WPIX, channel 11, is a television station in New York City built, signed on, and owned by the Tribune Company. WPIX also serves as the flagship station of The CW Television Network. The station's signal covers the tri-state New York metropolitan area and WPIX is also available as a regional superstation via satellite and cable in the United States and Canada.
Like its longtime sister station WGN-TV in Chicago (which first signed on in April 1948), WPIX's call letters come from the slogan of the newspaper that founded it—in this case, it was the New York Daily News, whose tag was "New York's Picture Newspaper". Both the paper and the station were owned by the Tribune Company. Then and now, WPIX's studios and offices are located in the News Building, at Second Avenue and East 42nd Street (alternatively called "11 WPIX Plaza") in Midtown Manhattan. In its earliest years, WPIX also had another studio (called "Studio Five") located at 110 Central Park South, where programs with a studio audience were produced.
Through the early 1990s, WPIX was operated separately from the other Tribune television and radio outlets through the News-owned license holder, WPIX, Incorporated, which in 1963 purchased New York radio station WBFM (101.9 MHz). The News soon changed that station's call letters to WPIX-FM, and in 1988, the station became WQCD. The two stations were separated from the Daily News in 1991, when British businessman Robert Maxwell bought the newspaper. Tribune retained WPIX and WQCD, and the radio station was sold to Emmis Communications in 1997 (it is now WRXP).
From the outset, WPIX featured programming that was standard among independents: old movies, syndicated reruns of network programs, public affairs programming, religious programs, and sports—specifically, the New York Yankees baseball team, whom WPIX carried from 1951 to 1998. At various points, WPIX also aired the New York (baseball) Giants, the New York Giants and New York Jets football teams, the NHL's New York Rangers, and local college basketball. But it was through its coverage of Yankees baseball that WPIX gained perhaps its greatest fame and identity.
To generations of New York children, channel 11 was also the home of memorable personalities. In 1955 Joe Bolton, an original WPIX staffer who had been a weather forecaster in the station's news department, donned a policeman's uniform and became "Officer Joe", hosting several programs based around Little Rascals and Three Stooges films, and later Popeye animated shorts. Another early WPIX personality, Jack McCarthy, also hosted Popeye and Dick Tracy cartoons as "Captain Jack" in the early 1960s, though he was better known to adults as the longtime host of channel 11's St. Patrick's Day parade coverage, from 1949 to 1992. WPIX aired a local version of Bozo the Clown (with Bill Britten in the role) from 1959 to 1964, and comic performers Chuck McCann and Allen Swift also hosted programs on WPIX during the mid-1960s before each moved to other entertainment work in Hollywood. Jazz singer Joya Sherrill hosted a weekday children's show called Time For Joya, later known as Joya's Fun School. Channel 11 also produced the Magic Garden series, which ran on the station from 1972 to 1984.
From its early years through the 1960s, WPIX, like the other two major independents in New York—RKO General's WOR-TV (now WWOR-TV) and Metromedia's WNEW-TV (now WNYW)—struggled to acquire other programming. By the mid 1970s, WPIX was the clear number-two independent station in the city, behind WNEW-TV. It identified on-air as 11 Alive from September 1976 to 1986, a slogan made popular by stations like Atlanta's WXIA-TV, who also started using 11Alive themselves from September 1976 and still do so today. In 1978, WPIX was launched on satellite and became a Superstation. In 1980, WPIX began 24 hour a day operations along with WOR-TV.
WPIX suffered from declining ratings in the late 1980s and early 1990s. During this time, now-Fox-owned WNYW and a resurgent WWOR, then owned by MCA–Universal, relegated WPIX to sixth place among New York's VHF stations. After president Levitt Pope stepped down as general manager but remaining president and CEO of WPIX, a new general manager, Michael Eigner, was transferred to WPIX from Los Angeles sister station KTLA in 1989, the station engineered a slow turnaround that eventually resulted in WPIX becoming the leading independent station in the New York market. In 1994, the station became the exclusive home of the New York City Marathon, carrying the five-borough running event for the next five years.
Initially, WPIX continued with its usual programming. But due to industry changes, the station shifted directions beginning in 1996. As WB network and syndicated daytime programming (such as Maury, Judge Mathis, and The Jerry Springer Show) became more prominent on channel 11's schedule, most of the station's local-interest programming began to disappear. WPIX was once home to the St. Patrick's Day, National Puerto Rican Day and Columbus Day parades, and Macy's Independence Day fireworks program. Along with the New York City Marathon these events moved to WNBC-TV, and the Marathon and the Macy's show are now carried on the NBC network.
WPIX lost its over-the-air broadcast rights to the Yankees to WNYW following the 1998 baseball season, more a result of regional cable sports networks (in this case, the Madison Square Garden Network) gaining team broadcast rights, leaving broadcast stations with fewer games to air. In 1999 the station replaced them with the New York Mets, which up until that point had spent their entire televised history with WOR/WWOR. Ironically, beginning in 2005, over-the-air Yankees broadcasts were aired by WWOR, which was as synonymous with the Mets as WPIX was with the Yankees.
In recent years, WPIX has revived The Yule Log, a special holiday program that combines Christmas music with a film loop of logs burning inside a fireplace. The film was made early in the holiday season of 1966 and shows a fire burning in the fireplace at New York's official mayoral residence, Gracie Mansion; it was done with the cooperation of then-Mayor John Lindsay. The Yule Log aired on Christmas Eve and/or Christmas morning, initially from 1966 until 1989, and viewer response brought it back in 2001. The revival of the Yule Log has proven to be just as popular, and several other Tribune-owned stations have carried the WPIX version, complete with its audio soundtrack, over the past several years. Channel 11 also airs a live broadcast of the Midnight Mass, from St. Patrick's Cathedral, on Christmas Eve.
As children's programming began to fade from broadcast television, The WB dropped its morning cartoon block in 2000, leaving the time for local stations to carry their own programming. On June 5 of that year, WPIX launched the WB 11 Morning News (now PIX Morning News), which has grown to challenge the established network morning programs as well as its more direct competitor, WNYW's Good Day New York. Its original newscast consisted of John Muller, Lynn White, Linda Church, Lynda Lopez, Melinda Murphy & Craig Treadway. The station continued to carry Saturday morning cartoons from Kids WB up to May 17, 2008 when it was bought by 4Kids Entertainment, but the afternoon cartoon block was discontinued on December 30, 2005.
On September 11, 2001, the transmitter facilities of WPIX as well as eight other New York City television stations and several radio stations were destroyed when two hijacked airplanes crashed into and destroyed the World Trade Center towers. The station's lead engineer, Steve Jacobson, was among those who were lost in the tragedy. WPIX's satellite feed froze on the last video frame received from the WTC mast, an image of the North Tower burning and the start of the impact of the South Tower; the image remained on the screen for much of the day until WPIX was able to set up alternate transmission facilities (the microwave relay for WPIX's satellite feed was also up there). Since then, WPIX has transmitted its signal from the Empire State Building.
In the summer of 2006, WPIX began the transition to the new CW by unveiling its new branding, CW 11, with on-air promos, on-screen program bugs, and an outdoor advertising campaign. WPIX was officially re-branded as CW 11 on September 17, 2006, the day before The CW launched. The rebranding began with the 10 p.m. newscast, which aired at the conclusion of The WB's final night of programming. Prior to the newscast, the station aired a video montage of past WPIX logos, starting with a 1948 test pattern and concluding with the official unveiling of the new CW 11 logo.
On April 2, 2007, Chicago-based investor Sam Zell announced plans to purchase the Tribune Company, with intentions to take the firm private. The deal was completed on December 20, 2007. Prior to the close of the sale, WPIX had been the only New York City commercial television station to have never been involved in an ownership transaction.
On April 26, 2008, WPIX began broadcasting its news in high-definition, becoming the fourth television station in New York City to do so.
In January 2011, Tribune launched its new digital subnetwork, Antenna TV, which airs on a new digital subchannel 11.4.
WPIX will add the transmitter on top of the new 1 World Trade Center, will be setting in 2013.
WPIX also produced many acclaimed news documentary films during the 1950s and early 1960s through its production arm, WPIX International. Among its productions included The Secret Life of Adolf Hitler; Cuba, Castro and Communism; and The Most Powerful Woman of the Century, a profile of Eva Perón. Channel 11's efforts first got attention when the station covered the collision, and later, sinking of the New York-bound oceanliner SS Andrea Doria off the coast of Nantucket in 1956. From 1974 to early 1984, WPIX used the Action News title and format for its local news programs. In 1977, the station commissioned "Move Closer to Your World" as their theme music. A 30-minute newscast aired at 7:30 p.m., and a one-hour program (at some points it was also 30 minutes) ran at 10:00 p.m.
From June 1980 until June 1990, WPIX produced and syndicated Independent Network News (INN), a national newscast for independent stations. The program featured the same talent that worked on WPIX's local newscasts and emanated from the same news studio, with INN logos covering the number 11's on various set pieces. WPIX transmitted the national show's live feed weeknights at 9:30 p.m. (ET). In New York, WPIX paired a 10 p.m. replay of the national show with a live local newscast at 10:30 p.m., called the "Action News Metropolitan Report."
As part of a midday expansion of INN starting in 1981, channel 11 also experimented with a newscast at 12:30 p.m. co-anchored by Marvin Scott. During the decade, WPIX also offered INN affiliates The Wall Street Journal Report, a business-oriented show; and From the Editor's Desk, a Sunday newsmaker show hosted by Richard D. Heffner, host of the long-running public-affairs program The Open Mind.
WPIX was also famous for the many post-news editorials from 1969 to 1995 that were delivered by Richard N. Hughes, the station's vice president of news operations. His editorials ended with the legendary tagline, "What's your opinion? We'd like to know." Periodically, he would read excerpts from viewers' letters in response to the editorials, invariably closing each excerpt by saying, "And that ends that quote."
The station dropped Action News in 1984 and renamed its programs as The Independent News. In 1986, the national INN newscast was renamed USA Tonight and aired from 10 p.m., while the 7:30 program retained the title Independent News and the 10:30 local newscast was renamed New York Tonight. When INN was cancelled, the 7:30 program ended as well, and WPIX focused its efforts on the 10:00 program.
Over the years, channel 11 has won many awards for news, and was the first independent station to win a New York-area Emmy Award for outstanding newscast, first gaining the statuette in 1979 and earning it again in 1983. It was a significant comeback for a news operation that was accused of falsifying news reports broadcasts in the late 1960s, such as labeling stock footage as "via satellite", and saying a voice report was live from Prague when, in actuality, it was made from a pay telephone in Manhattan. As a result, a group called Forum Communications — led by future PBS and NBC News president Lawrence Grossman — approached the FCC to challenge WPIX Inc.'s license to operate channel 11, but after years of litigation, WPIX and the Daily News prevailed in 1979.
As a sidenote, WPIX's questionable news gathering practices of the late 1960s became fodder for jokes, and may have been the inspiration for Chevy Chase's running gag on the Weekend Update segments of Saturday Night Live during that show's first season (1975–1976) in which he would introduce a "file report" from a correspondent in the field, and as the file report (some of which used clips of old 1930's cartoons or comedy one-reelers that were passed off as "File Footage," although the clips had almost nothing to do with the story being reported) ends, the "correspondent" is revealed to be Chevy himself, in the studio, using an alias and holding his nose to get the "pinched" effect of voices heard by telephone.
On December 1, 2008, along with the revised circle 11 logo, WPIX's newscasts were also rebranded as PIX Morning News and PIX News at Ten. The PIX call letters are pronounced phonetically, similar to the word "picks". Nearly 19 years after its final INN early evening newscast aired, WPIX launched a new early evening newscast on September 14, 2009. The broadcast is called PIX News at 6:30 and airs seven nights a week. With the launch of the WPIX newscast all but one of the major New York area stations now aired a nightly news program before 10 p.m. at least five days a week (WWOR, which airs their newscast weeknights at 11 p.m. and does not air weekend news, is the only one that does not). On June 16, 2010, it was announced that WPIX had cancelled the 6:30 p.m. newscast with the last broadcast airing on June 27, 2010; the newscast was replaced by syndicated reruns with its lead-in inside Edition moving to 4 a.m. before the morning newscast. On September 11, 2010 WPIX launched a weekend-only 6 p.m. newscast (making WPIX the only television station in the United States to carry an early-evening newscast on weekends, but not on weekdays). On September 20, 2010 WPIX expanded its morning newscast to five hours, with the start time moving to 4 a.m.
On October 11, 2010 changes for WPIX's weeknight 10:00 newscast took effect as Kaity Tong and Jim Watkins were removed from the anchor desk, and were replaced by Jodi Applegate as a solo anchor; Watkins now serves as solo anchor for the weekend 6 and 10 p.m. newscasts, while Tong was moved to a field anchor position. The revamped newscast's first week was not well received by viewers and critics alike; the station fielded numerous complaints via phone calls, emails, and Facebook comments. The New York Daily News called the show "....a mix of news and infotainment rivaling the junk VH1 churns out on a regular basis".
Editor's Desk host Richard Heffner was and still is the host of the longtime interview show The Open Mind, which was produced by channel 11 (and was concurrently aired on PBS stations) before moving to other New York studios.
The station dropped Circle 11 when it adopted the 11 Alive moniker in September 1976 (though it continued to appear during station editorials until around 1982), but re-incorporated the Circle 11 into the 11 Alive branding in 1984. The Circle 11 logo returned full-time in the fall of 1986. Its relaunch featured a series of humorous promos in which a fictitious station employee, "Henry Tillman", was searching for a "big idea", for something uniquely New York in nature to serve as the perfect symbol for WPIX. The running gag in these commercials was the fact that Tillman was constantly surrounded by—but never noticed—objects resembling a giant eleven, most notably the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center.
The station revised its look when it unveiled a stylized 11 logo during WPIX's broadcast of the 1994 New York City Marathon. The new numerical look eventually became the full-time logo, augmented with the WB logo after the station became a WB affiliate in 1995.
The station's CW 11 logo was first used for promos and teasers announcing the imminent change to The CW, and then first used as a full-time logo on the station's 10:00 newscast on September 17, 2006. The newscast was preceded by a graphic of all of WPIX's logos throughout the years, ending with the CW 11 logo.
The CW 11 logo has been replaced with a modernized version of WPIX's Circle 11 logo featuring the WB era "11" figure in a slimlined form within the circle. The station began a gradual on-air transition in mid-October 2008 by including the new look in program promos. The station featured the new logo in a half-hour New York Jets football pre-game show special on November 13, 2008. The transition was completed on December 1, 2008. The CW logo is sometimes used next to the circle 11 logo, primarily in local advertisements for CW network programming.
Category:Television stations in New York City Category:Tribune Broadcasting Category:The CW Television Network affiliates Category:Superstations in the United States Category:Channel 11 digital TV stations in the United States Category:Television channels and stations established in 1948 Category:American Basketball Association flagship television stations Category:Major League Baseball over-the-air television broadcasters
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
