Diadochi

Sunday, 19 August 2012

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The Macedonian Empire in Asia: From the Diadochi to Bactria

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Achaemenid Empire
http://wn.com/Achaemenid_Empire
Acropolis of Athens
The Acropolis of Athens or Citadel of Athens is the best known acropolis (Gr. akros, akron, edge, extremity + polis, city, pl. acropoleis) in the world. Although there are many other acropoleis in Greece, the significance of the Acropolis of Athens is such that it is commonly known as The Acropolis without qualification. The Acropolis was formally proclaimed as the pre-eminent monument on the European Cultural Heritage list of monuments on 26 March 2007. The Acropolis is a flat-topped rock that rises above sea level in the city of Athens, with a surface area of about 3 hectares. It was also known as Cecropia, after the legendary serpent-man, Cecrops, the first Athenian king.
http://wn.com/Acropolis_of_Athens
Aegean Sea
The Aegean Sea (, Egeo Pelagos ; ) is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea located between the southern Balkan and Anatolian peninsulas, i.e., between the mainlands of Greece and Turkey respectively. In the north, it is connected to the Marmara Sea and Black Sea by the Dardanelles and Bosporus. The Aegean Islands are within the sea and some bound it on its southern periphery, including Crete and Rhodes. The Aegean Region consists of nine provinces in southwestern Turkey, in part bordering on the Aegean sea.
http://wn.com/Aegean_Sea
Alexandria
http://wn.com/Alexandria
Anatolia
Anatolia (, from Greek '; also Asia Minor, from , ') is a geographic and historical term denoting the westernmost protrusion of Asia, comprising the majority of the Republic of Turkey. The region is bounded by the Black Sea to the north, Georgia to the northeast, the Armenian Highland to the east, Mesopotamia to the southeast, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and the Aegean Sea to the west. Anatolia has been home to many civilizations throughout history, such as the Hittites, Phrygians, Lydians, Persians, Greeks, Assyrians, Armenians, Romans, Byzantines, Anatolian Seljuks and Ottomans. As a result, Anatolia is one of the archeologically richest areas in the world.
http://wn.com/Anatolia
Antioch
http://wn.com/Antioch
Areopagus
:This article concerns the place where a classical judicial body met. It is also the term for the judicial body which met there. For the 16th century literary movement, see Areopagus (poetry). For the regional government during the Greek War of Independence, see Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece. For the modern Greek Supreme Court, see Court of Cassation (Greece).
http://wn.com/Areopagus
Armenia
http://wn.com/Armenia
Asia Minor
http://wn.com/Asia_Minor
Attalid dynasty
The Attalid dynasty was a Hellenistic dynasty that ruled the city of Pergamon after the death of Lysimachus, a general of Alexander the Great. The Attalid kingdom was the rump state left after the collapse of the Lysimachian Empire. One of Lysimachus' officers, Philetaerus, took control of the city in 282 BC. The later Attalids were descended from his father, and they expanded the city into a kingdom. Attalus I proclaimed himself King in the 230s BC, following his victories over the Galatians. The Attalids ruled Pergamon until Attalus III bequeathed the kingdom to the Roman Republic in 133 BC to avoid a likely succession crisis.
http://wn.com/Attalid_dynasty
Bosporan Kingdom
http://wn.com/Bosporan_Kingdom
Cappadocia
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http://wn.com/Cappadocia
Classical Athens
The city of Athens during the classical period of Ancient Greece (508-322 BC) was a notable polis (city-state) of Attica, Greece, leading the Delian League in the Peloponnesian War against Sparta and the Peloponnesian League. Athenian democracy was established in 508 BC under Cleisthenes following the tyranny of Hippias. This system remained remarkably stable, and with a few brief interruptions remained in place for 180 years, until 322 BC (aftermath of Lamian War) . The peak of Athenian hegemony was achieved in the 440s to 430s BC, known as the Age of Pericles.
http://wn.com/Classical_Athens
Cleomenean War
http://wn.com/Cleomenean_War
Crete
http://wn.com/Crete
Cyprus
http://wn.com/Cyprus
Dardanelles
The Dardanelles (, ), formerly known as the Hellespont
http://wn.com/Dardanelles
Egypt
http://wn.com/Egypt
Elam
Elam was an ancient civilization located in what is now southwest Iran. Elam was centered in the far west and the southwest of modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of Khuzestan and Ilam Province, as well as a small part of southern Iraq.
http://wn.com/Elam
Ephesus
http://wn.com/Ephesus
Greece
http://wn.com/Greece
Hellespont
http://wn.com/Hellespont
India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
http://wn.com/India
Ionian Sea
The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. It is bounded by southern Italy including Calabria, Sicily and the Salento peninsula to the west, and by southwestern Albania, including Saranda and Himara, and a large number of Greek islands, including Corfu, Zante, Kephalonia, Ithaka, and Lefkas to the east. The islands are collectively referred to as the Ionian Islands, and other islands include the Strophades, Sphagia, Schiza, Sapientza and Kythira. The sea is one of the most seismic areas in the world.
http://wn.com/Ionian_Sea
Kerman Province
http://wn.com/Kerman_Province
Macedon
http://wn.com/Macedon
Medes
http://wn.com/Medes
Miletus
http://wn.com/Miletus
Parthenon
The Parthenon (Ancient Greek: ) is a temple in the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their protector. Its construction began in 447 BCE and was completed in 438 BCE, although decorations of the Parthenon continued until 431 BCE. It is the most important surviving building of Classical Greece, generally considered to be the culmination of the development of the Doric order. Its decorative sculptures are considered some of the high points of Greek art. The Parthenon is regarded as an enduring symbol of Ancient Greece and of Athenian democracy and one of the world's greatest cultural monuments. The Greek Ministry of Culture is currently carrying out a programme of selective restoration and reconstruction to ensure the stability of the partially ruined structure.
http://wn.com/Parthenon
Peloponnese
http://wn.com/Peloponnese
Peloponnesus
http://wn.com/Peloponnesus
Pergamon
http://wn.com/Pergamon
Persia
http://wn.com/Persia
Phoenicia
http://wn.com/Phoenicia
Sparta
http://wn.com/Sparta
Susiana
http://wn.com/Susiana
Syria
Syria ( ; ' or '), officially the Syrian Arab Republic (), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
http://wn.com/Syria
Temple of Hephaestus
http://wn.com/Temple_of_Hephaestus
Temple of Zeus
The Temple of Zeus at Olympia, was an ancient Greek temple in Olympia, Greece, dedicated to the chief of the gods, Zeus. It was the very model of the fully-developed classical Greek temple of the Doric order. The temple, built between 472 and 456 BC, stood in the most famous sanctuary of Greece, which had been dedicated to local and Pan-Hellenic deities and had probably been established towards the end of the Mycenaean period. The Altis, the enclosure with its sacred grove, open-air altars and the tumulus of Pelops, was first formed during the tenth and ninth centuries BCE, when the cult of Zeus was joined the already establish cult here of Hera.
http://wn.com/Temple_of_Zeus
Thermopylae
http://wn.com/Thermopylae
Troy
http://wn.com/Troy

Aeschylus
http://wn.com/Aeschylus
Aesop
http://wn.com/Aesop
Agathokleia
:For the 3rd century BC mistress of Ptolemy IV Philopator, see Agathoclea.
http://wn.com/Agathokleia
Alcaeus of Mytilene
http://wn.com/Alcaeus_of_Mytilene
Alcetas
http://wn.com/Alcetas
Alcibiades
http://wn.com/Alcibiades
Alexander Balas
Alexander Balas (Greek ), ruler of the Greek Seleucid kingdom 150-146 BC, was a native of Smyrna of humble origin, but gave himself out to be the son of Antiochus IV Epiphanes and Laodice IV and heir to the Seleucid throne. Along with his sister Laodice VI, the youngster Alexander was "discovered" by Heracleides, a former minister of Antiochus IV and brother of Timarchus, an usurper in Media who had been executed by the reigning king Demetrius I Soter.
http://wn.com/Alexander_Balas
Alexander the Great
http://wn.com/Alexander_the_Great
Anaxagoras
Anaxagoras (, "lord of the assembly"; c. 500 BC – 428 BC) was a Pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. Born in Clazomenae in Asia Minor, Anaxagoras was the first philosopher to bring philosophy from Ionia to Athens. He attempted to give a scientific account of eclipses, meteors, rainbows, and the sun, which he described as a fiery mass larger than the Peloponnese. He was accused of contravening the established religion and was forced to flee to Lampsacus.
http://wn.com/Anaxagoras
Anaximander
http://wn.com/Anaximander
Andriscus
http://wn.com/Andriscus
Antialcidas
Antialcidas Nikephoros "the Victorious" was a Western Indo-Greek king of the Eucratid Dynasty, who reigned from his capital at Taxila. Bopearachchi has suggested that he ruled from ca 115 to 95 BCE in the western parts of the Indo-Greek realms, whereas RC Senior places him around 130 to 120 BCE and also in eastern Punjab (which seems better supported by coin findings). Senior does however believe that he ruled in tandem with King Lysias.
http://wn.com/Antialcidas
Antigenes
http://wn.com/Antigenes
Antigenes (general)
Antigenes (in ; died 316 BC) was a general of Alexander the Great, who also served under Philip II of Macedon, and lost an eye at the siege of Perinthus (340 BC). After the death of Alexander (323 BC) he obtained the satrapy of Susiana. He was one of the commanders of the Argyraspides and espoused with his troops the side of Eumenes. On the defeat of the latter in 316 BC, Antigenes fell into the hands of his enemy Antigonus, and was burnt alive by him:
http://wn.com/Antigenes_(general)
Antigonus II Gonatas
:"Antigonus II" redirects here. For the Judean prince, see Antigonus II Mattathias.
http://wn.com/Antigonus_II_Gonatas
Antigonus III Doson
Antigonus III Doson () was king of Macedon from 229 BC - 221 BC. He belonged to the Antigonid dynasty.
http://wn.com/Antigonus_III_Doson
Antimachus I
Anthimachus I was one of the Greco-Bactrian kings, generally dated from around 185 to 170 BC.
http://wn.com/Antimachus_I
Antiochus II Theos
http://wn.com/Antiochus_II_Theos
Antiochus V
http://wn.com/Antiochus_V
Antipater
http://wn.com/Antipater
Antipater Etesias
http://wn.com/Antipater_Etesias
Antisthenes
Antisthenes (; c. 445-c. 365 BCE) was a Greek philosopher and a pupil of Socrates. Antisthenes first learned rhetoric under Gorgias before becoming an ardent disciple of Socrates. He adopted and developed the ethical side of Socrates' teachings, advocating an ascetic life lived in accordance with virtue. Later writers regarded him as the founder of Cynic philosophy.
http://wn.com/Antisthenes
Apollodotus I
http://wn.com/Apollodotus_I
Apollodotus II
http://wn.com/Apollodotus_II
Apollophanes
:Apollophanes is also a spider genus (Philodromidae).
http://wn.com/Apollophanes
Archebios
http://wn.com/Archebios
Archilochus
:For the hummingbird genus, see ''Archilochus.
http://wn.com/Archilochus
Archimedes
http://wn.com/Archimedes
Archon of Pella
Archon (Ancient Greek: ; died 321 BC) was a Pellaean, appointed satrap of Babylonia after the death of Alexander the Great (323 BC), is probably the same as the son of Cleinias mentioned in the Indian expedition of Alexander. He perished in 321 BC in a fight against Docimus. As it is proved from an inscription in Delphi, Archon had taken part both in Isthmian and Pythian Games of c. 333-332 BC, where he won in horse-races.
http://wn.com/Archon_of_Pella
Aristophanes
http://wn.com/Aristophanes
Aristotle
http://wn.com/Aristotle
Arrhidaeus
http://wn.com/Arrhidaeus
Arsaces of Pontus
http://wn.com/Arsaces_of_Pontus
Artemidoros
Artemidoros Aniketos (The invincible) was a king who ruled in the area of Gandhara and Pushkalavati in modern northern Pakistan and Afghanistan.
http://wn.com/Artemidoros
Asander
For the General and King of the Bosporan Kingdom, see Asander (Bosporan king).
http://wn.com/Asander
Aspasia
Aspasia (ca. 470 BC–ca. 400 BC, Greek: ) was a Milesian woman who was famous for her involvement with the Athenian statesman Pericles. Very little is known about the details of her life. She spent most of her adult life in Athens, and she may have influenced Pericles and Athenian politics. She is mentioned in the writings of Plato, Aristophanes, Xenophon, and other authors of the day.
http://wn.com/Aspasia
Atropates
http://wn.com/Atropates
Attalus I
Attalus I (lang-el|), surnamed Soter (lang-el|, "Savior"; 269 BC – 197 BC) ruled Pergamon, an Ionian Greek polis (what is now Bergama, Turkey), first as dynast, later as king, from 241 BC to 197 BC. He was the second cousin and the adoptive son of Eumenes I, whom he succeeded, and was the first of the Attalid dynasty to assume the title of king in 238 BC. He was the son of Attalus and his wife Antiochis.
http://wn.com/Attalus_I
Attalus III
http://wn.com/Attalus_III
Bacchylides
Bacchylides () (5th century BC) was an Ancient Greek lyric poet. Later Greeks included him in the canonical list of nine lyric poets which included his uncle Simonides. The elegance and polished style of his lyrics have been a commonplace of Bacchylidean scholarship since at least Longinus (De Sublimitate 33,5). Some scholars however have associated these qualities with superficial charm. He has often been compared unfavourably with his contemporary, Pindar, as "a kind of Boccherini to Pindar's Haydn", yet the differences in their styles doesn't allow for easy comparison and "to blame Bacchylides for not being Pindar is as childish a judgement as to condemn...Marvel for missing the grandeur of Milton." His career coincided with the ascendency of dramatic styles of poetry, as embodied in the works of Aeschylus or Sophocles, and he is in fact one of the last poets of major significance within the more ancient tradition of purely lyric poetry. The most notable features of his lyrics are their clarity in expression and simplicity of thought, making them an ideal introduction to the study of Greek lyric poetry in general and to Pindar's verse in particular.
http://wn.com/Bacchylides
Balacrus
http://wn.com/Balacrus
Caesarion
http://wn.com/Caesarion
Caria
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http://wn.com/Caria
Cleitus the Black
Cleitus the Black (Otherwise known as Melas)() (ca. 375 BC-328 BC) was an officer of the Macedonian army led by Alexander the Great. He was son of Dropides and brother of Alexander's nurse, Lanike. Cleitus saved Alexander's life at the Battle of the Granicus in 334 BC, when Alexander was personally under attack by Rhoesaces and Spithridates. Cleitus chopped off Spithridates' arm before the Persian satrap could bring it down on Alexander. Despite this, Cleitus would meet his demise at the hands of Alexander in a drunken quarrel in 328 BC.
http://wn.com/Cleitus_the_Black
Cleopatra VII
http://wn.com/Cleopatra_VII
Coenus (general)
For other uses, see Coenus
http://wn.com/Coenus_(general)
Craterus
For other uses , see Craterus (disambiguation)
http://wn.com/Craterus
Darius of Pontus
Darius of Pontus was a son of Pharnaces II of Pontus. Darius was made king for a short time in 39 BCE by Roman triumvir Mark Antony, but he was soon deposed, and replaced in 37 BCE by Polemon I of Pontus, who was himself succeeded by his widow Pythodorida.
http://wn.com/Darius_of_Pontus
Demetrios III
::For the Seleucid ruler, see Demetrius III Eucaerus
http://wn.com/Demetrios_III
Demetrius II Nicator
For the similarly named Macedonian ruler, see Demetrius II of Macedon. For the Macedonian prince, see Demetrius the Fair.
http://wn.com/Demetrius_II_Nicator
Democritus
http://wn.com/Democritus
Demosthenes
http://wn.com/Demosthenes
Diodotus Tryphon
Diodotus Tryphon () was king of the Hellenistic Seleucid kingdom. As a general of the army, he promoted the claims of Antiochus VI Dionysus, the infant son of Alexander Balas, in Antioch after Alexander's death, but then in 142 deposed the child and himself seized power in Coele-Syria where Demetrius II Nicator was unpopular for his oppressive treatment of the Jews.
http://wn.com/Diodotus_Tryphon
Diogenes of Sinope
Diogenes of Sinope ( Diogenes ho Sinopeus), was a Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynic philosophy. Also known as Diogenes the Cynic, he was born in Sinope (modern-day Sinop, Turkey) in 412 or 404 BCE
http://wn.com/Diogenes_of_Sinope
Drangiana
Drangiana or Zarangiana (, from Old Persian: Zranka "waterland")
http://wn.com/Drangiana
Empedocles
http://wn.com/Empedocles
Epaminondas
Epaminondas (Greek: ) (ca. 410 BC – 362 BC) or Epameinondas was a Theban general and statesman of the 4th century BC who transformed the Ancient Greek city-state of Thebes, leading it out of Spartan subjugation into a preeminent position in Greek politics. In the process he broke Spartan military power with his victory at Leuctra and liberated the Messenian helots, a group of Peloponnesian Greeks who had been enslaved under Spartan rule for some 230 years, having been defeated in the Messenian War ending in 600 BC. Epaminondas reshaped the political map of Greece, fragmented old alliances, created new ones, and supervised the construction of entire cities. He was militarily influential as well, inventing and implementing several major battlefield tactics.
http://wn.com/Epaminondas
Epander
Epander was one of the Indo-Greek kings. He may have been a relative of Menander I, and the findplaces of his coins seem to indicate that he ruled in the area of Punjab.
http://wn.com/Epander
Epicurus
http://wn.com/Epicurus
Erigyius
http://wn.com/Erigyius
Etazeta of Bithynia
http://wn.com/Etazeta_of_Bithynia
Euclid
http://wn.com/Euclid
Eucratides I
Eucratides I (or Eukratides I) (reigned ca. 170 BCE–145 BCE) was one of the most important Greco-Bactrian kings. He uprooted the Euthydemid dynasty of Greco-Bactrian kings and replaced it with his own lineage. He fought against the Indo-Greek kings, the easternmost Hellenistic rulers in northwestern India, temporarily holding territory as far as the Indus, until he was finally defeated and pushed back to Bactria. Eucratides had a vast and prestigious coinage, suggesting a rule of considerable importance.
http://wn.com/Eucratides_I
Eumenes I
Eumenes I of Pergamon was dynast (ruler) of the city of Pergamon in Asia Minor from 263 BC until his death in 241 BC. He was the son of Eumenes, the brother of Philetaerus, the founder of the Attalid dynasty, and Satyra, daughter of Poseidonius. As he had no children, Philetaerus adopted Eumenes to become his heir.
http://wn.com/Eumenes_I
Eumenes II
http://wn.com/Eumenes_II
Eumenes III
Eumenes III (originally named Aristonicus, in Greek Aristonikos) was the pretender to the throne of Pergamon.
http://wn.com/Eumenes_III
Euripides
http://wn.com/Euripides
F. W. Walbank
Frank William Walbank, CBE (December 10, 1909 – October 23, 2008) was a scholar of ancient history, particularly the history of Polybius. He was born in Bingley, Yorkshire and died in Cambridge.
http://wn.com/F_W_Walbank
Gorgias
Gorgias (, ca. 485-c.380 BCE) "the Nihilist", Greek sophist, pre-socratic philosopher and rhetorician, was a native of Leontini in Sicily. Along with Protagoras, he forms the first generation of Sophists. Several doxographers report that he was a pupil of Empedocles, although he would only have been a few years younger. "Like other Sophists he was an itinerant, practicing in various cities and giving public exhibitions of his skill at the great pan-Hellenic centers of Olympia and Delphi, and charged fees for his instruction and performances. A special feature of his displays was to invite miscellaneous questions from the audience and give impromptu replies."
http://wn.com/Gorgias
Greco-Bactrians
http://wn.com/Greco-Bactrians
Hephaestion
Hephaestion (Greek: , alternative spelling: "Hephaistion"; c. 356 BC – 324 BC), son of Amyntor, was a Macedonian nobleman and a general in the army of Alexander the Great. He was "... by far the dearest of all the king's friends; he had been brought up with Alexander and shared all his secrets." This friendship lasted their whole lives, and was compared, by others as well as themselves, to that of Achilles and Patroclus.
http://wn.com/Hephaestion
Heraclitus
Heraclitus of Ephesus (Ancient Greek: — ; c. 535–c. 475 BCE) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, a native of the Greek city Ephesus, Ionia, on the coast of Asia Minor. He was of distinguished parentage. Little is known about his early life and education, but he regarded himself as self-taught and a pioneer of wisdom. From the lonely life he led, and still more from the riddling nature of his philosophy and his contempt for humankind in general, he was called "The Obscure," and the "Weeping Philosopher."
http://wn.com/Heraclitus
Herodotus
http://wn.com/Herodotus
Hesiod
http://wn.com/Hesiod
Hipparchus
http://wn.com/Hipparchus
Hippocrates
http://wn.com/Hippocrates
Hipponax
Hipponax of Ephesus was an Ancient Greek iambic poet.
http://wn.com/Hipponax
Hippostratos
Hippostratus was an Indo-Greek king who ruled central and north-western Punjab and Pushkalavati. Bopearachchi dates Hippostratos to 65 to 55 BCE whereas R.C. Senior suggests 60 to 50 BCE.
http://wn.com/Hippostratos
Homer
http://wn.com/Homer
Hypatia
http://wn.com/Hypatia
Ibycus
Ibycus (Ancient Greek: ) (6th century BC), was an Ancient Greek lyric poet. He was included in the canonical list of nine lyric poets by the scholars of Hellenistic Alexandria. The extant fragments of his work contain the earliest-known example of the triadic choral lyric and epinician poetry.
http://wn.com/Ibycus
Indo-Greeks
The Hellenistic expansion brought the Ancient Greeks in South Asia also known as Indo-Greeks.
http://wn.com/Indo-Greeks
King Diomedes
Diomedes Soter "the Saviour" was an Indo-Greek king. The places where his coins have been found seem to indicate that his rule was based in the area of the Paropamisadae, possibly with temporary dominions further east. Judging from their similar portraits and many overlapping monograms, the young Diomedes seems to have been the heir (and probably a relative) of Philoxenus, the last king to rule before the kingdom of Menander I finally fragmented.
http://wn.com/King_Diomedes
King Dionysios
Dionysios Soter "Saviour" was an Indo-Greek king in the area of eastern Punjab. According to Osmund Bopearachchi, he reigned ca circa 65 - 55 BCE) and inherited the eastern parts of the kingdom of the important late ruler Apollodotus II. The kings share the same epithet and use the common reverse of fighting Pallas Athene, and it seems plausible that they were closely related, but relationships between the last Indo-Greek kings remain uncertain since the only sources of information are their remaining coins. R C Senior dates him approximately ten years later.
http://wn.com/King_Dionysios
King Hermaeus
Hermaeus Soter "the Saviour" was a Western Indo-Greek king of the Eucratid Dynasty, who ruled the territory of Paropamisade in the Hindu-Kush region, with his capital in Alexandria of the Caucasus (near today's Kabul, Afghanistan). Bopearachchi dates Hermaeus to circa 90 - 70 BCE and R C Senior to circa 95 - 80 BCE but concedes that Bopearachchi's later date could be correct.
http://wn.com/King_Hermaeus
King Lysias
Lysias Anicetus (Lysias the Invincible) was an Indo-Greek king.
http://wn.com/King_Lysias
King Porus
http://wn.com/King_Porus
Laomedon of Mytilene
http://wn.com/Laomedon_of_Mytilene
Leonidas I
http://wn.com/Leonidas_I
Leonnatus
Leonnatus (; 356 BC - 322 BC), Macedonian officer of Alexander the Great and one of the diadochi.
http://wn.com/Leonnatus
Leucippus
http://wn.com/Leucippus
Lycurgus of Sparta
http://wn.com/Lycurgus_of_Sparta
Lydia
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http://wn.com/Lydia
Lysander
http://wn.com/Lysander
Lysimachus
For other uses, see Lysimachus (disambiguation)
http://wn.com/Lysimachus
Medes
http://wn.com/Medes
Meleager (general)
Meleager (; died 323 BC) was a Macedonian officer of distinction in the service of Alexander the Great.
http://wn.com/Meleager_(general)
Menander (general)
http://wn.com/Menander_(general)
Menander II
Menander II "The Just" was an Indo-Greek King who ruled in the areas of Arachosia and Gandhara in the north of modern Pakistan.
http://wn.com/Menander_II
Menes of Pella
Menes of Pella (Greek: ), son of Dionysius, was one of the officers of Alexander the Great; and after the Battle of Issus (333 BC) was admitted by the king into the number of his somatophylakes, in the place of Balacrus, who was promoted to the satrapy of Cilicia. In 331 BC, after Alexander had occupied Susa, he sent Menes down to the Mediterranean to take the government of Syria, Phoenicia, and Cilicia, entrusting him at the same time with 3000 talents, a portion of which he was to transmit to Antipater for his war with the Lacedaemonians. Apollodorus of Amphipolis was joined with him in this command.
http://wn.com/Menes_of_Pella
Milo of Croton
http://wn.com/Milo_of_Croton
Nearchus
Nearchus (, Nearchos; c. 360 - 300 BC) was one of the officers, a navarch, in the army of Alexander the Great. His celebrated voyage from India to Susa after Alexander's expedition in India is preserved in Arrian's account, the Indica.
http://wn.com/Nearchus
Neoptolemus
http://wn.com/Neoptolemus
Nicanor of Stageira
http://wn.com/Nicanor_of_Stageira
Olympias
http://wn.com/Olympias
Ottoman Empire
http://wn.com/Ottoman_Empire
Pantaleon
King Pantaleon reigned some time between 190 BCE - 180 BCE and is one of the most enigmatic of the Greek kings in Bactria and India. He was a younger contemporary or successor of the Greco-Bactrian king Demetrius, and is sometimes believed to have been his brother and/or subking. He was the first Greek king to strike Indian coins, peculiar irregular bronzes which suggests he had his base in Arachosia and Gandhara and wanted support from the native population.
http://wn.com/Pantaleon
Parmenides
Parmenides of Elea (Greek: ; fl. early 5th century BCE) was an ancient Greek philosopher born in Elea, a Greek city on the southern coast of Italy. He was the founder of the Eleatic school of philosophy. The single known work of Parmenides is a poem which has survived only in fragmentary form. In this poem, Parmenides describes two views of reality. In The Way of Truth (a part of the poem), he explains how reality is one, change is impossible, and existence is timeless, uniform, and unchanging. In The Way of Opinion, he explains the world of appearances, which is false and deceitful. These thoughts strongly influenced Plato, and through him, the whole of Western philosophy.
http://wn.com/Parmenides
Parmenion
http://wn.com/Parmenion
Parthia
Parthia is a region of north-eastern Iran, best known for having been the political and cultural base of the Arsacid dynasty, rulers of the Parthian Empire.
http://wn.com/Parthia
Pausanias (general)
http://wn.com/Pausanias_(general)
Peithon
http://wn.com/Peithon
Perdiccas
Perdiccas (, Perdikkas; died 321 BC or 320 BC) was one of Alexander the Great's generals. After Alexander's death in 323 BC he became regent of all Alexander's empire.
http://wn.com/Perdiccas
Pericles
http://wn.com/Pericles
Perseus of Macedon
http://wn.com/Perseus_of_Macedon
Peucestas
http://wn.com/Peucestas
Peukolaos
Peucolaus Soter Dikaios was an Indo-Greek king who ruled in the area of Gandhara c. 90 BCE. His reign was probably short and insignificant, since he left only a few coins, but the relations of the latter Indo-Greek kings remain largely obscure.
http://wn.com/Peukolaos
Philetaerus
http://wn.com/Philetaerus
Philip II of Macedon
http://wn.com/Philip_II_of_Macedon
Philip IV of Macedon
http://wn.com/Philip_IV_of_Macedon
Philip V of Macedon
http://wn.com/Philip_V_of_Macedon
Philotas (satrap)
http://wn.com/Philotas_(satrap)
Philoxenios
http://wn.com/Philoxenios
Philoxenus (general)
For other uses, see Philoxenus
http://wn.com/Philoxenus_(general)
Phoenicia
http://wn.com/Phoenicia
Pindar
http://wn.com/Pindar
Plato
:For other uses, see Plato (disambiguation) and Platon (disambiguation).
http://wn.com/Plato
Plutarch
http://wn.com/Plutarch
Polybius
http://wn.com/Polybius
Polyperchon
http://wn.com/Polyperchon
Pompey
http://wn.com/Pompey
Protagoras
Protagoras (Greek: ) (ca. 490– 420 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and is numbered as one of the sophists by Plato. In his dialogue Protagoras, Plato credits him with having invented the role of the professional sophist or teacher of virtue. He is also believed to have created a major controversy during ancient times through his statement that man is the measure of all things. This idea was very revolutionary for the time and contrasting to other philosophical doctrines that claimed the universe was based on something objective, outside the human influence.
http://wn.com/Protagoras
Ptolemy
http://wn.com/Ptolemy
Ptolemy I Soter
:For the astronomer, see Ptolemy; for others named "Ptolemy" or "Ptolemaeus", see Ptolemy (disambiguation).
http://wn.com/Ptolemy_I_Soter
Ptolemy Keraunos
Ptolemy Keraunos (lang-el|, died 279 BC) was the King of Macedon from 281 BC to 279 BC.
http://wn.com/Ptolemy_Keraunos
Ptolemy V Epiphanes
http://wn.com/Ptolemy_V_Epiphanes
Ptolemy XII Auletes
http://wn.com/Ptolemy_XII_Auletes
Pyrrhus of Epirus
Pyrrhus or Pyrrhos (, Pyrros; 319-272 BC) was a Greek general of the Hellenistic era. He was king of the Greek tribe of Molossians, of the royal Aeacid house (from ca. 297 BC), and later he became King of Epirus (306-302, 297-272 BC) and Macedon (288-284, 273-272 BC). He was one of the strongest opponents of early Rome. Some of his battles, though successful, cost him heavy losses, from which the term "Pyrrhic victory" was coined. He is the subject of one of Plutarch's Parallel Lives.
http://wn.com/Pyrrhus_of_Epirus
Pythagoras
Pythagoras of Samos (, O Pythagoras o Samios, "Pythagoras the Samian", or simply ; c. 570-c. 495 BC) was an Ionian Greek philosopher and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism. Most of our information about Pythagoras was written down centuries after he lived, thus very little reliable information is known about him. He was born on the island of Samos, and may have travelled widely in his youth, visiting Egypt and other places seeking knowledge. Around 530 BC, he moved to Croton, a Greek colony in southern Italy, and there set up a religious sect. His followers pursued the religious rites and practices developed by Pythagoras, and studied his philosophical theories. The society took an active role in the politics of Croton, but this eventually led to their downfall. The Pythagorean meeting-places were burned, and Pythagoras was forced to flee the city. He is said to have ended his days in Metapontum.
http://wn.com/Pythagoras
Roxana
Roxana (In Persian, Rauxnaka, meaning "little star") sometimes Roxane, was a Bactrian noble and a wife of Alexander the Great. She was born earlier than the year 343 BC, though the precise date remains uncertain.
http://wn.com/Roxana
Sappho
Sappho ( in English; Attic Greek ' , Aeolic Greek ' ) was an Ancient Greek poet, born on the island of Lesbos. Later Greeks included her in the list of nine lyric poets. Her birth was sometime between 630 and 612 BC, and it is said that she died around 570 BC, but little is known for certain about her life. The bulk of her poetry, which was well-known and greatly admired throughout antiquity, has been lost, but her immense reputation has endured through surviving fragments.
http://wn.com/Sappho
Seleucus I Nicator
http://wn.com/Seleucus_I_Nicator
Sibyrtius
Sibyrtius (Greek:; lived 4th century BC) was a Greek officer from Crete in the service of Alexander the Great, who was appointed by him, on his return from India (326 BC), governor of the province of Carmania. This post he shortly after exchanged for the more important satrapy of Arachosia and Gedrosia, to which he succeeded on the death of Thoas. At the death of Alexander (323 BC), Sibyrtius, in common with most of the other governors of the remote eastern provinces, retained possession of his satrapy, which was again confirmed to him in the second partition at Triparadisus, 321 BC. In the subsequent divisions which arose among the eastern satraps, Sibyrtius was one of those who supported Peucestas against Peithon and Seleucus, and afterwards accompanied that leader when he joined Eumenes in Susiana, 317 BC. His attachment was, however, to Peucestas, and not to Eumenes, and in the intrigues of the former against his commander-in-chief, Sibyrtius supported him so strongly that he incurred the especial resentment of Eumenes, who threatened to bring him to trial; a fate from which he only escaped by a hasty flight. But this open rupture with Eumenes had the advantage of securing him the favour of Antigonus, who, after the defeat of his rival, confirmed Sibyrtius in his satrapy, and placed under his command a large part of the select body of troops termed Argyraspids; a measure adopted with the ostensible object of guarding these provinces against the neighbouring barbarians, but in reality with a view to the gradual destruction of the troops in question, whose turbulent and disaffected spirit was well known..
http://wn.com/Sibyrtius
Simonides of Ceos
http://wn.com/Simonides_of_Ceos
Socrates
http://wn.com/Socrates
Socrates Chrestus
http://wn.com/Socrates_Chrestus
Sogdiana
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http://wn.com/Sogdiana
Solon
Solon (ancient Greek: , c. 638 BC–558 BC) was an Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and poet. He is remembered particularly for his efforts to legislate against political, economic and moral decline in archaic Athens. His reforms failed in the short term yet he is often credited with having laid the foundations for Athenian democracy.
http://wn.com/Solon
Sophocles
http://wn.com/Sophocles
Stasanor
Stasanor (in ; lived 4th century BC) was a native of Soli in Cyprus who held a distinguished position among the officers of Alexander the Great.
http://wn.com/Stasanor
Stesichorus
Stesichorus (Ancient Greek: , circa 640 - 555 BC) was the first great poet of the Greek West. He is best known for telling epic stories in lyric metres but he is also famous for some ancient traditions about his life, such as his opposition to the tyrant Phalaris, and the blindness he is said to have incurred and cured by composing verses first insulting and then flattering to Helen of Troy. He was ranked among the nine lyric poets esteemed by the scholars of Hellenistic Alexandria and yet his work attracted relatively little interest among ancient commentators, which in turn left a disproportionate number of gaps in the modern record as one scholar observed in 1967: "Time has dealt more harshly with Stesichorus than with any other major lyric poet." Recent discoveries, recorded on Egyptian papyrus (notably and controversially, the Lille papyrus, in 1974), have enhanced modern understanding of his work, confirming his role as a link between Homer's epic narrative and the lyric narrative of poets like Pindar.
http://wn.com/Stesichorus
Strato I
http://wn.com/Strato_I
Taxiles
http://wn.com/Taxiles
Thales of Miletus
http://wn.com/Thales_of_Miletus
Themistocles
Themistocles (Greek: ; "Glory of the Law"); c. 524–459 BC, was an Athenian politician and general. He was one of a new breed of politicians who rose to prominence in the early years of the Athenian democracy, along with his great rival Aristides. As a politician, Themistocles was a populist, having the support of lower class Athenians, and generally being at odds with the Athenian nobility. Elected archon in 493 BC, he took steps to increase the naval power of Athens, which would be a recurring theme in his political career. During the first Persian invasion of Greece, he fought at the Battle of Marathon, and was possibly one of the 10 Athenian strategoi (generals) in that battle.
http://wn.com/Themistocles
Theophilos (king)
Theophilos was a minor Indo-Greek king who ruled for a short time in the Paropamisadae. He was possibly a relative of Zoilos I and is only known from coins. It is possible that some of Theophilos' coins in fact belong to another ruler, in Greek Bactria, during approximately the same period.
http://wn.com/Theophilos_(king)
Thucydides
http://wn.com/Thucydides
Timocreon
Timocreon, of Ialysus in Rhodes, was a Greek lyric poet who flourished about 480 BC.
http://wn.com/Timocreon
Tlepolemus (general)
For other persons with the same name, see Tlepolemus (disambiguation)
http://wn.com/Tlepolemus_(general)
Trojan War
In Greek mythology, the Trojan War was waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans (Greeks) after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, the king of Sparta. The war is among the most important events in Greek mythology and was narrated in many works of Greek literature, including the Iliad and the Odyssey by Homer. "The Iliad" relates a part of the last year of the siege of Troy, while the Odyssey describes the journey home of Odysseus, one of the Achaean leaders. Other parts of the war were told in a cycle of epic poems, which has only survived in fragments. Episodes from the war provided material for Greek tragedy and other works of Greek literature, and for Roman poets like Virgil and Ovid.
http://wn.com/Trojan_War
Xenophon
http://wn.com/Xenophon
Zeno of Citium
http://wn.com/Zeno_of_Citium
Ziaelas of Bithynia
http://wn.com/Ziaelas_of_Bithynia
Zoilos I
:"Zoilos" redirects here. For other meanings, see Zoilos (name).
http://wn.com/Zoilos_I
Zoilos II
Zoilos II Soter "Saviour" was an Indo-Greek king who ruled in eastern Punjab. Bopearachchi dates his reign to c. 55–35 BCE, a date approximately supported by RC Senior.
http://wn.com/Zoilos_II

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This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (February 2008)

Bust of Seleucus "Nicator" (victor), last of the original Diadochi standing by 281 BC

The Diadochi (plural of Latin Diadochus, from Greek: Διάδοχοι, Diadokhoi, "Successors") were the rival generals, family and friends of Alexander the Great who fought for the control of Alexander's empire after his death in 323 BC. The Wars of the Diadochi were the turbulent opening of the Hellenistic period.

Background [link]

Main article: Wars of Alexander the Great

When Alexander the Great died (June 10, 323 BC), he left behind a huge empire which was composed of many essentially independent territories. Alexander's empire stretched from his homeland of Macedon itself, along with the Greek city-states that his father had subdued, to Bactria and parts of India in the east. It included parts of the present day Balkans, Anatolia, the Levant, Egypt, Babylonia, and most of the former Persia, except for some lands the Achaemenids formerly held in Central Asia.

Diadochi [link]

"The first rank"[link]

Perdiccas [link]

Main article: Perdiccas

Craterus [link]

Main article: Craterus

Antipater [link]

Main article: Antipater

"The second rank"[link]

Somatophylakes [link]

Main articles: Ptolemy I Soter, Lysimachus, Peucestas, Peithon, and Leonnatus

Macedonian satraps [link]

Main articles: Antigonus I Monophthalmus, Neoptolemus, Seleucus I Nicator, and Polyperchon

Other Successors [link]

Struggle for unity (323-319 BC)[link]

Partition of Babylon [link]

Main article: Partition of Babylon

The distribution of satrapies in the Macedonian empire after the Settlement in Babylon 323 BC

Without a chosen successor there was almost immediately a dispute among his generals as to who his successor should be. Meleager and the infantry supported the candidacy of Alexander's half-brother, Arrhidaeus, while Perdiccas, the leading cavalry commander, supported waiting until the birth of Alexander's unborn child by Roxana. A compromise was arranged – Arrhidaeus (as Philip III) should become King, and should rule jointly with Roxana's child, assuming that it was a boy (as it was, becoming Alexander IV). Perdiccas himself would become Regent of the entire Empire, and Meleager his lieutenant. Soon, however, Perdiccas had Meleager and the other infantry leaders murdered, and assumed full control.

The other cavalry generals who had supported Perdiccas were rewarded in the partition of Babylon by becoming satraps of the various parts of the Empire. Ptolemy received Egypt; Laomedon received Syria and Phoenicia; Philotas took Cilicia; Peithon took Media; Antigonus received Phrygia, Lycia and Pamphylia; Asander received Caria; Menander received Lydia; Lysimachus received Thrace; Leonnatus received Hellespontine Phrygia; and Neoptolemus had Armenia. Macedon and the rest of Greece were to be under the joint rule of Antipater, who had governed them for Alexander, and Craterus, Alexander's most able lieutenant, while Alexander's old secretary, Eumenes of Cardia, was to receive Cappadocia and Paphlagonia.

In the east, Perdiccas largely left Alexander's arrangements intact – Taxiles and Porus ruled over their kingdoms in India; Alexander's father-in-law Oxyartes ruled Gandara; Sibyrtius ruled Arachosia and Gedrosia; Stasanor ruled Aria and Drangiana; Philip ruled Bactria and Sogdiana; Phrataphernes ruled Parthia and Hyrcania; Peucestas governed Persis; Tlepolemus had charge over Carmania; Atropates governed northern Media; Archon got Babylonia; and Arcesilas ruled northern Mesopotamia.

Revolt in Greece [link]

Main article: Lamian War

Meanwhile, the news of Alexander's death had inspired a revolt in Greece, known as the Lamian War. Athens and other cities joined together, ultimately besieging Antipater in the fortress of Lamia. Antipater was relieved by a force sent by Leonnatus, who was killed in action, but the war did not come to an end until Craterus's arrival with a fleet to defeat the Athenians at the Battle of Crannon on September 5, 322 BC. For a time, this brought an end to Greek resistance to Macedonian domination. Meanwhile, Peithon suppressed a revolt of Greek settlers in the eastern parts of the Empire, and Perdiccas and Eumenes subdued Cappadocia.

First War of the Diadochi, (322–320 BC)[link]

Soon, however, conflict broke out. Perdiccas' marriage to Alexander's sister Cleopatra led Antipater, Craterus, Antigonus, and Ptolemy to join together in rebellion. The actual outbreak of war was triggered by Ptolemy's theft of Alexander's body, and diversion of it to Egypt. Although Eumenes defeated the rebels in Asia Minor, in a battle at which Craterus was killed, it was all for nought, as Perdiccas himself was murdered by his own generals Peithon, Seleucus, and Antigenes during an invasion of Egypt.

Ptolemy came to terms with Perdiccas's murderers, making Peithon and Arrhidaeus regents in his place, but soon these came to a new agreement with Antipater at the Treaty of Triparadisus. Antipater was made regent of the Empire, and the two kings were moved to Macedon. Antigonus remained in charge of Phrygia, Lycia, and Pamphylia, to which was added Lycaonia. Ptolemy retained Egypt, Lysimachus retained Thrace, while the three murderers of Perdiccas—Seleucus, Peithon, and Antigenes—were given the provinces of Babylonia, Media, and Susiana respectively. Arrhidaeus, the former Regent, received Hellespontine Phrygia. Antigonus was charged with the task of rooting out Perdiccas's former supporter, Eumenes. In effect, Antipater retained for himself control of Europe, while Antigonus, as leader of the largest army east of the Hellespont, held a similar position in Asia.

Partition of Triparadisus [link]

Main article: Partition of Triparadisus

Death of Antipater [link]

Soon after the second partition, in 319 BC, Antipater died. Antipater had been one of the few remaining individuals with enough prestige to hold the empire together, and after his death, the fragmentation of the empire would begin in earnest. War soon broke out again, however, following the death of Antipater in 319 BC. Passing over his own son, Cassander, Antipater had declared Polyperchon his successor as Regent. A civil war soon broke out in Macedon and Greece between Polyperchon and Cassander, with the latter supported by Antigonus and Ptolemy. Polyperchon allied himself to Eumenes in Asia, but was driven from Macedonia by Cassander, and fled to Epirus with the infant king Alexander IV and his mother Roxana. In Epirus he joined forces with Olympias, Alexander's mother, and together they invaded Macedon again. They were met by an army commanded by King Philip Arrhidaeus and his wife Eurydice, which immediately defected, leaving the king and Eurydice to Olympias's not so tender mercies, and they were killed (317 BC). Soon after, though, the tide turned, and Cassander was victorious, capturing and killing Olympias, and attaining control of Macedon, the boy king, and his mother.

Wars of the Diadochi (319–275 BC)[link]

Main article: Wars of the Diadochi

Kingdoms of the Diadochi (275–30 BC)[link]

Main articles: Hellenistic period and Hellenistic civilisation

Decline and fall [link]

Main article: Hellenistic Period

This division was to last for a century, before the Antigonid Kingdom finally fell to Rome, and the Seleucids were harried from Persia by the Parthians and forced by the Romans to relinquish control in Asia Minor. A rump Seleucid kingdom limped on in Syria until finally put to rest by Pompey in 64 BC. The Ptolemies lasted longer in Alexandria though as a client under Rome, Egypt was finally annexed to Rome in 30 BC.

Historical uses as a title [link]

Aulic rank title [link]

Ironically in the formal 'court' titulature of the Hellenistic empires ruled by dynasties we know as Diadochs, the title was not customary for the Monarch, but has actually been proven to be the lowest in a system of official rank titles, known as Aulic titulature, conferred – ex officio or nominatim – to actual courtiers and as an honorary rank (for protocol) to various military and civilian officials. Notably in Ptolemaic Egypt, it was reported as the lowest aulic rank, under Philos, during the reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes.

Modern revival [link]

In the modern Kingdom of Greece, established in 1832 after Greece attained independence from the Ottoman Empire (1830), under a Bavarian dynasty, the title of Diadochos was 'revived' as particular princely style for the heir, apparent or presumptive, to the constitutional royal throne, as unique as the Dauphin of France, but not linked to any territory. However, the Diadochos from 1868 until 1913 – i.e. Crown Prince Constantine, the later King Constantine I of Greece – enjoyed the specific geographic style of Duke of Sparta.

References [link]

Shipley, Graham (2000) The Greek World After Alexander. Routledge History of the Ancient World. (Routledge, New York)
Walbank, F. W. (1984) The Hellenistic World, The Cambridge Ancient History, volume VII. part I. (Cambridge)

External links [link]

Alexander's successors: the Diadochi from Livius.org (Jona Lendering)
Wiki Classical Dictionary: "Successors" category and Diadochi entry
T. Boiy, "Dating Methods During the Early Hellenistic Period", Journal of Cuneiform Studies, Vol. 52, 2000 PDF format. A recent study of primary sources for the chronology of eastern rulers during the period of the Diadochi.

The Division of Alexander's Empire

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 bar:title_thrace from:start till:end text:"Thrace" fontsize:M anchor:middle align:center width:10 color:subtitle mark:(line,white)
 bar:title_asiaw from:start till:end text:"Asia Minor (west)" fontsize:M anchor:middle align:center width:10 color:subtitle mark:(line,white)
 bar:title_asiae from:start till:end text:"Asia Minor (east)" fontsize:M anchor:middle align:center width:10 color:subtitle mark:(line,white)
 bar:title_egypt from:start till:end text:"Egypt" fontsize:M anchor:middle align:center width:10 color:subtitle mark:(line,white)
 bar:title_syria from:start till:end text:"Coele Syria" fontsize:M anchor:middle align:center width:10 color:subtitle mark:(line,white)
 bar:title_babylon from:start till:end text:"Babylonia" fontsize:M anchor:middle align:center width:10 color:subtitle mark:(line,white)
 bar:title_east from:start till:end text:"Eastern Satrapies" fontsize:M anchor:middle align:center width:10 color:subtitle mark:(line,white)
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 barset:events   
 barset:break
 at:-323 text:Death of Alexander
 at:-320 text:Assassination of Perdiccas
 at:-317 text:Battle of Paraitacene
 at:-317 text:Arrhidaeus killed
 at:-316 text:Battle of Gabiene
 barset:break
 at:-312 text:Battle of Gaza
 at:-309 text:Assassination of Alexander IV
 at:-307 text:Battle of Salamis
 at:-305 text:Siege of Rhodes
 at:-301 text:Battle of Ipsus
 barset:break
 at:-288 text:Macedon invaded by Pyrrhus
 at:-281 text:Battle of Corupedium
 at:-280 text:Gallic Invasions

 mark:(none,mark2)
 width:3
 align:left
 color:black

 bar:hist1
 from:-323 till:-317 shift:(2,0) color:arg text:Arrhidaeus
 from:-306 till:-277 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Various claimants

 bar:hist2
 from:-323 till:-309 shift:(2,0) color:arg text:Alexander IV
 from:-277 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Antigonus II

 bar:hist3 
 from:-323 till:-320 shift:(-10,0) color:oth text:Perdiccas
 from:-319 till:-309 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Polyperchon

 bar:hist4 
 from:-320 till:-319 shift:(2,0) color:pat text:Antipater

 bar:hist5
 from:-323 till:-319 shift:(2,0) color:pat text:Antipater
 from:-319 till:-318 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Polyperchon
 from:-298 till:-294 shift:(2,0) color:pat text:Alexander V
 from:-288 till:-281 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Lysimachus
 from:-277 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Antigonus II

 bar:hist6
 from:-319 till:-298 shift:(2,0) color:pat text:Cassander
 from:-294 till:-288 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Demetrius I
 from:-281 till:-277 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Anarchy
 
 bar:hist7
 from:-323 till:-319 shift:(2,0) color:pat text:Antipater
 from:-307 till:-301 shift:(-10,0) color:anti text:Antigonus I
 from:-298 till:-294 shift:(2,0) color:pat text:Alexander V
 from:-286 till:-281 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Lysimachus
 from:-277 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Antigonus II

 bar:hist8
 from:-319 till:-307 shift:(2,0) color:pat text:Cassander
 from:-301 till:-298 shift:(2,0) color:pat text:Cassander
 from:-294 till:-286 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Demetrius I
 from:-281 till:-277 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Anarchy

 bar:hist9
 from:-323 till:-319 shift:(2,0) color:pat text:Antipater
 from:-303 till:-301 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Antigonus I
 from:-286 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Antigonus II

 bar:hist10
 from:-319 till:-303 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Polyperchon
 from:-301 till:-286 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Demetrius I

 bar:hist11
 from:-323 till:-281 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Lysimachus
 from:-277 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Antigonus II

 bar:hist12
 from:-281 till:-277 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Anarchy

 bar:hist13
 from:-323 till:-320 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Eumenes
 from:-301 till:-281 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Lysimachus
 from:-281 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:sel text:Antiochus I

 bar:hist14
 from:-320 till:-301 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Antigonus I
 from:-281 till:-270 shift:(2,0)   color:att text:Philetaerus (Pergamon)

 bar:hist15
 from:-323 till:-315 shift:(2,0) color:oth text:Eumenes
 from:-301 till:-281 shift:(2,0) color:sel text:Seleucus I

 bar:hist16
 from:-315 till:-301 shift:(2,0) color:anti text:Antigonus I
 from:-281 till:-270 shift:(2,0)   color:sel text:Antiochus I

 bar:hist17
 from:-323 till:-282 shift:(2,0) color:pto text:Ptolemy I

 bar:hist18
 from:-282 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:pto text:Ptolemy II

 bar:hist19
 from:-323 till:-321 shift:(2,0) color:oth text: Laomedon of Mytilene
 from:-282 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:pto text:Ptolemy II

 bar:hist20
 from:-321 till:-282 shift:(2,0) color:pto text:Ptolemy I

 bar:hist21
 from:-323 till:-320 shift:(2,0) color:oth text: Archon of Pella
 from:-281 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:sel text:Antiochus I

 bar:hist22
 from:-320 till:-281 shift:(2,0) color:sel text:Seleucus I

 bar:hist23
 from:-323 till:-308 shift:(2,0) color:oth text: Various
 from:-281 till:-270 shift:(2,0) color:sel text:Antiochus I
 
 bar:hist24
 from:-308 till:-281 shift:(2,0) color:sel text:Seleucus I

</timeline>

v t e Alexander the Great's Generals

Philip II's Generals	Attalus Parmenion Antipater Eumenes

The Somatophylakes (Alexander's bodyguards)	Aristonous (to 323 BC) Arybbas (to 332 BC) Balacrus (to 333 BC) Demetrius (to 331 BC) Lysimachus (to 323 BC) Ptolemy (son of Seleucus) (to 333 BC) Peithon (to 323 BC) Hephaestion (to 324 BC) Menes (to 330 BC) Leonnatus (to 323 BC) Perdiccas (to 323 BC) Ptolemy (to 323 BC) Peucestas (to 323 BC)

Satraps at the Partition of Babylon	Antipater (Macedon & Greece) Philo (Illyria) Lysimachus (Thrace) Leonnatus (Hellespontine Phyrgia) Antigonus (Phyrgia) Asander (Caria) Nearchus (Lycia & Pamphylia) Menander (Lydia) Philotas⁽³⁾ (Cilicia) Eumenes (Cappadocia & Paphlagonia) Ptolemy (Egypt) Laomedon of Mytilene (Syria) Neoptolemus (Armenia) Peucestas (Babylonia) Arcesilas (Mesopotamia) Peithon (Media) Tlepolemus (Persia) Nicanor⁽²⁾ (Parthia) Antigenes (Susiana) Archon (Pelasgia) Philip (Hyrcania) Stasanor (Aria & Drangiana) Sibyrtius (Arachosia & Gedrosia) Amyntas (Bactria) Scythaeus (Sogdiana)

Satraps at the Partition of Triparadisus	Antipater (Macedon & Greece) Lysimachus (Thrace) Arrhidaeus (Hellespontine Phyrgia) Antigonus (Phyrgia Lycia & Pamphylia) Cassander (Caria) Cleitus the White (Lydia) Philoxenus (Cilicia) Nicanor⁽²⁾ (Cappadocia & Paphlagonia) Ptolemy (Egypt) Laomedon of Mytilene (Syria) Peucestas (Persia) Amphimachus (Mesopotamia) Peithon (Media) Tlepolemus (Carmania) Philip (Parthia) Antigenes (Susiana) Seleucus (Babylonia) Stasanor (Bactria & Sogdiana) Stasander (Aria & Drangiana) Sibyrtius (Arachosia & Gedrosia)

Cavalry Generals	Perdiccas Hephaestion Philotas⁽⁴⁾ Ptolemy Cleitus the Black Antigonus Lysimachus Menander Leonnatus Laomedon of Mytilene Neoptolemus Erigyius

Infantry Generals	Meleager Craterus Seleucus Polyperchon Antigenes Coenus Ptolemy (son of Seleucus)

Other or unknown command	Alcetas Amphimachus Amyntas Arcesilas Archon Asander Cleitus the White Nearchus Nicanor⁽¹⁾ Nicanor⁽²⁾ Peithon Peucestas Philip Philo Philotas⁽³⁾ Philoxenus Scythaeus Sibyrtius Stasanor Stasander Tlepolemus

⁽¹⁾ Son of Parmenion, d. 330 BC; to be distinguished from ⁽²⁾ ⁽²⁾ Satrap at Partition of Babylon; possibly Nicanor of Stageira ⁽³⁾ Satrap at Partition of Babylon ⁽⁴⁾ Son of Parmenion, d. 330 BC; to be distinguished from ⁽³⁾

v t e Hellenistic rulers

Argeads	Alexander III the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV Aegus

Antigonids	Antigonus I Monophthalmus Demetrius I Poliorcetes Antigonus II Gonatas Demetrius II Aetolicus Antigonus III Doson Philip V Perseus Philip VI (pretender)

Lagids (Ptolemies)	Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy Keraunos Meleager Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Ptolemy VIII Physcon Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra V Cleopatra VI Berenice IV Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion

Seleucids	Seleucus I Nicator Antiochus I Soter Antiochus II Theos Seleucus II Callinicus Seleucus III Soter Antiochus III the Great Seleucus IV Philopator Antiochus IV Epiphanes Antiochus V Eupator Demetrius I Soter Alexander I Balas Demetrius II Nicator Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes Alexander II Zabinas Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Seleucus VII Philometor Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus

Lysimachids	Lysimachus

Antipatrids	Cassander Philip IV Alexander V Antipater II Antipater Etesias Sosthenes

Attalids	Philetaerus Eumenes I Attalus I Eumenes II Attalus II Attalus III Eumenes III

Greco-Bactrians	Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Demetrius II Eucratides I Plato Eucratides II Heliocles I

Indo-Greeks	Demetrius I Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Apollodotus I Demetrius II Antimachus II Menander I Zoilos I Agathokleia Lysias Strato I Antialcidas Heliokles II Polyxenios Demetrius III Philoxenus Diomedes Amyntas Epander Theophilos Peukolaos Thraso Nicias Menander II Artemidoros Hermaeus Archebios Telephos Apollodotus II Hippostratos Dionysios Zoilos II Apollophanes Strato II

Kings of Bithynia	Boteiras Bas Zipoites I Nicomedes I Zipoites II Etazeta (regent) Ziaelas Prusias I Prusias II Nicomedes II Nicomedes III Nicomedes IV Socrates Chrestus

Kings of the Pontus	Mithridates I Ctistes Ariobarzanes Mithridates II Mithridates III Pharnaces I Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos Mithridates V Euergetes Mithridates VI Eupator Pharnaces II Darius Arsaces Polemon I Pythodorida Polemon II

Kings of Commagene	Ptolemaeus Sames II Mithridates I Antiochus I Mithridates II Antiochus II Mithridates III Antiochus III Antiochus IV

Kings of Cappadocia	Ariarathes I Ariarathes II Ariamnes II Ariarathes III Ariarathes IV Ariarathes V Orophernes Ariarathes VI Ariarathes VII Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes IX Ariobarzanes I Ariobarzanes II Ariobarzanes III Ariarathes X Archelaus

Kings of the Cimmerian Bosporus	Mithridates I Pharnaces Asander with Dynamis Mithridates II Asander with Dynamis Scribonius’ attempted rule with Dynamis Dynamis with Polemon Polemon with Pythodorida Aspurgus Mithridates III with Gepaepyris Mithridates III Cotys I incorporated a part of the Roman Province of Moesia Inferior Rhescuporis I briefly with Eunice Sauromates I Cotys II Rhoemetalces Eupator Sauromates II Rhescuporis II Rhescuporis III Cotys III Sauromates III Rhescuporis IV Ininthimeus Rhescuporis V Pharsanzes Synges Teiranes Sauromates IV Theothorses Rhescuporis VI Rhadamsades

v t e Ancient Greek wars

Wars of Mycenean Greece	Trojan War

Wars of Archaic Greece	First Messenian War Lelantine War Second Messenian War First Sacred War Sicilian Wars

Wars of Classical Greece	Greco-Persian Wars Aeginetan War Wars of the Delian League First Peloponnesian War Second Sacred War Samian War Second Peloponnesian War Corinthian War Wars of the Theban hegemony Social War (357–355 BC) Third Sacred War Foreign War Rise of Macedon Wars of Alexander the Great

Wars of Hellenistic Greece	Wars over Alexander's empire Lamian War Chremonidean War Cleomenean War Social War (220–217 BC) Cretan War Aetolian War War against Nabis Maccabean Revolt

Military history

Politics

Life

Philosophers	Anaxagoras Anaximander Anaximenes Antisthenes Aristotle Democritus Diogenes of Sinope Epicurus Empedocles Heraclitus Hypatia Leucippus Gorgias Parmenides Plato Protagoras Pythagoras Socrates Thales Zeno

Authors	Aeschylus Aesop Alcaeus Archilochus Aristophanes Bacchylides Euripides Herodotus Hesiod Hipponax Homer Ibycus Lucian Menander Mimnermus Pindar Plutarch Polybius Sappho Simonides Sophocles Stesichorus Thucydides Theognis Timocreon Tyrtaeus Xenophon

Others	Alexander the Great Alcibiades Archimedes Aspasia Demosthenes Epaminondas Euclid Hipparchus Hippocrates Leonidas Lycurgus Lysander Milo of Croton Miltiades Pausanias Pericles Philip of Macedon Ptolemy Pyrrhus Solon Themistocles

Groups	Playwrights Poets Philosophers Tyrants Mythological figures

Cultures	Ancient Greek tribes Greeks Thracian Greeks Ancient Macedonians

Proto-Greek
Mycenaean
Homeric
Dialects
- Aeolic
- Arcadocypriot
- Attic
- Doric
- Ionic
- Locrian
- Macedonian
- Pamphylian
Koine

Writing

Lists

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diadochi

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

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Contents

Background [link]

Diadochi [link]

"The first rank"[link]

Perdiccas [link]

Craterus [link]

Antipater [link]

"The second rank"[link]

Somatophylakes [link]

Macedonian satraps [link]

Other Successors [link]

Royal family [link]

Non-Macedonian satraps and generals [link]

Sons of the Diadochi [link]

Struggle for unity (323-319 BC)[link]

Partition of Babylon [link]

Revolt in Greece [link]

First War of the Diadochi, (322–320 BC)[link]

Partition of Triparadisus [link]

Death of Antipater [link]

Wars of the Diadochi (319–275 BC)[link]

Kingdoms of the Diadochi (275–30 BC)[link]

Decline and fall [link]

Historical uses as a title [link]

Aulic rank title [link]

Modern revival [link]

References [link]

External links [link]

http://wn.com/Diadochi

Related pages:

http://it.wn.com/Diadochi

http://es.wn.com/Diádocos

http://ru.wn.com/Диадохи

http://de.wn.com/Diadochen