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  Austria
  Austria (ⁱ/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] ( listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German:  Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
  The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.
  
  wn.com/Austria
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  Germany
  Germany (ⁱ/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km² and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
  A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
  
  wn.com/Germany
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  Michigan
  Michigan (ⁱ/ˈmɪʃɨɡən/) is a state located in the Great Lakes region of the Midwestern United States. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake". Michigan is the 8th most populous of the 50 United States, with the 11th most extensive total area. Its capital is Lansing, and the largest city is Detroit. Michigan was admitted into the Union on January 26, 1837 as the 26th state.
  Michigan has the longest freshwater coastline of any political subdivision in the world, being bounded by four of the five Great Lakes, plus Lake Saint Clair. Michigan is one of the leading U.S. states for recreational boating. The state has 64,980 inland lakes and ponds. A person in the state is never more than six miles (9.7 km) from a natural water source or more than 85 miles (137 km) from a Great Lakes shoreline. It is the largest state by total area east of the Mississippi River.
  Michigan is the only state to consist of two peninsulas. The Lower Peninsula, to which the name Michigan was originally applied, is often noted to be shaped like a mitten. The Upper Peninsula (often referred to as "the U.P.") is separated from the Lower Peninsula by the Straits of Mackinac, a five-mile (8 km) channel that joins Lake Huron to Lake Michigan. The two peninsulas are connected by the Mackinac Bridge. The Upper Peninsula is economically important due to its status as a tourist destination. There is also a variety of natural resources to be found there, including a sizable amount of iron ore.
  
  wn.com/Michigan

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  Alfred Adler
  Alfred Adler (February 7, 1870 – May 28, 1937) was an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of individual psychology. The argument by Adler about feelings of inferiority plays a key role in personality development. In collaboration with Sigmund Freud and a small group of Freud's colleagues, Adler was among the co-founders of the psychoanalytic movement as a core member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. Adler called it individual psychology because he believed a human to be an indivisible whole, an individuum. He also imagined a person to be connected or associated with the surrounding world. He was the first major figure to break away from psychoanalysis to form an independent school of psychotherapy and personality theory. This was after Freud declared Adler's ideas as too contrary, leading to an ultimatum to all members of the Society (which Freud had shepherded) to drop Adler or be expelled, disavowing the right to dissent (Makari, 2008). Following this split, Adler would come to have an enormous, independent effect on the disciplines of counseling and psychotherapy as they developed over the course of the 20th century (Ellenberger, 1970). He influenced notable figures in subsequent schools of psychotherapy such as Rollo May, Viktor Frankl, Abraham Maslow and Albert Ellis. His writings preceded, and were at times surprisingly consistent with, later neo-Freudian insights such as those evidenced in the works of Otto Rank, Karen Horney, Harry Stack Sullivan and Erich Fromm.
  
  wn.com/Alfred_Adler
• Allen Adler
  Allen Adler (December 25, 1916 – January 30, 1964) was an American writer, also involved in theater in various ways. With Irving Block he wrote the story for the screenplay for Forbidden Planet, based on Shakespeare's The Tempest, but was a victim of the Second Red Scare and was blacklisted from the film industry.
  Adler was the son of Abe Adler (a stage manager) who, in turn, was the son of Yiddish theater star Jacob Adler by his first wife Sonya ("Sophia") Adler.
  In addition to Forbidden Planet, Adler has a story credit for the film The Giant Behemoth (1959).
  The New York Times of February 1, 1964 includes Adler's obituary, giving the date of his death as January 30, 1964. It says he was born in New York, the son of Adolf Adler, Yiddish theater manager and owner. He was survived by his widow, the former Mary MacNamara and two daughters, Pamela and Allison Jo.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Allen_Adler
• Anders Adler
  Anders Adler (born February 6, 1982) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey defenceman. Adler most recently played with Tullinge TP in the Swedish League III during the 2010-11 season.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Anders_Adler
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  Arthur Conan Doyle
  Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle DL (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a Scottish physician and writer, most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, generally considered a milestone in the field of crime fiction, and for the adventures of Professor Challenger. He was a prolific writer whose other works include science fiction stories, plays, romances, poetry, non-fiction and historical novels.
  Arthur Conan Doyle was born on 22 May 1859 at 11 Picardy Place, Edinburgh, Scotland. His father, Charles Altamont Doyle, was English of Irish descent, and his mother, born Mary Foley, was Irish. They married in 1855. In 1864 the family dispersed due to Charles's growing alcoholism and the children were temporarily housed across Edinburgh. In 1867, the family came together again and lived in the squalid tenement flats at 3 Sciennes Place.
  Although he is now referred to as "Conan Doyle", the origin of this compound surname is uncertain. The entry in which his baptism is recorded in the register of St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh gives "Arthur Ignatius Conan" as his Christian name, and simply "Doyle" as his surname. It also names Michael Conan as his godfather.
  
  wn.com/Arthur_Conan_Doyle
• August Adler
  August Adler (24 January 1863, Opava, Austrian Silesia - 17 October 1923, Vienna) was a Czech and Austrian mathematician noted for using the theory of inversion to provide an alternate proof of Mascheroni's compass and straightedge construction theorem.
  
  
  
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  Austria
  Austria (ⁱ/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] ( listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German:  Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
  The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.
  
  wn.com/Austria
• Binyomin Adler
  Rabbi Binyomin Adler (Hebrew: הרב בנימין עזריאל אדלר שליט"א‎, born in Chicago, Illinois in 1969) currently heads the Maor Torah Center in Oak Park, Michigan, where he and his family have resided since 2000.
  Rabbi Adler learned in the Telz Yeshiva of Chicago, and then studied in Eretz Yisroel under the tutelage of the great Gadol Harav Tzvi Kushelevsky shlita, rosh yeshiva of Heichal Hatorah in Jerusalem's Har Nof neighborhood.
  After getting married, Rabbi Adler founded a yeshiva – Yeshivas Lev Yesharim – in Sanhedria, Jerusalem.
  In 1999 Rabbi Adler accepted a position in Baltimore, Maryland as a fundraiser for a local institute.
  In 2000 he moved to Detroit where he worked as the Executive Director for Yeshivas Darchei Torah.
  Following this stint, Rabbi Adler began to formally be marbitz Torah (disseminate Torah to the masses) with his weekly Parsha sheets that are distributed in many shuls and kollels in the greater Detroit Orthodox Jewish community. His famous "Shabbos Taam Hachaim" (שבת טעם החיים) (Shabbos – the taste of life) has a wide global readership, as it gets emailed every Friday to many hundreds of readers.
  
  wn.com/Binyomin_Adler
• Bruce Adler
  Bruce Adler (November 27, 1944 – July 25, 2008) was an American Broadway actor. After debuting on the Broadway stage in the 1979 revival of Oklahoma!, he went on to a career that saw him nominated for Tony Awards as Best Featured Actor in a Musical for Those Were the Days (1991) and Crazy for You (1992). His film work was limited to voice work in animated films, notably providing the singing voice for the narrator of the 1992 Disney film Aladdin and 1996 film Aladdin and the King of Thieves.
  Born in New York City, Adler's parents, Henrietta Jacobson and Julius Adler, and his two maternal uncles, Irving and Hymie Jacobson were well-established popular stars of the Yiddish theatre, at the time in its heyday on New York's Lower East Side. Adler made his stage debut at an early age, appearing with his parents. The three Adlers played the London Palladium with Sophie Tucker in the 1950s. He continued to appear in Yiddish theatre throughout his teens, also appearing in mainstream American theatre as his parents made a similar "crossover," most notably appearing in productions of Neil Simon's Come Blow Your Horn.
  
  wn.com/Bruce_Adler
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  Celia Adler
  Celia Feinman Adler (December 6, 1889 – January 31, 1979) was an American Jewish actress, known as the "First Lady of the Yiddish Theatre".
  She was the daughter of Jacob Adler and Dinah Shtettin, and the older half-sister of Stella, Luther Adler and Jacob Adler's five other children. Unlike Stella and Luther, who became well known for their work with the Group Theater, their film work and as theorists of the craft of acting, she was almost exclusively a stage actress.
  Mainly known for her work in Yiddish theater, where she was associated with the Yiddish Art Theater movement of the 1920s and 1930s, she also gave one of the first theatrical portrayals of a Holocaust survivor, in Luther Adler's 1946 Broadway production of A Flag Is Born (written by Ben Hecht and featuring a 22-year-old Marlon Brando, Stella Adler's prize pupil in method acting). Adler, along with co-stars Paul Muni and Marlon Brando, refused to accept compensation above the Actor's Equity minimum wage because of her commitment to the cause of creating a Jewish State in Israel.
  
  wn.com/Celia_Adler
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  Cisco Adler
  Cisco Sam Adler (born September 6, 1978) is an American musician and former frontman for the band Whitestarr.
  Adler is the son of music producer and director Lou Adler and Phyllis Somer. He is also a relative of actress Daryl Hannah through his father's marriage to her sister Page Hannah. He has a dog named Stosh
  In 2008 Adler left Whitestarr, and has since been working extensively with hip-hop artist Shwayze. Their first single, "Buzzin'," reached number 46 on the Billboard Hot 100, and the follow-up "Corona and Lime" peaked at number 23. They starred in the MTV reality series Buzzin' which follows the two as they record an album, have appeared on MTV Cribs, and toured with Warped Tour 2008. The pair have also collaborated with DJ Skeet Skeet on a Nike-sponsored workout program entitled Beach Blast by Shwayze. On December 18, 2008, Adler was arrested in Fargo, North Dakota for assaulting an employee at the club where he and Shwayze were performing. He was released shortly after being taken into custody, posting $500 bail. In 2009 he released a re-mixtape entitled "Pop Shit," which was produced entirely by himself. On June 15, 2010, Cisco released a mixtape entitled "Super California Lipstick Sexy Magic Dope Shit." Cisco produced every song on the mixtape, and it features Shwayze, Cobra Starship, Chris Young the Rapper, Cold Flamez, The Knux, Mickey Avalon, Remi Nicole, Del the Funky Homosapien, Danny Way, Dirt Nasty, Beardo, Eddie Rap Life, Tabi Bonney, Roxy Cottontail, Moses Haughton, TQ the Bio Prince, and Pollination. He produced a couple of tracks on Mike Posner's album 31 Minutes to Takeoff
  
  wn.com/Cisco_Adler
• Cyrus Adler
  Cyrus Adler (September 13, 1863 – April 7, 1940) was a U.S. educator, Jewish religious leader and scholar.
  Adler was born in Van Buren, Arkansas, a graduate of University of Pennsylvania in 1883 and gained a Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1887, where he taught Semitic languages from 1884 to 1893. He was employed by the Smithsonian Institution for a number of years, with a focus on archaeology and Semitics, serving as the Librarian from 1892-1905. He was a founder of the Jewish Welfare Board, and an editor of the Jewish Encyclopedia, and part of the committee that translated the Jewish Publication Society version of the Hebrew Bible published in 1917. At the end of World War I, he participarted in the Paris Peace Conference in 1919.
  His many scholarly writings include articles on comparative religion, Assyriology, and Semitic philology.
  He was president of the Dropsie College for Hebrew and Cognate Learning 1908 to 1940 and Chancellor of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America. He was also a contributor to the New International Encyclopedia. In addition, he was a founding member of the Oriental Club of Philadelphia.
  
  wn.com/Cyrus_Adler
• Daniel Adler
  Daniel Adler (born April 16, 1958) is a Brazilian sailor. He is Jewish.
  Adler won a silver medal for Brazil at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles in yachting, sailing class, in the mixed three-person keelboat, with Torben Grael and Ronaldo Senft. He also competed in the 1988 Olympics in Seoul (coming in 5th) and the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona (coming in 13th).
  He is the brother of Olympian, who competed in the Olympics in 1984, 1988, and 1992 for Brazil in the Mixed Two-Person Heavyweight Dinghy. His niece is Brazilian Girl’s 29er Daniela Adler Pimentel Duarte.
  
  wn.com/Daniel_Adler
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  Dankmar Adler
  Dankmar Adler (July 3, 1844, in Stadtlengsfeld, Germany – April 16, 1900, in Chicago, Illinois, U.S.) was a celebrated German-born American architect.
  Adler's mother died when he was born. He came to the United States with his father Liebman in 1854.
  Adler served in the Union Army during the Civil War. Thereafter, he practiced in Chicago, from 1866 onward. He worked first with Augustus Bauer and next with Ozias S. Kinney. Adler formed a partnership with Edward Burling in 1871; they created more than 100 buildings together before ending the partnership.
  After he began his own firm, Adler hired Louis Sullivan as a draughtsman and designer in 1880; Sullivan was made a partner in the firm in 1883.
  Adler was not only an architect but also a gifted civil engineer who, with his partner Louis Sullivan, designed many buildings including influential skyscrapers that boldly addressed their steel skeleton through their exterior design: the Guaranty Building in Buffalo, New York, the Chicago Stock Exchange Building (1894–1972) and the Wainwright Building in St. Louis, Missouri.
  
  wn.com/Dankmar_Adler
• Darin Adler
  Darin Adler was the technical lead for Apple Computer's System 7 operating system release. During 1985–1987 he worked for ICOM Simulations as primary developer of the MacVenture series of games, including Shadowgate. Adler went on to work at General Magic and Eazel.
  As of 2007^[update], he is the engineering manager of the Safari web browser team at Apple, which also develops the WebKit framework. Adler was part of the original team that shipped the beta releases and 1.0 release of Safari, as well as Safari 3.0 beta for Microsoft Windows.
  Adler is a frequent speaker at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference and Stump the Experts panelist.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Darin_Adler
• Freda Adler
  Freda Adler (born 1934) is a criminologist and educator, currently serving as Professor Emeritus at Rutgers University and a visiting Professor at the University of Pennsylvania. She was President of the American Criminological Society in 1994-1995. She has acted as a consultant to the United Nations on criminal justice matters since 1975, holding various roles within United Nations organizations. A prolific writer, Adler has published in a variety of criminological areas, including female criminality, international issues in crime, piracy, drug abuse, and social control theories.
  Adler received a B.A. in sociology, her M.A. in criminology, and her Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Pennsylvania, under the guidance of professor Thorsten Sellin, publishing her Ph.D. dissertation in 1971. She began her career in criminal justice as an evaluator of drug and alcohol treatment programs for federal and state governments. For several decades she has taught subjects such as criminal justice, criminology, comparative criminal justice systems, statistics, and research methods.
  
  wn.com/Freda_Adler
• Grace Adler
  Grace Elizabeth Adler-Markus (née Adler) is a fictional character on the American sitcom Will & Grace, portrayed by Debra Messing. She is a Jewish interior designer (Grace is not a Jewish name, but it is mentioned that her Hebrew name is Rachel;^{[citation needed]} Messing is Jewish in real life), living in New York City with her gay best friend Will Truman (played by Eric McCormack). She is originally from Schenectady, New York, and has graduated from Columbia University. She also mentions in season 2 that she attended the Fashion Institute.
  
  wn.com/Grace_Adler
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  Guido Adler
  Guido Adler (1 November 1855, Ivančice (Eibenschütz), Moravia – 15 February 1941, Vienna) was a Bohemian-Austrian musicologist and writer.
  His father Joachim, a physician, died of typhoid fever in 1857. Joachim contracted the illness from a patient, and therefore told his wife Franciska to "never allow any of the children to become a doctor".
  Adler studied at the University of Vienna and —at the same time (1868-1874) — the Vienna Conservatory of Music (where he studied piano (main subject) and music theory and composition under Anton Bruckner and Otto Dessoff). He received an arts diploma from the conservatory in 1874. In 1878, he graduated from University of Vienna as doctor of jurisprudence, and in 1880 as doctor of philosophy. His dissertation, Die Grundklassen der Christlich-Abendländischen Musik bis 1600 (The Chief Divisions of Western Church Music up to 1600), was reprinted in Allgemeine Musikzeitung.
  In 1883 Adler became lecturer in musicology at University of Vienna, on which occasion he wrote Eine Studie zur Geschichte der Harmonie (An Essay on the History of Harmony), published in the "Sitzungsberichte der Philosophisch-Historischen Klasse der Wiener Academie der Wissenschaften", 1881.
  
  wn.com/Guido_Adler
• Henry Adler
  Henry Adler (January 1, 1915 – September 30, 2008) was an American drummer, percussionist, music teacher, author, publisher, instrument manufacturer, wholesaler, retailer and authority on drumset technique. He is best known for having taught Buddy Rich, who is regarded by many as "The World's Greatest Drummer," to read music - Buddy taught himself everything else - and for co-authoring, with Rich, the classic instructional book Buddy Rich's Modern Interpretation of Snare Drum Rudiments. First published in 1942, the book is widely regarded as one of the most important snare-drum rudimental books ever written.
  Aside from Rich, Adler's former students include renowned masters such as Louie Bellson, Roy Burns, Dave Tough, Sonny Igoe, Alvin Stoller, Phil Kraus, Miles Hampton, Daniel Perez and Ted MacKenzie.
  Born in New York and raised during the Depression, Adler purchased his first snare drum at 13 and learned to play it without formal instruction. Two years later, he landed his first professional gig with a hotel orchestra in Belmar, New Jersey. At 15, Adler began taking formal drum lessons with a professional pit drummer from the Palace Theater, and studied timpani in his high school orchestra. He actively sought the best drumset teachers to develop proper technique.
  
  wn.com/Henry_Adler
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  Hermann Adler
  Rabbi Hermann Adler CVO (30 May 1839 – 18 July 1911) was the Chief Rabbi of the British Empire from 1891 to 1911. The son (and successor as Chief Rabbi) of Nathan Marcus Adler, the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica writes that he "raised the position [of Chief Rabbi] to one of much dignity and importance."
  Born in Hanover, like his father, he had both a rabbinical education and a university education in Germany, and like him he subscribed to a modernised Orthodoxy. He attended University College School in London from 1852-54. He graduated at Leipzig; he later received honorary degrees from Scottish and English universities, including Oxford.
  He was head of a congregation in Bayswater during his father's lifetime, and his father's assistant from the time his father's health began to deteriorate in 1879, before succeeding him on his death in 1891.
  In 1909 he was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order.
  Once he was having a lunch with British Catholic cardinal Herbert Vaughan. Cardinal asked the rabbi "Now, Dr. Adler, when may I have the pleasure of helping you to some ham?" The rabbi responded: "At Your Eminence's wedding" .
  
  wn.com/Hermann_Adler
• Hugo Chaim Adler
  Hugo Chaim Adler (17 January 1896, Antwerp - 24 December 1955, Worcester, Massachusetts) was a Belgian composer, cantor, and choir conductor. Born in Antwerp to Jewish parents, Adler studied at the Hochschule für Musik Köln from 1912-1915. In 1915 he was drafted into the German Army during the First World War; serving for three years in the infantry until he was wounded at Argonne. In 1918 he was appointed cantor and teacher at St. Wendel in the Saarland. He left there in September 1921 to become second cantor at the synagogue in Mannheim, rising to head cantor there in 1933. While in Mannheim he studied music composition at the Mannheim Conservatory with Ernst Toch from 1924-1926. In 1939 he fled Germany for the United States after having been imprisoned due to his Jewish ancestry by the Nazi regime. From September 1939 until his death of cancer in December 1955 he was cantor of Temple Emanuel in Worcester, Massachusetts. He remained active as a choir conductor and composer of sacred music during these years. Several of his works were published by Sacred Music Press and Transcontinental Music Publishers in New York City. He is the father of composer and conductor Samuel Adler.
  
  wn.com/Hugo_Chaim_Adler
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  Irene Adler
  Irene Adler is a fictional character featured in the Sherlock Holmes story "A Scandal in Bohemia" by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, published in July 1891. She is one of the most notable female characters in the Sherlock Holmes series, despite appearing in only one story, and is frequently used as a romantic interest for Holmes in derivative works.
  According to "A Scandal in Bohemia," Adler was born in New Jersey in 1858. She followed a career in opera as a contralto, performing in La Scala, Milan, Italy, and a term as prima donna in the Imperial Opera of Warsaw, Poland, indicating that she was an extraordinary singer (in reality, there was no Imperial Opera in Warsaw). While in Warsaw she was described as "a well-known adventuress" (a term widely used at the time in ambiguous association with "courtesan"). It was there that she became the lover of Wilhelm Gottsreich Sigismond von Ormstein, Grand Duke of Cassel-Felstein and King of Bohemia, who was staying in Warsaw for a period. According to the king, she had "the face of the most beautiful of women and the mind of the most resolute of men". The king eventually returned to his court in Prague. Adler, then in her late twenties, retired and moved to London.
  
  wn.com/Irene_Adler
• James Adler
  James Adler (born November 19, 1950, Chicago, Illinois) is an American composer and pianist. Adler began his piano studies at age 10 with Elsie K. Brett. His teachers include Rose Willits, Mollie Margolies and Seymour Lipkin. He has coached with Rudolph Ganz, Ivan Moravec, Olga Barabini and Konrad Wolff.
  In 1967, Adler won the Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) Youth Auditions and made his debut with the orchestra in January 1968. Subsequently, he attended the Curtis Institute of Music, receiving a Bachelor's Degree in piano performance in 1973 and a Master's Degree in composition in 1976, studying with Myron Fink. He has appeared in recital on the CSO's Allied Arts Piano Series and performed in venues ranging from Alice Tully Hall and New York's Paramount Theatre at Madison Square Garden to London's Wigmore Hall and Royal Albert Hall to the Dimitria Festival in Thessaloniki, Greece. In 1996, his composition, Memento mori - An AIDS Requiem, was premiered in Atlanta, Georgia, and was released on CD in 2001.
  
  wn.com/James_Adler
• Jankel Adler
  Jankel Adler (July 26, 1895 – April 25, 1949) was a Polish painter and printmaker.
  He was born as the seventh of ten children in Tuszyn, a suburb of Łódź. In 1912 he began training as an engraver with his uncle in Belgrade. He moved in 1914 to Germany where he lived for a time with his sister in Barmen. There he studied at the college of arts and crafts with professor Gustav Wiethücher.
  From 1918-1919 he went back to Łódź, where he was joint founder of "Jung Jidysz", a group of avant-garde artists. In 1920 he returned briefly to Berlin; in 1921 he returned to Barmen, and in 1922 he moved to Düsseldorf. There he became a teacher at the Academy of Arts, and became acquainted with Paul Klee, who influenced his work. A painting by Adler received a gold medal at the exhibition “German art Düsseldorf” in 1928.
  In 1929 and 1930 he went on study trips in Mallorca and other places in Spain. During the election campaign of July 1932 he published with a group of leftist artists and intellectuals an urgent appeal against the policy of the National Socialists and for communism. As a modern artist, and especially as a Jew, he faced persecution under Hitler's regime which took power in 1933. In that year, two of his pictures were displayed by the Nazis at the Mannheimer Arts Center as examples of degenerate art, and Adler left Germany, staying in Paris where he regarded his exile consciously as political resistance against the fascist regime in Germany. In the years that followed, he made numerous journeys to Poland, Italy, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Romania and the Soviet Union. In 1937, twenty-five of his works were seized from public collections by the Nazis and four were shown in the Entartete Kunst (Degenerate Art) exhibition in Munich.
  
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• Jay Adler
  Jay Adler (September 26, 1896 – September 23, 1978) was an American actor in theater, television, and film.
  Born in New York City, New York, he was the eldest child of Yiddish theater stars Jacob and Sara Adler, and the brother of the more famous Luther and Stella.
  Jay Adler died at age 81 in Woodland Hills, California and was buried in the Mount Carmel Cemetery, Glendale, New York.
  
  
  
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  Jens Adler
  Jens Adler (born 25 April 1965) is a former German footballer. He was one of the last players to play for the German team pre-unification, and, as the final substitute made in the last match before unification took place, is considered to be the last player ever to play for the German Democratic Republic.
  He moved in 1995 to Hertha BSC but played very little, only finding himself playing in a single senior game, coming on as a substitute against KFC Uerdingen 05.
  He retired from football in 2001 and is currently goalkeeper coach at Hallescher FC.
  
  
  
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• Jerry Adler
  Jerry Adler (born February 4, 1929) is an American theatre director, production supervisor and a television and film actor.
  Adler was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of Pauline and Philip Adler, who was a general manager of the Group Theatre. He was raised in an observant Jewish household.
  Adler began his theatre career as a stage manager in 1951, working on such productions as Of Thee I Sing and My Fair Lady before becoming a production supervisor for The Apple Tree, Black Comedy/White Lies, Dear World, Coco, 6 Rms Riv Vu, Annie, and I Remember Mama, among others. He made his directing debut with the 1974 Sammy Cahn revue Words and Music and also directed the 1976 revival of My Fair Lady, which garnered him a Drama Desk Award nomination, and the ill-fated 1981 musical The Little Prince and the Aviator. He also directed the 1976 play Checking Out.
  As an actor, Adler is perhaps best known for his roles as Herman "Hesh" Rabkin in The Sopranos, Mr. Wicker in Mad About You, and Lt. Al Teischler in Hudson Street. He made three appearances on Northern Exposure as Alan Schulman, Joel Fleischman's old neighborhood rabbi seen in visions. His screen credits include In Her Shoes, Manhattan Murder Mystery, and The Public Eye. In addition, Adler also appeared in an episode of The West Wing as Toby Ziegler's father, Jules Ziegler. The elder Ziegler worked as a member of Murder, Inc. in the 50's. Adler appeared as the new chief in the fourth season of FX's fire fighter drama Rescue Me. He guest starred as Eddie's father Al in season 3 and season 4 of 'Til Death.
  
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• Julia Rebekka Adler
  Viola player Julia Rebekka Adler, née Mai, was born 1978 in Heidelberg, Germany. In 2004 she was rated best German violist in the ARD International Music Competition, receiving the Theodor Rogler Prize. She is co-soloist of the Munich Philharmonic, is member of the Viardot Klavierquartett and the Solistenoktett Berlin (with Mirijam Contzen and Jens Peter Maintz), and plays in duos with the pianist Jascha Nemtsov and the cellist Thomas Ruge, among others.
  Julia Rebekka Adler started playing viola at 6-years-old. Having won first prize at Jugend musiziert (Federal German competition for young musicians), she was invited to participate at the Interlochen Arts Camp and the Aspen Music Festival.
  Adler studied with Kim Kashkashian, Johannes Lüthy, and Wolfram Christ at the Hochschule für Musik Freiburg and took master-classes with Walter Levin and Yuri Bashmet. She finished her soloist-studies with Hartmut Rohde at the Universität der Künste Berlin with highest honors. From 1992 to 1997, she held a scholarship from the Deutsche Stiftung Musikleben and she was selected artist in the Bundesauswahl junger Künstler in both 2005 and 2006. In 2002, Adler was awarded with the Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy Prize.
  
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  Julius Ochs Adler
  Julius Ochs Adler (December 3, 1892 – October 3, 1955) was an American publisher, journalist, and United States Army general.
  Adler was born on December 3, 1892, in Chattanooga, Tennessee, the son of Harry Clay Adler and Ada Ochs. After graduating from Princeton University in 1914 he was employed by The New York Times. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in April 1917, was promoted to captain in August 1917, and served as a Company Commander ("Company H") in the 306th Infantry Regiment, 77th Division, on the Western Front, seeing action in the Lorraine, Aisne-Marne, Vesle and Meuse-Argonne offensives. Adler, by then a major, was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross after an action at St. Juvin, on 14 October 1918.
  Adler returned to The New York Times in May 1919, served as vice president and treasurer, becoming general manager in 1935 after the death of his uncle, Adolph Ochs.
  Having received promotions to lieutenant colonel in 1923 and to colonel in 1930 in the Army Reserve, Adler was reactivated in October 1940 to serve as the commander of the 113th Infantry Regiment, 44th Division, at Fort Dix, New Jersey. Promoted to brigadier general in July 1941, from September 1941 he was Assistant Divisional Commander, 6th Infantry Division. Adler was relieved from duty on 17 November 1944 because of illness.
  
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• Kim Adler
  Kim Adler is an American Ten-pin bowling professional who was a member of the now-defunct Professional Women's Bowling Association. She is considered one of the top women bowling players of all time, competing professionally from 1991-2003.
  Kim was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, and grew up in neighboring town, East Longmeadow. She moved to Florida in 1992. Kim was married in 1994 to Tommy Adler, a paramedic, after meeting him through the Florida Today personal ads. She also owns 4 Elements Designs, which markets her one-of-a-kind handmade jewelry, glass beads and glass art. She returned to school in 2004, becoming an Emergency Medical Technician-Paramedic, working in the emergency department of a local hospital. Graduating nursing school, she continues her work as an Intensive Care Unit RN. She is now working toward her Master's degree in nursing at the University of South Florida to become a Nurse Practitioner. She lives in Cocoa, Florida with her family.
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  She was the first professional bowler to command outside-the-bowling-industry sponsorships by signing deals with Kiwi Computers, Pacific Pools, and Clabber Girl Women's Sports Team. She is the first professional athlete to use Ebay to successfully auction advertising space on herself. In her career, she was also sponsored by Brunswick Bowling, Splitsville Lanes, AMF Bowling, Pro Sports Systems, Kegel Training Center, and Moro Designs/Pro Release.
  
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  Kurt Adler
  Kurt Adler (March 1, 1907 – September 21, 1977) was an Austrian classical music conductor, chorus master and pianist with a European musical education. He was best known as the chorus master and conductor of the Metropolitan Opera in New York City from 1943 to 1973. He conducted in Austria, Germany, Russia, Czechoslovakia, Ukraine, United States, Canada, Mexico, Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary.
  Kurt Adler was born in Jindřichův Hradec/Neuhaus, Bohemia (now Czech Republic), Bohemia during the Austro-Hungarian Empire to a bourgeois Jewish family. He was the only child of Siegfried Adler (born June 26, 1876 in Luka u Jihlavy, Bohemia), a textile factory owner, and Olga (Fürth) Adler (born April 3, 1883 in Sušice/Schüttenhofen, Bohemia, (now Czech Republic). Bohemia during the Austria-Hungary Empire). Both parents were murdered by the Gestapo during World War II, after they were deported to Izbica concentration camp, which served as a transfer camp, to the Bełżec extermination camp in Poland on May 15, 1942. His grandparents, Jakob and Eveline Adler are buried in Neuhaus (now Jindřichův Hradec), Hebrew Cemetery.
  
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• Kurt Herbert Adler
  Kurt Herbert Adler (2 April 1905 – 9 February 1988) was an Austrian-born American conductor and opera house director.
  Adler was born in Vienna, Austria to a Jewish family. His work in the field of music led him to become the assistant to Arturo Toscanini at the Salzburg Festival in 1936 and he also worked in Italy. Following the Nazi occupation of Austria in 1938, as a Jew he was forced to leave and went to the Lyric Opera of Chicago as assistant chorus director where he worked for five years.
  Gaetano Merola, then General Director of the San Francisco Opera, heard of him and, over the telephone, invited him to the San Francisco Opera in 1943 as chorus director.
  In the following ten years, he took on more and more administrative details as Merola’s health and energy diminished. While Adler was not the Board’s natural choice to replace Merola at the time of his death in 1953, after three months of acting as Artistic Director and with the help of its president, Robert Watt Miller, Adler was confirmed as General Director.
  
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  Larry Adler
  Lawrence "Larry" Cecil Adler (February 10, 1914 – August 6, 2001) was an American musician, widely acknowledged as one of the world's most skilled harmonica players. Composers such as Ralph Vaughan Williams, Malcolm Arnold, Darius Milhaud and Arthur Benjamin composed works for him. During the later stage of his career he was known for his collaborations with popular musicians Sting, Elton John, Kate Bush, and Cerys Matthews.
  Adler was born in Baltimore, Maryland, into a Jewish family and graduated from the Baltimore City College high school. Adler taught himself harmonica (which he preferred to call a mouth-organ) and began playing professionally at the age of 14. In 1927, the harmonica was popular enough that the Baltimore Sun newspaper sponsored a contest. His rendering of a Beethoven minuet won him the award, and a year later, he ran away from home to New York. After being referred by Rudy Vallée, Adler got his first theatre work, and caught the attention of orchestra leader Paul Ash, who placed Adler in a vaudeville act as "a ragged urchin, playing for pennies". From there, he was hired by Florenz Ziegfeld and then by Lew Leslie (again as an urchin). Adler finally broke the typecasting and appeared in a dinner jacket in the 1934 Paramount film Many Happy Returns, and was hired by British theatrical producer C. B. Cochran to perform in a London revue. Adler found stardom in the United Kingdom and the British Empire, where, it has been written, harmonica sales increased twenty-fold and 300,000 people joined fan clubs.".
  
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  Lou Adler
  Lou Adler (born December 13, 1933) is an American record producer, manager, director, and an owner of famous The Roxy Theatre.
  Adler was born in Chicago, Illinois in December 1933, and raised in East Los Angeles. In 1964, Adler founded and co-owned Dunhill Records. He was President of the label as well as the chief record producer from 1964 to 1967. That summer he sold Dunhill for three million dollars to ABC Records. Later in 1967, he founded Ode Records. In June 1967, Adler helped to produce the Monterey International Pop Festival, as well as the film version, Monterey Pop.
  He formerly managed Jan & Dean and produced Sam Cooke, The Mamas & the Papas, Johnny Rivers, Barry McGuire, Scott McKenzie, The Grass Roots, Spirit, Carole King, The Weaver Temptations, and Cheech and Chong.
  He won two Grammy Awards in 1972 in the Record of the Year category for producing It's Too Late by Carole King and in the Album of the Year category for Tapestry (also by King).
  In 1975, Adler produced the cult classic The Rocky Horror Picture Show, and in 1981, its follow-up, Shock Treatment.
  
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  Luther Adler
  Luther Adler (May 4, 1903 – December 8, 1984) was an American actor best known for his work in theatre, but who also worked in film and television. He also directed plays on Broadway.
  Born Lutha Adler in New York City, Adler was one of six children born to Russian Jewish actors Sara and Jacob P. Adler. His siblings also worked in theatre; his sister Stella Adler achieved fame as an actress and drama teacher. His brother Jay also achieved some fame as an actor.
  Adler made his first acting appearance on Broadway in 1921 and appeared in several productions before joining The Group Theatre in 1931. He played opposite Katharine Cornell in Alien Corn (1933), his sister Stella in Gold Eagle Guy (1934), Awake and Sing! and Paradise Lost (both 1935), and Frances Farmer in Golden Boy (1937). He also appeared in the anti-war musical Johnny Johnson (1936). By the early 1940s he was also directing but his first production They Should Have Stood in Bed closed after only eleven performances in 1942. His next directorial venture, A Flag is Born, ran for 120 performances in 1946 and featured newcomer Marlon Brando in one of the major roles. In 1965, when Zero Mostel left the Broadway cast of Fiddler on the Roof during a contract dispute, Adler took over the role of Tevye.
  
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  Margot Adler
  Margot Adler (born April 16, 1946) is an author, journalist, lecturer, Wiccan priestess and radio journalist and correspondent for National Public Radio (NPR).
  Born in Little Rock, Arkansas, Adler grew up mostly in New York City. Her grandfather, Alfred Adler, was a noted Austrian Jewish psychotherapist, collaborator with Sigmund Freud and the founder of the school of individual psychology.
  Adler received a bachelor of arts in political science from the University of California, Berkeley and a master's degree from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism in New York in 1970. She was a Nieman Fellow at Harvard University in 1982.
  Adler first worked for WBAI, FM 99.5, the Pacifica Radio outlet in New York City. She created the talk shows Hour of the Wolf in 1972 (still on the air as hosted by Jim Freund) and later Unstuck in Time.
  Adler joined NPR in 1979 as a general assignment reporter, after spending a year as an NPR freelance reporter covering New York City, and has since worked on a great many pieces dealing with subjects as diverse as the death penalty, the right to die movement, the response to the war in Kosovo, computer gaming, the drug ecstasy, geek culture, children and technology, and Pokémon. Since 9/11, she has focused much of her work on stories exploring the human factors in New York City, from the loss of loved ones, homes and jobs, to work in the relief effort. She was the host of Justice Talking up until the show ceased production on July 3, 2008. She is a regular voice on Morning Edition and All Things Considered. She is also co-producer of an award-winning radio drama, War Day.
  
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  Mark Adler
  Mark Adler (born April 3, 1959) may be best known for his work in the field of data compression. Adler is the author of the Adler-32 hash function, a co-author of the zlib compression library and gzip, has contributed to Info-ZIP, and has participated in developing the Portable Network Graphics (PNG) image format. Adler was also the Spirit Mission Manager for the Mars Exploration Rover mission.
  Adler was born in Miami, Florida to David and Bertha Adler, their only child. Living in La Cañada, California, he lives with Diana St. James, and they have two children, Joshua and Zachary. Diana both works at the California Institute of Technology as well as acts in and directs theatrical performances.
  After his doctorate, Adler worked for Hughes Aircraft in their Space and Communications Group, working on diverse projects including the analysis of the effects of X-ray bursts on satellite cables, development of new error-correcting codes, designing an automobile anti-theft key, and digital image and video compression research (wavelets and MPEG-2).
  
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• Nathan Adler
  Nathan hakohen Adler (1741–1800) was a German kabbalist born in Frankfurt, December 16, 1741. As a precocious child he won the admiration of Chaim Joseph David Azulai (Chida), who, in 1752, came to Frankfurt to solicit contributions for the poor of Palestine. Adler attended the rabbinical school of Jacob Joshua, author of Pene Yehoshua, who was at that time rabbi at Frankfurt, but his principal teacher was David Tevele Schiff, afterward chief rabbi of the United Kingdom. In 1761 he established a yeshivah himself, in which several prominent rabbis received their early teachings, notable among whom were Abraham Auerbach, Abraham Bing, rabbi in Würzburg, and especially Moses Sofer (Schreiber), rabbi in Presburg.
  Nathan Adler was mystically inclined. He had devoted himself to the study of the Kabbala, and adopted the liturgical system of Isaac Luria, assembling about himself a select community of kabbalistic adepts. He was one of the first Ashkenazim to adopt the Sephardi pronunciation of Hebrew, and gave hospitality to a Sephardi scholar for several months to ensure that he learnt that pronunciation accurately. He prayed according to the Halebi ritual, pronounced the priestly blessing every day, and in other ways approached the school of the Hasidim, who had at that time provoked the strongest censures on the part of the Talmudists of the old school. His followers claimed that he had performed miracles (Moses Sofer, Chatam Sofer, Orah Chayyim, 197), and turned visionaries themselves, frightening many persons with predictions of misfortunes which would befall them. Finally, the rabbis and congregational leaders intervened in 1779 and prohibited, under penalty of excommunication, the assemblies in Nathan Adler's house.
  
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  Nathan Marcus Adler
  Rabbi Nathan Marcus hakohen Adler (13 January 1803 – 21 January 1890) was the Orthodox Chief Rabbi of the British Empire from 1845 until his death, probably the most prominent 19th century rabbi in the English-speaking world.
  A kohen by birth, Rabbi Nathan was born in Hanover, Germany. He was apparently named after the kabbalist Nathan Adler (according to the biography of the latter in the Jewish Encyclopedia). His distant relative Jacob Adler, who made his acquaintance in the winter of 1883–1884, described him as the "highest religious authority not only of London Jews but of all Orthodox Jews throughout the United Kingdom and the Empire." He subscribed to what was known as the Frankfurter Orthodoxy.
  Whilst Rabbi in Hanover, he became acquainted with Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, regent of the province, who is thought to have recommended him for the post of Chief Rabbi in Britain..
  Out of 13 candidates, mostly from Germany, he made the short list of four for the post of Chief Rabbi of the British Empire. The three others were: Samson Raphael Hirsch, Benjamin Hirsch Auerbach, Hirsch Hirschfeld. With 135 communities voting having one vote each, on 1 December 1844, Adler received 121 votes, Hirschfeld 12, and Hirsch 2..
  
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  Nicky Adler
  Nicky Adler (born 23 May 1985 in Leipzig) is a German footballer who currently plays for SV Wacker Burghausen.
  In 2003 he moved from the amateur ranks into the professional game as a player for 1860 Munich and played 68 times in lower-league football before starting out as a senior player.
  Adler made his debut in the top flight of German football on 1 September 2007 at Energie Cottbus. He was brought on late in the game for Gláuber and scored three minutes from time. However, the goal was disallowed despite no visible infringement. He resigned his contract with MSV Duisburg on 7 July 2010 and signed a two-years contract for VfL Osnabrück one day later.
  Adler played twice for the Under-19's national team, eleven times for the Under-20s (scoring four goals in the process).
  
  
  
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  Peter Herman Adler
  Peter Herman Adler (2 December 1899, Gablonz an der Neiße, Bohemia – 2 October 1990, Ridgefield, Connecticut) was an American conductor born in Austria–Hungary in Gablonz an der Neiße, which is now in the Czech Republic.
  While at the Prague Conservatory, Adler studied with Vítězslav Novák, Fidelio Finke, and Alexander von Zemlinsky. He was the music and artistic director of the NBC Opera Theatre (1950–1964) and the National Educational Television. He was a pioneer of televised broadcast of opera, commissioning such works as Gian Carlo Menotti's Amahl and the Night Visitors and Maria Golovin, Norman Dello Joio's The Trial at Rouen, and Bohuslav Martinů's The Marriage; Jack Beeson's My Heart's in the Highlands, Thomas Pasatieri's The Trial of Mary Lincoln and Hans Werner Henze's La Cubana. He was also involved in the early career development of such singers as Leontyne Price, George London and Mario Lanza. He later conducted the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra from 1959 to 1968. He conducted the United States premiere of Ernst Bloch's opera MacBeth at the Juilliard School in May 1973.
  
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• Pinchas Horowitz
  Rabbi Pinchas HaLevi Horowitz (born in Chortkiv about 1731; died in Frankfort-on-the-Main July 1, 1805) was a rabbi and Talmudist.
  The descendant of a long line of rabbinical ancestors and the son of Rabbi Zvi Hirsch Horowitz of Chortkiv, he received a thorough Talmudic education, chiefly from his older brother, Rabbi Shmelke of Nikolsburg, together with whom he was a follower of Rabbi Dov Ber of Mezeritch, the Maggid of Mezeritch. He married at an early age the daughter of the wealthy Joel Heilpern, who provided for him and permitted him to occupy himself exclusively with his studies. Adverse circumstances then forced him to accept a rabbinical position, and he became rabbi of Witkowo, from which place he was called later on to Lachovice.
  He was involved in the controversial "Get of Cleves" case and wrote a responsum to validate the divorce. However, according to tradition, before he was able to publish the responsa his ink bottle spilled over the paper. His students convinced him that enough rabbis had written on this case and it was not necessary to rewrite it. Rabbi Avraham Abish, then the Rabbi of Frankfurt, had fought to invalidate the divorce; in response, when he died in 1769 the rabbinical court in Frankfurt vowed not to hire for the position of Chief Rabbi anyone who had wriiten a responsum validating the divorce. Since Rabbi Horowitz's responsum had never been published he was able to become the rabbi in the very prestigious community.
  
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• Renata Adler
  Renata Adler (born October 19, 1938 in Milan, Italy) is an American author, journalist and film critic.
  Adler was born in Milan, Italy, and grew up in Danbury, Connecticut. (Her parents had fled Nazi Germany in 1933.) After gaining a B.A. in philosophy and German from Bryn Mawr, Adler studied for an M.A. in Comparative Literature at Harvard under I. A. Richards, before pursuing her interest in philosophy, linguistics and structuralism at the Sorbonne, where she gained a D.E.S. under the tutelage of Jean Wahl and Claude Lévi-Strauss. She later received her J.D. from Yale Law School, and an Honorary Doctorate of Laws from Georgetown University.
  In 1962, Adler became a staff writer-reporter for The New Yorker, and in 1968-69, she served as chief film critic for the New York Times. Her film reviews were collected in her book "A Year in the Dark." She then rejoined the staff of The New Yorker, where she remained for four decades. Her reporting and essays for The New Yorker on politics, war, and civil rights were reprinted in "Toward a Radical Middle."
  
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  René Adler
  René Adler (born 15 January 1985 in Leipzig, Saxony, East Germany) is a German footballer who plays as a goalkeeper in the German Bundesliga for Hamburger SV and for the German national team.
  He started at age six playing for VfB Leipzig's youth side. After nine years for Leipzig, Adler joined the youth system of Bayer 04 Leverkusen.
  He made his Bundesliga debut in dramatic fashion on 25 February 2007 against league leaders Schalke 04. With starting goalkeeper Hans-Jörg Butt serving a suspension, Adler saved ten shots on goal, repelling Schalke's repeated attacks. A breakaway goal by Stefan Kießling in the 85th minute gave Leverkusen a 1–0 upset victory. Leverkusen manager Michael Skibbe praised Adler's "world-class saves". His strengths are his quick reactions. He stopped Schalke's record of 13 games unbeaten, Stuttgart's record of five games unbeaten and Hamburg's four-game winning spree with a saved penalty kick against Rafael van der Vaart. Since then, Adler became a first choice goalkeeper until newly signed Bernd Leno took his place due to injuries. Adler announced that he is set to leave the club as his contract expires next season. On the 17 May 2012 Rene Adler joined Hamburger SV for a free transfer from Bayer Leverkusen as his contract was up after six years at the club.
  
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• Richard Adler
  Richard Adler (born August 3, 1921) is an American lyricist, composer and producer of several Broadway shows.
  Born in New York City, Adler had a musical upbringing, his father being a concert pianist. After serving in the Navy he began his career as a lyricist, teaming up with Jerry Ross in 1950. As a duo they worked in tandem, both taking credit for lyrics and music.
  After establishing their partnership, Adler and Ross quickly became proteges of composer/lyricist/publisher Frank Loesser. Their first notable composition was the song Rags to Riches, which was recorded by Tony Bennett and reached number 1 on the charts in late 1953.
  At the same time Bennett's recording was topping the charts, Adler and Ross began their career in the Broadway Theater with John Murray Anderson's Almanac, a revue for which they provided most of the songs.
  Adler and Ross's second Broadway effort, The Pajama Game, opened in May 1954 and was a popular as well as a critical success, winning Tony Awards as well as the Donaldson Award and the Variety Drama Critics Award. Three songs from the show were covered by popular artists and made the upper reaches of the US Hit Parade: Patti Page's version of "Steam Heat" reached #9; Archie Bleyer took "Hernando's Hideaway" to #2; and Rosemary Clooney's recording of "Hey There" made it to #1.
  
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  Robert Adler
  Robert Adler (December 4, 1913 – February 15, 2007) was an Austrian-born American inventor who held numerous patents.
  Adler was born in Vienna in 1913. He earned a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Vienna in 1937.Following Austria's annexation by Nazi Germany in 1939, Dr. Adler, a Jew, left the country. He traveled first to Belgium, then to England, where he acted on the advice of friends, who recommended that he emigrate to the United States. After emigrating to the United States, he began working at Zenith Electronics in the research division in 1941. In his lifetime, Adler was granted 58 US patents.
  The invention Adler is best known for is the wireless remote control for televisions. While not the first remote control, its underlying technology was a vast improvement over previous remote control systems.
  The "Flashmatic" remote control, invented by Eugene Polley, another engineer at Zenith, was the first wireless remote control, replacing the signal cable based remote control devices, which never were a success. The Flashmatic used directional flashlight in the transmitter device, and photo cells in the television set itself. One of the major shortcomings of this technology was that if the television set was exposed to direct sunlight, it could inadvertently trigger one of the remote control functions. The company president sent the engineers back to the drawing board to come up with a better solution.
  
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  Rodney Adler
  Rodney Stephen Adler (born 19 August 1959) is an Australian businessman whose family founded the FAI Insurances group, of which he became Chief Executive in 1989, and which was at one stage Australia’s third largest general insurer. Adler became a director of HIH Insurance (HIH) after the acquisition of that company and resigned in January 2001, two months before HIH collapsed. He was jailed in 2005 for his conduct related to the collapse of HIH, where Adler obtained A$2 million from HIH by false or misleading statements and being dishonest as a director.
  Adler is the son of Hungarian immigrant, Larry Adler, who founded the insurance company FAI in 1960.^{[citation needed]} He was educated at Cranbrook School, and later obtained degrees of Bachelor of Commerce from the University of New South Wales and Master of Economics from Macquarie University and is a fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants and Adjunct Professor at UTS.
  He is married to Lyndi and has four children: Jason, Romi, Natalie (Tali) and Charlotte.^{[dead link]}
  
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• Sara Adler
  Sara Adler (née Levitskaya, Britannica gives Levitsky; 1858 – April 28, 1953) was a Russian Jewish actress in Yiddish theater who made her career mainly in the United States. She was the wife of Jacob Adler and the mother of prominent actors Luther and Stella Adler, lesser-known actors Jay, Julia Adler, Frances, and Florence. [Adler, 1999, passim] The most famous of her 300 or so leading roles was the redeemed prostitute Katusha Maslova in Jacob Gordin's play based on Tolstoy's Resurrection.
  Born in Odessa, Russian Empire (currently in Ukraine), she grew up speaking Russian, and only learned Yiddish after through her participation in Yiddish theater. In Russia, she married Maurice Heine, leader of a Yiddish theater troupe; with him, as Sara Heine, she left in 1884 for New York City, after the 1883 ban on Yiddish theater in Imperial Russia. Jacob Adler records that when she first performed at his London theater, around 1886, "she spoke no Yiddish… but came out before the curtain and sang Russian songs." [Adler, 1999, 266]
  
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• Saul Adler
  Saul Adler FRS (Hebrew: שאול אדלר) (born 17 May 1895; died - 25 January 1966) was an Israeli expert on Parasitology.
  Adler was born in 1895 in Kerelits (Karelichy), then in the Russian Empire, now in Belarus. In 1900, he and his family moved to England and they settled in Leeds. He studied at University of Leeds and the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.
  One of his brothers was Solomon Adler, the economist.
  From 1917 until 1920, Adler served in the Royal Army Medical Corps, attaining the rank of Captain, serving in the Middle East, where he developed his first taste into research into tropical medicine, which he commenced studying after his military service, initially in Liverpool. In 1921, Adler went to Sierra Leone to conduct research into Malaria.
  In 1924, Chaim Weizmann offered him a job in Jerusalem to develop the new Institute of Microbiology. Later that year, he emigrated to Mandate Palestine and started working in Hadassah Hospital, becoming director of the department of parasitology in 1927. In 1924, he become Assistant Professor of the Department of Parasitology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, serving as Professor from 1928 to 1955.
  
  wn.com/Saul_Adler
• 
  Saul Bellow
  Saul Bellow (June 10, 1915 – April 5, 2005) was a Canadian-born American writer. For his literary contributions, Bellow was awarded the Pulitzer Prize, the Nobel Prize for Literature, and the National Medal of Arts. He is the only writer to win the National Book Award for Fiction three times and he received the Foundation's lifetime Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters in 1990.
  In the words of the Swedish Nobel Committee, his writing exhibited "the mixture of rich picaresque novel and subtle analysis of our culture, of entertaining adventure, drastic and tragic episodes in quick succession interspersed with philosophic conversation, all developed by a commentator with a witty tongue and penetrating insight into the outer and inner complications that drive us to act, or prevent us from acting, and that can be called the dilemma of our age." His best-known works include The Adventures of Augie March, Henderson the Rain King, Herzog, Mr. Sammler's Planet, Seize the Day, Humboldt's Gift and Ravelstein. Widely regarded as one of the 20th century's greatest authors, Bellow has had a "huge literary influence."
  
  wn.com/Saul_Bellow
• 
  Sherlock Holmes
  Sherlock Holmes ( /ˈʃɜrlɒk ˈhoʊmz/) is a fictional detective created by Scottish author and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The fantastic London-based "consulting detective", Holmes is famous for his astute logical reasoning, his ability to adopt almost any disguise, and his use of forensic science skills to solve difficult cases.
  Holmes, who first appeared in publication in 1887, was featured in four novels and 56 short stories. The first novel, A Study in Scarlet, appeared in Beeton's Christmas Annual in 1887 and the second, The Sign of the Four, in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine in 1890. The character grew tremendously in popularity with the first series of short stories in Strand Magazine, beginning with A Scandal in Bohemia in 1891; further series of short stories and two novels published in serial form appeared between then and 1927. The stories cover a period from around 1880 up to 1914.
  All but four stories are narrated by Holmes's friend and biographer, Dr. John H. Watson; two are narrated by Holmes himself ("The Blanched Soldier" and "The Lion's Mane") and two others are written in the third person ("The Mazarin Stone" and "His Last Bow"). In two stories ("The Musgrave Ritual" and "The Gloria Scott"), Holmes tells Watson the main story from his memories, while Watson becomes the narrator of the frame story. The first and fourth novels, A Study in Scarlet and The Valley of Fear, each include a long interval of omniscient narration recounting events unknown to either Holmes or Watson.
  
  wn.com/Sherlock_Holmes
• 
  Shwayze
  Aaron Smith (born May 29, 1986 in Malibu, CA), better known by his stage name Shwayze, is an American rapper. Born and raised in Malibu, California, Shwayze worked at a local Starbucks coffee shop until he met Whitestarr frontman Cisco Adler at a nightclub. One night Shwayze jumped on stage during Whitestarr's performance and started freestyling, impressing Adler. They immediately began making music together, and landed a deal with Suretone Records. Their first single "Buzzin'" peaked at #46 on the Billboard Hot 100. Their second single "Corona and Lime," has reached #23 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the U.S. and #3 in the US iTunes Store. Shwayze's self-titled debut album, which Cisco Adler co-wrote, was released on August 19, 2008. Shwayze and Adler are the focus of a reality television series on MTV titled Buzzin', which debuted on July 23, 2008. The show has now stopped with a replacement of "Let it Beat TV" on iamrogue.com. He has been also known to work with rapper Chris Young of banana beat records. Shwayze and Cisco Adler released a mixtape entitled "Rich Girls" on November 24, 2008.
  
  wn.com/Shwayze
• Solomon Adler
  Solomon Adler (August 6, 1909 — August 4, 1994) was an economist who worked in the U. S. Treasury Department, serving as Treasury representative in China during World War II. He was identified by Whittaker Chambers and Elizabeth Bentley as a Soviet intelligence source and resigned from the Treasury Department in 1950. After several years teaching at Cambridge University in England, he returned to China in the 1950s and was a resident there from the 1960s until his death, working as a translator, economic advisor, and possibly with the Central External Liaison Department, a Chinese intelligence agency.
  Solomon Adler was born on 6 August 1909 in Leeds, England. The Adler family was originally from Karelitz, Belarus, moving to Leeds in 1900. Solomon Adler was the fifth of ten children; the oldest was Saul Adler, who became a well-known Israeli parasitologist. Adler studied economics at Oxford and University College, London. He came to the United States in 1935 to do research. In 1936 he was hired at the Works Progress Administration's National Research Project, but soon moved to the Treasury Department's Division of Monetary Research and Statistics, where he worked with Harry Dexter White for the next several years.
  
  wn.com/Solomon_Adler
• Sonya Adler
  Sonya ("Sophia") Adler (died 1886), born Sonya Oberlander, early stage name Sonya Michelson, was one of the first women to perform in Yiddish theater in Imperial Russia. She later was the first wife of actor Jacob Adler, with whom she relocated to London in 1883 after Yiddish theater was banned in Russia.
  A Jew from Odessa, Ukraine, she was from a genteel family, descended from Jews from the Courland (now Latvia). Jacob Adler, in his memoir, remarks that at the time he met her, she was a student at the University of Odessa, who, like him, spoke Yiddish and Russian, but also spoke much better German than he, and also excellent French. He adds that "like all the best young people of the day" she was a nihilist, a "serious young student and revolutionary", and that her (and her family's) passion for theater, and their vision of what Yiddish theater could become, kept him in the profession through the difficult early years of his career as an actor.
  Her debut as a professional actress (Odessa, 1878) was in the title role of Abraham Goldfaden's darkly comic operetta Breindele Cossack, in the troupe of Israel Rosenberg, the first Yiddish theater troupe in Imperial Russia; at first she played opposite Jacob Spivakovsky, but she pulled strings so that Jacob Adler, to whom she was already close at the time, would get the role. The next few years of theatrical touring had their ups and downs; initially, so did her relationship with Adler, but they married in Poltova in 1880. For greater detail on this troupe and its travels, see Israel Rosenberg.
  
  wn.com/Sonya_Adler
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  Stella Adler
  Stella Adler (February 10, 1901 – December 21, 1992) was an American actress and an acclaimed acting teacher, who founded the Stella Adler Studio of Acting in New York City (1949) and the The Stella Adler Academy of Acting in Los Angeles (1985) with long-time protege Joanne Linville, who continues to teach and furthers Adler's legacy. Her grandson Tom Oppenheim now runs the school in New York, which produced alumni including Marlon Brando, Robert De Niro, and Jenny Lumet, daughter of Sidney Lumet. Irene Gilbert, long-time protege and close personal friend, founded the Stella Adler Academy of Acting and Theatre in Los Angeles, and was instrumental in bringing Stella Adler to the West Coast to teach on a permanent basis. The LA school continues to flourish as an acting studio and houses several theaters, alumni of the Stella Adler-Los Angeles school include Mark Ruffalo, Benicio Del Toro, Brion James, Salma Hayek, Clifton Collins Jr. & Sean Astin.
  Born in New York City's Lower East Side, Adler was a member of the Jewish-American Adler acting dynasty, the youngest daughter of Sara and Jacob P. Adler, the sister of Luther and Jay Adler, and half-sister of Charles Adler; in fact all her five siblings were actors. They were a significant part of a vital ethnic theatrical scene that thrived in New York from the late 19th century well into the 1950s. Stella Adler would become the most famous and influential member of her family. She began acting at the age of four as a part of the "Independent Yiddish Art Company" of her parents, and concluded it 55 years later, in 1961. During that time, and for years after, Stella Adler taught acting as well.
  
  wn.com/Stella_Adler
• Steven Adler
  Steven Adler (born Michael Coletti; January 22, 1965) is an American musician. He is best known as the former drummer and co-songwriter of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he achieved worldwide success in the late 1980s. Adler was fired from Guns N' Roses over his heroin addiction in 1990, following which he reformed his old band Road Crew and briefly joined BulletBoys, which both proved unsuccessful. During the 2000s, Adler was the drummer and frontman of the band Adler's Appetite, and since 2012, he has held the same positions in the band Adler. He appeared on the second and fifth seasons of the reality TV show Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew, as well as on the first season of its spin-off Sober House.
  Adler was born Michael Coletti in Cleveland, Ohio, the son of an Italian-American father and a Jewish American mother. His father soon left, after which his mother, Deanna, moved the family to Los Angeles, California. He was renamed Steven in observance of Jewish traditions, and he took on the surname Adler from his mother's marriage to Melvin Adler. He has an older brother, Kenny, and a younger half-brother, Jamie. Adler grew up in the San Fernando Valley until the age of 13, when he was sent to live with his grandparents in Hollywood due to his bad behavior. At Bancroft Junior High, Adler befriended Saul Hudson, later known as Slash; they met when Adler had a skateboarding accident and Slash stopped to help him. After ninth grade, Adler returned to his parents' house in the Valley for the remainder of high school, during which he learned to play drums.
  
  wn.com/Steven_Adler
• 
  Tom Clancy
  Thomas Leo "Tom" Clancy, Jr. (born April 12, 1947) is an American author, best known for his technically detailed espionage, military science, and techno thriller storylines set during and in the aftermath of the Cold War, along with video games on which he did not work, but which bear his name for licensing and promotional purposes. His name is also a brand for similar movie scripts written by ghost writers and many series of non-fiction books on military subjects and merged biographies of key leaders. He is Vice Chairman of Community Activities and Public Affairs, as well as a part-owner, of the MLB Baltimore Orioles.
  Clancy was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He attended Loyola Blakefield in Towson, Maryland, graduating with the class of 1965. He then attended Loyola College in Baltimore, graduating in 1969. Before making his literary debut, he spent some time running an independent insurance agency. This agency thrived for a few years before joining a group of investors.
  Clancy and his first wife Wanda married in 1969, separated briefly in 1995, and permanently separated in December 1996. Clancy filed for divorce in November 1997, which became final in January 1999.
  
  wn.com/Tom_Clancy
• 
  Victor Adler
  
  
  Victor Adler (June 24, 1852, Prague – November 11, 1918) was an Austrian Social Democratic Party (SPÖ) leader.
  Born in Prague, Adler received a university degree in Vienna in 1881. He founded the Socialist movement in Austria and created the Marxist journals Gleicheit (Equality) in 1886 and Arbeiter-Zeitung (Workers' Paper) in 1889. That year he participated in the Hainfelder Parteitag, the conference which took part in Hainfeld to form the SPÖ. As a member of the provincial parliament (from 1905) he played a leading role in the fight for universal suffrage.
  Before World War I, Adler was a moderate social democrat and leader of the Socialist Party in Vienna. He publicly backed the Imperial government's decision to go to war, but had private misgivings. Entering the new Austrian government in October 1918, he advocated the Anschluss (unification) of the rump Austrian state with Germany but died before he could pursue this project. He was the father of Friedrich Adler. He died in Vienna.
  
  wn.com/Victor_Adler
• Vincent Adler
  Vincent Adler (3 April 1826, Győr – 4 January 1871, Geneva) was a Hungarian composer and pianist.
  Adler received his initial musical training from his brother-in-law Ferenc Erkel and later studied in Vienna, before finally settling in Paris. From Paris, he embarked on numerous concert tours of Europe as a soloist. In 1864, he started teaching at the Geneva Conservatory.
  Adler composed many études and virtuosic salon pieces for the piano, which were filled with Hungarian color.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Vincent_Adler
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  Willie Adler
  William M. Adler (born January 26, 1976) is the rhythm guitarist in the groove metal band Lamb of God. He is the younger brother of bandmate Chris Adler.
  Willie joined Lamb of God after the first guitarist, Abe Spear, left the band. Self-taught, Willie is well known for his unconventional style of playing, which includes odd/dissonant chord shapes, unique timing patterns, odd rhythms, high usage of his fretting hand's pinky finger, wide stretches between frets due to an increased reach, and being an obsessive perfectionist with his right hand rhythm playing. He plays mostly the jagged staccato riffs in Lamb of God's songs, while Mark Morton plays more of the groove-oriented rhythms and solos. Willie does solo occasionally, and says whereas Morton is more knowledgeable of scales and modes, that he "attacks solos like a division problem". Willie is described by bassist John Campbell as a "good time guitar player." Willie and brother Chris Adler have been described as the metal purists in the band.
  
  wn.com/Willie_Adler

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