Acting Governor of Arkansas for 11 days in January 1975.
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Delfeayo Marsalis
Delfeayo Marsalis (Born July 28, 1965 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is an American jazz trombonist and record producer.
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Dizzy Gillespie
John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie (; October 21, 1917 – January 6, 1993) was an American jazz trumpet player, bandleader, singer, and composer.
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Don Byas
Carlos Wesley "Don" Byas (born October 21, 1912 in Muskogee, Oklahoma – died August 24, 1972 in Amsterdam, Netherlands) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist, long-resident in Europe.
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Duke Ellington
Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington (April 29, 1899 – May 24, 1974) was a composer, pianist, and big band leader.
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Eric Dolphy
Eric Allan Dolphy (June 20, 1928 – June 29, 1964) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, flautist, and bass clarinetist. He also played, on a few occasions the clarinet and baritone saxophone. Dolphy was one of several multi-instrumentalists to gain prominence in the 1960s. He was also the first important bass clarinet soloist in jazz, and among the earliest significant flute soloists. His improvisational style was characterized by the use of wide intervals, in addition to using an array of extended techniques to reproduce human- and animal-like effects which almost literally made his instruments speak. Although Dolphy's work is sometimes classified as free jazz, his compositions and solos were often rooted in conventional (if highly abstracted) tonal bebop harmony.
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Fab Five Freddy
Fred Brathwaite (born 1959), more popularly known as Fab 5 Freddy, is an American Hip hop historian, Hip hop pioneer and former graffiti artist. He was active in New York City in the 1970s and early 1980s, and later hosted the first hip-hop music video show on TV, "Yo! MTV Raps".
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Freddie Hubbard
Frederick Dewayne "Freddie" Hubbard (April 7, 1938 – December 29, 2008) was an American jazz trumpeter. He was known primarily for playing in the bebop, hard bop and post bop styles from the early 1960s and on. His unmistakable and influential tone contributed to new perspectives for modern jazz and bebop.
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Freddie Waits
Freddie Waits (born Frederick Douglas Waits on April 27, 1943 in Jackson, Mississippi; died November 18, 1989 in New York City) was a hard bop and post-bop drummer.
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George Coleman
George Edward Coleman (born March 8, 1935 in Memphis, Tennessee) is an American hard bop saxophonist, bandleader, and composer, known chiefly for his work with Miles Davis and Herbie Hancock in the 1960s.
http://wn.com/George_Coleman
George Wallington
George Wallington (born Giacinto Figlia, October 27, 1924, Palermo, Sicily - Cape Coral, Miami, February 15, 1993) was a highly regarded American bop pianist and composer.
http://wn.com/George_Wallington
Hank Jones
Henry "Hank" Jones (July 31, 1918 – May 16, 2010) was an American jazz pianist, bandleader, and composer. Critics and musicians described Jones as eloquent, lyrical, and impeccable. In 1989, The National Endowment for the Arts honored him with the NEA Jazz Masters Award. He was also honored in 2003 with the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) Jazz Living Legend Award. In 2008, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts. On April 13, 2009, the University of Hartford presented Jones with a Doctorate Degree for his musical accomplishments.
http://wn.com/Hank_Jones
Harold Land
Harold de Vance Land (February 18, 1928 – July 27, 2001) was an American hard bop and post-bop tenor saxophonist. Land evolved his hard bop playing with the Max Roach/Clifford Brown band into a personal, modern style. His tone was strong and emotional, yet displayed a certain fragility that made him easy to recognize.
http://wn.com/Harold_Land
Harriet Tubman
http://wn.com/Harriet_Tubman
Hazel Scott
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Herbie Nichols
Herbie Nichols (3 January 1919, New York City – 12 April 1963, New York City), was an American jazz pianist and composer of the jazz standard "Lady Sings the Blues". Obscure during his lifetime, he is now highly regarded by many musicians and critics.
http://wn.com/Herbie_Nichols
Horace Silver
Horace Silver (born September 2, 1928), born Horace Ward Martin Tavares Silva in Norwalk, Connecticut, is an American jazz pianist and composer.
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Howard McGhee
Howard McGhee (March 6, 1918, Tulsa, Oklahoma – July 17, 1987, New York City) was one of the very first bebop jazz trumpeters, together with Dizzy Gillespie, Fats Navarro and Idrees Sulieman. He was known for lightning-fast fingers and very high notes. What is generally not known is the influence that he had on younger hard bop trumpeters, together with Fats Navarro.
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J.J. Johnson
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James Spaulding
James Spaulding (born July 30, 1937 in Indianapolis, Indiana) is a jazz alto saxophonist and flautist. [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql;=11:fifoxqy5ldae~T1 Allmusic]}
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Joe Chambers
Joe Chambers (born June 25, 1942) is an American jazz drummer, pianist, Vibraphonist and composer most notable for his work with Wayne Shorter on the album ''Adam's Apple''. He attended the Philadelphia Conservatory for one year. In the 1960s and 70s Chambers gigged with many high-profile artists such as Eric Dolphy, Charles Mingus, Lou Donaldson, Chick Corea, Freddie Hubbard, Jimmy Giuffre and Bobby Hutcherson. Other artists Joe Chambers has worked with in his career include Andrew Hill, Archie Shepp, Miles Davis, David Murray, Joe Henderson, Franck Amsallem and Max Roach. He has been a member of several incarnations of Roach's M'Boom percussion ensemble.
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Joe Holiday
Joseph Befumo, better known as Joe Holiday (born May 10, 1925), is an American jazz saxophonist born in Sicily.
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Joe Wilder
Joe Wilder (born February 22, 1922 in Colwyn, Pennsylvania) is an American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer. He best known for his beautiful tone and lyrical style.
http://wn.com/Joe_Wilder
John Lewis (pianist)
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Johnny Griffin
John Arnold Griffin III (April 24, 1928 – July 25, 2008) was an American bop and hard bop tenor saxophonist.
http://wn.com/Johnny_Griffin
Jymie Merritt
Jymie Merritt (born 3 May 1926) is an American jazz double-bassist.
http://wn.com/Jymie_Merritt
Kenny Clarke
Kenny Clarke (born Kenneth Spearman Clarke, nicknamed "Klook", and later known as Liaqat Ali Salaam, on January 9, 1914 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania-died January 26, 1985 in Montreuil-sous-bois, France) was a jazz drummer and an early innovator of the bebop style of drumming. As the house drummer at Minton's Playhouse in the early 1940s, he participated in the after hours jams that led to the birth of Be-Bop, which in turn led to modern jazz. While in New York, he played with the major innovators of the emerging bop style, Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, Curly Russell and others, as well as musicians of the prior generation, including Sidney Bechet.
http://wn.com/Kenny_Clarke
Kenny Dorham
McKinley Howard (Kenny) Dorham (August 30, 1924 - December 5, 1972) was an American jazz trumpeter, singer, and composer born in Fairfield, Texas. Dorham's talent is frequently lauded by critics and other musicians, but he never received the kind of attention from the jazz establishment that many of his peers did. For this reason, his name has become (in the words of writer Gary Giddins) "virtually synonymous with underrated." He also composed the jazz standard "Blue Bossa," which appears on Joe Henderson's album Page One.
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Mal Waldron
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Malcolm X
Malcolm X (; May 19, 1925 February 21, 1965), born Malcolm Little and also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz (), was an African-American Muslim minister, public speaker, and human rights activist. To his admirers, he was a courageous advocate for the rights of African Americans, a man who indicted white America in the harshest terms for its crimes against black Americans. His detractors accused him of preaching racism, black supremacy, antisemitism, and violence. He has been described as one of the greatest, and most influential, African Americans in history. In 1998, Time named The Autobiography of Malcolm X one of the ten most influential nonfiction books of the 20th century.
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Martin Luther King
http://wn.com/Martin_Luther_King
Max Roach
Maxwell Lemuel Roach (January 10, 1924 – August 16, 2007) was an American jazz percussionist, drummer, and composer.
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Miles Davis
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Neil Peart
Neil Peart () OC, (born September 12, 1952) is a Canadian musician and author. He is the drummer and primary lyricist for the rock band Rush.
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Odean Pope
Odean Pope (b. October 24, 1938, Ninety Six, South Carolina) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist.
http://wn.com/Odean_Pope
Paul Robeson
Paul LeRoy Bustill Robeson (April 9, 1898 – January 23, 1976) was an American bass-baritone concert singer and film actor, who became noted for his wide-ranging social justice activism. A forerunner of the civil rights movement, Robeson was also an All-American athlete, lawyer, writer, trade unionist, peace activist, Phi Beta Kappa Society laureate, and a recipient of the Spingarn Medal and Stalin Peace Prize. Robeson achieved international notoriety for both his artistic accomplishments and his outspoken radical beliefs, which largely clashed with the Jim Crow climate of the pre-civil rights United States. As a result, he became a prime target of the political right during the McCarthyist era. Despite being one of the most internationally famous cultural figures of the 20th century, persecution by the US government and media virtually erased Robeson from mainstream US culture and subsequent interpretations of US history; including civil rights and black history.
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Phil Schaap
http://wn.com/Phil_Schaap
Randy Weston
Randy Weston (born April 6, 1926 in Brooklyn, New York), is an American jazz pianist and composer, of Jamaican parentage.
http://wn.com/Randy_Weston
Ray Bryant
Ray Bryant (Raphael Homer Bryant) (born December 24, 1931 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American Jazz pianist and composer.
http://wn.com/Ray_Bryant
Ray Mantilla
Raymond Mantilla (b. June 22, 1934, in New York City, New York) is an American jazz drummer. He has played as a session musician and toured with some of the most significant jazz musicians of his time. Mantilla has been bandleader of his own ensembles and was a founding member of the percussion ensemble M'Boom, with Max Roach.
http://wn.com/Ray_Mantilla
Richie Powell
http://wn.com/Richie_Powell
Roland Alexander
http://wn.com/Roland_Alexander
Ronnie Mathews
http://wn.com/Ronnie_Mathews
Roy Brooks
Roy Brooks (March 9, 1938 – November 15, 2005) was an American hard bop jazz drummer.
http://wn.com/Roy_Brooks
Slide Hampton
Locksley Wellington "Slide" Hampton (born April 21, 1932) is an American jazz trombonist, composer and arranger.
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Sonny Clark
Conrad Yeatis "Sonny" Clark (July 21, 1931 – January 13, 1963) was an American jazz pianist who mainly worked in the hard bop idiom.
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Sonny Greer
Sonny Greer (13 December 1895–23 March 1982) was an American jazz drummer, best known for his work with Duke Ellington.
http://wn.com/Sonny_Greer
Sonny Rollins
Theodore Walter "Sonny" Rollins (born September 7, 1930 in New York City) is a Grammy-winning American jazz tenor saxophonist. Rollins is widely recognized as one of the most important and influential jazz musicians. A number of his compositions, including "St. Thomas", "Oleo", "Doxy", and "Airegin", have become jazz standards.
http://wn.com/Sonny_Rollins
Sonny Stitt
Edward "Sonny" Stitt (b. February 2, 1924, Boston, Massachusetts – d. July 22, 1982, Washington, D.C.) was an American jazz saxophonist of the bebop/hard bop idiom. He was also one of the most well-documented saxophonists of his generation, recording over 100 albums in his lifetime. He was nicknamed the "Lone Wolf" by jazz critic Dan Morgenstern in tribute to his relentless touring and his devotion to jazz. He is considered the greatest disciple of Charlie Parker. Although his playing was at first heavily inspired by Charlie Parker and Lester Young, Stitt eventually developed his own style, one which influenced John Coltrane. Stitt was especially effective with blues and with ballad pieces such as "Skylark".
http://wn.com/Sonny_Stitt
Stan Getz
http://wn.com/Stan_Getz
Stan Levey
Stan Levey (April 5, 1926 — April 19, 2005) was an American jazz drummer. Born in Philadelphia, Levey is considered one of the earliest bebop drummers, one of the very few white drummers involved in the formative years of bebop and accepted as one of bop's most important drummers, along with Kenny Clarke and Max Roach. He played in Philadelphia with Dizzy Gillespie's group in 1942, at the age of 16. Soon after he went to New York, where he and Dizzy worked on 52nd Street with Charlie Parker and Oscar Pettiford.
http://wn.com/Stan_Levey
Stanley Turrentine
Stanley William Turrentine, also known as "Mr. T" or "The Sugar Man", (April 5, 1934 – September 12, 2000) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist. [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql;=11:hifqxqy5ldde~T1 Allmusic]
http://wn.com/Stanley_Turrentine
Steve Turre
Steve Turre (born September 12, 1948 in Omaha, Nebraska) is an internationally renowned trombonist, recording artist, arranger, and educator. In 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002 and 2006 he won the Down Beat Reader's Poll for best trombonist.
http://wn.com/Steve_Turre
Thad Jones
http://wn.com/Thad_Jones
Thelonious Monk
http://wn.com/Thelonious_Monk
Tommy Turrentine
http://wn.com/Tommy_Turrentine
William P. Gottlieb
http://wn.com/William_P_Gottlieb

Max Roach-The Third Eye

The Best!!!...

published: 22 Aug 2006

Author: wmjj47

Max Roach - Abbey Lincoln

Roach's Freedom Now Suite...

published: 12 Jul 2006

Author: sky50

The Fantastic Max Roach: Drum Solo 1

The Fantastic Max Roach: Drum Solo 1...

published: 02 Jan 2008

Author: jazzart1

Max Roach at his best

Greatest Drummer of all time!!!...

published: 22 Aug 2006

Author: wmjj47

max roach 5 tet lugano

Charles Tolliver-tr.Odean Pope-tsStanley Cowell-p. Jimmie Merrit-b.The tune is Bud Powell&...

published: 22 Aug 2007

Author: dliberg

Max roach-Drum Waltz

Crazy!!!...

published: 22 Aug 2006

Author: wmjj47

elvin jones max roach art blakey drum battle part 1c

elvin jones max roach art blakey drum battle...

published: 26 May 2007

Author: dliberg

Clifford Brown & Max Roach Quintet - Cherokee

Clifford Brown and Max Roach Quintet - Cherokee (1955) Personnel: Clifford Brown (trumpet)...

published: 06 Dec 2008

Author: 60otaku3

max roach 5 tet baden baden feat abbey lincoln 1

eddie kahn clifford jordan coleridge perkins...

published: 07 Nov 2007

Author: dliberg

The Fantastic Max Roach: Drum Solo 2

The Fantastic Max Roach: Drum Solo 2...

published: 02 Jan 2008

Author: jazzart1

Max Roach, Abbey Lincoln- Freedom Day

The album version, as heard on "We Insist! Max Roach's Freedom Now Suite"...

published: 15 Jun 2009

Author: Prvev45

Clifford Brown & Max Roach - Joy Spring

This is a great song with Clifford Brown, and one of my favorite jazz drummers, Max Roach....

published: 25 Nov 2009

Author: TheJazzplaylist

THE MAX ROACH-CLIFFORD BROWN QUINTET: "JOY SPRING"

"Joy Spring" : Une composition de Clifford Brown Max Roach-Clifford Brown quinte...

published: 19 Dec 2007

Author: jazzart1

Max roach Drum Solos!!!!

Max roach Drum Solos!!!!...

published: 16 Jul 2009

Author: jazzart1

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Photo: WN / Aaron Gilbert

Country Singer Jason Aldean Admits to Cheating Scandal and Apologizes

NBC Washington

01 Oct 2012

This is a country song waiting to happen....

Chat

Photo: USAF / Staff Sgt. Jonathan Lovelady

U.S. Army Staff Sgt. James Bates, with Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) Farah, pulls security during a mission to the director of information and culture's office in Farah City, Farah province, Afghanistan, Sept. 25, 2012.

U.S. giving up hopes of ending Afghan war through 'peace deal' with Taliban

Newstrack India

02 Oct 2012

Tweet Washington, Oct 2 (ANI): With the surge of American troops over and the Taliban still a potent threat, US military and diplomatic officials in Afghanistan are now abandoning their once ambitious...

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Photo: US Navy / Chief Mass Communication Specialist Michael B. Watkins

CAMP MIKE SPANN, Afghanistan (Oct. 1, 2010) Gunnery Sgt. Javier Vega, right, and Cmdr. Tim DeWitt, commanding officer of Naval Mobile Construction Battalion (NMCB) 40, discuss logistics before conducting rifle range qualifications near Camp Mike Spann, in Afghanistan.

US military deaths in Afghanistan hit 2,000

The Miami Herald

30 Sep 2012

KABUL, Afghanistan -- U.S. military deaths in the Afghan war have reached 2,000, a cold reminder of the human cost of an 11-year-old conflict that garners little public interest at home as the United...

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Photo: UN / J Carrier

Members of the Iranian delegation, led by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (waving), at their seats in the General Assembly Hall during the Assembly’s High-level Meeting on “The Rule of Law at the National and International Levels”, 24 September, 2012.

All Roads Lead To Tehran but not Washington

WorldNews.com

02 Oct 2012

Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling In banning several Iranian government officials from attending President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's speech at the United Nations, the United States could...

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Photo: AP / Vincent Yu

Officials check on a half submerged boat after it collided Monday night near Lamma Island, off the southwestern coast of Hong Kong Island Tuesday Oct. 2, 2012.

7 crew arrested in deadly Hong Kong boat collision

Jakarta Post

02 Oct 2012

Hong Kong police on Tuesday arrested seven crew members from two boats in a collision that killed 38 holiday revelers, but they offered no theory about how the vessels ran into each other on a clear...

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'Freedom' calls: 1960 Max Roach classic revisited 14 Dec 2007

Chicago Tribune Max Roach's "We Insist! Freedom Now Suite" stands as a landmark in jazz and in protest music....(size: 0.6Kb)

Jazz - Max Roach and John Fourie 31 Aug 2007

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JAZZ: Max Roach; John Fourie� 31 Aug 2007

Business Day TWO jazz revolutionaries have died recently: drummer Max Roach in New York on August 16, and guitarist John Fourie in Johannesburg on August 19. Why revolutionaries? Roach was one of the "gang of three" (the other members being Art Blakey and Kenny Clarke) whose ferocious hi-hat metres laid the...(size: 4.4Kb)

CRUCIAL CD COLLECTION: Clifford Brown/Max Roach� 31 Aug 2007

Business Day HAVING come to jazz, like many of my generation, via electric Miles Davis and his investigations into its confluence with rock, one of the great epiphanies of my musical life was the discovery that so much jazz from what seemed then to be the distant past could be so exciting without either an...(size: 4.3Kb)

Max Roach Remembered At Packed-House Funeral 25 Aug 2007

MSNBC New York -- Legendary jazz drummer Max Roach got a music-filled sendoff in New York City on Friday. The only drummer heard in the two-hour...(size: 0.9Kb)

Celebrating the life of Max Roach 24 Aug 2007

Newsday BY COLLIN NASH | 5:04 PM EDT, August 24, 2007 Article tools Text size: Painter Kenji Koga flew in from Tokyo. Kelli Payne came from Pennsylvania and musician Neal Smith made his way from Washington Heights. Though not acquainted, Koga, Payne and Smith became one of thousands of mourners who thronged...(size: 3.0Kb)

Correction: Max Roach obit 22 Aug 2007

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Max Roach was master of drums, bebop 19 Aug 2007

Denver Post Max Roach performs at the Playboy Jazz Festival on June 16, 2001, at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles. The master percussionist whose rhythmic innovations and improvisations provided the dislocated beats that defined bebop jazz, died Thursday, Aug. 16, 2007, at an undisclosed hospital in Manhattan...(size: 4.1Kb)

Updated: Legendary Jazz Drummer Max Roach to be Remembered at Riverside Church Public Viewing and Funeral on Friday 18 Aug 2007

PR Newswire Family Issues Statement on the Occasion of Roach's Passing NEW YORK, Aug. 18 /PRNewswire/ -- A public viewing will be held at Riverside Church for jazz great Max Roach, who died from complications of dementia/Alzheimer's Disease at 12:45 a.m....(size: 1.6Kb)

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Max Roach
Max Roach, Amsterdam 1979
Background information
Birth name	Maxwell Lemuel Roach
Born	(1924-01-10)January 10, 1924
Origin	Township of Newland, North Carolina, United States
Died	August 16, 2007(2007-08-16) (aged 83)
Genres	Jazz
Occupations	Musician, composer
Instruments	Drums, percussion
Years active	1944–2002
Associated acts	M'Boom

Maxwell Lemuel "Max" Roach (January 10, 1924 – August 16, 2007) was an American jazz percussionist, drummer, and composer.

A pioneer of bebop, Roach went on to work in many other styles of music, and is generally considered alongside the most important drummers in history.^[1]^[2] He worked with many famous jazz musicians, including Coleman Hawkins, Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, Miles Davis, Duke Ellington, Thelonious Monk, Charles Mingus, Billy Eckstine, Stan Getz, Sonny Rollins, Clifford Brown, Eric Dolphy and Booker Little.

Roach also led his own groups, and made numerous musical statements relating to the civil rights movement of African Americans.

1 Biography
2 Personal life
3 Honors
4 Discography
- 4.1 As leader
- 4.2 As sideman
5 References
6 External links

Biography [link]

Early life and career [link]

Roach was born in the Township of Newland, Pasquotank County, North Carolina, which borders the southern edge of the Great Dismal Swamp, to Alphonse and Cressie Roach. Many confuse this with Newland Town in Avery County. Although Roach's birth certificate lists his date of birth as January 10, 1924,^[3] Roach has been quoted by Phil Schaap as having stated that his family believed he was born on January 8, 1925. Roach's family moved to the Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York when he was 4 years old. He grew up in a musical home, his mother being a gospel singer. He started to play bugle in parade orchestras at a young age. At the age of 10, he was already playing drums in some gospel bands. As an eighteen year-old fresh out of Boys High School in Brooklyn, (1942) he was called to fill in for Sonny Greer, and play with the Duke Ellington Orchestra performing at the Paramount Theater.

In 1942, Roach started to go out in the jazz clubs of the 52nd Street and at 78th Street & Broadway for Georgie Jay's Taproom (playing with schoolmate Cecil Payne).^[4]

Roach's most significant innovations came in the 1940s, when he and jazz drummer Kenny Clarke devised a new concept of musical time. By playing the beat-by-beat pulse of standard 4/4 time on the "ride" cymbal instead of on the thudding bass drum, Roach and Clarke developed a flexible, flowing rhythmic pattern that allowed soloists to play freely. The new approach also left space for the drummer to insert dramatic accents on the snare drum, "crash" cymbal and other components of the trap set.

By matching his rhythmic attack with a tune's melody, Roach brought a newfound subtlety of expression to his instrument. He often shifted the dynamic emphasis from one part of his drum kit to another within a single phrase, creating a sense of tonal color and rhythmic surprise.^[1] The idea was to shatter musical conventions and take full advantage of the drummer's unique position. "In no other society", Roach once observed, "do they have one person play with all four limbs."^[5]

While that approach is common today, when Clarke and Roach introduced the new style in the 1940s it was a revolutionary musical advance. "When Max Roach's first records with Charlie Parker were released by Savoy in 1945," jazz historian Burt Korall wrote in the Oxford Companion to Jazz, "drummers experienced awe and puzzlement and even fear." One of those awed drummers, Stan Levey, summed up Roach's importance: "I came to realize that, because of him, drumming no longer was just time, it was music."^[1]

He was one of the first drummers (along with Kenny Clarke) to play in the bebop style, and performed in bands led by Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, Thelonious Monk, Coleman Hawkins, Bud Powell, and Miles Davis. Roach played on many of Parker's most important records, including the Savoy November 1945 session, a turning point in recorded jazz.

Max Roach, Three Deuces, NYC, ca. October 1947. Photography by William P. Gottlieb.

1950s [link]

Roach studied classical percussion at the Manhattan School of Music from 1950–53, working toward a Bachelor of Music degree (the School was to award him an Honorary Doctorate in 1990).

In 1952, Roach co-founded Debut Records with bassist Charles Mingus. This label released a record of a May 15, 1953 concert, billed as 'the greatest concert ever', which came to be known as Jazz at Massey Hall, featuring Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Bud Powell, Mingus and Roach. Also released on this label was the groundbreaking bass-and-drum free improvisation, Percussion Discussion.^[6]

In 1954, he formed a quintet featuring trumpeter Clifford Brown, tenor saxophonist Harold Land, pianist Richie Powell (brother of Bud Powell), and bassist George Morrow, though Land left the following year and Sonny Rollins soon replaced him. The group was a prime example of the hard bop style also played by Art Blakey and Horace Silver. Tragically, this group was to be short-lived; Brown and Powell were killed in a car accident on the Pennsylvania Turnpike in June 1956. The first album Roach recorded after their deaths was Max Roach + 4. After Brown and Powell's deaths, Roach continued leading a similarly configured group, with Kenny Dorham (and later the short-lived Booker Little) on trumpet, George Coleman on tenor and pianist Ray Bryant. Roach expanded the standard form of hard-bop using 3/4 waltz rhythms and modality in 1957 with his album Jazz in 3/4 time. During this period, Roach recorded a series of other albums for the EmArcy label featuring the brothers Stanley and Tommy Turrentine.^[7]

In 1955, he was the drummer for vocalist Dinah Washington at several live appearances and recordings. Appearing at the Newport Jazz Festival with her in 1958 which was filmed and the 1954 live studio audience recording of Dinah Jams, considered to be one of the best and most overlooked vocal jazz albums of its genre.^[8]

1960s-1970s [link]

In 1960 he composed the We Insist! - Freedom Now suite with lyrics by Oscar Brown Jr., after being invited to contribute to commemorations of the hundredth anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. In 1962, he recorded the album Money Jungle, a collaboration with Mingus and Duke Ellington. This is generally regarded as one of the very finest trio albums ever made.^[9]

In 1966, with his album Drums Unlimited (which includes several tracks that are entirely drums solos) he demonstrated that drums can be a solo instrument able to play theme, variations, rhythmically cohesive phrases. He described his approach to music as "the creation of organized sound."^[10]

During the 1970s, Roach formed a musical organization—"M'Boom"—a percussion orchestra. Each member of this unit composed for it and performed on many percussion instruments. Personnel included Fred King, Joe Chambers, Warren Smith, Freddie Waits, Roy Brooks, Omar Clay, Ray Mantilla, Francisco Mora, and Eli Fountain.^[10]

1980s-1990s [link]

File:Max Roach Keystone 1979.jpg

Keystone Korner, San Francisco, 1979

In the early 1980s, he began presenting entire concerts solo, proving that this multi-percussion instrument could fulfill the demands of solo performance and be entirely satisfying to an audience. He created memorable compositions in these solo concerts; a solo record was released by Baystate, a Japanese label, just about impossible to obtain. One of these solo concerts is available on video, which also includes a filming of a recording date for "Chattahoochee Red," featuring his working quartet, Odean Pope, Cecil Bridgewater and Calvin Hill.

He embarked on a series of duet recordings. Departing from the style of presentation he was best known for, most of the music on these recordings is free improvisation, created with the avant-garde musicians Cecil Taylor, Anthony Braxton, Archie Shepp, and Abdullah Ibrahim. He created duets with other performers: a recorded duet with the oration by Martin Luther King, "I Have a Dream"; a duet with video artist Kit Fitzgerald, who improvised video imagery while Roach spontaneously created the music; a classic duet with his life-long friend and associate Dizzy Gillespie; a duet concert recording with Mal Waldron.

He wrote music for theater, such as plays written by Sam Shepard, presented at La Mama E.T.C. in New York City.

He found new contexts for presentation, creating unique musical ensembles. One of these groups was "The Double Quartet." It featured his regular performing quartet, with personnel as above, except Tyrone Brown replacing Hill; this quartet joined with "The Uptown String Quartet," led by his daughter Maxine Roach, featuring Diane Monroe, Lesa Terry and Eileen Folson.

Another ensemble was the "So What Brass Quintet," a group comprising five brass instrumentalists and Roach, no chordal instrument, no bass player. Much of the performance consisted of drums and horn duets. The ensemble consisted of two trumpets, trombone, French horn and tuba. Musicians included Cecil Bridgewater, Frank Gordon, Eddie Henderson, Rod McGaha, Steve Turre, Delfeayo Marsalis, Robert Stewart, Tony Underwood, Marshall Sealy, Mark Taylor and Dennis Jeter.

Roach presented his music with orchestras and gospel choruses. He performed a concerto with the Boston Symphony Orchestra. He wrote for and performed with the Walter White gospel choir and the John Motley Singers. Roach performed with dancers: the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, the Dianne McIntyre Dance Company, the Bill T. Jones/Arnie Zane Dance Company.

Roach surprised his fans by performing in a hip hop concert, featuring the artist-rapper Fab Five Freddy and the New York Break Dancers. He expressed the insight that there was a strong kinship between the outpouring of expression of these young black artists and the art he had pursued all his life.^[11]

Not content to expand on the musical territory he had already become known for, Roach spent the decades of the 1980s and 1990s continually finding new forms of musical expression and presentation. Though he ventured into new territory during a lifetime of innovation, he kept his contact with his musical point of origin. He performed with the Beijing Trio, with pianist Jon Jang and erhu player Jeibing Chen. His last recording, Friendship, was with trumpet master Clark Terry, the two long-standing friends in duet and quartet. His last performance was at the 50th anniversary celebration of the original Massey Hall concert, in Toronto, where he performed solo on the hi-hat.^[12]

In 1994, Roach also appeared on Rush drummer Neil Peart's Burning For Buddy performing "The Drum Also Waltzes", Part 1 and 2 on Volume 1 of the Volume 2 series during the 1994 All-Star recording sessions.^[13]

Death [link]

The grave of Max Roach

Max Roach died in the early morning on August 16, 2007 in Manhattan.^[14] He was survived by five children: sons Daryl and Raoul, and daughters Maxine, Ayo and Dara. Over 1,900 people attended his funeral at Riverside Church in Manhattan, New York City on August 24, 2007. Max Roach was interred at the Woodlawn Cemetery, Bronx, NY.

In a funeral tribute to Roach, then-Lieutenant Governor of New York David Paterson compared the musician's courage to that of Paul Robeson, Harriet Tubman and Malcolm X, saying that "No one ever wrote a bad thing about Max Roach's music or his aura until 1960, when he and Charlie Mingus protested the practices of the Newport Jazz Festival."^[15]

Personal life [link]

Two children, son Daryl Keith and daughter Maxine, were born from his first marriage with Mildred Roach. In 1956 he met singer Barbara Jai (Johnson) and had another son, Raoul Jordu. He continued to play as a freelance while studying composition at the Manhattan School of Music. He graduated in 1952. During the period 1962–1970, Roach was married to the singer Abbey Lincoln, who had performed on several of Roach's albums. Twin daughters, Ayodele Nieyela and Dara Rashida, were later born to Roach and his third wife, Janus Adams Roach. He has four grandchildren, Kyle Maxwell Roach, Kadar Elijah Roach, Maxe Samiko Hinds and Skye Sophia Sheffield. Long involved in jazz education, in 1972 he joined the faculty of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in Amherst. In the early 2000s, Roach became less active from the onset of hydrocephalus-related complications.

From the 1970s through the mid-1990s Roach taught at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.^[16]

Honors [link]

He was given a MacArthur Foundation "genius" grant in 1988, cited as a Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters in France (1989),^[17] twice awarded the French Grand Prix du Disque, elected to the International Percussive Art Society's Hall of Fame and the Downbeat Magazine Hall of Fame, awarded Harvard Jazz Master, celebrated by Aaron Davis Hall, given eight honorary doctorate degrees, including degrees awarded by Medgar Evers College, CUNY, the University of Bologna, Italy and Columbia University.^[18] While spending the later years of his life at the Mill Basin Sunrise assisted living home, in Brooklyn, Max was honored with a proclamation honoring his musical achievements by Brooklyn borough president Marty Markowitz.^[19]

In 1986 the London borough of Lambeth named a park in Brixton after him.^[20]^[21] - Roach was able to officially open it when he visited the UK that year.

Discography [link]

As leader [link]

1953 : Max Roach Quartet (Fantasy)
1953 : Max Roach and his Sextet (Debut)
1953 : Max Roach Quartet featuring Hank Mobley (Debut)
1956 : Max Roach + 4 (EmArcy)
1957 : Jazz in ¾ Time
1958 : Max Roach/Art Blakey (with Art Blakey)
1958 : Max Roach Plus Four on the Chicago Scene (Mercury)
1958 : Max Roach Plus Four at Newport (Mercury)
1958 : Max Roach with the Boston Percussion Ensemble (EmArcy)
1958 : Deeds not Words (aka Conversation) (Riverside)
1958 : Max Roach/Bud Shank - Sessions (with Bud Shank)
1958 : The Defiant Ones (with Booker Little)
1958 : Deeds, Not Words (with all new cast Ray Draper, Booker Little, George Coleman)
1959 : Rich Versus Roach (with Buddy Rich)
1961 : Percussion Bitter Sweet (Impulse! Records)(with Mal Waldron)
1962 : Speak, Brother, Speak!
1962 : It's Time (Impulse! Records)(with Mal Waldron)
1964 : Live in Europe: Freedom Now Suite (with Abbey Lincoln)
1964 : The Max Roach Trio Featuring the Legendary Hasaan (with Hasaan ibn Ali)
1966 : Drums Unlimited (Atlantic) (Leader, with James Spaulding, Freddie Hubbard, Ronnie Mathews, Jymie Merritt, Roland Alexander)
1968 : Sound as Roach (Atlantic)
1968 : Members, Don't Git Weary (Atlantic)
1971 : Lift Every Voice and Sing (with J.C. White Singers)
1976 : Force: Sweet Mao-Suid Afrika '76 (duo with Archie Shepp)
1976 : Nommo (Victor)
1977 : Max Roach Quartet Live in Tokyo (Denon)
1977 : The Loudstar (Horo)
1977 : Max Roach Quartet Live In Amsterdam - It's Time (Baystate)
1977 : Solos (Baystate)
1977 : Streams of Consciousness - duo with Dollar Brand
1978 : Confirmation (Fluid Records)
1978 : Birth and Rebirth - duo with Anthony Braxton (Black Saint)
1979 : The Long March - duo with Archie Shepp (Hathut)
1979 : Historic Concerts - duo with Cecil Taylor (Black Saint)
1979 : One in Two - Two in One - duo with Anthony Braxton (Hathut)
1979 : Pictures in a Frame (Soul Note)
1980 : Chattahoochee Red (Columbia)
1982 : Swish - duo with Connie Crothers (New Artists)
1982 : In the Light (Soul Note)
1983 : Live at Vielharmonie (Soul Note)
1984 : Scott Free (Soul Note)
1984 : It's Christmas Again (Soul Note)
1984 : Survivors (Soul Note)
1985 : Easy Winners (Soul Note)
1986 : Bright Moments (Soul Note)
1989 : Max + Dizzy: Paris 1989 - duo with Dizzy Gillespie (A&M)
1989 : Homage to Charlie Parker (A&M)
1991 : To the Max! (Enja)
1995 : Max Roach With The New Orchestra Of Boston And The So What Brass Quintet (Blue Note)
1999 : Beijing Trio (Asian Improv)
2002 : Friendship - with Clark Terry) (Columbia)

With Clifford Brown

1954 : Brown And Roach Incorporated
1954 : Clifford Brown and Max Roach
1954 : Study in Brown
1954 : More Study in Brown
1955 : Clifford Brown with Strings
1956 : Clifford Brown and Max Roach at Basin Street
1957 : Clifford Brown with Strings
1979 : Live at the Bee Hive (Columbia Records)

With M'Boom

1973 : Re: Percussion (Strata-East Records)
1979 : M'Boom (Columbia)
1984 : Collage (Soul Note)
1992 : Live at S.O.B.'s New York (Blue Moon Records)

As sideman [link]

1944 : Rainbow Mist (with Coleman Hawkins)
1944 : Coleman Hawkins and His All Stars (with Coleman Hawkins)
1945 : Town Hall, New York, June 22, 1945 (with Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker)
1945 - 1948: The Complete Savoy Studio Recordings (with Charlie Parker)
1946 : Mad Be Bop (with J.J. Johnson)
1946 : Opus BeBop (with Stan Getz)
1946 : Savoy Jam Party (Don Byas Quartet)
1946 : The Hawk Flies (with Coleman Hawkins)
1947 : The Bud Powell Trip (with Bud Powell)
1947 : Lullaby in Rhythm (with Charlie Parker)
1947 : Charlie Parker on Dial (with Charlie Parker)
1948 : The Band that Never Was (with Charlie Parker)
1948 : Bird on 52nd Street (with Charlie Parker)
1948 : Bird at the Roost (with Charlie Parker)
1949 : Birth of the Cool (with Miles Davis)
1949 - 1953: Charlie Parker – Complete Sessions on Verve (with Charlie Parker)
1949 : Charlie Parker in France (with Charlie Parker)
1949 : Genesis (with Sonny Stitt)
1949 : The Stars of Modern Jazz at Carnegie Hall
1950 : The McGhee-Navarro Sextet (with Howard McGhee)
1951 : The Amazing Bud Powell (with Bud Powell)
1951 : The George Wallington Trip and Septet (with George Wallington)
1951 : Conception (with Miles Davis)
1952 : New Faces, New Sounds (with Gil Melle)
1952 : The Complete Genius (with Thelonious Monk)
1952 : Live at Rockland Palace (with Charlie Parker)
1953 : The Metronome All Starss. MGM (with Billy Eckstine)
1953 : Mambo Jazz (with Joe Holiday)
1953 : Yardbird: DC-53 (with Charlie Parker)
1953 : Cohn's Tones (with Al Cohn)
1953 : Diz and Getz (with Dizzy Gillespie and Stan Getz)
1954 : Daahoud (Mainstream Records)
1954 : Dinah Jams Featuring Dinah Washington
1955 : Relaxed Piano Moods (with Hazel Scott)
1955 : Introducing Jimmy Cleveland And His All Stars (EmArcy)
1955 : New Piano Expressions (with John Dennis)
1955 : Herbie Nichols Trio (with Herbie Nichols)
1955 : Work Time (with Sonny Rollins)
1955 : The Charles Mingus Quartet plus Max Roach (with Charles Mingus)
1956 : Sonny Rollins Plus 4 (with Sonny Rollins)
1956 : Introducing Johnny Griffin (with Johnny Griffin)
1956 : The Magnificent Thad Jones (with Thad Jones)
1956 : Brilliant Corners (with Thelonious Monk)
1956 : Tour de Force (with Sonny Rollins)
1956 : The Music of George Gershwin: I Sing of Thee (with Joe Wilder)
1956 : Rollins Plays for Bird (Sonny Rollins Quintet)
1956 : Saxophone Colossus (with Sonny Rollins)
1957 : First Place (with J.J. Johnson)
1957 : Sonny Clark Trio
1957 : Jazz Contrasts (with Kenny Dorham)
1958 : Freedom Suite (with Sonny Rollins)
1958 : Shadow Waltz (with Sonny Rollins)
1958 : Award-Winning Drummer (Time T)
1959 : A Little Sweet (aka. The Many Sides of Max )(Mercury)
1959 : Moon-Faced and Starry-Eyed (Mercury)
1960 : Quiet as it's Kept (Mercury)
1960 : Tommy Turrentine (with Tommy Turrentine)
1960 : Stan 'The Man' Turrentine
1960 : Again! (Affinity)
1960 : Parisian Sketches (Mercury)
1960 : We Insist! - Freedom Now (Candid)
1960 : Long as You're Living (Enja)
1960 : Uhuru Afrika (with Randy Weston)
1960 : Sonny Clark Trio (with Sonny Clark)
1961 : Straight Ahead (with Abbey Lincoln)
1961 : Out Front (with Booker Little)
1961 : Paris Blues (with Duke Ellington)
1962 : Money Jungle (with Duke Ellington and Charles Mingus)
1962 : Drum Suite (with Slide Hampton)
1966 : Stuttgart 1963 Concert (with Sonny Rollins)
1972 : Newport in New York ‘72 (Roach on 2 tracks only)
1975 : The Bop Session (with Dizzy Gillespie, Sonny Stitt, John Lewis, Hank Jones and Percy Heath)

References [link]

^ ^a ^b ^c Schudel, Matt (August 16, 2007). "Jazz Musician Max Roach Dies at 83". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/16/AR2007081601092.html. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
^ Up for Discussion Jump to Forums (1924-01-10). "Legendary Jazz Drummer Max Roach Dies At 83". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003627038#/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003627038. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
^ MADISON magazine: Max Roach and James Woods^{[dead link]}
^ Roach's account of Georgie Jay's Taproom, excerpted from Swing to Bop: An Oral History of the Transition in Jazz in the 1940s, page 77. Books.google.com. http://books.google.com/books?id=5WF-uzhaLU4C&pg=PA77&lpg=PA77&dq=Georgie+Jay%27s+Taproom&source=bl&ots=VUu2VDDr4T&sig=xbdb64bXpMxEjPzZgkRn38668x4&hl=en&ei=EJrnSqnbIYjyMdvD2aQI&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CBoQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Georgie%20Jay%27s%20Taproom&f=false. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
^ The Week August 31, 2007 page 32.
^ "www.historyexplorer.net "History Explorer > Jazz History Timeline > 1952 - 1961"". Historyexplorer.net. http://www.historyexplorer.net/?Jazz_History_Timeline:1952_-_1961. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
^ "www.jazzitude.com "History of Jazz Part 6: Hard Bop"". Jazzitude.com. 2007-04-11. http://www.jazzitude.com/hardbophist.htm. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
^ "Hipjazz.com "Joy Spring"". Hipjazz.com. http://www.hipjazz.com/joy_spring.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
^ www.inkblotmagazine.com "Duke Ellington Money Jungle Blue Note, Recorded 1962"^{[dead link]}
^ ^a ^b "Max Roach Biography". www.allaboutjazz.com. http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/musician.php?id=10725. Retrieved 2008-04-23.
^ Up for Discussion Jump to Forums (1924-01-10). "www.billboard.com "Legendary Jazz Drummer Max Roach Dies At 83"". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003627038. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
^ "Friendship". Allaboutjazz.com. 2003-07-25. http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/article.php?id=12055. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
^ "www.beachwoodreporter.com "The Friday Papers"". Beachwoodreporter.com. 2007-08-27. http://www.beachwoodreporter.com/. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
^ Keepnews, Peter (August 16, 2007). "Max Roach, Master of Modern Jazz, Dies at 83". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/16/arts/music/16cnd-roach.html?ei=5090&en=48adf94b947bc225&ex=1344916800&emc=rss&pagewanted=all. Retrieved 2007-08-17. "Max Roach, a founder of modern jazz who rewrote the rules of drumming in the 1940s and spent the rest of his career breaking musical barriers and defying listeners’ expectations, died early yesterday in Manhattan. He was 83."
^ Paterson, David (2008-03-13). "David Paterson Invokes Paul Robeson, Harriet Tubman, Malcolm X in Remembrance of Jazz Legend Max Roach (Eulogy transcript)". Democracy Now. http://www.democracynow.org/2008/3/13/david_paterson_invokes_paul_robeson_harriet. Retrieved 2008-03-18.
^ Palpini, Kristin (17 August 2007). Jazz great, UMass prof Max Roach dies. United States: Amherst Bulletin
^ Video: medals ceremony From Ina (French).
^ "University to Award 8 Honorary Degrees at Graduation on May 16". Columbia University Record. April 9, 2001. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/record/archives/vol26/vol26_iss20/2620_8_Honorary_Degrees.html. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
^ "Brooklyn Borough President". Brooklyn-usa.org. http://www.brooklyn-usa.org/Press/2006/mar24.htm. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
^ "Max Roach Park". Allaboutjazz.com. 2006-10-28. http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/article.php?id=23560. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
^ "London Borough of Lambeth | Max Roach Park". Lambeth.gov.uk. http://www.lambeth.gov.uk/Services/Environment/ParksGreenSpaces/Parks/MaxRoachPark.htm. Retrieved 2011-03-21.

External links [link]

Persondata
Name	Roach, Max
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	January 10, 1924
Place of birth
Date of death	August 16, 2007
Place of death

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Abbey Lincoln
Abbey Lincoln in concert, 1992
Background information
Birth name	Anna Marie Wooldridge
Born	(1930-08-06)August 6, 1930 Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Died	August 14, 2010(2010-08-14) (aged 80) Manhattan, New York, U.S.
Genres	Jazz
Occupations	Singer, songwriter, actress, civil rights activist
Instruments	Vocals
Years active	1956–2007
Labels	Riverside, Verve

Anna Marie Wooldridge (August 6, 1930 – August 14, 2010),^[1] better known by her stage name Abbey Lincoln, was a jazz vocalist, songwriter, and actress. Lincoln was unusual in that she wrote and performed her own compositions, expanding the expectations of jazz audiences.

1 Musician
2 Actress
3 Personal life
4 Discography
5 References
6 External links

Musician [link]

Lincoln was one of many singers influenced by Billie Holiday. She often visited the Blue Note jazz club in New York City.^[2] Her debut album, Abbey Lincoln’s Affair – A Story of a Girl in Love, was followed by a series of albums for Riverside Records. In 1960 she sang on Max Roach's landmark civil rights-themed recording, We Insist! – Freedom Now Suite.^[3] Lincoln’s lyrics were often connected to the civil rights movement in America.

During the 1980s, Lincoln’s creative output was lesser and she released only a few albums during that decade. During the 1990s and until her death, however, she fulfilled a 10-album contract with Verve Records. These albums are highly regarded and represent a crowning achievement in Lincoln’s career. Devil’s Got Your Tongue (1992) featured Rodney Kendrick, Grady Tate, J. J. Johnson, Stanley Turrentine, Babatunde Olatunji and The Staple Singers, among others.

In 2003, Lincoln received a National Endowment for the Arts Jazz Master Award.^[4]^[5]

Actress [link]

With Ivan Dixon, she co-starred in Nothing But a Man, an independent film written and directed by Michael Roemer. In 1968 she also co-starred with Sidney Poitier and Beau Bridges in For Love of Ivy,^[6] and received a 1969 Golden Globe nomination for her appearance in the film.

Lincoln also appeared in 1956 in The Girl Can’t Help It, for which she wore a dress which had been worn by Marilyn Monroe in Gentleman Prefer Blondes, and interpreted the theme song, working with Benny Carter.^[6]

In the 1990 Spike Lee movie Mo’ Better Blues, she played young Bleek Gilliams’ mother.^[7]

Personal life [link]

Lincoln was married to drummer Max Roach from 1962 to 1970. Roach’s daughter from a previous marriage, Maxine, has appeared on several of Lincoln’s albums. She was mentioned in Maya Angelou's autobiography The Heart of a Woman as a close friend.

Lincoln died on August 14, 2010 in Manhattan at the age of 80. Her death was announced by her brother, David Wooldridge, who told the New York Times that Lincoln had died in her Manhattan nursing home after suffering deteriorating health for years following open heart surgery in 2007. No cause of death was officially given. She was cremated and her ashes were scattered.^[8]

Discography [link]

1956: Abbey Lincoln’s Affair – A Story of a Girl in Love (Liberty Records) with Benny Carter Orchestra, Marty Paich Orchestra, Jack Montrose
1957: That’s Him (Riverside Records) with Paul Chambers, Max Roach, Wynton Kelly, Sonny Rollins, Kenny Dorham
1958: It’s Magic (Riverside Records) with Curtis Fuller, Benny Golson, Sahib Shihab
1959: Abbey Is Blue (Riverside Records) with Kenny Dorham, Wynton Kelly, Les Spann, Sam Jones, Philly Joe Jones
1960: We Insist! – Freedom Now with Max Roach
1961: Straight Ahead (Candid Records) with Coleman Hawkins, Eric Dolphy, Booker Little, Mal Waldron, Max Roach^[9]
1973: People in Me (Polygram) with Kunimitsu Inaba, James Mtume, Al Foster, Hiromasa Suzuki, Dave Liebman
1980: Golden Lady (a.k.a. Painted Lady; Inner City Records/Marge Records) with Archie Shepp
1983: Talking to the Sun (Enja Records)
1987: Abbey Sings Billie, Vol. 1 & 2 (Enja Records) with Harold Vick (tenor), James Widman (piano), Tarik Shah (bass), Mark Johnson (drums).
1990: The World Is Falling Down (Verve Records)
1991: You Gotta Pay the Band (Verve Records) with Stan Getz, Hank Jones, Charlie Haden, Mark Johnson, Maxine Roach
1992: Devil’s Got Your Tongue (Verve Records)
1992: When There is Love (Verve Records) with Hank Jones
1993: The Music is the Magic (Recorded live at Sweet Basil Jazz Club, New York City; ITM Records) with Rodney Kendrick, Michael Bowie, Yoron Israel
1994: A Turtle’s Dream (Verve Records) with Roy Hargrove, Kenny Barron, Pat Metheny
1996: Who Used to Dance (Verve Records) with Graham Haynes, Steve Coleman, Oliver Lake
1998: Wholly Earth (Verve Records) with Nicholas Payton, Bobby Hutcherson
2000: Over the Years (Verve Records)
2003: It’s Me (Verve Records)
2007: Abbey Sings Abbey (Verve Records)

References [link]

^ Chinen, Nate (August 14, 2010). "Abbey Lincoln, Jazz Singer and Writer, Dies at 80". New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 August 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/15/arts/music/15lincoln.html. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
^ "Abbey Lincoln". Archived from the original on 17 May 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070517132240/http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/artist.aspx?aid=2854. Retrieved 2 August 2007.
^ Sally Placksin. "Jazz Profiles from NPR: Abbey Lincoln". http://www.npr.org/programs/jazzprofiles/archive/lincoln.html. Retrieved 2 August 2007.
^ Arts.gov
^ Fordham, John (2010-08-15). "Abbey Lincoln obituary". The Guardian (London: Guardian Media Group). ISSN 0261-3077. OCLC 60623878. Archived from the original on 17 August 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/aug/15/abbey-lincoln-obituary. Retrieved 2010-08-16.
^ ^a ^b "Abbey Lincoln at IMDB.com". http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0511085/. Retrieved 2 August 2007.
^ Mo’ Better Blues Full Cast
^ Thedeadrockstarsclub.com - accessed August 2010
^ Allmusic review

External links [link]

Biography portal

Abbey Lincoln at the Internet Movie Database
Bio at Verve Records
Abbey Lincoln Discography at www.JazzDiscography.com
Abbey Lincoln at NPR Music
Abbey Lincoln Tribute and image.
"Remembering Jazz Singer and Activist Abbey Lincoln" at NPR Music: Music News

Persondata
Name	Lincoln, Abbey
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1930-08-06
Place of birth	Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Date of death	2010-08-14
Place of death	Manhattan, New York, U.S.

http://wn.com/Abbey_Lincoln

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http://ru.wn.com/Эбби Линкольн

http://de.wn.com/Abbey Lincoln

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Elvin Jones
Elvin Jones in 1976
Background information
Birth name	Elvin Ray Jones
Born	(1927-09-09)September 9, 1927
Origin	Pontiac, Michigan, U.S.
Died	May 18, 2004(2004-05-18) (aged 76)
Genres	Modal jazz, avant-garde jazz, hard bop, mainstream jazz, post-bop
Occupations	Drummer, bandleader
Instruments	Drums
Associated acts	John Coltrane, Charles Mingus, Thad Jones, Hank Jones

Elvin Ray Jones (September 9, 1927 – May 18, 2004) was a jazz drummer of the post-bop era.^[1] He showed interest in drums at a young age, watching the circus bands march by his family's home in Pontiac, Michigan.

He served in the United States Army from 1946 to 1949 and subsequently played in a Detroit houseband led by Billy Mitchell. He moved to New York in 1955 and worked as a sideman for Charles Mingus, Teddy Charles, Bud Powell and Miles Davis.^[1]

From 1960 to 1966 he was a member of the John Coltrane quartet (along with Jimmy Garrison on bass and McCoy Tyner on Piano), a celebrated recording phase, appearing on such albums as A Love Supreme. Following his work with John Coltrane, Jones led several small groups, some under the name The Elvin Jones Jazz Machine. He recorded with both of his brothers during his career, jazz musicians Hank Jones and Thad Jones.^[1]

1 Biography
2 Discography
- 2.1 As leader
- 2.2 As sideman
3 Filmography
4 References
5 External links

Biography [link]

Early life [link]

Elvin Jones was born in Pontiac, Michigan to parents Henry and Olivia Jones who moved to Michigan from Vickisburg, Mississippi. By age two he said he knew he held a fascination for drums. He would watch the circus marching band parades go by his home as a boy, particularly fascinated by the drummers. Following his early passion, Elvin joined his high school's black marching band, where he developed his foundation in rudiments. Jones began service in the United States Army in 1946. He was discharged in 1949, and returned home penniless. Jones said he borrowed thirty-five dollars from his sister when he got back to buy his first drumset.^[2]

Elvin began his professional career in 1949 with a short-lived gig in Detroit's Grand River Street club. Eventually he went on to play with artists such as Miles Davis and Wardell Gray. In 1955, after a failed audition for the Benny Goodman band, he found work in New York, joining Charles Mingus's band, and releasing a record called J is for Jazz.

1960–1966: John Coltrane and beyond [link]

In 1960, he joined with the classic John Coltrane Quartet, which also included bassist Jimmy Garrison and pianist McCoy Tyner. Jones and Coltrane often played extended duet passages. This band is widely considered to have redefined "swing" (the rhythmic feel of jazz) in much the same way that Louis Armstrong, Charlie Parker, and others did during earlier stages of jazz's development. He stayed with Coltrane until 1966. By that time, Jones was not entirely comfortable with Coltrane's new direction and his polyrhythmic style clashed with the "multidirectional" approach of the group's second drummer, Rashied Ali.

Jones remained active after leaving the John Coltrane group, and led several bands in the late sixties and seventies that are considered highly influential groups. Notable among them was a trio formed with saxophonist and multi-instrumentalist Joe Farrell and (ex-Coltrane) bassist Jimmy Garrison, with whom he recorded the Blue Note album Puttin' It Together. Jones recorded extensively for Blue Note under his own name in the late sixties and early seventies, with groups that featured prominent as well as up and coming greats. The two volume Live at The Lighthouse showcases a 21- and 26-year-old Steve Grossman and Dave Liebman, respectively. Other musicians of note who made significant contributions to Elvin's music during this period were baritone saxophonist Pepper Adams, tenor saxophonists George Coleman and Frank Foster, trumpeter Lee Morgan, bassist Gene Perla, keyboardist Jan Hammer and Jazz - World Music group Oregon.

Late career [link]

Elvin Jones' sense of timing, polyrhythms, dynamics, timbre, and legato phrasing brought the drumset to the foreground. Jones was touted by Life Magazine as "the world's greatest rhythmic drummer", and his free-flowing style was a major influence on many leading drummers, including Christian Vander, Mitch Mitchell (whom Jimi Hendrix called "my Elvin Jones") and Ginger Baker. He appeared as the villain Job Cain in the 1971 off-beat Western film Zachariah, in which he performed a drum solo after winning a saloon gunfight. In 1999, Jones worked with Our Lady Peace on their album Happiness...Is Not a Fish That You Can Catch. He was featured playing drums on the song "Stealing Babies", which was also featured on their 2009 compilation album The Very Best of Our Lady Peace.

Jones performed and recorded with his own group, the Elvin Jones Jazz Machine, whose line up changed through the years. Sonny Fortune and Ravi Coltrane, John Coltrane's son, both played saxophone with the Jazz Machine in the early 1990s, appearing together with Jones on In Europe on Enja Records in 1991. Jones, who taught regularly, often took part in clinics, played in schools, and gave free concerts in prisons. His lessons emphasized music history as well as drumming technique.

Elvin Jones died of heart failure in Englewood, New Jersey on May 18, 2004. He is survived by his first wife Shirley and his second, albeit common-law, wife Keiko (Elvin married Keiko before divorcing Shirley, meaning that legally he and Keiko were not married). Elvin Jones is survived by his son Elvin Nathan Jones of California and daughter Rose-Marie Rosie Nyberg of Sweden.

Discography [link]

As leader [link]

Year of recording	Album	Personnel	Label
1961	Together!	Philly Joe Jones, Blue Mitchell, Curtis Fuller, Hank Mobley, Wynton Kelly, Paul Chambers	Atlantic
1961	Elvin!	Frank Wess, Frank Foster, Art Davis, Hank Jones, Thad Jones	Riverside
1963	Illumination!	Jimmy Garrison, Prince Lasha, Sonny Simmons, Charles Davis, McCoy Tyner	Impulse!
1965	Dear John C.	Richard Davis, Hank Jones, Roland Hanna, Charlie Mariano	Impulse!
1965	And Then Again	J. J. Johnson, Frank Wess, Charles Davis, Don Friedman, Paul Chambers, Thad Jones, Hank Jones, Art Davis	Atlantic
1966	Midnight Walk	Thad Jones, Hank Mobley, Dollar Brand, Steve James, Don Moore	Atlantic
1967	Heavy Sounds	Richard Davis, Frank Foster, Billy Greene	Impulse!
1968	Live at the Village Vanguard	Wilbur Little, George Coleman, Marvin Peterson	Enja
1968	Puttin' It Together	Joe Farrell, Jimmy Garrison	Blue Note
1968	The Ultimate	Jimmy Garrison, Joe Farrell	Blue Note
1969	Poly-Currents	George Coleman, Joe Farrell, Pepper Adams, Wilbur Little, Candido Camero, Fred Tompkins	Blue Note
1970	Coalition	George Coleman, Frank Foster, Wilbur Little, Candido Camero,	Blue Note
1971	Genesis	Gene Perla, Frank Foster, Dave Liebman, Joe Farrell	Blue Note
1971	Merry-Go-Round	Dave Liebman, Steve Grossman, Joe Farrell, Chick Corea, Jan Hammer, Don Alias, Gene Perla	Blue Note
1972	Mr. Jones	Joe Farrell, Pepper Adams, Dave Liebman, Jan Hammer, Gene Perla	Blue Note
1972	Live at the Lighthouse	Dave Liebman, Steve Grossman, Gene Perla	Blue Note
1973	At This Point in Time	Steve Grossman, Pepper Adams, Jan Hammer	Blue Note
1969-1973	The Prime Element	George Coleman, Joe Farrell, Lee Morgan, Pepper Adams, Steve Grossman, Frank Foster	Blue Note
1975	Mr. Thunder	Steve Grossman, Roland Prince, Milton Suggs, Luis Agudo, Sjunne Ferger	East West
1975	Elvin Jones is "On the Mountain"	Jan Hammer, Gene Perla	PM
1975	New Agenda	Steve Grossman, Roland Prince, Dave Williams	Vanguard
1976	The Main Force	Ryo Kawasaki, Al Dailey, Dave Liebman	Vanguard
1976	Summit Meeting	James Moody, Clark Terry, Bunky Green, Roland Prince	Vanguard
1977	Time Capsule	Bunky Green, Kenny Barron, Angel Allende, Ryo Kawasaki, Frank Wess, Milt Hinton, Frank Foster, George Coleman, Junie Booth	Vanguard
1978	Remembrance	Pat LaBarbera, Michael Stuart, Roland Prince, Andy McCloud III	MPS
1978	Elvin Jones Music Machine	Frank Foster, Pat LaBarbera, Roland Prince, Andy McCloud III	Mark Levison (Japan)
1978	Live in Japan 1978: Dear John C.	Frank Foster, Pat LaBarbera, Roland Prince, Andy McCloud III	Trio (Japan)
1978	Elvin Jones Jazz Machine Live in Japan Vol. 2	Frank Foster, Pat LaBarbera, Roland Prince, Andy McCloud III	Trio (Japan)
1979	Very R.A.R.E.	Art Pepper, Frank Foster, Pat LaBarbera	Trio (Japan)
1980	Soul Train	Andrew White, Richard "Ari" Brown, Marvin Horne, Andy McCloud III	Denon
1980	Heart to Heart	Tommy Flanagan, Richard Davis	Denon
1982	Earth Jones	Kenny Kirkland, Dave Liebman, Terumasa Hino, George Mraz	Palo Alto
1982	Love & Peace	McCoy Tyner, Pharoah Sanders, Jean-Paul Bourelly, Richard Davis	Trio (Japan)
1982	Brother John	Kenny Kirkland, Reggie Workman, Pat LaBarbera	Palo Alto
1984	Live at the Village Vanguard Volume One	Frank Foster, Pat LaBarbera, Fumio Karashima, Chip Jackson	Landmark
1985	Elvin Jones Jazz Machine Live at Pit Inn	Sonny Fortune, Pat LaBarbera, Fumio Karashima, Richard Davis	Polydor (Japan)
1990	Power Trio	John Hicks, Cecil McBee	Novus
1990	When I Was at Aso-Mountain	Sonny Fortune, Takehisa Tanaka, Cecil McBee	Enja
1991	In Europe	Sonny Fortune, Ravi Coltrane, Willie Pickens, Chip Jackson	Enja
1992	Youngblood	Joshua Redman, Javon Jackson, Nicholas Payton, George Mraz	Enja
1992	Going Home	Willie Pickens, Ravi Coltrane, Kent Jordan, Brad Jones, Nicholas Payton	Enja
1992	Tribute to John Coltrane "A Love Supreme"	Wynton Marsalis, Marcus Roberts, Reginald Veal	Columbia (Japan)
1993	It Don't Mean a Thing	Nicholas Payton, Sonny Fortune, Delfeayo Marsalis, Willie Pickens, Cecil McBee, Kevin Mahogany	Enja
1998	Momentum Space	Cecil Taylor, Dewey Redman	Verve
1999	The Truth: Heard Live at the Blue Note	Darren Barrett, Robin Eubanks, Carlos McKinney, Michael Brecker	Half Note

As sideman [link]

Date (of recording)	Album	Leader	Label
1948	Swing...Not Spring!	Billy Mitchell	Savoy Records
1955	Blue Moods	Miles Davis	Prestige Records
1956	Farmer's Market	Art Farmer	New Jazz
1956	J is for Jazz	J. J. Johnson	Columbia Records
1956-57	The Jones Boys	Quincy Jones	Everest Recordings
1957	Paul Chambers Quintet	Paul Chambers	Blue Note
1957	Night at the Village Vanguard	Sonny Rollins	Blue Note
1957	Blue Moods	Kenny Burrell	Prestige (7088)
1958	Mal/3: Sounds	Mal Waldron	Prestige (8201)
1958	Reflections	Steve Lacy	New Jazz (8206)
1958	Soul Stirrin'	Bennie Green	Blue Note (1599)
1959	All the Gin Is Gone	Jimmy Forrest	Delmark
1959	Black Forrest	Jimmy Forrest	Delmark
1959	Great Jazz Standards	Gil Evans	World Pacific
1959	Sketches of Spain	Miles Davis	Columbia
1960	Coltrane Plays the Blues	John Coltrane	Atlantic
1960	Coltrane's Sound	John Coltrane	Atlantic
1960	My Favorite Things	John Coltrane	Atlantic
1961	Coltrane Jazz (only on 1 track)	John Coltrane	Atlantic
1961	Africa/Brass	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1961	Live! at the Village Vanguard	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1961	Into Something	Yusef Lateef	New Jazz
1961	Motion	Lee Konitz	Verve
1962	Ready for Freddie	Freddie Hubbard	Blue Note
1962	Duke Ellington & John Coltrane	Duke Ellington, John Coltrane	Impulse!
1962	Ballads	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1962	Coltrane	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1962	Inception	McCoy Tyner	Impulse!
1963	Today and Tomorrow	McCoy Tyner	Impulse!
1963	Impressions	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1963	John Coltrane and Johnny Hartman	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1963	Live at Birdland	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1964	Crescent	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1964	A Love Supreme	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1964	Judgment!	Andrew Hill	Blue Note
1964	Stan Getz & Bill Evans	Stan Getz, Bill Evans	Verve
1964	Bob Brookmeyer and Friends	Bob Brookmeyer	Verve
1964	Night Dreamer	Wayne Shorter	Blue Note
1964	JuJu	Wayne Shorter	Blue Note
1964	Speak No Evil	Wayne Shorter	Blue Note
1964	McCoy Tyner Plays Ellington	McCoy Tyner	Impulse!
1964	Matador	Grant Green	Blue Note
1964	Street of Dreams	Grant Green	Blue Note
1964	Solid	Grant Green	Blue Note
1964	Talkin' About!	Grant Green	Blue Note
1964	In 'N Out	Joe Henderson	Blue Note
1964	Inner Urge	Joe Henderson	Blue Note
1964	Into Somethin'	Larry Young	Blue Note
1964	The Individualism of Gil Evans	Gil Evans	Verve
1965	Unity	Larry Young	Blue Note
1965	Rip, Rig and Panic	Roland Kirk	Limelight
1965	I Want to Hold Your Hand	Grant Green	Blue Note
1965	The John Coltrane Quartet Plays	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	Om	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	New Thing at Newport	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	Gleanings	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	Transition	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	First Meditations	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	Living Space	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	Sun Ship	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	Meditations	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	Kulu Sé Mama	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1965	Live at the Half Note: One Down, One Up	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1966	Live In Seattle	John Coltrane	Impulse!
1966	East Broadway Run Down	Sonny Rollins	Impulse!
1966	Blue Spirits	Freddie Hubbard	Blue Note
1967	The Lee Konitz Duets	Lee Konitz	Milestone
1967	The Real McCoy	McCoy Tyner	Blue Note
1968	New York Is Now!	Ornette Coleman	Blue Note
1968	Love Call	Ornette Coleman	Blue Note
1970	Extensions	McCoy Tyner	Blue Note
1971	Outback	Joe Farrell	CTI
1975	Trident	McCoy Tyner	Milestone
1976	Together	Oregon	Vanguard
1977	Well Water	Frank Foster	Piadrum (released 2007)
1977	Something For Lester	Ray Brown	OJC
1987	But Beautiful	Lew Soloff	King Records
Jun 26, 1987^[3]	Magical Trio 1	James Williams	Emarcy
Sep 2, 1988^[4]	Meet the Magical Trio	James Williams	Emarcy
1990	Special Quartet	David Murray	DIW/Columbia
1991	Ask the Ages	Sonny Sharrock	Axiom Records
1995	After the Rain	John McLaughlin	Verve
1995	The Main Ingredient	Shirley Horn	Verve
1998	Trio Fascination: Edition One	Joe Lovano	Blue Note
1999	Jones for Elvin - Volumes 1 and 2	Steve Griggs	Hip City Music
1999	Time is of the Essence	Michael Brecker	Verve
2001	With Dave Holland and Elvin Jones	Bill Frisell	Nonesuch

Filmography [link]

1979 A Different Drummer (Rhapsody)^[1]
1996 Elvin Jones: Jazz Machine (VIEW)^[5]
1971 Zachariah MGM DVD

References [link]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Yanow, Scott. "Elvin Jones". AllMusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p6844. Retrieved 2011-10-19.
^ Gross, Terry. "Elvin Jones NPR interview". http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1905210. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
^ Allmusic Magical Trio 1 review
^ Allmusic Meet the Magical Trio review
^ Jones, Elvin. "VIEW DVD Listing". View.com. http://www.view.com/elvin_jones_jazz_machine_dvd.aspx. Retrieved 2011-10-19.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Elvin Jones

Persondata
Name	Jones, Elvin
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	September 9, 1927
Place of birth
Date of death	May 18, 2004
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Art Blakey
Blakey
Background information
Birth name	Arthur Blakey
Also known as	Abdullah Ibn Buhaina
Born	(1919-10-11)October 11, 1919 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania United States
Died	October 16, 1990(1990-10-16) (aged 71) New York City, New York, U.S.
Genres	Hard bop, bebop
Occupations	Drummer, bandleader
Instruments	Drums, percussion
Years active	1942–1990
Labels	Blue Note
Associated acts	Art Blakey & the Jazz Messengers, Art Blakey Quartet, Art Blakey Quintet, Art Blakey & the Afrocuban Boys
Website	www.artblakey.com

Arthur "Art" Blakey (October 11, 1919 – October 16, 1990),^[1] known later as Abdullah Ibn Buhaina, was an American Grammy Award-winning jazz drummer and bandleader. He was a member of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community.

Along with Kenny Clarke and Max Roach, he was one of the inventors of the modern bebop style of drumming. He is known as a powerful musician and a vital groover; his brand of bluesy, funky hard bop was and continues to be profoundly influential on mainstream jazz. For more than 30 years his band, Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers, included many young musicians who went on to become prominent names in jazz. The band's legacy is thus not only known for the music it produced, but as a proving ground for several generations of jazz musicians;^[2] Blakey's groups are matched only by those of Miles Davis in this regard.^[3]

Blakey was inducted into the Jazz Hall of Fame (in 1982), the Grammy Hall of Fame (in 2001), and was awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2005.

1 Before the Messengers
2 The Jazz Messengers
3 Later career
4 Jazz Messengers alumni
5 Awards
6 Discography
7 References
8 External links

Before the Messengers [link]

Blakey was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. By the time he was a teenager, he was playing the piano full-time, leading a commercial band. Shortly afterwards, reputedly because he thought he would be unable to compete with the emerging pianist Erroll Garner, he taught himself to play the drums in the aggressive swing style of Chick Webb, Sid Catlett and Ray Bauduc. He joined Mary Lou Williams as a drummer for an engagement in New York in autumn 1942. He then toured with the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra (1939–1942). During his years with Billy Eckstine’s big band (1944–7), Blakey became associated with the bebop movement, along with his fellow band members Miles Davis, Dexter Gordon, Fats Navarro and others.^[4]

By the late forties and early fifties, Blakey was backing musicians such as Miles Davis, Bud Powell and Thelonious Monk — he is often considered to have been Monk's most empathetic drummer,^[5] and he played on both Monk's first recording session as a leader (for Blue Note Records in 1947) and his final one (in London in 1971), as well as many in between.

Blakey said that he travelled to Africa during 1948 and 1949. He converted to Islam during this period and took the name Abdullah Ibn Buhaina (which led to the nickname "Bu"). In the early 1950s he performed and broadcast with such musicians as Charlie Parker and Miles Davis.

From his earliest recording sessions with Eckstine, and particularly in his historic sessions with Monk in 1947, Blakey exuded power and originality, creating a dark cymbal sound punctuated by frequent loud snare- and bass-drum accents in triplets or cross-rhythms. Although Blakey discouraged comparison of his own music with African drumming, he adopted several African devices, including rapping on the side of the drum and using his elbow on the tom-tom to alter the pitch. His much-imitated trademark, the forceful closing of the hi-hat on every second and fourth beat, was part of his style from 1950 to '51. A loud and domineering drummer, Blakey also listened and responded to his soloists. His contribution to jazz as a discoverer and molder of young talent over three decades was no less significant than his very considerable innovations on his instrument.^[4]

The Jazz Messengers [link]

Art Blakey on a tour billed as part of the "Giants of Jazz" in Hamburg, Germany in 1973

In 1947 Blakey organized the Seventeen Messengers, a rehearsal band, and recorded with an octet called the Jazz Messengers.^[6] The use of the Messengers tag only stuck with the group co-led at first by both Blakey and pianist Horace Silver, though the name was not used on the earliest of their recordings. Blakey and Silver recorded together on several occasions, including live at Birdland with trumpeter Clifford Brown and alto-saxophonist Lou Donaldson in 1954 for Blue Note, having formed in 1953 a regular cooperative group with Hank Mobley and Kenny Dorham.

The "Jazz Messengers" name was first used for this group on a 1954 recording nominally led by Silver, with Blakey, Mobley, Dorham and Doug Watkins — the same quintet would record The Jazz Messengers at the Cafe Bohemia the following year, still functioning as a collective. Donald Byrd replaced Dorham, and the group recorded an album called simply The Jazz Messengers for Columbia Records in 1956. Blakey took over the group name when Silver left after the band's first year (taking Mobley, Byrd and Watkins with him to form a new quintet with a variety of drummers), and the band was known as "Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers" from then onwards with Blakey being the sole leader, and he remained associated with it for the rest of his life. It was the archetypal hard-bop group of the 1950s, playing a driving, aggressive extension of bop with pronounced blues roots. Towards the end of the 1950s, the saxophonists Johnny Griffin and Benny Golson were in turn briefly members of the group. Golson, as music director, wrote several jazz standards which began as part of the band book such as "I Remember Clifford", and "Blues March" was regularly revived by later editions of the group. "Along Came Betty" and "Are You Real" were other Golson compositions for Blakey.

From 1959 to 1961 the group featured Wayne Shorter on tenor saxophone, Jymie Merritt, Lee Morgan, and Bobby Timmons.^[1] The second line-up (1961–1964) was a sextet that added trombonist Curtis Fuller and replaced Morgan and Timmons with Freddie Hubbard and Cedar Walton, respectively.^[1] Shorter was now the musical director of the group, and many of his original compositions such as "Lester Left Town" remained repertoire staples later on. (Other players over the years made permanent marks on Blakey's repertoire — Timmons, composer of "Dat Dere" and "Moanin'", and later, Bobby Watson.) Shorter's more experimental inclinations pushed the band at the time into an engagement with the 1960s "New Thing", as it was called: the influence of Coltrane's contemporary records on Impulse! is evident on Free For All (1964), often cited as the greatest document of the Shorter-era Messengers (and certainly one of the most fearsomely powerful examples of hard bop on record).^{[citation needed]}

Up to the 1960s Blakey also recorded as a sideman with many other musicians: Jimmy Smith, Herbie Nichols, Cannonball Adderley, Grant Green, and Jazz Messengers graduates Lee Morgan and Hank Mobley, amongst many others. However, after the mid-1960s he mostly concentrated on his own work as a leader. Blakey also made a world tour in 1971–2 with the Giants of Jazz (with Dizzy Gillespie, Kai Winding, Sonny Stitt, Thelonious Monk and Al McKibbon).^[4]

Later career [link]

Blakey went on to record dozens of albums with a constantly changing group of Jazz Messengers — he had a policy of encouraging young musicians: as he remarked on-mike during the live session which resulted in the A Night at Birdland albums in 1954: "I'm gonna stay with the youngsters. When these get too old I'll get some younger ones. Keeps the mind active."^[1] After weathering the fusion era in the 1970s with some difficulty (recordings from this period are less plentiful and include attempts to incorporate instruments like electric piano), Blakey's band got revitalized in the early 1980s with the advent of neotraditionalist jazz. Blakey's ferociousness and tenacity while drumming earned him the nickname "Jazz Tiger", or "The Tiger of Jazz". Wynton Marsalis was for a time the band's trumpeter and musical director, and even after Marsalis's departure Blakey's band continued as a proving ground for many "Young Lions" like Johnny O'Neal, Philip Harper, Terence Blanchard, Donald Harrison and Kenny Garrett.

Blakey continued performing and touring with the group into the late 1980s; Ron Wynn notes that Blakey had "played with such force and fury that he eventually lost much of his hearing, and at the end of his life, often played strictly by instinct."^[7] Some reports suggest Blakey had hearing problems as early as 1959. Blakey died in 1990 in New York City, leaving behind a vast legacy and approach to jazz which is still the model for countless hard-bop players.^[1]^[7]

Jazz Messengers alumni [link]

This section requires expansion.

Piano

Wynton Kelly, Joanne Brackeen, Donald Brown, Walter Davis, Jr., Sam Dockery, Kenny Drew, Benny Green, John Hicks, Keith Jarrett, Geoffrey Keezer, Mulgrew Miller, Johnny O'Neal, Horace Silver, Bobby Timmons, Cedar Walton, James Williams

Reeds

Dale Barlow, Gary Bartz, Kenny Garrett, Lou Donaldson, John Gilmore, Benny Golson, Johnny Griffin, Billy Harper, Donald Harrison, Javon Jackson, Branford Marsalis, Jackie McLean, Hank Mobley, Bill Pierce, David Schnitter, Wayne Shorter, Ira Sullivan, Jean Toussaint, Bobby Watson

Trumpet

Terence Blanchard, Clifford Brown, Donald Byrd, Kenny Dorham, Bill Hardman, Philip Harper, Freddie Hubbard, Brian Lynch, Chuck Mangione, Wynton Marsalis, Lee Morgan, Woody Shaw, Valery Ponomarev, Charles Tolliver

Trombone

Steve Davis, Robin Eubanks, Curtis Fuller, Frank Lacy, Tim Williams

Bass

Spanky DeBrest, Charles Fambrough, Dennis Irwin, Jymie Merritt, Curly Russell, Victor Sproles, Doug Watkins, Wilbur Ware, Reggie Workman, Riccardo Del Fra, Stanley Clarke

Guitar

Bobby Broom, Kevin Eubanks

Drums

Ralph Peterson, Jr.

Awards [link]

Jazz Mobile Development and Preservation of Jazz (1970)
Newport Jazz Festival Hall of Fame (1976)
Down Beat Jazz Hall of Fame Reader's Choice Award (1981)
Smithsonian Performing Arts Certificate of Appreciation (1982)
Lee Morgan Memorial Award (1982)
Jazz Hall of Fame Induction (1982)
Grammy Award Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group (1984) for the album New York Scene
Jazznote Award (1986)
Doctorate of Music (1987; Berklee College of Music)
Martin Luther King Humanitarian Award (1991)
Grammy Hall of Fame Induction for the album Moanin' (2001)
Pittsburgh Jazz Festival Award
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award (2005; awarded posthumously)

Discography [link]

Main article: Art Blakey discography

References [link]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e allmusic Biography
^ "Art Blakey, Jazz Great, Is Dead; A Drummer and Band Leader, 71". New York Times article by Peter Watrous. October 17, 1990. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE1D61030F934A25753C1A966958260. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
^ "Miles Davis III Discography". Miles Davis' biography by Scott Yanow of Allmusic.. http://www.perseusbooksgroup.com/features/miles/bio.html.
^ ^a ^b ^c Grove Music Online: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd Edition (2001)
^ "Monk's Music". Monkzone.com. 1957-06-26. http://www.monkzone.com/linotes/Monk%27s%20Music%20(Keepnews).htm. Retrieved 2011-10-06.
^ Rosenthal, David, H.. Hard Bop: Jazz and Black Music 1955-1965. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-505869-0.
^ ^a ^b Wynn, Ron (1994), Ron Wynn, ed., All Music Guide to Jazz, M. Erlewine, V. Bogdanov, San Francisco: Miller Freeman, p. 90, ISBN 0-87930-308-5

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Art Blakey

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Art Blakey

Official Art Blakey website

Persondata
Name	Blakey, Art
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	October 11, 1919
Place of birth	Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania United States
Date of death	October 16, 1990
Place of death	New York City, New York, U.S.

http://wn.com/Art_Blakey

http://it.wn.com/Art Blakey

http://cs.wn.com/Art Blakey

http://es.wn.com/Art Blakey

http://ru.wn.com/Блэйки, Арт

http://nl.wn.com/Art Blakey

http://pt.wn.com/Art Blakey

http://pl.wn.com/Art Blakey

http://fr.wn.com/Art Blakey

http://de.wn.com/Art Blakey

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Blakey

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Clifford Brown
File:Clifford Brown.jpg
Background information
Also known as	"Brownie"
Born	(1930-10-30)October 30, 1930
Origin	Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.
Died	June 26, 1956(1956-06-26) (aged 25)
Genres	Bebop Hard bop
Occupations	Trumpeter
Instruments	Trumpet
Associated acts	Max Roach Harold Land Lionel Hampton

Clifford Brown (October 30, 1930 – June 26, 1956), aka "Brownie," was an influential and highly rated American jazz trumpeter. He died aged 25, leaving behind only four years' worth of recordings. Nonetheless, he had a considerable influence on later jazz trumpet players, including Donald Byrd, Lee Morgan, Booker Little, Freddie Hubbard, Woody Shaw, Valery Ponomarev, Wynton Marsalis, and many others.^[1]

He won the Down Beat critics' poll for the "New Star of the Year" in 1954; he was inducted into the Down Beat "Jazz Hall of Fame" in 1972 in the critics' poll.^[1]

1 Biography
2 Legacy
3 Discography
- 3.1 As leader
- 3.2 As sideman
4 References
5 Sources
6 External links

Biography [link]

Brown was born in Wilmington, Delaware. After briefly attending Delaware State University^[2] and Maryland State College, he was seriously injured in a car accident in June 1950. During his year-long hospitalization, Dizzy Gillespie visited the younger trumpeter and pushed him to pursue his musical career.^[3] Brown moved into playing music professionally, where he quickly became one of the most highly regarded trumpeters in jazz.^[1]

He was influenced and encouraged by Fats Navarro,^[3] sharing Navarro's virtuosic technique and brilliance of invention. His sound was warm and round, and notably consistent across the full range of the instrument. He could articulate every note, even at very fast tempos which seemed to present no difficulty to him; this served to enhance the impression of his speed of execution. His sense of harmony was highly developed, enabling him to deliver bold statements through complex harmonic progressions (chord changes), and embodying the linear, "algebraic" terms of bebop harmony. In addition to his up-tempo prowess, he could express himself deeply in a ballad performance.

He performed with R&B bandleader Chris Powell,^[3] Tadd Dameron, Lionel Hampton, and Art Blakey before forming his own group with Max Roach. The Clifford Brown & Max Roach Quintet was a high water mark of the hard bop style. The group's pianist, Richie Powell (younger brother of Bud), contributed original compositions, as did Brown himself. The partnership of Brown's trumpet with Harold Land's tenor saxophone made for a very strong front line. Teddy Edwards briefly replaced Land before Sonny Rollins took over for the remainder of the group's existence. In their hands the bebop vernacular reached a peak of inventiveness.^[1]

The clean-living Brown escaped the influence of heroin on the jazz world, a model established by Charlie Parker. Clifford stayed away from drugs and was not fond of alcohol.^[1]

In June 1956, Brown and Richie Powell were being driven from Philadelphia to Chicago by Powell's wife Nancy for the band's next appearance. While driving on a rainy night on the Pennsylvania Turnpike, west of Bedford, she lost control of the car and it went off the road (it has been reported that she may not have been wearing her glasses^{[citation needed]} despite near-sightedness^[4]). All three were killed in the resulting crash. Brown is buried in Mt. Zion Cemetery, in Wilmington, Delaware.

Clifford Brown died on the second anniversary of his marriage to his wife LaRue, which was also LaRue's 22nd birthday.

Legacy [link]

Benny Golson, who had done a stint in Lionel Hampton's band with Brown, wrote "I Remember Clifford" to honour his memory. The piece became a jazz standard, as musicians paid tribute by recording their own interpretations of it.

Helen Merrill, who recorded with Brown in 1954 (Helen Merrill, EmArcy), recorded a tribute album in 1995 entitled Brownie: Homage to Clifford Brown. The album features solos and ensemble work by trumpeters Lew Soloff, Tom Harrell, Wallace Roney, and Roy Hargrove.

Arturo Sandoval's entire second album after fleeing from his native Cuba, titled I Remember Clifford, was likewise a tribute to Brown.

Each year Wilmington, Delaware hosts the Clifford Brown Jazz Festival.

Brownie Speaks, a video documentary, is the culmination of years of research by Wilmington-born jazz pianist Don Glanden, research that has included interviews with Brown's friends, family, contemporaries, and admirers. Glanden's son Brad edited these interviews, along with archival materials and newly shot video footage. The documentary premiered in 2008 at the "Brownie Speaks" Clifford Brown Symposium hosted by The University of the Arts. The three-day symposium featured performances from close friends and bandmates of Brown such as Benny Golson and Lou Donaldson and other prominent artists inspired by Brown such as Marcus Belgrave, Terence Blanchard, and John Fedchock.

Discography [link]

As leader [link]

Memorial Album (Blue Note, 1953)
Memorial (Prestige, 1953)
The Clifford Brown Big Band in Paris (Prestige, 1953)
The Clifford Brown Sextet in Paris (Prestige, 1953)
Daahoud (Mainstream Records, 1954)
Clifford Brown: Jazz Immortal (Pacific Jazz, 1954, Rudy Van Gelder remastering, 2001)
Brown and Roach Incorporated (EmArcy, 1954)
Study in Brown (EmArcy, 1955)
Max Roach and Clifford Brown in Concert (GNP Crescendo, 1955)
Clifford Brown and Max Roach (EmArcy, 1955)
Clifford Brown with Strings (EmArcy, 1955)
Clifford Brown and Max Roach at Basin Street (EmArcy, 1956)
Clifford Brown All Stars (EmArcy, 1956)

As sideman [link]

With Art Blakey

A Night at Birdland Vol. 1 (Blue Note, 1954)
A Night at Birdland Vol. 2 (Blue Note, 1954)
A Night at Birdland Vol. 3 (Blue Note, 1954)

With J.J. Johnson

The Eminent J. J. Johnson Volume 1 (Blue Note, 1953)

With Helen Merrill

Helen Merrill (EmArcy, 1954)

With Sarah Vaughan

Sarah Vaughan with Clifford Brown (EmArcy, 1954)

With Sonny Rollins

Sonny Rollins Plus 4 (Prestige, 1956)

References [link]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e allmusic Biography
^ Charles Carson, PhD (July 10, 2010). "Clifford Brown's Philadelphia". Scribd. p. 5. http://www.scribd.com/doc/34152643/Clifford-Brown%E2%80%99s-Philadelphia-pdf. Retrieved March 8, 2012. "As Nick Catalano points out, Brown began making regular trips to Philadelphia while still in high school. These trips grew in frequency after he graduated and entered Delaware State University, however, and it could very well be said that, although his dorm was in Dover, his classroom was in Philadelphia."
^ ^a ^b ^c Rosenthal, David, H.. Hard Bop: Jazz and Black Music 1955-1965. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-505869-0.
^ Jim Denham (October 30, 2010). "I Remember Clifford". Shiraz Socialist. http://shirazsocialist.wordpress.com/2010/10/30/i-remember-clifford-2/. Retrieved March 8, 2012.

Sources [link]

Nick Catalano, Clifford Brown: The Life and Art of the Legendary Jazz Trumpeter (Oxford University Press, 2001)

Persondata
Name	Brown, Clifford
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	October 30, 1930
Place of birth
Date of death	June 26, 1956
Place of death

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford_Brown

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Roach, Max Filmography

Born: 1924-01-10

Died: 2007-08-15

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