- published: 23 Mar 2008
- views: 651829
- author: dementNr1
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- Als Island
- Angeln
- Angles
- Angling
- Anglo-Saxons
- Angrivarii
- Austria
- Bay of Kiel
- Bight (geography)
- Bundesland
- Danish language
- Denmark
- East Anglia
- Elbe
- England
- English language
- English Midlands
- Essex
- Estuary
- Fertility
- Fish
- Flensburg
- Flensburg Fjord
- Flensburger Förde
- Franks
- Friesland
- German language
- Germanic languages
- Germanic people
- Germany
- Gods
- Great Britain
- Grimm's Law
- Hardanger
- Hedeby
- Ingaevones
- Isted Lion
- Julius Pokorny
- Jutes
- Jutland
- Kent
- Landform
- Latin language
- Lower Saxony
- Mercia
- MV Angeln
- Northern England
- Northumbria
- Oder
- Peninsula
- Picts
- Pommerby
- Prussia
- Rhine
- Saxons
- Scandinavia
- Schlei
- Schleswig
- Schleswig-Holstein
- Schwansen
- Scotland
- Seine
- Southern Jutland
- Southern Schleswig
- SS Angeln
- Sussex
- Thorsberg moor
- Vikings
- Vortigern
- Wessex
- Western Pomerania
- World War I
- Yngvi
-
Angeln
Modern Angeln, also known as Anglia (German: Angeln, Danish: Angel, Latin: Anglia), is a small peninsula (within the larger Jutland peninsula) in Southern Schleswig in the northern Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, protruding into the Bay of Kiel. It is separated from the neighbouring peninsula of Schwansen (Danish: Svans or Svansø) by the Schlei inlet, and from the Danish island of Als by the Flensburger Förde ("Firth of Flensburg"). Whether ancient Angeln conformed to these borders is uncertain. It may have been somewhat larger; however, the ancient sources mainly concur that it included the territory of modern Angeln. Angeln has a significance far beyond its current small area and country terrain, in that it is believed to have been the original home of the Angles, Germanic immigrants to central and northern England, and East Anglia. This migration led to their new homeland being named after them, from which the name "England" derives. Both England and the English language, thus, ultimately derive their names from the Angles and Angeln.
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Austria
Austria (
i/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] (
listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German: 
Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.
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Bay of Kiel
The Bay of Kiel (German: Kieler Bucht; Danish: Kiel Bugt) is a bay in the southwestern Baltic Sea, off the shores of Schleswig-Holstein in Germany and the islands of Denmark. It is connected with the Bay of Mecklenburg in the east, the Little Belt in the northwest, and the Great Belt in the North.
Maritime traffic entering or leaving the Baltic through the two Belts must enter the bay. Once in, through traffic to the Baltic passes through another strait, the Fehmarn Belt, into the Bay of Mecklenburg, which opens out into the Baltic Sea. In the other direction, traffic can either pass northward through the Great Belt, keeping Langeland on the port side, or enter the Kiel Fjord and traverse the Kiel Canal directly to the mouth of the Elbe River and the North Sea. The Kiel Fjord ends at Kiel, the capital of Schleswig-Holstein.
The southwest shore of the bay is the coast of Schleswig-Holstein. From the latter drains the Schlei inlet, actually a brackish estuary, at the head of which is the city named after it, Schleswig. In that coast also are two other smaller bays: the Eckernförde Bay and the Flensburg Fjord. In the north are the Danish islands of Als, Ærø, and Langeland.
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Denmark
The Kingdom of Denmark (Danish: Kongeriget Danmark, pronounced [ˈkɔŋəʁiːəð ˈdanmɑɡ̊] ( listen)) is a constitutional monarchy and sovereign state consisting the country of Denmark in northern Europe and two autonomous constituent countries, the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland in North America. The kingdom is a unitary state with some power being devolved from Denmark proper to Greenland and the Faroe Islands; this polity is referred to as the Danish Realm. Denmark proper is the hegemonial area, where judicial, executive, and legislative power resides. The Faroe Islands are defined to be a community of people within the kingdom, and the Greenlandic people are defined as a separate people with the right to self-determination.
Denmark is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, located southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland and many islands, most notably Zealand, Funen, Lolland, Falster and Bornholm, as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago.
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East Anglia
East Anglia is a traditional name for a region of eastern England, named after an ancient Anglo-Saxon kingdom, the Kingdom of the East Angles. The Angles took their name from their homeland Angeln, in northern Germany. East Anglia initially consisted of Norfolk and Suffolk, but upon the marriage of the East Anglian princess Etheldreda, the Isle of Ely also became part of the kingdom. Formerly a standard statistical region, for administrative purposes East Anglia now forms part of the East of England government office region and is defined as a Level 2 Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, comprising the counties of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire including the city of Peterborough unitary authority area.
The Kingdom of the East Angles, formed about the year 520 by the merging of the North and the South Folk (Angles who had settled in the former lands of the Iceni during the previous century) was one of the seven Anglo-Saxon heptarchy kingdoms (as defined in the 12th century writings of Henry of Huntingdon). For a brief period following a victory over the rival kingdom of Northumbria around the year 616, East Anglia was the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England, and its king Raedwald was Bretwalda (overlord of the Anglo-Saxons kingdoms). But this did not last: over the next forty years, East Anglia was defeated by the Mercians twice, and it continued to weaken relative to the other kingdoms until in 794, Offa of Mercia had its king Æthelberht killed and took control of the kingdom himself.
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England
Englandi/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
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Flensburg Fjord
Flensburg Fjord (German: Flensburger Förde; Danish: Flensborg Fjord), occasionally known as Flensburg Firth, is a 50 km long inlet of the Baltic Sea. The fjord or firth forms part of the border between Germany to the south and Denmark to the north.
On the Danish side lies the island of Als with the town of Sønderborg. Towards the west, continuing on the Danish side are Broager, Egemsund, Gråsten, Rinkenæs, Sønderhav, and Kollund.
At the inner German side is the town of Flensburg. At the eastern shore is the town of Glücksburg.
Coordinates: 54°47′45″N 9°25′44″E / 54.79594°N 9.42902°E / 54.79594; 9.42902
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Flensburger Förde
Flensburg Fjord (German: Flensburger Förde; Danish: Flensborg Fjord), occasionally known as Flensburg Firth, is a 50 km long inlet of the Baltic Sea. The fjord or firth forms part of the border between Germany to the south and Denmark to the north.
On the Danish side lies the island of Als with the town of Sønderborg. Towards the west, continuing on the Danish side are Broager, Egemsund, Gråsten, Rinkenæs, Sønderhav, and Kollund.
At the inner German side is the town of Flensburg. At the eastern shore is the town of Glücksburg.
Coordinates: 54°47′45″N 9°25′44″E / 54.79594°N 9.42902°E / 54.79594; 9.42902
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Germany
Germany (i/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
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Great Britain
Great Britain or Britain (Welsh: Prydain Fawr, Scottish Gaelic: Breatainn Mhòr, Cornish: Breten Veur) is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, the largest European island, and the largest of the British Isles. With a population of about 60.0 million people in mid-2009, it is the third most populous island in the world, after Java and Honshū. Great Britain is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets. The island of Ireland lies to its west. Politically, Great Britain may also refer to the island itself together with a number of surrounding islands which comprise the territory of England, Scotland and Wales.
All of the island is territory of the sovereign state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and most of the United Kingdom's territory is in Great Britain. Most of England, Scotland, and Wales are on the island of Great Britain, as are their respective capital cities: London, Edinburgh, and Cardiff.
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Hardanger
Hardanger is a traditional district in the western part of Norway, dominated by the Hardangerfjord. It consists of the municipalities of Odda, Ullensvang, Eidfjord, Ulvik, Granvin, Kvam and Jondal, and is located inside the county of Hordaland.
In the early Viking Age, before Harald Fairhair, Hardanger was a petty kingdom with its capital at Kinsarvik.
The Norse form of the name was Harðangr. The first element could be harðr 'hard' (referring to wind and weather), or it could be the same as in the name of the county it lies (see Hordaland). The last element is angr m 'fjord' (the name originally belonged to the fjord, now called Hardangerfjord).
The region is one of Norway's most important sources of fruit and constitutes approximately 40% of the national fruit production, including apple, plum, pear, wild cherry and redcurrant. Apples have been cultivated in Hardanger since the 14th century, the agricultural experience brought by English monks who first arrived at Lyse Abbey in 1146. The climate, soil and seasonal conditions of the region are believed to be particularly beneficial to the growth of apples. In 2005, juice produced from Hardanger apples became Norway's third product to be granted protection of origin name, with applications pending for other regional produce.
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Hedeby
Hedeby (Danish pronunciation: [ˈheːð̩byːˀ], Old Norse Heiðabýr, German Haithabu) was an important trading settlement in the Danish-northern German borderland during the Viking Age. It flourished from the 8th to the 11th centuries.
The site is located towards the southern end of the Jutland Peninsula. It developed as a trading centre at the head of a narrow, navigable inlet known as the Schlei, which connects to the Baltic Sea. The location was favorable because there is a short portage of less than 15 km to the Treene River, which flows into the Eider with its North Sea estuary, making it a convenient place where goods and ships could be ported overland for an almost uninterrupted seaway between the Baltic and the North Sea and avoid a dangerous circumnavigation of Jutland.
Hedeby was the largest Nordic city during the Viking Age and used to be the oldest city in Denmark until the site became part of Germany.
The city of Schleswig was later founded on the other side of the Schlei, and gave the duchy its name. Old records mention two bridges connecting the two towns. Hedeby was abandoned after its destruction in 1066.
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Kent
Kent /ˈkɛnt/ is a county in South East England, and one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of Medway. Kent has a nominal border with France halfway through the Channel Tunnel. Maidstone is its county town and historically Rochester and Canterbury have been accorded city status, though only the latter still holds it.
Kent's location between London and the continental Europe has led to its being in the front line of several conflicts, including the Battle of Britain during World War II. East Kent was known as Hell Fire Corner during the conflict. England has relied on the county's ports to provide warships through much of the past 800 years; the Cinque Ports in the 12th–14th centuries and Chatham Dockyard in the 16th–20th centuries were of particular importance to the country's security. France can be seen clearly in fine weather from Folkestone, and the iconic White Cliffs of Dover.
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Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony (German: Niedersachsen [ˈniːdɐzaksən], Low German: Neddersassen) is a German state situated in northwestern Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany. In rural areas Northern Low Saxon, a dialect of Low German, is still spoken, but the number of speakers is declining.
Lower Saxony borders on (from north and clockwise) the North Sea, the states of Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia, and the Kingdom of the Netherlands. In fact, Lower Saxony borders more neighbours than any other single federal state. The state of Bremen forms two enclaves within Lower Saxony, one being the city of Bremen, the other, its seaport city of Bremerhaven. The state's principal cities include Hanover, Brunswick, Lüneburg, Osnabrück, Oldenburg, and Göttingen.
The northwestern area of Lower Saxony, which lies on the coast of the North Sea, is called East Frisia and the seven East Frisian Islands offshore are popular with tourists. In the extreme west of Lower Saxony is the Emsland, a traditionally poor and sparsely populated area, once dominated by inaccessible swamps. The northern half of Lower Saxony, also known as the North German Plains, is almost invariably flat except for the gentle hills around the Bremen geestland. Towards the south and southwest lie the northern parts of the German Central Uplands: the Weser Uplands and the Harz mountains. Between these two lie the Lower Saxon Hills, a range of low ridges.
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Mercia
Mercia ( /ˈmɜrsiə/, /ˈmɜrʃə/) was one of the kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. It was centred on the valley of the River Trent and its tributaries in the region now known as the English Midlands. The name is a Latinisation of the Old English Mierce or Myrce, meaning "border people".
Mercia's neighbours included Northumbria, Powys and the kingdoms of southern Wales, Wessex, Sussex, Essex and East Anglia.
The name Mercia is still in use today by a wide range of organisations, including military units, public, commercial and voluntary bodies; and occurs as a female given name.
Mercia's exact evolution from the Anglo-Saxon invasions is more obscure than that of Northumbria, Kent, or even Wessex. Also, Mercia developed an effective political structure and adopted Christianity later than the other kingdoms. Archaeological surveys show that Angles settled the lands north of the River Thames by the 6th century. The name Mercia is Old English for "boundary folk" (see Welsh Marches), and the traditional interpretation is that the kingdom originated along the frontier between the native Welsh and the Anglo-Saxon invaders. However, P. Hunter Blair argued an alternative interpretation: that they emerged along the frontier of Northumbria and the inhabitants of the Trent river valley.
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Northern England
Northern England, also known as the North of England, the North or the North Country, is a cultural region of England. It is not an official government region, but rather an informal amalgamation of counties. The southern extent of the region is roughly the River Trent, while the North is bordered by Scotland.
Northern England comprises three regions of England - the North East, North West and Yorkshire and the Humber. The counties of Northern England combined have a population of around 14.5 million covering an area of 37,331 km2 (14,414 sq mi).
During antiquity most of the area was part of Brigantia — homeland of the Brigantes and the largest Brythonic kingdom of Great Britain. After the Roman conquest of Britain the city of York became capital of the area, called Britannia Inferior then Britannia Secunda. In Sub-Roman Britain new Brythonic kingdoms of the Hen Ogledd emerged. The Angle settlers created Bernicia and Deira from which came Northumbria and a Golden Age in cultural, scholarly and monastic activity, centred around Lindisfarne and aided by Irish monks.Norse and Gaelic Viking raiders gained control of much of the area, creating the Danelaw. During this time there were close relations with Mann and the Isles, Dublin and Norway. Northumbria was unified with the rest of England under Eadred around 952.
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Northumbria
Northumbria (Old English: Norþanhymbra / Norþhymbre) was a mediæval kingdom of the Angles, in what is now Northern England and South-East Scotland, becoming subsequently an earldom in a united Anglo-Saxon kingdom of England. The name reflects the approximate southern limit to the kingdom's territory, the Humber Estuary.
Northumbria was formed by Æthelfrith in central Great Britain in Anglo-Saxon times. At the beginning of the 7th century the two kingdoms of Bernicia and Deira were unified. (In the 12th century writings of Henry of Huntingdon the kingdom was defined as one of the Heptarchy of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms.) At its greatest the kingdom extended at least from just south of the Humber, to the River Mersey and to the Forth (roughly, Sheffield to Runcorn to Edinburgh) – and there is some evidence that it may have been much greater (see map).
The later (and smaller) earldom came about when the southern part of Northumbria (ex-Deira) was lost to the Danelaw. The northern part (ex-Bernicia) at first retained its status as a kingdom but when it become subordinate to the Danish kingdom it had its powers curtailed to that of an earldom, and retained that status when England was reunited by the Wessex-led reconquest of the Danelaw. The earldom was bounded by the River Tees in the south and the River Tweed in the north (broadly similar to the modern North East England).
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Schleswig
Schleswig or Southern Jutland (Danish: Sønderjylland or Slesvig; German: Schleswig; Low German: Sleswig; North Frisian: Slaswik or Sleesweg) is a region covering the area about 60 km north and 70 km south of the border between Germany and Denmark; the territory has been divided between the two countries since 1920, with Northern Schleswig in Denmark and Southern Schleswig in Germany. The region is also known archaically in English as Sleswick.
The area's traditional significance lies in the transfer of goods between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, connecting the trade route through Russia with the trade routes along the Rhine and the Atlantic coast (see also Kiel Canal).
Roman sources place the homeland of the Jute tribe north of the river Eider and that of the Angles to its south who in turn abutted the neighbouring Saxons. Towards the end of the Early Middle Ages, Schleswig formed part of the historical Lands of Denmark as Denmark unified out of a number of petty chiefdoms in the 8th to 10th centuries (The heyday of the Viking incursions).
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Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein (pronounced [ˈʃleːsvɪç ˈhɔlʃtaɪn] ( listen)) is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig. Its capital city is Kiel; other notable cities are Lübeck, Flensburg and Neumünster.
The former English name was Sleswick-Holsatia, the Danish name is Slesvig-Holsten, the Low German name is Sleswig-Holsteen, the Dutch name is Sleeswijk-Holstein and the North Frisian name is Slaswik-Holstiinj. Historically, the name can also refer to a larger region, containing both present-day Schleswig-Holstein and the former South Jutland County (Northern Schleswig) in Denmark.
The term "Holstein" derives from Old Saxon, Holseta Land, meaning "the land of those who dwell in the wood" (Holz and Holt mean wood in modern Standardised German and in literary English respectively). Originally, it referred to the central of the three Saxon tribes north of the Elbe river, Tedmarsgoi, Holcetae, and Sturmarii. The area of the Holcetae was between the Stör river and Hamburg, and after Christianization their main church was in Schenefeld. Saxon Holstein became a part of the Holy Roman Empire after Charlemagne's Saxon campaigns in the late eighth century. Since 811 the northern frontier of Holstein (and thus the Empire) was marked by the river Eider.
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Schwansen
Schwansen (Danish: Svans or Svansø, meaning "swan island") is a peninsula in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, protruding into the Baltic Sea. It is located between the Eckernförde Bay in the south and the Schlei inlet in the north.
The Danish dialect South Jutlandic was still spoken in Schwansen around 1780 (the last time in the villages near the Schlei). Denmark lost Schwansen during the Second Schleswig War in 1864.
Schwansen is the name of the Amt ("collective municipality") Schwansen, which covers most of the peninsula. The seat of the Amt is in Damp.
Coordinates: 54°34′N 9°54′E / 54.567°N 9.9°E / 54.567; 9.9
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Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba ([ˈalˠ̪apə] listen (help·info))) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland constitutes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. Edinburgh was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third largest city in Scotland, the title of Europe's oil capital.
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Thorsberg moor
The Thorsberg moor (German: Thorsberger Moor, Danish: Thorsberg Mose or Thorsbjerg Mose, Tosbarch, Tåsbjerre "Thor's hill") near Süderbrarup in Anglia, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, is a peat bog in which the Angles deposited votive offerings for approximately four centuries. It is the location of important Roman Iron Age finds, including early Elder Futhark runic inscriptions such as the Thorsberg chape, a Roman helmet, a shield buckle, and an early example of socks (attached to trousers). The finds are of similar importance as the contemporaneous finds from Illerup and Vimose in Denmark.
The moor was excavated in 1858–1861 by Flensburg teacher Helvig Conrad Engelhardt. The objects recovered by Engelhardt are on exhibit in the state museum of archaeology at Gottorf Castle; another 500 finds are on exhibit in the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen.
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Wessex
The Kingdom of Wessex ( /ˈwɛsɨks/) or Kingdom of the West Saxons (Old English: Westseaxna rīce) was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the West Saxons in South West England, from the 6th century until the emergence of a united English state under the Wessex dynasty in the 10th century. It was to be an earldom after Canute the Great's conquest of 1016, from 1020 to 1066. After the Norman Conquest there was a dissolution of the English earldoms and Wessex was split among the followers of William the Conqueror.
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Alfred the Great
Alfred the Great (Old English: Ælfrēd, Ælfrǣd, "elf counsel"; 849 – 26 October 899) was King of Wessex from 871 to 899.
Alfred successfully defended his kingdom against the Viking attempt at conquest, and by his death had become the dominant ruler in England. He is the only English monarch to be accorded the epithet "the Great". Alfred was the first King of the West Saxons to style himself "King of the Anglo-Saxons". Details of his life are described in a work by the 10th century Welsh scholar and bishop Asser. Alfred was a learned and merciful man who encouraged education and improved his kingdom's legal system and military structure.
Alfred was born in the village of Wanating, now Wantage, Oxfordshire. He was the youngest son of King Æthelwulf of Wessex, by his first wife, Osburh.
In 853, at the age of four, Alfred is said to have been sent to Rome where, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, he was confirmed by Pope Leo IV who "anointed him as king". Victorian writers interpreted this as an anticipatory coronation in preparation for his ultimate succession to the throne of Wessex. However, his succession could not have been foreseen at the time, as Alfred had three living elder brothers. A letter of Leo IV shows that Alfred was made a "consul"; a misinterpretation of this investiture, deliberate or accidental, could explain later confusion. It may also be based on Alfred's later having accompanied his father on a pilgrimage to Rome where he spent some time at the court of Charles the Bald, King of the Franks, around 854–855.
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Angles
The Angles is a modern English term for a Germanic people who took their name from the ancestral cultural region of Angeln, a district located in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The Angles were one of the main groups that settled in Britain in the post-Roman period, founding several of the kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England, and their name is the root of the name "England".
The name of the Angles is first recorded in Latinized form, as Anglii, in the Germania of Tacitus. The name is usually derived from a toponym, Angeln, from a Germanic word *anguz meaning "narrow" (of an estuary) or "angular" (of the shape of the Jutland peninsula).
Gregory the Great in an epistle simplified the Latinized name Anglii to Angli, the latter form developing into the preferred form of the word. The country remained Anglia in Latin. King Alfred's (Alfred the Great) translation of Orosius' history of the world uses Angelcynn (-kin) to describe England and the English people; Bede used Angelfolc (-folk); there are also such forms as Engel, Englan (the people), Englaland, and Englisc, all showing i-mutation.
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Anglo-Saxons
The term Anglo-Saxon is used by some historians to designate the Germanic tribes who invaded and settled the south and east of Britain beginning in the early 5th century and the period from their creation of the English nation up to the Norman conquest. The Anglo-Saxon era denotes the period of English history between about 550 and 1066. The term is also used for the language, now known as Old English, that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons and their descendants in England (and part of southeastern Scotland) between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century.
The Benedictine monk Bede, writing in the early 8th century, identified the English as the descendants of three Germanic tribes:
Their language, Old English, which derived from Ingvaeonic West Germanic dialects, transformed into Middle English from the 11th century. Old English was divided into four main dialects: West Saxon, Mercian, Northumbrian and Kentish.
The term Anglo-Saxon can be found in documents produced in the time of Alfred the Great, who seems to have frequently used the titles rex Anglorum Saxonum and rex Angul-Saxonum (king of the English Saxons). The Old English terms ænglisc ('Angle-kin') and Angelcynn ('gens Anglorum') had already lost their original sense of referring to the Angles, as distinct from the Saxons, when they are first attested. In their earliest sense they referred to the nation of Germanic peoples who settled eastern Britain from the 5th century.[citation needed] The indigenous Britons, who wrote in both Latin and Welsh, referred to these invaders as 'Saxones' or 'Saeson' – the word Saeson is the modern Welsh word for 'English people'; the equivalent word in Scottish Gaelic is Sasannach and in the Irish language, Sasanach.
wn.com/Anglo-Saxons -
Austria
Austria (i/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] ( listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.
wn.com/Austria -
Franks
The Franks (Latin: Franci or gens Francorum) were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as populating a broad strip of land on the right bank of the Lower and Middle Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a kingdom on Roman-held soil that was acknowledged by the Romans after 357. In the climate of the collapse of imperial authority in the West, the Frankish tribes were united under the Merovingians and conquered all of Gaul except Septimania in the 6th century. The Salian political elite was one of the most active forces in spreading Christianity over western Europe. The Franks had created one of the most strong and stable barbaric kingdoms.
The Merovingian dynasty, descended from the Salians, founded one of the Germanic monarchies which replaced the Western Roman Empire from the fifth century. The Frankish state consolidated its hold over large parts of western Europe by the end of the eighth century, developing into the Carolingian Empire which dominated most of Western Europe. This empire would gradually evolve into France and the Holy Roman Empire.
wn.com/Franks -
Germanic languages
The Germanic languages constitute a sub-branch of the Indo-European (IE) language family. The common ancestor of all of the languages in this branch is called Proto-Germanic (also known as Common Germanic), which was spoken in approximately the mid-1st millennium BC in Iron Age northern Europe. Proto-Germanic, along with all of its descendants, is characterized by a number of unique linguistic features, most famously the consonant change known as Grimm's law. Early varieties of Germanic enter history with the Germanic peoples moving south from northern Europe in the 2nd century BC, to settle in north-central Europe.
The most widely spoken Germanic languages are English and German, with approximately 300–400 million and over 100 million native speakers respectively. They belong to the West Germanic family. The West Germanic group also includes other major languages, such as Dutch with 23 million and Afrikaans with over 6 million native speakers;. The North Germanic languages include Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, Icelandic, and Faroese, which have a combined total of about 20 million speakers. The SIL Ethnologue lists 53 different Germanic languages.
wn.com/Germanic_languages -
Julius Pokorny
Julius Pokorny (June 12, 1887 – April 8, 1970) was an Austrian linguist and scholar of the Celtic languages, particularly Irish, and a supporter of Irish nationalism. He held academic posts in Austrian and German universities.
He was born in Prague, Austria–Hungary, and educated at the Piarist School in Prague and the Benedictine Abbey school in Kremsmünster, Austria. From 1905 until 1911 he studied at the University of Vienna, graduating in law and philology, and he taught there from 1913 to 1920. Roger Casement was in correspondence with Pokorny in Austria from Berlin in March 1916. He also served as a reservist in the Austrian Army during World War I.
In 1920 he succeeded Kuno Meyer as Chair of Celtic philology at Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin. Although baptised Catholic at birth and being sympathetic to German nationalism, he was suspended in 1933 under the Nazi Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, because of his Jewish ancestry. He was reinstated later that year under the exemption for those who had worn the uniform of Germany or its allies in World War I, which had been insisted on by President Paul von Hindenburg before he signed the bill into law. In 1935 he was dismissed under the provisions of the racist Nuremberg Laws. He continued to live more or less openly in Berlin until at least 1939, but lived a shadowy existence there from around 1940. He escaped to Switzerland in 1943, where he taught for a few years at the University of Berne and at the University of Zürich until his retirement in 1959.
wn.com/Julius_Pokorny -
Jutes
The Jutes, Iuti, or Iutæ (pronounced /dʒuːts/) were a Germanic people who, according to Bede, were one of the three most powerful Germanic peoples of their time, the other two being the Saxons and the Angles. They are believed to have originated from Jutland peninsula (called Iutum in Latin) in modern Denmark,Southern Schleswig (Southern Jutland) and part of the East Frisian coast in northern Germany.
Bede places the homeland of the Jutes on the other side of the Angles relative to the Saxons, which would mean the northern part of the Jutland Peninsula. Tacitus portrays a people called the Eudoses living in the north of Jutland and these may have been the later Iutae. The Jutes have also been identified with the Eotenas (ēotenas) involved in the Frisian conflict with the Danes as described in the Finnesburg episode in the poem Beowulf (lines 1068–1159). Others have interpreted the ēotenas as jotuns ("ettins" in English), meaning giants, or as a kenning for "enemies."
Disagreeing with Bede, some historians identify the Jutes with people called the Eucii (or Saxones Eucii) who were evidently associated with the Saxons and dependents of the Franks in 536. The Eucii may have been identical with an obscure tribe called the Euthiones and probably associated with the Saxons. The Euthiones are mentioned in a poem by Venantius Fortunatus (583) as being under the suzerainty of Chilperic I of the Franks. This identification would agree well with the later location of the Jutes in Kent, since the area just opposite of Kent on the European mainland (present-day Flanders) was part of Francia. Even if Jutes were present to the south of the Saxons in the Rhineland or near the Frisians, this does not contradict the possibility that they were migrants from Jutland.
wn.com/Jutes -
Mercia
Mercia ( /ˈmɜrsiə/, /ˈmɜrʃə/) was one of the kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. It was centred on the valley of the River Trent and its tributaries in the region now known as the English Midlands. The name is a Latinisation of the Old English Mierce or Myrce, meaning "border people".
Mercia's neighbours included Northumbria, Powys and the kingdoms of southern Wales, Wessex, Sussex, Essex and East Anglia.
The name Mercia is still in use today by a wide range of organisations, including military units, public, commercial and voluntary bodies; and occurs as a female given name.
Mercia's exact evolution from the Anglo-Saxon invasions is more obscure than that of Northumbria, Kent, or even Wessex. Also, Mercia developed an effective political structure and adopted Christianity later than the other kingdoms. Archaeological surveys show that Angles settled the lands north of the River Thames by the 6th century. The name Mercia is Old English for "boundary folk" (see Welsh Marches), and the traditional interpretation is that the kingdom originated along the frontier between the native Welsh and the Anglo-Saxon invaders. However, P. Hunter Blair argued an alternative interpretation: that they emerged along the frontier of Northumbria and the inhabitants of the Trent river valley.
wn.com/Mercia -
Picts
The Picts were a group of Late Iron Age and Early Mediaeval Celtic people living in ancient eastern and northern Scotland. There is an association with the geographical distribution of brochs, Brythonic place name elements, and Pictish stones. Picts are recorded from before the Roman conquest of Britain until the 10th century, when they merged with the Gaels. They lived to the north of the rivers Forth and Clyde, and spoke the extinct Pictish language, thought to have been related to the Brythonic languages spoken by the Britons to the south. They are assumed to have been the descendants of the Caledonii and other tribes named by Roman historians or found on the world map of Ptolemy. Pictland, also known as Pictavia, gradually merged with the Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata to form the Kingdom of Alba (Scotland). Alba expanded, absorbing the Brythonic kingdom of Strathclyde and Bernician Lothian, and by the 11th century the Pictish identity had been subsumed into the "Scots" amalgamation of peoples.
wn.com/Picts -
Saxons
The Saxons (Latin: Saxones, Old English: Seaxe, Old Saxon: Sahson, Low German: Sassen) were a confederation of Germanic tribes on the North German plain, who during the Middle Ages migrated to the British Isles and formed part of the Anglo-Saxons.
The Saxons were originally Ingvaeonic tribes, whose earliest known area of settlement is Northern Albingia, an area approximately that of modern Holstein. This area overlapped the area of the Angles, a tribe with which they were frequently closely linked. Saxons participated in the Germanic settlement of Britain during and after the fifth century. It is unknown how many migrated from the continent to Britain, though estimates for the total number of Anglo-Saxon settlers are around two hundred thousand. During the Middle ages, because of international Hanseatic trading routes and contingent migration during the Middle Ages, Saxons mixed with and had strong influences upon the languages and cultures of the North Germanic and Baltic and Finnic peoples, and also upon the Polabian Slavs and Pomeranian West Slavic people.
wn.com/Saxons -
Thorsberg moor
The Thorsberg moor (German: Thorsberger Moor, Danish: Thorsberg Mose or Thorsbjerg Mose, Tosbarch, Tåsbjerre "Thor's hill") near Süderbrarup in Anglia, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, is a peat bog in which the Angles deposited votive offerings for approximately four centuries. It is the location of important Roman Iron Age finds, including early Elder Futhark runic inscriptions such as the Thorsberg chape, a Roman helmet, a shield buckle, and an early example of socks (attached to trousers). The finds are of similar importance as the contemporaneous finds from Illerup and Vimose in Denmark.
The moor was excavated in 1858–1861 by Flensburg teacher Helvig Conrad Engelhardt. The objects recovered by Engelhardt are on exhibit in the state museum of archaeology at Gottorf Castle; another 500 finds are on exhibit in the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen.
wn.com/Thorsberg_moor -
Wessex
The Kingdom of Wessex ( /ˈwɛsɨks/) or Kingdom of the West Saxons (Old English: Westseaxna rīce) was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the West Saxons in South West England, from the 6th century until the emergence of a united English state under the Wessex dynasty in the 10th century. It was to be an earldom after Canute the Great's conquest of 1016, from 1020 to 1066. After the Norman Conquest there was a dissolution of the English earldoms and Wessex was split among the followers of William the Conqueror.
wn.com/Wessex -
World War I
World War I (WWI), which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939 (World War II), and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. It involved all the world's great powers, which were assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the United Kingdom, France and Russia) and the Central Powers (originally centred around the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy; but, as Austria–Hungary had taken the offensive against the agreement, Italy did not enter into the war). These alliances both reorganised (Italy fought for the Allies), and expanded as more nations entered the war. Ultimately more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, largely because of enormous increases in lethality of weapons, thanks to new technology, without corresponding improvements in protection or mobility. It was the sixth-deadliest conflict in world history, subsequently paving the way for various political changes such as revolutions in the nations involved.
wn.com/World_War_I
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Eva Dahlgren - Ängeln i rummet
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:04
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
Eva Dahlgren - Ängeln i rummet (1989)
http://wn.com/Eva_Dahlgren_Ängeln_i_rummet
Angeln auf Barsch - Raubfischjagd auf dem Wittensee
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:45
- Updated: 24 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_auf_Barsch_Raubfischjagd_auf_dem_Wittensee
Angeln auf Brassen: Mit Gummiband und Wurm!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:47
- Updated: 27 Nov 2012
Friedfischangler aufgepasst! Angeln mit Haar kennt jeder aber angeln mit Gummiband wohl kaum. Rolf Schwarzer zeigt wie man mit hilfe einen Gummibandes einen Wurm beködert. Das ganze nennt sich dann "banded worm" und kommt aus England. angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_auf_Brassen_Mit_Gummiband_und_Wurm!
Angeln auf Wels und Stör - Fischzucht Wagner
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 91:41
- Updated: 24 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_auf_Wels_und_Stör_Fischzucht_Wagner
Angeln - Überraschung beim Hechtangeln
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:21
- Updated: 27 Nov 2012
Ein Tag in Norddeutschland brachte uns viele Hechte aber auch eine große Überraschung.....damit hatte keiner gerechnet!
http://wn.com/Angeln_Überraschung_beim_Hechtangeln
Angeln auf Schleie - Die besten Tipps zum Schleienangeln
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 53:18
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_auf_Schleie_Die_besten_Tipps_zum_Schleienangeln
Angeln auf Zander - In der Elbe bei Hamburg
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:35
- Updated: 22 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_auf_Zander_In_der_Elbe_bei_Hamburg
Doku : Hecht Angeln mit Kunstködern
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 64:28
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Doku_Hecht_Angeln_mit_Kunstködern
Angeln mit Auwa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:19
- Updated: 15 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_mit_Auwa
Angeln am Forellenteich - Angeltechnik Sbirulino
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:37
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
Der Wurm sinkt zu tief ab. Die Maden fliegen nicht weit genug raus. Der Twister läuft zu tief. Das sind Momente, in denen man einen Sbirulino braucht, um die Angeltechnik und die Fangaussichten zu verbessern. Hier gibts noch mehr Infos: www.angeln.de
http://wn.com/Angeln_am_Forellenteich_Angeltechnik_Sbirulino
Angeln auf Karpfen - Karpfen-Fragen an Markus Pelzer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 30:11
- Updated: 19 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_auf_Karpfen_Karpfen-Fragen_an_Markus_Pelzer
Angeln auf Brassen, Karpfen und Rotaugen: So angelt man mit Breadpunch!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:18
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Community für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_auf_Brassen,_Karpfen_und_Rotaugen_So_angelt_man_mit_Breadpunch!
Karpfen & Stör angeln in Mecklenburg Vorpommern in den Angelteichen von Boek / Müritz ...
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 28:39
- Updated: 21 Nov 2012
Störe angeln für Einsteiger mit Peter Rinow in den Angelteichen von Boek / Müritz
http://wn.com/Karpfen_Stör_angeln_in_Mecklenburg_Vorpommern_in_den_Angelteichen_von_Boek_Müritz_
Angeln in Talsperren auf Barsch, Hecht und Zander
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:50
- Updated: 20 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_in_Talsperren_auf_Barsch,_Hecht_und_Zander
Angeln auf Friedfisch - Ohne Brot nix los!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:22
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Angeln_auf_Friedfisch_Ohne_Brot_nix_los!
Raubfischangeln an Brücken: Die besten Tipps zum Angeln in Stadtkanälen
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:27
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+
http://wn.com/Raubfischangeln_an_Brücken_Die_besten_Tipps_zum_Angeln_in_Stadtkanälen
Eva Dahlgren, "Ängeln i rummet" (Live)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:39
- Updated: 19 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Eva_Dahlgren,_Ängeln_i_rummet_Live
Stör angeln am Forellensee
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:13
- Updated: 10 Aug 2012
Peter Merkel fischt im Forellenhof Ittertal mit leichten Gerät auf kapitale Störe. Dabei zeigt er Tipps und Tricks über die Stör-Anglerei in Teichanlagen.
http://wn.com/Stör_angeln_am_Forellensee
Angeln an der Saone +Überraschung mit FishhuntersCH
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:30
- Updated: 27 Nov 2012
Bis Bald, Lg Julian!
http://wn.com/Angeln_an_der_Saone_+Überraschung_mit_FishhuntersCH
Angeln am Forellensee: Richtig angeln mit dem Bodentaster
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:28
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
www.angeln.de Die große Angel-Plattform für Raubfischangler, Friedfischangler, Meeresangler und Fliegenfischer. Get hooked on Angeln.de auf Facebook, Twitter und Google+ Forellenangeln im Winter mit der Zwei-Ruten-Strategie von Thomas Pruß und Fynn Krause kann eigentlich nichts mehr schiefgehen. Wie die beiden Fischen und wieviele Forellen und Saiblinge die beiden auf die Schuppen legen erfahrt ihr in diesem Video
http://wn.com/Angeln_am_Forellensee_Richtig_angeln_mit_dem_Bodentaster
Angeln auf Aal am Tag
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:43
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
FISCH & FANG Abo-DVD 07/2005: Angeln auf Aal am Tag mit Jan Lock. Abonnenten der Zeitschrift FISCH & FANG erhalten mit jedem Heft eine kostenlose DVD!
http://wn.com/Angeln_auf_Aal_am_Tag
Tremarella-Angeln am Forellenteich
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:31
- Updated: 09 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Tremarella-Angeln_am_Forellenteich
Angeln am Mittelmeer mit FishhuntersCH (HD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:11
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
Alle Fische, ausser der grossen Dorade wurden schonend relaset ;D Petri FhCH
http://wn.com/Angeln_am_Mittelmeer_mit_FishhuntersCH_HD
photo: AP / Jerome Delay
27 Nov 2012
M23 rebels controlling the eastern city of Goma in the DR Congo have said they are not about to withdraw as demanded by regional leaders. The rebels said on Tuesday there were still in charge of Goma, just hours after General Aronda Nyakairima, the head of the Ugandan military, was quoted by the Reuters news agency as saying that their leader, Sultani Makenga, had told him he would pull out of Goma and Sake ... 276 Source. ... Share ... News ... ;">....(size: 17.7Kb)
photo: UN / Jan Golinski
27 Nov 2012
Doha conference is warned that climate models do not yet take account of methane in thawing permafrost. Frozen ground in Siberia. Permafrost covers nearly a quarter of the northern hemisphere. Photograph. Francis Latreille/Corbis. The United Nations sounded a stark warning on the threat to the climate from methane in the thawing permafrost as governments met for the second day of climate change negotiations in Doha, Qatar ... ....(size: 5.3Kb)
photo: AP / Sepahnews
27 Nov 2012
WASHINGTON -- The drone wars are here. While President Obama ponders new legal and moral guidelines to govern America's growing use of armed robot aircraft, the world outside the White House is engaged in a revolutionary frenzy of building, arming and flying killer drones ... More than 50 countries operate surveillance drones and, increasingly, are fitting them with weapons. The U.S ... spy drone was shot down last December ... On Oct ... 988 miles ... ....(size: 8.4Kb)
photo: AP / George Osodi
25 Nov 2012
Twin suicide car bombs exploded Sunday at a church inside one of Nigeria's top military bases, killing at least 11 people and wounding another 30 in an embarrassing attack showing the continued insecurity that haunts Africa's most populous nation ... This attack in Jaji on Sunday, however, happened inside a barracks home to the Armed Forces Command and Staff College, one of the country's most important military colleges ... Gen ... ___ ... ....(size: 4.1Kb)
photo: AP / Henry Griffin
26 Nov 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. "In our opinion and from our experience," declared John Kerry in 1971, "there is nothing in South Vietnam which could happen that realistically threatens the United States of America. And to attempt to justify the loss of one American life in Vietnam, Cambodia or Laos by linking such loss to the preservation of freedom..is to us the height of criminal hypocrisy..." ... The U.S....(size: 6.4Kb)
Wall Street Journal
16 Oct 2012
Von GEOFFREY A. FOWLER. AUSTIN—Bobbi Duncan ist lesbisch. Vor allem ihr Vater sollte das niemals erfahren. Daran hatte die 22-Jährige alles gesetzt. Facebook hat es ihm trotzdem erzählt. Bild vergrößern. Schließen ... Mit Absicht und doch aus Versehen ... Darunter auch ihr Vater. Bilder ansehen ... Auch die Welt von Taylor McCormick wurde aus den Angeln gehoben, als ihn der Chorleiter per Mausklick outete ... "Interessiert an....(size: 24.1Kb)
Wall Street Journal
05 Oct 2012
Von JOE PARKINSON. Bild vergrößern. Schließen. AKÇAKALE – In der kleinen türkischen Grenzstadt Akçakale steht ein Monument für den jüngsten Krisenherd im syrischen Bürgerkrieg. Ein zerstörtes Eisentor und ein komplett zerfetztes Gartenhaus. Am Mittwoch kurz vor vier Uhr am Nachmittag wurde das Tor aus den Angeln gehoben, als eine von mehreren syrischen Granaten genau hier detonierte....(size: 6.7Kb)
The Examiner
21 May 2012
Alphabet books have been around almost since Guttenberg invented the printing press ... Amazon has the book listed at $8.00 ... Not your average alphabet book, 'An Animated Alphabet' by Marie AngelNational Bike Month, one way to get reluctant readers to pick up a bookReading the classics, 'Where the Red Fern Grows' by Wilson Rawls2012 Phelps' last Olympics; next Olympic swimmer could be in northern CaliforniaReview....(size: 7.7Kb)
The Star
11 Nov 2011
Exploring the foreignness of the English language ... The said symbols represent the script of a language ... Adopting words ... Even the country, England, and consequently the language, English, are named after the Angles, "a Germanic tribe originating from the Angeln district of Schleswig, which together with the Saxons and the Jutes invaded and conquered most of England during the 5th century AD" (The New Universal Family Encyclopedia, 1985 ... ....(size: 9.9Kb)
DNA India
04 Nov 2011
England does not own English, says Dr Mario Saraceni, of the University of Portsmouth ... Yet, if anyone wants to learn English English, like Hurry Bungsho Jabberjee, they'll still come, virtually at least, to the Angles' heartland, which since the fifth century has been relocated from Angeln, in the southern Jutish peninsula (now in Schleswig-Holstein), to a spot where Wessex, Essex and Mercia meet and I am typing these words ... ....(size: 5.1Kb)
PR Newswire
29 Sep 2011
. , September 29, 2011 /PRNewswire/ --. - Neues Reiseangebot erhält großen Zulauf von Urlaubern, die ihre Erholungszeit verlängern und die Reisezeit verkürzen möchten ... ... Dadurch wird letztlich das Urlaubsvergnügen verkürzt. Die Mauiva AirCruise hat den klassischen amerikanischen Road Trip aus den Angeln gehoben und selbst unsere Erwartungen übertroffen." ... Über Mauiva ... ....(size: 6.5Kb)
PR Newswire
08 Aug 2011
. , August 8, 2011 /PRNewswire/ --. - Cardsharp® - kreditkartengroßes Taschenmesser - schlägt Verkaufsrekorde von führenden Messerkonkurrenten weltweit ... . Um die Multimedia-Pressemitteilung anzusehen, klicken Sie bitte auf folgenden Link.. http.//multivu.prnewswire.com/mnr/prne/iainsinclairdesign/50532/ ... Vorzüge. ... ... Produktmaße ... 'Es mag verrückt klingen, aber ich bin damit angeln gegangen ... ....(size: 12.4Kb)
Modern Angeln, also known as Anglia (German: Angeln, Danish: Angel, Latin: Anglia), is a small peninsula (within the larger Jutland peninsula) in Southern Schleswig in the northern Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, protruding into the Bay of Kiel. It is separated from the neighbouring peninsula of Schwansen (Danish: Svans or Svansø) by the Schlei inlet, and from the Danish island of Als by the Flensburger Förde ("Firth of Flensburg"). Whether ancient Angeln conformed to these borders is uncertain. It may have been somewhat larger; however, the ancient sources mainly concur that it included the territory of modern Angeln. Angeln has a significance far beyond its current small area and country terrain, in that it is believed to have been the original home of the Angles, Germanic immigrants to central and northern England, and East Anglia. This migration led to their new homeland being named after them, from which the name "England" derives. Both England and the English language, thus, ultimately derive their names from the Angles and Angeln.
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Name[link]
In one theory the name of the Angles came from Germanic words for "narrow" (compare German eng = "narrow"), and meant "the people who live beside the Narrow [Water]", i.e. beside the Schlei estuary. The root would be *angh-, "tight".
The word Engel in German means "angel", but is used as a way to designate the area they occupied (Anglia). The most common theory is that the name Angeln itself means "hook", as in angling for fish. Many reputable etymological dictionaries are silent on its root. Julius Pokorny, a major Indo-European linguist, derives it from *ang-, "bend". The meaning would be Anwohner der Holsteiner Bucht, "residents at the Bay of Holstein". The problem with this derivation is that Grimm's Law does not appear to apply to it. The theory that "Angeln" refers to a landform resembling a hook would have required advanced mapmaking abilities by its people, and is thus misleading.[citation needed]
Angeln is situated on the large bight linking the Baltic coast to Jutland, which is mainly the Bay of Kiel (Kieler Bucht), but might be seen as Holsteiner Bucht.
The Angles were part of the Federation of the Ingaevones, with their mythical ancestor and god of fertility Yngvi, and both terms might well share the same root (inglish -> anglish), say as the origin of the federation. Pokorny points out the possible use of this etymological root in other ancient names, such as Hardanger and Angrivarii.
Early history[link]
Main article: Angles
The region was home to the Germanic people, the Angles, who, together with Saxons and Jutes, left their home to migrate to Britain in the 5th-6th centuries. For the years 449-455, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, written c. 890, describes how King Vortigern (a British tribal king) invited the Angles to come and receive land in return for helping him defend against marauding Picts. Those successful Angles sent word back that good land was available and that the British were worthless (it is presumed as soldiers). A wholesale emigration of Angles and kindred German peoples followed.
The Chronicle, commissioned by King Alfred the Great, drew on earlier oral traditions and on the few written fragments available. The best of these, written around 730, was by the monk Bede whose history of English Christianity had the following brief account of the origin and distribution of the Angles:
- "...from the Angles, that is, the country which is called Anglia, and which is said, from that time, to remain desert to this day, between the provinces of the Jutes and the Saxons, are descended the East Angles, the Midland Angles, Mercians, all the race of the Northumbrians, that is, of those nations that dwell on the north side of the river Humber, and the other nations of the English." (Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation, Book I, Chapter XV, 731 A.D.)
The phrase "north of the Humber" refers to the northern kingdom of Northumbria, which includes what is now north and north-eastern England and part of southern Scotland. Mercia was located in central England and broadly corresponds to what is now known as the English Midlands.
It had long been suspected from all the Germanic sources that this report is too simple, a suspicion confirmed by the archaeology; namely, the fibulae, or brooches, worn by the women. In essence, there are two kinds, the saucer brooch and the cruciform brooch. East coastal and northern Britain were settled by women wearing cruciform brooches, which came from coastal Scandinavia, all of Denmark, and Schleswig-Holstein all the way south to the lower Elbe and all the way east to the Oder, as well as a pocket in coastal Friesland, the embarkation point.
South central Britain was settled by women wearing the saucer brooch, which came from Lower Saxony, the south side of the lower Elbe, and pockets among the then Franks up the Rhine and along the coast to the mouth of the Seine. These are the areas of England that are labeled explicitly as Saxon: Sussex, Wessex, and Essex. The settlement of Kent is attributed to Jutes (from the north of the Angles).
This leads to a conclusion that the "Angles" described by Bede included all the people who populated modern Schleswig-Holstein and Western Pomerania south to the first big bend in the Elbe, and potentially members of any of the other language related groups that were recorded under different names grouped by late ethnologists as Ingaevones. A more complete presentation is given under Angles.
Later history[link]
After the Angles departed from Anglia, by the 8th century the region was occupied by Danish Vikings. This is reflected in the large number of place names ending in -by (meaning -village) in the region today. In the Viking period, the chronicler Æthelweard reports that the most important town in Angeln was Hedeby.
Later Angeln's history is subsumed in that of the larger surrounding region, which came to be known as Southern Jutland or Schleswig (Danish: Slesvig). Until the 19th century, the area belonged primarily to Denmark. But, in terms of ethnic and linguistic heritage, a mixed German/Danish population evolved. Denmark lost Schleswig to Austria and Prussia in 1864 as a result of the second war of Schleswig. In 1920, following Germany's defeat in World War I, a plebiscite was held to determine which areas should return to Danish control. As a result of the plebiscite, much of Schleswig returned to Denmark, but Angeln remained in Germany. See Schleswig-Holstein Question for a detailed history.
See also[link]
References[link]
- Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation, Book I, Bede, c. 731
- The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: Translated and collated by Anne Savage, Dorset Press, 1983, ISBN 0-88029-061-7
- Malcom Falkus and John Gillingham, Historical Atlas of Britain, Crescent Books, 1987, ISBN 0-517-63382-5
External links[link]
- Bede, ca 731 A.D., Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation
- Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, ca 890 A.D.
- Angeln cattle
- Tourism in Angeln
- Cinarchea (Archaeological films of Schleswig-Holstein)
- County and Municipal Flags (Schleswig-Holstein, Germany)
- Genealogy in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
Coordinates: 54°40′N 9°40′E / 54.66667°N 9.66667°E / 54.66667; 9.66667
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Related pages:
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http://fr.wn.com/Angeln
http://de.wn.com/Angeln (Region)
http://it.wn.com/Anglia (Germania)
http://pl.wn.com/Angeln
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angeln
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (January 2012) |
Eva Dahlgren is a Swedish pop musician, born 9 June 1960 in Umeå, Sweden.
Dahlgren was discovered by musician/producer Bruno Glenmark in 1978 after appearing on the TV show "Sveriges magasin" and her debut album Finns det nån som bryr sej om was released the same year. In 1979 she placed third in Melodifestivalen (the tryout competition for the Eurovision Song Contest in Sweden). She toured Sweden in 1987 with Swedish pop duo Roxette, a tour that was attended for more than 100.000 people. Dahlgren's career grew steadily with several album releases during the 1980s but her definite breakthrough in Sweden came in 1991 with the hit album En blekt blondins hjärta which sold over half a million copies and netted the singer five Grammis awards.
In 1996 Dahlgren made headlines in the Swedish press when she came out as a lesbian through her civil union with jewellery designer Efva Attling. In connection with the civil union, Dahlgren changed her surname to Dahlgren-Attling.
Eva Dahlgren toured July - August 2008 together with Peter Jöback in Sweden, Norway and Finland. The tour was called "Himlen är inget tak", and a single with the same title was released.
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Discography[link]
(In parenthesis, peak positions in Swedish Albums Chart) [1]
- 1978: Finns det nån som bryr sig om (#23)
- 1980: Eva Dahlgren (#25)
- 1981: För väntan (#2)
- 1982: Tvillingskäl (#8)
- 1984: Ett fönster mot gatan (#2)
- 1984: Känn mig
- 1987: Ung och stolt (#2)
- 1989: Fria Världen 1.989 (#3)
- 1991: En blekt blondins hjärta (#1)
- 1992: Eva Dahlgren (English language version of En blekt blondins hjärta)
- 1992: För minnenas skull (double CD) (1978–1992) (#10)
- 1995: Jag vill se min älskade komma från det vilda (#2)
- 1999: Lai Lai (#1)
- 1999: LaLaLive (#5)
- 2005: Snö (#2)
- 2007: En blekt blondins ballader (1980–2005) (#1)
- 2007: Petroleum och tång (#3)
Singles[link]
(In parenthesis, peak positions in Swedish Singles Chart) [2]
- 1989: "Ängeln i rummet" (#4)
- (English version: "Angel in My Room")
- 1991: "Gunga mig" (#40)
- 1991: "Vem tänder stjärnorna" (#4)
- (English version: "I'm not in Love with You")
- 1991: "Kom och håll om mig" (#27)
- (English version: "Just Want You to Love Me")
- 1994: "Tro på varann" (Uno Svenningsson and Eva Dahlgren (#22)
- 1999: "Underbara människa" (#41)
- 2005: "När jag längtar" (#17)
- 2006: "Äventyr" (EP) (#58)
- 2008: "Himlen är inget tak" (Eva Dahlgren and Peter Jöback) (#36)
References[link]
- ^ "Swedish charts archive – albums". http://www.swedishcharts.com/search.asp?cat=a&search=eva+dahlgren. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ^ "Swedish charts archive – singles". http://www.swedishcharts.com/search.asp?cat=s&search=eva+dahlgren. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Eva Dahlgren |
- (English)Eva Dahlgren Online
- (Swedish)Official web site
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| Name | Dahlgren, Eva |
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| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1960 |
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This article about a Swedish singer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
http://wn.com/Eva_Dahlgren
Related pages:
http://de.wn.com/Eva Dahlgren
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva_Dahlgren
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
