- published: 08 Jan 2010
- views: 24220
- author: TourismDunedin
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- Allied Press
- Andersons Bay
- Antipodes
- ANZ Championship
- Aoraki Polytechnic
- Aramoana
- Art museum
- Art school
- Association football
- Auckland
- Auckland Council
- Belleknowes
- Berlin
- Berwick, New Zealand
- Biotechnology
- Book New Zealand
- Branch line
- Brisbane
- Buller District
- Burkes, New Zealand
- Burnside, Otago
- Cable car (railway)
- Caledonian Ground
- Cambridgeshire
- Cantores
- Cape Saunders
- Capping Show
- Capping week
- Cargill's Castle
- Carisbrook
- Category New Zealand
- Celsius
- Central Otago
- Challis, New Zealand
- Charles Kettle
- Chatham Islands
- Christchurch
- Circa
- City Rise
- Clare Curran
- Classic car
- Clutha District
- Colin McCahon
- Collegiate Orchestra
- Columba College
- Company Bay
- Concord, New Zealand
- Cook Islands
- Cormorant
- Cornwall
- Cricket
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- Crime in New Zealand
- Critic (magazine)
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- D-Scene
- Dalmore, New Zealand
- Dave Cull
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- Demonym
- Doris Lusk
- Dunedin
- Dunedin City Council
- Dunedin Hospital
- Dunedin Ice Stadium
- Dunedin North
- Dunedin Sound
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- Dunedin Technical
- Dunedin Thunder
- Dunedin Town Hall
- East Taieri
- Ecotourism
- Edinburgh
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- F*INK
- Fahrenheit
- Fairfield, Otago
- Far North District
- Fashion
- Fiordland
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- Flagstaff, Otago
- Flying Nun Records
- Forbury Park Raceway
- Forbury, New Zealand
- Frances Hodgkins
- Francis Petre
- Free church
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- G. P. Nerli
- Gabriel's Gully
- Gisborne Region
- Glenleith
- Golf
- Gore, New Zealand
- Grahame Sydney
- Grey District
- Gyro (magazine)
- Habitat
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- Hastings District
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- Henley, New Zealand
- Henry Ely Shacklock
- Heritage railway
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- Highlanders (rugby)
- History of Dunedin
- Hocken Library
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- Hyde, New Zealand
- Indie music scene
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- James Cook
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- Janet Frame
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- Kavanagh College
- Kawerau
- Kempthorne Prosser
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- Kitesurfing
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- Knox Church, Dunedin
- Kāti Mamoe
- Lake Mahinerangi
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- Logan Park, Dunedin
- London
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- Media of New Zealand
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- Tainui, New Zealand
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- The Bats
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A Coruña
A Coruña (Galician: [a koˈɾuɲa]) or La Coruña (Spanish: [la koˈɾuɲa]) (still sometimes known as Corunna in English, and archaically as The Groyne) is a city and municipality of Galicia, Spain. It is the second-largest city in the autonomous community and seventeenth overall in the country. The city is the provincial capital of the province of the same name, having also served as political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia from the 16th to the 19th centuries, and as a regional administrative centre between 1833 and 1982, before being replaced by Santiago de Compostela.
A Coruña is a busy port located on a promontory in the entrance of an estuary in a large gulf (the Portus Magnus Artabrorum of the classical geographers) on the Atlantic Ocean. It provides a distribution point for agricultural goods from the region. Although much of the heavy industry is based on the shipyards and metalworks of the neighbouring city of Ferrol, there is an oil refinery in A Coruña itself.
In English, use of the Spanish or Galician forms now predominates. However, the traditional form Corunna can still be found, particularly in reference to the Battle of Corunna in the Peninsular War. Archaically, the city was known as The Groyne, probably from French "La Corogne", although this name could also be as much a geographical description given the city occupies a small peninsula protruding out into the Atlantic. In Spain, currently the only official form of the name is the Galician one, "A Coruña". Nonetheless, the Spanish form, La Coruña, is still widespread, and it is the traditional name in Spanish recommended by the Real Academia Española for texts in Spanish. It is usually used in extra-official documents and in conversations between Spanish-speakers.[citation needed]
wn.com/A_Coruña -
Andersons Bay
Andersons Bay (sometimes spelt in the grammatically correct former form Anderson's Bay, and usually known locally simply as "Andy Bay") is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located in the southeast of the city's urban area, 2.8 kilometres (1.7 mi) southeast of the city's centre.
The suburb of Andersons Bay extends south from the Andersons Bay Inlet, an indentation in the southern shore of the Otago Harbour, and across the isthmus joining the Otago Peninsula to the mainland. Andersons Bay's 2001 population was 2,532.
The suburb's name is also occasionally used for the area extending north along the Southern Endowment, an area of land reclaimed from the harbour which sits close to its western shore - towards the suburb of South Dunedin. This area, which was reclaimed during the mid twentieth century, was the location of the bay for which the suburb is named. The Southern Endowment is largely light industrial land, though it also includes one of the city's prominent sports complexes, The Edgar Centre.
wn.com/Andersons_Bay -
Aoraki Polytechnic
Aoraki Polytechnic is a public NZ Tertiary Education Institution. Aoraki Polytechnic's main campus is based in central Timaru, South Canterbury, South Island, New Zealand. It also has campuses offering a variety of programmes in Ashburton, Oamaru, Christchurch and Dunedin.
Coordinates: 44°23′59″S 171°14′49″E / 44.39972°S 171.24694°E / -44.39972; 171.24694
wn.com/Aoraki_Polytechnic -
Aramoana
Aramoana, also known as "The Spit" to locals, is a small coastal settlement, 27 kilometres north of Dunedin city, in the South Island of New Zealand. The settlement's permanent population in 2001 Census was 261. Supplementing this are seasonal visitors from the city who occupy cribs. The name Aramoana is Maori for "pathway to the sea".
Originally founded by The Otago Harbour Board, established in the 1880s as an ideal pilot station for navigation around the mouth of the Otago Harbour, this area grew into a small farming village. In the 1950s the town became popular as a beach resort and a rural life village due to the construction of a mole, to inhibit the spread of tidal sands into the mouth of the Otago Harbour and was surveyed and amalgamated as a suburb of Port Chalmers borough.
It is the site of New Zealand's deadliest criminal shooting, which occurred on 13 and 14 November 1990.
The settlement is located on a sand dune Spit at the mouth of the Otago Harbour, opposite the end of the Otago Peninsula. The main channel of the harbour is kept clear by the Aramoana mole, an artificial breakwater which extends for 1200 metres from Aramoana. The mole was originally intended to extend another 600 meters into the ocean, however due to tidal patterns and the instability of the construction, no attempt to extend beyond the current length was thought to be possible.
wn.com/Aramoana -
Auckland
The Auckland metropolitan area (
/ˈɔːklənd/, AWK-lənd), in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country with 1,377,200 residents, 31 percent of the country's population. Auckland has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world. In Māori Auckland's names are Tāmaki Makaurau, and the transliterated version of Auckland, Ākarana.
The 2011 Mercer Quality of Living Survey ranked Auckland 3rd equal place in the world on its list, while the Economist's World's Most Livable Cities index of 2011 ranked Auckland in 9th place. In 2010, Auckland was classified as a Beta World City in the World Cities Study Group’s inventory by Loughborough University.
Auckland lies between the Hauraki Gulf of the Pacific Ocean to the east, the low Hunua Ranges to the south-east, the Manukau Harbour to the south-west, and the Waitakere Ranges and smaller ranges to the west and north-west. The central part of the urban area occupies a narrow isthmus between the Manukau Harbour on the Tasman Sea and the Waitemata Harbour on the Pacific Ocean. It is one of the few cities in the world to have harbours on two separate major bodies of water.
wn.com/Auckland -
Auckland Council
The Auckland Council is the council for the Auckland Region in New Zealand. It began operating on 1 November 2010, combining the functions of the existing regional council and the region's seven previous city and district councils into one "super council" or "super city" governed by a mayor, 20 members of the governing body and 148 members of 21 local boards. It is the largest council in Australasia, with a $3 billion annual budget, $29 billion of assets, and approximately 8,000 staff.
The Council was established by a number of Acts of Parliament, and an Auckland Transition Agency, also created by the central government. Both the means by which the Council was established and its structure came under repeated criticism from a broad spectrum during the establishment period.
The initial Council elections in October 2010 returned a mostly centre-left Council with Len Brown as mayor.
The Auckland Council took over the functions of the Auckland Regional Council and the region's seven city and district councils: Auckland City Council, Manukau City Council, Waitakere City Council, North Shore City Council, Papakura District Council, Rodney District Council and most of Franklin District Council.
wn.com/Auckland_Council -
Berlin
Berlin ( /bɜrˈlɪn/; German pronunciation: [bɛɐ̯ˈliːn] (
listen)) is the capital city of Germany and one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.5 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city and is the second most populous city proper and the eighth most populous urban area in the European Union. Located in northeastern Germany, it is the center of the Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, which has 5.9 million residents from over 190 nations. Located in the European Plains, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers and lakes.
First documented in the 13th century, Berlin was the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia (1701–1918), the German Empire (1871–1918), the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and the Third Reich (1933–1945).Berlin in the 1920s was the third largest municipality in the world. After World War II, the city became divided into East Berlin—the capital of East Germany—and West Berlin, a West German exclave surrounded by the Berlin Wall (1961–1989). Following German reunification in 1990, the city regained its status as the capital of Germany, hosting 147 foreign embassies.
wn.com/Berlin -
Berwick, New Zealand
Berwick is a small farming community on the banks of the Waipori River in New Zealand. To the south of Berwick is the Berwick Forest, a large pine plantation.
Berwick is also the location of one of the Otago Youth Adventure Trust's campsites.
It is unclear which Berwick the community is named after, but the leading candidate is Berwick-upon-Tweed in Northumberland.
Coordinates: 45°57′S 170°06′E / 45.95°S 170.1°E / -45.95; 170.1
wn.com/Berwick,_New_Zealand -
Brisbane
Brisbane ( /ˈbrɪzbən/) is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of approximately 2.1 million, and the South East Queensland urban conurbation, centred around Brisbane, encompasses a population of more than 3 million. The Brisbane central business district stands on the original European settlement and is situated inside a bend of the Brisbane River, approximately 23 km (14 mi) from its mouth at Moreton Bay. The metropolitan area extends in all directions along the floodplain of the Brisbane River valley between the bay and the Great Dividing Range. While the metropolitan area is governed by several municipalities, a large portion of central Brisbane is governed by the Brisbane City Council, which is by far Australia's largest Local Government Area by population. The demonym of Brisbane is Brisbanite.
Brisbane is named after the river on which it sits, which, in turn, was named after Scotsman Sir Thomas Brisbane, the Governor of New South Wales from 1821 to 1825. The first European settlement in Queensland was a penal colony at Redcliffe, 28 kilometres (17 mi) north of the Brisbane central business district, in 1824. That settlement was soon abandoned and moved to North Quay in 1825. Free settlers were permitted from 1842. Brisbane was chosen as the capital when Queensland was proclaimed a separate colony from New South Wales in 1859.
wn.com/Brisbane -
Buller District
Buller District, administered by the Buller District Council is an administrative region in the West Coast Region of New Zealand. It covers Westport, Karamea, Reefton and Inangahua Junction. Its land area is 7,953.12 km² (3,070.72 sq mi). The seat of the council is at Westport, where 45% of the district's population lives.
The district has a population of 9,702 at the 2006 census. 3900 live in Westport, 423 in Karamea, 159 in Inangahua Junction and 948 in Reefton.
A county in the area was Buller County, New Zealand.
Coordinates: 41°48′47″S 171°47′35″E / 41.813°S 171.793°E / -41.813; 171.793
wn.com/Buller_District -
Burkes, New Zealand
Ravensbourne is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located on the steep southeastern slopes of Signal Hill above the Otago Harbour. It lies on the harbour's northern shore, 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) east-northeast of the city centre. Ravensbourne's 2001 population was 1,269.
Rail and road links between central Dunedin and Port Chalmers run through Ravensbourne on the narrow strip of land between the hill slopes and harbour. A cycleway also links the suburb with the main part of the city, which lies to the west on the far side of a bluff partly occupied by the Logan Point Quarry. One of the older harbourside suburbs, it has a distinct identity from the rest of the city's inner suburbs.
The suburb is mainly residential, but is dominated by two large industrial plants, the Logan Point Quarry and the Ravensdown Fertiliser factory, which is located at the harbour's edge at the southern end of the suburb. The Forsyth Barr Stadium at University Plaza is under construction to the south of Ravensbourne, close to the entrance to the quarry. Construction of this stadium will see alterations to the route between the suburb and central Dunedin.
wn.com/Burkes,_New_Zealand -
Burnside, Otago
Burnside is a mainly industrial suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located at the mouth of a long valley, the Kaikorai Valley, through which flows the Kaikorai Stream. This valley stretches to the northeast for 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi). Burnside is 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi) to the southwest of the city centre, close to eastern end of the much larger suburb, Green Island. Other suburbs located nearby include Concord, immediately to the southeast and Kenmure further up Kaikorai Valley.
Burnside is separated from the central urban area of Dunedin by the large ridge which surrounds the city's heart. This ridge is part of the crater wall of the long-extinct Dunedin Volcano. The ridge lies immediately to the east of Burnside, with the main pass over it, the saddle of Lookout Point, lying 0.8 kilometres (0.50 mi) to the east.
Kempthorne Prosser's Burnside Chemical Works that made fertilisers from Sulphuric acid opened in 1880 and were the first of its kind in the colony. It closed in the early 1960s and was sold to Dominion Fertiliser before being demolished. Burnside is the site of the former Burnside Freezing Works, the first works of its kind in New Zealand. This large complex has its origin in a plant opened in 1881, and an abattoir continued to operate at this site until the late 1980s. There are plans to turn the site into an industrial city. Another landmark former industry in the area was the Burnside Cement Factory, which also operated until the 1980s.
wn.com/Burnside,_Otago -
Caledonian Ground
The Caledonian Ground, often simply known as "The Caley", is a major sports venue in the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is primarily used for soccer and athletics, and has a capacity of 7,500.
The Caledonian Ground is currently sited at the northern end of Logan Park in Dunedin North, close to Logan Park High School and close to the University of Otago and Otago Polytechnic. Other major sports venues are located nearby, including the University Oval and the Forsyth Barr Stadium at University Plaza, the latter of which is currently under construction. The ground is nestled at the very edge of the floodplain of the Water of Leith, against the foothills of Signal Hill, on land which was reclaimed in the early part of the twentieth century from the waters of Pelichet Bay. The tiny Opoho Creek, a tributary of the Leith, lies to the immediate east of the ground.
The venue is often referred to by Dunedinities as the New Caledonian Ground, an indication that the ground has not long been at its current site. Until 2000 the Caledonian Ground was located in the heart of South Dunedin, at the corner of Hillside Road and Andersons Bay Road, some five kilometres to the south. The ground's former site is now largely occupied by the car park of one of the city's main shopping centres. All that remains of the former ground is a gymnasium and a bowling club. The gymnasium is a World War II war memorial.
wn.com/Caledonian_Ground -
Cape Saunders
Cape Saunders is a prominent headland on the Pacific Ocean coast of the Otago Peninsula in New Zealand's South Island. It is home to the Cape Saunders Lighthouse.
The Cape was named by Captain James Cook in 1770, in honour of Sir Charles Saunders, under whom Cook had served in Canada.
Coordinates: 45°52′25″S 170°44′05″E / 45.873547°S 170.734706°E / -45.873547; 170.734706
wn.com/Cape_Saunders -
Cargill's Castle
The ruins of Cargill's Castle stand on a promontory overlooking the Pacific Ocean in New Zealand's southern city of Dunedin. It is one of only four castles in New Zealand, the others being nearby Larnach Castle, Firth's Castle in Mt Eden, Auckland and Merkleworth in Takapuna, Auckland. More a castle in name than in fact, this mansion was built for Edward Cargill, eighth child of city founder William Cargill, in the late 19th century, who called it The Cliffs. Designed by the architect Francis Petre, and built by Harry Lyders at a cost of £14,000, it was completed in 1877. The building was gutted by a fire in 1892, Cargill restored the castle but was unable to meet the cost of replacing all the wooden furnishings, though he did add a ballroom. The castle had several owners after Cargill's death in 1903, and was opened as a restaurant and cabaret in the 1930s by John Hutton, which became popular with visiting servicemen during World War II. Plans have been made on several occasions to restore the building to its former glory, but none have yet borne fruit. The castle now lies in ruins, a shell of what it once was. There is no public access to the site.
wn.com/Cargill's_Castle -
Challis, New Zealand
"The Cove, New Zealand" redirects here. For other things called "The Cove", see Cove (disambiguation)
Challis is a settlement on the Otago Harbour coast of Otago Peninsula, within the city limits of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. Though officially regarded as a suburb, the isolated nature of Challis means that most locals regard it as a separate settlement within the city limits (as is also the case with many similar settlements on the Otago Peninsula).
Challis is located close to the shore at the foot of steeply sloping hills and cliffsides 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the east of Dunedin city centre on the winding Portobello Road, which runs along the northern shore of the peninsula. Challis is connected by this road to the suburb of Vauxhall 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) to the west, and with Macandrew Bay, 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) to the northwest.
The smaller settlement of The Cove lies immediately to the east, between Challis and Vauxhall.
Coordinates: 45°52′47″S 170°33′40″E / 45.87972°S 170.56111°E / -45.87972; 170.56111
wn.com/Challis,_New_Zealand -
City Rise
City Rise is an inner suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. One of the city's older suburbs, it is, as its name suggests, centred on the slopes which lie close to the city centre, particularly those closest to the city's original heart of The Exchange (for this reason, places are said to be on the City Rise rather that in City Rise). Extensive views across the central city can be gained from much of City Rise.
The name City Rise is generally applied to the area immediately to the west of Princes Street, especially to the approximately triangular area of one square kilometre bounded by Princes Street and the city's Town Belt, with Maitland Street and Stuart Street lying at the edge of the area. Other notable streets on the City Rise include High Street, Rattray Street, Stafford Street, Arthur Street, Canongate, and Serpentine Avenue. The name City Rise is sometime used to cover a wider area extending further to the north along the inner edge of the town belt from Stuart Street and Moana Pool as far as the stately house Olveston and to the top of Pitt Street.
wn.com/City_Rise -
Concord, New Zealand
Burnside is a mainly industrial suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located at the mouth of a long valley, the Kaikorai Valley, through which flows the Kaikorai Stream. This valley stretches to the northeast for 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi). Burnside is 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi) to the southwest of the city centre, close to eastern end of the much larger suburb, Green Island. Other suburbs located nearby include Concord, immediately to the southeast and Kenmure further up Kaikorai Valley.
Burnside is separated from the central urban area of Dunedin by the large ridge which surrounds the city's heart. This ridge is part of the crater wall of the long-extinct Dunedin Volcano. The ridge lies immediately to the east of Burnside, with the main pass over it, the saddle of Lookout Point, lying 0.8 kilometres (0.50 mi) to the east.
Kempthorne Prosser's Burnside Chemical Works that made fertilisers from Sulphuric acid opened in 1880 and were the first of its kind in the colony. It closed in the early 1960s and was sold to Dominion Fertiliser before being demolished. Burnside is the site of the former Burnside Freezing Works, the first works of its kind in New Zealand. This large complex has its origin in a plant opened in 1881, and an abattoir continued to operate at this site until the late 1980s. There are plans to turn the site into an industrial city. Another landmark former industry in the area was the Burnside Cement Factory, which also operated until the 1980s.
wn.com/Concord,_New_Zealand -
Cook Islands
The Cook Islands (
i/ˈkʊk ˈaɪləndz/; Cook Islands Māori: Kūki 'Āirani) is a self-governing parliamentary democracy in the South Pacific Ocean in free association with New Zealand. The 15 small islands have a total land area of 240 square kilometres (92.7 sq mi), but the Cook Islands Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers 1,800,000 square kilometres (690,000 sq mi) of ocean.
The main population centres are on the island of Rarotonga (14,153 in 2006), where there is an international airport. There is a much larger population of Cook Islanders in New Zealand, particularly the North Island. In the 2006 census, 58,008 self-identified as being of ethnic Cook Island Māori descent.
With about 100,000 visitors travelling to the islands in the 2010-11 financial year,tourism is the country's main industry, and the leading element of the economy, far ahead of offshore banking, pearls, and marine and fruit exports.
Defence and foreign affairs are the responsibility of New Zealand, in consultation with the Cook Islands. In recent times, the Cook Islands have adopted an increasingly independent foreign policy. Although Cook Islanders are citizens of New Zealand, they have the status of Cook Islands nationals, which is not given to other New Zealand citizens.
wn.com/Cook_Islands -
Cornwall
Cornwall ( /ˈkɔrnwɔːl/ or /ˈkɔrnwəl/;Cornish: Kernow [ˈkɛrnɔʊ]; Latin: Cornubia or Cornuvia) is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England, within the United Kingdom. It is bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by the county of Devon, over the River Tamar. Cornwall has a population of 537,400 and covers an area of 3,563 km2 (1,376 sq mi). The administrative centre and only city is Truro.
The area now known as Cornwall was first inhabited in the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods. It continued to be occupied by Neolithic and then Bronze Age peoples, and later (in the Iron Age) by Brythons with distinctive cultural relations to neighbouring Wales and Brittany. There is little evidence that Roman rule was effective west of Exeter and few Roman remains have been found. Cornwall was a division of the Dumnonii tribe—whose tribal centre was in the modern county of Devon—known as the Cornovii, separated from Wales after the Battle of Deorham, often coming into conflict with the expanding English kingdom of Wessex before King Athelstan in AD 936 set the boundary between English and Cornish at the Tamar. From the early Middle Ages, British language and culture was apparently shared by Brythons trading across both sides of the Channel, evidenced by the corresponding high medieval Breton kingdoms of Domnonee and Cornouaille and the Celtic Christianity common to both territories.
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Dalmore, New Zealand
Pine Hill is a suburb, hill, and general area of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is sited on the hill of the same name, a spur of Mount Cargill overlooking North East Valley and Glenleith 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the north of the city centre. This spur lies in the fork of the confluence of the Water of Leith and its largest tributary, the Lindsay Creek. The term Pine Hill is used generally to refer to a group of suburbs which lie on the hill's slopes: Pine Hill suburb itself, which sits on the upper slopes of the spur, and also two other suburbs which lie on the lower slopes, Dalmore and Liberton. The combined population of these suburbs in 2001 was 2,259.
Of the suburbs on Pine Hill, Dalmore is the oldest and also the southernmost, lying close to The Gardens, a suburb and shopping precinct at the mouth of North East Valley close to the Dunedin Botanic Gardens for which it is named. Dalmore lies on the steep slopes immediately to the northwest of The Gardens and north of the northern end of George Street, arguably the city's main street. The suburb is connected with Dunedin's CBD by way of two streets - the narrow and winding Gladstone Road, and the Pine Hill Extension. This latter route forms the lower part of Pine Hill Road and also part of State Highway 1. This winds up the steep flanks of Dalmore above the valley of the Water of Leith before a tricky junction which connects the extension with the upper part of Pine Hill Road and the Dunedin Northern Motorway.
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Dunedin Ice Stadium
The Dunedin Ice Stadium is an ice rink in Saint Kilda, Dunedin, New Zealand.
The rink was constructed in 2004 inside the structure of the former Dunedin Stadium, which had been used for netball and basketball but had been largely superseded by The Edgar Centre as a venue for these sports. The Dunedin Ice Stadium houses both the international sized 'Corinne Gilkison' ice hockey rink and the 'Caversham Trust' curling rink. The stadium has seating for up to 1,850 people. The facility is used for ice hockey, curling, figure skating and public ice skating, and is the home venue of the Dunedin Thunder ice hockey team.
The Dunedin Ice Stadium is owned by Dunedin Ice Sports Inc. which is organised by the Dunedin Ice Hockey Association, Dunedin Ice Skating Club and Dunedin Curling Club.
The stadium was host to the 2009 IIHF World Championship Division III in April 2009, and the 2009 World Senior Curling Championships, later the same month.
Coordinates: 45°54′28″S 170°30′17″E / 45.907689°S 170.504733°E / -45.907689; 170.504733
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Dunedin North
Dunedin North, also known as North Dunedin, is a major inner suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin, located 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) to the northeast of the city centre. It contains many of the city's major institutions, including the city's university, polytechnic, main hospital, and largest museum. Dunedin North's 2001 population, including the University area, was 7,047.
Dunedin North is located immediately to the north and northeast of the city's CBD. The suburb of Woodhaugh lies immediately to the northwest, and Dalmore and the Gardens Corner lie to the north. It is centred on a widening of the inner city plain around the lower reaches of the Water of Leith, and on land reclaimed from the Otago Harbour, including the former Pelichet Bay. The suburb is not entirely flat, however; a spur of Signal Hill extends across the plain to the south of the Dunedin Botanic Gardens, rising into the small peak of Tani Hill immediately to the northeast of the University of Otago. The hill's name, not officially recognised and nowadays rarely used, is a corruption of "Botanic Hill", and dates from the time when the Dunedin Botanic Gardens were located on the site now occupied by the university. Two university halls of residence, Arana College and Studholme College, sit close to the peak of Tani Hill.
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Dunedin Town Hall
The Dunedin Town Hall is a municipal building in the city of Dunedin in New Zealand. It is located in the heart of the city extending from The Octagon, the central plaza, to Moray Place through a whole city block. It is the seat of the Dunedin City Council, providing its formal meeting chamber, as well as a large auditorium and a conference centre. The oldest part of the building has been called the only substantial Victorian town hall still in existence in New Zealand. It isn't but it may be the most substantial Victorian municipal building still in use in the country for its original purpose.
The name is ambiguous. The structure was built in two major stages with a fifty-year gap between. The first stage, built in the 19th century, is a block of offices. This was popularly called the “Dunedin Town Hall” even though it had no auditorium. The second stage, built in the early 20th century, had not one but two auditoriums; this whole new addition was then officially designated the “Dunedin Town Hall”, and the pre-existing office block became the “Municipal Chambers”. The term “Dunedin Town Hall” now came to be used in its official sense but also specifically for the main auditorium by itself and frequently too for the whole extended building. In the 1980s the official name for the second stage additions was changed to “The Dunedin Centre” but few people know exactly what that refers to. This article is about the whole building.
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Edinburgh
Edinburgh (i/ˈɛdɪnbʌrə/ ED-in-burr-ə; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann) is the capital city of Scotland and the seat of the Scottish Parliament. It is the second largest city in Scotland and the seventh most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council governs one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a 30 square miles (78 km2) rural area. Located in the south-east of Scotland, Edinburgh lies on the east coast of the Central Belt, along the Firth of Forth, near the North Sea.
The city was one of the historical major centres of the Enlightenment, led by the University of Edinburgh, helping to earn it the nickname Athens of the North. The Old Town and New Town districts of Edinburgh were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995 in recognition of the unique character of the Medieval Old Town and the planned Georgian New Town. It covers both the Old and New Towns together with the Dean Village and the Calton Hill areas. There are over 4,500 listed buildings within the city. In May 2010, it had a total of 40 conservation areas covering 23% of the building stock and 23% of the population, the highest such ratios of any major city in the UK. In the 2011 mid-year population estimates, Edinburgh had a total resident population of 495,360.
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England
Englandi/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
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Fairfield, Otago
The quiet suburb of Fairfield lies 10 kilometres to the west of Dunedin CBD, in Otago, southern New Zealand.
Fairfield lies in rolling hill country between Abbotsford and the Taieri Plains, close to the slopes of Saddle Hill and Scroggs Hill. The name Fairfield was originally given as a descriptive name by early European settler William Martin to his farm property, located close to where the town now stands.
Until 2000, Fairfield was situated on State Highway 1, but the construction of a ten kilometre stretch of the Dunedin Southern Motorway (the southernmost motorway in the world) between Caversham and Mosgiel at that time created the Fairfield bypass. Fairfield has a (2001) population of 2010.
The local primary school is Fairfield School.
Coordinates: 45°54′S 170°24′E / 45.9°S 170.4°E / -45.9; 170.4
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Far North District
The Far North District of New Zealand, as its name suggests, is the northernmost district within New Zealand, consisting of the northern tip of the North Island. The current mayor is Wayne Brown.
This is the largest of three territorial authorities making up the Northland region. The district stretches from the capes and bays at the northern tip of the Aupouri Peninsula past Ninety Mile Beach to the main body of the North Auckland Peninsula, where it encompasses both the Bay of Islands and Hokianga.
It borders on the Kaipara and Whangarei Districts, which are the other two territorial authorities in the Northland Region.
Northernmost town in the district is Kaitaia. There is a cluster of towns on the east coast around the Bay of Islands, (Kerikeri, Paihia, Russell, Opua, Kawakawa and Moerewa), the town of Kaikohe centrally situated to the west of them, and a cluster of small settlements on the west coast surrounding the Hokianga Harbour (Omapere, Opononi, Rawene, Panguru, Kohukohu, and Horeke).
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Fiordland
Fiordland is a geographic region of New Zealand that is situated on the south-western corner of the South Island, comprising the western-most third of Southland. Most of Fiordland is dominated by the steep sides of the snow-capped Southern Alps, deep lakes and its ocean-flooded, steep western valleys. Indeed, the name "Fiordland" comes from a variant spelling of the Scandinavian word for this type of steep valley, "fjord".
Fiordland features a number of fiords (often misnamed sounds), of which Milford Sound is the most famous, though Doubtful Sound is even larger and has more, and longer, branches (but is also less accessible). Situated within Fiordland are Browne Falls and Sutherland Falls, which rank among the tallest waterfalls in the world and New Zealand's three deepest lakes, Lake Hauroko, Lake Manapouri, and Lake Te Anau. This part of New Zealand has a very wet climate, receiving 6,300mm of rainfall per year.[citation needed]
Fiordland has never had any significant permanent population. Even the Maori only visited temporarily for hunting, fishing and to collect the precious stone Pounamu (New Zealand jade) from Anita Bay and the mouth of Milford Sound.
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Flagstaff, Otago
Flagstaff, known in Māori as Te Whanaupaki, is a prominent hill overlooking the northwest of the city of Dunedin, in New Zealand's South Island. Together with Mount Cargill, which lies to its northeast, it dominates the skyline of the city. Flagstaff lies seven kilometres to the north of Dunedin's city centre.
The hill was known by the Māori as Whakari, and an anglicised form of this name is still used for the Dunedin suburb of Wakari, which lies to the south of Flagstaff. The first European name for the hill was Mount Kettle, after an early surveyor, Charles Kettle. The city's first road route to the Taieri Plains, which lie to the west, skirted the slopes of Flagstaff, and is still used as an alternative route out of the city.
Flagstaff rises to a height of 666 metres, and is part of the rim of the Dunedin Volcano, a long-extinct volcano of which the crater forms the Otago Harbour. The Pineapple Track, part of Dunedin's Skyline Walkway, crosses the peak of Flagstaff. This track, though not an arduous walk, needs to be treated with care, as the weather around Flagstaff can be extremely unpredictable.
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Forbury Park Raceway
Forbury Park Raceway is a horseracing venue in the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located close to the Pacific Ocean coast in the suburb of Saint Kilda.
The raceway was initially developed in 1870 on an area of reclaimed swamp, with a one mile track leased to the Dunedin Jockey Club. The site was used for both galloping and saddle trotting events until 1898, at which time the Dunedin Jockey Club moved to a new venue at Wingatui, near Mosgiel.
Light harness racing began at Forbury in 1909, at about which time the track was reduced to approximately 1100 yards (1000 metres). The installation of floodlights in 1960 saw the advent of night trotting. The venue is currently used for both harness racing and greyhound racing, as well as for other large-scale outdoor events. It is one of the country's main trotting venues.
Coordinates: 45°54′26.72″S 170°29′47.30″E / 45.9074222°S 170.496472°E / -45.9074222; 170.496472
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Gabriel's Gully
Gabriel's Gully is a locality in Otago, New Zealand, three kilometres from Lawrence township and close to the Tuapeka River.
The discovery of gold at Gabriel's Gully by Gabriel Read in May 1861 led to the Central Otago goldrush. While gold had been found in the Otago before, this rush was beyond expectation, with the population of the gold field rising from almost nothing to around 11,500 within a year, twice that of Dunedin at the time. It also stimulated oversea interest in the new colony.
Coordinates: 45°52′54″S 169°40′47″E / 45.881763°S 169.679632°E / -45.881763; 169.679632
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Gisborne Region
The Gisborne Region (Māori: 'Tai Rāwhiti') is an area of northeastern New Zealand governed by the Gisborne District Council, a unitary authority. Its largest settlement, the city also named Gisborne, is located at the northern end of Poverty Bay on the east coast.
Gisborne is named for an early Colonial Secretary William Gisborne. The council is located in the city of Gisborne.
The region is located in the northeastern corner of the North Island and is also referred to as the East Cape or East Coast or Eastland region. It is a sparsely inhabited and isolated region, with small settlements mainly clinging to small bays along the eastern shore including Tokomaru Bay and Tolaga Bay. The population of the region is 46,600 (June 2011 estimate), with almost three quarters of those living in the city of Gisborne. No other settlement has a population of over 1000. The largest other settlements are the towns of Tolaga Bay and Ruatoria, each with populations of over 800 in 2001.
Inland, the land is rough, predominantly forested, hill country. Te Urewera National Park is located in the west of the region, and the Kaingaroa Forest is located further west of that. A spine of rough ridges dominates the centre of the region, culminating in the impressive bulk of the 1620 metre Mount Hikurangi in Waiapu Valley in the region's northeast. This mountain is the fifth highest mountain in the North Island, and the highest that is not a volcano. Regarded as sacred by the Māori, there is some justification to the claims that this is the first mountain to see the sun in summer.
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Glenleith
Leith Valley is a suburb, valley, and general area of the New Zealand city of Dunedin, located to the northwest of the city centre. To differentiate the name of the valley from that of the suburb, the former is usually referred to as the Leith Valley, the latter simply as Leith Valley.
As its name suggests, it is the valley of the Water of Leith a 14-kilometre (8.7 mi) long stream which flows from the slopes of Mount Cargill south through the northern suburbs of Dunedin. The valley starts close to a saddle, Pigeon Flat, between it and the valley of the Waitati River, which is crossed by the Dunedin Northern Motorway. The motorway follows the flank of Mount Cargill's spur Pine Hill, which forms the northern boundary of the valley. The southern boundary is formed by Maori Hill, the northernmost part of a long ridge which forms a crescent around central Dunedin, culminating at Lookout Point in the city's southwest.
The valley starts steeply in bush-clad countryside, before widening into a narrow flood plain occupied by the start of Dunedin's suburban area. The valley widens, and is hemmed in by steep slopes and occasional cliff faces before joining the northern end of the wide plain which is the location of Dunedin's CBD some 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the coast. At its mouth, the valley is some 400 metres (1,300 ft) in width.
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Gore, New Zealand
Gore is a town, surrounding borough, and district in the Southland region of the South Island of New Zealand.
The Gore District has a land area of 1,251.62 km² (483.25 sq mi) and a resident population of 12,300 (June 2011 estimate).
The town of Gore is 64 kilometres northeast of Invercargill and 70 km west of Balclutha—Dunedin and Invercargill are the nearest cities. The urban area estimated resident population at the June 2011 estimate was 9,750, the second largest in Southland. Gore is a service town for the surrounding farm communities.
It is divided by the Mataura River into Gore and East Gore, the majority of the town being situated on the western banks of the river. The Main South Line railway from Dunedin to Invercargill runs through the town, though passenger services ceased in 2003. Gore was once a busy railway junction; the Waimea Plains Railway ran west to connect with the Kingston Branch in Lumsden, while the Waikaka Branch connected with the Main South Line nearby in McNab. One of New Zealand's most famous preserved trains is the Kingston Flyer, which takes its name from a passenger express that once ran between Kingston and Gore.
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Grey District
Grey District Council in the West Coast region of New Zealand is a municipality that covers Greymouth, Runanga, Blackball, Cobden and settlements along the Grey River. It has a land area of 3,516.48 km² (1,357.72 sq mi). The seat of the council is at Greymouth, where 27% of the district's population live.
The district has a population of 13,221 at the 2006 census, of whom 8% are Maori. Of the total population, 3600 live in Greymouth, 1221 in Runanga, 1707 in Cobden and 330 in Blackball.[citation needed] With around 95% of its inhabitants being of European descent (2001 Census), the Grey District has a very homogenous ethnic composition. Forty per cent of the population had no educational qualifications in 2001, compared with around 27% in New Zealand as a whole.
There are 619 km of road in the district, of which 358 km are sealed (2000s data).
Greymouth has an historic World War II gun emplacement at Cobden. The council destroyed part of this site, without consultation, in 2007 to make way for a sewer line
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Hauraki District
The Hauraki District Council is a municipality in the Waikato Region of New Zealand. The seat of the council is at Paeroa.
The area covered by the district extends from the southwest corner of the Firth of Thames southeast towards Te Aroha, although that town lies beyond its boundaries. It extends eastwards to the Bay of Plenty coast, taking in the southernmost part of the Coromandel Peninsula. The rest of the peninsula is part of the Thames-Coromandel district.
Features of the district include the Karangahake Gorge, Whiritoa, the Hauraki Plains, and the gold mining town of Waihi. The town of Ngatea is also in the district.
The district covers 1144 km², and has a population of 17,193 (2006 census), of whom 3975 live in Paeroa and 4500 live in Waihi.
The current Mayor is John Tregidga and Deputy Mayor is Bruce Gordon.
Coordinates: 37°22′S 175°37′E / 37.37°S 175.62°E / -37.37; 175.62
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Hocken Library
The Hocken Library (also known by its Southern Māori name of Te Uare Taoka o Hākena) is a research library, historical archive and art gallery based in the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is a library collection of national significance administered by the University of Otago.
The library's specialist areas include items relating to the history of New Zealand and the Pacific, with specific emphasis on the Otago and Southland Regions. Open to the general public, the library is one of the country's most important historical research facilities.
The library is the result of the philanthropy of avid collector Dr. Thomas Hocken, who donated his private collection to the university in trust for the New Zealand public. Hocken had offered his collection to public use in 1897, but it was not until 1910 that it became generally accessible in a wing of the Otago Museum. Hocken was too ill to attend the official opening on 23 March 1910 (the 62nd anniversary of the founding of Dunedin), and died just two months later.
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Horowhenua District
Horowhenua is a district on the west coast of the North Island of New Zealand. It forms part of the Manawatu-Wanganui Region.
Located north of Wellington and Kapiti, the district stretches from slightly north of the town of Otaki in the south to just south of Himatangi in the north, and from the coast to the summit of the Tararua Ranges.
The main town and seat of the district council is Levin, and other towns in the district include Foxton, Shannon, and Tokomaru. The population of the district is 30,600 (June 2011 estimate).
Much of the area was once an extensive wetland and the centre of a substantial flax industry. It has been progressively drained and converted to productive but flood-prone farmland, with a mixture of loam and peat based soils. Some parts of the wetland, particularly those around Lake Horowhenua are being returned to their former state as a conservation area, with the help of local Māori.
Foxton is of historical note as the main town in Manawatu in the early years of European colonisation, and the centre of a large flax industry. Horticulture and dairying are now the main forms of primary industry in the district, and secondary industries in Horowhenua include manufacturing (especially clothing manufacture) and food processing.
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Hurunui District
The Hurunui District is a political district on the east coast of New Zealand's South Island, north of Christchurch, New Zealand. It forms part of the Canterbury region and stretches from the east coast to the main divide. Its land area is 8,660.43 square kilometres (3,343.81 sq mi).
The district had a usually-resident population of 10,476 as of the 2006 census. It also shares with the Waitaki District with the distinction of having the least number of non-European populations anywhere in New Zealand in both raw numbers and proportion, with over 95% of population recorded in the 2006 census as "European" or "New Zealanders" (which could be interpreted as mostly European according to antedocal evidence). Local populations could even recognise the identities of every local Maori or Asian recorded in the census.
The current district mayor is Winton Dalley, who was elected in 2010 upon the retirement of previous mayor Gary Jackson.
Coordinates: 43°9′7″S 172°43′44″E / 43.15194°S 172.72889°E / -43.15194; 172.72889
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Hyde, New Zealand
Hyde is a locality in Otago, New Zealand, located in the Strath-Taieri. It is close to the northern end of the Rock and Pillar Range on State Highway 87 between Middlemarch and Ranfurly.
Hyde is best known as the site of the Hyde railway disaster of 4 June 1943, in which 21 people were killed when an express train on the Otago Central Railway derailed at high speed in a cutting near the town. At the time, it was the worst railway accident in New Zealand's history; it has only been passed by the Tangiwai disaster of 24 December 1953, which claimed the lives of 151 people. The site of the Hyde disaster can now be walked as part of the Otago Central Rail Trail and a monument, a 2.5 m high cairn, stands as a memorial to the victims.
Hyde was originally a gold mining boom town of the 1860s Otago gold rush. It is now experiencing a re-birth as a stop of for cyclists on the Otago cycling trail. The only road other than the state highway is named after one of the gold mining towns first resident's Micheal Prendergast hence Prendergast Road.
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Invercargill
Invercargill (Māori: 'Waihōpai') is the southernmost and westernmost city in New Zealand, and one of the southernmost cities in the world. It is the commercial centre of the Southland region. It lies in the heart of the wide expanse of the Southland Plains on the Oreti or New River some 18 km north of Bluff, which is the southernmost town in the South Island. It sits amid rich farmland that is bordered by large areas of conservation land and marine reserves, including Fiordland National Park covering the south-west corner of the South Island.
Many streets in the city, especially in the centre and main shopping district, are named after rivers in Great Britain, mainly Scotland. These include the main streets Dee and Tay, as well as those named after the Tyne, Esk, Don, Thames, Mersey, Ness, Yarrow, Spey, and Eye rivers.
The estimated population of Invercargill City as of 2011 was 53,000. The 2006 census total was 50,328 people, an increase of 498 people (or 1.0 percent) since the 2001 census.
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Kaikorai Stream
The Kaikorai Stream is a short river which runs through Otago, in New Zealand's South Island. The entirety of its length is within the city of Dunedin.
The stream's headwaters are close to the city's main reservoir at Mount Grand, immediately above Fraser's Gully. The stream flows southeast through Fraser's Gully, a popular recreation reserve clad in native bush, during which part of its course it is known as Fraser's Stream. In the suburb of Kaikorai it turns southwest, flowing from here down the wide Kaikorai Valley through the suburbs of Bradford and Kenmure before turning west and flowing through Burnside and Green Island.
Below Green Island, the stream again resumes a southwestward course, reaching the Pacific Ocean at Waldronville, where its outflow is a lagoon, the Kaikorai Lagoon. The lagoon is part of a research project aimed at establishing a national estuarine monitoring protocol.It is inhabited by black swans, and spoonbills are also sometimes observed.
Though only a short stream some 18 kilometres (11 mi) in length, it has been important to the industrial history of Dunedin. Many local industries have used power from the stream, most notably the Roslyn Woollen Mills in Kaikorai.
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Kaikorai Valley
Kaikorai Valley is a long broad valley which runs through the west of the New Zealand city of Dunedin, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the west of the city centre. It is the valley of a small stream, the Kaikorai Stream,which runs from northeast to southwest down the length of the valley.
The valley provides a route into central Dunedin (Kaikorai Valley Road) which avoids the steep climb and descent over Lookout Point into Caversham, instead allowing for a gradual climb to the top of Stuart Street, Dunedin before a steep drop into the heart of the city. The valley contains several suburbs, largely isolated from the city centre by the ridge which forms the valley's eastern edge. This ridge was part of the crater wall of the long-extinct Dunedin Volcano.
The valley is largely occupied by light industrial and wholesale businesses. Much of the land to the west of the valley is semi-rural; the eastern wall contains residential properties.
The valley is home to three distinct suburbs: Kaikorai, Bradford, and Kenmure, while a fourth suburb, Burnside, lies at the valley's mouth, close to the junction of Kaikorai Valley Road and the Dunedin Southern Motorway, part of State Highway 1.
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Kaikoura District
Kaikoura (/kaɪˈkɔrə/ky-KOR-ə; Māori pronunciation: [kai.kɔʉ.ɾa]) is a town on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand. It is located on State Highway 1 180 km north of Christchurch.
Kaikoura became the first local authority to reach the Green Globe tourism certification standard.
According to the 2006 census, the permanent resident population is 2,172, a 3.3% increase since the 2001 census. The town is the governmental seat of the territorial authority of the Kaikoura District, which is politically a part of the Canterbury Region. The District has a land area of 2,046.41 km² (790.12 sq mi) and a 2006 census population of 3,621 inhabitants.
The Kaikoura Peninsula extends into the sea south of the town, and the resulting upwelling currents bring an abundance of marine life from the depths of the nearby Hikurangi Trench. The town owes its origin to this effect, since it developed as a centre for the whaling industry. The name 'Kaikoura' translates to 'meal of crayfish' ('kai'- food/meal, 'koura' - crayfish) and the crayfish industry still plays a role in the economy of the region. However Kaikoura has now become a popular tourist destination, mainly for whale watching (the Sperm Whale watching is perhaps the best and most developed in the world) and swimming with or near dolphins. There is also a large and readily observed colony of Southern Fur Seals at the eastern edge of the town. At low tide, better viewing of the seals can be had as the ocean gives way to a rocky base which is easily navigable by foot for quite some distance.
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Kaipara District
The Kaipara District is located in the Northland Region in northern New Zealand.
Kaipara District is located in the low hills around the northern shores of the Kaipara Harbour, a large natural harbour open to the Tasman Sea. Kaipara District Council shares management of the harbour with various other organisations, most notably Auckland Council to the south of the harbour.
The roughly triangular district stretches from a thinning of the North Auckland Peninsula south of Maungaturoto in the southeast to the Waipoua Forest in the northwest, extending from there down the west coast to the Kaipara Harbour. The region is bisected by the Wairoa River and its tributaries, which flow into the northern end of the Kaipara Harbour.
The district consists of the towns of Dargaville, Ruawai, Paparoa, Maungaturoto, Kaiwaka and Mangawhai, as well as the rural area which surrounds them. It has a population of 19,150 (June 2011 estimate), of whom about 4450 live in Dargaville, the seat of the district council.
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Karitane
The seaside settlement of Karitane is located within the limits of the city of Dunedin in New Zealand, 35 kilometres to the north of the city centre.
Set in rolling country near the mouth of the Waikouaiti River, the town is a popular holiday retreat for Dunedinites.
Close to the settlement is the site of Huriawa Pā, which was a major fortification in pre-European New Zealand set in a strong position on a rocky promontory above the coast.
To many New Zealanders,[citation needed] the name Karitane is inextricably linked with pioneering paediatrician and psychiatrist Sir Truby King, founder of the Plunket Society. Karitane's name is echoed in many New Zealand child-related services and products:
Truby King also worked at nearby Seacliff Lunatic Asylum.
The site of the present settlement of Karitane includes that of the pre-European Māori kaik, or undefended village. It also encompasses Huriawa on the adjacent peninsula, a Pa or fortified village, recalled in oral tradition for sieges in the late 17th or early 18th centuries. It is also the site of the whaling station set up by Long, Wright and Richards in 1837. That was known as Waikouaiti, but the name later became transferred to the present township of that name established by Johnny Jones as a farming settlement in 1840, on the north side of the estuary.
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Kawerau
Kawerau is a town in the Bay of Plenty region of the North Island of New Zealand. The town is situated 100 km south-east of Tauranga and 58 km east of Rotorua. It is the seat of, and the sole town in, the Kawerau District Council.
Kawerau is a small community, with the main industry being the nearby Norske Skog Tasman pulp and paper mill. It is located along State Highway 34 southwest of Onepu, and is the terminus of the East Coast Main Trunk Railway and the commencing point of the Murupara Branch railway. Kawerau was also one of the worst-affected towns in the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake.
Kawerau is one of the youngest towns in New Zealand. It was founded in 1953 as a mill town for the new Tasman pulp and paper mill. The site for the mill was chosen because of the ready availability of geothermal energy, water from the Tarawera River and the large supply of pine timber from the nearby Kaingaroa forest. Unlike most other towns of its size, Kawerau was carefully planned before construction. The town was built with an impressive number of facilities, to accommodate a multinational specialist workforce. The mill continues to drive the local economy and greatly influences the fortunes of the town. The town's population peaked in the early 1980s (8718 in the 1981 census) but has declined significantly since then due to the restructuring of the mill and associated industries.
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Kenmure
Kaikorai Valley is a long broad valley which runs through the west of the New Zealand city of Dunedin, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the west of the city centre. It is the valley of a small stream, the Kaikorai Stream,which runs from northeast to southwest down the length of the valley.
The valley provides a route into central Dunedin (Kaikorai Valley Road) which avoids the steep climb and descent over Lookout Point into Caversham, instead allowing for a gradual climb to the top of Stuart Street, Dunedin before a steep drop into the heart of the city. The valley contains several suburbs, largely isolated from the city centre by the ridge which forms the valley's eastern edge. This ridge was part of the crater wall of the long-extinct Dunedin Volcano.
The valley is largely occupied by light industrial and wholesale businesses. Much of the land to the west of the valley is semi-rural; the eastern wall contains residential properties.
The valley is home to three distinct suburbs: Kaikorai, Bradford, and Kenmure, while a fourth suburb, Burnside, lies at the valley's mouth, close to the junction of Kaikorai Valley Road and the Dunedin Southern Motorway, part of State Highway 1.
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Knox Church, Dunedin
Knox Church is a notable building in Dunedin, New Zealand. It houses the city's second Presbyterian congregation and is the city's largest church of any denomination. Situated close to the university at the northern end of the CBD on George Street it is visible from much of the central city.
It was designed by Robert Lawson in the 13th century Gothic style and construction began in 1872. It is the second building for the congregation. The first, completed in 1860, was the second Presbyterian church in the settlement. It was a large wooden structure sited in Great King Street, close to the University of Otago Faculty of Dentistry building. Though this was only ever intended to be a short-term home for the Knox congregation the onset of the Central Otago Gold Rush intensified the need for a larger, permanent structure.
Church officials held a competition which was won by Lawson. His plans, however, would have exceeded the church's £5,000 budget and the deacons fell back on a design by David Ross. Because he insisted on employing an inspector of works who "could be bought at any time with a pot of beer", Ross's contract was annulled within two months. The church authorities approached Lawson again and he took over the project. (Ross successfully sued but was awarded a mere £2 in damages.).
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Larnach Castle
Larnach Castle (also referred to as "Larnach's Castle"), is an imposing mansion on the ridge of the Otago Peninsula within the limits of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand, close to the small settlement of Pukehiki. It is one of a few houses of this scale in New Zealand.
The house and its grounds are regularly open to the public.
The Larnach Castle gardens are one of only five gardens nationwide to have been given the rating of "Garden of International Significance" by the New Zealand Gardens Trust. They were the first gardens in the South Island to be given this award; the only other in the South Island with this ranking is also in Dunedin - Dunedin Botanic Gardens.
The house was built between 1871 and 1887 as the residence of William Larnach, a prominent entrepreneur and politician in colonial New Zealand. The first architect was R.A. Lawson, who was also responsible for many other buildings in Dunedin. The resulting complex eventually contained 43 rooms and a ballroom and required a staff of 46 servants. The ballroom was built as a 21st birthday present for Larnach's favourite daughter Kate in 1887.
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Leith Valley
Leith Valley is a suburb, valley, and general area of the New Zealand city of Dunedin, located to the northwest of the city centre. To differentiate the name of the valley from that of the suburb, the former is usually referred to as the Leith Valley, the latter simply as Leith Valley.
As its name suggests, it is the valley of the Water of Leith a 14-kilometre (8.7 mi) long stream which flows from the slopes of Mount Cargill south through the northern suburbs of Dunedin. The valley starts close to a saddle, Pigeon Flat, between it and the valley of the Waitati River, which is crossed by the Dunedin Northern Motorway. The motorway follows the flank of Mount Cargill's spur Pine Hill, which forms the northern boundary of the valley. The southern boundary is formed by Maori Hill, the northernmost part of a long ridge which forms a crescent around central Dunedin, culminating at Lookout Point in the city's southwest.
The valley starts steeply in bush-clad countryside, before widening into a narrow flood plain occupied by the start of Dunedin's suburban area. The valley widens, and is hemmed in by steep slopes and occasional cliff faces before joining the northern end of the wide plain which is the location of Dunedin's CBD some 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the coast. At its mouth, the valley is some 400 metres (1,300 ft) in width.
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Logan Park, Dunedin
Logan Park is a sporting venue in the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. It lies on land reclaimed from the former Lake Logan.
Lake Logan was reclaimed in the early 20th century. Originally an inlet of the Otago Harbour called Pelichet Bay, it frequently silted up, especially after a causeway was built to allow for the South Island Main Trunk Railway between Dunedin and Port Chalmers.
Reclamation began in 1913 and continued after World War I. The reclaimed land was turned into a park and was used as the site of the 1925 New Zealand and South Seas Exhibition. For many years the Dunedin Public Art Gallery stood in one of the buildings constructed for that exhibition. Shortly after the exhibition the reclaimed land was converted into playing fields and now goes by the name of Logan Park. Its location close to the city's two tertiary institutions (Otago Polytechnic, and the University of Otago, especially the Dunedin College of Education) and one of the city's larger high schools (Logan Park High School) makes it an important and heavily used venue.
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London
Londoni/ˈlʌndən/ is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium. London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence. It is the world's leading financial centre alongside New York City and has the fifth-largest city GDP in the world (and the largest in Europe). London has been described as a world cultural capital. It was the world's most visited city during 2011 and London Heathrow is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers. London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education in Europe. In 2012 London will become the first city to host the modern Summer Olympic Games three times.
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Macandrew Bay
Macandrew Bay is located on the Otago Peninsula in the South Island of New Zealand. It is situated on the edge of Otago Harbour, and is named for pioneer settler James Macandrew who lived here during his later life. Early residents of the area called the bay "The Hundreds", due to the large number of boulders which covered the foreshore.
Macandrew Bay is a suburb of Dunedin, but has the feel of an isolated coastal settlement and is often regarded as a separate township, even though the heart of the city is visible 10 kilometres away at the head of the harbour. It is both a commuter and a harbourside retreat from the city. Macandrew Bay's 2001 population was 1131.
The settlement centres on an area around the junction of Portobello Road and Greenacres Street, the latter a narrow road which rises steeply towards the interior of the Peninsula. Greenacres Street roughly follows the valley of the small Rodgers Creek. The community hall lies on the lower part of Greenacres Street close to its junction with Portobello Road, and the settlement's few shops lie immediately to the southwest of the junction. Behind these shops lie the community's primary school and cemetery, the latter of which includes the grave of James Macandrew.
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Manawatu District
The Manawatu District is a district in the Manawatu-Wanganui Region in the North Island of New Zealand.
"The Manawatu", as it is usually called, is located in the southwest of the island, close to the river which shares its name. Located north of Wellington, the district stretches from slightly north of the settlement of Himatangi in the south to just south of Mangaweka in the north, and from the Rangitikei River to the summit of the Tararua Ranges. The southern boundary follows the Manawatu River, and the district excludes the area around the city of Palmerston North (including Ashhurst). The district has an area of 2,624 km².
The population of the district is 30,000 (June 2011 estimate). The main town and seat of the district council is Feilding, which has a population of 14,600. Towns in the district include Halcombe, Himatangi, Bainesse, Bunnythorpe, Waituna West, Kimbolton, Apiti, Rangiwahia, Longburn, Rongotea, Pohangina, Tangimoana, Himatangi Beach and Sanson.
Secondary
Intermediate
Primary
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Maori Hill
Maori Hill is a residential suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located at the northern end of the ridge which runs in a crescent around the central city's western edge, 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the northwest of the city centre, immediately above and within the Town Belt. It is connected to Dunedin North, which lies to the east, via Drivers Road, the suburbs of Roslyn and Kaikorai to the southwest via Highgate, and the suburb of Wakari to the northwest via Balmacewen Road. Maori Hill's 2001 population was 1,956.
In the northeast of the suburb lies the recreational ground of Prospect Park, and this part of Maori Hill is also often known by this name. From Prospect Park, views across the lower Leith Valley can be obtained, as the park sits close to the edge of cliffs which rise above the broad canyon at Woodhaugh. A steep walking track, the Bullock Track, links the two suburbs.
Maori Hill is regarded as one of the city's wealthier and more exclusive suburbs, and contains many fine houses, especially in the maze of winding streets which run through the bush-clad slopes of the Town Belt. Unlike neighbouring hill suburbs like Roslyn, Maori Hill was not served by a cable car, possibly underlying its greater degree of exclusivity.
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Masterton
Masterton (Maori: Te Oreore) is a large town and local government district in the Wellington Region of New Zealand. It is the largest town in the Wairarapa, a region separated from Wellington by the Rimutaka ranges. It is 100 kilometres north-east of Wellington, 28 kilometres south of Eketahuna, on the Ruamahanga River.
Masterton is a thriving community with an urban population of 20,200, and district population of 23,500 (June 2011 estimates).
The Wairarapa Line railway allows many residents easy access to work in the cities of Wellington, Lower Hutt and Upper Hutt.
Local industries involve service industries for the surrounding farming community. Industrial development is growing in Masterton, with three new industrial parks being developed in Waingawa, Solway and Upper Plain. The town is the headquarters of the annual Golden Shears sheep-shearing competition.
Despite the fact that Masterton is a town, not a city, it is still home to many suburbs. These include:
Named after pioneer Joseph Masters, Masterton was first settled by Europeans on 21 May 1854. It gained borough status in 1877. It did not quite qualify to be a city by 1989 when the minimum population requirement for that status was lifted from 20,000 to 50,000.
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Melbourne
Melbourne ([ˈmelbən, -bn̩, ˈmæl-],rhotically /ˈmɛlbərn/) is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2010, the greater geographical area had an approximate population of four million. Inhabitants of Melbourne are called Melburnians or Melbournians.
The metropolis is located on the large natural bay known as Port Phillip, with the city centre positioned at the estuary of the Yarra River (at the northernmost point of the bay). The metropolitan area then extends south from the city centre, along the eastern and western shorelines of Port Phillip, and expands into the hinterland. The city centre is situated in the municipality known as the City of Melbourne, and the metropolitan area consists of a further 30 municipalities.
Melbourne was founded in 1835 (47 years after the European settlement of Australia) by settlers from Launceston in Van Diemen's Land. It was named by governor Richard Bourke in 1837, in honour of the British Prime Minister of the day, William Lamb—the 2nd Viscount Melbourne. Melbourne was officially declared a city by Queen Victoria in 1847. In 1851, it became the capital city of the newly created colony of Victoria. During the Victorian gold rush of the 1850s, it was transformed into one of the world's largest and wealthiest cities. After the federation of Australia in 1901, it then served as the interim seat of government of the newly created nation of Australia until 1927.
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Moana Pool
Moana Pool is the largest swimming pool in the southern half of New Zealand's South Island. It is located at the corner of Littlebourne Road and Upper Stuart Street close to Otago Boys' High School, on the slopes of Roslyn, overlooking the centre of the city of Dunedin.
The largest of Dunedin's four public pools, Moana Pool was built in the early 1960s on the site of the old Moana Tennis Club. Its name (the Māori word for "sea") is thus only coincidentally related to the pool's facilities. It was opened on 14 November 1964.
Costing 450,000 pounds, the pool was a replacement for the 1914 tepid pools in Lower Moray Place, which were seen as being inadequate for the city's modern needs. The new pool was designed by architect Bill Hesson and Ian Ballantyne of the Dunedin City Council engineers department.
The main pool is of Olympic dimensions (50m by 17.5m), and is kept heated to 28.5 degrees celsius. It can be divided by a moveable bulkhead into two 25m pools. The Moana Pool complex was expanded in 2000-2001, and now includes a leisure and wave complex, two waterslides, a learner's pool (completed in 1965), a lap pool, and Olympic standard diving facilities.
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Momona
Momona is a small town in New Zealand's South Island. It is located in the centre of the fertile floodplain of the Taieri River (the Taieri Plains).
Momona is within the limits of Dunedin City, although the city centre is 22 kilometres to the east. Momona is the location of Dunedin International Airport.
Not to be confused with Momona Road, of Auckland New Zealand
Coordinates: 45°55′S 170°13′E / 45.917°S 170.217°E / -45.917; 170.217
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Moray Place, Dunedin
Moray Place is an octagonal street which surrounds the city centre of Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand. The street is intersected by Stuart Street (to the east and west), Princes Street (to the south) and George Street (to the north). Like many streets in Dunedin, it is named for a street in the Scottish capital Edinburgh (Dunedin itself is the Gaelic name of its Scottish sister city).
The northeastern quadrant between George Street and Lower Stuart Street is flat, but the other three quadrants slope considerably, especially the southeastern and northwestern quadrants.
Many of Dunedin's major inner city buildings are located on Moray Place. These include Dunedin Municipal Chambers, Dunedin Public Library, and the grounds of St. Paul's Anglican Cathedral, which lie within the northwestern quadrant between Moray Place and the City Centre (The Octagon).
The southwestern quadrant includes the former Dunedin Public Library building (the Carnegie Centre), the Fortune Theatre, and one of the city's main cinemas. This quadrant is regarded as part of the heart of Dunedin's art district, and contains several galleries, one of which is housed in the city's original synagogue.
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Mornington, Otago
Mornington is a suburb of the city of Dunedin, in the South Island of New Zealand. It is situated on hilly slopes 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the west of the city centre, the slopes forming part of a ridge which surrounds the heart of the city.
At the time of the 2006 census, the permanent population was 3,393, a decrease of 15 since 2001.
The use of the name Mornington for the area was first recorded in 1862. There seems to be some conjecture about the origin of the name - some sources record it as being purely descriptive, with the suburb receiving the first rays of the sunrise. There is some likelihood, however, that it was named by early landholder David Mailer after Mornington, Victoria. Mornington was a separate borough until amalgamation with Dunedin city in 1916
Mornington's main streets are Mailer Street, Elgin Road, Glenpark Avenue, Eglinton Road, and Kenmure Road. It is a mainly residential suburb, with a retail area on Mailer Street. The suburb is surrounded by the suburbs of Kenmure to the west, Roslyn to the north, Maryhill to the southwest, Belleknowes to the northeast, and The Glen - divided roughly between Mornington and Caversham in the southeast.
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Mosgiel
Mosgiel ( /ˈmɒzɡiːl/) is an urban satellite of Dunedin in Otago, New Zealand, fifteen kilometres west of the city's centre. Since the re-organisation of New Zealand local government in 1989 it has been inside the Dunedin City Council area, but was physically separate from the contiguous suburbs until developments in the neighbouring suburb of Fairfield joined it to the city. Mosgiel has a population of approximately 10,000.
Mosgiel stands at the north-eastern extremity of the Taieri Plains. The Silver Stream, a tributary of the Taieri River, runs through its north end. The town celebrates its location, calling itself "The pearl of the plain". Its low-lying nature does pose problems, making it prone to flooding after heavy rains.
The place takes its name from Mossgiel in Ayrshire, the farm of the poet Robert Burns, the uncle of the co-founder in 1848 of the Otago settlement, the Reverend Thomas Burns.
Between Mosgiel and the centre of Dunedin stand the rugged Three Mile Hill and Scroggs Hill, which form part of the crater-wall of a long-extinct volcano, the crater being the Otago Harbour. To the south of the town lies one of the many peaks that formed part of the volcano: Saddle Hill, a prominent landmark, visible from a considerable distance and notable for its distinctive shape, lies east of State Highway One where Kinmont Park, a new housing subdivision is located at the foot of the hill.
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Mount Cargill
Mount Cargill', known in Māori as Kapukataumahaka, is a 680 metre high volcanic outcrop which dominates the skyline of northern Dunedin, New Zealand. It is situated some 15 kilometres north of the city centre.
The peak is named for Captain William Cargill, an early leader of the Province of Otago. It is one of the youngest parts of the massive extinct Dunedin shield volcano and was formed some 10 million years ago.
From the summit, views can be obtained of the entire Dunedin urban area, as well as a considerable stretch of open countryside and much of Otago's coastline, from Shag Point near Palmerston to Nugget Point in The Catlins. Particularly notable is the view of the Otago Peninsula and Otago Harbour, the entire length of which can be seen from the summit.
To the northeast of Mount Cargill's peak are several smaller peaks including Mount Zion, Mount Holmes and (most notably) Buttar's Peak.
Māori legend tells of the mountain showing the profile of a prominent warrior, and indeed from Dunedin Buttar's Peak and Mount Cargill between them do form the outline of a reclining figure, with Buttar's Peak being the head and Mount Cargill the body.
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Mt Mera
North East Valley (sometimes spelt Northeast Valley, and often abbreviated to NEV) is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin.
North East Valley sits in the valley of the Lindsay Creek, a tributary of the Water of Leith and on the flanking slopes of Pine Hill and Signal Hill, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the northeast of the city centre.
North East Valley is a residential suburb, and is home to a mix of older residents and students from the city's tertiary institutions (the University of Otago and Otago Polytechnic, which lie 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the south, beyond the Dunedin Botanic Gardens. The suburb mainly consists of one long street, North Road, and numerous largely parallel side roads which branch off it, many of which - especially on the eastern (Signal Hill) side - are notoriously steep. One of these, Baldwin Street, is reputedly the world's steepest street. Other than North Road, the suburb's main roads include Blacks Road and Norwood Street.
North East Valley was a separate borough until 1910, when it was amalgamated with the city of Dunedin.
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Nelson, New Zealand
Nelson is a city on the eastern shores of Tasman Bay, and is the economic and cultural centre of the Nelson-Tasman region. Established in 1841, it is the second oldest settled city in New Zealand and the oldest in the South Island.
Nelson received its name in honour of the Admiral Horatio Nelson who defeated both the French and Spanish fleets at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Many of the roads and public areas around the city are named after people and ships associated with that battle and Trafalgar Street is the main shopping axis of the city. Inhabitants of Nelson are referred to as Nelsonians.
Together with the town of Richmond, the Nelson Urban Area has a population of around 60,000 ranking it as New Zealand’s 9th most populous city and the geographical centre of New Zealand.
Nelson is well known for its arts and crafts, and each year hosts popular events such as the Nelson Arts Festival. The annual Wearable Art Awards began near Nelson and a museum, World of Wearable Art, is now housed close to Nelson Airport showcasing winning designs.
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New Zealand
New Zealand (Māori: Aotearoa) is an island country located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses ‒ that of the North and South Islands ‒ as well as numerous smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres (900 mi) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans.
During its long isolation, New Zealand developed a distinctive biodiversity of both animal and plant life. Most notable are the large number of unique bird species, many of which became extinct after the arrival of humans and introduced mammals. With a mild maritime climate, the land was mostly covered in forest. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions caused by the Pacific and Indo-Australian Plates clashing beneath the earth's surface.
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Niue
Niue ( /ˈnjuːeɪ/ NEW-ay; Niuean: Niuē) is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean. It is commonly known as the "Rock of Polynesia", and inhabitants of the island call it "the Rock" for short. Niue is 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi) northeast of New Zealand in a triangle between Tonga to the southwest, the Samoas to the northwest, and the Cook Islands to the southeast. The land area is 260 square kilometres (100 sq mi) with about 1,400 people who are predominantly Polynesian.
Though self-governing, Niue is in free association with New Zealand, and lacks full sovereignty. All Niueans are New Zealand citizens and Queen Elizabeth II is Niue's head of state in her capacity as Queen of New Zealand. Most diplomatic relations are conducted by New Zealand on Niue's behalf. 90-95% of Niuean people live in New Zealand, along with about 70% of the speakers of the Niuean language.[citation needed]
In 2003, Niue became the world's first "WiFi nation", in which free wireless Internet access is provided throughout the country by The Internet Users Society-Niue.
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Normanby, Otago
North East Valley (sometimes spelt Northeast Valley, and often abbreviated to NEV) is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin.
North East Valley sits in the valley of the Lindsay Creek, a tributary of the Water of Leith and on the flanking slopes of Pine Hill and Signal Hill, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the northeast of the city centre.
North East Valley is a residential suburb, and is home to a mix of older residents and students from the city's tertiary institutions (the University of Otago and Otago Polytechnic, which lie 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the south, beyond the Dunedin Botanic Gardens. The suburb mainly consists of one long street, North Road, and numerous largely parallel side roads which branch off it, many of which - especially on the eastern (Signal Hill) side - are notoriously steep. One of these, Baldwin Street, is reputedly the world's steepest street. Other than North Road, the suburb's main roads include Blacks Road and Norwood Street.
North East Valley was a separate borough until 1910, when it was amalgamated with the city of Dunedin.
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North East Valley
North East Valley (sometimes spelt Northeast Valley, and often abbreviated to NEV) is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin.
North East Valley sits in the valley of the Lindsay Creek, a tributary of the Water of Leith and on the flanking slopes of Pine Hill and Signal Hill, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the northeast of the city centre.
North East Valley is a residential suburb, and is home to a mix of older residents and students from the city's tertiary institutions (the University of Otago and Otago Polytechnic, which lie 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the south, beyond the Dunedin Botanic Gardens. The suburb mainly consists of one long street, North Road, and numerous largely parallel side roads which branch off it, many of which - especially on the eastern (Signal Hill) side - are notoriously steep. One of these, Baldwin Street, is reputedly the world's steepest street. Other than North Road, the suburb's main roads include Blacks Road and Norwood Street.
North East Valley was a separate borough until 1910, when it was amalgamated with the city of Dunedin.
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North Island
The North Island (Māori: Te Ika-a-Māui) is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, separated from the slightly larger but much less populous South Island by Cook Strait. The island is 113,729 square kilometres (43,911 sq mi) in area, making it the world's 14th-largest island. It has a population of 3,366,100 (June 2011 estimate).
Twelve cities are in the North Island: Auckland, New Plymouth, Tauranga, Gisborne, Napier, Hamilton, Hastings, Palmerston North, Rotorua, Wanganui, Whangarei and Wellington, the capital, located at the southern extremity of the island. Approximately 76% of New Zealand's population lives in the North Island.
Although the island has been known as the North Island for many years, the New Zealand Geographic Board has found that, along with the South Island, it has no official name. The board intends to make North Island the island's official name, along with an alternative Māori name. Although several Māori names have been used, Maori Language Commissioner Erima Henare sees Te Ika-a-Māui as the most likely choice.
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Ocean Beach, Otago
Ocean Beach is a long sandy beach which runs along the Pacific Ocean coast of south Dunedin, New Zealand. It stretches for some three kilometres from Saint Clair in the southwest along the coast of Saint Kilda to the foot of Lawyer's Head in the east. The beach is a popular recreation area for Dunedinites for swimming, surfing, and walking.
The beach is divided into three roughly equal lengths, known as Saint Clair Beach, Middle Beach, and Saint Kilda Beach. Access is easiest at the Saint Clair end, with steps and ramps down to the beach from Saint Clair Esplanade. The esplanade is the site of several cafes and restaurants. At its end, also the eastern end of the beach, is the Saint Clair salt-water swimming pool, the city’s oldest pool, opened in 1884. The pool has been upgraded on several occasions, most recently in 2002. A short walking track leads southwest from the pool to Second Beach, a small stony beach sitting at the bottom of the basalt cliffs of Forbury Head.
Saint Clair Beach is a popular surfing venue, as well as having a patrolled swimming area. Shark nets have been deployed one kilometre out from the beach every summer since 1970, making this a safe swimming area. Major surf lifesaving and surfing championships are regularly hosted at Saint Clair Beach. The western end of Saint Clair Beach is marked by a series of old wooden posts, the remains of an old breakwater.
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Olveston (house)
Olveston is a substantial house in an inner suburb of Dunedin, New Zealand.
Built for David Theomin in the Jacobean style to plans prepared by the London architect Sir Ernest George, (1839-1922) the house was fitted with all the latest conveniences: central heating, an internal telephone system, a service lift, a food mixer, and an electric toaster, for example. It has 35 rooms, with a total floor area of 1276 m². Theomin had acquired land on the site in 1881 when there was an existing villa. By 1901 he had bought an adjacent property and in 1904 acquired another. The existing buildings were then removed. The family was in London in 1903 and working drawings from Ernest George & Yeates are dated October 1903.
The building is brick rendered in Moeraki gravel, with Oamaru stone facings and is roofed with Marseilles tiles. The main entrance and some principal rooms face east. A galleried hall rises through the ground and upper floors and served as a ball room. An elevated internal balcony was an eyrie from which to watch the dancing below. The youthful Miss Theomin's personal suite with its own sitting room is delicate and charming. The outlook is principally to the garden and the Town Belt bush providing attractive views and belying the proximity of the central city. The quality of the materials and the standard of the craftsmanship are high. The supervising architects were the Dunedin firm of Mason & Wales and the builder was Robert Meikle. Olveston is not an Arts and Crafts house though something of that aesthetic is apparent. While over-furnished by later standards a lot of the contents are interesting and some are outstanding. The British architectural historian Sir Nikolaus Pevsner visited Olveston in August 1958 and described it as "an extremely interesting and very grand house". He also noted that Ernest George was one of five or six pre-eminent English architects at the time of its commission.
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Opoho
Opoho is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It sits on the western flank of Signal Hill, New Zealand, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the northeast of the city centre, overlooking North East Valley and the Dunedin Botanic Gardens.
Opoho is one of Dunedin's more prestigious residential suburbs however still has somewhat mixed demographics, containing student flats, significant numbers of elderly citizens, and the houses of many in the academic community. There was a former retail area in the southern part of Signal Hill Road, but this has long gone and the area is now largely occupied by student flats. Above the suburb sits the Centennial Lookout, a memorial built on the top of Signal Hill to mark the centenary of New Zealand in 1940. Impressive views over the city can be gained from here.
At the time of the 2006 census, the permanent population was 1,242, a decrease of 18 since 2001.
Opoho takes its name from the small stream, Opoho Creek (also known as Stony Creek). This stream runs south along the western flank of Signal Hill, past Logan Park High School in Dunedin North, before being diverted through culverts and flowing into the Water of Leith close to it outflow into the Otago Harbour. Opoho is a Māori word, simply meaning "The place of Poho", Poho being an 18th-century Ngati Wairua chief who lived close to the stream's outflow, which at that time was into Pelichet Bay (the bay has since been reclaimed and is now part of Logan Park).
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Opotiki
Opotiki is a town in the eastern Bay of Plenty in the North Island of New Zealand. It houses the headquarters of the Opotiki District Council and comes under the Bay of Plenty Regional Council.
(All figures are based on the 2006 census, from Statistics New Zealand)
Iwi based within the district are:
The Opotiki district is bounded on one long side by the eastern half of the Bay of Plenty embayment of the Pacific Ocean and on the other long side by the Raukumara mountain range which rises to 1754 m (5755 ft) at Mt. Hikurangi. The district is predominantly steep hills dissected by fast-flowing rivers, the largest being the Motu. The coastal riverine floodplains (‘flats’) and terraces (‘tablelands’) provide the only flat land. Opotiki township is situated on the largest flat at the conjunction of two of these, the Otara River and the Waioeka River. Sandy beaches, lower hills and larger flats are characteristic of the southwest area of the district; pebbly or rocky beaches and high hills coming right down to the sea are characteristic of the northeast. Current human population is therefore concentrated in the coastal southwest. The district has a land area of 3,104.54 km² (1,198.67 sq mi).
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Otago
Otago ( /ɵˈtɑːɡoʊ/; local pronunciation: [əˈtaːɡɐʉ] ( listen)) is a region of New Zealand in the south of the South Island. The region covers an area of approximately 32,000 square kilometres (12,000 sq mi) making it the country's third largest region. The population of Otago is 209,900 from the June 2011 estimate.
The name "Otago" is an old southern Maori word whose North Island dialect equivalent is "Otakou", introduced to the south by Europeans in the 1840s. The exact meaning of the term is disputed, with common translations being "isolated village" and "place of red earth", the latter referring to the reddish-ochre clay which is common in the area around Dunedin. "Otago" is also the old name of the European settlement on the Otago Harbour, established by the Weller Brothers in 1831. The place later became the focus of the Otago Association, an offshoot of the Free Church of Scotland, notable for its high-minded adoption of the principle that ordinary people, not the landowner, should choose the ministers.
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Otago Museum
The Otago Museum is situated in Dunedin, New Zealand. It was founded in 1868 and has a collection of over two million artefacts and specimens from the fields of natural history and ethnography. It is adjacent to the University of Otago campus in Dunedin North, 1,500 metres northeast of the city centre.
The museum has changed over the years, a 2002 development being the addition of a new display area "Southern land, Southern people", dealing with the prehistory and history of the Otago region, and the refurbishment of galleries devoted to the cultures of Melanesia. The museum has an outstanding Pacific Island collection, Australasia's most significant Classical collection, and the premier ceramic collection in New Zealand. It also houses a large assembly of natural history items. Notable among the latter is material related to New Zealand bird-life, including the world's most extensive collection of Moa remains.
The initial collection consisted of material from the 1865 New Zealand Exhibition (held in Dunedin). The King Street portion of the present building was completed in 1877, and was designed by David Ross (1828-1908). Further wings (the Hocken and Fels) and the centennial, were added in 1910, 1923 and 1963. The museum also houses lecture theatres and an interactive children's display centre ("Discovery World"), as well as a research centre and galleries which regularly host touring exhibitions. The entrance foyer is also home to a shop and cafeteria.
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Otago Peninsula
The Otago Peninsula is a long, hilly indented finger of land that forms the easternmost part of Dunedin, New Zealand. Volcanic in origin, it forms one wall of the eroded valley that now forms Otago Harbour. The peninsula lies south-east of Otago Harbour and runs parallel to the mainland for 20 km, with a maximum width of 9 km. It is joined to the mainland at the south-west end by a narrow isthmus about 1.5 km wide.
The suburbs of Dunedin encroach onto the western end of the peninsula, and seven townships and communities lie along the harbourside shore. The majority of the land is sparsely populated and occupied by steep open pasture. The peninsula is home to many species of wildlife, notably seabirds, pinnipeds, and penguins, and several ecotourism businesses operate in the area.
The peninsula was formed at the same time as the hills that face it across the harbour, as part of a large, long-extinct, volcano. Several of the peninsula's peaks, notably the aptly named Harbour Cone, clearly show these volcanic origins in their form. These rocks were built up between 13 and 10 million years ago.
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Otago Polytechnic
The Otago Polytechnic is a public New Zealand tertiary education institute, centred in Dunedin with campuses throughout the region of Otago including Cromwell, Wanaka and Queenstown.
Otago Polytechnic focuses on skills based, technical education and occupational training, offering a range of New Zealand accredited degrees, diplomas and certificates in many areas of interest.
Otago Polytechnic traces its ancestry back to the Dunedin Technical School, which was established in 1889 to provide evening classes for working people. In 1909 it expanded to offer day classes for secondary school pupils. In 1914 the name was changed to the King Edward Technical College.
In 1921 the college took over the Dunedin School of Art, which had been established in 1870. The college expanded further by taking on the evening and day time education of apprentices, technicians and professionals. In 1966 the college was split into a secondary school (later re-named Logan Park High School) and Otago Polytechnic, which opened on 1 February 1966.
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Otago Region
Otago ( /ɵˈtɑːɡoʊ/; local pronunciation: [əˈtaːɡɐʉ] ( listen)) is a region of New Zealand in the south of the South Island. The region covers an area of approximately 32,000 square kilometres (12,000 sq mi) making it the country's third largest region. The population of Otago is 209,900 from the June 2011 estimate.
The name "Otago" is an old southern Maori word whose North Island dialect equivalent is "Otakou", introduced to the south by Europeans in the 1840s. The exact meaning of the term is disputed, with common translations being "isolated village" and "place of red earth", the latter referring to the reddish-ochre clay which is common in the area around Dunedin. "Otago" is also the old name of the European settlement on the Otago Harbour, established by the Weller Brothers in 1831. The place later became the focus of the Otago Association, an offshoot of the Free Church of Scotland, notable for its high-minded adoption of the principle that ordinary people, not the landowner, should choose the ministers.
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Otakou
The settlement of Otakou lies within the boundaries of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. It is located 25 kilometres from the city centre at the eastern end of Otago Peninsula, close to the entrance of Otago Harbour.
Though a small fishing village, Otakou is important in the history of Otago for several reasons. The name 'Otakou' is thought to come from Māori words meaning either "single village" or "place of red earth". Its original name was 'Otago' but European officials who had learned Māori in the North Island, visiting in the 1840s changed it to 'Otakou', believing that to be the correct form. In fact it isn't and 'Otago' is the correct southern Māori dialect word, as the earliest European records and the oldest Māori traditions both attest. But the myth is very much alive. Many people still believe that 'Otago' is a European corruption of 'Otakou'.
In its original form 'Otago' it was the name of the channel off Wellers Rock but was transferred to the lower harbour as a whole, the port, the nearby Māori settlements and the Weller brothers' whaling establishment - one of the region's oldest European settlements, having been founded in 1831. It was as the name of these it was converted to 'Otakou', which form is still used to refer to them today. The old Māori names for the Māori settlements were Te Ruatitiko, Tahakopa, Omate and Ohinetu.
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Otaru
Otaru (小樽市, Otaru-shi?) is a city and port in Shiribeshi, Hokkaido, Japan, northwest of Sapporo. The city faces the Ishikari Bay, and has long served as the main port of the bay. With its many historical buildings, Otaru is a popular tourist destination. Because it is a 25-minute drive from Sapporo, it has recently grown as a bedroom community.
As of July 31, 2011, the city has an estimated population of 131,706 with 67,308 households and a population density of 541.71 persons per km². The total area is 243.13 km². Although it is the largest city in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, the subprefecture's capital is the more centrally-located Kutchan).
Otaru is a port town on the coast of the Sea of Japan in northern Shiribeshi Subprefecture. The southern portion of the city is characterized by the steep slopes of various mountains, notably Tenguyama; and the altitude of the land sharply drops from the mountains to the sea. The land available between the coast and mountains has been almost completely developed, and the developed part of the city on the mountain slopes is called Saka-no-machi, or "Hill town", including hills named Funamizaka (Boat-view Hill) and Jigokuzaka (Hell Hill).
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Outram, New Zealand
Outram is a rural suburb of Dunedin, New Zealand, with a population of 642 (2006 Census). It is located 28 kilometres west of the central city at the edge of the Taieri Plains, close to the foot of Maungatua. The Taieri River flows close to the southeast of the town. Outram lies on State Highway 87 between Mosgiel and Middlemarch.
The original town was formed at a river crossing (ferry then bridge) on a route to the Central Otago goldfields. The village was moved following a flood in the late 19th century and relocated to its current location. It was the first town in New Zealand to have electric street lights and still has the towns library. From 1877 until 1953, Outram was served by a branch line railway that connected with the Main South Line. This line was known as the Outram Branch and it had a relatively unremarkable career. Closure came as a result of an almost total absence of traffic caused by the development of road transport during the first half of the 20th century, and today, few remnants of the line are visible.
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Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.
At 165.2 million square kilometres (64.1 million square miles) in area, this largest division of the World Ocean – and, in turn, the hydrosphere – covers about 46% of the Earth's water surface and about one-third of its total surface area, making it larger than all of the Earth's land area combined. The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galápagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific. The Mariana Trench in the western North Pacific is the deepest point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,911 metres (35,797 ft).
The eastern Pacific Ocean was first sighted by Europeans early in the 16th century. Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and named it Mar del Sur (South Sea). The ocean's current name was given by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan during the Spanish expedition of world circumnavigation in 1521, who encountered favourable winds as he reached the ocean and called it Mar Pacifico in Portuguese, meaning "peaceful sea".
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Palmerston North
Palmerston North (Māori: Te Papaioea) is the main city of the Manawatu-Wanganui region of the North Island of New Zealand. It is an inland city with a population of 82,400 (June 2011 estimate) and is the country's seventh largest city and eighth largest urban area. Palmerston North is located in the eastern Manawatu Plains near the north bank of the Manawatu River. The city covers an area of 325.94 square kilometres (126 sq mi) and one million people live within a two-hour drive (200 km/120 mile radius). It is about 140 km (87 mi) north of the capital, Wellington. The city is 35 km (22 mi) from the river's mouth and 12 km (7 mi) from the end of the Manawatu Gorge.
The official limits of the city take in rural areas to the south and north-east of the main urban area, extending to the Tararua Ranges and including the town of Ashhurst at the mouth of the Manawatu Gorge. This is a rich and fertile agricultural area.
Land Area : 325.94 square kilometres (80,540 acres)
Area In Public Reserves : 5.54 square kilometres (1,369 acres)
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Porirua
Porirua is a city in the Wellington Region of New Zealand, immediately north of the city of Wellington, with their central business districts 20 km apart. A large proportion of the population commutes to Wellington, so it may be considered a satellite city. It almost completely surrounds Porirua Harbour at the southern end of the Kapiti Coast. The eastern (Pauatahanui) inlet of the harbour is notable for its world-class estuarine values. The population at the June 2011 estimate was 52,500.
The name "Porirua" is of Māori origin. It is possibly a variant of "Pari-rua" ("two tides"), a reference to the two arms of the Porirua Harbour. The name was given in the 19th century to a land registration district that stretched from Kaiwharawhara (or Kaiwarra) on the north-west shore of Wellington Harbour northwards to and around Porirua Harbour. The road climbing the hill from Kaiwharawhara towards Ngaio and Khandallah is still called Old Porirua Road.
In the 19th century a small European settlement grew up, partly because of the need for a ferry across the harbour. At the time a small Māori settlement already existed.
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Port Chalmers
Port Chalmers is a suburb and the main port of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand, with a population of 3,000. Port Chalmers lies ten kilometres inside Otago Harbour, some 15 kilometres northeast from Dunedin's city centre.
Much of Port Chalmers is located on a small hilly peninsula, at the northern end of which is a large reclaimed area which is now the site of Dunedin's container port. Close to the southeastern shore of this peninsula are a pair of islands, which lie across the harbour between Port Chalmers and the Otago Peninsula. These two islands are Quarantine Island/Kamau Taurua and Goat Island. Prior to the local body reorganisation in the 1980s Port Chalmers was made up of several suburbs, as well as the central area, Roseneath, Blanket Bay, Upper Junction, Brick Hill, Sawyers Bay, Mussel Bay, Upper Port Chalmers, Dalkeith, Careys Bay, Reynoldstown, Deborah Bay, Hamilton Bay, Waipuna Bay, Te Ngaru, and Aramoana, as well as the outlying townships of Long Beach, Purakanui and several other smaller nearby villages and farmsteads.
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Portsmouth, Virginia
Portsmouth is located in the Hampton Roads metropolitan area of the U.S. Commonwealth of Virginia. As of 2010, the city had a total population of 95,535.
The Norfolk Naval Shipyard, often called the Norfolk Navy Yard, is a historic and active U.S. Navy facility that is actually located in Portsmouth rather than Norfolk; the name "Norfolk" was adopted to avoid confusion with Portsmouth, New Hampshire, where a naval shipyard already existed when the Virginia facility opened. The shipyard builds, remodels, and repairs the Navy's ships of all types.
Directly opposite Norfolk, the city of Portsmouth also has miles of waterfront land on the Elizabeth River as part of the harbor of Hampton Roads. There is a ferry boat that takes riders back and forth across the water between Downtown Norfolk and Olde Towne Portsmouth.
Portsmouth is located on the western side of the Elizabeth River directly across from the City of Norfolk. In 1620, the future site of Portsmouth was recognized as suitable shipbuilding location by John Wood, a shipbuilder, who petitioned King James I of England for a land grant. The surrounding area was soon settled as a plantation community.
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Rangitikei District
The Rangitikei District is a Territorial Authority located primarily in the Manawatu-Whanganui Region in the North Island of New Zealand, although a small part, the town of Ngamatea (13.63% by land area), of it lies in the Hawke's Bay Region. It is located in the southwest of the island, and follows the catchment area of the Rangitikei River.
Located north of Wellington, the district stretches from the South Taranaki Bight toward the North Island Volcanic Plateau, forming a trapezium-shaped block that includes the towns of Taihape, Bulls, Marton, Hunterville, and Mangaweka. The district has an area of 4538 km².
The population of the district was 14,712 at the 2006 census. The main town and seat of the district council is Marton, which had a population of 4,680 at the 2006 census.
The Whangaehu River partly runs through the northern extremity of the district. Its upper reaches were the scene of the Tangiwai disaster in 1953, New Zealand's worst rail disaster, in which 151 people lost their lives.
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Rhode Island
Rhode Island (i/ˌroʊd ˈaɪlɨnd/ or /rɵˈdaɪlɨnd/), officially the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States. Rhode Island is the smallest in area, the 8th least populous, but the 2nd most densely populated of the 50 United States. Rhode Island is bordered by Connecticut to the west and Massachusetts to the north and east, and it shares a water boundary with New York's Long Island to the southwest.
Rhode Island was the first of the 13 original colonies to declare independence from British rule, declaring itself independent on May 4, 1776, two months before any other state in the whole U.S. and the convention. The state was also the last to ratify the United States Constitution.
Rhode Island's official nickname is "The Ocean State", a reference to the state's geography, since Rhode Island has several large bays and inlets that amount to about 14% of its total area. Its land area is 1,045 square miles (2706 km2), but its total area is significantly larger.
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Roslyn, Otago
Roslyn is a major residential and retail suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located 150 metres (490 ft) above the city centre on the ridge which runs in a crescent around the central city's western edge. It is 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) to the northwest of the city centre, immediately above the Town Belt. Roslyn's 2001 population was 3,957.
Roslyn is connected to the city's CBD via Stuart Street and City Road. The former of these runs below Roslyn under the Roslyn Overbridge, and is linked to the suburb via a complex interchange To the west of Roslyn, Stuart Street passes the suburbs of Kaikorai and Wakari before becoming Taieri Road, which eventually traverses Three Mile Hill to reach the Taieri Plains. City Road travels through Belleknowes before linking with Rattray Street and descending the City Rise, reaching the central city at The Exchange. Roslyn is also connected to the suburbs of Mornington to the southwest and Maori Hill to the northeast by way of Highgate, Roslyn's main road.
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Rotorua
Rotorua (from Māori: Te Rotorua-nui-a-Kahumatamomoe, "The second great lake of Kahumatamomoe") is a city on the southern shores of the lake of the same name, in the Bay of Plenty region of the North Island of New Zealand. The city is the seat of the Rotorua District, a territorial authority encompassing the city and several other nearby towns. Rotorua city has an estimated permanent population of 56,200, with the Rotorua district having a total estimated population of 68,900. The city is in the heart of the North Island, just 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of Tauranga, 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Taupo, 105 kilometres (65 mi) east of Hamilton, and 230 kilometres (140 mi) southeast of the nation's most populous city, Auckland.
Rotorua is a major destination for both domestic and international tourists; the tourism industry is by far the largest industry in the district. The city is known for its geothermal activity, and features geysers – notably the Pohutu Geyser at Whakarewarewa – and hot mud pools. This thermal activity is sourced to the Rotorua caldera, on which the city lies. Rotorua is home to the Waiariki Institute of Technology.
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Ruapehu District
Ruapehu District is a territorial authority near the centre of New Zealand's North Island.
It has an area of 6,730.185 square kilometers and a population of 13,569 at the 2006 census (down 18.96% from 1996 census).
The District is landlocked, and contains Mount Ruapehu, Tongariro National Park, and the Raurimu Spiral on the North Island Main Trunk railway line.
The tourist towns of Whakapapa, National Park and Ohakune are also located here.
Waiouru, with an elevation of 815 metres, is in the extreme east of the district and houses the large Waiouru Army Camp.
The infamous Desert Road section of State Highway 1 starts in the district at Waiouru, and it passes Ruapehu, Ngauruhoe and Tongariro before ending at Rangipo.
The crater lake of Mount Ruapehu was the immediate cause of the Tangiwai disaster, with the loss of 151 lives, when the Tangiwai railway bridge across the Whangaehu River collapsed. In 2007 the lake had again filled with water, which was released on Sunday 18 March.
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Sawyers Bay
Sawyers Bay is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the southwest of Port Chalmers in a wide valley on the shore of Mussel Bay, 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) to the northeast of Dunedin city centre.
The bay, an indentation in the northeast coast of Otago Harbour, lies between the two rocky headlands of Port Chalmers in the east and Roseneath in the west. The South Island Main Trunk rail line and State Highway 88 run along the shore of the bay.
The name of the suburb is indicative of the occupation of many of its early settlers; the Sawyers Bay area provided much of the timber used in the early construction industry around both Dunedin and Port Chalmers area. Little remains of Sawyers Bay's early industries; it is now largely a residential suburb.
Sawyers Bay's residential area is situated around one long street which runs inland from the bay itself. This street is called Station Road at its coastal end, and Hall Road further inland. At the coastal end, it connects with State Highway 88, the highway which runs along the west coast of Otago Harbour from Port Chalmers to Dunedin via Saint Leonards and Ravensbourne. Inland from here, roads branch off the main road - the most important of these is Stevenson Avenue, which connects with a back road to Port Chalmers (Borlases Road) in the east, and with Upper Junction Road in the west. Upper Junction Road, the winding old road to Port Chalmers from the Dunedin suburb of North East Valley, rises to join with the old Mount Cargill road, which was itself the former main road north out of Dunedin, linking the city's main urban area at Normanby with Waitati.
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Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba ([ˈalˠ̪apə] listen (help·info))) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland constitutes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. Edinburgh was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third largest city in Scotland, the title of Europe's oil capital.
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Seacliff
Seacliff comprises a beach, an estate and a harbour. It lies 4 miles east of North Berwick, East Lothian, Scotland.
The beach and estate command a strategic position at the mouth of the Firth of Forth, and control of the area has been contested through the ages. The beach and estate were used as a staging post for various raids on nearby Tantallon Castle from the 14th to the 17th century. Troops were also stationed here to prevent landings by the French during the Napoleonic Wars in 1798. Before bloodshed touched the area, the 8th century Christian missionary Saint Baldred was based in nearby Scoughall, and several features of the area have been named after him, such as "Ghegan Rock" (Churchman's Haven).
In quieter times, the ownership of the estate has changed hands on several occasions. Seacliff House was built in 1750 by Robert Colt. It was later bought by George Sligo who in 1841 employed the famous Scottish architect David Bryce to build a new house in baronial style on the core of the older house. However, in 1907 it was gutted by fire. The exterior survives almost complete with gables, turrets and bartizans. The outbuildings were later purchased by the Royal Navy who established a top-secret research base there during World War I. The station, known as HMS Scottish Seacliff, was mainly used for navigation training and U-Boat defence.
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Selwyn District
The Selwyn District is a predominantly rural area in central Canterbury, on the east coast of New Zealand's South Island. It is named after the Selwyn River, which is in turn named after Bishop George Selwyn, the first Anglican bishop of New Zealand who, in 1843 and 1844, travelled the length of the country by horse, foot, boat and canoe, leaving in his wake a sprinkling of locations that now bear his name.
The district is governed by an elected mayor and a council of 10 members, elected simultaneously every 3 years. The last election took place on 13 October 2007.
The mayor is elected on a First Past the Post basis.
The 10 councillors are elected from four wards on a multi-member First Past the Post basis; the total number of votes a candidate receives are considered. 2 councillors are elected from Ellesmere ward, 2 from Malvern, 3 from Selwyn Central, and 3 from Springs.
Malvern and Selwyn Central wards also have Community Boards, which have powers delegated to them by the Council.
The Selwyn District is within the Canterbury region so Canterbury Regional Council has responsibilities for regional planning, and water, air, discharge and river bed resource consents.
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Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the largest city proper by population in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities of the PRC, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010. It is a global city, with influence in commerce, culture, finance, media, fashion, technology, and transport. It is a major financial center and the busiest container port in the world.
Located in the Yangtze River Delta in eastern China, Shanghai sits at the mouth of the Yangtze River in the middle portion of the Chinese coast. The municipality borders Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces to the west, and is bounded to the east by the East China Sea.
Once a fishing and textiles town, Shanghai grew in importance in the 19th century due to European recognition of its favorable port location and economic potential. The city was one of several opened to foreign trade following the British victory over China in the first opium war and the subsequent 1842 Treaty of Nanking which allowed the establishment of the Shanghai International Settlement. The city then flourished as a center of commerce between east and west, and became the undisputed financial hub of the Asia Pacific in the 1930s. However, with the Communist Party takeover of the mainland in 1949, the city's international influence declined. In the 1990s, the economic reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping resulted in an intense re-development of the city, aiding the return of finance and foreign investment to the city.
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Shiel Hill
Shiel Hill is a residential suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located at the southeastern edge of the city's urban area, 3.2 kilometres (2.0 mi) southeast of the city's centre at the western end of the Otago Peninsula, close to the isthmus joining the peninsula to the mainland. As the name suggests, it is situated on the slopes of a hill at the start of the ridge which runs along the spine of the peninsula. The slopes rise to a series of crests generally known collectively as Highcliff, a name also often applied to the last suburban vestiges which remain as Dunedin's urban area becomes the rural land of the peninsula. More accurately, the name is that of a cliff which lies on the Pacific coast of the peninsula 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of Shiel Hill.
The suburb is almost entirely residential, though there are some retail premises on the suburb's main road, Highcliff Road. These include a small nexus of shops at the southwestern edge of Shiel Hill, at the point where the suburb joins the neighbouring suburb of Andersons Bay. At this point, there is a road junction, with the western end of Highciff Road meeting four other roads, notably Silverton Street (which leads down into Andersons Bay and is the main route from Shiel Hill to central Dunedin) and Tomahawk Road (which leads to Dunedin's Pacific coastal suburbs of Tahuna and Ocean Grove).
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Sinclair Wetlands
The Sinclair Wetlands are an internationally renowned wetlands located to the south west of Dunedin, New Zealand, at the southern edge of the Taieri Plains on the western side of Lake Waipori. The protected area covers a little over 3 km².
The wetlands are home to many different species of birds including scaup, swans and many more wetland waterfowl including Fernbird and the rare bittern. A number of birds such as White Herons and spoonbills occasionally frequent the area also.
The wetlands are named for Horace "Horrie" Sinclair, a local farmer who donated land to the wetlands scheme in 1984. An education centre opened in the late 1980s is located at the wetlands. The wetlands contain a small island (Whakaraupuka / Ram Island), which was in ancient times the location of a Maori settlement, Tukiauau Pa.
Coordinates: 45°58′30″S 170°06′21″E / 45.9749°S 170.1057°E / -45.9749; 170.1057
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South Dunedin
South Dunedin is a major inner city suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located, as its name suggests, 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) to the south of the city centre, on part of a large plain known locally simply as "The Flat". The suburb is a mix of industrial, retail, and predominantly lower-quality residential properties. South Dunedin's 2001 population was 2,538.
The term South Dunedin is often used in a more general sense to refer to any or all of the various suburbs occupying The Flat, including St. Kilda, Forbury, Kensington, Musselburgh, and Tahuna.
South Dunedin is a wide area of flat land, much of it reclaimed from the Otago Harbour. This reclaimed area, which lies immediately to the west of the harbour's head, is known as the Southern Endowment, and covers an area of close to 100 hectares (250 acres).
The Southern Endowment was begun with rock removed during the cutting of Bell Hill in the central city during the nineteenth century. This largely extended the area around the wharves close to the heart of the city, but did not extend any further south until 1912, when a causeway was built along the head of the harbour. As part of a Otago Harbour Board scheme to reclaim land for industrial use, dredges started to pump tailings into the area behind the causeway in the 1940s. Reclamation continued for many years, and was not officially completed until the opening of Portsmouth Drive, which runs along the route of the 1912 causeway at the harbour edge, in 1978.
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Southland District
Southland District is a territorial authority in the South Island of New Zealand. Southland District covers the majority of the land area of Southland Region, although the region also covers Gore District, Invercargill City and adjacent territorial waters. It has a land area of 30,400.94 km2, excluding inland waters such as Lake Te Anau, Lake Manapouri, and Lake Hauroko.
Southland District contains the towns of Winton, Riverton, Lumsden and Te Anau, and the islands south of Foveaux Strait:
The seat of the District Council is Invercargill, which, however, is not part of Southland District, but a territorial authority in its own right.
Two of New Zealand's largest national parks are within the boundaries of Southland District: Fiordland National Park, and Rakiura National Park (which covers most of Stewart Island/Rakiura).
The current district mayor is Frana Cardno. She has held this position since 1992. Her deputy is Jim Copland.
Made up of twelve elected members, from ward areas, and is elected every three years.
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Spain
Spain (i/ˈspeɪn/ SPAYN; Spanish: España, pronounced: [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north and north east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco. Furthermore, the town of Llívia is a Spanish exclave situated inside French territory. With an area of 504,030 square kilometres (194,610 sq mi), it is the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union after France, and the fourth largest country in Europe after Russia, Ukraine and France.
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Sydney
Sydney ( /sɪdni/) is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is classified as an Alpha+ World City indicating its influence in the region and throughout the world.
Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people. Inhabitants of Sydney are called Sydneysiders, comprising a cosmopolitan and international population.
The site of the first British colony in Australia, Sydney was established in 1788 at Sydney Cove by Arthur Phillip, commodore of the First Fleet as a penal colony. The city is built on hills surrounding Port Jackson which is commonly known as Sydney Harbour, where the iconic Sydney Opera House and the Harbour Bridge feature prominently. The hinterland of the metropolitan area is surrounded by national parks, and the coastal regions feature many bays, rivers, inlets and beaches including the famous Bondi Beach and Manly Beach. Within the city are many notable parks, including Hyde Park and the Royal Botanic Gardens.
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Taiaroa Head
Taiaroa Head is a headland at the end of the Otago Peninsula in New Zealand, overlooking the mouth of the Otago Harbour. It lies within the city limits of Dunedin. The nearest settlement, Otakou, lies three kilometres to the south.
The cape is home to a lighthouse, built in 1864, and a colony of over 100 Northern Royal Albatrosses, which established itself in 1919 - the only such colony on an inhabited mainland. There is also the Royal Albatross Centre.
A small beach, Pilots Beach, is located just inside the harbour entrance to the south of the head, and many forms of marine life, such as New Zealand Fur seals and Hooker's Sea Lions are often to be seen. At Pilots beach is the largest colony of little or blue penguins remaining on the Otago Peninsula. Nearby are important breeding habitats of the threatened yellow-eyed penguin. There may also be seen a number of Dusky dolphins , Orcas and migratory large whales such as Southern Rights and Humpbacks. Their sightings in these areas are on the increase. The part of Taiaroa Head where Northern Royal Albatrosses breed is managed by the NZ Department of Conservation as a Nature Reserve with restricted entry. On adjacent land the Otago Peninsula Trust manage a visitor centre and run guided tours into the Nature Reserve. Pilots Beach is managed as a Recreation reserve by the Dunedin City.
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Taieri Mouth
Taieri Mouth is a small fishing village at the mouth of the Taieri River, New Zealand. Taieri Island lies in the ocean several hundred metres off the river's mouth.
It has a white sand beach for swimming and several picnic areas. Another feature is the walking track that follows the Taieri River from the mouth through the lower gorge to Henley.
Taieri Mouth is located 40 km southwest of central Dunedin on the Southern Scenic Route. It is located in the Clutha District on the boundary of Dunedin City and 10 km east of Lake Waihola.
It gained a little notoriety or sadness in the 1990s as the place where the father of murder suspect David Bain worked.
There was a Maori occupation site at Taieri Mouth, with moa bones, indicating it was from the Moa Hunter (Archaic) period of Maori culture.
According to oral tradition in the early 18th century Tuwiriroa moved from Tititea on the Kawarau River near modern Queenstown and built a pa, (fortified settlement), Motupara, near Taieri Mouth. A rival, Tukiauau, had already built a pa, Whakaraupuka, inland on the Taieri Plain by Lake Waihola. Tuwiriroa had a daughter Haki Te Kura, famous for swimming across Lake Wakatipu. Tukiauau had a handsome son Korokiwhiti. The daughter and son now fell in love but the woman's father, the chief of the Taieri Mouth pa, disapproved. The young man's father was a hunted man. Hearing his enemies had discovered his whereabouts he decided to abandon the upriver settlement and move his people further south. As they came down the river in their canoes the distraught young woman attempted to jump from a rock into her lover's craft but struck the prow and was killed. Adding insult to injury her head was severed and held up angrily to her people on the shore as the flotilla passed by to the sea. There were repercussions and Tukiauau and his son were pursued and eventually killed. (Anderson, A. 1998.)
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Taieri Plains
The Taieri Plains are an area of fertile agricultural land to the southwest of Dunedin, in Otago, New Zealand. The plains cover an area of some 300 square kilometres, with a maximum extent of 30 kilometres.
The floodplains of the Taieri and Waipori Rivers, the plains are enclosed to the west by the Maungatua and Silverpeaks Ranges, and to the south and east by a low range of coastal hills.
Dairy and sheep farming dominate the agriculture of the plains, although deer is starting to have an economic impact. The alluvial nature of the land means that floods are not uncommon, especially in the area around the confluence of the two rivers. Stopbanks protect farmland, houses and Dunedin International Airport at Momona. State Highway 1 crosses parts of the plain along some of the stopbanks, with the result that this stretch of road is known locally as The "floodfree" highway.
New Zealand's lowest point, at 2m below sea level, is slightly north of the airport on Kirks Drain Road.
To the northeast, the city of Dunedin is separated from the Taieri Plains by a range of rugged hills which are part of the crater of an extinct volcano. At the northeastern limit of the plain lies the town of Mosgiel, officially part of the city of Dunedin. Other settlements and towns on the plains include Outram, Henley, Allanton, and Momona.
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Taieri River
The Taieri River is the fourth-longest river in New Zealand and is located in Otago in the South Island. Rising in the Lammerlaw ranges, it initially flows north, then east around the Rock and Pillar range before turning southeast, reaching the sea 30 km south of Dunedin.
The upper reaches meander in a series of convoluted loops across a floodplain near Paerau before running through two small hydroelectric power stations before Patearoa in the Maniototo. The Taieri then arcs through almost 180 degrees, entering a broad glacial valley the Strath-Taieri, surrounded by rugged hill ranges. Immediately downstream the river has cut a steep-sided declivity — the Taieri Gorge. This is known for the Taieri Gorge Railway, which follows a route into Central Otago through it. In the Taieri's lower reaches there is a broad floodplain (the Taieri Plains) containing much of Otago's most fertile farmland. The river then flows through the lower Taieri Gorge to the Pacific Ocean at Taieri Mouth. Taieri Island lies in the Pacific Ocean several hundred metres from the mouth of the river.
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Tainui, New Zealand
Andersons Bay (sometimes spelt in the grammatically correct former form Anderson's Bay, and usually known locally simply as "Andy Bay") is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located in the southeast of the city's urban area, 2.8 kilometres (1.7 mi) southeast of the city's centre.
The suburb of Andersons Bay extends south from the Andersons Bay Inlet, an indentation in the southern shore of the Otago Harbour, and across the isthmus joining the Otago Peninsula to the mainland. Andersons Bay's 2001 population was 2,532.
The suburb's name is also occasionally used for the area extending north along the Southern Endowment, an area of land reclaimed from the harbour which sits close to its western shore - towards the suburb of South Dunedin. This area, which was reclaimed during the mid twentieth century, was the location of the bay for which the suburb is named. The Southern Endowment is largely light industrial land, though it also includes one of the city's prominent sports complexes, The Edgar Centre.
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Tararua District
The Tararua District lies near the south-east corner of New Zealand's North Island. Created in 1989, it was named after the Tararua Range, which forms much of its western boundary. It has a population of 17,700 (June 2011 estimate), and an area of 4,360.56 km².
The district's northwest boundary runs along the top of the Ruahine Range; its south-east boundary is the Pacific Ocean. The catchment of the Manawatu River generally defines the north and south extremities. The catchment is also the reason why the majority of the district is in the Manawatu-Wanganui Region, although traditionally many of the people of the district regard themselves as living in either Hawke's Bay (in the north) or Wairarapa (in the south).
The district's chief town is Dannevirke, settled by immigrants from Denmark in the 19th century. It is also the centre for a Community Board. Other towns (from south to north along the main valleys) include Eketahuna and Pahiatua, which have their own Community Boards, and Woodville, Ormondville, and Norsewood. Near the coast are Pongaroa, Herbertville, Akitio, and Alfredton.
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Taupo District
The Taupo District covers 6,350 km² of land, as well as a further 610 km² of lake area, both in Lake Taupo, New Zealand's largest lake, and also in the smaller Lake Rotoaira. The district stretches from the small town of Mangakino in the northwest to the Tongariro National Park in the south, and east into the Kaingaroa Forest. The district's population is largely located in the two main centres, Taupo and Turangi.
The district is governed by the Taupo District Council, with the vast majority of the district falling within the jurisdiction of Environment Waikato regional council.
Little is known about early Māori settlement near Taupo, although Ngati Tuwharetoa have been the main iwi of the area for several hundred years. Major pa were situated at the southern end of the lake to the west of the modern town of Turangi.
Taupo town was founded in 1869 as a garrison town during the New Zealand Wars, but remained small due to the poor volcanic soils of the region. It was not until the 1950s that the region started to develop, with forestry and the construction of the Wairakei geothermal power station.
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Tauranga
Tauranga (Māori pronunciation: [ˈtaʉɾaŋa]) is the most populous city in the Bay of Plenty region of the North Island of New Zealand.
It was settled by Europeans in the early 19th century and was constituted as a city in 1963. Tauranga City is the centre of the sixth largest urban area in New Zealand, with an urban population of 121,500 (June 2011 estimate).
The city lies in the north-western corner of the Bay of Plenty, on the south-eastern edge of Tauranga Harbour. The city expands over an area of 168 square kilometres (65 sq mi), and encompasses the communities of Bethlehem, on the south-western outskirts of the city; Greerton, on the southern outskirts of the city; Matua, west of the central city overlooking Tauranga Harbour; Maungatapu; Mount Maunganui, located north of the central city across the harbour facing the Bay of Plenty; Otumoetai; Papamoa, Tauranga's largest suburb, located on the Bay of Plenty; Tauranga City; Tauranga South; and Welcome Bay.
Tauranga is one of New Zealand's main centres for business, international trade, culture, fashion and horticultural science. The Port of Tauranga is New Zealand's largest port in terms of gross export tonnage.
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The Kilmog
The Kilmog, known in Māori as Kirimoko, (occasionally Kilmog Hill) is a hilly area approximately 20 kilometres north of Dunedin, New Zealand, on State Highway 1, to the north of Blueskin Bay and south of Karitane. Technically more a series of hills than a single hill, it lies between the south branch of the Waikouaiti River and the Pacific Ocean, and reaches its highest point at the 431 m (1436 ft) Hammond Hill, close to the farming community of Merton. A second peak, Porteous Hill, lies at the southern end of the Kilmog, rising to 395 m (1317 ft).
The name is more well known as that of a steep stretch of State Highway 1, where this main state highway traverses a section of these hills between Waitati and Waikouaiti. In the five kilometre stretch from Evansdale, at the northern end of Blueskin Bay, SH1 climbs from sea level to an altitude of 300 m - the highest point on the highway south of Amberley in north Canterbury. Most of the road is three lanes, with two lanes for uphill traffic on each side of the hill, and a passing lane for southbound traffic on a relatively flat alignment near the summit. The highway is sometimes closed by snow in winter.
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The Octagon, Dunedin
The Octagon is the city centre of Dunedin, in the South Island of New Zealand.
The Octagon is an eight sided plaza bisected by the city's main street, which is called George Street to the northeast and Princes Street to the southwest. These form the axis of Dunedin's central business district.
Two other main thoroughfares intersect the Octagon: Upper and Lower Stuart Streets. Lower Stuart Street is the shorter of the two, leading 600 metres southeast to Dunedin Railway Station and to State Highway 1, which passes through central Dunedin as two parallel one way streets. Upper Stuart Street climbs steeply to the northwest as a major arterial route to the city's inner hill suburbs and beyond towards Three Mile Hill, one of the routes to the Taieri Plains and South Otago. Surrounding the Octagon is a larger octagonal street, Moray Place.
The area within the roadway - with the exception of the central thoroughfare between George and Princes Streets - is a pedestrian reserve, grassed and terraced in the upper half, and paved in the lower. A street market occupies much of the paved area once a week. The terrace is surmounted by a statue by Sir John Steell of the Scottish poet Robert Burns, whose nephew, Thomas Burns was one of the founders of the city.
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Tokelau
Tokelau ( /ˈtoʊkəlaʊ/) is a territory of New Zealand in the South Pacific Ocean that consists of three tropical coral atolls with a combined land area of 10 km2 and a population of approximately 1,400. The atolls lie north of the Samoan Islands, east of Tuvalu, south of the Phoenix Islands, southwest of the more distant Line Islands (both island groups belonging to Kiribati) and northwest of the Cook Islands.
The United Nations General Assembly designated Tokelau a Non-Self-Governing Territory. Until 1976 the official name was Tokelau Islands. Tokelau is sometimes referred to by the older, colonial name of The Union Islands.
The name Tokelau is a Polynesian word meaning "North Wind". The islands were named the Union Islands and Union Group by European explorers at an unknown time. Tokelau Islands was adopted as the name in 1946, and was contracted to Tokelau on 9 December 1976.
The change from Tokelau Islands to Tokelau marked a slight shift in emphasis, with consequences in regional diplomacy, in that the term Tokelau Islands clearly and substantially referred to a geographical expression, that is, a range of islands, whatever else it may connote. It is not necessarily controversial to refer by name to a range of islands, even though they may come under two or more political jurisdictions. Tokelau, on the other hand, can be taken to refer more immediately to some concept of nationhood, arguably infusing increased meaning to the draft 2006 independence constitution of Tokelau (which somewhat controversially claims Tokelauan inhabited Olohega (or Swains Island), currently part of American Samoa, as part of its national territory).[citation needed]
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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Waikato District
Waikato District is a territorial authority of New Zealand, in the northern part of Waikato Region, North Island. Waikato District is administered by the Waikato District Council, with headquarters in Ngaruawahia.
The district is centred to the north and west of the city of Hamilton, and takes in much of the northern Waikato Plains and also the Hakarimata Range. The north of the district contains swampy floodplain of the Waikato River and several small lakes, of which the largest is Lake Waikare.
Other than Ngaruawahia, the main population centres are Huntly, Raglan, and Te Kauwhata. The main industries in the district are dairy farming, forestry, and coal mining. There is a major coal-fired power station at Huntly. Te Kauwhata is at the centre of a major wine region.
At the 2006 census the district had a population of 43,959. Of these, 6834 lived in Huntly, 5106 in Ngaruawahia, 2637 in Raglan, and 1294 in Te Kauwhata. In 2010, the district is scheduled to acquire part of the adjacent Franklin District, which will be dissolved.
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Waikouaiti
Coordinates: 45°35′41″S 170°40′22″E / 45.594837°S 170.672833°E / -45.594837; 170.672833
Waikouaiti is a small town in East Otago, New Zealand, within the city limits of Dunedin. The town is close to the coast and the mouth of the Waikouaiti River.
Today, Waikouaiti is a retail trade and servicing centre for the surrounding district, which has sheep farming as the principal primary activity. A major egg producer, Zeagold Foods, a branch of Mainland Poultry LTD has a 500,000-hen factory farming operation here and is in the process of expanding over the next year to meet demand for egg products. Hawksbury, 3 km southwest of Waikouaiti, has a cheese factory and shop, a swimming pool and housing developed from the old mental health institution, Cherry Farm. Karitane, 3 km to the southeast has a small fishing port.
An 1826 sketch of the east Otago coast, shows the headlands and beaches of what are now Karitane and Waikouaiti.
Waikouaiti was the first European settlement in southern New Zealand to be mainly based on farming and one of the first enduring European settlements in Otago. Johnny Jones sent settlers from Sydney, Australia in the Magnet to farm the district in 1840 eight years before the foundation of the Otago Association's settlement. Jones needed other people to help with the new settlement and he wrote to Dr. William Chapman to ask if he would become the GP for the district. From 1837 there had been a whaling station confusingly also called "Waikouaiti" nearby on the south side of the estuary at what is now called "Karitane". Prior to the arrival of Europeans, the area was occupied by Māori, who had a kaik, or unfortified settlement, at modern Karitane and a pa, or fortified settlement, on the adjacent Huriawa Peninsula.
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Waimakariri District
The Waimakariri District is a political district of New Zealand, located in the South Island, on the eastern coast of north Canterbury. It is north of Christchurch and the Waimakariri River and is a part of the greater Canterbury region. The name is Māori for cold river.
The district was established in 1989 and consists of 2,218.72 square kilometres. Its 2006 population was 42,834, up 16.08% from 2001 and up 32.42% from 1996. The primary towns are Kaiapoi and Rangiora, as well as Woodend and Oxford. Other small townships in the Waimakariri district include Swannanoa, Cust, Ohoka, Waikuku, Sefton and Loburn. A new town, Pegasus, is being developed.
The current district mayor is David Ayers, who defeated incumbent mayor Ron Keating in the 2010 local body elections.
(Data source: Waimakariri District Council and Statistics New Zealand)
Coordinates: 43°16′19″S 172°20′20″E / 43.272°S 172.339°E / -43.272; 172.339
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Waimate
Waimate is a town and district in the South Island of New Zealand. It is 45.7 km south of Timaru in south Canterbury, 20 km north of the Waitaki River.
The population of Waimate District at the 2006 census was 7,206 people. Waimate has the fewest Maori people per district in New Zealand. It has an area of 3,582.19 square kilometres .
Waimate is well-known locally for its population of Bennett's wallabies. These marsupials were introduced from Australia and now live in the wild in the countryside surrounding the town.
From 1877 until 1966, Waimate was served by the Waimate Branch, a branch line railway that connected with the Main South Line some seven kilometres east in Studholme. For roughly seventy years ending in 1953, the line ran beyond Waimate to Waihao Downs. When the branch line was closed on 31 March 1966, Waimate became the first major town in New Zealand to lose its railway connection.
The Waimate District is bounded by the Waitaki River in the south, the Pareora River in the north and the Hakataramea Valley to the west. The district is a very productive agricultural area with a mix of pastoral, cropping, dairy farming, fruit and vegetable growing.
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Waipa District
Waipa District Council in the Waikato region of New Zealand is a municipality that covers Te Awamutu, Cambridge and several small towns. The seat of the council is at Te Awamutu. The district's population at the June 2011 estimate was 46,100, of whom approximately 35% lived in each of the main two towns. The district has a land area of 1,473.47 km² (568.91 sq mi). It has five wards: Te Awamutu, Cambridge, Pirongia, Maungatautari and Kakepuku.
The district is located due south of the city of Hamilton. The region's economy is based largely on dairy farming and cereal production. The southeastern corner of the district includes the hydroelectric project at Karapiro.
Coordinates: 37°59′10″S 175°25′16″E / 37.986°S 175.421°E / -37.986; 175.421
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Waipori River
The Waipori River is located in Otago in the South Island of New Zealand. Rising in the Lammerlaw Range, it flows southeast for 50 kilometres before joining the Taieri River near Henley, 30 km southwest of Dunedin of which it is officially the southernmost border.
The upper reaches of the Waipori flow through rough hill country, much of it covered by the Berwick Forest. An artificial lake, Lake Mahinerangi is formed on the river behind a small hydroelectric station at Waipori Falls, which was built in 1880 to provide power for the city of Dunedin. Much of this area is within the Waipori Falls Scenic Reserve.
The lower reaches of the river pass through an area of wetlands around Lakes Waihola and Waipori, both of which drain into the river. This area is a habitat for many species of wading birds. The Sinclair Wetlands reserve is located in this area.
The name Waipori comes from Maori words meaning "dark water".
Coordinates: 45°58′S 170°07′E / 45.967°S 170.117°E / -45.967; 170.117
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Wairoa, New Zealand
Wairoa is a town in New Zealand's North Island. It is the northernmost town in the Hawke's Bay region, and is located on the northern shore of Hawke Bay at the mouth of the Wairoa River and to the west of Mahia Peninsula. It is 70 kilometres northeast of Napier, and a similar distance southwest of Gisborne.
Wairoa is Māori for long water.
Early settlement in the area included a whaling station and trading post, dealing largely in flax. Its initial name was Clyde, but this was changed largely to avoid confusion with Clive near Napier and Clyde in the South Island. The north part of the town is called North Clyde. The town rose to prominence during the New Zealand Wars, during which time it was a garrison town.
Wairoa is a manufacturing and farming service town. It is the seat of the Wairoa District Council. The Wairoa District covers the northern half of the bay's coast, and extends from Mahia Peninsula to Lake Waikaremoana, and south to the mouth of the Waikare River. It has a population of 8,481 inhabitants (2006 census). The District has a land area of 4,119.18 km2 (1,590.42 sq mi).
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Waitaki District
The Waitaki district, in the Canterbury and Otago regions of New Zealand, straddles the traditional border between the two regions, the Waitaki River. It has a land area of 7,151.94 km² (2,761.38 sq mi), divided 59.28% to Canterbury Region and 40.72% to Otago Region. It is the only district in the South Island that is divided between two regions. A major reason for this split was the governance of the Waitaki River which forms a political boundary between Canterbury and Otago. With major hydro schemes on this river it was decided to place the entire catchment in one administrative region, thus forming the split. Some people who fall into the Canterbury Region of Waitaki District still regard themselves as part of Otago, and attempts have been made in the past to change the boundary. The district, which is agricultural by nature, comprises the wide alluvial fan of the river, and runs inland along the banks of the river, this forming a roughly triangular region. The population is 20,900 (June 2011 estimate),Oamaru (in Otago) is the largest town in the district.
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Waitati
Waitati, known in Māori as Waitete, is a small seaside settlement in Otago, New Zealand, within the city limits of Dunedin. It is located close to the tidal mudflats of Blueskin Bay, 19 kilometres north of the Dunedin city centre. The small Waitati River flows through the bay to the sea.
The Dunedin-Waitati Highway section of State Highway 1, formerly and colloquially called Dunedin Northern Motorway, ends at Waitati; the highway continues north from here at a slightly lower grade of construction with more frequent intersections and accesses. Three km to the north, the highway ascends the notorious Kilmog hill. The Main South Line railway curves from east to north through Waitati. The old station yard remains as a train crossing loop and parts of the old station building are used by rail maintenance workers.
Waitati is home to a branch of the Dunedin Public Libraries, a garden centre, a local school, a cafe and general store, and several holiday homes.
For many years Waitati has been known for its appeal to those who pursue an alternative lifestyle. The Waitati Militia, a pacifist warfare group, was founded here, and the village featured in the history of the Values Party, Mushroom magazine and anti Vietnam war and Aramoana aluminium smelter protests, as well as the development in New Zealand of environmental education.
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Waitomo District
Waitomo District is a territorial authority in the north of the King Country region in the North Island of New Zealand. A small part of the district, the town of Tiroa, however, lies in the Manawatu-Wanganui region.
The district is a rural, predominantly dairy farming, region. The seat of the Waitomo District Council is at Te Kuiti, which has a population of 4,419. No other village in the district has a population of over 500. The district's total population at the 2006 census was 9,441, of whom 39% were Māori. The district has a land area of 3,546.76 km2 (1,369 sq mi), 94.87% of which lies in the Waikato Region and only 5.13% in the Manawatu-Wanganui Region. The Waitomo district was declared in 1976.
The area's main industries include sheep farming, forestry, and limestone quarrying.
The area is known for the popular karst Waitomo Caves, 12 kilometres northwest of Te Kuiti. Numerous other caves are found in the limestone rock of the Waitomo district.
Waitomo also has an old style hotel first built in 1908 and added onto in the 1930s. Waitomo Caves Hotel overlooks Waitomo Village.
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Wakari
Wakari is a residential suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) to the northwest of the city centre, immediately to the west of the ridge which runs to the west of the city's centre. Wakari lies to the north of the upper reaches of the Kaikorai Valley, and is also north of the suburb of Kaikorai. The suburbs of Roslyn and Maori Hill are situated on the ridge immediately to the southeast and east of Wakari. The suburb of Halfway Bush lies to the northwest, andx the smaller suburb of Helensburgh lies to the north.
The population was 3,069 in the 2006 Census, a decrease of 39 from 2001.
Wakari's name is likely to be a corruption of the Māori Whakaari, which translates as "a raised view". This was the name for the hill, Flagstaff, which lies 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) to the northwest. For this reason, the suburb's name is sometimes pronounced locally as /waɪˈkæriː/ wy-KARR-ee rather than the more widely accepted /ˈwɒkəriː/ WOK-ə-ree.
The suburb is bounded in the south by Taieri Road, a main suburban arterial route which links central Dunedin with the Taieri Plains. West of Halfway Bush, the road becomes Three Mile Hill Road, crossing the eponymous hill to reach the Taieri Plain northeast of Mosgiel. To the southeast of Wakari, Taieri Road runs under the Roslyn Overbridge and becomes Stuart Street, one of central Dunedin's main streets. Other main roads in and around Wakari include Balmacewen Road in the northern part of the suburb, Helensburgh Road in the northeast, Nairn Street, and Shetland Street.
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Waldronville
Waldronville is a coastal settlement on the Pacific Ocean coast of the South Island of New Zealand. Established in the 1950s as a commuter settlement, it is located 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) to the southwest of Dunedin city centre, and lies within the city's limits. Waldronville was developed by Bill Waldron, when he purchased the McCraws farm in the early 1950s, initially for 200 houses. In the mid-1970s, two other streets were added to the southwest of the settlement. In the mid-1990s, Friendship Drive and Wavy Knowes developments were added to the northeast.
The township of Brighton lies 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) to the southeast of Waldronville; the tiny settlement of Westwood lies halfway between the Brighton and Waldronville.
Waldronville is located close to the Kaikorai Lagoon, an expanse of water at the mouth of the Kaikorai Stream protected from the ocean by a sandbar which stretches inland almost as far as the Dunedin suburb of Green Island, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the north. The lagoon is part of a research project aimed at establishing a national estuarine monitoring protocol. The actual island which shares the suburb's name lies 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) offshore to the south of Waldronville.
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Waverley, Otago
Waverley is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located at the start of the Otago Peninsula, 2.4 kilometres (1.5 mi) southeast of the city centre, on a rise overlooking the Otago Harbour to the north.
The suburb is connected to central Dunedin by several streets of which Larnach Road is the most prominent. This descends from the suburb to link with Marne Street on the eastern shore of the Andersons Bay Inlet. Marne Street connects with the suburbs of Andersons Bay and Musselburgh to the south, and in the north links with the causeway which carries Portobello Road from South Dunedin along the northern shore of the Otago Peninsula. Notable other roads linking Waverley and other suburbs include Doon Street, which winds down the steep slopes above the harbour to link Waverley with Vauxhall at Portobello Road, and McKerrow Street, which climbs from northeast Waverley to meet with Highcliff Road at the northern end of Shiel Hill.
The suburb stands on land which was owned by Dunedin early settler The Reverend Thomas Burns, whose dairy farm, Grant Braes, was located here. The farm was named for Burns's wife, whose maiden name was Grant. The original farmhouse still stands, incongruously surrounded by modern housing, and the area of Waverley close to the northern end of Belford Street is still known by the slightly amended name of Grants Braes. Today, the name is best known as that of a local football team, Grants Braes AFC, whose home ground is located 2 km (1.2 mi) to the southeast at Ocean Grove.
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Wellington
Wellington ( /ˈwɛlɪŋtən/) is the capital city and second most populous urban area of New Zealand. It is at the southwestern tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Rimutaka Range. It is home to 393,400 residents.
The Wellington urban area is the major population centre of the southern North Island, and is the seat of the Wellington Region – which in addition to the urban area covers the Kapiti Coast and Wairarapa. The urban area includes four cities: Wellington, on the peninsula between Cook Strait and Wellington Harbour, contains the central business district and about half of Wellington's population; Porirua on Porirua Harbour to the north is notable for its large Māori and Pacific Island communities; Lower Hutt and Upper Hutt are largely suburban areas to the northeast, together known as the Hutt Valley. Wellington also holds the distinction of being the world's southernmost capital city.
In 2008, Wellington was classified as a Gamma World City in the World Cities Study Group’s inventory by Loughborough University. The 2010 Mercer Quality of Living Survey ranked Wellington 12th in the world. In 2011 Lonely Planet Best in Travel 2011 named Wellington as fourth in its Top 10 Cities to Visit in 2011, referring to the New Zealand capital as the "coolest little capital in the world".
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Wellington City
Wellington City Council is a territorial authority in the Wellington region of New Zealand. Wellington city extends as far north as Linden, and includes the rural areas of Makara and Ohariu. It is New Zealand's third-largest city, behind Auckland and Christchurch.
Wellington attained city status in 1886. The settlement had become the capital of New Zealand in 1865, and since then has hosted New Zealand's Parliament and Government.
The city council has used the marketing slogan, "Absolutely Positively Wellington", in an official capacity since the early 1990s. [1]
For a list of past mayors, see Mayor of Wellington.
See Wellington for further information on the greater Wellington urban area.
The Wellington City Council represents a population of 200,100 (June 2011 estimate), and consists of a mayor and fourteen councillors elected from five wards (Northern, Onslow-Western, Lambton, Eastern, Southern) using the Single Transferable Vote system.
One mayor is elected at large from the entire Wellington City Council area.
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Westland District
Westland District is a territorial authority on the west coast of New Zealand's South Island. Its population is 8,960 (June 2011 estimate).
The Westland District is governed by an elected Council, headed by an elected Mayor. The Mayor is elected at large. The current Mayor is Maureen Pugh. Councillors are elected to represent multi-member wards. Three councillors are elected for the Northern Ward, three for the Southern Ward, and four for the town of Hokitika.
The District is one of three included within the West Coast Region.
The District consists of a long thin strip of land between the crest of the Southern Alps and the Tasman Sea. The low-lying areas near the coast are a mixture of pastoral farmland and temperate rainforest. The eastern part of the District is steep and mountainous. Many small rivers flow down from the mountains.
The southern part of the District notably contains the Franz Josef and Fox glaciers.
Westland is one of the most sparsely populated parts of the country, with an area of 11,880.19 square kilometres and a population of 8,403 people (2006 census). Approximately 45% of the population lives in Hokitika (popn.3500). The remaining 55% lives in small villages such as Ross, Franz Josef and Haast, or in rural areas.
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Whangarei District
The Whangarei District is located in Northland, New Zealand. Whangarei is the principal town and the district seat. Other towns include Hukerenui, Hikurangi, Titoki, Ruakaka and Waipu. The district contains a large amount of rural land, including beaches such as Ngunguru, game fishing mecca Tutukaka, a variety of beaches along Whangarei Harbour, as well as Matakohe or Limestone Island in the Harbour, now subject to ecological restoration. The main airport for the district is Whangarei Airport.
The district extends as far south as Bream Bay, north towards the Cape Brett Peninsula, and west almost to Waipoua Forest. It also includes the Hen and Chicken Islands and the Poor Knights Islands. The mayor of Whangarei District is Morris Cutforth who has held the position since 2010, after defeating incumbent Stan Semenoff in the local body elections.
The district population is 80,500 from the June 2011 estimate.
Coordinates: 35°43′08″S 174°18′32″E / 35.719°S 174.309°E / -35.719; 174.309
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Charles Kettle
Charles Henry Kettle (6 April 1821 – 5 June 1862) surveyed the city of Dunedin in New Zealand, imposing a bold design on a challenging landscape. He was aiming to create a Romantic effect and incidentally produced the world's steepest street, Baldwin Street.
Born in Kent in England, Charles Henry Kettle was the son of the impecunious Matthew Kettle. Charles was a teaching assistant at Queens Grammar School in Faversham in Kent before sailing for New Zealand on the Oriental in 1839.
Kettle arrived at Port Nicholson, Wellington in 1840. He was a cadet in William Mein Smith's survey corps, and was soon promoted on the strength of his abilities. In 1842, he led an exploration party up the Manawatu River penetrating to the Wairarapa district, helping to stimulate its pastoral development. In 1843, he returned to Britain and became a publicist for the projected New Edinburgh settlement in Otago in New Zealand's South Island. He travelled widely for this purpose for two years and appeared before a House of Commons Select Committee on New Zealand in June 1844 as an expert on the country. In September 1845, he was appointed to head the survey of the new Scottish settlement. He married Amelia Omer at St Peter's Sandwich, Kent, 10 September 1845.
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Clare Curran
Clare Elizabeth Curran is the 3rd and current member of the Parliament of New Zealand for Dunedin South.
Curran grew up and was educated in Dunedin, she attended Moreau College where she achieved School Certificate. She has a BA double major in Anthropology and History from the University of Otago, and BA Honours in Anthropology from Victoria University of Wellington.
She is currently a member of many unions and political groups. She is a member of the Engineering, Printing and Manufacturing Union and the Service & Food Workers Union. She is also a member of Greenpeace. She is currently on the Council of NZ Labour Party.
In the 49th New Zealand Parliament, she is a member of the Commerce Committee, and she is the Labour spokesperson for Communications and Information Technology.
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Frances Hodgkins
Frances Mary Hodgkins (28 April 1869 - 13 May 1947) was a painter chiefly of landscape and still life, and for a short period was a designer of textiles. She was born in New Zealand, but spent most of her working life in Britain. She is considered one of New Zealand's most prestigious and influential painters, although it is the work from her life in Europe, rather than her home country, on which her reputation rests.
Hodgkins was born in Dunedin, New Zealand in 1869, the daughter of W.M. Hodgkins, a lawyer, amateur painter a leading figure in the city's art circles.
As a girl she attended Braemar House, a private girls' secondary school, later incorporated into Columba College. She first exhibited in 1890, although she felt overshadowed by her sister, Isobel. In 1893 she became a student of Girolamo Nerli who inspired her first successes. It has been suggested this is where she first met Dorothy Kate Richmond (1860–1935). In 1895-96 she attended the Dunedin School of Art. Her watercolor painting won early recognition.
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Francis Petre
Francis William "Frank" Petre (27 August 1847 – 10 December 1918) was a prominent New Zealand-born architect based in Dunedin. He was an able exponent of the Gothic revival style, one of its best practitioners in New Zealand. He followed the Roman Church's initiative to build Catholic places of worship in Anglo-Saxon countries in Romance forms of architecture. Despite these constraints his buildings reveal him as an artist.
Able to work competently in a wide diversity of architectural styles, he was also notable for his pioneering work in concrete development and construction. He designed numerous public and private buildings, many of which are still standing in and around Dunedin. His outstanding buildings are a few of his churches and seminaries, the basis of his international reputation.
Petre was a descendant of Dorothy Wadham, a progenitrix of an English crypto-Catholic family and the foundress of Wadham College at Oxford in England in the 17th century. In the 19th century the family was again able to declare its faith. The architect's grandfather invested in the second New Zealand Company.
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G. P. Nerli
Girolamo Pieri Pecci Ballati Nerli, known more commonly as Girolamo Nerli (21 February 1860 – 24 June 1926) was an Italian painter who worked and travelled in Australia and New Zealand in the late 19th century influencing Charles Conder and Frances Hodgkins and helping to move Australian and New Zealand art in new directions. His portrait of Robert Louis Stevenson in the Scottish National Portrait Gallery Edinburgh, is usually considered the most searching portrayal of the writer.
Born in Siena in Italy to an Italian aristocrat, Ferdinando Pieri Nerli, his full name was Girolamo Pieri Pecci Ballati Nerli. The fourth of six children he was not a 'Marchese' as he was sometimes styled, or a 'Count', but a 'patrizio di Siena', a minor distinction marking the great antiquity of his family. His father married Henrietta Medwin, an Englishwoman. Her father Thomas Medwin was a minor literary figure in Byron's circle, the author of Journal of the Conversations of Lord Byron and of The Life of Percy Bysshe Shelley; Medwin was a second cousin on both parents' side of Shelley. Girolamo studied art in Florence under Antonio Ciseri and Giovanni Muzzioli and was a younger member of the Italian Macchiaioli school, the 'patch painters', an Italian movement anticipating French Impressionism.
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Henry Ely Shacklock
Henry Ely Shacklock (21 June 1839 - 17 December 1902) was an iron moulder and manufacturer in colonial New Zealand. In 1873 H.E. Shacklock designed and built the first of thousands of cast iron coal ranges that, after various modifications, became the backbone of his business. The company he founded, H.E. Shacklock Ltd., went on to produce the first electric range in New Zealand in 1925.[citation needed]
Shacklock was born in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, England and served his apprenticeship in several foundries at Nottingham and Derby. Unsatisfied with the opportunities available to him in England, Henry Shacklock emigrated to New Zealand and arrived in Port Chalmers aboard the Bombay on the 9 September 1862. Shacklock first gained a job cutting scrub on the Otago Peninsula before his fiancée Elizabeth Bradley came to join him in New Zealand. He spent a period of his life living in Oamaru before returning to Dunedin and settling on an adjoining section on Grosvenor Street and Park Terrace. He eventually set up his own foundry on Princes Street in January 1872.
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Hone Tuwhare
Hone Tuwhare (21 October 1922 – 16 January 2008) was a noted New Zealand poet of Māori ancestry. He is closely associated with The Catlins in the Otago region of New Zealand, where he lived for the latter part of his life.
Hone Tuwhare was born in Kaikohe, Northland, into the Nga Puhi tribe (hapu Ngati Korokoro, Ngati Tautahi, Te Popoto, Uri-o-hau). Following the death of his mother, his family shifted to Auckland, where Hone attended primary schools in Avondale, Mangere and Ponsonby. He commenced a boilermaker apprenticeship with the New Zealand Railways and had to attend night classes in Mathematics, Trade Drawing and Trade Theory which he did at Seddon Memorial Technical College in Auckland (1939–41), and Otahuhu College (1941). Tuwhare spoke Māori until he was about 9, and his father, an accomplished orator and storyteller, encouraged his son’s interest in the written and spoken word, especially in the rhythms and imagery of the Old Testament.
In July 2010 The Hone Tuwhare Charitable trust was formed in honour of Hone Tuwhare. Their goal is: “To inspire people through the preservation, promotion, and celebration of Hone’s legacy” .
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James Cook
Captain James Cook, FRS, RN (7 November 1728 – 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator and cartographer who ultimately rose to the rank of captain in the Royal Navy. Cook made detailed maps of Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean, during which he achieved the first European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, as well as the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.
Cook joined the British merchant navy as a teenager and joined the Royal Navy in 1755. He saw action in the Seven Years' War, and subsequently surveyed and mapped much of the entrance to the Saint Lawrence River during the siege of Quebec. This helped bring Cook to the attention of the Admiralty and Royal Society. This notice came at a crucial moment in both Cook's career and the direction of British overseas exploration, and led to his commission in 1766 as commander of HM Bark Endeavour for the first of three Pacific voyages.
In three voyages Cook sailed thousands of miles across largely uncharted areas of the globe. He mapped lands from New Zealand to Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean in greater detail and on a scale not previously achieved. As he progressed on his voyages of discovery he surveyed and named features, and recorded islands and coastlines on European maps for the first time. He displayed a combination of seamanship, superior surveying and cartographic skills, physical courage and an ability to lead men in adverse conditions.
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James K. Baxter
James Keir Baxter (29 June 1926 – 22 October 1972) was a poet, and is a celebrated figure in New Zealand society.
Baxter was born in Dunedin to Archibald Baxter and Millicent Brown and grew up near Brighton. He was named after James Keir Hardie, a founder of the British Labour Party. His father had been a conscientious objector during the First World War. His mother had studied at the Presbyterian Ladies' College, Sydney, the University of Sydney and Newnham College.
On his first day of school, Baxter burned his hand on a stove and later used this incident to represent the failure of institutional education. As a child he contrasted the social order represented by his maternal grandfather with the clan mentality of his Scottish father and frequently drew analogies between the Highland clans and the Māori tribes.
Baxter, like the comparable Francis Webb in Australia, claims to have begun writing poetry at the age of seven, and it is certain that he accumulated a large body of technically-accomplished work both before and during his teenage years. He continued to write throughout his lifetime, although his frequent shifts of religion and lifestyle were the center of much controversy and speculation.
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Maxwell Bury
Maxwell Bury (28 July 1825 – 9 September 1912) was an English-born architect who was active in New Zealand in the 19th century. He is best remembered for his buildings for the University of Otago.
Born in Nottinghamshire on 28 July 1825, Bury was the son of an Anglican clergyman and spent part of his youth in Cambridgeshire. He trained as an engineer near Derby and is thought to have been familiar with Aston Hall near Birmingham which has been seen as the inspiration of some of his New Zealand work, notably the Nelson Provincial Government Buildings. He also served as an engineer in the merchant marine.
He married Eleanor Sarah Deighton on 11 August 1853 at Ellesmere in Shropshire and in 1854 sailed with her to Australia in the Zingari a steam-assisted ship he had had a hand in building. After a brief time in Melbourne the ship and the couple arrived at Nelson in New Zealand on 12 December 1854.
Bury got a contract to provide a postal service between Nelson and Wellington using the Zingari while his wife ran a school in Nelson. He offered his services as an engineer and a land agent, played a role in public life and was involved in Nelson Anglican church affairs. No doubt this facilitated his being commissioned to design the Maori chapel at Wakapuaka. It is thought he may have been the first architect of the house begun by Bishop Edmund Hobhouse, Bishopdale. He designed the Nelson Provincial Council's principal building which was erected in 1859. In 1863 he moved with his wife and their children to Christchurch.
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Michael Woodhouse
Michael Woodhouse (born c.1965) is a National member of the 49th New Zealand Parliament.
He was born and raised in South Dunedin , the fifth of nine children. Attended St Patrick's, St Edmund's and St Pauls High School, now Kavanagh College which he left at the end of sixth form in 1982. Worked for the National Bank of New Zealand in Dunedin and Wellington till 1987 when he embarked on a rugby sojourn to Scotland and England, playing for Dunfermline 1987/88 and Broughton Park in Manchester 1988/89. Returned to Dunedin where he studied Commerce and Accounting at Otago University which he graduated from in 1993. Worked at Taylor Mclachlan Accountants in Dunedin, Dunedin Hospital and ACC. Recently in 2005 he earned a masters in Health at the University of New South Wales in Australia. Prior to his political career Woodhouse was the CEO of Mercy Hospital in Dunedin from 2001 to 2008.
An avid rugby follower, Woodhouse played age group rugby for Otago and South Island rep teams and premier rugby for Dunedin and Western Suburbs in Wellington. He also refereed 84 premier and appr 20 representative colts and 'B' provincial matches.
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Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte (French: Napoléon Bonaparte [napoleɔ̃ bɔnɑpaʁt]) (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the latter stages of the French Revolution. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815. His legal reform, the Napoleonic Code, has been a major influence on many civil law jurisdictions worldwide, but he is best remembered for his role in the wars led against France by a series of coalitions, the so-called Napoleonic Wars. He established hegemony over most of continental Europe and sought to spread the ideals of the French Revolution, while consolidating an imperial monarchy which restored aspects of the deposed Ancien Régime. Due to his success in these wars, often against numerically superior enemies, he is generally regarded as one of the greatest military commanders of all time and his campaigns are studied at military academies throughout much of the world.
Napoleon was born in Corsica to parents of noble Genoese ancestry, and trained as an artillery officer in mainland France. He rose to prominence under the French First Republic and led successful campaigns against the First and Second Coalitions arrayed against France. In 1799, he staged a coup d'état and installed himself as First Consul; five years later the French Senate proclaimed him emperor. In the first decade of the 19th century, the French Empire under Napoleon engaged in a series of conflicts—the Napoleonic Wars—involving every major European power.
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New Zealand wars
The New Zealand Wars, sometimes called the Land Wars and also once called the Māori Wars, were a series of armed conflicts that took place in New Zealand between 1845 and 1872. The wars were fought over a number of issues, the most prominent concerning Māori land being sold to the settler population.
The Treaty of Waitangi, signed in 1840, guaranteed that individual Māori iwi (tribes) should have undisturbed possession of their lands, forests, fisheries and other taonga (treasures) in return for becoming British subjects, selling land to the government only and surrendering sovereignty to the British Government. Historians have debated whether this last point was fully understood by chiefs due to the possible mistranslation of the word "sovereignty" in the treaty copies. The majority of Māori were keen to sign to consolidate peace and end the long inter-tribal Musket Wars 1807–1842. They were also very keen to acquire the technological culture of the British.
All pre-treaty colonial land-sale deals had been completed directly between the two parties. In the early period of contact, the Māori generally sought trade with Europeans. Mission stations were established, and missionaries received land for houses, schools, churches and farms.
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Patrick Hayman
Patrick Hayman (1915 – 1988) was an English artist who worked in a variety of media including painting, drawing and three-dimensional constructions. Although he only lived in Cornwall, for a few years, he was closely associated with the St Ives School of painters and sculptors.
Hayman acknowledged he was inspired to paint by R.N. (Bob) Field (1899-1987) teacher at the school of art in Dunedin, New Zealand, where Hayman went to live as a young man. He mingled there in the 1930s with a group of young artists who developed New Zealand's first indigenous Modernism. Notable in that group was Colin McCahon (1919-1987) who stayed in contact with Hayman and like him used texts as integral to his imagery.
A daughter, Christina Conrad, was born in New Zealand in 1942. Also an artist as well as a filmmaker and poet, her paintings and clay icons were created without her having knowledge of her real father, but neverthesless bear a striking resemblance, aesthetically and in terms of social concerns, with a lot of her father's work. She is well-known in New Zealand, Australia and the United States where she has exhibited widely in and around New York, including the Outsider Art Fair and the Kleinart Gallery in Woodstock.
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Ralph Hotere
Hone Papita Raukura "Ralph" Hotere ONZ (born 1931) is a New Zealand artist of Māori descent (Te Aupōuri iwi). He was born in Mitimiti, Northland and is widely regarded as one of New Zealand's most important living artists. In 1994 he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Otago and in 2003 received an Icon Award from the Arts Foundation of New Zealand.
He was made a member of the Order of New Zealand on 31 December 2011.
Hotere received his secondary education at St Peter's Maori College, Auckland. After early art training in Auckland, he moved to Dunedin in 1952, where he studied at King Edward Technical College. During the later 1950s, he worked as a schools art advisor for the Education Department in the Bay of Islands.
In 1961 Hotere gained a fellowship and travelled to England where he studied at London’s Central School of Art. During 1962-4 he studied in France and travelled around Europe, during which time he saw the development of the Pop Art and Op Art movements. His travels took him, among other places, to the war cemetery in Italy where his brother was buried. This event, and the politics of Europe during the 1960s, were to have a profound effect on Hotere’s work, notably in the Sangro and Polaris series of paintings.
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Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the largest city proper by population in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities of the PRC, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010. It is a global city, with influence in commerce, culture, finance, media, fashion, technology, and transport. It is a major financial center and the busiest container port in the world.
Located in the Yangtze River Delta in eastern China, Shanghai sits at the mouth of the Yangtze River in the middle portion of the Chinese coast. The municipality borders Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces to the west, and is bounded to the east by the East China Sea.
Once a fishing and textiles town, Shanghai grew in importance in the 19th century due to European recognition of its favorable port location and economic potential. The city was one of several opened to foreign trade following the British victory over China in the first opium war and the subsequent 1842 Treaty of Nanking which allowed the establishment of the Shanghai International Settlement. The city then flourished as a center of commerce between east and west, and became the undisputed financial hub of the Asia Pacific in the 1930s. However, with the Communist Party takeover of the mainland in 1949, the city's international influence declined. In the 1990s, the economic reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping resulted in an intense re-development of the city, aiding the return of finance and foreign investment to the city.
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Sneaky Feelings
Sneaky Feelings were a 1980s New Zealand pop/rock band, led by Matthew Bannister, who recorded on the Flying Nun label. Initially recording with the line-up of Bannister (guitar), David Pine (guitar), Kat Tyrie (bass) and Martin Durrant (drums), Tyrie was replaced by John Kelcher early in the band's career. Durrant left shortly before the band's demise, and was replaced by Ross Burge.
Sneaky Feelings were unusual among Dunedin Sound bands in that all four members of the band sang and several of the members wrote material. The jangle sound of the guitars and layered vocals drew their influence from the music of the Byrds and the Beatles, and comparisons can be made with some of California's Paisley Underground bands.
The band's name comes from a song by Elvis Costello, "Sneaky Feelings", which is on his debut album My Aim Is True (1977).
Sneaky Feelings were one of four Dunedin bands to reap the benefits of the newly formed Flying Nun label with the release of the Dunedin Double EP, alongside the Stones, the Verlaines and the Chills. Sadly, the multi-voiced harmonies of their sound were not well-suited to the primitive recording conditions of early Flying Nun, so it is rarely captured at its best on the albums they released. The band's biggest hit was with the single "Husband House" in 1985.
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Taylormade Media
Ian Lemuel Taylor CNZM (born c.1950) is a prominent businessman from Dunedin, New Zealand.
Born in Kaeo to a Pākehā father and Māori mother, he grew up in Raupunga and went to a Catholic boarding school in Masterton.
Taylor is married to Liz and they have 2 children.
Taylor joined the band Kal-Q-Lated Risk in c.1967 as lead singer, and later graduated with a LLB degree from the University of Otago.
A former television presenter (notably for TVNZ children's programme Spot_On_(TV_Series) and New Zealand's Funniest Home Videos, Taylor founded Taylormade Media in 1989 as a television production company. The following year he established Animation Research Limited, which quickly became one of the top computer animation companies in New Zealand and known internationally for its work, particularly in television advertising and sports graphics.
Taylor was inducted into the New Zealand Technology Hall of Fame in 2009 and was named North & South Magazines 2010 New Zealander of the Year.
He was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the New Zealand Computer Society (HFNZCS) in 2010, the top honour of the ICT sector in New Zealand.[citation needed]
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The Bats
The Bats are an influential New Zealand rock band formed in 1982 in Christchurch by Paul Kean (bass), Malcolm Grant (drums), Robert Scott (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, keyboards) and Kaye Woodward (lead guitar, vocals). Though primarily a Christchurch band, The Bats have strong links to Dunedin and are usually grouped in with the Dunedin Sound musicians that emerged in the early 1980s. The band has retained the same four members from 1982 to the present day.
In the early 1980s, Robert Scott and Kaye Woodward were flatting together in Christchurch. Scott was already playing guitar in The Clean, and had also played with bassist Paul Kean in the short-lived band, Thanks To Llamas. After Scott taught Woodward some of his songs, the three begain playing together at parties as The Percy Taiwan Band. After recruiting Malcolm Grant of The Bilders on drums, they renamed themselves The Bats.
The Bats first performed in Dunedin on New Year's Eve, 1982. Over the next two years, they were involved in the live music scene in Christchurch and Dunedin, before releasing their first EP, By Night (1984), on the nascent alternative New Zealand record label, Flying Nun. The band spent the next two years touring New Zealand and Australia, and released another EP, And Here Is 'Music for the Fireside' (1985). The band's early releases were accompanied by some typically low budget but original music videos, notably 'By Night', 'I Go Wild' and 'Downfall'.
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The Clean
The Clean are an influential indie rock band that formed in Dunedin, New Zealand in 1978, and have been described as the most influential band to come from the Flying Nun label, whose repertoire included many major proponents of the "Dunedin Sound". Led through a number of early rotating line-ups by brothers Hamish and David Kilgour, the band settled down to their well-known and current line-up with bassist Robert Scott. Early incarnations of The Clean included Peter Gutteridge on bass (who wrote "Point That Thing") and Doug Hood on vocals (who later worked with Toy Love and founded the "Looney Tours" touring company). The Clean forged a distinctive and quirky sound that relied heavily on organ melodies and simple, Ramones-style chord progressions.
The band's auspicious 1981 debut single "Tally Ho!" was the second release on Roger Shepherd's Flying Nun label. Featuring a chugging rhythm and instantly memorable descending farfisa line played by Martin Phillipps of The Chills, "Tally Ho!" reached number 19 on the New Zealand Singles Charts, giving the fledgling label its first hit. Tally Ho was recorded for $50. A follow-up track on the band's Great Sounds Great EP titled "Beatnik" also achieved success, as did their second single, "Getting Older".
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The Verlaines
The Verlaines are a rock band from Dunedin, New Zealand. Formed in 1981 by Graeme Downes, Craig Easton, Anita Pillai, Phillip Higham and Greg Kerr, the band went through multiple line-ups before going on an extended hiatus after their 1997 album Over The Moon. In 2003 a career retrospective, You're Just Too Obscure For Me, was released.
The band were named after French poet Paul Verlaine - not, as is occasionally suggested, Tom Verlaine, who also took his stage name from the poet.
The Verlaines were noted for their angular, "difficult" song structures, wordy and downbeat lyrics, unusual subject matter all contained in often frantic up-tempo playing. The Verlaines were led by songwriter and vocalist/guitarist Graeme Downes although many other New Zealand musicians played guitar, bass, drums and brass instruments during the different stages of the band.
In 1993, the band contributed the track "Heavy 33" to the AIDS-Benefit Album No Alternative, and in 1995, the song "Some Fantasy" to the AIDS benefit album Red Hot + Bothered, both produced by the Red Hot Organization.
wn.com/The_Verlaines -
Toss Woollaston
Sir Mountford Tosswill "Toss" Woollaston (11 April 1910 – 30 August 1998) was one of the most important New Zealand painters of the 20th century.
Born in Toko, Taranaki in 1910, Woollaston studied art at the Canterbury School of Art in Christchurch. He became interested in modernism after moving to Dunedin to study with R N Field.
In 1934 he settled at Mapua, near Nelson, and married Edith Alexander two years later. They became part of a circle of local artists and writers which included Colin McCahon. After World War II the Woollastons moved to Greymouth, and the landscape of the West Coast became a major feature in his art.
It was only from the 1960s that Woollaston was able to paint full-time; previously he had taken numerous part time jobs to support himself and his family.
As well as painting, Woollaston wrote, poetry in particular having been a lifelong passion. His books included The Far-away Hills in 1960, and Sage Tea (his autobiography) in 1980.
He was made a Knight Bachelor in 1979, being the first New Zealander to be knighted for his services to art (Peter Siddell being the second).
wn.com/Toss_Woollaston -
W. M. Hodgkins
William Mathew Hodgkins (1833 - 9 February 1898) was a 19th century New Zealand painter.
According to his daughter Frances Hodgkins the 'father of art in New Zealand', he was certainly the chief advocate of art in Dunedin when the city led New Zealand in the 19th century. The founder of New Zealand's first public art gallery and the first person to publish at any length about New Zealand art, he was a considerable water colour painter in his own right. He encouraged his daughters, one of whom, Frances Hodgkins, was regarded as Britain's most distinguished woman artist at the time of her death and is still New Zealand's best regarded expatriate painter.
Baptised in Liverpool 23 September 1833 in the heart of the city's slums he was the son of a brushmaker, also called William Hodgkins. His mother had been Jane Grocott or Groocock and his sister Jane was born in 1835. William Mathew went to school at Staveley, Derbyshire and his exercise book in penmanship survives, prefiguring his adult career as a law clerk and lawyer and his lifelong interest in graphics. By 1852 his father was in business in Birmingham but William Mathew was a law clerk in London. He lived in Holborn, worked for Waterlow and Sons, famous printers of stamps and bank notes, and for the Patent Office. By 1855 he was in Paris where he assisted in 'literary work' at Versailles, perhaps copying correspondence or graphic works. Back in London about 1857 he studied Turner's paintings and other artists, at Hampton Court and the National Gallery. In 1859 he worked at the National Portrait Gallery in London.
wn.com/W._M._Hodgkins -
Weller brothers
The Weller brothers, Englishmen of Sydney and Otago, New Zealand, were the founders of a whaling station on Otago Harbour and New Zealand’s most substantial merchant traders in the 1830s.
The brothers, Joseph Brooks (1802-1835), George (1805-1875) and Edward (1814-1893), founded their establishment at Otago Heads in 1831, the first enduring European settlement in what is now the City of Dunedin.
Members of a wealthy land-owning family from Folkestone, Kent, they moved serially to Australia, partly to alleviate Joseph Brooks Weller’s tuberculosis. Joseph Brooks left England on 20 October 1823. He arrived in Hobart on 4 February 1824 and then went to Sydney. After 18 months he returned to England, and left there for good on 1 January 1827 accompanied by Edward. In the meantime George had already left England and arrived in Australia in March 1826. and had bought the Albion. By 1830 Joseph Brooks, Edward, George and his new wife, Elizabeth (formerly Barwise), their parents, Joseph (1766-1857) and Mary (née Brooks) (b.1779), and two sisters, Fanny (1812-1896) and Ann (1822-1887), were all in Sydney.
wn.com/Weller_brothers -
William Cargill
William Walter Cargill (27 August 1784 – 6 August 1860) was the founder of the Otago settlement in New Zealand, after serving as an officer in the British Army. He was a Member of Parliament and Otago's first Superintendent.
Cargill was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1784. His parents were James Cargill and Marrion Jamieson. His father died of alcoholism when he was 15. He joined the British Army in 1802 and served with distinction in India, Spain, and France. In 1813, he married Mary Ann Yates, they had seventeen children. Of these, two of his five sons became notable in public life: John, who followed in his fathers footsteps and became a politician, and Edward, a prominent businessman and politician. Family circumstances forced him to sell his commission in 1820, though he was later referred to as "Captain Cargill". After leaving the army, he became a wine merchant in Scotland.
On 24 November 1847, Cargill sailed for New Zealand on the ship John Wickliffe, arriving at what is now Port Chalmers, Otago on 23 March 1848.
wn.com/William_Cargill
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Dunedin New Zealand
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:35
- Updated: 13 Dec 2012
Official video for Dunedin, New Zealand
http://wn.com/Dunedin_New_Zealand
The Amazing Appearing City - Dunedin, New Zealand
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:47
- Updated: 19 Nov 2012
Dunedin, New Zealand - when travelling from the north the city unfolds before you without warning - riding Suzuki Bandit. Wind noise, hence music.
http://wn.com/The_Amazing_Appearing_City_Dunedin,_New_Zealand
Dunedin, New Zealand - when travelling from the north the city unfolds before you without warning - riding Suzuki Bandit. Wind noise, hence music.
- published: 28 Aug 2011
- views: 2380
- author: Handleping
Dunedin man arrested after shooting hole in water tower next to golf course
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:04
- Updated: 12 Dec 2012
A Dunedin man has been arrested for firing a high-powered rifle at a water tower. The bullet pierced the 47-year old structure, and reclaimed water has been been spewing out of the one-million gallon tank most of Tuesday.
http://wn.com/Dunedin_man_arrested_after_shooting_hole_in_water_tower_next_to_golf_course
A Dunedin man has been arrested for firing a high-powered rifle at a water tower. The bullet pierced the 47-year old structure, and reclaimed water has been been spewing out of the one-million gallon tank most of Tuesday.
- published: 12 Dec 2012
- views: 103
- author: ABCActionNews
Michael Woodhouse MP - Video Update
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:18
- Updated: 13 Dec 2012
Michael wishes everyone a Merry Christmas and talks about some of the highs and lows in both Dunedin and Parliament this year.
http://wn.com/Michael_Woodhouse_MP_Video_Update
Michael wishes everyone a Merry Christmas and talks about some of the highs and lows in both Dunedin and Parliament this year.
- published: 12 Dec 2012
- views: 12
- author: NZNats
Tsunami Dunedin NZ
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:22
- Updated: 22 Nov 2012
Footage of St Clair & St Kilda beaches in Dunedin, NZ around estimated arrival time of Tsunami from Chile's 8.8 magnitude earthquake. Basically a non-event...filmed between 7:35am to 9:00am Sunday 28th feb 2010.
http://wn.com/Tsunami_Dunedin_NZ
Footage of St Clair & St Kilda beaches in Dunedin, NZ around estimated arrival time of Tsunami from Chile's 8.8 magnitude earthquake. Basically a non-event...filmed between 7:35am to 9:00am Sunday 28th feb 2010.
- published: 28 Feb 2010
- views: 47777
- author: Jeff Ormandy
Luxury Waterfront Hotel planned for Dunedin
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:51
- Updated: 15 Dec 2012
Plans for a five star, 28-storey luxury hotel, proposed for Dunedin's waterfront, have been revealed at Dunedin's Forsyth Barr Stadium. The hotel will position the city as a high-end tourism destination and provide a major boost to the region's economic development. The proposed hotel will be the tallest building in Dunedin by a significant margin providing uninterrupted views across the city either to Swampy Summit or the Otago peninsula. It will comprise both hotel and apartment accommodation, a swimming pool, a rooftop restaurant, car parks and a penthouse presidential suite. The $100 million development is currently going through the resource consent process and is destined for completion by 2015.
http://wn.com/Luxury_Waterfront_Hotel_planned_for_Dunedin
Plans for a five star, 28-storey luxury hotel, proposed for Dunedin's waterfront, have been revealed at Dunedin's Forsyth Barr Stadium. The hotel will position the city as a high-end tourism destination and provide a major boost to the region's economic development. The proposed hotel will be the tallest building in Dunedin by a significant margin providing uninterrupted views across the city either to Swampy Summit or the Otago peninsula. It will comprise both hotel and apartment accommodation, a swimming pool, a rooftop restaurant, car parks and a penthouse presidential suite. The $100 million development is currently going through the resource consent process and is destined for completion by 2015.
- published: 14 May 2012
- views: 1615
- author: Dunedin eNZed
Ghetto Flats In Dunedin
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:36
- Updated: 16 Oct 2012
Ghetto flats, Space, Dunedin, NZ. 2003.
http://wn.com/Ghetto_Flats_In_Dunedin
Kayaking the Leith, Dunedin, 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:46
- Updated: 15 Nov 2012
Flood run on the Leith in downtown Dunedin, New Zealand. August 2012.
http://wn.com/Kayaking_the_Leith,_Dunedin,_2012
Flood run on the Leith in downtown Dunedin, New Zealand. August 2012.
- published: 16 Aug 2012
- views: 2238
- author: unrod222
Polar blast hits Dunedin
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:26
- Updated: 28 Sep 2012
A number of roads have been closed in Dunedin as driving conditions become more dangerous as snow continues to fall across the country.
http://wn.com/Polar_blast_hits_Dunedin
A number of roads have been closed in Dunedin as driving conditions become more dangerous as snow continues to fall across the country.
- published: 25 Jul 2011
- views: 4336
- author: nzheraldtv
VODKA CRUISER ILLUMINATE PAINT PARTY DUNEDIN 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:03
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
HELD AT THE EDGAR CENTRE DUNEDIN JULY 10TH - RE OWEEK SPECIAL! www.facebook.com/paintparty
http://wn.com/VODKA_CRUISER_ILLUMINATE_PAINT_PARTY_DUNEDIN_2012
HELD AT THE EDGAR CENTRE DUNEDIN JULY 10TH - RE OWEEK SPECIAL! www.facebook.com/paintparty
- published: 19 Jul 2012
- views: 1698
- author: Dirty Needlez
EXCLUSIVE: Flash Mob Dunedin
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:07
- Updated: 08 Dec 2012
"Dancing in the Street" flash mob dance that hit the Meridian Mall in Dunedin, New Zealand on the 19th of June 2010.
http://wn.com/EXCLUSIVE_Flash_Mob_Dunedin
"Dancing in the Street" flash mob dance that hit the Meridian Mall in Dunedin, New Zealand on the 19th of June 2010.
- published: 20 Jun 2010
- views: 17740
- author: ForsythBarrStadium
Dunedin Property Management - Mana Property Management The Best Solution
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:37
- Updated: 19 Sep 2012
Visit www.manaproperty.co.nz and learn about their amazing new video walk through technology. It allows prospective tenants to take a virtual walkthrough of any of mana's listings .In some cases people have been able to eliminate the necessity of even visiting the property before choosing to rent it. Mana's new technology offers the very best in Dunedin Property Management solutions for landloards and tenants alike.
http://wn.com/Dunedin_Property_Management_Mana_Property_Management_The_Best_Solution
Visit www.manaproperty.co.nz and learn about their amazing new video walk through technology. It allows prospective tenants to take a virtual walkthrough of any of mana's listings .In some cases people have been able to eliminate the necessity of even visiting the property before choosing to rent it. Mana's new technology offers the very best in Dunedin Property Management solutions for landloards and tenants alike.
- published: 19 Jun 2012
- views: 164
- author: NZPropertyInvestors
![Bus-creeping and Beer! - [Dunedin, New Zealand]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121216053644im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/5w-p0HgYb-0/default.jpg "Bus-creeping and Beer! - [Dunedin, New Zealand]")
Bus-creeping and Beer! - [Dunedin, New Zealand]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:21
- Updated: 13 Dec 2012
Shotover Jet Boat, Kawarau Bridge Bungy , Speights Brewery Tour and a Ghost Walk! Read more at: www.heynadine.com Contiki www.contiki.com Follow Me Twitter- twitter.com Facebook - facebook.com Tumblr - etcnadine.tumblr.com Google + - https Stumbleupon - www.stumbleupon.com Flickr- www.flickr.com Youtube - www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Bus-creeping_and_Beer!_Dunedin,_New_Zealand_
Shotover Jet Boat, Kawarau Bridge Bungy , Speights Brewery Tour and a Ghost Walk! Read more at: www.heynadine.com Contiki www.contiki.com Follow Me Twitter- twitter.com Facebook - facebook.com Tumblr - etcnadine.tumblr.com Google + - https Stumbleupon - www.stumbleupon.com Flickr- www.flickr.com Youtube - www.youtube.com
- published: 13 Feb 2012
- views: 6473
- author: nayders07
All Blacks Captain's Run, Dunedin
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:30
- Updated: 09 Dec 2012
http://wn.com/All_Blacks_Captain's_Run,_Dunedin
Experience Summer Shopping in Dunedin
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:43
- Updated: 08 Dec 2012
Dunedin is the perfect venue for the best girl's weekend away ever! www.dunedinnz.com Do you like your fashion ethical, vintage, local, international, from a bargain bin, hand-made or exquisitely one-off, yet with a distinctive Dunedin flavour? It's all here...but wait, there's more! Add to that world class refreshment stops, the numerous cafés, restaurants and boutique bars and don't miss the renowned art galleries, design stores, theatres, fashion events. Start planning today! Music | Scientific Life - Two Cartoons | twocartoons.com Video By | motionsicknessstudio.com
http://wn.com/Experience_Summer_Shopping_in_Dunedin
Dunedin is the perfect venue for the best girl's weekend away ever! www.dunedinnz.com Do you like your fashion ethical, vintage, local, international, from a bargain bin, hand-made or exquisitely one-off, yet with a distinctive Dunedin flavour? It's all here...but wait, there's more! Add to that world class refreshment stops, the numerous cafés, restaurants and boutique bars and don't miss the renowned art galleries, design stores, theatres, fashion events. Start planning today! Music | Scientific Life - Two Cartoons | twocartoons.com Video By | motionsicknessstudio.com
- published: 08 Nov 2012
- views: 1100
- author: Dunedin eNZed
All Blacks V South Africa, Dunedin, Thursday Team Naming.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:19
- Updated: 09 Dec 2012
http://wn.com/All_Blacks_V_South_Africa,_Dunedin,_Thursday_Team_Naming
Dunedin Blue Jays 2012 8-Bit Play-Off Clinch
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:29
- Updated: 13 Dec 2012
The Dunedin Blue Jays, the class-A minor league affiliate of the Toronto Blue Jays, clinched a Florida State League Northern Divisional Play-Off spot on Sunday, June 20th against the Clearwater Threshers.. Now you can catch them in the post season, at their first home play-off game Wednesday, September 5th, 2012!
http://wn.com/Dunedin_Blue_Jays_2012_8-Bit_Play-Off_Clinch
The Dunedin Blue Jays, the class-A minor league affiliate of the Toronto Blue Jays, clinched a Florida State League Northern Divisional Play-Off spot on Sunday, June 20th against the Clearwater Threshers.. Now you can catch them in the post season, at their first home play-off game Wednesday, September 5th, 2012!
- published: 07 Aug 2012
- views: 19719
- author: DunedinBlueJays
Top 10 Sketches - Dunedin Med Revue 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:01
- Updated: 20 Oct 2012
Top 10 short sketches for Dunedin Med Revue 2011- Murmur Mia!! 0:00 Skitzophrenia 0:19 Euthanasia 1:30 Batman & Robin 1:54 Howard & God 3:12 Glasgow 3:59 Fatty Streaks 5:36 Cold War 6:34 Healthcare in the Community 7:32 Mermaids
http://wn.com/Top_10_Sketches_Dunedin_Med_Revue_2011
Top 10 short sketches for Dunedin Med Revue 2011- Murmur Mia!! 0:00 Skitzophrenia 0:19 Euthanasia 1:30 Batman & Robin 1:54 Howard & God 3:12 Glasgow 3:59 Fatty Streaks 5:36 Cold War 6:34 Healthcare in the Community 7:32 Mermaids
- published: 27 Jun 2012
- views: 685
- author: MedRevueDunedin
Dunedin Orange Festival - Dunk Tank
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:24
- Updated: 14 Jul 2012
Want to see ABC Action News contributor Sean Daly endure the dunk tank? Well - now's your chance! Watch as members of the Dunedin Blue Jays take shots at Sean!
http://wn.com/Dunedin_Orange_Festival_Dunk_Tank
Want to see ABC Action News contributor Sean Daly endure the dunk tank? Well - now's your chance! Watch as members of the Dunedin Blue Jays take shots at Sean!
- published: 07 Jul 2012
- views: 626
- author: ABCActionNews
Cruise to Dunedin, New Zealand
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:23
- Updated: 05 Nov 2012
Discover the best of Dunedin with these onshore activities on a cruise to New Zealand. Plan your trip at www.newzealand.com
http://wn.com/Cruise_to_Dunedin,_New_Zealand
Discover the best of Dunedin with these onshore activities on a cruise to New Zealand. Plan your trip at www.newzealand.com
- published: 14 Dec 2011
- views: 3027
- author: PureNewZealand
Dunedin Music Documentary - "Funky Dunedin" - 1986
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:00
- Updated: 15 Nov 2012
Documentary from 1986 about the diverse range of musical talent in Dunedin, New Zealand. Features Chris Knox, The Netherworld Dancing Toys, Luke Hurley, The Idles, Sneaky Feelings & more.
http://wn.com/Dunedin_Music_Documentary_Funky_Dunedin_1986
Documentary from 1986 about the diverse range of musical talent in Dunedin, New Zealand. Features Chris Knox, The Netherworld Dancing Toys, Luke Hurley, The Idles, Sneaky Feelings & more.
- published: 11 May 2012
- views: 309
- author: chillblue07
Te Rauone Beach - Mini Tsunami - Container Ship - Dunedin, Otago Harbour, New Zealand
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:29
- Updated: 12 Nov 2012
Also see another Video Contship Australis 030303.AVI that's a rush too ! However this 1994 video shows the post mini-tsunami effect of a Container Ship (MV Mairangi Bay)starting (after 4 mins) after it has transited quietly 'Te Rauone Beach' through the Taiaroa Heads channel of Otago Harbour. A similar effect occurs when getting out of a bath and the water is drawn back out and then it charges back in to the space, and in this case it comes as energised waves over the beach and onto the road, leaving detrius (including rocks). Watch the car coming near the end (6 mins), as it gets swamped and the high tide mark effectively for this purpose, becomes the road.
http://wn.com/Te_Rauone_Beach_Mini_Tsunami_Container_Ship_Dunedin,_Otago_Harbour,_New_Zealand
Also see another Video Contship Australis 030303.AVI that's a rush too ! However this 1994 video shows the post mini-tsunami effect of a Container Ship (MV Mairangi Bay)starting (after 4 mins) after it has transited quietly 'Te Rauone Beach' through the Taiaroa Heads channel of Otago Harbour. A similar effect occurs when getting out of a bath and the water is drawn back out and then it charges back in to the space, and in this case it comes as energised waves over the beach and onto the road, leaving detrius (including rocks). Watch the car coming near the end (6 mins), as it gets swamped and the high tide mark effectively for this purpose, becomes the road.
- published: 28 Feb 2012
- views: 3798
- author: Dutchroosters
Dunedin City Tour New Zealand
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:39
- Updated: 16 Dec 2012
The weekly shop for fashion design supplies ♍ Stef's Bio ♍ Influenced by 1960's & 1970's music, acoustic guitar & 60's - 70's covers are a chill out passion. I grew up in London amidst the totally fabulous Flower Power era and now reside on the coastline of the very beautiful Blueskin Bay, Otago, NZ. By day I'm a fashion designer / pattern drafter & create stylish latex garb with my fashion design affair 'ChicSkinz'. I am transgender, 20 years in my chosen lifestyle and am easy going with a passion for all creativity, inner peace & happiness. Thanks for passing by and I sincerely hope that you enjoy some of my songs and videos here. ☼ have a totally fabulous day ☼ Peace, Stef ❂ Below are my two other Youtube channel links ❂ ChicSkinz Designer Latex ßγ Stef www.youtube.com Sojourns ßγ Stef www.youtube.com ✪ Anyone interested in easy going, musical get togethers anywhere from palmerston thru to dunedin, any age or gender, please feel free to message me ✪ ❂ ✉ chicskinz@gmail.com ✉ ❂
http://wn.com/Dunedin_City_Tour_New_Zealand
The weekly shop for fashion design supplies ♍ Stef's Bio ♍ Influenced by 1960's & 1970's music, acoustic guitar & 60's - 70's covers are a chill out passion. I grew up in London amidst the totally fabulous Flower Power era and now reside on the coastline of the very beautiful Blueskin Bay, Otago, NZ. By day I'm a fashion designer / pattern drafter & create stylish latex garb with my fashion design affair 'ChicSkinz'. I am transgender, 20 years in my chosen lifestyle and am easy going with a passion for all creativity, inner peace & happiness. Thanks for passing by and I sincerely hope that you enjoy some of my songs and videos here. ☼ have a totally fabulous day ☼ Peace, Stef ❂ Below are my two other Youtube channel links ❂ ChicSkinz Designer Latex ßγ Stef www.youtube.com Sojourns ßγ Stef www.youtube.com ✪ Anyone interested in easy going, musical get togethers anywhere from palmerston thru to dunedin, any age or gender, please feel free to message me ✪ ❂ ✉ chicskinz@gmail.com ✉ ❂
- published: 11 Apr 2012
- views: 238
- author: TheEggBanjoCafe
photo: AP / Nick Ut
14 Dec 2012
Former President Bill Clinton, President Barack Obama, First Lady Michelle Obama, and Yahoo CEO Marissa Mayer, meet 55-year-old Martha Sellers. For the past nine years, Sellers has worked as a Walmart cashier in Paramount, California ... More than 10,000 community members joined more than 30 striking employees who walked off the job to demand better working conditions. . "It was wonderful ... That's not too much to ask for." ... 1698 ... ....(size: 23.6Kb)
photo: AP / Newtown Bee, Shannon Hicks
15 Dec 2012
The massacre of 26 children and adults at an elementary school in the US state of Connecticut elicited horror and soul-searching around the world even as it raised more basic questions about why the gunman, a 20-year-old described as brilliant but remote, would have been driven to such a crime and how he chose his victims ... He paused for several seconds to keep his composure as he teared up and wiped an eye ... ... "I'm numb ... Yes, yeah....(size: 8.8Kb)
photo: AP / Newtown Bee, Shannon Hicks
15 Dec 2012
Newtown, Conn. Twenty schoolchildren were slaughtered by a heavily armed gunman who opened fire at a suburban elementary school in Connecticut on Friday, ultimately killing at least 27 people including himself in the one of the worst mass shootings in US history ... Authorities found 18 children and seven adults, including the gunman, dead at the school, and two children were pronounced dead later after being taken to a hospital ... Reuters ....(size: 7.5Kb)
photo: AP / Jessica Hill
14 Dec 2012
More than two dozen people, mostly elementary school children, were shot and killed at a Newtown, Conn., elementary school this morning, federal and state sources tell ABC News. The massacre involved two gunmen at a Connecticut school this morning, prompting the town of Newtown to lock down all of its schools and draw SWAT teams to the school, authorities said today. State Police confirm that one shooter is dead ... at ABCNews.com ... ....(size: 4.5Kb)
photo: AP / Jessica Hill
15 Dec 2012
December 15, 2012 -- Updated 0947 GMT (1747 HKT). Newtown, Connecticut (CNN) -- The bodies of children and educators lay where they fell in a Newtown, Connecticut, elementary school -- in classrooms and hallways -- as investigators worked to identity the dead early Saturday while piecing together the path of the gunman ... J. Paul Vance, a spokesman for the Connecticut State Police. Timeline. School violence in U.S ... J ... HIDE CAPTION. << ... 1....(size: 24.9Kb)
The Examiner
16 Dec 2012
The Tampa Yankees traveled to Joker Merchant Stadium on Thursday evening to begin a four game series against the Lakeland Flying Tigers—the last series of the 2012 season. Jose A ... This win along with a loss by the Dunedin Blue Jays on Thursday have put the T-Yanks right back in this and in practically a dead heat for the FSL North Division with just three games left in the season ... ....(size: 1.8Kb)
Otago Daily Times
15 Dec 2012
A major community project will transform Dunedin's harbourside cycleway corridor into a community recreation and exercise zone during the next three years. Launched this month by the Rotary Club of Dunedin, the West Harbour Recreation Trail project will develop about 3km of the cycleway corridor, from the Boat Harbour to Maia ... The work has been done in consultation with the Dunedin City Council....(size: 4.1Kb)
Otago Daily Times
15 Dec 2012
Dunedin city councillors could soon be beaming in their votes by iPad and Skype if a push to increase the use of technology by local authorities finds favour ... The recommendation was met by a mix of cautious optimism in Dunedin, where a digital divide of sorts existed among city councillors ... Dunedin Mayor Dave Cull said he saw merit in the idea, ......(size: 4.2Kb)
Otago Daily Times
15 Dec 2012
An efficiency drive that could spell the end to days of public hearings on councils' annual plans has drawn mixed responses from within the Dunedin City Council ... However, the suggestion public consultation needed to become more efficient drew a mixture of applause and criticism from within the Dunedin City Council on Thursday. Dunedin Mayor Dave Cull ......(size: 5.4Kb)
Stuff
15 Dec 2012
Bevan Small will be bowling through the pain if he makes his return to Central Districts for their Plunket Shield game against Otago in Dunedin on Monday ... "It's pretty bad from ball one basically," he said. "It's just a constant thing at the moment. I can't wait for the day that it's pain free." ... Small joined CD in Dunedin last night and is ready to deal with some discomfort while bowling, having done it for the past two and half years ... ....(size: 2.9Kb)
Stuff
15 Dec 2012
Otago Daily Times
15 Dec 2012
Stuff
15 Dec 2012
MSNBC
15 Dec 2012
A sleep-deprived Port Charlotte man was arrested after deputies said he fired a gun while driving on Interstate-95. Thomas P ... He was held in jail on $15,375 bond. St ... Married Woman Shoots Cancer-Stricken, Live-in Ex-Boyfriend. Authorities ... Intoxicated Man Fired Gun at Dunedin Water Tower ... ....(size: 2.1Kb)
Otago Daily Times
15 Dec 2012
The best thing about Axle is he never barks, he does what he is told, and he never leaves any nasty messes around the place for people to stand in ... A couple of months later, the 17-year-old came up with Axle, which featured in the show My Brilliant Divorce at the Playhouse Theatre in Dunedin ... ''I'm pretty stoked about the award ... ....(size: 2.0Kb)
Otago Daily Times
15 Dec 2012
Families of pupils in East Otago who are no longer eligible for a school bus subsidy have a difficult decision to make about the future of their children's education, Dunedin North Labour MP David Clark says. From the start of 2013, among pupils from the Waikouaiti, Karitane, Warrington and Waitati areas attending a state school, only those going to Logan Park High School will have bus travel subsidised by the Ministry of Education ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
Stuff
15 Dec 2012
OPINION. If the Mayan predictions are true, then this is the last Michael Laws column that you are ever going to read. This time next week, we will either be discovering if there really is life after death, or in the midst of an undefined Apocalypse ... It's like sex ... Ooh, yuck ... I well remember being in Dunedin, as an Otago undergraduate, when a congregation of Elim Pentecostals literally headed for the hills, to await the fiery end ... ....(size: 3.2Kb)
noodls
15 Dec 2012
(Source. New Zealand Golf Association) 15/12/2012. Auckland and Wellington will battle it out in the final of the Toro Women's Interprovincial at the St Clair Golf Club in Dunedin. The defending champions Auckland were too good for the Bay of Plenty in the first semi-final this morning with the match all over before it reached the 15thhole ... Toro Women's Interprovincial Final, 1pm. Auckland v Wellington. Semi-final results ... distributed by....(size: 4.0Kb)
For other uses, see Dunedin (disambiguation).
| Dunedin Ōtepoti (Māori) |
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| — Metropolitan Area — | |||
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| Nickname(s): Edinburgh of the South[1] Dunners (colloquial)[2] |
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 Dunedin
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| Coordinates: 45°52′S 170°30′E / 45.867°S 170.5°E / -45.867; 170.5 | |||
| Country |  New Zealand |
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| Region | Otago | ||
| Territorial authority | Dunedin City | ||
| Settled by Māori | c. 1300[3] | ||
| Settled by Europeans | 1848 | ||
| Incorporated[4] | 1855 | ||
| Named for | Dùn Èideann – Scottish Gaelic name for Edinburgh | ||
| Electorates | Dunedin North Dunedin South |
||
| Government[5] | |||
| • Mayor | Dave Cull | ||
| • Deputy Mayor | Chris Staynes | ||
| Area | |||
| • Territorial | 3,314 km2 (1,280 sq mi) | ||
| • Urban | 255 km2 (98 sq mi) | ||
| Population (June 2011 estimate)[6] | |||
| • Territorial | 126,000 | ||
| • Density | 38/km2 (98/sq mi) | ||
| • Urban | 117,700 | ||
| • Urban density | 460/km2 (1,200/sq mi) | ||
| Demonym | Dunedinite | ||
| Time zone | NZST (UTC+12) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | NZDT (UTC+13) | ||
| Postcode | 9010, 9011, 9012, 9013, 9014, 9016, 9018, 9022, 9023, 9024, 9035, 9076, 9077, 9081, 9082, 9092 | ||
| Area code(s) | 03 | ||
| Website | www.dunedin.govt.nz | ||
Dunedin (/dʌˈniːdɨn/ ( listen) du-NEE-dən; Māori: Ōtepoti) is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the principal city of the Otago Region. While Tauranga and Hamilton have eclipsed the city in population in recent years, it is considered to be one of the four main urban centres of New Zealand for historic, cultural, and geographic reasons.[7] Dunedin was the largest city by territorial land area until superseded by Auckland on the creation of the Auckland Council in November 2010. Dunedin was the largest city in New Zealand by population until about 1900.
The Dunedin urban area lies on the central-eastern coast of Otago, surrounding the head of Otago Harbour. The harbour and hills around Dunedin are the remnants of an extinct volcano. The city suburbs extend out into the surrounding valleys and hills, onto the isthmus of the Otago Peninsula, and along the shores of the Otago Harbour and the Pacific Ocean.
The city's largest industry is tertiary education – Dunedin is home to the University of Otago, New Zealand's first university (1869), and the Otago Polytechnic. Students account for a large proportion of the population: 21.6 percent of the city's population was aged between 15 and 24 at the 2006 census, compared to the New Zealand average of 14.2 percent.[8]
Contents |
History[link]
Main article: History of Dunedin
Māori settlements[link]
Archaeological evidence shows the first human (Māori) occupation of New Zealand occurred between AD 1250–1300,[3] with population concentrated along the southeast coast.[9] A camp site at Kaikai's Beach, near Otago Heads, has been dated from about that time.[10] There are numerous archaic (moa hunter) sites in what is now Dunedin, several of them large and permanently occupied, particularly in the 14th century.[11] The population contracted but expanded again with the evolution of the Classic culture which saw the building of several pā, fortified settlements, notably Pukekura at (Taiaroa Head), about 1650.[12] There was a settlement in what is now central Dunedin (Ōtepoti) occupied as late as about 1785 but abandoned by 1826.[13]
Maori tradition tells first of a people called Kahui Tipua living in the area, then Te Rapuwai, semi-legendary but considered to be historical. The next arrivals were Waitaha followed by Kāti Mamoe late in the 16th century and then Kai Tahu (Ngai Tahu in modern standard Māori) who arrived in the mid 17th century.[14] These migration waves have often been represented as 'invasions' in European accounts but modern scholarship has cast doubt on that. They were probably migrations like those of the European which incidentally resulted in bloodshed.[15]
The sealer John Boultbee recorded in the 1820s that the 'Kaika Otargo' (settlements around and near Otago Harbour) were the oldest and largest in the south.[16]
European settlement[link]
Lieutenant James Cook stood off what is now the coast of Dunedin between February 25, 1770 and March 5, 1770, naming Cape Saunders on the Otago Peninsula and Saddle Hill. He reported penguins and seals in the vicinity, which led sealers to visit from the beginning of the 19th century.[17] The early years of sealing saw a feud between sealers and local Maori, from 1810–1823, the "Sealers' War" sparked by an incident on Otago Harbour, but William Tucker became the first European to settle in the area in 1815.[18] Permanent European occupation dates from 1831 when the Weller brothers founded their whaling station at Otago, modern Otakou, on the Otago Harbour. Epidemics badly reduced the Maori population. By the late 1830s, the harbour was an international whaling port. Johnny Jones established a farming settlement and a mission station, the South Island's first, at Waikouaiti in 1840.[19]
In 1844, the Deborah, captained by Thomas Wing and carrying, among others his wife Lucy and a representative of the New Zealand Company, Frederick Tuckett, came south to determine the location of a free church settlement.[20] After inspecting several areas around the eastern coast of the south island, Tuckett selected the site which would become known as Dunedin.[21] Tuckett turned down the site, which would become Christchurch, as he felt the ground around the Avon river was swampy.
The Lay Association of the Free Church of Scotland founded Dunedin at the head of Otago Harbour in 1848 as the principal town of its special settlement. The name comes from Dùn Èideann, the Scottish Gaelic name for Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland.[14] Charles Kettle the city's surveyor, instructed to emulate the characteristics of Edinburgh, produced a striking, 'Romantic' design.[22] The result was both grand and quirky streets as the builders struggled and sometimes failed to construct his bold vision across the challenging landscape. Captain William Cargill, a veteran of the war against Napoleon, was the secular leader. The Reverend Thomas Burns, a nephew of the poet Robert Burns, was the spiritual guide.
Gold rush era[link]
In 1852, Dunedin became the capital of the Otago Province, the whole of New Zealand from the Waitaki south. In 1861 the discovery of gold at Gabriel's Gully, to the southwest, led to a rapid influx of people and saw Dunedin become New Zealand's first city by growth of population in 1865. The new arrivals included many Irish, but also Italians, French, Germans, Jews and Chinese.[23] The Dunedin Southern Cemetery was established in 1858, the Dunedin Northern Cemetery in 1872.[24]
Dunedin and the region industrialised and consolidated and the Main South Line connected the city with Christchurch in 1878 and Invercargill in 1879. Otago Boys' High School was founded in 1863. The University of Otago, the oldest university in New Zealand, in 1869.[25] Otago Girls' High School was established in 1871. Between 1881 and 1957, Dunedin was home to cable trams, being both one of the first and last such systems in the world. Early in the 1880s the inauguration of the frozen meat industry, with the first shipment leaving from Port Chalmers in 1882, saw the beginning of a later great national industry.[26]
After ten years of gold rushes the economy slowed but Julius Vogel's immigration and development scheme brought thousands more especially to Dunedin and Otago before recession set in again in the 1880s. In these first and second times of prosperity many institutions and businesses were established, New Zealand's first daily newspaper, art school, medical school and public art gallery the Dunedin Public Art Gallery among them.[27] There was also a remarkable architectural flowering producing many substantial and ornamental buildings. R.A. Lawson's First Church of Otago and Knox Church are notable examples, as are buildings by Maxwell Bury and F.W. Petre. The other visual arts also flourished under the leadership of W. M. Hodgkins.[28] The city's landscape and burgeoning townscape were vividly portrayed by George O'Brien 1821–1888.[29] From the mid 1890s the economy revived. Institutions such as the Otago Settlers Museum and the Hocken Collections – the first of their kind in New Zealand – were founded. More notable buildings such as the Railway Station and Olveston were erected. New energy in the visual arts represented by G.P. Nerli culminated in the career of Frances Hodgkins.[30]
Early Modern era[link]
File:Historic Dunedin Botanic Gardens.jpg
Historic panorama of the Botanical Gardens.
By 1900, Dunedin was no longer the country's biggest city. Influence and activity moved north to the other centres ("the drift north"), a trend which continued for much of the following century. Despite this, the university continued to expand, and a student quarter became established. At the same time people started to notice Dunedin's mellowing, the ageing of its grand old buildings, with writers like E.H. McCormick pointing out its atmospheric charm.[31] In the 1930s and early 1940s a new generation of artists such as M.T. (Toss) Woollaston, Doris Lusk, Anne Hamblett, Colin McCahon and Patrick Hayman once again represented the best of the country's talent. The Second World War saw the dispersal of these painters, but not before McCahon had met a very youthful poet, James K. Baxter, in a central city studio.
Numerous large companies had been established in Dunedin, many of which became national leaders. Late among them was Fletcher Construction, founded by Sir James Fletcher in the early 20th century. Kempthorne Prosser, established in 1879 in Stafford Street, was the largest fertiliser and drug manufacturer in the country for over 100 years. G. Methven, a metalworking and tap manufacturer based in South Dunedin, was also a leading firm, as was H. E. Shacklock, an iron founder and appliance manufacturer later taken over by the Auckland concern Fisher and Paykel. The Mosgiel Woollens was another Victorian Dunedin foundation. Hallensteins was the colloquial name of a menswear manufacturer and national retail chain while the DIC and Arthur Barnett were department stores, the former a nationwide concern. Coulls, Somerville Wilkie – later part of the Whitcoulls group – had its origins in Dunedin in the 19th century. There were also the National Mortgage and Agency Company, Wright Stephensons Limited, the Union Steamship Company and the National Insurance Company and the Standard Insurance Company among many others, which survived into the 20th century.
Post War developments[link]
After World War II prosperity and population growth revived, although Dunedin trailed as the fourth 'main centre'. A generation reacting against Victorianism started demolishing its buildings and many were lost, notably William Mason's Stock Exchange in 1969. (Dunedin Stock Exchange building) Although the university continued to expand, the city's population contracted, notably from 1976 to 1981. This was, however, a culturally vibrant time with the university's new privately endowed arts fellowships bringing such luminaries as James K Baxter, Ralph Hotere, Janet Frame, and Hone Tuwhare to the city.
During the 1980s Dunedin's popular music scene blossomed, with many acts, such as The Chills, The Clean, The Verlaines, and Straitjacket Fits, gaining national and international recognition. The term "The Dunedin Sound" was coined to describe the 1960s-influenced, guitar-led music which flourished at the time.[32] Bands and musicians are still playing and recording in many styles.
By 1990, population decline had steadied and slow growth has occurred since and Dunedin re-invented itself as a 'heritage city' with its main streets refurbished in Victorian style.[33] R.A. Lawson's Municipal Chambers (Dunedin Town Hall) in the Octagon were handsomely restored. The city was also recognised as a centre of excellence in tertiary education and research. The university's and polytechnic's growth accelerated. Dunedin has continued to refurbish itself, embarking on redevelopments of the art gallery railway station and the Otago Settlers Museum.
The city has a population of 126,000 (June 2011 estimate).
Dunedin has flourishing niche industries including engineering, software engineering, bio-technology and fashion. Port Chalmers on the Otago Harbour provides Dunedin with deep-water facilities. It is served by the Port Chalmers Branch, a branch line railway which diverges from the Main South Line and runs from Christchurch by way of Dunedin to Invercargill. Dunedin is also home to MTF, the nationwide vehicle finance company.
The cityscape glitters with gems of Victorian and Edwardian architecture – the legacy of the city's gold-rush affluence. Many, including First Church, Otago Boys' High School and Larnach Castle were designed by one of New Zealand's most eminent architects R A Lawson. Other prominent buildings include Olveston and the Dunedin Railway Station. Other unusual or memorable buildings or constructions are Baldwin Street, claimed to be the world's steepest street; the Captain Cook tavern; Cadbury Chocolate Factory (Cadbury World); and the local Speight's brewery.
Dunedin is also a centre for ecotourism. The world's only mainland Royal Albatross colony and several penguin and seal colonies lie within the city boundaries on the Otago Peninsula. To the south, on the western side of Lake Waihola, are the Sinclair Wetlands.
The thriving tertiary student population has led to a vibrant youth culture (students are referred to as 'Scarfies' by people who are not students), consisting of the previously mentioned music scene, and more recently a burgeoning boutique fashion industry.[34][35] A strong visual arts community also exists in Dunedin, notably in Port Chalmers and the other settlements which dot the coast of the Otago Harbour, and also in communities such as Waitati.
Sport is catered for in Dunedin by the floodlit rugby and cricket venue of Carisbrook, the new roofed Forsyth Barr stadium, the new Caledonian Ground soccer and athletics stadium near the University at Logan Park, the large Edgar Centre indoor sports centre, the University Oval cricket ground, the Dunedin Ice Stadium, and numerous golf courses and parks. There are also the Forbury Park horseracing circuit in the south of the city and several others within a few kilometres. St Clair Beach is a well-known surfing venue, and the harbour basin is popular with windsurfers and kitesurfers. Dunedin has four public swimming pools: Moana Pool, Port Chalmers Pool, Mosgiel, and St Clair Salt Water Pool.
Geography[link]
Dunedin City has a land area of 3,314.8 square kilometres (1,279.9 sq mi), slightly smaller than the American state of Rhode Island or the English county of Cambridgeshire, and a little smaller than Cornwall. It was the largest city in land area in New Zealand until the formation of the 5,600 km2 (2,200 sq mi) Auckland Council on 1 November 2010. The Dunedin City Council boundaries since 1989 have extended to Middlemarch in the west, Waikouaiti in the north, the Pacific Ocean in the east and south-east, and the Waipori/Taieri River and the township of Henley in the south-west.
Dunedin is the farthest city in the world from London at 19,100 km (11,870 mi) (90 km (56 mi) more than Invercargill, and 100 km (62 mi) more than Christchurch), and from Berlin at 18,200 km (11,310 mi). Its antipodes are some 300 km (190 mi) north of the Spanish city of A Coruña.
Inner city[link]
The heart of the city lies on the relatively flat land to the west of the head of the Otago Harbour. Here is The Octagon – once a gully, filled in the mid nineteenth century to create the present plaza. The initial settlement of the city took place to the south on the other side of Bell Hill, a large outcrop which had to be reduced in order to provide easy access between the two parts of the settlement. The central city stretches away from this point in a largely northeast-southwest direction, with the main streets of George Street and Princes Street meeting at The Octagon. Here they are joined by Stuart Street, which runs orthogonally to them, from the Dunedin Railway Station in the southeast, and steeply up to the suburb of Roslyn in the northwest. Many of the city's notable old buildings are located in the southern part of this area and on the inner ring of lower hills which surround the central city (most of these hills, such as Maori Hill, Pine Hill, and Maryhill, rise to some 200 metres (660 ft) above the plain).
Dunedin is home to Baldwin Street, which, according to the Guinness Book of Records, is the steepest street in the world. Its gradient is 1 in 2.9.[36] The long since abandoned Maryhill Cablecar route had a similar gradient close to its Mornington depot.
Beyond the inner range of hills lie Dunedin's outer suburbs, notably to the northwest, beyond Roslyn. This direction contains Taieri Road and Three Mile Hill, which between them formed the original road route to the Taieri Plains. The modern State Highway 1 follows a different route, passing through Caversham in the west and out past Saddle Hill. Lying between Saddle Hill and Caversham are the outer suburbs of Green Island and Abbotsford. Between Green Island and Roslyn lies the steep-sided valley of the Kaikorai Stream, which is today a residential and light industrial area. Suburban settlements – mostly regarded as separate townships – also lie along both edges of the Otago Harbour. Notable among these are Portobello and Macandrew Bay, on the Otago Peninsula coast, and Port Chalmers on the opposite side of the harbour. Port Chalmers provides Dunedin's main deep-water port, including the city's container port.
The Dunedin skyline is dominated by a ring of (traditionally seven) hills which form the remnants of a volcanic crater. Notable among them are Mount Cargill (700 m/2,300 ft), Flagstaff (680 m/2,230 ft), Saddle Hill (480 m/1,570 ft), Signal Hill (390 m/1,280 ft), and Harbour Cone (320 m/1,050 ft).[37]
Hinterland[link]
Dunedin's hinterland encompasses a variety of different landforms. To the southwest lie the Taieri Plains, the broad, fertile lowland floodplains of the Taieri River and its major tributary the Waipori. These are moderately heavily settled, and contain the towns of Mosgiel, East Taieri, and Allanton.[37] They are separated from the coast by a range of low hills rising to some 300 metres (980 ft). Inland from the Taieri Plain is rough hill country. Close to the plain, much of this is forested, notably around Berwick and Lake Mahinerangi, and also around the Silverpeaks Range which lies northwest of the Dunedin urban area.[38] Beyond this, the land becomes drier and opens out into grass and tussock-covered land. A high, broad valley, the Strath-Taieri lies in Dunedin's far northwest, containing the town of Middlemarch, one of the area's few concentrations of population.
To the north of the city's urban area is undulating hill country containing several small, mainly coastal, settlements, including Waitati, Warrington, Seacliff and Waikouaiti. State Highway 1 winds steeply through a series of hills here, notably The Kilmog.[37] These hills can be considered a coastal extension of the Silverpeaks Range.
To the east, Dunedin City includes the entirety of the Otago Peninsula, a long finger of land that formed the southeastern rim of the Dunedin Volcano.[37] The peninsula is lightly settled, almost entirely along the harbour coast, and much of it is maintained as a natural habitat by the Otago Peninsula Trust. The peninsula contains several fine beaches, and is home to a considerable number of rare species, such as penguins, seals, and shags. Most importantly, it contains the world's only mainland breeding colony of Royal Albatross, at Taiaroa Head on the peninsula's northeastern point.
List of suburbs[link]
Main article: Suburbs of Dunedin
Inner suburbs
(clockwise from the city centre, starting at due north)
Woodhaugh; Glenleith; Leith Valley; Dalmore; Liberton; Pine Hill; Normanby; Mt Mera; North East Valley; Opoho; Dunedin North; Ravensbourne; Highcliff; Shiel Hill; Challis; Waverley; Vauxhall; Ocean Grove (Tomahawk); Tainui; Andersons Bay; Musselburgh; South Dunedin; St Kilda; St Clair; Corstorphine; Kew; Forbury; Caversham; Concord; Maryhill; Kenmure; Mornington; Kaikorai Valley; City Rise; Belleknowes; Roslyn, Otago; Kaikorai; Wakari; Maori Hill.
Outer suburbs
(clockwise from the city centre, starting at due north)
Burkes; Saint Leonards; Deborah Bay; Careys Bay; Port Chalmers; Sawyers Bay; Roseneath; Broad Bay; Company Bay; Macandrew Bay; Portobello; Burnside; Green Island; Waldronville; Brighton; Westwood; Brighton; Saddle Hill; Sunnyvale; Fairfield; Mosgiel; Abbotsford; Bradford; Brockville; Halfway Bush; Helensburgh.
Towns within city limits[link]
(clockwise from the city centre, starting at due north)
Waitati; Waikouaiti; Karitane; Seacliff; Warrington; Purakanui; Long Beach; Aramoana; Otakou; Taieri Mouth; Henley; Allanton; East Taieri; Momona; Outram; West Taieri; Waipori; Middlemarch; Hyde.
Since local council reorganisation in the late 1980s, these are suburbs, but are not commonly regarded as such.
Climate[link]
The climate of Dunedin in general is temperate, however the city is recognised as having a large number of microclimates and the weather conditions often vary between suburbs mostly due to the city's topographical layout.[citation needed] It is also greatly modified by its proximity to the ocean. This leads to warm summers and relatively mild winters. Winter can occasionally be frosty but sunny, and significant snowfall is uncommon (perhaps every two or three years), except in the inland hill suburbs such as Halfway Bush and Wakari, which tend to receive a few days of snowfall each year. Spring can feature "four seasons in a day" weather, but from November to April it is generally settled and mild. Temperatures during summer can reach over 30 °C (86 °F)
Dunedin has relatively low rainfall in comparison to many of New Zealand's cities, with only some 750 millimetres (30 in) recorded per year. Despite this fact it is sometimes misguidedly regarded as a damp city,[citation needed] probably due to its rainfall occurring in drizzle or light rain (heavy rain is relatively rare). Dunedin is one of the cloudiest major centres in the country, recording approximately 1650 hours of bright sunshine per annum [39] Prevailing wind in the city is mainly a sometimes cool southwesterly and during late spring will alternate with northeasterlies.[40] Warmer, dry northwest winds are also characteristic Foehn winds from the northwest. The circle of hills surrounding the inner city shelters the inner city from much of the prevailing weather, while hills just to the west of the city can often push inclement weather around to the west of the city.
Inland, beyond the heart of the city and into Inland Otago the climate is sub-continental: winters are quite cold and dry, summers hot and dry. Thick freezing ground fogs are common in winter in the upper reaches of the Taieri River's course around Middlemarch, and in summer the temperature sometimes reaches into the mid-30s Celsius.
| Climate data for Dunedin | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 18.9 (66.0) |
18.7 (65.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
15.5 (59.9) |
12.6 (54.7) |
10.2 (50.4) |
9.8 (49.6) |
11.0 (51.8) |
12.8 (55.0) |
14.6 (58.3) |
16.1 (61.0) |
17.4 (63.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 15.2 (59.4) |
15.1 (59.2) |
13.7 (56.7) |
11.9 (53.4) |
9.2 (48.6) |
7.0 (44.6) |
6.5 (43.7) |
7.5 (45.5) |
9.3 (48.7) |
10.9 (51.6) |
12.4 (54.3) |
13.9 (57.0) |
11.0 (51.8) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 11.5 (52.7) |
11.4 (52.5) |
10.2 (50.4) |
8.3 (46.9) |
5.7 (42.3) |
3.8 (38.8) |
3.2 (37.8) |
4.1 (39.4) |
5.7 (42.3) |
7.2 (45.0) |
8.6 (47.5) |
10.4 (50.7) |
7.5 (45.5) |
| Rainfall mm (inches) | 72 (2.83) |
63 (2.48) |
70 (2.76) |
60 (2.36) |
72 (2.83) |
74 (2.91) |
69 (2.72) |
65 (2.56) |
53 (2.09) |
71 (2.8) |
63 (2.48) |
82 (3.23) |
812 (31.97) |
| % humidity | 73.1 | 77.0 | 76.3 | 77.2 | 78.0 | 79.0 | 80.2 | 78.1 | 74.2 | 71.8 | 71.4 | 73.1 | 75.8 |
| Avg. rainy days (≥ 1mm) | 10 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 124 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 178 | 153 | 140 | 121 | 100 | 86 | 101 | 114 | 129 | 147 | 161 | 169 | 1,585 |
| Source: NIWA CliFlo data Musselburgh[41] | |||||||||||||
Demographics[link]
Compared to New Zealand as a whole, Dunedin's demographics tend to show traits of the New Zealand education sector, largely caused by the city's high tertiary student population. These traits include a higher female population compared to males, a lower-than-average median age, a high proportion of people under 25 years, a higher proportion of people of European and Asian ethnicity and a lower proportion of Maori and Pacific Island ethnicities, higher unemployment, lower median income, and a higher proportion of those with school and post-school qualifications.[8]
At the 2006 census, Dunedin City had a residential population of 118,683, an increase of 4,341, or 3.8 percent, since the 2001 census. There were 45,072 occupied dwellings, 3,615 unoccupied dwellings, and 240 dwellings under construction.[8]
Of the residential population, 56,931 (48.0%) were male compared to 48.8% nationally, and 61,752 (52.0%) were female, compared to 51.2% nationally. The city had a median age of 35.0 years, 0.9 years below the national median age of 35.9 years. People aged 65 and over made up 13.4% of the population, compared to 12.3% nationally, and people under 15 years made up 16.8%, compared to 21.5% nationally. Due to the large tertiary education sector, people aged between 15 and 24 made up approximately 21.6% of the city's residential population.[8]
Dunedin's ethnicity is made up of (national figures in brackets): 78.7% European (67.6%), 6.4% Maori (14.7%), 5.3% Asian (9.2%), 2.2% Pacific Islanders (6.9%), 0.7% Middle Eastern/Latin American/African (0.9%), 13.6% 'New Zealanders' (11.1%), and 0.04% Other (0.04%).[8]
Dunedin had an unemployment rate of 6.1% of people 15 years and over, compared to 5.1% nationally. The median annual income of all people 15 years and over was $19,400, compared to $24,400 nationally. Of those, 51.2% earned under $20,000, compared to 43.2% nationally, while 13.4% earned over $50,000, compared to 18.0% nationally.[8]
Government[link]
Local[link]
File:Dave Cull-Blueskin News.jpg
Dave Cull, current Mayor of Dunedin.
The Dunedin City Council (DCC) governs the Dunedin City territorial authority. It is made up of an elected mayor, a deputy mayor/councillor, and 13 additional councillors. They are elected under the Single Transferable Vote system in triennial elections, with the most recent election held on 9 October 2010, and the next due on 12 October 2013.
As of 9 October 2010, the current council members are:-
| Mayor | Dave Cull |
| Councillors – Central Ward | Bill Acklin John Bezett Fliss Butcher Neil Collins Paul Hudson Jinty MacTavish Chris Staynes Teresa Stevenson Richard Thompson Lee Vandervis Colin Weatherall |
| Councillors – Mosgiel-Taieri ward | Syd Brown Kate Wilson |
| Councillor – Waikouaiti Coast-Chalmers ward | Andrew Noone |
National[link]
Dunedin is covered by two general electorates: Dunedin North and Dunedin South, and one Maori electorate: Te Tai Tonga.
The city in general is a stronghold of the New Zealand Labour Party, having won the Dunedin-based electorate seats continuously since the 1978 election. As of the 2011 general election, both general electorates are held by the party, with David Clark representing Dunedin North and Clare Curran representing Dunedin South. The Maori electorate Te Tai Tonga, which covers the entire South Island and part of Wellington in the North Island, is currently also held by the Labour Party and represented by Rino Tirikatene.
In addition to electorate MPs, Dunedin is the home to two list MPs, both based in Dunedin North but representing both general electorates: Metiria Turei, co-leader of the Green Party, and Michael Woodhouse of the National Party.
Culture[link]
Visual arts[link]
Dunedin has a substantial public art gallery, the Dunedin Public Art Gallery, in the Octagon. The city contains numerous other galleries, including over a dozen dealer galleries (many of which are found south of the Octagon along Princes Street, Moray Place and Rattray Street. There are also several more experimental art spaces, notably the Blue Oyster Gallery in Moray Place.
Many notable artists have strong links with Dunedin, among them Ralph Hotere, Frances Hodgkins, Grahame Sydney, and Jeffrey Harris.
Theatre[link]
Dunedin hosts the world's southernmost professional theatre company: The Fortune Theatre, as well as having a large theatre venue, the Regent Theatre in the Octagon. Smaller theatres in Dunedin include the Globe Theatre, the Mayfair Theatre, and the Playhouse Theatre.
Dance[link]
Dunedin is a regular venue for touring ballet and dance companies, and also has multiple dance studios.
Music[link]
Choirs[link]
Dunedin is home to many choirs. These include the following:
- The 140-member City of Dunedin Choir is Dunedin's leading performer of large-scale choral works. The Southern Consort of Voices is a smaller choir regularly performing Choral Works.
- The Royal Dunedin Male Choir, conducted by Richard Madden, performs two concerts a year, and the Dunedin RSA Choir also regularly performs concerts.
- The all-female Dunedin Harmony Singers are an important part of the Dunedin culture.
- The Southern Children's Choir, based in Marama Hall in the university, is Dunedin's main children's choir. Most schools in Dunedin have choirs, many having more than one. Notable school choirs include the Sacred Heart School Choir, the Balmacewen Intermediate School Special Choir, the Barock Choir of Otago Boys' High School and Otago Girls' High School, and also the St. Hilda's Collegiate Madrigal Choir.
- The Southern Youth Choir is a concert-based youth choir, as is the charitable Cothram Foirfe.
- The University of Otago is home to three official choirs: the two chapel choirs (Knox and Selwyn), and the travelling Cantores choir.
- Several Dunedin Churches and Cathedrals hold choirs. Among these are St. Joseph's Catholic Cathedral, home to two choirs: the Cathedral Choir and the Gabrieli Singers; Knox Church's large mixed gender choir for adults and children, the Knox Church Choir; St. John's Church, Roslyn's small mixed-gender parish choir; and St. Paul's Anglican Cathedral's mixed-gender adult choir.
Instrumental classical and jazz ensembles[link]
The Southern Sinfonia is a semi-professional orchestra based in Dunedin. Other instrumental ensembles include the Rare Byrds early music ensemble, the Collegiate Orchestra, and the Dunedin Youth Orchestra. Many schools also hold school orchestras and bands. There are also three brass bands in Dunedin: St. Kilda Brass, Kaikorai Brass,and Mosgiel Brass. The Otago Symphonic Band and City of Dunedin Pipe Band are also important Dunedin musical ensembles. Jazz bands include the City of Dunedin Jazz Orchestra, and the tricentenary Zimbe! Quintet.
Popular music[link]
Dunedin lends its name to the Dunedin Sound, a form of indie rock music which was created in the city in the 1980s. At that time, Dunedin was a fertile ground for bands, many of whom recorded on the Flying Nun Records label, based in Christchurch. Among the bands with strong Dunedin connections at this time were The Chills, The Clean, The Verlaines, The Bats, Sneaky Feelings, and Straitjacket Fits, all of which had significant followings throughout New Zealand and on the college radio circuit in the United States and Europe.
Sport[link]
Major teams[link]
- The Highlanders – Super Rugby rugby union team (represents Otago & Southland regions)
- Otago Rugby Football Union – ITM Cup rugby union team
- Otago Volts and Otago Sparks – men's and women's cricket teams
- Southern Steel – ANZ Championship netball team (represents Otago & Southland Netball- Based in Invercargill)
- Otago United – association football team in the New Zealand Football Championship
- Otago Nuggets – National Basketball League team
- Dunedin Thunder- New Zealand Ice Hockey League team
Major grounds and stadiums[link]
- Caledonian Ground
- Carisbrook Notable for being the southernmost venue on the planet that hosts Test Cricket
- Dunedin Ice Stadium
- The Edgar Centre
- Forbury Park Raceway
- Forsyth Barr Stadium at University Plaza
- Logan Park
- Moana Pool
- Tonga Park
- University Oval
Media[link]
The major daily newspaper is the Otago Daily Times, which is also the country's oldest daily newspaper and part of the Allied Press group. Weekly and bi-weekly community newspapers include The Star, Taieri Herald, D-Scene, *INK (successor to the now defunct f*INK) (entertainment), and student magazines Critic (University of Otago) and Gyro (Otago Polytechnic).
The city is served by all major national radio and television stations. The city's main terrestrial television (analogue and digital) and FM radio transmitter sits atop Mount Cargill, north of the city, while the city's main AM transmitter is located at Highcliff, east of the city centre on the Otago Peninsula. Local radio stations include Radio Dunedin, community station Toroa Radio (formerly Hills AM), and the university's radio station, Radio One. The city has one local television station, Channel 9, part of Allied Press.
The city is home to several prominent media-related production companies, notably Natural History New Zealand and Taylormade Media.
The city was once home to the head offices of Radio Otago – now called Radioworks (part of Mediaworks) and based in Auckland. It was also formerly the home to several now-defunct newspapers, prominent among which were the Otago Witness and the Evening Star.
Transport[link]
See also: Public transport in Dunedin
The Dunedin urban area is served by two State Highways, with an additional two State Highways and one tourist route serving other parts of the district. The main State Highway in Dunedin is State Highway 1, which runs in a north to south-west direction through the middle of the city, connecting Dunedin with Invercargill to the south and Timaru and Christchurch to the north. Between The Oval and Mosgiel, State Highway 1 follows the eleven-kilometre Dunedin Southern Motorway. Other State Highways in the city are: State Highway 86 connecting SH 1 at Allanton with Dunedin International Airport, State Highway 87 connecting SH 1 at Kinmont with SH 85 at Kyeburn via Middlemarch, serving the Dunedin city hinterland, and State Highway 88 connecting central Dunedin to the citys port facilities at Port Chalmers. Dunedin is the northeastern terminus of the Southern Scenic Route, a tourist highway connecting Dunedin to Te Anau via The Catlins, Invercargill and Fiordland.
Buses in Dunedin are organised by the Otago Regional Council under the GoBus brand. A total of 64 buses operate on 17 weekday routes and 13 weeknight/weekend/holiday routes across the city. Buses are run by two operators, Ritchies Transport with two routes and private Invercargill-based operator Passenger Transport with the remainders. Dunedin City Council-owned operator Citibus was a major player until 2011 when Passenger Transport(New Zealand) purchased Citibus from Dunedin City Holdings. In addition, Mosgiel Coach Services operate a loop service in Mosgiel on weekdays.
Dunedin Railway Station, located east of the Octagon, is the city's main railway station. Once the nation's busiest, decline in rail over the years saw the withdrawal of most services. Suburban services ceased in 1982, and the last regular commercial passenger train to serve Dunedin, The Southerner, was cancelled in February 2002. The Taieri Gorge Railway currently operates tourist-orientated services from the station, the most prominent of which is the Taieri Gorge Limited, a popular and famous train operated daily along the former Otago Central Railway through the scenic Taieri Gorge. Taieri Gorge Railway also operates to Palmerston once weekly. The station is also sometimes visited by excursions organised by other heritage railway societies, and by trains chartered by cruise ships docking at Port Chalmers.
Dunedin International Airport is located 30 km (18.64 mi) southwest of the city, on the Taieri Plains at Momona. The airport operates a single terminal and 1,900-metre (6,200 ft) runway, and is the third-busiest airport in the South Island, after Christchurch and Queenstown. It is primarily used for domestic flights, with regular flights to and from Auckland, Christchurch, Wellington, Rotorua, Palmerston North, and seasonal flights to and from Queenstown, Wanaka, and Fiordland, but it also has international flights arriving from and departing to Brisbane year round and seasonally to Sydney and Melbourne. In recent years, a decline in International passengers can be attributed to less international flights operating direct to the airport. Ferries operated between Port Chalmers and Portobello in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[42] Occasional calls have been made to revive them, and a non-profit organisation, Otago ferries Inc., has been set up to examine the logistics of restoring one of the original ferries and again using it for this route.[43]
In 1866, plans were made for a bridge across the Otago Harbour between Port Chalmers and Portobello,[44] but this grand scheme for an 1140-metre structure never eventuated. Plans were also mooted during the 1870s for a canal between the Pacific coast at Tomahawk and Andersons Bay, close to the head of the harbour.[45] This scheme also never came to fruition.
Panoramas[link]
Notable people[link]
Main article: Notable people from Dunedin
Events[link]
Annual events[link]
- January – Whare Flat Folk Festival ends
- January – Southern Festival of Speed classic car road-race
- February – New Zealand Masters Games (Biennial event)
- February – Otago University Students' Association & Otago Polytechnic Orientation Weeks
- February – Dunedin Summer Festival
- March – Fringe Festival
- March – Id Dunedin Fashion Show (to be run in early April in 2010)
- May – Capping week (University of Otago) including the Capping Show run by the Otago University Students' Association
- May – Otago Rally
- May – Regent Theatre 24-hour book sale (reputedly the southern hemisphere's largest regularly held second-hand book sale)[46]
- June - Dunedin Midwinter Carnival
- July – New Zealand International Science Festival (every second year)
- July – Taste Otago Dunedin Food and Wine Festival
- July – Cadbury Chocolate Carnival
- July- Dunedin International Film Festival
- August/September The German play at Otago University
- August/September – Undie 500
- September - Moro Marathon
- October – Otago Festival of the Arts – every second year (even numbered years)
- October – Rhododendron Week
- December – Samstock Music Festival
- December – Santa Parade
- December – Whare Flat Folk Festival begins
- December – New Year's Eve Party Octagon
Past events[link]
- 1865 – New Zealand Exhibition (1865)
- 1889 – New Zealand and South Seas Exhibition (1889)
- 1898 – Otago Jubilee Industrial Exhibition (1898)
- 1925 – New Zealand and South Seas International Exhibition (1925)
Main sights[link]
- Dunedin Railway Station
- Dunedin Town Hall
- Larnach Castle
- Cargill's Castle
- Cadbury World
- Olveston
- Speight's Brewery
- University of Otago Registry Building
- University of Otago Clocktower complex
- Regent Theatre
- Fortune Theatre
- Allied Press Building
- Dunedin Public Hospital
- The Octagon
Museums, art galleries, and libraries[link]
- Otago Museum
- Otago Settlers Museum
- Dunedin Public Art Gallery
- Dunedin Public Libraries
- Hocken Library
Churches[link]
- All Saints Church
- Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- First Church
- Hanover Street Baptist Church
- Kaikorai Presbyterian Church
- Knox Church
- St. Joseph's Cathedral
- St. Paul's Cathedral
- Trinity Wesleyan Church — now the Fortune Theatre
Parks and gardens[link]
Places of education[link]
Tertiary[link]
- University of Otago
- Otago Polytechnic
- Aoraki Polytechnic (Dunedin campus)
- Dunedin College of Education
Secondary[link]
- Bayfield High School
- Otago Boys' High School
- Otago Girls' High School
- Columba College
- St. Hilda's Collegiate School
- John McGlashan College
- Kavanagh College
- Logan Park High School
- Kaikorai Valley College
- King's High School
- Queen's High School
- Taieri College
International relations[link]
Twin towns – Sister cities[link]
Dunedin is twinned with several cities throughout the world. These include:
- Edinburgh, Scotland (1974)[47]
- Otaru, Japan[48]
- Portsmouth, United States[49]
- Shanghai, China (1994)[50]
Further reading[link]
- Herd, J. & Griffiths, G. J. (1980). Discovering Dunedin. Dunedin: John McIndoe. ISBN 0-86868-030-3.
- Smallfield, J. & Heenan, B. (2006) Above the belt: A history of the suburb of Maori Hill. Dunedin: Maori Hill History Charitable Trust. ISBN 1-877139-98-X.
References[link]
Bibliography[link]
- Anderson, Atholl (1983), When All the Moa-Ovens Grew Cold : nine centuries of changing fortune for the southern Maori, Dunedin, NZ: Otago Heritage Books
- Anderson, Atholl (1998), The Welcome of Strangers : an ethnohistory of southern Maori A.D. 1650–1850, Dunedin, NZ: University of Otago Press with Dunedin City Council, ISBN 1-877133-41-8 pb
- Anderson, Atholl; Allingham, Brian; Smith, Ian W G (1996), Shag River Mouth : the archaeology of an early southern Maori village, Canberra, Australia: Australian National University, ISBN [[Special:BookSources/0-7315-0342-1|0-7315-0342-1]], OCLC 34751263
- Bathgate, Alexander (ed) (1890), Picturesque Dunedin, Dunedin, NZ: Mills, Dick & Co., OCLC 154535977
- Beaglehole, J C (ed) (1955–67), The Journals of Captain James Cook, London, UK: The Hakluyt Society
- Begg, A Charles; Begg, Neil Colquhoun (1979), The world of John Boultbee : including an account of sealing in Australia and New Zealand, Christchurch, NZ: Whitcoulls, ISBN 0-7233-0604-4
- Bishop, Graham; Hamel, Antony (1993), From sea to silver peaks, Dunedin: John McIndoe, ISBN 0-86868-149-0
- Collins, Roger; Entwisle, Peter (1986), Pavilioned in Splendour, George O'Brien's Vision of Colonial New Zealand, Dunedin, NZ: Dunedin Public Art Gallery, ISBN 0-9597758-1-1
- Dann, Christine; Peat, Neville (1989), Dunedin, North and South Otago, Wellington: GP Books, ISBN 0-477-01438-0
- Dunn, Michael (2005), Nerli an Italian Painter in the South Pacific, Auckland University Press., ISBN 1-86940-335-5
- Entwisle, Peter (1984), William Mathew Hodgkins & his Circle, Dunedin, NZ: Dunedin Public Art Gallery, ISBN [[Special:BookSources/0-473-00263-0|0-473-00263-0]]
- Entwisle, Peter (1998), Behold the Moon, the European Occupation of the Dunedin District 1770–1848, Dunedin, NZ: Port Daniel Press., ISBN 0-473-05591-0
- Entwisle, Peter (2005), Taka, a Vignette Life of William Tucker 1784–1817, Dunedin, NZ: Port Daniel Press., ISBN 0-473-10098-3
- Entwisle, Peter; Dunn, Michael; Collins, Roger (1988), Nerli An Exhibition of Paintings & Drawings, Dunedin, NZ: Dunedin Public Art Gallery, ISBN 0-9597758-4-6
- Hamel, J (2001), The Archaeology of Otago, Wellington, NZ: Department of Conservation, ISBN 0-478-22016-2
- Hayward, Paul (1998), Intriguing Dunedin Street Walks, Dunedin, NZ: Express Office Services
- Hocken, Thomas Moreland (1898), Contributions to the Early History of New Zealand (Settlement of Otago), London, UK: Sampson Low, Marston and Company, OCLC 3804372
- McCormick, E H (1954), The Expatriate, a Study of Frances Hodgkins, Wellington, NZ: New Zealand University Press., OCLC 6276263
- McCormick, E H (1959), The Inland Eye, a Sketch in Visual Autobiography, Auckland, NZ: Auckland Gallery Associates, OCLC 11777388
- McDonald, K C (1965), City of Dunedin, a Century of Civic Enterprise, Dunedin, NZ: Dunedin City Corporation, OCLC 10563910
- McLintock, A H (1949), The History of Otago; the origins and growth of a Wakefield class settlement, Dunedin, NZ: Otago Centennial Historical Publications, OCLC 154645934
- McLintock, A H (1951), The Port of Otago, Dunedin, NZ: Otago Harbour Board
- Morrell, W P (1969), The University of Otago, a Centennial History, Dunedin, NZ: University of Otago Press., OCLC 71676
Notes[link]
- ^ "Southern style". Stuff.co.nz. 19 March 2009. http://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/fashion/2277129/Southern-style. Retrieved 15 March 2011.
- ^ "Supersport's Good Week / Bad Week: An unhappy spectator". The New Zealand Herald. 1 May 2009. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=10569715. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
- ^ a b Irwin, Geoff; Walrond, Carl (2009-03-04). "When was New Zealand first settled? – The date debate". Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand. http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/when-was-new-zealand-first-settled/1. Retrieved 2010-02-14.
- ^ Dunedin Town Board[dead link]
- ^ "Mayor Peter Chin". Dunedin City Council. http://www.dunedin.govt.nz/your-council/councillors/mayor-peter-chin. Retrieved 2008-09-06.
- ^ "Subnational population estimates at 30 June 2011 (boundaries at 1 July 2011)". Statistics New Zealand. 19 December 2011. http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/estimates_and_projections/subnational-pop-estimates-tables.aspx. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
- ^ The description of Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, and Dunedin as the four main centres neatly divides the country geographically into northern and southern halves of each of the two main islands. These centres are thus described in a wide range of fields, from encyclopedias of New Zealand to scientific research institutes, the tourism industry to nationwide organisations and government departments, and from the entertainment industry to newspaper reports.
- ^ a b c d e f Quickstats about Dunedin City
- ^ (Hamel 2001); (Anderson, Allingham & Smith 1996); (Anderson 1998)
- ^ (Anderson 1983)
- ^ (Anderson, Allingham & Smith 1996) & (Hamel 2001)
- ^ (Anderson 1998)
- ^ Turton, Hanson "Introductory"in (Bathgate 1890); (Entwisle 2005)
- ^ a b (McLintock 1949)
- ^ (Anderson 1983) & (Anderson 1998)
- ^ Boultbee, J in (Begg & Begg 1979)
- ^ Cook, James in (Beaglehole (ed) 1955–67)
- ^ (Entwisle 2005)
- ^ (Entwisle 1998)
- ^ Byrne, T. B.. "Wing, Thomas 1810–1888". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/DNZB/alt_essayBody.asp?essayID=1W33. Retrieved 2009-03-17.
- ^ Somerville, Ross. "Tuckett, Frederick 1807? – 1876". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/DNZB/alt_essayBody.asp?essayID=1T108. Retrieved 2009-03-17.
- ^ (Hocken 1898)
- ^ (McLintock 1949); (McDonald 1965)
- ^ Betteridge, Chris (28 July 2004). "Landscapes of Memory – breathing new life into old cemeteries" (PDF). NZ Historic Places Trust. p. 2. Archived from the original on December 15, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071215152838/http://www.historic.org.nz/aboutus/OtagoBranch/gfx/Lawson+Lecture+2004.pdf. Retrieved 2008-05-14.
- ^ (Morrell 1969)
- ^ (McLintock 1951)
- ^ (McLintock 1949); (McDonald 1965); (Entwisle 1984)
- ^ (Entwisle 1984)
- ^ (Collins & Entwisle 1986)
- ^ (McCormick 1954); (Entwisle 1984); (Entwisle, Dunn & Collins 1988); (Dunn 2005)
- ^ (McCormick 1959)
- ^ Roy Shuker Understanding popular music Routledge, 2001
- ^ Dunedin City council page[dead link]
- ^ Thread fashion magazine article
- ^ Schaer, Cathrin (2008-03-03). "Rain fails to dampen Dunedin's fashion parade". New Zealand Herald (APN Holdings). http://www.nzherald.co.nz/category/story.cfm?c_id=151&objectid=10495751.
- ^ "Steepest Streets in Dunedin". Dunedin City Council. http://www.cityofdunedin.com/city/?page=roading_steep_street. Retrieved 2008-05-16. [dead link]
- ^ a b c d (Dann & Peat 1989)
- ^ (Bishop & Hamel 1993)
- ^ Lambert, M. (ed.) (1988) Air New Zealand almanac. Wellington, NZ: New Zealand Press Association, p. 394-5. Long-term average, 1951–1980.
- ^ A Descriptive Atlas of New Zealand, A.H. McLintock (ed), New Zealand Government Printer, 1959 (see Map 8)
- ^ "CliFlo data Musselburgh (5402, 15752)". NIWA. http://cliflo.niwa.co.nz/. Retrieved 2007-10-15.
- ^ Community archive. Retrieved 2 November 2009.
- ^ Otago Ferries Inc. Retrieved 2 November 2009.
- ^ Hayward 1998, p.65
- ^ Hayward 1998, p.66
- ^ "NZ’s biggest book sale reaches 25 year milestone". Scoop. 2005-05-09. http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/CU0505/S00062.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-25.
- ^ "Sister cities - Edinburgh - Scotland". Dunedin City Council. http://www.dunedin.govt.nz/your-council/sister-cities/edinburgh. Retrieved 5 December 2011. Archived at WebCite
- ^ "Sister cities - Otaru - Japan". Dunedin City Council. http://www.dunedin.govt.nz/your-council/sister-cities/otaru-japan. Retrieved 5 December 2011. Archived at WebCite
- ^ "Sister cities - Portsmouth - USA". Dunedin City Council. http://www.dunedin.govt.nz/your-council/sister-cities/portsmouth-usa. Retrieved 5 December 2011. Archived at WebCite
- ^ "Sister cities - Shanghai - China". Dunedin City Council. http://www.dunedin.govt.nz/your-council/sister-cities/shanghai-china. Retrieved 5 December 2011. Archived at WebCite
External links[link]
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Coordinates: 45°52′0″S 170°30′0″E / 45.866667°S 170.5°E / -45.866667; 170.5
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Michael Woodhouse (born c.1965) is a National member of the 49th New Zealand Parliament.
Contents |
Early years[link]
He was born and raised in South Dunedin , the fifth of nine children. Attended St Patrick's, St Edmund's and St Pauls High School, now Kavanagh College which he left at the end of sixth form in 1982. Worked for the National Bank of New Zealand in Dunedin and Wellington till 1987 when he embarked on a rugby sojourn to Scotland and England, playing for Dunfermline 1987/88 and Broughton Park in Manchester 1988/89. Returned to Dunedin where he studied Commerce and Accounting at Otago University which he graduated from in 1993. Worked at Taylor Mclachlan Accountants in Dunedin, Dunedin Hospital and ACC. Recently in 2005 he earned a masters in Health at the University of New South Wales in Australia. Prior to his political career Woodhouse was the CEO of Mercy Hospital in Dunedin from 2001 to 2008.
An avid rugby follower, Woodhouse played age group rugby for Otago and South Island rep teams and premier rugby for Dunedin and Western Suburbs in Wellington. He also refereed 84 premier and appr 20 representative colts and 'B' provincial matches. [1]
Personal life[link]
Woodhouse is an avid Rugby fan having played for Otago in his youth. He has a wife Amanda and three children called Emily, Isabel and Chloe.
Member of Parliament[link]
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| Years | Term | Electorate | List | Party |
| 2008–2011 | 49th | List | 49 | National |
| 2011–present | 50th | List | 31 | National |
Woodhouse stood in Dunedin North in 2008 and, though he received 30.64% (9972) of the vote's he was defeated by incumbent electorate Pete Hodgson who received 52.62% of the vote. He was still however elected to parliament through National's party list. In the 2011 election, Woodhouse reduced the majority from 7,155 in 2008[2] to 3,489.[3] National also lost the party vote by 420 votes.
A member of the Health and Transport & Industrial Relations Select Committees in the 49th Parliament, Woodhouse was elected as the National Party's senior whip on 20 December 2011.[4] He is the head of the Parliamentarians for Arthritis group and is active in the Parliamentary Sorts Trust as a rugby player/referee.
References[link]
- ^ http://www.national.org.nz/Candidate.aspx?Id=48356
- ^ "Official Count Results - Dunedin North". Electionresults.govt.nz. http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2005/electorate-10.html. Retrieved 2012-05-27.
- ^ New Zealand Electoral Commission. "Official Count Results - Dunedin North". Electionresults.govt.nz. http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2011/electorate-8.html. Retrieved 2012-05-27.
- ^ National's whips Woodhouse and Upston stuff.co.nz, 20 December 2011
External links[link]
- Michael Woodhouse at Parliament
- Michael Woodhouse at the National Party
- Michael Woodhouse - personal website
| Member of New Zealand Parliament for National Party 2008 – present |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Woodhouse, Michael |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | New Zealand politician |
| Date of birth | |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Michael_Woodhouse
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Woodhouse
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
