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Sucre Charcas La Plata, Chuquisaca
Panorama of the Old Town of Sucre.
Flag
Nickname(s): The White City, City of the 4 Names
Sucre Location of Sucre within Bolivia.
Coordinates: 19°2′2.04″S 65°15′45.36″W / 19.0339°S 65.2626°W / -19.0339; -65.2626Coordinates: 19°2′2.04″S 65°15′45.36″W / 19.0339°S 65.2626°W / -19.0339; -65.2626
Country	Bolivia
Departament	Chuquisaca
Province	Oropeza Province
Founded	September 29, 1538
Government
• Mayor	Moisés Torres Chivé (2012)
Elevation	2,750 m (9,020 ft)
Population (2006)
• Total	225,000
Time zone	BOT (UTC−4)
Area code(s)	4
Website	www.sucre.gob.bo/
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Official name: Historic City of Sucre
Type:	Cultural
Criteria:	iv
Designated:	1991 (15th session)
Reference #:	566
State Party:	Bolivia
Region:	Latin America and the Caribbean

Sucre, also known historically as Charcas, La Plata and Chuquisaca (population 247,300 in 2006) is the constitutional capital of Bolivia , the capital of the department of Chuquisacaand the 4th most populated city in Bolivia. Located in the south-central part of the country, Sucre lies at an elevation of 2750m (9,000 ft). This relatively high altitude gives the city a cool temperate climate year-round.

History[link]

On November 30, 1538, Sucre was founded under the name Ciudad de la Plata de la Nueva Toledo by Pedro Anzures, Marqués de Campo Redondo. In 1559, the Spanish King Philip II established the Audiencia de Charcas in La Plata with authority over an area which covers what is now Paraguay, southeastern Peru, Northern Chile and Argentina, and much of Bolivia. The Audiencia de Charcas was a subdivision of the Viceroyalty of Peru until 1776, when it was transferred to the newly created Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. In 1601, the Recoleta Monastery was founded by the Franciscans and in 1609, an archbishopric was founded in the city. In 1624, St Francis Xavier University of Chuquisaca was founded.

Very much a Spanish city during the colonial era, the narrow streets of the city centre are organised in a grid, reflecting the Andalusian culture that is embodied in the architecture of the city's great houses and numerous convents and churches. Sucre remains the seat of the Roman Catholic Church in Bolivia, and a common sight is members of religious orders dressed in traditional costume. For much of its colonial history, Sucre's temperate climate was preferred by the Spanish royalty and wealthy families involved in silver trade coming from Potosí. Testament to this is the Glorieta Castle. Sucre's University (Universidad Mayor Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca) is one of the oldest universities in the new world.

Festival time in Sucre

On May 25th of 1809 started the Bolivian independence fight, with the First cry of freedom in Latin America, when the bell of Basilica of Saint Fransisco was rung to get broken calling the city to the fight, now that broken bell continues in the Basilica of Saint Fransisco being one of the most precious relics of Sucre. Until the 19th century, La Plata was the judicial, religious and cultural centre of the region. It was proclaimed provision capital of the newly independent Alto Peru (later, Bolivia) on 1 July 1826.^[1] On 12 July 1839, President José Miguel de Velasco proclaimed a law naming the city as the capital of Bolivia, and renaming it in honor of the revolutionary leader Antonio José de Sucre.^[1] Too remote after the economic decline of Potosí and its silver industry, it saw the Bolivian seat of government move to La Paz in 1898. Many^[who?] argue Sucre was the epicentre that initiated the independence campaign against Spain in all of Latin America. The first "Grito Libertario" (Shout for Freedom) in any Western Hemisphere Spanish colony of took place in Sucre in 1809. Ironically, Bolivia was the last territory to gain its independence in 1825. In 1991, Sucre became a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The city attracts thousands of tourists every year due to its well-preserved downtown with buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries. Nestled at the foot of the twin hills of Churuquella and Sika Sika, Sucre is the gateway to numerous small villages that date from the colonial era, the most well-known of which is Tarabuco, home of the colorful "Pujllay" festival held each March. Most of these villagers are members of one of the indigenous ethnicities. Many dress in clothing distinctive to their respective villages.

Government[link]

Sucre is the capital of Chuquisaca department and the capital of Bolivia, where the Supreme Court is located. The government of the City of Sucre is divided into the executive and legislative branches. The Mayor of Sucre is the head of the city government, elected for a term of five years by general election. The legislative branch consists of The Municipal Council, which elects a President, Vice President and Secretary from a group of eleven members.

The current mayor of Sucbre is Moisés Torres Chivé, who was elected in the special municipal election on 18 December 2011 and sworn in January 2012. He succeeded interim Mayor Verónica Berríos (of the MAS party).^[2]

The current Municipal Council was elected in the regional election of 4 April 2010. The election was by proportional representation with the Pact of Social Integration and the Movement Towards Socialism gaining the largest and second largest shares of the vote.

The council elected in April 2010 and seated in late December 2010 is as follows:

Geography and territorial organization[link]

Sucre is divided into eight, numbered districts: the first five of these are urban districts, while Districts 6, 7, and 8 are rural districts. Each is administered by a Sub-Mayor (Spanish: Subalcalde), appointed by the Mayor of Sucre. The rural districts include numerous rural communities outside the urban area.

Sucre is served by Juana Azurduy de Padilla International Airport, situated 5 km to the Northwest and connected by Avenida Juana Azurduy de Padilla.

Climate[link]

The City of Four Names[link]

Each of the well known names represent a specific era of the city's history.

• Charcas was the indigenous name for the place upon which the Spaniards built the colonial city.
• La Plata was the name given to the emerging Hispanic city of privilege and honor.
• The name Chuquisaca was bestowed upon the city during the independence era.
• Sucre honors the great marshal of the Battle of Ayacucho (December 9, 1824), Don Antonio José de Sucre.

Sports[link]

Sucre has the most important sport centers in Bolivia,and the most practiced sport in the city is the soccer in Sucre seat the 2nd bigger Soccer and Olimpic Stadium in the Country "The Stadium Patria",The team that Represents to Sucre in The Bolivian Professional Ligue is Universitario that was the champion in 2008. But in the city the people also practices other sports like swimming with the best Swimming Pool in Bolivia "The Bolivarian Swimming Pool",or the Basketball with much centers of Basketballalso sports like Taecondo, Kung Fu, Boleybol ,Tennis ,Raket,etc.

Buildings of note[link]

View of the Basilica of San Francisco, the picture was taken from the front of Hostal Las Torres

The city of Sucre contains many old and classic buildings:

The House of Freedom (La Casa de la Libertad)[link]

Built in 1621, it is perhaps the most important building of the nation. The republic was founded in this building by Simón Bolívar who wrote the Bolivian Constitution.
The "Salón de la Independencia" houses the Bolivian Declaration of Independence.

National Library (La Biblioteca Nacional)[link]

Built on the same year of the foundation of the Republic, it is the first and the most important historical, bibliographical and documentation center of the country. The National Library has documents that date from 15th century.

Metropolitan Cathedral (La Catedral Metropolitana)[link]

Built between 1559 to 1712, the cathedral has the "Museo Catedraliceo" which is the first and most important religious museum of the country. The "Pinacoteca" has a vast collection of paintings by Colonial and Republican masters and also by Europeans such as Bitti, Fourchaudt and Van Dyck. The Cathedral contains a vast amount of jewelry made of gold, silver and gemstones.

Archbishop's Palace (El Palacio Arzobispal)[link]

Built in 1609, was an important religious and historic institution during colonial times.

Chuquisaca Gobernorship(Bolivian`s ex Government Palace)[link]

One of the bests buildings of republican Architecture that was finished in 1896 and was the first Palace of Government of Bolivia but when the government was moved to La Paz it became the Chuquisaca Governorship Palace

Supreme Court of Justice[link]

On July 16, 1827, was created the Supreme Court of the Nation, its first president was Dr. Manuel Maria Urcullo, including prominent personalities can mention Dr. Pantaleon Dalence, who was twice president of the supreme court and that because of its merits was recognized as the Father of the Bolivian Justice. This state power was installed in several places before moving to its own building and current. It was designed in the neoclassical style under the canons of French academicism. This building was inaugurated on May 25, 1945.

General Cemetery[link]

The constructive order and harmony predominates in the different areas that form from the late nineteenth century, ornate mausoleums, tombs and gardens with magnificent old trees, populate the space that is home to important people in the arts, science and regional history , national and Latin America. For the tranquility offered by the site, many students choose to study this site

Churches and Convents[link]

• San Felipe Nery
• San Francisco
• La Recoleta
• Santa Teresa
• Santa Clara

Churches[link]

• Santo Domingo
• San Lazaro (The oldest church in the country and Ex-Cathedral of Sucre)
• San Sebastian
• Iglesia de la Merced
• San Agustín
• Santa Mónica
• Santa Barbara
• San Miguel

Chapels[link]

• Loreto's Chapel
• Virgen de Guadalupe

Twin Cities[link]

• Cardiff, United Kingdom
• Ushuaia, Argentina
• New York City, United States
• Tel Aviv, Israel
• Oviedo, Spain
• Istanbul, Turkey

See also[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sucre

• Antonio José de Sucre
• Charca people
• La Paz

References[link]

1. ^ ^{a b} "Sucre.", Sociedad Geográfica (1903). Diccionario geográfico del Departamento de Chuquisaca: contiene datos geográficos, históricos y estadisticos. Impr. "Bolívar" de M. Pizarro. p. 296–97. 
2. ^ ^{a b c d} "Fallo judicial restituye a Alcaldesa de Sucre". Los Tiempos [byline: Correo del Sur]. 2011-01-28. http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/politica/20110128/fallo-judicial-restituye-a-alcaldesa-de-sucre_110589_217524.html. Retrieved 2011-01-30. 
3. ^ ^{a b} "Escándalo frena elección edil y abre paso a negociaciones". Correo del Sur. 2011-06-02. http://www.correodelsur.com/2011/0602/36.php. Retrieved 2011-12-13. 
4. ^ "Torres ya es Alcalde de Sucre". Correo del Sur. 2012-01-31. http://www.correodelsur.com/2012/0131/15.php. Retrieved 2012-02-06. 
5. ^ "Climate Statistics for Sucre, Bolivia". http://www.colonialvoyage.com/america/eng/south/bolivia/climate.html. Retrieved January 13, 2012. 

External links[link]

• Municipal Government of Sucre (Spanish)
• UNESCO World Heritage Site

v t e World Heritage Sites in Bolivia Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos Fuerte de Samaipata Noel Kempff Mercado National Park City of Potosí Historic City of Sucre Tiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture

v t e Chuquisaca Department Capital: Sucre Provinces Azurduy Belisario Boeto Hernando Siles Jaime Zudáñez Luis Calvo Nor Cinti Oropeza Sud Cinti Tomina Yamparáez Municipalities and seats Camargo (Camargo) Camataqui (Camataqui) Culpina (Culpina) El Villar (El Villar) Huacareta (Huacareta) Huacaya (Huacaya) Icla (Icla) Incahuasi (Incahuasi) Las Carreras (Las Carreras) Macharetí (Macharetí) Mojocoya (Mojocoya) Monteagudo (Monteagudo) Muyupampa (Villa Vaca Guzmán) Padilla (Padilla) Poroma (Poroma) Presto (Presto) San Lucas (San Lucas) Sopachuy (Sopachuy) Sucre (Sucre) Tarabuco (Tarabuco) Tarvita (Tarvita) Tomina (Tomina) Villa Alcalá (Villa Alcalá) Villa Charcas (Villa Charcas) Villa Serrano (Villa Serrano) Villa Zudáñez (Zudáñez) Yotala (Yotala) Villa Azurduy (Azurduy) Yamparáez (Yamparáez)

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Oxmo Puccino
Background information
Birth name	Abdoulaye Diarra
Born	1974 Mali
Genres	Hip hop
Labels	Cinq7, Wagram Music
Website	http://www.oxmo.net/

Oxmo Puccino (born Abdoulaye Diarra in 1974) is a French hip hop musician.

Life[link]

Puccino was born in 1974 in Ségou, Mali. He came to Paris one year later, and lived in the XIXe arrondissement from the age of 5. He is the older brother of Mamoutou Diarra, a basketball player of some international renown. He appeared in the 2006 film Arthur and the Minimoys.

A longtime hip-hop fan, at age 21 Diarra began his collaboration with the fledgling rap collective Time Bomb, honing his craft alongside future superstars like Booba and Diam's. He quickly developed into a lyricist with a metaphorical ingenuity far more advanced than his contemporaries, crafting violent yet strangely poetic portraits of urban Paris life and drawing on the street-smart American hip-hop of the Notorious B.I.G. and other icons to document life in Paris' hardscrabble 19th district. In 1996 Oxmo Puccino made his recorded debut with Pucc. Fiction, a contribution to the compilation L432. A series of subsequent mixtape appearances solidified his growing reputation within the French rap underground, and in 1998 he issued his solo debut, Opéra Puccino. Its 2001 follow-up, L'Amour Est Mort, proved Puccino's creative and commercial breakthrough, while 2004's Le Cactus de Sibérie confirmed his star status. After signing to the venerable jazz label Blue Note, Puccino assembled a new backing group, the Jazzbastards, to record 2006's Lipopette Bar.^[1][2]

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• 1998: Opéra Puccino
• 2001: L'amour est Mort
• 2004: Le Cactus de Sibérie
• 2006: Lipopette Bar
• 2007: La Réconciliation (Mixtape)
• 2009: L'Arme de Paix

Appearances[link]

• 1996: Pucc. Fiction
• 1997: Mama Lova
• 1998: Esprits Mafieux
• 1999: Black December
• 2000: Les plus class
• 2002: Le parcours d'une larme
• 2003: Derrière Les Projecteurs
• 2003: Tarif C (BO TAXI 3)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official site
• Oxmo Puccino at the Internet Movie Database

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John Tejada

John Tejada (born 21 April 1974 ) is an electronic music artist, music producer, DJ, and record label owner. Born in Vienna, Austria, his Austrian father was an orchestra composer/conductor who met his mother, a soprano singer of Mexican-American descent while she was studying in Vienna.

He has recorded under diverse monikers for different labels. Names he has recorded under include Mr. Hazeltine, Lucid Dream, and Autodidact. He also provided a remix to Such Great Heights, from The Postal Service.

Collaborations[link]

Tejada has released several recordings with Arian Leviste over the span of 15 years. He is also a frequent collaborator with Divine Styler. He teamed up with Takeshi Nishimoto (a pupil of Pepe Romero) to form I'm Not A Gun. I'm Not A Gun has released 5 full length albums since 2003.

In 2006, he performed at several venues throughout Europe with Justin Maxwell, his newest associate. In October 2007, Tejada and Arian Leviste embarked on their first tour together throughout Europe. The duo performed a live hardware set at the following venues: Mission (Leeds, UK), Click (Hamburg, Germany), Watergate (Berlin, Germany), Propaganda (Moscow, Russia), Maffia (Reggio Emilia, Italy), Batofar (Paris, France), and Compression @ King King (Los Angeles, California, USA).

Discography[link]

Album

• Little Green Lights and Four Inch Faders (1998) - A13^{[disambiguation needed ]}
• The Matrix of Us (2000) - Defocus
• Daydreams In Cold Weather (2002) - Plug Research
• The Toiling of Idle Hands (2003) - Immigrant Records
• Logic Memory Center (2004) - Plug Research
• Cleaning sound is a filthy business (2006) - Palette Recordings
• Where (2008) - Palette Recordings

EP

• Ebonics (1997) - Palette Recordings
• Genre (1998) - Palette Recordings
• Sonic Life (1998) - Ferox Records
• Song Forms & Freedom (2000) - Mosaic
• The Cover Up (2000) - 1200 Music
• Connection Remixes (2001) - Sheep Records
• Mating Rhythm(2001) - Mosaic
• The Toiling of Idle Hands (2004) - Immigrant

Compilation

• Fabric 44 - John Tejada (2009) - Fabric (London)]

External links[link]

• Palette Recordings
• John Tejada at Allmusic
• John Tejada discography at Discogs
• RBMA Radio On Demand - Train Wreck Mix - John Tejada (Palette Rec., LA)
• (French) Interview John Tejada - Actualites Electroniques
• (English) Interview John Tejada - Actualites Electroniques

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