Daniel Libeskind
Daniel Libeskind in front of his extension to the Denver Art Museum.
Born	(1946-05-12) May 12, 1946 (age 66) Łódź, Poland
Nationality	American
Work
Practice	Studio Daniel Libeskind
Buildings	Jewish Museum Berlin Imperial War Museum North Contemporary Jewish Museum Royal Ontario Museum (expansion)

Daniel Libeskind, (born May 12, 1946) is an American architect, artist, and set designer of Polish-Jewish descent. Libeskind founded Studio Daniel Libeskind in 1989 with his wife, Nina, and is its principal design architect.^[1] His buildings include the Jewish Museum in Berlin, Germany, the extension to the Denver Art Museum in the United States, the Grand Canal Theatre in Dublin, the Imperial War Museum North in Greater Manchester, England, the Michael Lee-Chin Crystal at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada, the Felix Nussbaum Haus in Osnabrück, Germany, the Danish Jewish Museum in Copenhagen, Denmark, and the Wohl Centre at the Bar-Ilan University in Ramat-Gan, Israel.^[2] His portfolio also includes several residential projects. Libeskind's work has been exhibited in major museums and galleries around the world, including the Museum of Modern Art, the Bauhaus Archives, the Art Institute of Chicago, and the Centre Pompidou.^[3] On February 27, 2003, Libeskind won the competition to be the master plan architect for the reconstruction of the World Trade Center site in Lower Manhattan.^[4]

Personal life[link]

Libeskind's addition to the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto (2007).

Born in Łódź, Poland on May 12, 1946, Libeskind was the second child of Dora and Nachman Libeskind, both Polish Jews and Holocaust survivors.

As a young child, Libeskind learned to play the accordion and quickly became a virtuoso, performing on Polish television in 1953. He won a prestigious America Israel Cultural Foundation scholarship in 1959 and played alongside a young Itzhak Perlman.^[5] That summer, the Libeskinds moved to New York City on one of the last immigrant boats to the United States.

In New York, Libeskind lived in the Amalgamated Housing Cooperative in the northwest Bronx, a union-sponsored, middle-income cooperative development. He attended the Bronx High School of Science. The print shop where his father worked was on Stone Street in lower Manhattan, and Libeskind watched the original World Trade Center being built in the 1960s.^[6]

Libeskind became a United States citizen in 1965.^[7] In 1970, he received his professional architectural degree from the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art; he received a postgraduate degree in History and Theory of Architecture at the School of Comparative Studies at the University of Essex in 1972.

In 1968, Libeskind briefly worked as an apprentice to architect Richard Meier. In 1972, he was hired to work at Peter Eisenman's New York Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies, but he quit almost immediately.^[8]

Daniel Libeskind met Nina Lewis, his future wife and business partner, at the Bundist-run Camp Hemshekh in upstate New York in 1966. They married a few years later and, instead of a traditional honeymoon, traveled across the United States visiting Frank Lloyd Wright buildings on a Cooper Union fellowship.^[9]

Since then, Libeskind has lived, among other places, in New York, Toronto, Michigan, Italy, Germany, and Los Angeles,^[9] and has taught at numerous universities across the world, including the University of Kentucky, Yale University, and the University of Pennsylvania.^[7] Since 2007, Libeskind is visiting professor at the Leuphana University Lueneburg, Germany. He is both a U.S. and Israeli citizen.^[10]

Nina and Daniel Libeskind have three children, Lev, Noam and Rachel.^[11]

Career[link]

Though he had been an architectural theorist and professor for many years, Libeskind completed his first building at the age of 52, with the opening of the Felix Nussbaum Haus in 1998.^[12] Prior to this, critics had dismissed his designs as "unbuildable or unduly assertive."^[13] The first design competition that Libeskind won was in 1987 for housing in West Berlin, but soon thereafter the Berlin Wall fell and the project was canceled. Libeskind won the first four projects he entered into competition for.

The Ascent at Roebling's Bridge, Covington, Ky

The Jewish Museum Berlin, completed in 1999, was Libeskind's first major international success and was one of the first buildings designed after reunification. Libeskind has also designed cultural and commercial institutions, museums, concert halls, convention centers, universities, residences, hotels, and shopping centers. Critics often describe Libeskind's work as deconstructivist.^[14]

Libeskind is perhaps most famous for being selected by the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation to oversee the rebuilding of the World Trade Center^[15], which was destroyed in the September 11, 2001 attacks. He titled his concept for the site Memory Foundations.

Studio Daniel Libeskind, headquartered two blocks south of the World Trade Center site in New York, is currently working on over 40 projects across the world. The studio's most recent completed projects include the Contemporary Jewish Museum in San Francisco, California, The Ascent at Roebling's Bridge in Covington, Kentucky, and the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Ontario.

In addition to his architectural projects, Libeskind also designs opera sets for productions such as the Norwegian National Theatre's The Architect in 1998 and Saarländisches Staatstheater's Tristan und Isolde in 2001. He also designed the sets and costumes for Intolleranza by Luigi Nono and for a production of Messiaen's Saint Francis of Assisi by Deutsche Oper Berlin. He has also written free verse prose, included in his book Fishing from the Pavement.^[16]

Work[link]

The following projects are listed on the Studio Daniel Libeskind website. The first date is the competition, commission, or first presentation date. The second is the completion date or the estimated date of completion.

Completed[link]

Jewish Museum Berlin, 1999

Imperial War Museum North, 2001

Westside interior, 2008

London Metropolitan University, London

Military History Museum - Dresden, 2010

Run Run Shaw Creative Media Centre, 2011

• 1989–1999 Jewish Museum Berlin - Berlin, Germany
• 1995–1998 Felix Nussbaum Haus - Osnabrück, Germany
• 1997–2001 Imperial War Museum North - Greater Manchester, England
• 1998–2008 Contemporary Jewish Museum - San Francisco, California, United States
• 2000–2003 Studio Weil - Majorca, Spain
• 2000–2006 Extension to the Denver Art Museum, Frederic C. Hamilton Building - Denver, Colorado, United States
• 2000–2006 Denver Art Museum Residences - Denver, Colorado, United States
• 2000–2008 Westside Shopping and Leisure Centre - Bern, Switzerland
• 2001–2003 Danish Jewish Museum - Copenhagen, Denmark
• 2001–2004 London Metropolitan University Graduate Centre - London, England
• 2001–2005 The Wohl Centre - Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
• 2002–2007 Michael Lee-Chin Crystal, extension to Royal Ontario Museum and renovation of ten of its existing galleries - Toronto, Ontario, Canada
• 2003–2005 Tangent, Facade for Hyundai Development Corporation Headquarters - Seoul, South Korea
• 2004–2005 Memoria e Luce, 9/11 Memorial - Padua, Italy
• 2004–2007 Glass Courtyard addition to the Jewish Museum Berlin - Berlin, Germany
• 2004–2008 The Ascent at Roebling's Bridge, residential condominium building - Covington, Kentucky, United States
• 2005–2009 MGM Mirage's CityCenter, retail and public space on the Las Vegas Strip - Paradise, Nevada
• 2004–2010 Grand Canal Square, Grand Canal Theatre and Commercial Development - Dublin, Republic of Ireland
• 2010 Wheel of Conscience monument, M.S. St. Louis Memorial, Pier 21 - Halifax, Canada
• 2001–2011 Military History Museum - Dresden, Germany
• 2002–2011 Run Run Shaw Creative Media Centre - Hong Kong
• 2006–2011 Reflections at Keppel Bay, high-rise and low-rise villa apartment blocks - Keppel Bay, Singapore
• 2007-2011 Haeundae I Park Marina, skyscraper complex - Busan, South Korea

Under construction[link]

• 2003–2014 One World Trade Center - New York City, New York
• 2005–2012 Złota 44, apartment tower - Warsaw, Poland
• 2005–2011 L Tower and Sony Centre for the Performing Arts Redevelopment - Toronto, Canada
• 2009–2014 Kö-Bogen, Königsallee, Düsseldorf, Germany

Proposed/In Design[link]

• 2004–2010 New Center for Arts and Culture - Boston, Massachusetts, United States
• 2004–2014 CityLife (Milan) - Milan, Italy
• 2005–? Edwards Condominiums, urban infill residential and commercial spaces - Edwards, Colorado, United States
• 2006–? Ørestad Downtown Master Plan, urban development - just south of Copenhagen, Denmark
• 2006–? Rejuvenation, Forest Heights Boys and Girls Club - Gulfport, Mississippi, United States
• 2006–2011 Haeundae Udong Hyundai I'Park, five waterfront towers - Busan, South Korea
• 2006–2013 New Songdo City, shopping mall, department store, cinema, ice rink, food court in Riverstone complex - Incheon, South Korea
• 2004–2010 Editoriale Bresciana Tower, 23-story office and luxury apartment building - Brescia, Italy
• 2007–2009 18.36.54, residence - Connecticut, United States
• 2010–2013 Tampere Central Arena - Tampere, Finland
• 2011–2015 Beth Shalom, liberal Synagogue - Munich, Germany
• 2011–2015 Convention Center of Mons, Belgium

Unbuilt[link]

• 'The Spiral' extension to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, was canceled following its failure to attract funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund

Recognition[link]

• Gold medal for Architecture at the National Arts Club (2007)
• RIBA International Award for Wohl Centre at Bar-Ilan University (2006)
• RIBA International Award for the Imperial War Museum North (2004)
• RIBA Award for the London Metropolitan University Graduate Centre (2004)
• Appointed as the first Cultural Ambassador for Architecture by the U.S. Department of State (2004)^[17]
• Honorary member of the Royal Academy of Arts in London, England (2004)
• Man of the Year Award from the Tel Aviv Museum of Art (2004)
• First architect to win the Hiroshima Art Prize, awarded to an artist whose work promotes international understanding and peace (2001)^[18]
• Goethe Medal for cultural contribution by the Goethe Institute (2000)
• Time Magazine Best of 1998 Design Awards for the Felix Nussbaum Haus (1998)
• Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters (1996)
• Venice Biennale First Prize Stone Lion Award for Palmanova Project (1985)
• National Endowment for the Arts Design Arts Grant for Studies in Architecture (1983)
• American Institute of Architects Medal for Highest Scholastic Achievement (1970)
• First recipient of honorary degree of Doctor of Fine Art (DFA) from University of Ulster in recognition of his outstanding services to global architecture and design (2009)^[19]
• In 2003, he received the Leo Baeck Medal for his humanitarian work promoting tolerance and social justice.

Bibliography[link]

• Daniel Libeskind: Countersign (1992) (ISBN 0-8478-1478-5)
• Daniel Libeskind Radix-Matrix (1997) (ISBN 3-7913-1727-X)
• Jewish Museum Berlin (with Helene Binet) (1999) (ISBN 90-5701-252-9)
• Daniel Libeskind (2001) (ISBN 0-7893-0496-1)
• Breaking Ground (2004) (ISBN 1-57322-292-5)
• Counterpoint (2008) (ISBN 1-58093-206-1)

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Daniel Libeskind

• Official Studio Libeskind homepage
• Daniel Libeskind papers, 1968–1992 Research Library at the Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, California
• Libeskind Residences as part of CityLife (Milan) project
• Libeskind Tower as part of CityLife (Milan) project

Sir Run Run Shaw CBE, GBM (born c. November 23, 1907) is a Hong Kong media mogul.

Early life[link]

Sir Run Run Shaw was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China in 1907, the youngest of the six sons of Shanghai textile merchant Shaw Yuh Hsuen (1867–1920).^[2]. There has been no official or formal announcement on the exact day and month of his birth. According to A&C Black published Who's Who 2007, Shaw Run Run was born on 14 October, but his wife Mona Fong declined to confirm this.^[3] In 2007 Run Run's great-nephew said his birthday was November 23, which corresponded with the 14th day of the 10th month of the Chinese calendar.^[1]

He received his education in American-run schools.

Career[link]

At age 19, during his summer holiday, he followed his third elder brother Runme Shaw to Singapore to start a film market and establish the Shaw Organisation. Following that, he developed a deep interest in the movie business. He and his brother founded the South Seas Film studio in 1930, which later became Shaw Studios. In 1967, he launched TVB (Television Broadcasts Ltd.) in Hong Kong, growing it into a multi-billion dollar TV empire ranking today as one of the top five television producers in the world.

Run Run Shaw
Shaw's star on the Avenue of Stars
Chinese	邵逸夫
Transcriptions Mandarin - Wade–Giles Shao I-fu - IPA [ʂɑ̂ʊ îfú] - Yale Romanization Shàu Yìfū Cantonese (Yue) - IPA [ɕìːu jɐ̀t fúː] - Yale Romanization Siuh Yaht Fū

In 2000, through his company, Shaw Brothers (Hong Kong) Limited, he sold his unique library of 760 classic titles to Celestial Pictures Limited. His name is credited even in western movies which he has backed, such as in Blade Runner under the The Ladd Company logo.

Continuing to show perseverance, Shaw Studios entered a new era with Run Run Shaw's majority investment (through his various holding companies) in the US$180 million Hong Kong Movie City project, a 1,100,000 square feet (100,000 m²) studio and production facility in Tseung Kwan O (Hong Kong). The facility features one of the largest, fully air-conditioned and sound and vibration-insulated soundstages in Asia, a full-service colour lab and digital imaging facility, over 20 sound and editing suites, a 400-seat dubbing and screening theatre, executive and production office space, banqueting facilities, and visual effects and animation capabilities. This facility serves as the centre-piece of Shaw Studios and indeed the whole Chinese film industry.^[4]

Personal life[link]

The Run Run Shaw Library at Huangshan University

Over the years, he has donated billions of dollars to charity, schools and hospitals. His name is on many buildings in Hong Kong and China mainland due to his generous donations. The fourth constituent college of the collegiate Chinese University of Hong Kong is also named after Sir Run Run, whose patronage made the establishment of the college possible.^[5]

He donated $100 million Hong Kong Dollars for disaster relief after the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake. American singer/songwriter Is'real Benton recently made a contribution to a charity on behalf of Shaw and his friend the late Freddie Fields.

Sir Run Run is a member of White's in London.

His first wife Wong Mei Chun (黃美珍) died at age 85 in 1987. Shaw Studios stopped filming in the same year. He remarried in Las Vegas in 1997 to Mona Shaw (formerly Fong Yat-wa and deputy chairman of TVB since 2000).^[2]

Shaw's eldest son, Dr. Shaw Vee Meng, is head of the Shaw Foundation in Singapore. He qualified as a barrister at Gray's Inn, London. He has been in the family's movie business and heads a number of academic and charitable organizations.

Shaw's daughter, Violet, lives in Hawaii and is married to former Morgan Stanley Executive Director Paul Loo.

Awards[link]

In 1974, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE). He received a knighthood in 1977 and the Grand Bauhinia Medal (GBM) from the Hong Kong Special Administration government in 1998.

The Shaw Prize[link]

He recently established an international award, the Shaw Prize, for scientists in three areas of research, namely astronomy, mathematics, and life and medical science. The award is up to US$1 million. The press called it the "Nobel Prize of the East". The first prize was awarded in 2004.

Further reading[link]

• 詹幼鵬、藍潮 (1997) (in Chinese). 《邵逸夫傳》. 藍潮傳記作品 (First ed. ed.). HK: 名流出版社. ISBN 962-928-017-5. 

See also[link]

• Asteroid 2899 Runrun Shaw, named after the producer by Chinese astronomers
• Brothers Runje Shaw, Runme Shaw and Runde Shaw
• Cinema of Hong Kong

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Run Run Shaw

• Run Run Shaw at the Internet Movie Database
• TVB (Television Broadcasts Limited)
• Shaw Studios
• Shaw Prize
• Shaw Tower at Cathedral Place (Vancouver, Canada)
• Life of Shaw brothers
• Celestial Pictures Limited
• My Life's Pleasure