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![Neil Young - Tonight's the Night [1975] - 08 - Albuquerque](http://web.archive.org./web/20121124004045im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/ppkrb0VhN9A/default.jpg "Neil Young - Tonight's the Night [1975] - 08 - Albuquerque")
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Albuquerque
Albuquerque (
/ˈælbəkɜrkiː/) is the largest city in the state of New Mexico, United States. It is the county seat of Bernalillo County and is situated in the central part of the state, straddling the Rio Grande. The city population was 545,852 as of the 2010 Census and ranks as the 32nd-largest city in the U.S. As of June 2007, the city was the sixth fastest-growing in America. It has a metropolitan population of 887,077 as of the 2010 Census. Albuquerque is the 57th-largest United States metropolitan area. The Albuquerque MSA population includes the city of Rio Rancho.
Albuquerque is home to the University of New Mexico (UNM), Kirtland Air Force Base, Sandia National Laboratories, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, and Petroglyph National Monument. The Sandia Mountains run along the eastern side of Albuquerque, and the Rio Grande flows through the city, north to south.
It is generally believed that the growing village that was to become Albuquerque was named by the provincial governor Don Francisco Cuervo y Valdes in honor of Don Francisco Fernández de la Cueva y Enríquez de Cabrera, viceroy of New Spain from 1653 to 1660. One of de la Cueva's aristocratic titles was Duke of Alburquerque, referring to the Spanish town of Alburquerque.
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Albuquerque Museum
The Albuquerque Museum is located in Albuquerque, New Mexico in Old Town Albuquerque dedicated to preserving the art of the American Southwest and the history of Albuquerque and the Middle Rio Grande Valley of New Mexico. The museum also contributes significantly to the cultural and educational programs in the city of Albuquerque. The museum features art of the Southwest and its global influences, as well as 400 years of Albuquerque history with permanent installations and special exhibitions of national and interenational origin.
The museum was first opened as the Museum of Albuquerque in 1967 and located in the Albuquerque International Sunport. The collection outgrew the available space in the terminal, and the current location was built in 1979. The building was designed by Antoine Predock and was significantly expanded in 2005.
The museum's permanent exhibits are dedicated to art in New Mexico, and the history of Albuquerque include early maps, conquistador armor, weavings, and other artifacts of colonial life in New Mexico. The museum also hosts changing exhibits, a massive photo archive, art galleries, and maintains an outdoor sculpture garden on the grounds.
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Arlington, Texas
Arlington is a city in Tarrant County, Texas (USA) within the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area. According to the 2010 census results, the city had a population of 365,438, making it the third largest municipality in the Metroplex. Arlington is the seventh-largest city in Texas and the 50th largest city in the United States.
Located approximately 12 miles (19 km) east of downtown Fort Worth and 20 miles (32 km) west of downtown Dallas, Arlington is home to the University of Texas at Arlington, a doctoral-granting institution, and a General Motors assembly plant. Additionally Arlington hosts the Texas Rangers' Rangers Ballpark in Arlington, Cowboys Stadium, the International Bowling Campus (which houses the United States Bowling Congress, International Bowling Museum and the International Bowling Hall of Fame), the headquarters for American Mensa, and the theme parks Six Flags Over Texas (the original Six Flags) and Hurricane Harbor. The city borders Kennedale, Grand Prairie, Mansfield and Fort Worth, and surrounds the smaller communities of Dalworthington Gardens and Pantego. Arlington is the headquarters of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Region IV.
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Artesia, New Mexico
Artesia is a city in Eddy County, New Mexico, United States, centered at the intersection of U.S. Route 82 and 285; the two highways serve as the city's Main Street and First Street, respectively. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 10,692.
The town assumed its present name in 1903, after the discovery of an artesian aquifer in the area; artesian wells for agriculture flourished in the area until the aquifer became significantly depleted in the 1920s. The city was officially incorporated in 1905.
Artesia was a candidate for ESPN's Titletown USA feature.
Artesia is located at 32°50′34″N 104°24′44″W / 32.84278°N 104.41222°W / 32.84278; -104.41222 (32.842744, -104.412315), at an elevation of 3,380 feet (1,030 m).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 8.0 square miles (20.7 km2), of which 8.0 square miles (20.7 km2) is land and 0.13% is water.
The Pecos River is about three miles east of Artesia.
The principal economic activities which support Artesia are the oil and gas industry, agriculture and dairy. Prominent, local oil and gas businesses include Yates Petroleum, Mack Energy Corporation, and Marbob Energy Corp. In the Fall of 2010, Concho Resources acquired most of Marbob Energy Corp's assets for nearly $1.6 billion. Holly Corporation also operates the Navajo Refinery, the largest refinery in New Mexico, at the corner of 1st and Main Street.
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Atlanta
Atlanta ( /ətˈlæntə/, stressed /ætˈlæntə/, locally /ætˈlænə/) is the capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia with a 2010 population of 420,003. Atlanta is the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, which is home to 5,268,860 people and is the ninth largest in the U.S. It is a major component of a growing southeastern megalopolis known as the Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion. Atlanta is the county seat of Fulton County, and a small portion of the city extends eastward into DeKalb County.
Atlanta began as a settlement located at the terminus of a railroad line, and it was incorporated in 1845. Today, the city is a major business city and the primary transportation hub of the Southeastern United States (via highway, railroad, and air), with Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport being the world's busiest airport since 1998. The World Cities Study Group at Loughborough University rated Atlanta as an "alpha(-) world city." With a gross domestic product of US$270 billion, Atlanta's economy ranks 15th among world cities and sixth in the nation. The city is a center for services, finance, information technology, government, and higher education. Metro Atlanta contains the country's third largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies, and is the world headquarters of The Coca-Cola Company, Turner Broadcasting, The Home Depot, AT&T Mobility, UPS, and Delta Air Lines. As of 2010, Atlanta is the seventh most visited city in the United States, with over 35 million visitors per year.
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Austin, Texas
Austin (/ˈɒstɨn/ or /ˈɔːstɨn/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. Located in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 14th most populous city in the United States. It was the third-fastest-growing large city in the nation from 2000 to 2006. Austin has a population of 790,390 (2010 U.S. Census). The city is the cultural and economic center of the Austin–Round Rock–San Marcos metropolitan area, which had an estimated population 1,783,519 (2011 U.S. Census), making it the 34th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the United States.
In the 1830s, pioneers began to the settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River. After Republic of Texas Vice President Mirabeau B. Lamar visited the area during a buffalo-hunting expedition between 1837 and 1838, he proposed that the republic's capital then located in Houston, Texas, be relocated to the area situated on the north bank of the Colorado River near the present-day Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge. In 1839, the site was officially chosen as the republic's new capital (the republic's seventh and final location) and was incorporated under the name, Waterloo. Shortly thereafter, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the "Father of Texas" and the republic's first secretary of state.
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Aşgabat
Ashgabat (Turkmen: Aşgabat, Persian: اشک آباد, Russian: Ашхабад, also Ashkhabad in transliteration from Russian formerly Poltoratsk between 1919–1927) is the capital and largest city of Turkmenistan, a country in Central Asia. It has a population of 695,300 (2001 census estimate), 2009 estimates around 1 million people in Ashgabat, and is situated between the Kara Kum desert and the Kopet Dag mountain range. Ashgabat has a primarily Turkmen population, with ethnic minorities of Russians, Armenians, and Azeris. It is 250 km from the second largest city in Iran, Mashhad.
Ashgabat is Aşgabat in Turkmen, Ашхабад (Ashkhabad) in Russian, and اشک آباد (UniPers: Ešq-âbâd) in Persian. From 1919 until 1927, the city was renamed Poltoratsk after a local revolutionary. Before 1991, the city was usually spelled Ashkabad in English, a transliteration of the Russian form, which was itself from the original Persian form. It has also been variously spelled Ashkhabat and Ashgabad.
Root of the name of the city goes back to Arshacid Empire era, and derived from the name of the founder of the Parthian Empire,Arsaces I of Parthia. So it seems the original form of the name was Ashk-Abad, and because of Turkish pronunciation of the name it became like it is today.
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Badajoz (province)
The province of Badajoz (pronounced: [baðaˈxoθ]) is a province of western Spain located in the autonomous community of Extremadura. It was formed in 1833. It is bordered by the provinces of Cáceres, Toledo, Ciudad Real, Córdoba, Seville, and Huelva, and by Portugal.
With its area of 21,766 m², it is the largest province in Spain. The other province of Extremadura, Cáceres, is the second largest.
As of 2010[update], the province has a population of 692,137. Its capital is the city of Badajoz. See also List of municipalities in Badajoz.
Although in many districts there are low ranges of hills, the surface is more often a desolate and monotonous plain, flat or slightly undulating. Its one large river is the Guadiana, which traverses the north of the province from east to west, fed by many tributaries; but it is only at certain seasons that the river-beds fill with any considerable volume of water, and the Guadiana may frequently be forded without difficulty. The climate is continental with great extremes of heat in summer and of cold in winter, when fierce north and north-west winds blow across the plains.
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Baltimore
Baltimore ( /ˈbɒltɨmɔr/, colloquially /ˈbɔl.mɔr/) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is located in the central area of the state along the tidal portion of the Patapsco River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay. The independent city is often referred to as Baltimore City to distinguish it from surrounding Baltimore County.
Founded in 1729, Baltimore is the largest seaport in the Mid-Atlantic United States and is situated closer to Midwestern markets than any other major seaport on the East Coast. Baltimore's Inner Harbor was once the second leading port of entry for immigrants to the United States and a major manufacturing center. After a decline in manufacturing, Baltimore shifted to a service-oriented economy.
At 620,961 residents in 2010, Baltimore's population has decreased by one-third since its peak in 1950. The Baltimore Metropolitan Area has grown steadily to approximately 2.7 million residents in 2010; the 20th largest in the country. Baltimore is also a principal city in the larger Baltimore–Washington combined statistical area of approximately 8.4 million residents.
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Belen, New Mexico
Belen ( /bəˈlɪn/; Spanish: Belén) is a city in Valencia County, New Mexico, United States. Belen is Spanish for Bethlehem, and over time has gained the nickname "Hub City" because of the Belen Cutoff of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. The Cutoff made it possible for many more trains to travel east and west across the United States. Prior to the Belen Cutoff, train traffic came through the steep Raton Pass on the Colorado and New Mexico border. To this day, an average of 110 trains travel through Belen in a 24-hour period on the Southern Transcon. Belen also has the only Harvey House[disambiguation needed 
] Museum in the state of New Mexico. The population was 7,269 at the 2010 Census.
Belen is part of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Belen is located at 34°39′56″N 106°46′34″W / 34.66556°N 106.77611°W / 34.66556; -106.77611 (34.665587, -106.776225).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.7 square miles (12 km2), all land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,901 people, 2,596 households, and 1,778 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,463.1 people per square mile (564.5/km²). There were 2,952 housing units at an average density of 625.9 per square mile (241.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 67.50% White, 1.07% African American, 1.65% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 0.16% Pacific Islander, 25.39% from other races, and 4.06% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 68.61% of the population.
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Bernadette Sanchez
Bernadette Sanchez is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 26th District since 2001.
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Boston
Boston (pronounced /ˈbɒstən/ or locally /ˈbɔstən/ (
listen)) is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper, covering only 48.43 square miles, had a population of 617,594 according to the 2010 U.S. Census. Boston is also the anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area called Greater Boston, home to 4.5 million people and the tenth-largest metropolitan area in the country. Greater Boston as a commuting region is home to 7.6 million people, making it the fifth-largest Combined Statistical Area in the United States.
In 1630, Puritan colonists from England founded the city on the Shawmut Peninsula. During the late 18th century, Boston was the location of several major events during the American Revolution, including the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party. Several early battles of the American Revolution, such as the Battle of Bunker Hill and the Siege of Boston, occurred within the city and surrounding areas. Through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the peninsula. After American independence was attained Boston became a major shipping port and manufacturing center, and its rich history now helps attract many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone attracting over 20 million every year. The city was the site of several firsts, including America's first public school, Boston Latin School (1635), and the first subway system in the United States (1897).
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Carlsbad, New Mexico
Carlsbad ( /ˈkɑrlzbæd/ KARLZ-bad) is a city in and the county seat of Eddy County, New Mexico, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 26,138. Carlsbad is the center of the designated micropolitan area of Carlsbad-Artesia, which has a total population of 55,435. It is a center for potash, petroleum production, and tourism.
Carlsbad is located in the Chihuahuan Desert and the Pecos River Valley at an elevation of 3,295 feet (1,004 m). Carlsbad Caverns National Park is located 18 miles (29 km) southwest of the city, with Guadalupe Mountains National Park lying 40 miles further southwest across the Texas border. There are also three man-made lakes within 50 miles of the city, including Lake Carlsbad. Carlsbad has a mayor-council government type. The city has multiple recreational parks and facilities, including those for senior citizens.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Carlsbad has a total area of 28.4 square miles (74 km2). 28.3 square miles (73 km2) of the city is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) is water.
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Carnuel, New Mexico
Carnuel is a census-designated place (CDP) in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 1,232 at the 2010 Census. It is part of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Carnuel is located at 35°4′2″N 106°26′56″W / 35.06722°N 106.44889°W / 35.06722; -106.44889 (35.067181, -106.448823).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.5 square miles (6.5 km2), all of it land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 872 people, 371 households, and 244 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 354.0 people per square mile (136.9/km²). There were 398 housing units at an average density of 161.6 per square mile (62.5/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 69.27% White, 0.34% African American, 1.72% Native American, 27.06% from other races, and 1.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 51.15% of the population.
There were 371 households out of which 25.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.4% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.83.
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Chicago
Chicago (
i/ʃɪˈkɑːɡoʊ/ or /ʃɪˈkɔːɡoʊ/) is the largest city in the US state of Illinois and the third most populous city in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles. The city has around 2.7 million residents. Its metropolitan area, sometimes called "Chicagoland", is the third largest in the United States, with an estimated 9.8 million people. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County, though a small portion also extends into DuPage County.
Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837, near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed. Today, Chicago is listed as an alpha+ global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, and ranks seventh in the world on the 2012 Global Cities Index. The city retains its status as an international hub for finance, industry, telecommunications and infrastructure, with O'Hare International Airport being the second busiest airport in the world in terms of traffic movements. In 2008[update], the city hosted 45.6 million domestic and overseas visitors. Among metropolitan areas, Chicago has the 4th largest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the world, ranking just behind Tokyo, New York City, and Los Angeles. Chicago is one of the most important Worldwide Centers of Commerce and trade.
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Chihuahua (state)
Chihuahua (Spanish pronunciation: [tʃiˈwawa]), officially Free and Sovereign State of Chihuahua (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Chihuahua), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. Its capital city is Chihuahua.
It is located in Northwestern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Sonora to the west, Sinaloa to the southwest, Durango to the south, and Coahuila to the east. To the north and northeast, it has a long line with the U.S.–Mexico border adjacent to the U.S. states of New Mexico and Texas.
Chihuahua is the largest state in Mexico by area, with a mainland area of 247,455 square kilometres (95,543 sq mi), it is slightly larger than the United Kingdom. It is consequently known under the nickname El Estado Grande ("The Big State").
Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico. Due to its variant climate the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide river valleys. The Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range, an extension of the Rocky Mountains, dominates the state's terrain and is home to the state's greatest attraction, Las Barrancas del Cobre, or Copper Canyon, a canyon system larger and deeper than the Grand Canyon. On the slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains (around the regions of Casas Grandes, Cuauhtémoc and Parral), there are vast prairies of short yellow grass, the source of the bulk of the state's agricultural production. Most of the inhabitants live along the Rio Grande Valley and the Conchos River Valley.
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Chihuahua, Chihuahua
The city of Chihuahua (Spanish pronunciation: [tʃiˈwawa]) is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It has a population of about 825,327. The predominant activity is industry, including domestic heavy, light industries, consumer goods production, and to a smaller extent maquiladoras.
It has been said that the name derives from the Tarahumara language, meaning "between two waters", other accepted definitions are "place of the holed-rock" or "dry and sandy place". The name itself is older than the Spanish conquest of Mexico. The city was founded on October 12, 1709, by Blas Cano de los Rios and Antonio Deza y Ulloa, a Spanish explorer, as El Real de Minas de San Francisco el Cuéllar. The town was erected a Villa in 1718 with the name of San Felipe el Real de Chihuahua, and the name was shortened in 1823. The location was chosen because it is the intersection of the rivers Chuviscar and Sacramento. It is also the midpoint between the Río Bravo del Norte (Rio Grande) and the then-important mining city of Hidalgo del Parral.
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Chilili, New Mexico
Chilili is a census-designated place in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 113 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Chilili is located at 34°53′31″N 106°14′06″W / 34.891855°N 106.235074°W / 34.891855; -106.235074.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.0 square mile (2.6 km2), all land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 113 people, 37 households, and 33 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 114.0 people per square mile (44.1/km2). There were 44 housing units at an average density of 44.4 per square mile (17.2/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 34.51% White, 2.65% African American, 7.08% Native American, 52.21% from other races, and 3.54% from two or more races. 92.04% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 37 households out of which 54.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.6% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 10.8% were non-families. 8.1% of all households were made up of individuals and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.05 and the average family size was 3.18.
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China
China (
i/ˈtʃaɪnə/; Chinese: 中国; pinyin: Zhōngguó; see also Names of China), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is the world's most-populous country, with a population of over 1.3 billion. Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometres, the East Asian state is the world's second-largest country by land area, and the third- or fourth-largest in total area, depending on the definition of total area.
The People's Republic of China is a single-party state governed by the Communist Party of China. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four directly controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau). Its capital city is Beijing. The PRC also claims Taiwan—which is controlled by the Republic of China (ROC), a separate political entity—as its 23rd province, a claim controversial due to the complex political status of Taiwan and the unresolved Chinese Civil War. The PRC government denies the legitimacy of the ROC.
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Cisco McSorley
Cisco A. McSorley is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 16th District since 1997. Earlier he was a member of the New Mexico House of Representatives from 1984 through 1996. He is currently chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee.
McSorley was born and grew up in Albuquerque, New Mexico and attended St. Pius X High School. He graduated from the University of New Mexico with a bachelor's degree in 1974 and from the University of New Mexico School of Law with a J.D. in 1979.
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Cleveland
Cleveland ( /ˈkliːvlənd/) is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state. The city is located in northeastern Ohio on the southern shore of Lake Erie, approximately 60 miles (97 km) west of the Pennsylvania border. It was founded in 1796 near the mouth of the Cuyahoga River, and became a manufacturing center owing to its location on the lake shore, as well as being connected to numerous canals and railroad lines. Cleveland's economy has diversified sectors that include manufacturing, financial services, healthcare, and biomedical. Cleveland is home to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
As of the 2010 Census, the city proper had a total population of 396,815 and was the 45th largest city in the United States, and the second largest city in Ohio. It is the center of Greater Cleveland, the largest metropolitan area in Ohio. The Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor Metropolitan Statistical Area in 2011 ranked as the 28th largest in the United States with 2,068,283 people. Cleveland is part of the larger Cleveland-Akron-Elyria Combined Statistical Area, which in 2011 had a population of 2,871,084, and ranked as the country's 15th largest.
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Clovis, New Mexico
Clovis is the county seat of Curry County, New Mexico, United States. with a population of 37,775 as of the 2010 census.
Clovis is located in the New Mexico portion of the Llano Estacado, in the eastern part of the state. A largely agricultural community it is also noted for its role in early rock music history. as well as nearby Cannon Air Force Base.
It is the principal city of the Clovis Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Clovis-Portales Combined Statistical Area.
Clovis is located at 34°24′45″N 103°12′17″W / 34.4125°N 103.20472°W / 34.4125; -103.20472 (34.412509, −103.204611). at 4,281 feet (1,305 m) above sea level (1304 m) when located at its geographic center.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 22.5 square miles (58 km2), of which 22.4 square miles (58 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) of it (0.44%) is water from the several artificial ponds in Clovis' multiple public parks.
Portales, 17 miles (27 km) south, is home to Eastern New Mexico University and has a small variety of restaurants, furniture stores, and specialty shops. Medical care in Clovis is primarily provided by the Plains Regional Medical Center and in Portales by Roosevelt General Hospital.
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Columbus, Ohio
Columbus is the capital of and the largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio. The broader metropolitan area encompasses several counties and is the third largest in Ohio behind those of Cleveland and Cincinnati. Columbus is the sixteenth largest city in the United States of America. It is the county seat of Franklin County, yet the city has expanded and annexed portions of adjoining Delaware County and Fairfield County. Named for explorer Christopher Columbus, the city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and assumed the functions of state capital in 1816. The city has a diverse economy based on education, government, insurance, banking, fashion, defense, aviation, food, clothes, logistics, steel, energy, medical research, health care, hospitality, retail, and technology. Modern Columbus has emerged as a technologically sophisticated city. It is home to the world's largest private research and development foundation, the Battelle Memorial Institute; CAS, or Chemical Abstracts Service, the world's largest clearinghouse of chemical information; NetJets, the world's largest fractional ownership jet aircraft fleet; and The Ohio State University, the nation's largest campus.
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Coronado Center
Coronado Center is a 2 level super-regional enclosed shopping mall owned by General Growth Properties located in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Coronado is one of 3 malls located in the Albuquerque area.
Coronado Center opened in March 1965 as an open air mall, and was developed by Homart Development Company, the mall-building subsidiary of Sears. It was remodeled in 1975-1976 (when it became an enclosed mall), 1984, 1992, and 1995. The mall is the largest in the state of New Mexico with 150 stores and is anchored by Macy's, JCPenney, Sears, and Kohl's.
When Coronado Center first opened in 1965, the mall's original anchor tenants included Sears and Rhodes Brothers. In 1974, Rhodes Brothers was rebranded as Liberty House. In the mall's 1975-1976 expansion, two new anchor stores (Goldwater's and The Broadway) were added, and in 1984 a fifth anchor store (Sanger-Harris) was added. Goldwater's closed in 1986, but later reopened as May D&F in 1989. Sanger-Harris was rebranded as Foley's in 1987, but in 1988, Foley's closed this location. In the late 1980s, Liberty House closed and was replaced by Mervyn's shortly afterward. In 1990, JCPenney opened at the former Sanger-Harris/Foley's store area. May D&F was rebranded as Foley's in 1993, signifying Foley's return to the mall. The Broadway was rebranded as Macy's in 1996. In 2006, Foley's was rebranded as Macy's, and Macy's vacated the former The Broadway store area, which remains vacant today. Mervyn's closed all stores due to bankruptcy in 2008, and the store area was remodeled for Kohl's, which opened in 2010.
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Corrales, New Mexico
Corrales is a village in Sandoval County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 8,329 at the 2010 Census. It is part of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area. With proximity to the Rio Grande, the village was founded for agricultural purposes. The Rio Grande Bosque on the eastern edge of the village provides refuge for native animals and plants. The village fights hard to maintain its rural character in light of being surrounded by the rapidly growing cities of Rio Rancho and Albuquerque.
Corrales is located at 35°14′5″N 106°37′5″W / 35.23472°N 106.61806°W / 35.23472; -106.61806 (35.234838, -106.618183).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 11.2 square miles (29.1 km²), of which, 10.7 square miles (27.8 km²) of it is land and 0.5 square miles (1.4 km²) of it (4.71%) is water.
Until 2005, portions of the Village of Corrales were located in both Bernalillo and Sandoval counties. In 2005, a special election annexed the portion of Corrales located in Bernalillo County to Sandoval County, so that now the entire village is located in Sandoval County.
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Dallas
Dallas ( /ˈdæləs/) is the third-largest city in the state of Texas and the ninth-largest in the United States. The Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex is the largest metropolitan area in the South and fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States. Divided between Collin, Dallas, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties, the city had a population of 1,197,816 in 2010, according to the United States Census Bureau.
The city is the largest economic center of the 12-county Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan area (the DFW MSA) that according to the March 2010 U.S. Census Bureau release, had a population of 6,371,773. The metroplex economy is the sixth largest in the United States, with a 2010 gross metropolitan product of $374 billion.
Dallas was founded in 1841 and was formally incorporated as a city in February 1856. The city's economy is primarily based on banking, commerce, telecommunications, computer technology, energy, healthcare and medical research, transportation and logistics. The city is home to the third largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies in the nation. Located in North Texas and a major city in the American South, Dallas is the main core of the largest inland metropolitan area in the United States that lacks any navigable link to the sea.
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Dede Feldman
Dede Feldman is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 13th District since 1997.
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Deming, New Mexico
Deming is a city in Luna County, New Mexico, United States, located 60 miles (97 km) west of Las Cruces. The population was 14,116 at the 2000 census. Deming is the county seat and principal town of Luna County.
The city, founded in 1881 and incorporated in 1902, was an important port of entry on the US-Mexican border until the Gadsden Purchase of 1853. A nickname was given to the city at the time of its founding, "New Chicago". It was expected that with the surge of railroad usage, that the city would grow drastically and resemble Chicago, Illinois.
Deming is named after Mary Ann Deming Crocker, wife of Charles Crocker, one of The Big Four of the railroad industry. The Silver Spike was driven here in 1881 to commemorate the meeting of the Southern Pacific with the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe railroads. This was the second transcontinental railroad to be completed in the United States.
There are numerous ancient Native American sites around Deming. The Mimbres and Casas Grandes cultures made pottery of remarkable quality, and the Deming area is (or was) rich in native pottery artifacts...as well as beads, stone implements, stone carvings, graves, etc.
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Denver
Denver ( /ˈdɛnvər/) (Arapaho: Niinéniiniicíihéhe' ) is the largest city and the capital of the U.S. state of Colorado. As Denver County, it is the second most populous county in Colorado after El Paso County, which surpassed Denver County as of the 2010 Census. Denver is a consolidated city-county, located in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown district is located immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately 12 miles (19 km) east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. Denver is nicknamed the Mile-High City because its official elevation is exactly one mile (1.6 km) or 5,280 feet (1,609.344 m) above sea level, which is defined by the elevation of the spot of a benchmark on the steps of the State Capital building. The elevation of the entire city ranges from 5,130 to 5,680 feet. The 105th meridian west of Greenwich passes through Union Station and is the temporal reference for the Mountain Time Zone.
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Detroit
Detroit ( /diˈtrɔɪt/) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan, and the seat of Wayne County. It is the major city among the primary cultural, financial, and transportation centers in the Metro Detroit area, a region of 5.2 million people, and serves as a major port on the Detroit River connecting the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway. It was founded on July 24, 1701, by the French explorer, adventurer, and nobleman Antoine de la Mothe, sieur de Cadillac.
In 2010, the city had a population of 713,777 and ranked as the 18th most populous city in the United States. The name Detroit sometimes refers to the Metro Detroit area with a population of 4,296,250 for the six-county Metropolitan Statistical Area, the United States' eleventh-largest, and a population of 5,218,852 for the nine-county Combined Statistical Area as of the 2010 Census. The Detroit–Windsor area, a critical commercial link straddling the Canada–U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,700,000.
Known as the world's traditional automotive center, "Detroit" is a metonym for the American automobile industry and an important source of popular music legacies celebrated by the city's two familiar nicknames, the Motor City and Motown. Other nicknames arose in the 20th century, including City of Champions beginning in the 1930s for its successes in individual and team sport,The D, D-Town, Hockeytown (a trademark owned by the city's NHL club, the Red Wings), Rock City (after the Kiss song "Detroit Rock City"), and The 313 (its telephone area code) Detroit became known as the "great arsenal of democracy" for its support of the U.S. role among the Allied powers during World War II.
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Downtown Albuquerque
Downtown Albuquerque is the central business district of Albuquerque, New Mexico. It is where a large number of the city's highrise buildings are located, as well as being the center of government and business for the region.
Downtown is roughly defined as the area between Marble Avenue, Coal Avenue, Seventh Street, and the Burlington Northern Santa Fe railroad tracks. The area on the east side of the railroad tracks is known as East Downtown or EDo.
Downtown Albuquerque is laid out in a standard grid pattern, with numbered north-south streets and named east-west avenues. Central Avenue (originally known as Railroad Avenue) is the main east-west thoroughfare through the center of Downtown, while Lomas Boulevard (originally New York Avenue) is a major east-west arterial through the north part of downtown.
The streets start with First Street just west of the railroad tracks and increase in number moving westward. Fourth Street was originally the main north-south thoroughfare through Downtown but today it is discontinuous, interrupted by Civic Plaza and a two-block pedestrian mall north of Central. Since these developments took place Second Street has been the main north-south street through downtown.
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Edgewood, New Mexico
Edgewood is a town in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States. It is part of the Albuquerque, New Mexico Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 3,375 at the 2010 Census.
Homesteaders moving into the American West created the initial settlements that grew into what is now the town of Edgewood. Taking advantage of the federal Homestead Act, pioneer families obtained land claims and began farming and ranching in the Edgewood area during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Edgewood was founded by a group of southern Santa Fe county residents and landowners. After the incorporation of the town in 1999, large areas of land were annexed. Efforts by the town government to avoid annexing properties whose owners did not wish to be brought within the town boundaries resulted in a checkerboard pattern of incorporated and unincorporated properties, one of the issues to be resolved in the town's Comprehensive Plan. One controversial annexation greatly enlarged the municipal boundaries and was the source of vigorous public debate. Despite two appeals and one lawsuit, the annexation was upheld.
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El Paso, Texas
El Paso /ɛlˈpæsoʊ/ is the county seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States, and lies in far West Texas. According to the 2010 census the city's population is 649,121. It is the sixth largest city in Texas and the 19th largest city in the United States. Its metropolitan area covers all of El Paso County, whose population in 2010 was 800,647.
El Paso stands on the Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte), across the border from Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. The two cities form a combined international metropolitan area, sometimes called El Paso–Juárez, with Juárez being the significantly larger of the two in population. They have a combined population of two million, two-thirds of which reside in Juárez. In 2010 El Paso was awarded an All-America City Award, the oldest community-recognition program in the United States.
El Paso is home to the University of Texas at El Paso (founded in 1914 as The Texas State School of Mines and Metallurgy, and later, Texas Western College; its current name dates from 1967) and the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso. Fort Bliss, one of the largest military complexes of the United States Army, lies to the east and northeast of the city, with training areas extending north into New Mexico, up to the White Sands Missile Range and neighboring Holloman Air Force Base in Alamogordo. El Paso is the first large city in the world to have a spaceport in the vicinity. Spaceport America, which lies 90 miles from El Paso, has seen the completion of several successful manned, suborbital flights. The Franklin Mountains extend into El Paso from the north and nearly divide the city into two sections; the western half forms the beginnings of the Mesilla Valley, and the eastern slopes connect in the central business district at the south end of the mountain range.
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Española, New Mexico
Española /ɛspənˈjoʊlə/, also known as Espanola (without the tilde), is a city primarily in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, in the United States. A portion of the central and eastern section of the city is in Santa Fe County. Española was founded in 1880 as a railroad village and incorporated as a city in 1925. The city is situated in an area Juan de Oñate declared a capital for Spain in 1598. Española has been called the first capital city in America. At the 2010 census the city had a total population of 10,495. Española is within the Santa Fe-Española Combined Statistical Area.
Española was founded in 1879-80, with the introduction of the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad. In 1880, the famous railroad which ran predominantly through the Rocky Mountain region, announced a route extension of its narrow gauge into northern New Mexico. The line would be built along the Rio Grande, later known as the Chili Line. The route would extend into what today is the downtown Española area, and the railroad began selling lots of property in the area. Many residents of the nearby town of Santa Fe were not happy with the decision, and failure of connection. The Española station included an engine facility station along with a roundhouse and turntable so they could service the locomotives. The facilities were built but torn down after six years; plans for the town had changed. The railroad would later reach Santa Fe to connect with the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway in 1887.
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Extremadura
Extremadura (English /ˌɛkstrɨməˈdʊrə/; Spanish: [e(k)stɾemaˈðuɾa]; Extremaduran: Estremaura [estɾemaˈuɾa]) is an autonomous community of western Spain whose capital city is Mérida. Its component provinces are Cáceres and Badajoz. It is bordered by Portugal to the west. To the north it borders Castile and León (provinces of Salamanca and Ávila); to the south, it borders Andalusia (provinces of Huelva, Seville, and Córdoba); and to the east, it borders Castile–La Mancha (provinces of Toledo and Ciudad Real)
It is an important area for wildlife, particularly with the major reserve at Monfragüe, which was designated a National Park in 2007, and the project of the International Tagus River Natural Park (Terreno Natural Río Tajo Internacional). The government of Extremadura is called Junta de Extremadura. Extremadura is known because many of the conquerors of the New World were born there. Francisco Pizarro and Hernán Cortes were second cousins and both were born in Extremadura. Pizarro conquered the Incan Empire and Cortes conquered Mexico. Many other conquistadors were born in Extremadura.
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Fort Worth, Texas
Fort Worth is the 16th-largest city in the United States of America and the fifth-largest city in the state of Texas. Located in North Central Texas, just southeast of the Texas Panhandle, the city is a cultural gateway into the American West and covers nearly 300 square miles (780 km2) in Tarrant, Denton, and Wise counties, serving as the seat for Tarrant County. According to the 2010 Census, Fort Worth had a population of 741,206. It has been estimated that by 2030 it will have 1,211,665 residents. The city is the second most populous in the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area.
The city was established in 1849 as an Army outpost on a bluff overlooking the Trinity River. Today Fort Worth still embraces its Western heritage and traditional architecture and design.USS Fort Worth (LCS-3) is the first ship of the United States Navy named after the city.
Major General William Jenkins Worth (1794–1849) was second in command to General Zachary Taylor at the opening of the Mexican–American War in 1846. After the war, Worth was placed in command of the Department of Texas in 1849. In January 1849 Worth proposed a line of ten forts to mark the western Texas frontier from Eagle Pass to the confluence of the West Fork and Clear Fork of the Trinity River. One month later Worth died from cholera. General William S. Harney assumed command of the Department of Texas and ordered Major Ripley A. Arnold to find a new fort site near the West Fork and Clear Fork. On June 6, 1849, Arnold established a camp on the bank of the Trinity River and named the post Camp Worth in honor of the late General Worth. In August 1849 Arnold moved the camp to the north-facing bluff which overlooked the mouth of the Clear Fork of the Trinity River.
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Fresno, California
Fresno ( /ˈfrɛznoʊ/ FREZ-noh) is a city in central California, United States, the county seat of Fresno County. As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 510,365, making it the fifth largest city in California, the largest inland city in California and the 34th largest in the nation. Fresno is located in the center of the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, approximately 200 miles (322 km) north of Los Angeles, and 170 miles (274 km) south of the state capital, Sacramento. Metropolitan Fresno has a population of 1,107,416.[citation needed] The name Fresno is the Spanish language word for the ash tree, and an ash leaf is featured on the city's flag.
The original inhabitants of the San Joaquin Valley region were the Yokut people, who engaged in trading with other California tribes of Native Americans including coastal peoples such as the Chumash of the Central California coast, with whom they are thought to have traded plant and animal products.
The County of Fresno was formed in 1856 after the California Gold Rush. It was named for the abundant mountain ash trees lining the San Joaquin River. Fresno is the Spanish word for white ash trees. The county was much larger than it is today as part of Tulare County, comprising its current area plus all of what became Madera County and parts of what are now San Benito, Kings, Inyo, and Mono counties.
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Galicia (Spain)
Galicia (Englishi/ɡəˈlɪsiə/, /ɡəˈlɪʃə/; Galician: [ɡaˈliθja]; Spanish: [ɡaˈliθja]) is an autonomous community in northwest Spain, with the official status of a nationality of Spain.
Its component provinces are A Coruña, Lugo, Ourense and Pontevedra. It is bordered by Portugal to the south, the Spanish autonomous communities of Castile and León and Asturias to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Bay of Biscay to the north. Besides its continental territory, Galicia includes Arousa Island, and the archipelagos of Cíes, Ons, Sálvora Island, Cortegada Island, Malveiras Islands, Sisargas Islands, and other minor isles and islets.
Galicia has roughly 2.79 million inhabitants as of 2011, with the largest concentration in two coastal areas, from Ferrol to A Coruña in the north-west, and from Vilagarcía to Vigo in the south-west. The capital is Santiago de Compostela, in the province of A Coruña. Vigo, in the province of Pontevedra, is the most populous municipality with 297,332 inhabitants and the second most populous city with 206,411 habitants; while A Coruña is the most populous city with 220,581 habitants and the second most populous municipality with 246,056 habitants in its municipality (INE 2009). Both cities are the cores of the two major metropolitan areas of Galicia.
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Gallup, New Mexico
Gallup (Navajo: Naʼnízhoozhí) is a city in McKinley County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 21,678 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of McKinley County. and the most populous city between Albuquerque, New Mexico and Flagstaff, Arizona.
Gallup was founded in 1881 as a railhead for the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad. The city was named after David Gallup, a paymaster for the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad.During World War II, the city fought successfully to prevent 800 Japanese American residents from being placed in wartime internment. Gallup is often known was the "Heart of Indian Country" because it is in the middle of many Native American reservations and home to many tribes.
Route 66 runs through Gallup, and the town's name is mentioned in the lyrics to the song, "Route 66". In 2003, the U.S. and New Mexico Departments of Transportation renumbered US Highway 666, the city's other major highway, as Route 491, since the number "666" is associated with Satan and Devil worship, and thus it was considered offensive to some people.
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Germany
Germany (i/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
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Gijón
Gijón (Spanish pronunciation: [xiˈxon]; Asturian: Xixón [ʃiˈʃon]), officially Gijón / Xixón, is a coastal industrial city and a municipality in the autonomous community of Asturias in Spain. Early mediaeval texts mention it as "Gigia".
The city is situated on the coast of central Asturias, from sea level to an altitude of 513 metres at Picu Samartín and 672 metres at Peña de los Cuatro Jueces, bordered on the West by Carreño, the East by Villaviciosa, and to the South by Siero and Llanera
The city is situated along the Asturian coast and is distinguished by the peninsula of Cimadevilla (the original settlement) which separates the beach of San Lorenzo and adjacent neighborhoods to the east from the beaches of Poniente and Arbeyal, the shipyards, and the recreational port and the Port of El Musel to the west. It is close to the other main Asturian cities, Oviedo and Avilés.
As a municipality, Gijón / Xixón is divided in 26 districts or parishes:
1. Serín 2. San Andrés de los Tacones 3. Fresno 4. Puao 5. Veriña 6. Jove / Xove 7. Gijón / Xixón 8. Somió 9. Cabueñes 10. Deva 11. Caldones 12. Valdornón 13. Fano 14. Llavandera 15. Samartín de Güerces 16. Leorio / Llorio 17. La Pedrera 18. Ruedes 19. L'Abadía Cenero 20. Porceyo 21. Tremañes 22. Roces 23. Granda 24. Castiello Bernueces 25. Vega 26. Santurio
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Gold Building
The Gold Building (also known as the New Mexico Bank & Trust Building) is a 14-story office building located on Gold Avenue in downtown Albuquerque, New Mexico. At 203 feet (62 m) it surpassed the Simms Building to become the tallest building in New Mexico when completed in 1961. It was itself surpassed by the Bank of the West Tower two years later and is now the sixth-tallest building in the city.
The Bank of New Mexico Building, as it was originally known, was built in 1959–1961 on the site of the old Wright's Trading Post building at Fourth and Gold. The building was dedicated on January 16, 1961, in a ceremony featuring Native American dancers and a speech by a sombrero-wearing Winthrop Rockefeller, who was one of the original owners.
The building is rectangular in plan and sits on a larger one-story base. The east and west walls of the Gold Building are windowless expanses of reddish brick, much like the neighboring Simms Building. The north facade is clad in dark glass that neatly reflects the image of the Bank of Albuquerque Tower a few blocks away. The south elevation, also glass, is punctuated by a protruding brick-faced elevator shaft. The architects were W.C. Kruger & Associates.
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Grants, New Mexico
Grants is a city in Cibola County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 9,182 at the 2010 Census. It is the county seat of Cibola County.
Grants began as a railroad camp in the 1880s, when three Canadian brothers--Angus A. Grant, John R. Grant, and Lewis A. Grant--were awarded a contract to build a section of the new Atlantic and Pacific Railroad through the region. The Grant brothers' camp was first called Grants Camp, then Grants Station, and finally Grants. The new city enveloped the existing colonial New Mexican settlement of Los Alamitos and grew along the tracks of the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad.
The town prospered as a result of railroad logging in the nearby Zuni Mountains, and served as a section point for the Atlantic and Pacific, which became part of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe railroad empire. The Zuni Mountain Railroad short line had a roundhouse in town (near present day Exit 81 off Interstate 40) and housed workers in a small community named Breecetown. Timber from the Zuni Mountains was shipped to Albuquerque where a large sawmill converted the timber to wood products that were sold around the west.
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Guadalajara, Jalisco
Guadalajara (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡwaðalaˈxaɾa]) is the capital of the Mexican state of Jalisco, and the seat of the municipality of Guadalajara. The city is located in the central region of Jalisco in the western-pacific area of Mexico. With a population of 1,564,514 it is Mexico's second most populous municipality. The Guadalajara Metropolitan Area includes seven adjacent municipalities with a reported population of 4,328,584 in 2009, making it the second most populous metropolitan area in Mexico, behind Mexico City. The municipality is the second most densely populated area in Mexico; the first being Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl in State of Mexico.
The city's economy is based on industry, especially information technology with a large number of international firms having manufacturing facilities in the Guadalajara Metro Area. Other, more traditional industries, such as shoes, textiles and food processing are also important contributing factors. Guadalajara is the cultural center of Mexico, considered by most to be the home of Mariachi music and host to a number of large-scale cultural events such as the International Film Festival of Guadalajara and the Guadalajara International Book Fair and a number of globally renowned cultural events which draw international crowds. It is also home to the Chivas football/soccer team, one of the two most popular in Mexico. This city was named American Capital of Culture in 2005. Guadalajara hosted the 2011 Pan American Games and is currently bidding to host the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics.
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Hobbs, New Mexico
Hobbs is a city in Lea County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 28,657 at the 2000 census.
Hobbs is the principal city of the Hobbs, New Mexico Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Lea County.
Hobbs is located at 32°42′44″N 103°8′26″W / 32.71222°N 103.14056°W / 32.71222; -103.14056 (32.712240, −103.140681).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 18.9 square miles (49 km2), all of it land.
As of 2011 there were 43,405 people, 10,040 households, and 7,369 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,514.0 people per square mile (584.5/km²). There were 11,968 housing units at an average density of 632.3 per square mile (244.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 63.52% White, 6.79% African American, 1.07% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 24.42% from other races, and 3.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 42.18% of the population.
There were 10,040 households out of which 39.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 14.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.6% were non-families. 23.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.22.
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Houston
Houston ( /ˈhjuːstən/) (Alibamu: Yosti ) is the largest city in the state of Texas, and the fourth-largest city in the United States. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the city had a population of 2.1 million people within an area of 656.3 square miles (1,700 km2). Houston is the seat of Harris County and the economic center of Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown, which is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the United States, with 6.08 million people as of July 1st, 2011.
Houston was founded in 1836 on land near the banks of Buffalo Bayou. It was incorporated as a city on June 5, 1837, and named after then-President of the Republic of Texas—former General Sam Houston—who had commanded at the Battle of San Jacinto, which took place 25 miles (40 km) east of where the city was established. The burgeoning port and railroad industry, combined with oil discovery in 1901, has induced continual surges in the city's population. In the mid-twentieth century, Houston became the home of the Texas Medical Center—the world's largest concentration of healthcare and research institutions—and NASA's Johnson Space Center, where the Mission Control Center is located.
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Indianapolis
Indianapolis /ˌɪndiəˈnæpɵlɨs/ (abbreviated Indy /ˈɪndi/) is the capital of the US state of Indiana, and the county seat of Marion County, Indiana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population is 829,718. It is Indiana's largest city and, as of the 2010 U.S. Census, is the 12th largest city in the U.S., the second largest city in the Midwest (behind Chicago), the second most populous state capital (after Phoenix, Arizona), and the most populous state capital east of the Mississippi River. Indianapolis is also one of the fastest growing regions in the United States.
For much of its history, Indianapolis has oriented itself around government and industry, particularly manufacturing. Today, Indianapolis has a much more diversified economy, contributing to the fields of education, health care, and finance. Tourism is also a vital part of the economy of Indianapolis, and the city plays host to numerous conventions and sporting events. Of these, perhaps the most well known is the annual Indianapolis 500 and the NHRA U.S. Nationals. Other major sporting events include the Brickyard 400 and the Men's and Women's NCAA Basketball Tournaments. 2012 marked the first time Indianapolis hosted the Super Bowl. Super Bowl XLVI was played at Lucas Oil Stadium, on February 5, 2012 in Downtown Indianapolis. Also held in Lucas Oil Stadium is the Drum Corps International World Championships, and the Music for All Bands of America Grand National Championships.
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Intel
Coordinates: 37°23′16.54″N 121°57′48.74″W / 37.3879278°N 121.9635389°W / 37.3879278; -121.9635389
Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC) is an American multinational semiconductor chip maker corporation headquartered in Santa Clara, California, United States and the world's largest and highest valued semiconductor chip maker, based on revenue. It is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in most personal computers. Intel Corporation, founded on July 18, 1968, is a portmanteau of Integrated Electronics (though a common misconception is that "Intel" is from the word intelligence[citation needed]). Intel also makes motherboard chipsets, network interface controllers and integrated circuits, flash memory, graphic chips, embedded processors and other devices related to communications and computing. Founded by semiconductor pioneers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore and widely associated with the executive leadership and vision of Andrew Grove, Intel combines advanced chip design capability with a leading-edge manufacturing capability. Though Intel was originally known primarily to engineers and technologists, its "Intel Inside" advertising campaign of the 1990s made it and its Pentium processor household names.
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Intel Corporation
Coordinates: 37°23′16.54″N 121°57′48.74″W / 37.3879278°N 121.9635389°W / 37.3879278; -121.9635389
Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC) is an American multinational semiconductor chip maker corporation headquartered in Santa Clara, California, United States and the world's largest and highest valued semiconductor chip maker, based on revenue. It is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in most personal computers. Intel Corporation, founded on July 18, 1968, is a portmanteau of Integrated Electronics (though a common misconception is that "Intel" is from the word intelligence[citation needed]). Intel also makes motherboard chipsets, network interface controllers and integrated circuits, flash memory, graphic chips, embedded processors and other devices related to communications and computing. Founded by semiconductor pioneers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore and widely associated with the executive leadership and vision of Andrew Grove, Intel combines advanced chip design capability with a leading-edge manufacturing capability. Though Intel was originally known primarily to engineers and technologists, its "Intel Inside" advertising campaign of the 1990s made it and its Pentium processor household names.
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Israel
Coordinates: 31°N 35°E / 31°N 35°E / 31; 35
Israel, officially the State of Israel ( /ˈɪzriːəl/ or /ˈɪzreɪəl/; Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Medīnat Yisrā'el, IPA: [me̞diˈnät jisʁäˈʔe̞l] ( listen); Arabic: دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل, Dawlat Isrāʼīl, IPA: [dawlat ʔisraːˈʔiːl]), is a parliamentary republic in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan and the West Bank in the east, Egypt and the Gaza Strip on the southwest, and the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea to the south, and it contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel is defined as a Jewish and Democratic State in its Basic Laws and is the world's only Jewish-majority state.
Following the adoption of a resolution by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 29 November 1947 recommending the adoption and implementation of the United Nations plan to partition Palestine, on 14 May 1948 David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization and president of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz Israel, to be known as the State of Israel, a state independent from the British Mandate for Palestine. Neighboring Arab states invaded the next day in support of the Palestinian Arabs. Israel has since fought several wars with neighboring Arab states, in the course of which it has occupied the West Bank, Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights. Portions of these territories, including east Jerusalem, have been annexed by Israel, but the border with the neighboring West Bank has not yet been permanently defined.[neutrality is disputed] Israel has signed peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan, but efforts to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict have so far not resulted in peace.
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Jalisco
Jalisco (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈlisko]), officially Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in Western Mexico and divided in 125 municipalities and its capital city is Guadalajara. It is one of the more important states in Mexico because of its natural resources as well as its history. Many of the characteristic traits of Mexican culture, particularly outside Mexico, are originally from Jalisco, such as mariachi, ranchera music, tequila, jaripeo, etc. Economically, it is ranked third in the country, with industries centered in the Guadalajara metropolitan area, the second largest metropolitan area in Mexico. The state is home to two significant indigenous populations, the Huichols and the Nahuas. There is also a significant foreign population, mostly retirees from the United States and Canada, living in the Lake Chapala and Puerto Vallarta areas.
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Japan
Japani/dʒəˈpæn/ (Japanese: 日本 Nihon or Nippon; formally 日本国 
Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally the State of Japan) is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
Japan is an archipelago of 6,852 islands. The four largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area. Japan has the world's tenth-largest population, with over 127 million people. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents.
Archaeological research indicates that people lived in Japan as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other nations followed by long periods of isolation has characterized Japan's history. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victory in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament called the Diet.
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Jerry Ortiz y Pino
Gerald P. "Jerry" Ortiz y Pino is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 12th District since 2005. He succeeded Richard Romero, a fellow Democrat who ran for Congress (NM-1) in 2002 & 2004 and for mayor of Albuquerque in 2009. Was unopposed for reelection in 2008. Writes a recurring column in the Alibi; a weekly alternative publication in the Albuquerque area.
He has proposed an amendment to the New Mexico Constitution allowing the governor to fill vacancies in the Lieutenant Governor's office with appointments approved by the State Senate. The proposal appeared on the 2008 general election ballot.
In late summer 2009, he announced his bid for Lt. Governor. His campaign website is: http://www.jerryfornewmexico.com/
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La Bajada
Caja del Rio (Spanish: "box of the river") is a dissected plateau, of volcanic origin, which covers approximately 84,000 acres of land in northern Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States. The region is also known as the Caja, Caja del Rio Plateau, and Cerros del Rio. The center of the area is approximately 15 miles (23 km) west of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Most of the Caja is owned by the United States Forest Service and managed by the Santa Fe National Forest, Access is through New Mexico Highway 599, Santa Fe County Road 62, and Forest Service Road 24.
The landscape of the Caja del Rio Plateau is generally flat to rolling terrain, with numerous steep cones rising up to 800 feet above the plains. The highest points in the immediate area are Cerro Micho (7,326 feet), Montoso Peak (7,315 feet), Ortiz Mountain (7,219 feet), and Cerro Rito (7,296 feet) The entire plateau is within the watershed of the Rio Grande, although portions of the Caja drain into the larger river through two tributaries: the Santa Fe River and Cañada Ancha.
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Lanzhou
Lanzhou (simplified Chinese: 兰州; traditional Chinese: 蘭州; pinyin: Lánzhōu; Postal map spelling: Lanchow) is the capital and largest city of Gansu Province in Northwest China. A prefecture-level city, it is a key regional transportation hub, allowing areas further west to maintain railroad connections to the eastern half of the country. Lanzhou is home to 3,616,163 inhabitants at the 2010 census and 2,177,130 in the built-up area (urban) on 1,088 km².
Originally in the territory of the Western Qiang peoples, Lanzhou became part of the territory of Qin (state) in the 6th century BC.
In 81 BC, under the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD), it was taken from the Huns' Huandi Chanyu and made the seat of Jincheng commandery (jùn), and later of the Jincheng county (xiàn), later renamed Yunwu. The city used to be called the Golden City, and since at least the first millennium BC it was a major link on the ancient Northern Silk Road, and also an important historic Yellow River crossing site. To protect the city, the Great Wall of China was extended as far as Yumen.
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Las Vegas, Nevada
Las Vegas (/lɑːs ˈveɪɡəs/) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Nevada and the county seat of Clark County. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city for gambling, shopping, and fine dining. The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its consolidated casino–hotels and associated entertainment. A growing retirement and family city, Las Vegas is the 28th-most populous city in the United States, with a population at the 2010 census of 583,756. The 2010 population of the Las Vegas metropolitan area was 1,951,269.
Established in 1905, Las Vegas was incorporated as a city in 1911. At the close of the 20th century, Las Vegas was the most populous American city founded in that century (a distinction held by Chicago in the 19th century). The city's tolerance for various forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and this image has made Las Vegas a popular setting for films and television programs. There are numerous outdoor lighting displays on Fremont Street, as well as elsewhere in the city.
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Linda M. Lopez
Linda M. Lopez is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 11th District since 1997.
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Los Angeles
Los Angeles (i/lɒs ˈændʒələs/ loss-AN-jə-ləs; Spanish: [los ˈaŋxeles], which is written Los Ángeles; British pronounciation /lɒs ˈændʒəliːz/ loss-AN-jə-leez) with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in the state of California, and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of 468.67 square miles (1,213.8 km2), and is located in Southern California. Often known by its initials L.A., the city is the focal point of the larger Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan statistical area and Greater Los Angeles Area region, which contain 12,828,837 and nearly 18 million people respectively as of 2010, making it one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world and the second largest in the United States. Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the United States, while the entire Los Angeles area itself has been recognized as the most diverse of the nation's largest cities. The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos".
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Louisville, Kentucky
Louisville (i/ˈluːiːvɪl/, local i/ˈluːəvəl/ or i/ˈlʌvəl/) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Kentucky, and the county seat of Jefferson County. Since 2003, the city's borders have been coterminous with those of the county because of a city-county merger. The city's total consolidated population at the 2010 census was 741,096 (Louisville's balance total, 597,337, excludes semi-autonomous towns and is the population listed in most sources and national rankings). An important internal shipping port in the 19th century, Louisville today is best known as the location of the Kentucky Derby, the first of three annual thoroughbred horse races making up the Triple Crown.
Louisville is southeasterly situated along the border between Kentucky and Indiana, the Ohio River, in north-central Kentucky at the Falls of the Ohio. The Louisville metropolitan area is often referred to as Kentuckiana because it includes counties in Southern Indiana. A resident of Louisville is referred to as a Louisvillian. Although situated in a Southern state, Louisville is influenced by both Southern and Midwestern culture. It is sometimes referred to as either one of the most northernmost Southern cities or as on of the southernmost Northern cities in the United States along with St. Louis, Missouri and Washington, D.C.
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Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis is a city in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Tennessee, and the county seat of Shelby County. The city is located on the 4th Chickasaw Bluff, south of the confluence of the Wolf and Mississippi rivers.
Memphis had a population of 662,897 at the 2010 census, making it the largest city in the state of Tennessee, the third largest in the Southeastern United States, and the 20th largest in the United States. The greater Memphis metropolitan area, including adjacent counties in Mississippi and Arkansas, had a 2010 population of 1,316,100. This makes Memphis the second largest metropolitan area in Tennessee, surpassed only by metropolitan Nashville, which has overtaken Memphis in recent years. Memphis is the youngest of Tennessee's major cities. A resident of Memphis is referred to as a Memphian, and the Memphis region is known, particularly to media outlets, as the "Mid-South".
Because it occupies a substantial bluff rising from the Mississippi River, the site of Memphis is a natural location for settlement. The area was first settled by the Mississippian Culture and then by the Chickasaw Indian tribe. For 10,000 years they occupied the bluffs along the river, building a large mound on the bluff. European exploration came later, beginning in the 16th century with Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto and French explorers led by René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle.
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Mesa, Arizona
Mesa ( /ˈmɛsə/ MES-ə) is a city in Maricopa County, in the U.S. state of Arizona and is a suburb located about 20 miles (32 km) east of Phoenix. Mesa is in the East Valley section of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area. It is bordered by Tempe on the west, the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community on the north, Chandler and Gilbert on the south, and Apache Junction on the east. As of the 2010 Census Mesa became Arizona's center of population.
Mesa is the third-largest city in Arizona, after Phoenix and Tucson, the 38th-largest city and largest suburb in the US[clarification needed]. Despite being home to 439,041 as of 2010, reported by the Census Bureau, making its population larger than more recognizable cities such as Atlanta, Miami, Minneapolis, St. Louis, and Cleveland, Note that the city of Mesa 132.93 sq mi whereas the cities of Miami (35.68 sq mi), Minneapolis (54.9 sq mi), St. Louis (61.9 sq mi), and Cleveland (77.6 sq mi) are much smaller in terms of land area. If these cities were 133 sq. miles, their populations would be much larger. Minneapolis, for example, would have a population of over 761,000 in 132.9 sq. miles. Mesa is decidedly a bedroom community. Mesa is home to the Polytechnic campus of Arizona State University.
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Mexico
Mexico (i/ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/; Spanish: México, IPA: [ˈmexiko] ( listen)), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos (help·info)), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the thirteenth largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 113 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mexico many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in México-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony's independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the United States, a civil war, two empires and a domestic dictatorship. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party.
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Miami
Miami ( /maɪˈæmi/ or /maɪˈæmə/) is a city located on the Atlantic coast in southeastern Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County, the most populous county in Florida and the eighth-most populous county in the United States with a population of 2,500,625. The 42nd largest city proper in the United States, with a population of 408,568, it is the principal, central, and most populous city of the South Florida metropolitan area, and the most populous metropolis in the Southeastern United States. According to the US Census Bureau, Miami's metro area is the seventh most populous and fifth-largest urban area in the United States, with a population of around 5.5 million.
Miami is a major center and a leader in finance, commerce, culture, media, entertainment, the arts, and international trade. In 2010, Miami was classified as a Alpha- World City in the World Cities Study Group’s inventory. In 2010, Miami ranked seventh in the United States in terms of finance, commerce, culture, entertainment, fashion, education, and other sectors. It ranked thirty-third among global cities. In 2008, Forbes magazine ranked Miami "America's Cleanest City", for its year-round good air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinking water, clean streets and city-wide recycling programs. According to a 2009 UBS study of 73 world cities, Miami was ranked as the richest city in the United States, and the world's fifth-richest city in terms of purchasing power. Miami is nicknamed the "Capital of Latin America", is the 2nd largest U.S. city (after El Paso) with a Spanish-speaking majority, and the largest city with a Cuban-American plurality.
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Milwaukee
Milwaukee /mɪlˈwɔːkiː/ is the largest city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, the 28th most populous city in the United States, and 39th most populous region in the United States. It is the county seat of Milwaukee County and is located on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan. According to 2010 census data, the City of Milwaukee has a population of 594,833. Milwaukee is the main cultural and economic center of the Milwaukee–Racine–Waukesha Metropolitan Area with a population of 1,751,316 as of 2010. Milwaukee is also the regional center of the seven county Greater Milwaukee Area, with an estimated population of 2,014,032 as of 2008.
The first Europeans to pass through the area were French missionaries and fur traders. In 1818, the French-Canadian explorer Solomon Juneau settled in the area, and in 1846 Juneau's town combined with two neighboring towns to incorporate as the City of Milwaukee. Large numbers of German and other immigrants helped increase the city's population during the 1840s and the following decades.
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Minneapolis
Minneapolis (pronunciation:i/ˌmɪniːˈæpəlɪs/), nicknamed "City of Lakes" and the "Mill City", is the county seat of Hennepin County, the largest city in the state of Minnesota, and the 48th largest in the United States. Its name is attributed to the city's first schoolteacher, who combined mni, the Dakota word for water, and polis, the Greek word for city.
As of the 2010 Census, the population of the city of Minneapolis is 382,578. Minneapolis lies on both banks of the Mississippi River, just north of the river's confluence with the Minnesota River, and adjoins Saint Paul, the state's capital. Known as the Twin Cities, Minneapolis-Saint Paul is the 16th-largest metropolitan area in the U.S., with approximately 3.3 million residents. The city is abundantly rich in water, with over twenty lakes and wetlands, the Mississippi river, creeks and waterfalls, many connected by parkways in the Chain of Lakes and the Grand Rounds National Scenic Byway. Among cities of similar densities, Minneapolis has the most dedicated parkland. It was once the world's flour milling capital and a hub for timber, and today is the primary business center between Chicago and Seattle, with Minneapolis proper containing the fifth highest concentration of Fortune 500 companies. It has cultural organizations that draw creative people and audiences to the city for theater, visual art, writing, and music. The community's diverse population has a long tradition of charitable support through progressive public social programs and VOLAGs, as well as private and corporate philanthropy.
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Moriarty, New Mexico
Moriarty is a city in Torrance County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 1,910 at the 2010 Census. It is part of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Moriarty is located at 35°00′00″N 106°2′48″W / 35°N 106.04667°W / 35; -106.04667 (34.999815, -106.046667).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.8 square miles (12 km2), all of it land.
Every October, Moriarty plays host to the Pinto Bean Fiesta, which is composed of a bunch of simple games in Crossly Park, as well as a parade and crowning of a "Pinto Bean Queen."
Moriarty also serves as a fireworks Mecca for the Albuquerque metropolitan area with two year around stores as well as at least two other large tents which set up for the sixteen day selling period allowed by New Mexico State Law from June 20 to July 6. Vendors sell both Black Cat and TNT brand fireworks, with the Southern Lights Fireworks tent just west of Fireworks World considered the cheapest of the vendors with buy one get one specials on all fireworks. All vendors are located along old Route 66 and competition is always fierce. Almost all Class C fireworks are allowed for sale and use in Moriarty including firecrackers, mortars, roman candles, and cakes up to 500 grams (the maximum allowance), and though pop rockets have been banned throughout New Mexico for the last three years, larger stick rockets are still allowed.
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Nashville, Tennessee
Nashville is the capital of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in the north-central part of the state. The city is a center for the health care, publishing, banking and transportation industries, and is home to a large number of colleges and universities. It is most notably known as a center of the music industry, earning it the nickname "Music City".
Nashville has a consolidated city–county government which includes seven smaller municipalities in a two-tier system. As of the 2010 census the population of the city of Nashville, not including the semi-independent municipalities, stood at 601,222. The population of Davidson County as a whole, including all municipalities, was 626,681. Nashville is the second largest city in Tennessee, after Memphis, and the fourth largest city in the Southeastern United States. The 2010 population of the entire 13-county Nashville metropolitan area was 1,589,934, making it the largest Metropolitan Statistical Area in the state. The 2010 population of the Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Columbia combined statistical area, a larger trade area, was 1,670,890.
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New Mexico
New Mexico (i/nuː ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/) is a state located in the southwest and western regions of the United States. New Mexico is also usually considered one of the Mountain States. New Mexico is the 5th most extensive, the 36th most populous, and the 6th least densely populated of the 50 United States.
Inhabited by Native American populations for many centuries, New Mexico has also been part of the Imperial Spanish viceroyalty of New Spain, part of Mexico, and a U.S. territory. Among U.S. states, New Mexico has the highest percentage of Hispanics, including descendants of Spanish colonists and recent immigrants from Latin America. It also has the second-highest percentage of Native Americans, after Alaska, and the fourth-highest total number of Native Americans after California, Oklahoma, and Arizona. The tribes in the state consist of mostly Navajo and Pueblo peoples. As a result, the demographics and culture of the state are unique for their strong Hispanic and Native American influences. The flag of New Mexico is represented by the red and gold colors, which represent Spain, as well as the Zia symbol, an ancient Native American symbol for the sun.
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NM 423
New Mexico State Road 423 is a 17.0 mi (27.4 km) long state highway entirely within Bernalillo County, New Mexico. For its entire length, NM-423 is signed as Paseo del Norte in Albuquerque.
The highway's western terminus is at an intersection with Golf Course Road. The highway then proceeds east intersecting with Interstate 25. The highway's eastern terminus is at an intersection with New Mexico State Road 556.
From Coors Boulevard to Jefferson Boulevard, NM-423 is a freeway with a 60 miles per hour (97 km/h) speed limit. From Jefferson Boulevard to its eastern terminus at NM-556, NM-423 is a 6-lane divided highway with at-grade intersections with speed limits of 45-55 MPH. Proposals to reconstruct its interchange with I-25 would also extend the freeway portion of NM-423 east from Jefferson Boulevard to Louisiana Boulevard.
The New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT) plans a $250 million reconstruction of the I-25/NM-423 interchange, which would replace the existing diamond interchange with a complete interchange.[citation needed] Planning documents indicate that at-grade intersections with Jefferson Boulevard, San Pedro Boulevard, and Louisiana Boulevard will be converted to grade-separated interchanges, thereby extending the NM-423 freeway portion approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) east of where it presently transitions from freeway to limited access surface arterial. Westward extensions towards Paseo Del Volcan near Double Eagle II Airport will include limited access designs short of freeway standards, like the current easternmost section .
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Oakland, California
Oakland ( /ˈoʊklənd/) is a major West Coast port city on San Francisco Bay in the U.S. state of California. It is the eighth-largest city in the state and the 47th-largest in the U.S. with a population of 390,724 according to the 2010 census. Incorporated in 1852, Oakland is the county seat of Alameda County and is a central hub city for a region of the San Francisco Bay Area known as the East Bay. The city lies directly across the bay from San Francisco.
Oakland's territory covers what was once a mosaic of coastal terrace prairie, oak woodland, and north coastal scrub. Oakland served as a rich resource when its hillside oak and redwood timber were logged to build San Francisco, and Oakland's fertile flatland soils helped it become a prolific agricultural region. During the California Gold Rush, Oakland became the main staging post for passengers and cargo journeying between the Bay Area and the Sierra foothills. In the late 1860s, Oakland was selected as the western terminal of the Transcontinental Railroad. It continued to grow into the 20th century with its busy port, shipyards, and a thriving automobile industry. Following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, many San Franciscans left that city's destruction, and a great number of Oakland's homes were built during the 1910s and 1920s. An extensive streetcar network connected most of Oakland's neighbourhoods to inter-city rail lines, most of whose routes continue as bus lines today. Ferry lines connected Oakland to San Francisco and other cities.
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Oklahoma City
Oklahoma City (Pawnee: Uukuhuuwasiri ) is the capital and the largest city in the US state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, the city ranks 31st among United States cities in population. The city's population, from the 2010 census, was 579,999, with a metro-area population of 1,252,987 . In 2010, the Oklahoma City-Shawnee Combined Statistical Area had a population of 1,322,249 residents. Oklahoma City's city limits extend into Canadian, Cleveland, and Pottawatomie counties, though much of those areas outside of the core Oklahoma County area are suburban or rural (watershed). The city ranks as the eighth-largest city in the United States by land area (including consolidated city-counties; it is the largest city in the United States by land area whose government is not consolidated with that of a county).
Oklahoma City features one of the largest livestock markets in the world. Oil, natural gas, petroleum products and related industries are the largest sector of the local economy. The city is situated in the middle of an active oil field and oil derricks dot the capitol grounds. The federal government employs large numbers of workers at Tinker Air Force Base and the United States Department of Transportation's Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center. (These two sites house several offices of the Federal Aviation Administration and the Transportation Department's Enterprise Service Center, respectively.)
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Old Town Albuquerque
Old Town is a historic district in Albuquerque, New Mexico, dating back to the founding of the city by the Spanish in 1706. Today it is a popular shopping and tourist destination. Old Town comprises about ten blocks of historic adobe buildings grouped around a central plaza (a common feature of Spanish colonial towns). Many of the buildings in Old Town are houses that have been converted into restaurants and small art and souvenir shops. On the north side of the Plaza is San Felipe de Neri Church, which was built in 1793. The Albuquerque Museum, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, and ¡Explora! Science Center and Children's Museum are located just to the east of Old Town. Old Town did not become a part of the City of Albuquerque ("New Town") until the 1940s.
Guided walking tours of Old Town are available. Around Christmas, thousands of luminarias line the streets and walkways.
http://www.cabq.gov/crs/newfun.html
Coordinates: 35°05′46″N 106°40′11.5″W / 35.09611°N 106.669861°W / 35.09611; -106.669861
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Omaha, Nebraska
Omaha /ˈoʊməhɑː/ is the largest city in the state of Nebraska, United States, and is the county seat of Douglas County. It is located in the Midwestern United States on the Missouri River, about 20 miles (30 km) north of the mouth of the Platte River. Omaha is the anchor of the Omaha-Council Bluffs metropolitan area, which includes Council Bluffs, Iowa, across the Missouri River from Omaha.
According to the 2010 Census, Omaha's population was 408,958, making it the nation's 42nd-largest city. Including its suburbs, Omaha formed the 60th-largest metropolitan area in the United States in 2010, with an estimated population of 877,110 residing in eight counties. There are more than 1.2 million residents within a 50-mile (80-km) radius of the city's center, forming the Greater Omaha area.
Omaha's pioneer period began in 1854 when the city was founded by speculators from neighboring Council Bluffs, Iowa. The city was founded along the Missouri River, and a crossing called Lone Tree Ferry earned the city its nickname, the "Gateway to the West." It introduced this new West to the world when in 1898 it played host to the World's Fair, dubbed the Trans-Mississippi Exposition. During the 19th century, Omaha's central location in the United States spurred the city to become an important national transportation hub. Throughout the rest of the 19th century, the transportation and jobbing sectors were important in the city, along with its railroads and breweries. In the 20th century, the Omaha Stockyards, once the world's largest, and its meatpacking plants, gained international prominence.
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Pan American Highway
The Pan-American Highway (Portuguese: Rodovia / Auto-estrada Pan-americana, Spanish: Carretera / Ruta Panamericana or Spanish: Autopista Panamericana) is a network of roads measuring about 47,958 kilometres (29,800 mi) in total length.[citation needed] Except for an 87 kilometres (54 mi) rainforest break, called the Darién Gap, the road links the mainland nations of the Americas in a connected highway system. According to Guinness World Records, the Pan-American Highway is the world's longest "motorable road". However, because of the Darién Gap, it is not possible to cross between South America and Central America by traditional motor vehicle.
The Pan-American Highway system is mostly complete and extends from Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, in North America to the lower reaches of South America. Several highway termini are claimed to exist, including the cities of Puerto Montt and Quellón in Chile and Ushuaia in Argentina. No comprehensive route is officially defined in Canada and the United States, though several highways in the U.S. are called "Pan-American".
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Paseo del Norte
New Mexico State Road 423 is a 17.0 mi (27.4 km) long state highway entirely within Bernalillo County, New Mexico. For its entire length, NM-423 is signed as Paseo del Norte in Albuquerque.
The highway's western terminus is at an intersection with Golf Course Road. The highway then proceeds east intersecting with Interstate 25. The highway's eastern terminus is at an intersection with New Mexico State Road 556.
From Coors Boulevard to Jefferson Boulevard, NM-423 is a freeway with a 60 miles per hour (97 km/h) speed limit. From Jefferson Boulevard to its eastern terminus at NM-556, NM-423 is a 6-lane divided highway with at-grade intersections with speed limits of 45-55 MPH. Proposals to reconstruct its interchange with I-25 would also extend the freeway portion of NM-423 east from Jefferson Boulevard to Louisiana Boulevard.
The New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT) plans a $250 million reconstruction of the I-25/NM-423 interchange, which would replace the existing diamond interchange with a complete interchange.[citation needed] Planning documents indicate that at-grade intersections with Jefferson Boulevard, San Pedro Boulevard, and Louisiana Boulevard will be converted to grade-separated interchanges, thereby extending the NM-423 freeway portion approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) east of where it presently transitions from freeway to limited access surface arterial. Westward extensions towards Paseo Del Volcan near Double Eagle II Airport will include limited access designs short of freeway standards, like the current easternmost section .
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Philadelphia
Philadelphia ( /ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə/) is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States, with a population of 1,526,006 as of the 2010 U.S. Census. Philadelphia is also the commercial, cultural, and educational center of the Delaware Valley, home to 6 million people and the country's fifth-largest metropolitan area. The Philadelphia metropolitan division consists of five counties in Pennsylvania and has a population of 4,008,994. Popular nicknames for Philadelphia are Philly and The City of Brotherly Love, the latter of which comes from the literal meaning of the city's name in Greek (Greek: Φιλαδέλφεια ([pʰilaˈdelpʰeːa], Modern Greek: [filaˈðelfia]) "brotherly love", compounded from philos (φίλος) "loving", and adelphos (ἀδελφός) "brother").
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Phoenix, Arizona
Phoenix ( /ˈfiːnɪks/ FEE-niks; O'odham: Ski:kigk; Yavapai: Wathinka or Wakatehe; Western Apache: Fiinigis; Navajo: Hoozdoh; Mojave: Hachpa 'Anya Nyava) is the capital, and largest city, of the U.S. state of Arizona, as well as the sixth most populous city in the United States. Phoenix is home to 1,445,632 people according to the official 2010 U.S. Census Bureau data. It is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area (also known as the Valley of the Sun), and is the 12th largest metro area by population in the United States with about 4.2 million people in 2010. In addition, Phoenix is the county seat of Maricopa County, and is one of the largest cities in the United States by land area. Phoenix is the largest capital city in the United States and the only state capital with over 1,000,000 people.
Phoenix was incorporated as a city in 1881, after being founded in 1861 near the Salt River, close to the confluence with the Gila River. The city has a notable and famous political culture and has been home to numerous influential American politicians and other dignitaries, including Barry Goldwater, William Rehnquist, John McCain, Carl Hayden, and Sandra Day O'Connor. Residents of the city are known as Phoenicians.
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PNM Building
The PNM Building is a 12-story office tower located at 414 Silver Avenue SW in downtown Albuquerque, New Mexico. It is 56 m (184 ft) tall, making it the eighth tallest building in the city. Built in 1974, it replaced the old Public Service Company building at 420 Central SW as PNM Resources's headquarters.
The building is part of the Alvarado Square complex, which consists of the 12-story PNM tower and a shorter structure across the street on the north side of Silver Avenue. Part of the shorter structure is suspended above Silver Avenue to connect to the tower.
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Portales, New Mexico
Portales is a city in and the county seat of Roosevelt County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 11,131 at the 2000 census. Portales is located near the larger city of Clovis as well as Cannon Air Force Base, a major contributor to the economy of the region.
Eastern New Mexico University opened in Portales in 1934 and has grown to become the third largest university in the state. Portales is one of the largest producers of Valencia peanuts in the United States and is the nation's top producer of Certified Organic peanut butter. Portales is home to over about 40 dairies and a major US dairy solids plant, together producing and exporting hundreds of millions of dollars of local milk products each year. Portales is the principal city of the Portales Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Clovis-Portales Combined Statistical Area, including Clovis, 19 miles (31 km) away and Cannon Air Force Base, 13 miles (21 km) away.
The city's downtown area is centered around a traditional-style town square, based upon Spanish urban design. The center of the town square includes the 1930s WPA-style Roosevelt County Courthouse, including original architectural details from the era, as well as the adjacent 1930s Post Office. The Courthouse Square is ringed with retail shops. The Yam Theater, a historic theater located in the downtown area, that is currently under renovation. Eastern New Mexico University (ENMU) forms a sizable district with its campus and surrounding residential stock catering largely to students. Arts and cultural offerings emanate from Eastern New Mexico University, the third largest state university in New Mexico. Portales ranks in the top 20% of US cities for racial diversity, percentage of college educated adults, and percentage of people who walk or bike to work. Portales rates in the top 10% of US cities for a short commute, rent affordability, and low taxes.
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Portland, Oregon
Portland is a city located in the U.S. state of Oregon, near the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 583,776, making it the 29th most populous city in the United States. Portland is Oregon's most populous city, and the third most populous city in the Pacific Northwest region, after Seattle, Washington and Vancouver, British Columbia. Approximately 2,260,000 people live in the Portland metropolitan area (MSA), the 23rd most populous in the United States.
Portland was incorporated in 1851 and is the county seat of Multnomah County. The city extends west into the Cedar Mill neighborhood in Washington County and south towards Lake Oswego in Clackamas County. With a commission-based government headed by a mayor and four other commissioners, the city and region are noted for strong land-use planning and investment in light rail, supported by Metro, a distinctive regional government. Because of its public transportation networks and efficient land use planning, Portland has been referred to as one of the most environmentally friendly, or "green", cities in the world.
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Raton, New Mexico
Raton is a city in Colfax County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 7,282 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Colfax County. The city is located just south of Raton Pass.
Ratón is the Spanish word for a mouse (literally "large rat"). The Raton Range and Raton Peak are located immediately north of the town. The Raton Range is a 75-mile long ridge that extends east from the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. Raton Pass and the Raton Basin are also named for the Raton Range.
The post office at this location was named Willow Springs from 1877 to 1879, then Otero from 1879 to 1880, and has been named Raton since 1880.
Raton Pass had been used by Spanish explorers and Indians for centuries to cut through the rugged Rocky Mountains, but the trail was too rough for wagons on the Santa Fe Trail.
Raton was founded at the site of Willow Springs, a stop on the Santa Fe Trail. The original 320 acres (1.3 km2) for the Raton townsite were purchased from the Maxwell Land Grant in 1880. In 1879, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway bought a local toll road and established a busy rail line. Raton quickly developed as a railroad, mining and ranching center for the northeast part of the New Mexico territory, as well as the county seat and principal trading center of the area.
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Rehovot
Rehovot (Hebrew: רְחוֹבוֹת) is a city in the Center District of Israel, about 20 km (12 mi) south of Tel Aviv. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), at the end of 2009 the city had a total population of 112,700. Rehovot's official website estimates the population at 114,000.
Rehovot was built on the site of Doron, a Jewish community that existed in the time of the Mishna. The site was also the location of Khirbet Duran, populated during the Roman, Byzantine and early Arab periods. The city is named after a biblical town of the same name (Rehoboth in the KJV Bible), which stood at a different location, in the Negev Desert.[citation needed]
Rehovot was founded in 1890, in the coastal plain relatively sparsely settled by Arabs, by Polish Jews who wanted a township independent of the Baron Edmond James de Rothschild's aid and management. Israel Belkind, one of the original founders of the settlement, proposed the name Rehovot (lit. 'wide expanses') based on Genesis 26:22 : "And he called the name of it Rehoboth; and he said: 'For now the Lord hath made room for us, and we shall be fruitful in the land.'" The name was accepted. In 1908 they were joined by immigrants from Yemen, who settled in the city's Sha'arayim district. These early settlers planted vineyards, almond orchards and citrus groves. They withstood agricultural failures, plant diseases, and marketing problems.
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Roswell, New Mexico
Roswell is a city in, and the county seat of, Chaves County in the southeastern quarter of the state of New Mexico, United States. The population was 48,366 at the 2010 census. It is a center for irrigation farming, dairying, ranching, manufacturing, distribution, and petroleum production. It is also the home of New Mexico Military Institute (NMMI), founded in 1891. Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge is located a few miles northeast of the city on the Pecos River. Bottomless Lakes State Park is located twelve miles east of Roswell on US 380.
Roswell is most popularly known for having its name attached to what is now called the 1947 Roswell UFO incident, even though the crash site of the alleged UFO was some 75 miles from Roswell and closer to Corona. The investigation and debris recovery was handled by the local Roswell Army Air Field.
The first non-indigenous settlers of the area around Roswell were a group of pioneers from Missouri, who attempted to start a settlement 15 miles southwest of what is now Roswell in 1865 but were forced to abandon the site because of a lack of water. It was called Missouri Plaza. It also had many Hispanic people from Lincoln, NM. John Chisum had his famous Jingle Bob Ranch about 5 miles from the center of Roswell, at South Spring Acres. At the time it was the largest ranch in the USA.
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Ruidoso, New Mexico
Ruidoso is a village in Lincoln County, New Mexico, United States, adjacent to the Lincoln National Forest. The population was 8,029 at the 2010 census. The cities of Ruidoso Downs, Hollywood, Mescalero, and Alto are suburbs of Ruidoso and contribute to the Ruidoso Micropolitan Statistical Area's population of 21,223.
A mountain resort town, Ruidoso lies in the rugged Sierra Blanca mountain range of southcentral New Mexico, where it merges with the Sacramento Mountains to the south. Ruidoso is a rapidly growing resort community due to the region's alpine scenery, Ruidoso Downs racetrack, and slopes of Ski Apache, the Mescalero Apache Indian-owned ski resort on the 12,000-foot (3,700 m) mountain Sierra Blanca. The tribe also operates the Inn of the Mountain Gods resort in the area, which includes a casino, hotel, and golf course. Ruidoso is the largest community in Lincoln County and serves as the regional economic hub.
Ruidoso has been experiencing explosive growth. Currently, Ruidoso is the 3rd fastest growing city in New Mexico. Massive investment has poured into the town from many developers. Major projects including large housing subdivisions, condos, and retail establishments have altered the face of the once "sleepy mountain community." As a result, the Village is contending with serious questions about the adequacy of the local water supply and zoning enforcement. Like many small communities that have been recently 'discovered', there is an ongoing debate about how best to plan for additional growth.
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San Antonio
San Antonio ( /ˌsænænˈtoʊni.oʊ/) is the seventh-largest city in the United States of America and the second-largest within the state of Texas, with a population of 1.3 million. It was the fastest growing of the top 10 largest cities in the United States from 2000-2010, and the second from 1990-2000. Located in the American Southwest and the south–central part of Texas, the city serves as the seat of Bexar County. San Antonio has characteristics of other western urban centers in which there are sparsely populated areas and a low density rate outside of the city limits. The city is one of the two principal municipalities of the San Antonio-New Braunfels metropolitan area, the other being New Braunfels. Commonly referred to as Greater San Antonio, the metropolitan area has a population of 2.2 million based on the 2011 U.S. Census estimate, making it the 24th-largest metropolitan area in the United States and third-largest in the state of Texas.
The city was named for San Antonio de Padua, whose feast day is on June 13, when a Spanish expedition stopped in the area in 1691. Famous for Spanish missions, the Alamo, the River Walk, the Tower of the Americas, the Alamo Bowl, Marriage Island and host to SeaWorld and Six Flags Fiesta Texas theme parks, the city is visited by approximately 26 million tourists per year according to the San Antonio Convention and Visitors Bureau. The city is home to the four-time NBA champion San Antonio Spurs and the annual San Antonio Stock Show & Rodeo, one of the largest in the country.
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San Diego
San Diego /ˌsæn diːˈeɪɡoʊ/ is the eighth-largest city in the United States and second-largest city in California. The city is located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean in Southern California, immediately adjacent to the Mexican border. The birthplace of California, San Diego is known for its mild year-round climate, natural deep-water harbor, extensive beaches, long association with the U.S. Navy, and recent emergence as a healthcare and biotechnology enclave. The population was 1,301,617 at the 2010 census.
Historically home to the Kumeyaay people, San Diego was the first site visited by Europeans on what is now the West Coast of the United States. Upon landing in San Diego Bay in 1542, Juan Cabrillo claimed the entire area for Spain, forming the basis for the settlement of Alta California 200 years later. The Presidio and Mission of San Diego, founded in 1769, were the first European settlement in what is now California. In 1821, San Diego became part of newly independent Mexico, and in 1850, became part of the United States following the Mexican-American War and the admission of California to the union.
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San Francisco
San Francisco (/ˌsæn frənˈsɪskoʊ/), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.6 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland. The only consolidated city-county in California, it encompasses a land area of about 46.9 square miles (121 km2) on the northern end of the San Francisco Peninsula, giving it a density of about 17,179 people per square mile (6,632 people per km2). It is the most densely settled large city (population greater than 200,000) in the state of California and the second-most densely populated large city in the United States after New York City. San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in California and the 13th most populous city in the United States, with a population of 805,235 as of the 2010 Census. The San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont metropolitan area has a population of 4,335,391.
In 1776, colonists from Spain established a fort at the Golden Gate and a mission named for Francis of Assisi a few miles away. The California Gold Rush of 1849 propelled the city into a period of rapid growth, increasing the population in one year from 1,000 to 25,000, and thus transforming it into the largest city on the West Coast at the time. After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. During World War II, San Francisco was the port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, massive immigration, liberalizing attitudes, and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement, cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States.
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San Jose, California
San Jose ( /ˌsæn hoʊˈseɪ/; Spanish: St. Joseph) is the third-largest city in California, the tenth-largest in the U.S., and the county seat of Santa Clara County which is located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay. The San Jose/Silicon Valley area is a major component of the greater San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.6 million people and the sixth largest metropolitan area (CSA) in the United States. It is also the most populous city in Northern California.
San Jose was founded on November 29, 1777, as El Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe, the first civilian town in the Spanish colony of Nueva California, which later became Alta California. The city served as a farming community to support Spanish military installations at San Francisco and Monterey. When California gained statehood in 1850, San Jose served as its first capital.
After more than 150 years as a small farming city, San Jose and the surrounding Santa Clara Valley became the last (and largest) contiguous area of undeveloped land surrounding the San Francisco Bay. San Jose experienced increased demand for housing from soldiers and veterans returning from World War II. San Jose then continued its aggressive expansion during the 1950s and 1960s by annexing more land area. The rapid growth of the high-technology and electronics industries further accelerated the transition from an agricultural center, to an urbanized metropolitan area.
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Sandia Base
Sandia Base was, from 1946 to 1971, the principal nuclear weapons installation of the United States Department of Defense. It was located on the southeastern edge of Albuquerque, New Mexico. For twenty-five years, the top-secret Sandia Base and its subsidiary installation, Manzano Base, carried on the atomic weapons research, development, design, testing, and training commenced by the Manhattan Project during World War II. Fabrication, assembly, and storage of nuclear weapons was also done at Sandia Base. The base played a key role in the United States nuclear deterrence capability during the Cold War. In 1971 it was merged into Kirtland Air Force Base.
Sandia Base was located at about 35° 02' 25" N, 106° 32' 59" W at an elevation 5,394 feet (1,644 m) above sea level. It was in the southeast quadrant of Albuquerque, bounded roughly by Louisiana Boulevard SE and Kirtland Air Force Base on the west, and Eubank Avenue SE and the Sandia Mountains on the east, and Isleta Pueblo lands on the south. There were security gates on Gibson Avenue SE and Wyoming Boulevard SE.
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Sandia Peak Tramway
The Sandia Peak Tramway is located adjacent to Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA. It stretches from the northeast edge of the city to the crestline of the Sandia Mountains and has the world's third longest single span.
Bell Engineering of Lucerne, Switzerland, constructed the tramway in what they considered their most difficult tramway construction project, primarily because of the steep and rocky terrain. Entering service on May 7, 1966, the tram makes 10,500 trips per year. The tram is a type known as a "double reversible jigback aerial tramway," where "jigback" means that as one tram car is ascending, the other is descending. Its two cars are capable of carrying 50 passengers each and have numerous safety and backup systems, such as multiple emergency braking systems and a grounding system that ensures the safety of passengers in the event of a lightning strike. New tram cars were installed in 1986, and new track cables in 2009.
Sandia Peak Tramway has the longest single section. The Gondelbahn Grindelwald-Männlichen has two sections of some 3.7 mi (6 km) in the aggregate. The Sandia Peak Tram had the third longest span prior to the Peak 2 Peak Gondola (1.88 mi) and the Kitzbühel 3S Aerial Tramway (1.56 mi). There is also the Norsjö aerial tramway (8.2 mi / 13,2 km), a section of a former ropeway conveyor converted to passenger transport. The tramway ascends the steep western side of the highest portion of the Sandia Mountains, passing close to dramatic cliffs and pinnacles, from a base elevation of 6,559 feet (1,999 m) to a top elevation of 10,378 feet (3,163 m). A trip up the mountain takes fifteen minutes to ascend 3,819 ft (1,164 m), and the normal operating speed of the tram is 12 miles per hour (19 km/h) . Approximately four "flights" leave every hour from the base and top departure stations. The view from the tram includes all of Albuquerque and roughly 11,000 square miles (28,000 square kilometers) of the New Mexico countryside.
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Sandia Tramway
The Sandia Peak Tramway is located adjacent to Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA. It stretches from the northeast edge of the city to the crestline of the Sandia Mountains and has the world's third longest single span.
Bell Engineering of Lucerne, Switzerland, constructed the tramway in what they considered their most difficult tramway construction project, primarily because of the steep and rocky terrain. Entering service on May 7, 1966, the tram makes 10,500 trips per year. The tram is a type known as a "double reversible jigback aerial tramway," where "jigback" means that as one tram car is ascending, the other is descending. Its two cars are capable of carrying 50 passengers each and have numerous safety and backup systems, such as multiple emergency braking systems and a grounding system that ensures the safety of passengers in the event of a lightning strike. New tram cars were installed in 1986, and new track cables in 2009.
Sandia Peak Tramway has the longest single section. The Gondelbahn Grindelwald-Männlichen has two sections of some 3.7 mi (6 km) in the aggregate. The Sandia Peak Tram had the third longest span prior to the Peak 2 Peak Gondola (1.88 mi) and the Kitzbühel 3S Aerial Tramway (1.56 mi). There is also the Norsjö aerial tramway (8.2 mi / 13,2 km), a section of a former ropeway conveyor converted to passenger transport. The tramway ascends the steep western side of the highest portion of the Sandia Mountains, passing close to dramatic cliffs and pinnacles, from a base elevation of 6,559 feet (1,999 m) to a top elevation of 10,378 feet (3,163 m). A trip up the mountain takes fifteen minutes to ascend 3,819 ft (1,164 m), and the normal operating speed of the tram is 12 miles per hour (19 km/h) . Approximately four "flights" leave every hour from the base and top departure stations. The view from the tram includes all of Albuquerque and roughly 11,000 square miles (28,000 square kilometers) of the New Mexico countryside.
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Santa Fe County
Santa Fe County (Spanish: Holy faith) is a county located in the U.S. state of New Mexico. The county is also defined by the US Census Bureau as the Santa Fe, New Mexico Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 144,170, making it New Mexico's third most populous county. Its county seat is Santa Fe.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,911 square miles (4,949 km²), of which 1,909 square miles (4,945 km²) is land and 2 square miles (4 km²) (0.08%) is water. The highest point in the county is the summit of Santa Fe Baldy at 3 847m (12 622').
Whereas according to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau:
As of the census of 2000, The population density was 68 people per square mile (26/km²). There were 57,701 housing units at an average density of 30 per square mile (12/km²).
There were 52,482 households out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.01.
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Santa Fe, New Mexico
Santa Fe (English pronunciation: /ˌsæntəˈfeɪ/; (Tewa: Ogha Po'oge, Navajo: Yootó) is the capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is the fourth-largest city in the state and is the seat of Santa Fe County. Santa Fe (literally “holy faith” in Spanish) had a population of 67,947 in the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Santa Fe, New Mexico Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Santa Fe County and is part of the larger Santa Fe-Española Combined Statistical Area. The city’s full name when founded was La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís (“The Royal Town of the Holy Faith of St. Francis of Assisi”).
The city of Santa Fe was originally occupied by a number of Pueblo Indian villages with founding dates between 1050 to 1150. One of the earliest known settlements in what today is downtown Santa Fe came sometime after 900 C.E. A Native American group built a cluster of homes that centered around the site of today’s Plaza and spread for half a mile to the south and west; the village was called Ogapoge. The Santa Fe River provided water to people living there. The Santa Fe River is a seasonal waterway which was a year round stream until the 1700s. As of 2007, the river was recognized as the most endangered river in the United States, according to the conservation group American Rivers.
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Seattle
Seattle (pronounced /siːˈætɫ̩/ ( listen) see-AT-əl or /siːˈæɾɫ̩/) is the county seat of King County, in the U.S. state of Washington. With 608,660 residents as of the 2010 Census, Seattle is the largest city in the Northwestern United States. The Seattle metropolitan area of about 3.4 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the country. The city is a major coastal seaport situated on a narrow isthmus between Puget Sound (an arm of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about 114 miles (183 km) south of the Canada–United States border. In 2010, Seattle was the sixth busiest port in the United States, serving as a major gateway for trade with Asia.
The Seattle area had been inhabited by Native Americans for at least 4,000 years before the first permanent white settlers.Arthur A. Denny and his group of travelers, subsequently known as the Denny Party, arrived at Alki Point on November 13, 1851. The settlement was moved to its current site and renamed "Seattle" in 1853, after Chief Seattle of the local Duwamish and Suquamish tribes.
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Simms Building
The Simms Building in downtown Albuquerque, New Mexico was the city's first modern, International Style skyscraper. It was built in 1954, making it a contemporary of the similar Lever House in New York City. The building is located at 400 Gold Avenue SW, which was originally the location of the old sandstone Commercial Club building. The Simms Building is 55 m (180 ft) with 13 floors, which made it the tallest building in the state until the Bank of the West Tower was built 9 years later. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.
Like the neighboring Gold Building, the Simms Building has windowless brick walls on the east and west sides and glass curtain walls on the other two faces, designed by the firm Flatow, Moore, Bryan, and Fairburn, that also credited for the Dennis Chavez Federal Building one block to the west.
The Simms Building is used in Breaking Bad as the DEA office of show character, DEA Agent Hank Schrader. Ironically there is a historic Federal Building in the same block, the Federal Building and United States Courthouse, built in 1930, located at 421 Gold Avenue SW in downtown Albuquerque, New Mexico. It is part of the complex of federal buildings on Gold Avenue that includes the Old Post Office, Dennis Chavez Federal Building, and the Federal Building at 517 Gold Avenue SW.
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Socorro, New Mexico
Socorro is a city in Socorro County in the U.S. state of New Mexico. It stands in the Rio Grande Valley at an elevation of 4,579 feet (1,396 m). The population was 9,051 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Socorro County.
In June 1598, Juan de Oñate led a group of Spanish settlers through the Jornada del Muerto, an inhospitable patch of desert that ends just south of the present-day city of Socorro. As the Spaniards emerged from the desert, Piro Indians of the pueblo of Teypana gave the Spaniards food and water. Therefore, the Spaniards renamed this pueblo Socorro, which means "help" or "aid". Later, the name "Socorro" would be applied to the nearby Piro pueblo of Pilabó.
Nuestra Señora de Perpetuo Socorro, the first Catholic mission in the area, was probably established c. 1626. Fray Agustín de Vetancurt would later write that around 600 people lived in the area during this period. Mines in the Socorro mountains were opened by 1626.
During the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, Spanish refugees stopped in the pueblo of Socorro. A number of Piro Indians followed the Spaniards as they left the province to go south to safety. With no protection of Spanish troops, Socorro was destroyed and the remaining Piro were killed by the Apache and other tribes.
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Spain
Spain (i/ˈspeɪn/ SPAYN; Spanish: España, pronounced: [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north and north east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco. Furthermore, the town of Llívia is a Spanish exclave situated inside French territory. With an area of 504,030 square kilometres (194,610 sq mi), it is the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union after France, and the fourth largest country in Europe after Russia, Ukraine and France.
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State of New Mexico
New Mexico (i/nuː ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/) is a state located in the southwest and western regions of the United States. New Mexico is also usually considered one of the Mountain States. New Mexico is the 5th most extensive, the 36th most populous, and the 6th least densely populated of the 50 United States.
Inhabited by Native American populations for many centuries, New Mexico has also been part of the Imperial Spanish viceroyalty of New Spain, part of Mexico, and a U.S. territory. Among U.S. states, New Mexico has the highest percentage of Hispanics, including descendants of Spanish colonists and recent immigrants from Latin America. It also has the second-highest percentage of Native Americans, after Alaska, and the fourth-highest total number of Native Americans after California, Oklahoma, and Arizona. The tribes in the state consist of mostly Navajo and Pueblo peoples. As a result, the demographics and culture of the state are unique for their strong Hispanic and Native American influences. The flag of New Mexico is represented by the red and gold colors, which represent Spain, as well as the Zia symbol, an ancient Native American symbol for the sun.
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Sunshine Building
The Sunshine Building is a historic building in downtown Albuquerque, New Mexico, located at the intersection of Central Avenue and Second Street. The six-story building was designed by the El Paso firm of Trost & Trost and built in 1924, originally housing offices and a 920-seat movie theater. It is of reinforced concrete construction, with a facade of yellow brick.
The Sunshine Building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985 and has been designated as a Historic Landmark by the city.
F. D. Fogg and Company, Jewelers, operated a fine jewelry store in the building from 1948 until the 1970s. The store's classic neon sign and pink marble facade were recognized downtown Albuquerque landmarks throughout that period.[citation needed]
The TV Show In Plain Sight films the exterior of this location, as the fictional office of the US Marshal's Witness Protection Service.
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Taiwan
Taiwan (i/ˌtaɪˈwɑːn/ TY-WAHN; Chinese: 臺灣 or 台灣; pinyin: Táiwān; see below), officially the Republic of China (ROC; Chinese: 中華民國; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó), is a state in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China now governs the island of Taiwan (formerly known as Formosa), which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other minor islands. Neighboring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. Taipei is the capital city and economic and cultural centre of the country, and New Taipei is the most populous city.
The earliest evidence of inhabitation of Taiwan dates back to the late Paleolithic era. The island of Taiwan was mainly inhabited by Taiwanese aborigines before being colonized in the 17th century by the Dutch and the Spanish Empire. The first Han Chinese polity on Taiwan began when Koxinga's troops defeated Dutch forces and established the Kingdom of Tungning. The island was subsequently ruled by the Qing Dynasty after the kingdom's defeat in the Battle of Penghu in 1683, a period that lasted for over 200 years. Following Japan's victory over the Qing Dynasty in the first Sino-Japanese war, Taiwan was ceded to Japan under the Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895.
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Taos, New Mexico
Taos ( /ˈtaʊs/) is a town in Taos County in the north-central region of New Mexico, incorporated in 1934. As of the 2000 census, its population was 4,700. Other nearby communities include Ranchos de Taos, Cañon, Taos Canyon, Ranchitos, El Prado, and Arroyo Seco. The town is close to Taos Pueblo, the Native American village and tribe from which it takes its name.
Taos is also the county seat of Taos County. The name is also referred to by the nearby ski resort of Taos Ski Valley. The English name Taos derives from the native Taos language meaning "place of red willows".
The Taos Pueblo, that borders the town of Taos on its north side, has been occupied for nearly a millennium. It is estimated that the pueblo was built between 1000 and 1450 A.D., with some later expansion, and the pueblo is considered to be the oldest continuously inhabited community in the United States.
Located in a tributary valley off the Rio Grande, it is the most northern of the New Mexico pueblos. The Pueblo, at some places five stories high, is a combination of many individual homes with common walls. There are over 1,900 people in the Taos pueblo community. Some of them have modern homes near their fields and stay at their homes on the pueblo during cooler weather. There are about 150 people who live at the pueblo year-around. The Taos Pueblo was added as an UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992 as one of the most significant historical cultural landmarks in the world; Other sites include the Taj Mahal, Great Pyramids and the Grand Canyon in the United States.
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TempurPedic
Coordinates: 38°05′20″N 84°31′08″W / 38.0888°N 84.5190°W / 38.0888; -84.5190
Tempur-Pedic International, Inc. (NYSE: TPX) is a manufacturer and distributor of mattresses and pillows made from viscoelastic memory foam. The company's headquarters is located in Lexington, Kentucky.
On their company website Tempur-Pedic gives a brief history of their product:
In the early 1970s, NASA developed a pressure-absorbing material to help cushion and support astronauts during lift-off. The material was temperature-sensitive and it evenly distributed body weight. NASA released this material to the public in the 1980s” (“Tempur-Pedic History” 1).
In 1971, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), in an effort to relieve astronauts of the G-force experienced during lift-off, developed a viscoelastic pressure-relieving material that would be placed in space shuttles. After completion, this formula was made public by NASA. Although useful astronautically, the material originally proved unstable for commercial use.[citation needed]
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Tijeras Canyon
Tijeras Canyon (sometimes also referred to as Tijeras Pass) is a prominent canyon in the central part of the US state of New Mexico. Tijeras Canyon is often referred to by locals as the I-40 Canyon after the major highway that traverses it, linking Albuquerque and points east. It separates the Sandia Mountains to the north from the Manzano Mountains to the south. (The two ranges can also be considered parts of one larger mountain chain.) Elevations along the bottom of the canyon range from 5,600 feet (1,700 m) to 7,000 feet (2,100 m) above sea level. The canyon drains to the west, into a large dry wash known as Tijeras Arroyo, which runs through Kirtland Air Force Base, passes just south of the Albuquerque International Airport, and then joins the Rio Grande. It heads at a historically important pass, and this pass and the entire canyon are traversed by Interstate 40, following the path of historic U.S. Route 66. (Route 66 originally passed through Santa Fe and entered Albuquerque from the North. In 1937 Governor Arthur Hannett re-routed the road away from Santa Fe and through Tijeras Canyon as revenge on politicians who he perceived had thwarted his re-election.) However the railroad was not routed through this pass, instead skirting around the south end of the Manzano Mountains through Mountainair and Belen.
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Tijeras, New Mexico
Tijeras is a village in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 474 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Tijeras is located at 35°5′15″N 106°22′38″W / 35.0875°N 106.37722°W / 35.0875; -106.37722 (35.087550, -106.377354), at the junction of Tijeras Canyon, leading to the west, toward Albuquerque, and Cedro Canyon, leading to the south, toward the Manzano Mountains. New Mexico State Highway 14 leads north from the village, toward Cedar Crest, Sandia Crest, Madrid and Santa Fe.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.9 square miles (2.3 km2), all of it land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 474 people, 191 households, and 131 families residing in the village. The population density was 559.5 people per square mile (215.3/km²). There were 210 housing units at an average density of 247.9 per square mile (95.4/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 65.82% White, 1.05% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 28.06% from other races, and 4.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 56.33% of the population.
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Tucson, Arizona
Tucson ( /ˈtuːsɒn/ TOO-son) is the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States, and is the home to University of Arizona. The 2010 United States Census puts the city's population at 520,116, while the 2011 estimated population of the entire Tucson metropolitan area was 989,569. Tucson is the second-largest populated city in Arizona behind Phoenix, which both anchor the Arizona Sun Corridor. The city is located 118 miles (188 km) southeast of Phoenix and 60 miles (98 km) north of the U.S.-Mexico border. Tucson is the 32nd largest city and 52nd largest metropolitan area in the United States. Roughly 150 Tucson companies are involved in the design and manufacture of optics and optoelectronics systems, earning Tucson the nickname Optics Valley.
Major incorporated suburbs of Tucson include Oro Valley and Marana northwest of the city, Sahuarita south of the city, and South Tucson in an enclave south of downtown. Communities in the vicinity of Tucson (some within or overlapping the city limits) include Casas Adobes, Catalina Foothills, Flowing Wells, Tanque Verde, Tortilita, New Pascua, Sahuarita and Vail. Towns outside the Tucson metro area include Benson to the southeast, Catalina and Oracle to the north, and Green Valley to the south.
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Tulsa, Oklahoma
Tulsa ( /ˈtʌlsə/) is the second-largest city in the state of Oklahoma and 46th-largest city in the United States. With a population of 391,906 as of the 2010 census, it is the principal municipality of the Tulsa Metropolitan Area, a region with 937,478 (2010) residents in the MSA and 988,454 (2010) in the CSA. Tulsa's CSA is projected to reach one million between 2010 and 2012. The city serves as the county seat of Tulsa County, the most densely populated county in Oklahoma, and extends into Osage, Rogers, and Wagoner counties.
Tulsa was first settled between 1828 and 1836 by the Lochapoka Band of Creek Native American tribe. In 1921, it was the site of the infamous Tulsa Race Riot, one of the largest and most destructive acts of racial violence in the history of the United States. For most of the 20th century, the city held the nickname "Oil Capital of the World" and played a major role as one of the most important hubs for the American oil industry. Tulsa, along with several other cities, claims to be the birthplace of U.S. Route 66 and is also known for its Western Swing music.
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Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan (i/tɜrkˈmɛnɨstæn/ or i/tɜrkmɛnɨˈstɑːn/; Turkmen: Türkmenistan), formerly also known as Turkmenia (Russian: Туркмения), is one of the Turkic states in Central Asia. Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkmen SSR). Turkmenistan is one of the six independent Turkic states. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, Uzbekistan to the east and northeast, Kazakhstan to the north and northwest and the Caspian Sea to the west.
Turkmenistan's GDP growth rate of 11% in 2010[update] ranks 4th in the world, but these figures are subject to wide margins of error. It possesses the world's fourth largest reserves of natural gas resources. Although it is wealthy in natural resources in certain areas, most of the country is covered by the Karakum (Black Sand) Desert.
The Turkmen government operates as a single-party system. Turkmenistan was ruled by President for Life Saparmurat Niyazov (called "Türkmenbaşy" — "leader of the Turkmens") until his sudden death on 21 December 2006. Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov was elected the new president on 11 February 2007.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a federal district to become the national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution. The District is therefore not a part of any U.S. state. It was formed from land along the Potomac River donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the Virginia portion was returned by Congress in 1846.
A new capital city named after George Washington was founded in 1791 to the east of the preexisting port of Georgetown. Congress consolidated the City of Washington, Georgetown, and the remaining unincorporated area within the District under a single municipal government in 1871. The city shares its name with the U.S. state of Washington, located on the country's Pacific coast.
Washington, D.C., had an estimated population of 617,996 in 2011. The city was the 24th most populous place in the United States as of 2010. Commuters from the surrounding Maryland and Virginia suburbs raise the city's population to over one million during the workweek. The Washington Metropolitan Area, of which the District is a part, has a population of nearly 5.6 million, the seventh-largest metropolitan area in the country.
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Wichita, Kansas
Wichita /ˈwɪtʃɨtɔː/ WICH-ə-taw is the largest city in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 382,368. Located in south-central Kansas on the Arkansas River, Wichita is the county seat of Sedgwick County and the principal city of the Wichita metropolitan area. As of 2011, the metro area had a population of 630,721.
The city was incorporated in 1870, based on the success of businessmen who came to hunt and trade with native populations. Its position on the Chisholm Trail made it a destination for cattle drives heading north to access railroads to eastern markets. In the 20th century, aircraft pioneers such as Clyde Cessna, Walter Beech and Bill Lear began projects that would lead to Wichita's nicknaming as the Air Capital of the World. The aircraft corporations Stearman, Cessna, Mooney and Beechcraft were all founded in Wichita in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Cessna and Hawker Beechcraft remain based in Wichita today, along with Learjet and Spirit AeroSystems, and both Airbus and Boeing maintain a workforce in Wichita. The city was also at one time the headquarters of the former Derby Oil Company, which was purchased by Coastal Corporation in 1988.
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Zuzax, New Mexico
Zuzax is an unincorporated community in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, United States. It lies on New Mexico State Highway 333, former U.S. Highway 66, about eleven miles (18 km) east of Albuquerque. It is now largely an area of subdivisions. An exit for Zuzax exists on nearby Interstate 40. It was known in the 1950s for its tourist store and short chair lift ride which ascended a small hill behind the store.
Coordinates: 35°6′18″N 106°20′21″W / 35.105°N 106.33917°W / 35.105; -106.33917
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African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans, and formerly as American Negroes) are citizens or residents of the United States that have ancestry from any of the native populations of Sub-Saharan Africa.
African Americans make up the single largest racial minority in the United States. Most African Americans are of West and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States. However, some immigrants from African, Caribbean, Central American or South American nations, or their descendants, may be identified or self-identify with the term.
African-American history starts in the 16th century with African slaves who quickly rose up against the Spanish explorer Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón and progresses to the present day, with Barack Obama as the 44th and current President of the United States. Between those landmarks there have been events and issues, both resolved and ongoing, including slavery, racism, Reconstruction, development of the African-American community, participation in the great military conflicts of the United States, racial segregation, and the Civil Rights Movement.
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Asian American
Asian Americans are Americans of Asian descent. The U.S. Census Bureau definition of Asians refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent. It includes people who indicated their race(s) as "Asian" or reported entries such as "Asian Indian," "Chinese," "Filipino," "Korean," "Japanese," "Vietnamese," and "Other Asian" or provided other detailed Asian responses. They comprise 4.8% of the U.S. population alone, while people who are Asian combined with at least one other race make up 5.6%.
The term Asian American was used informally by activists in the 1960s who sought an alternative to the term Oriental, arguing that the latter was derogatory and colonialist. Formal usage was introduced by academics in the early 1970s, notably by historian Yuji Ichioka, who is credited with popularizing the term. Today, Asian American is the accepted term for most formal purposes, such as government and academic research, although it is often shortened to Asian in common usage.
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Bernadette Sanchez
Bernadette Sanchez is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 26th District since 2001.
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Bugs Bunny
Bugs Bunny is an American animated character created in 1938 at Leon Schlesinger Productions, later Warner Bros. Cartoons. Bugs is an anthropomorphic gray hare or rabbit and is famous for his flippant, insouciant personality, a pronounced Brooklyn accent, and his portrayal as a trickster. He has primarily appeared in animated cartoons, most notably the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of theatrical short films. His popularity there led to his becoming a corporate mascot of the Warner Bros. company. Bugs has appeared in more films than any other cartoon character and is the ninth most portrayed film personality in the world.
According to Bugs Bunny: 50 Years and Only One Grey Hare, Bugs was born on July 27, 1940 in Brooklyn, New York in a warren under Ebbets Field, home of the Brooklyn Dodgers. In reality, he was created by many animators and staff, including Tex Avery, who directed A Wild Hare, Bugs' debut role, and Robert McKimson, who created the definitive "Bugs Bunny" character design. According to Mel Blanc, the character's original voice actor, Bugs has a Flatbush accent. Bugs has had numerous catchphrases, the most prominent being a casual "Eh... What's up, doc?", usually said while chewing a carrot.
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China
China (i/ˈtʃaɪnə/; Chinese: 中国; pinyin: Zhōngguó; see also Names of China), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is the world's most-populous country, with a population of over 1.3 billion. Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometres, the East Asian state is the world's second-largest country by land area, and the third- or fourth-largest in total area, depending on the definition of total area.
The People's Republic of China is a single-party state governed by the Communist Party of China. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four directly controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau). Its capital city is Beijing. The PRC also claims Taiwan—which is controlled by the Republic of China (ROC), a separate political entity—as its 23rd province, a claim controversial due to the complex political status of Taiwan and the unresolved Chinese Civil War. The PRC government denies the legitimacy of the ROC.
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Cisco McSorley
Cisco A. McSorley is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 16th District since 1997. Earlier he was a member of the New Mexico House of Representatives from 1984 through 1996. He is currently chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee.
McSorley was born and grew up in Albuquerque, New Mexico and attended St. Pius X High School. He graduated from the University of New Mexico with a bachelor's degree in 1974 and from the University of New Mexico School of Law with a J.D. in 1979.
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Conquistador
Conquistadors ( /kɒn.ˈkiːstədɔrz/; Spanish and Portuguese: Conquistadores, Spanish: [koŋkistaˈðoɾes], Portuguese: [kõkiʃtaˈðoɾɨʃ]; "Conquerors") were soldiers, explorers, and adventurers at the service of the Spanish or Portuguese Empires. They sailed beyond Europe, conquering territory and opening trade routes. They colonized much of the world for Spain and Portugal in the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries.
The name derived from the Reconquista (711–1492), the reconquest of the territory of the Iberian Peninsula that was controlled by Muslims (the state called Al-Andalus). In 1492 Castile expanded its exploratory activities, using Portuguese navigators.[citation needed] Portugal had previously established a marine route to Japan via the southern coast of Africa, with numerous coastal enclaves along the route. Following the discovery of the New World by Christopher Columbus in 1492, expeditions led by conquistadors brought much of the Americas under the control of Spain in the 16th century.
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Dede Feldman
Dede Feldman is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 13th District since 1997.
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Edward Canby
Edward Richard Sprigg Canby (November 9, 1817 – April 11, 1873) was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War, Reconstruction era, and the Indian Wars. He was the only United States general to be killed during the later wars, and he died when assassinated at a peace talk with the Modoc in Northern California.
Canby was born in Piatt's Landing, Kentucky, to Israel T. and Elizabeth (Piatt) Canby. He attended Wabash College, but transferred to the United States Military Academy, from which he graduated in 1839. He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 2nd U.S. Infantry and served as the regimental adjutant.
Although often referred to as Edward Canby, a biographer has suggested that he was known as "Richard" during childhood and to some friends for most of his life. He was called "Sprigg" by fellow cadets at West Point, but during most of his career, he was generally referred to as E.R.S. Canby, sometimes signing his name "Ed.R.S. Canby."
He married Louisa Hawkins at Crawfordsville, Indiana, August 1, 1839. She came from a family of three sisters and a brother, with whom she remained close. The Canbys had several children together.
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Henry Hopkins Sibley
Henry Hopkins Sibley (May 25, 1816 – August 23, 1886) was a brigadier general during the American Civil War, leading the Confederate States Army in the New Mexico Territory. His attempt to gain control of trails to California was defeated at the Battle of Glorieta Pass. A West Point graduate, he had served with the United States Army from 1838 until 1861 and the start of the Civil War, when he resigned to join the Southern Cause.
Henry Hopkins Sibley, while descended from Massachusetts Bay Colony ancestors, was born in 1816 in Natchitoches, Louisiana. His father Samuel Hopkins Sibley moved his family there from Massachusetts in 1811. He followed his own father, Dr. John Sibley, who moved to the Red River country in Louisiana before 1803.
Dr. John Sibley served as a medic in Massachusetts in the American Revolutionary War. His wife was Elizabeth Hopkins, whose family name was given as a middle name to their son Samuel and grandson Henry. After her death, Sibley moved to the French colony of Louisiana. Dr. Sibley settled on the banks of the Red River at Natchitoches, Louisiana.
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I Love Lucy
I Love Lucy is an American television sitcom starring Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, Vivian Vance, and William Frawley. The black-and-white series originally ran from October 15, 1951, to May 6, 1957, on the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS). After the series ended in 1957, however, a modified version continued for three more seasons with 13 one-hour specials, running from 1957 to 1960, known first as The Lucille Ball-Desi Arnaz Show and later in reruns as The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour.
I Love Lucy was the most watched show in the United States in four of its six seasons, and was the first to end its run at the top of the Nielsen ratings (an accomplishment later matched by The Andy Griffith Show and Seinfeld). I Love Lucy is still syndicated in dozens of languages across the world.
The show was the first scripted television program to be shot on 35 mm film in front of a studio audience, and won five Emmy Awards and received numerous nominations. In 2002, it ranked second on TV Guide's list of television's greatest shows, behind Seinfeld and ahead of The Honeymooners. In 2007 it was listed as one of Time magazine's "100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME."I Love Lucy remains hugely popular today; more than 60 years after its debut, it is still seen by 40 million Americans each year.
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Isleta Pueblo
Isleta Pueblo is an unincorporated Tanoan pueblo in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, United States, originally established around the 14th century.
The population of Isleta Pueblo consists of mostly the Southern Tiwa ethnic group (Spanish: Tigua) who speak Isletan Tiwa, a variety of the Southern Tiwa language (of the Tanoan family). The other variety of Southern Tiwa is spoken at Sandia Pueblo.
Isleta Pueblo is located in the Rio Grande Valley, 13 miles (21 km) south of Albuquerque. It is east of and adjacent to the main section of Laguna Pueblo (a Keresan group).
Culturally, Pueblo groups have been divided into two group classes, a Western Pueblo group and an Eastern Pueblo group. Isleta Pueblo in this view is an Eastern Pueblo.
Isleta Pueblo's casino is served by the New Mexico Rail Runner Express, a commuter line from Belen to Santa Fe, at Isleta Pueblo station.
Isleta (as well as Sandia) have matrilineal non-exogamous corn groups which are connected with directions and colors, a moiety system (one moiety connected with the winter, the other with the summer), a kiva system. The people have their own dialect of language called Isletan.
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Jerry Ortiz y Pino
Gerald P. "Jerry" Ortiz y Pino is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 12th District since 2005. He succeeded Richard Romero, a fellow Democrat who ran for Congress (NM-1) in 2002 & 2004 and for mayor of Albuquerque in 2009. Was unopposed for reelection in 2008. Writes a recurring column in the Alibi; a weekly alternative publication in the Albuquerque area.
He has proposed an amendment to the New Mexico Constitution allowing the governor to fill vacancies in the Lieutenant Governor's office with appointments approved by the State Senate. The proposal appeared on the 2008 general election ballot.
In late summer 2009, he announced his bid for Lt. Governor. His campaign website is: http://www.jerryfornewmexico.com/
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John F. Kennedy
John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy pronunciation (help·info) (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963.
After military service as commander of the Motor Torpedo Boats PT-109 and PT-59 during World War II in the South Pacific, Kennedy represented Massachusetts's 11th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1947 to 1953 as a Democrat. Thereafter, he served in the U.S. Senate from 1953 until 1960. Kennedy defeated then Vice President and Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the 1960 U.S. presidential election. He was the youngest elected to the office, at the age of 43, the second-youngest President (after Theodore Roosevelt), and the first person born in the 20th century to serve as president. Kennedy is the only Catholic president, and is the only president to have won a Pulitzer Prize. Events during his presidency included the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Space Race, the African American Civil Rights Movement, and early stages of the Vietnam War.
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John Gaw Meem
John Gaw Meem IV (November 17, 1894 – August 4, 1983) was an American architect based in Santa Fe, New Mexico. He is best known for his instrumental role in the development and popularization of the Pueblo Revival style. Meem is regarded as one of the most important and influential architects to have worked in New Mexico.
Meem was born in 1894 in Pelotas, Brazil, the eldest child of parents who were missionaries of the Episcopal Church. In 1910 he traveled to the United States to attend Virginia Military Institute, where he obtained a degree in civil engineering. After graduating, he worked briefly for his uncle's engineering firm in New York before being called up for military service. Having spent the duration of World War I at a training camp in Iowa, Meem was hired by the National City Bank of New York and sent to Rio de Janeiro. Soon after arriving in Brazil, however, he was diagnosed with tuberculosis. Like many other tuberculosis patients of his time, Meem decided to seek the cure in the dry desert climate of New Mexico. He arrived at the Sun Mount Sanatorium in Santa Fe in the spring of 1920.
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Linda M. Lopez
Linda M. Lopez is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 11th District since 1997.
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Martin Chavez
Martin Joseph Chávez (born March 2, 1952) Chávez is a former three-term mayor of Albuquerque, New Mexico and New Mexico State Senator. He currently serves as the Executive Director of ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability USA. and Chairman of the Advisory Board for the Center for Green Schools at U.S. Green Building Council. He is currently seeking the Democratic nomination for the Congressional seat being vacated by Martin Heinrich, who is retiring from the house to run for Senate.
In 1952, he was born in Albuquerque, New Mexico of Hispanic heritage. Chávez attended both parochial (St. Charles Borromeo and Holy Ghost) and public (Van Buren Junior High and Manzano High) schools. After graduating from Manzano High School, Chávez earned a Bachelor’s Degree from the University of New Mexico and a Juris Doctor from Georgetown University Law Center. He was the founding director of the New Mexico Workers' Compensation Administration in 1986.
From 1987 to 1993 he served in the New Mexico State Senate where he helped pass the New Mexico Workers Compensation Act and the Voter Registration Reform Act.
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Martin Heinrich
Martin T. Heinrich (born October 17, 1971) is the U.S. Representative for New Mexico's 1st congressional district, serving since 2009. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The district includes the central area of the state, in and around Albuquerque.
Heinrich was born in Fallon, Nevada, the son of Shirley A. (née Bybee) and Pete C. Heinrich. Heinrich graduated from the University of Missouri in 1995 with a Bachelor's degree in Science and Engineering, and later took graduate courses at the University of New Mexico. He served as Executive Director of the Cottonwood Gulch Foundation, a New Mexico non-profit organization dedicated to educating young people on natural science and the environment, and founded his own public affairs consulting firm.
Heinrich served on the Albuquerque City Council from 2003 to 2007, which included one term as City Council President in 2006. As a city councilman, he stated that his goals were to reduce crime, raise the minimum wage and create new jobs. He also advocated the use of wind and solar power. In February 2006, he was appointed by Governor Bill Richardson to be the state's Natural Resources Trustee.
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Milton J. Yarberry
Milton J. Yarberry (1849 – February 9, 1883) was an outlaw, gunman and lawman of the Old West, best known for having been the first Town Marshal for Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Yarberry was born in Walnut Ridge, Arkansas, to a family whose name was not Yarberry. He confessed this just prior to his death, to friend Elwood Maden, and that his family was respectable, and to protect them from the shame of the life he led, he would never reveal his true name, and, he never did. He also confessed to Maden that he'd been born in 1849, and that he had left his families home after being involved in the killing of a man during a land dispute, after which he fled and changed his name. All of this is recorded in the book Deadly Dozen, written by author Robert K. DeArment. That book gives details about Yarberry, classifying him as one of the twelve least known but more dangerous gunmen of the Old West. Later research seems to indicate that he was, in reality, John Armstrong, and that he'd fled Sharp County, Arkansas wanted for murder. In 1873 he killed a man in Helena, Arkansas, fleeing once again.
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Neil Young
Neil Percival Young,OC,OM (born November 12, 1945) is a Canadian singer-songwriter who is widely regarded as one of the most influential musicians of his generation.
Young began performing as a solo artist in Canada in 1960, before moving to California in 1966, where he co-founded the band Buffalo Springfield along with Stephen Stills and Richie Furay, and later joined Crosby, Stills & Nash as a fourth member in 1969. He forged a successful and acclaimed solo career, releasing his first album in 1968; his career has since spanned over 40 years and 34 studio albums, with a continual and uncompromising exploration of musical styles. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame website describes Young as "one of rock and roll’s greatest songwriters and performers". He has been inducted into the Hall of Fame twice: first as a solo artist in 1995, and second as a member of Buffalo Springfield in 1997.
Young's work is characterized by his distinctive guitar work, deeply personal lyrics and signature alto or high tenor singing voice. Although he accompanies himself on several different instruments, including piano and harmonica, his idiosyncratic electric and clawhammer acoustic guitar playing are the defining characteristics of a varyingly ragged and melodic sound. While Young has experimented with differing music styles, including swing and electronic music throughout a varied career, his best known work usually falls into two primary styles: acoustic (folk and country rock) and electric (amplified hard rock, very often in collaboration with the band Crazy Horse). Young has also adopted elements from newer styles such as alternative rock and grunge. His influence on the latter caused some to dub him the "Godfather of Grunge".
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Pueblo
Pueblo is a term used to describe modern (and ancient) communities of Native Americans in the Southwestern United States of America. The first Spanish explorers of the Southwest used this term to describe the communities housed in apartment-like structures built of stone, adobe mud, and other local material. These structures were usually multi-storeyed buildings surrounding an open plaza. They were occupied by hundreds to thousands of Pueblo people.
The Castilian word pueblo evolved from the Latin word populus (people), meaning "town".
Of the federally recognized Native American communities in the Southwest, those designated by the King of Spain as pueblo at the time Spain ceded territory to the United States, after the American Revolutionary War, are legally recognized as Pueblo by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Some of the pueblos also came into under jurisdiction of the United States (in its view) by its treaty with Mexico, which had briefly gained rule over territory in the Southwest ceded by Spain after Mexican independence. There are 21 federally recognized Pueblos that are home to Pueblo people. Their official federal names are as follows:
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Richard J. Berry
Richard J. Berry is the ninth mayor of Albuquerque, New Mexico and a former member of the New Mexico House of Representatives.
Berry was sworn into office on 1 December 2009, succeeding Democrat Martin Chávez. Berry is a member of the Republican Party.
Richard Berry was born in Iowa on November 6, 1962, he was raised in Nebraska. Berry moved to Albuquerque in 1982 to attend the University of New Mexico, where he met his future wife, Maria Medina. Berry graduated Alma mater with a degree in finance and administration, and went into business with his wife. Berry became a successful entrepreneur, working in construction for the next twenty years.
While in the New Mexico House of Representatives, Berry served two terms representing the city of Albuquerque. During the mayoral race of 6 October 2009, Berry was elected with 43.88% of the popular vote. His opponents Martin Chávez and Richard Romero, both Democrats, came out with 35.05% and 20.89% of the vote, respectively. This outcome came as a slight surprise after Albuquerque's recent streak of Democratic mayors. Berry currently holds a full-time paid elected position with a four-year term.
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Sandia Pueblo
Sandia Pueblo ( /sænˈdiːə/) is a federally recognized tribe of Native American Pueblo people inhabiting a 101.114 km² (39.04 sq mi) reservation of the same name in the eastern Rio Grande Valley of central New Mexico, located three miles south of Bernalillo off Highway 85 in southern Sandoval County and northern Bernalillo County, at 35°14′49″N 106°32′50″W / 35.24694°N 106.54722°W / 35.24694; -106.54722. It is bounded by the city of Albuquerque to the south and by the foothills of the Sandia Mountains, a landform the people hold sacred and which was central to the traditional economy and remains important in the spiritual life of the community, to the east. A forested area known as the bosque surrounds the rest of the reservation, and serves as a source of firewood and wild game. A resident population of 4,414 was reported as of the 2000 census. Two communities located on its territory are Pueblo of Sandia Village and part (population 3,235) of the town of Bernalillo.
A federally recognized tribe, Sandia Pueblo is one of 19 of New Mexico's Native American pueblos. It is known as one of the state's Eastern Pueblos. Its 500 people are traditionally Tiwa speakers, a language of the Tanoan group, although retention of the traditional language has waned with later generations. They have a tribal government that operates Sandia Casino, Bien Mur Indian Market Center, and Sandia Lakes Recreation Area, as well as representing the will of the Pueblo in business and political matters.
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Steve Baer
Steve Baer (born 1938) is an American inventor and solar and residential designer. Baer has served on the board of directors of the U.S. Section of the International Solar Energy Society, and on the board of the New Mexico Solar Energy Association. He is the Founder, Chairman of the Board, President, and Director of Research at Zomeworks Corporation.
Steve Baer was born in Los Angeles. In his teens while a student at Midland School, he read Lewis Mumford and decided technology needn’t necessarily degrade or complicate people's lives. In the latter 1950s, Baer worked at various jobs and attended Amherst College and UCLA. In 1960, he joined the U.S. Army, being stationed in Germany for three years. He also was married in 1960. After discharge from the Army, he and his wife, Holly settled in Zurich, Switzerland, where he worked as a welder and attended Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, studying mathematics. Here he became interested in the possibilities of building innovative structures using polyhedra (non-rectangular polyhedrons).
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T.I
Clifford Joseph Harris, Jr. (born September 25, 1980), better known by his stage name T.I., is an American rap artist, film and music producer, actor and author. He is also the founder and co-chief executive officer (CEO) of Grand Hustle Records.
T.I. has released seven studio albums (I'm Serious, Trap Muzik, Urban Legend, King, T.I. vs. T.I.P., Paper Trail, and No Mercy) with the most recent five being highly successful on the commercial market. He has released such successful singles as "Bring Em Out", "What You Know", "Big Shit Poppin' (Do It)", "Swagga Like Us" (featuring Kanye West, Jay-Z and Lil Wayne), "Whatever You Like", "Live Your Life" (featuring Rihanna), "Dead and Gone" (featuring Justin Timberlake), "Got Your Back" (featuring Keri Hilson) and "That's All She Wrote" (featuring Eminem). He has served two stints in county jail, twice for probation violations and a federal prison bid for a U.S. federal weapons charge. While serving 11 months in prison he released his seventh studio album, No Mercy. T.I. has also had successful acting career, starring in the films Takers and ATL.
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Taiwan
Taiwan (i/ˌtaɪˈwɑːn/ TY-WAHN; Chinese: 臺灣 or 台灣; pinyin: Táiwān; see below), officially the Republic of China (ROC; Chinese: 中華民國; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó), is a state in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China now governs the island of Taiwan (formerly known as Formosa), which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other minor islands. Neighboring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. Taipei is the capital city and economic and cultural centre of the country, and New Taipei is the most populous city.
The earliest evidence of inhabitation of Taiwan dates back to the late Paleolithic era. The island of Taiwan was mainly inhabited by Taiwanese aborigines before being colonized in the 17th century by the Dutch and the Spanish Empire. The first Han Chinese polity on Taiwan began when Koxinga's troops defeated Dutch forces and established the Kingdom of Tungning. The island was subsequently ruled by the Qing Dynasty after the kingdom's defeat in the Battle of Penghu in 1683, a period that lasted for over 200 years. Following Japan's victory over the Qing Dynasty in the first Sino-Japanese war, Taiwan was ceded to Japan under the Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895.
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Tim McGraw
Samuel Timothy "Tim" McGraw (born May 1, 1967) is an American country singer and actor. Many of McGraw's albums and singles have topped the country music charts with total album sales in excess of 40 million units in the US, making him the eighth best-selling artist, and the third best-selling country singer, in the Soundscan era. He is married to country singer Faith Hill and is the son of former baseball player Tug McGraw.
McGraw had 11 consecutive albums debut at Number One on the Billboard albums charts. Twenty-one singles hit No. 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. He has won 3 Grammys, 14 Academy of Country Music awards, 11 Country Music Association (CMA) awards, 10 American Music Awards, and 3 People's Choice Awards. His Soul2Soul II Tour with Faith Hill is the highest grossing tour in country music history, and one of the top five among all genres of music.
McGraw has ventured into acting, with supporting roles in The Blind Side (with Sandra Bullock), Friday Night Lights, The Kingdom, and Four Christmases (with Vince Vaughn and Reese Witherspoon), and lead roles in Flicka (2006) and Country Strong (2010). He was a minority owner of the Arena Football League's Nashville Kats. Taylor Swift's debut single, "Tim McGraw", refers to him and his song, "Can't Tell Me Nothin'".
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Vivian Vance
Vivian Vance (born Vivian Roberta Jones, July 26, 1909 – August 17, 1979) was an American television and theater actress and singer. Vance is best known for her role as Ethel Mertz, sidekick to Lucille Ball on the American television sitcom I Love Lucy, and as Vivian Bagley on The Lucy Show.
Born in Cherryvale, Kansas, Vance was the second of six children born to Robert and Euphemia Jones. When she was six years old her family moved to Independence, Kansas, where she eventually began her dramatic studies at Independence High School under the tutelage of Anna Ingleman, the drama instructor. Her love of acting clashed with her mother's strict religious beliefs, and it wasn't too long before Vance, nicknamed "Viv" by friends, became very rebellious, often sneaking out of her bedroom and staying out after curfew. She soon changed her surname to Vance (after folklorist Vance Randolph) and moved to Albuquerque, New Mexico to find work as an actress. Vance was a founding member of the Albuquerque Little Theatre, where she appeared in many plays including, This Thing Called Love and The Cradle Song. The local theatre community helped pay her way to New York to study under Eva Le Gallienne.
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White American
White Americans are people of the United States who are considered or consider themselves White. The United States Census Bureau defines White people as those "having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. It includes people who reported “White” or wrote in entries such as Irish, German, Italian, Lebanese, Near Easterner, Arab, or Polish." Like all official U.S. racial categories, "White" has a "Not Hispanic or Latino" and a "Hispanic or Latino" component, the latter consisting mostly of White Mexican Americans and white Cuban Americans. The term "Caucasian" is often used interchangeably with "White", despite the fact they are not synonymous.
German Americans (16.5%), Irish Americans (11.9%), English Americans (9.0%), Italian Americans (5.8%), French Americans (4%), Polish Americans (3%), Scottish Americans (1.9%), Dutch Americans (1.6%), Norwegian Americans (1.5%), and Swedish Americans (1.4%) constitute the ten largest White American ancestries. Whites constitute the majority, with a total of 223,553,265 or 72.4% of the population in the 2010 United States Census.
wn.com/White_American
karaoke
Here are the actual song lyrics.
NOTE: Lyrics in Italics denote lyrics that were sung.
Lyrics:
Way back when I was just a little bitty boy living in a box under the stairs in the corner of the basement half a block down the street from Jerry's Bait shop
You know the place
well anyway, back then life was going swell and everything was just peachy
Except, of course, for the undeniable fact that every single morning
My mother would make me a big bowl of sauerkraut for breakfast
Awww - Big bowl of sauerkraut
Every single mornin
It wa driving me crazy
I said to my mom
I said "Hey, mom, what's with all the sauerkraut?"
And my dear, sweet mother
She just looked at my like a cow looks at an oncoming train
And she leaned right down next to me
And she said "IT'S GOOD FOR YOU"
And then she tied me to the wall and stuck a funnel in my mouth
And force fed me nothing but sauerkraut until I was twenty six and a half years old
That's when I swore that someday
Someday I would get outta that basement and travel to a magical, far away place
Where the sun is always shining and the air smells like warm root beer
And the towels are oh so fluffy
Where the shriners and the lepers play their ukuleles all day long
And anyone on the street will glady shave your back for a nickel
Wacka wacka doodoo yeah
Well, let me tell you, people, it wasn't long at all before my dream came true
Because the very next day, a local radio station had this contest
To see who could correctly guess the number of molecules in Leonard Nimoy's butt
I was off by three, but I still won the grand prize
That's right, a first class one-way ticket to
Albuquerque
Albuquerque
Oh yeah
You know, I'd never been on a real airplane before
And I gotta tell ya, it was really great
Except that I had to sit between two large Albanian women with excruciatingly severe body odor
And the little kid in back of me kept throwin' up the whole time
The flight attendants ran out of Dr. Pepper and salted peanuts
And the in-flight movie was Bio-Dome with Pauly Shore
And, oh yeah, three of the airplane engines burned out
And we went into a tailspin and crashed into a hillside
And the plane exploded in a giant fireball and everybody died
Except for me
You know why?
'Cause I had my tray table up
And my seat back in the full upright position
Had my tray table up
And my seat back in the full upright position
Had my tray table up
And my seat back in the full upright position
Ah ha ha ha
Ah ha ha
Ahhhh
So I crawled from the twisted, burnin' wreckage
I crawled on my hands and kneew for three full days
Draggin' along my big leather suitcase and my garment bag
And my tenor saxophone and my twelve-pound bowling ball
And my lucky, lucky autographed glow-in-the-dark snorkel
But finally I arived at the world famous Albuquerque Holiday Inn
Where the towels are oh so fluffy
And you can eat your soup right out of the ashtrays if you wanna
It's OK, they're clean
Well, I checked into my room and I turned down the A/C
And I turned on the SpectraVision
And I'm just about to eat that little chocolate mint on my pillow
That I love so very, very much when suddenly, there's a knock on the door
Well now, who could that be?
I say "Who is it?"
No answer
"Who is it?"
There's no answer
"WHO IS IT?"
They're not sayin' anything
So, finally I go over and I open the door and just as I suspected
It's some big fat hermaphrodite with a Flock-Of-Seagulls haircut and only one nostril
Oh man, I hate it when I'm right
So anyway, he bursts into my room and he grabs my lucky snorkel
And I'm like "Hey, you can't have that"
"That snorkel's been just like a snorkel to me"
And he's like "Tough"
And I'm like "Give it"
And he's like "Make me"
And I'm like "'Kay"
So I grabbed his leg and he grabbed my esophagus
And I bit off his ear and he chewed off my eyebrows
And I took out his appendix and he gave me a colonic irrigation
Yes indeed, you better believe it
And somehow in the middle of it all, the phone got knocked off the hook
And twenty seconds later, I heard a farmiliar voice
And you know what it said?
I'll tell you what it said
It said
"If you'd like to make a call, please hang up and try again"
"If you need help, hang up and then dial your operator"
"If you'd like to make a call, please hang up and try again"
"If you need help, hang up and then dial your operator"
In Albuquerque
Albuquerque
Well, to cut a long story short, he got away with my snorkel
But I made a a solemn vow right then and there that I would not rest
I would not sleep for an instant until the one-nostrilled man was brought to justice
But first, I decided to buy some donuts
So I got in my car and I drove over to the donut shop
And I walked on up to the guy behind the counter
And he says "Yeah, what do ya want?"
I said "You got any glazed donuts?"
He said "No, we're outta glazed donuts"
I said "You got any jelly donuts?"
He said "No, we're outta jelly donuts"
I said "You got any Bavarian cream-filled donuts?"
He said "No, we're outta Bavarian cream-filled donuts"
I said "You got any cinnamon rolls?"
He said "No, we're outta cinnamon rolls"
I said "You got any apple fritters?"
He said "No, we're outta apple fritters"
I said "You got any bear claws?"
He said "Wait a minute, I'll go check"
"No, we're outta bear claws"
I said "Well, in that case - in that case, what do you have?"
He says "All I got right now is this box of one dozen starving, crazed weasels"
I said "OK, I'll take that"
So he hands me the box and I open up the lid and the weasels jump out
And they immediately latch onto my face and start bitin' me all over
(rabid gnawing sounds)
Oh man, they were just going nuts
They were tearin' me apart
You know, I think it was just about that time that a little ditty started goin' through my head"
I believe it went a little something like this . . .
Get 'em off me
Get 'em off me
No, get 'em off, get 'em off
Oh, oh God, oh God
Oh, get 'em off me
Oh, oh God
Ah, (more screaming)
I ran out into the street with these flesh-eating weasels all over my face
Wavin' my arms all around and just runnin', runnin', runnin'
Like a constipated weiner dog
And as luck wouls have it, that's exactly when I ran into the girl of my dreams
Her name was Zelda
She was a caligraphy enthusiast with a slight overbite and hair the color of strained peaches
I'll never forget the first thing she said to me.
She said "Hey, you've got weasels on your face"
That's when I knew it was true love
We were inseperable after that
Aw, we ate together, we bathed together
We even shared the same piece of mint-flavored dental floss
The world was our burrito
So we got married and we bought us a house
And had two beautiful children - Nathaniel and Superfly
Oh, we were so very very very happy, aw yeah
But then one fateful night, Zelda said to me
She said "Sweetie pumpkin? Do you wanna join the Columbia Record Club?"
I said "Woah, hold on now, baby"
"I'm just not ready for that kinda commitment"
So we broke up and I never saw her again
But that's just the way things go
In Albuquerque
Albuquerque
Anyway, things really started lookin' upi for me
Because about a week later, I finally achieved my lifelong dream
That's right, I got me a part-time job at The Sizzler
I even made employee of the month after I put that grease fire out with my face
Aw yeah, everybody was pretty jealous of me after that
I was gettin' a lot of attitude
OK, like one time, I was out in the parking lot
Tryin' to remove my excess earwax with a golf pencil
When I see this guy Marty tryin' to carry a big ol' sofa up the stairs all by himself
So I, I say to him, I say "Hey, you want me to help you with that?"
And Marty, he just rolls his eyes and goes
"No, I want you to cut off my arms and legs with a chainsaw"
So I did
And then he gets all indignant on me
He's like "Hey man, I was just being sarcastic"
Well, that's just great
How was I supposed to know that?
I'm not a mind reader for cryin' out loud
Besides, now he's got a really cute nickname - Torso-Boy
So what's he complaining about?
Say, that reminds me of another amusing anecdote
This guy comes up to me on the street and says he hasn't had a bit in three days
Well, I knew what he meant
But just to be funny, I took a big bite out of his jugular vein
And he's yellin' and screamin' and bleeding all over
And I'm like "Hey, come on, don'tcha get it?"
But he just keeps rolling around on the sidewalk, bleeding, and screaming
(screaming sounds)
You know, just completely missing the irony of the whole situation
Man, some people just can't take a joke, you know?
Anyway, um, um, where was I?
Kinda lost my train of thought
Uh, well, uh, OK
Anyway I, I know it's kinda been a roundabout way of saying it
But I guess the whole point I'm tryin' to make here is
I hate sauerkraut
That's all I'm really tryin' to say
And, by the way, if one day you happen to wake up
And find yourself in an existential quandry
Full of loathing and self-doubt
And wracked with the pain and isolation of your pitiful meaningless existence
At least you can take a small bit of comfort in knowing that
Somewhere out there in this crazy mixed-up universe of ours
There's still a little place called
Albuquerque
Albuquerque
Albuquerque, Albuquerque
Albuquerque, Albuquerque
Albuquerque, Albuquerque
Albuquerque, Albuquerque
I said "A" (A)
"L" (L)
"B" (B)
"U" (U)
"querque" (querque)
Albuquerque, Albuquerque, Albuquerque, Albuquerque
Albuquerque, Albuquerque, Albuquerque, Albuquerque
Albuquerque, Albuquerque, Albuquerque, Albuquerque
Albuquerque, Albuquerque, Albuquerque, Albuquerque
Albuquerque
(belch)
Here are the lyrics from the album booklet.
NOTE: The following lyrics are type exactly as they appear in the booklet.
Lyrics:
Way back when I was just a little bitty boy
living in a box under the stairs in a corner of
the basement of the house half a block down
the street from Jerr's Bait Shop... You know
the place... Well anyway, back then life was
going swell and everything was juuuuust
peachy... except of course for the undeniable
fact that every single morning my mother
would . . . you know what? The rest of these lyrics
aren't gonna fit on here. There's just no room
left. What a drag, huh? I guess we didn't plan
this out very well . . . probably should've used a
smaller font or a bigger piece of paper or some-
thing. Sorry. We all feel just horrible about this.
Well, I guess you'll just have to listen really carefully
and try to figure out the words for yourself.
Good luck.
Well, they say
that Santa Fe
Is less than ninety miles away,
And I got time to roll a number
and rent a car.
Oh, Albuquerque.
I've been flyin'
down the road,
And I've been starvin' to be alone,
And independent from the scene
that I've known.
Albuquerque.
So I'll stop when I can,
Find some fried eggs
and country ham.
I'll find somewhere where
they don't care who I am.
Oh, Albuquerque,
I didn't bother to blow you off i never even thought to call you when i saw you
yesterday you said everything was fine and all this laughing means i'm running away
cause the things we have are %#&$#! and the things we had are gone sometimes it
takes so long to wake up what's the matter with my life anyway? friends around me
like to talk i guess they want to know if i'm gonna get a job or if i'm gonna sleep
'til noon all these people need to keep their mouth shut cause in the end the choise
is mine you never heard me asking you don't want to play a part i'm living on living
so i guess i know who my friends really are all those times it came to stealing you
never let me go that far and then you told me not to smoke it but i did and it took
me far away, yeah it took me far away
I've spent twenty three nights in this one horse town
I've been jacked up, been broke down for too long
I've been bustin' my tail in the blazing sun
Watching jack rabbits watch tumbleweeds run until dawn
Something's whispering in my ear that
I should be light years from here in
Albuquerque where the skies are blue
(I'm gonna take a bus, take a train, gonna' fly)
(Prayin' she's there after all this time)
Albuquerque my heart aches for you
(Stretchin' out across the lazy haze)
(Haunting my dreams calling my name)
Three more days 'til I get my pay
I need my money but I can't stay another night
I've been tossin', turnin' in my bed
I can't get her out, out of my head to save my life
Shake the sand out of my boots
Six hundred thirty-four miles to you in
Albuquerque where the skies are blue
(Gonna take a bus, take a train gonna' fly)
(Prayin' she's there after all this time)
Albuquerque my heart aches for you
(Stretchin' out across the lazy haze)
(Haunting my dreams calling my name)
Yes it does
Oh in Albuquerque where the skies are blue
(Gonna take a bus, take a train, gonna' fly)
(Prayin' she's there after all this time)
Albuquerque my heart aches for you
(Stretchin' out across the lazy haze)
(Haunting my dreams, calling my name)
Albuquerque where the skies are blue
(I'm gonna take a bus, take a train, gonna' fly)
(Prayin' she's there after all this time)
Albuquerque my heart aches for you
(Stretchin' out across the lazy haze)
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Weird Al Yankovic - Albuquerque: THE MOVIE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:23
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
This is one of the first flashes I ever made, back in 2006. At the time of uploading this is nearly it's 5 year anniversary. It's a music video to Weird Al's 11 and a half minute epic song Albuquerque! Sit back and enjoy.
http://wn.com/Weird_Al_Yankovic_Albuquerque_THE_MOVIE
"Weird Al" Yankovic: Albuquerque lyrics
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:23
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Weird_Al_Yankovic_Albuquerque_lyrics
Halo 3 Albuquerque
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:00
- Updated: 22 Nov 2012
Please read the description! The original song is about 11 minutes 20 seconds long but youtube had a ten minute limit at the time this was posted. In order to get the video to upload I had to cut out some empty bits of the song. Hopefully it won't be too obvious. The song is Albuquerque by Weird Al Yankovic. When I was about half way through making this video I realized how crazy this video is, but at the same time I was already halfway done and if I didn't' finish the video it would be wasted effort. Anyway as you can see in this video I've really put that photoshop class to use. About 40 percent of the video is silly effects with images and editing. But in the end I think it's a pretty good video considering the absurdity of the song. I hope you enjoy! PS I got a new video capture device so now this video is high quality and wide screen! If you like this video check out my other Weird Al halo vids Hardware Store www.youtube.com Everything you know is wrong www.youtube.com Ebay www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Halo_3_Albuquerque
Some Albuquerque stores start Black Friday earlier
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:53
- Updated: 21 Nov 2012
appliances. in the past be buy has opened up at 5 am on black friday. this year...doors open at midnight. and we've been telling you how black friday has turned into black thursday for some stores... marissa torres has a look at where you can start shopping early. ready or not.. it's here. the black friday fever is extremely contagious.. and retailers know it. all across albuquerque stores are extending their hours. start at cottonwood mall. macy's is the first to open its doors at midnight. eager shoppers can expect the rest of the mall to follow at 4am, it's the same for sears and jcpenny. dillards opens at 8 friday morning. at coronado mall- the fun starts early as well. 25 retailers open at midnight. same with big box stores like macy's and kohls. jcpenny follows at 3 am. and sears at 4. you can expect the rest of coronado to open at 5 am friday
http://wn.com/Some_Albuquerque_stores_start_Black_Friday_earlier
Bugs Bunny Albuquerque
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:00
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
I knew I shoulda taken that left turn at Albuquerque. www.jawprint.com/albaquerque
http://wn.com/Bugs_Bunny_Albuquerque
Phish, Albuquerque, 6.10.00 Tokyo, Japan
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 26 Oct 2012
Phish performs "Alburquerque" on 6.10.00 in Tokyo, Japan. (home video footage, not the best quality)
http://wn.com/Phish,_Albuquerque,_61000_Tokyo,_Japan
Albuquerque New Mexico USA
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:56
- Updated: 06 Nov 2012
A dude in the military(US Army) overseas asked me if it would be possible to take a few video clips of some of the familiar places in his home town to kind of remind him of home. I hope a few of these are ok. I took almost all of these in August 2010.
http://wn.com/Albuquerque_New_Mexico_USA
Passing through Albuquerque, New Mexico
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:10
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
Driving through Albuquerque on Interstate 40 East
http://wn.com/Passing_through_Albuquerque,_New_Mexico
Neil Young - Tonight's the Night [1975] - 08 - Albuquerque
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:03
- Updated: 22 Nov 2012
Neil Young - Tonight's the Night [1975] - 08 - Albuquerque
http://wn.com/Neil_Young_Tonight's_the_Night_1975_08_Albuquerque
Thanksgiving Songs for Children - ALBUQUERQUE TURKEY - Kids Songs by The Learning Station
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:26
- Updated: 22 Nov 2012
"Albuquerque Turkey", from the CD "Children's Favorites Autumn Songs & Fingerplays". Download CD: store.learningstationmusic.com Download Albuquerque Turkey song: cdbaby.com Young children enjoy familiar "to the tune of" melodies because they are simple, FUN and easy to learn. Autumn songs,...
http://wn.com/Thanksgiving_Songs_for_Children_ALBUQUERQUE_TURKEY_Kids_Songs_by_The_Learning_Station
Things to Do in Albuquerque New Mexico
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:20
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
Join Travel Writer Nancy D. Brown www.Nancydbrown.com, at the Hot Air Balloon Museum, International Balloon Fiesta, Petroglyph National Monument,, Boca Negra Canyon, Indian Pueblo Cultural Center and at Old Town and San Felipe del Neri church. What a Trip.
http://wn.com/Things_to_Do_in_Albuquerque_New_Mexico
Mayor of Albuquerque
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:16
- Updated: 19 Nov 2012
"For I am the Mayor of Albuquerque!" Yes, the team really did get their name from the Simpsons. en.wikipedia.org
http://wn.com/Mayor_of_Albuquerque
Official Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:18
- Updated: 22 Nov 2012
This is the largest and most photographed ballooning event in the world. Over 700 Balloon, 1000 Pilots and close to a million spectators visit Albuquerque New Mexico in Early October for this 10 day event
http://wn.com/Official_Albuquerque_International_Balloon_Fiesta
Hot Air Balloon Ride over Albuquerque, New Mexico
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:24
- Updated: 21 Nov 2012
www.kornhaber.com This is video about a Hot Air Balloon ride over Albuquerque, New Mexico. Hot Air Balloons are an amazing way to experience the world. I would fly in a hot air balloon to work if I could it would be wonderfully relaxing. Produced Edited and Scored by Andrew Kornhaber www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Hot_Air_Balloon_Ride_over_Albuquerque,_New_Mexico
Clay Guida MMA Fighter | Kettlebell Training | Albuquerque, NM
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:01
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
Clay Guida, MMA Fighter performing his kettlebell training at the FIREBELLZ studio in Albuquerque, NM. Clay's kettlebell training helps increase his strength & conditioning. FIREBELLZ Kettlebell Training, is committed to helping Albuquerque clients from moms to MMA fighterslose body fat and gain strength. For more information on our group fitness, personal training, hard style Russian kettlebell training and other strength and conditioning training programs please visit our website fire-bellz.com
http://wn.com/Clay_Guida_MMA_Fighter_|_Kettlebell_Training_|_Albuquerque,_NM
Girlyman: "Say Goodbye" in Albuquerque
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:24
- Updated: 18 Nov 2012
Girlyman recorded at the Albuquerque Biopark's "Summer Nights" concert series on June 26, 2008.
http://wn.com/Girlyman_Say_Goodbye_in_Albuquerque
Albuquerque, New Mexico - 600 years of history
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:55
- Updated: 21 Aug 2012
Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, Europe, Asia-Pacific 600 years of history from 1400 to 2005 - full color illustrated timeline installed in the Albuquerque Convention Center and at the Albuquerque International Sunport visitor waiting area. www.tommilesabq.com
http://wn.com/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico_600_years_of_history
Visit Albuquerque New Mexico - Tourism Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:30
- Updated: 02 Jun 2012
Discover Albuquerque in the heart of New Mexico. This sunny city offers authentic culture, history, cuisine and is the perfect location to experience the heritage of the Southwest.
http://wn.com/Visit_Albuquerque_New_Mexico_Tourism_Video
Brave New Voices 2010 - "Love Letter To Albuquerque Public Schools"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:06
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
Love Letter To Albuquerque Public Schools by Miguel Figueroa, Reed Bobroff, Olivia Gatwood, and Khalid Binsunni
http://wn.com/Brave_New_Voices_2010_Love_Letter_To_Albuquerque_Public_Schools
Phil Mocek arrested at ABQ (Albuquerque International Airport) TSA checkpoint 2009-11-15 14:34
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:39
- Updated: 21 Nov 2012
See also: mocek.org Video recording made by Phil Mocek at Albuquerque International Airport, just outside the TSA barricade, on November 15, 2009, from approximately 2:34 pm - 2:38 pm Mountain time. This video (without the subtitles) was presented by the prosecution in State of New Mexico v. Phillip Mocek in the Bernalillo County Metropolitan Court on January 20, 2011. After about an hour of deliberation, a jury found him not guilty of four misdemeanors with which he was charged. More information about the case, including addresses for Mocek's legal defense fund (he's paying for this out-of-pocket), can be found in an FAQ maintained by The Identity Project at papersplease.org Audio of most of the trial is available for download or streaming on the Internet Archive. There is an index at papersplease.org Visible and audible in the video are Mocek, Albuquerque Airport Police Department officers Robert F. "Bobby" Dilley (116), Landrow "Wiggy" Wiggins (137), and Julio A. De La Peña (135), and TSA staff LTSO Jonathon Breedon, TSM Gerald Romero, STSO Anthony M. Schreiner, Greg Martinez, and BDO Laura Moots.
http://wn.com/Phil_Mocek_arrested_at_ABQ_Albuquerque_International_Airport_TSA_checkpoint_2009-11-15_1434
2006 Albuquerque Balloon Fiesta
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:50
- Updated: 21 Nov 2012
Balloon launch at the 2006 Fiesta
http://wn.com/2006_Albuquerque_Balloon_Fiesta
Lynette's Albuquerque - Lobo's Basketball
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:29
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
Lynette visits The Pit to check out a game. Facebook: www.facebook.com Website: www.blackouttheatre.com Special thanks to Marty Chavez and the UNM Lobos.
http://wn.com/Lynette's_Albuquerque_Lobo's_Basketball
Neil Young - Albuquerque (Live in St. John's, Newfoundland)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:09
- Updated: 15 Nov 2012
Filmed on April 7th, 2009 at the Mile One Centre in Newfoundland, Canada.
http://wn.com/Neil_Young_Albuquerque_Live_in_St_John's,_Newfoundland
photo: AP / Sebastian D'souza
21 Nov 2012
MUMBAI, India - India executed the lone surviving gunman from the 2008 terror attack on Mumbai early Wednesday, India's home ministry said. Ajmal Kasab, a Pakistani citizen, was one of 10 gunmen who rampaged through the streets of India's financial capital in November 2008, killing 166 people. Kasab was hung at 7:30 a.m. Wednesday at a jail in...(size: 4.5Kb)
photo: AP / Melanie Gouby
21 Nov 2012
Hundreds of government soldiers and police in the Democratic Republic of Congo have surrendered to rebels at a stadium in Goma, Al Jazeera's Nazanine Moshiri has reported from the scene. The M23 rebel group, believed to be backed by Rwanda seized the strategic, provincial capital of Goma in eastern Congo on Tuesday, home to more than 1 million...(size: 18.7Kb)
photo: AP / Emilio Morenatti
22 Nov 2012
A new battle is underway in Pakistan with its powerful military front-and-centre, but the fight is not against armed insurgents or ideological extremists - this opponent is a muscle-flexing Supreme Court. For the first time in decades, the military's iron grip over the South Asian country has been challenged, and it remains to be seen if it will...(size: 23.7Kb)
photo: AP
23 Nov 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. I was fortunate to have been raised near an American Indian archaeological spot located on the Great Plains. In elementary school, a fellow classmate would periodically bring and show grinding stones, arrow- and spearheads, stone farming implements, and pictures of what the excavated site may have...(size: 7.1Kb)
photo: UN / Logan Abassi
21 Nov 2012
A report by the UN says global attempts to curb emissions of CO2 are falling well short of what is needed to stem dangerous climate change. The UN's Environment Programme says greenhouse gases are 14% above where they need to be in 2020 for temperature rises this century to remain below 2C. The authors say this target is still technically...(size: 3.5Kb)
Star Tribune
24 Nov 2012
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. - Khaalidah Miller scored 22 points and had five steals to help No. 8 Georgia beat St. Bonaventure 84-48 on Friday....(size: 0.9Kb)
The Business Review
23 Nov 2012
New Mexico Business Weekly by Steve Ginsberg, Reporter Date: Friday, November 23, 2012, 4:00am MST Reporter- New Mexico Business Weekly | ...(size: 8.8Kb)
Seattle Post
23 Nov 2012
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (AP) — A new study finds rustic home sites in the mountains east of Albuquerque and in rural Santa Fe County are adding...(size: 0.9Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
23 Nov 2012
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (AP) — A new study finds rustic home sites in the mountains east of Albuquerque and in rural Santa Fe County are adding...(size: 0.9Kb)
The Business Review
23 Nov 2012
New Mexico Business Weekly by Dennis Domrzalski, Reporter Date: Friday, November 23, 2012, 4:00am MST - Last Modified: Wednesday, November 21, 2012, 3:14pm MST...(size: 10.1Kb)
The Business Review
23 Nov 2012
New Mexico Business Weekly by Steve Ginsberg, Reporter Date: Friday, November 23, 2012, 4:00am MST - Last Modified: Wednesday, November 21, 2012, 3:14pm MST...(size: 9.8Kb)
The Examiner
23 Nov 2012
Related topics Metal ConcertsManiasDeformeFriend 2 Foe Advertisement On November 28, Albuquerque’s own Launchpad presents Manias, Severkill, Deforme, and Friend 2 Foe. Doors for this 21+ show open at 8 p.m., with the first band taking the stage at 9:30 p.m. Entry is only $5 but ticket price is subject to change at the door. Also known as Sale...(size: 7.1Kb)
Stars and Stripes
23 Nov 2012
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. — The Albuquerque chapter of the NAACP is throwing its support to the cause of an 83-year-old Tuskegee airman whose cataract surgery at the Albuquerque VA hospital damaged his eye. During the December 2011 procedure, a needle-like device detached from its syringe and entered the right eye of John Allen, a Rio Rancho...(size: 2.5Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
23 Nov 2012
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (AP) — The construction of rustic homes in the mountains east of Albuquerque and in rural Santa Fe County has led to a shift in the location of plague cases in New Mexico, according to a new study. The study co-authored by state public health veterinarian Paul Ettestad says the building trend that began in the 1980s brought more...(size: 2.4Kb)
Seattle Post
23 Nov 2012
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (AP) — The construction of rustic homes in the mountains east of Albuquerque and in rural Santa Fe County has led to a shift in the location of plague cases in New Mexico, according to a new study. The study co-authored by state public health veterinarian Paul Ettestad says the building trend that began in the 1980s brought more...(size: 2.4Kb)
The Business Review
23 Nov 2012
New Mexico Business Weekly by Kent Hoover, Washington Bureau Chief Date: Friday, November 23, 2012, 4:00am MST Washington Bureau Chief | | ...(size: 8.5Kb)
The Business Review
23 Nov 2012
New Mexico Business Weekly by Steve Ginsberg, Reporter Date: Friday, November 23, 2012, 4:00am MST Reporter- New Mexico Business Weekly | ...(size: 8.8Kb)
The Business Review
23 Nov 2012
President, Advanced Network Management Inc. New Mexico Business Weekly by Susan J. Smith, Special to NMBW Date: Friday, November 23, 2012, 4:00am MST - Last Modified: Wednesday, November 21, 2012, 5:46pm MST...(size: 8.5Kb)
"Albuquerque" redirects here. For other uses, see Albuquerque (disambiguation).
| Albuquerque | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| — City — | |||
 Downtown Albuquerque, Sandia Peak Tramway, Rio Grande Wetlands. |
|||
|
|||
| Nickname(s): The Duke City | |||
 |
|||
 Albuquerque
|
|||
| Coordinates: 35°06′39″N 106°36′36″W / 35.11083°N 106.61°W / 35.11083; -106.61 | |||
| Country |  United States |
||
| State |  New Mexico |
||
| County | Bernalillo County | ||
| Founded | 1706 (as Alburquerque) | ||
| Incorporated | 1891 (as Albuquerque) | ||
| Government | |||
| • Type | Mayor-council government | ||
| • Mayor | Richard J. Berry | ||
| • City Council |
Councilors
|
||
| • State House |
Representatives
|
||
| • State Senate |
State senators
|
||
| • U.S. House |
Representative
|
||
| Area | |||
| • City | 181.3 sq mi (469.5 km2) | ||
| • Land | 180.6 sq mi (467.9 km2) | ||
| • Water | 0.6 sq mi (1.7 km2) | ||
| Elevation | 5,312 ft (1,619.1 m) | ||
| Population (2010)[1][2] | |||
| • City | 545,852 (32nd) | ||
| • Density | 3,010.7/sq mi (1,126.9/km2) | ||
| • Metro | 887,077 (57th) | ||
| • Ethnicities[3] | 70% Caucasian 4.6% American Indian 4.6% Multiracial 3.3% Black 3.2% Asian 15% Other |
||
| Demonym | Albuquerquean, Burqueño[4] |
||
| Time zone | MST (UTC-7) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | MDT (UTC-6) | ||
| Zip Code(s) | 87101–87125, 87131, 87151, 87153, 87154, 87158, 87174, 87176, 87181, 87184, 87185, 87187, 87190–87199 |
||
| Area code(s) | 505 | ||
| FIPS code | 35-02000 | ||
| GNIS feature ID | 0928679
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||
| Primary Airport | Albuquerque International Sunport ABQ (Major/International) |
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| Secondary Airport | Double Eagle II Airport- KAEG (Public) |
||
| Website | www.cabq.gov | ||
Albuquerque ( /ˈælbəkɜrkiː/) is the largest city in the state of New Mexico, United States. It is the county seat of Bernalillo County and is situated in the central part of the state, straddling the Rio Grande. The city population was 545,852 as of the 2010 Census[5] and ranks as the 32nd-largest city in the U.S. As of June 2007, the city was the sixth fastest-growing in America.[6] It has a metropolitan population of 887,077 as of the 2010 Census.[7] Albuquerque is the 57th-largest United States metropolitan area. The Albuquerque MSA population includes the city of Rio Rancho.
Albuquerque is home to the University of New Mexico (UNM), Kirtland Air Force Base, Sandia National Laboratories, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, and Petroglyph National Monument. The Sandia Mountains run along the eastern side of Albuquerque, and the Rio Grande flows through the city, north to south.
Contents |
History[link]
Etymology[link]
It is generally believed that the growing village that was to become Albuquerque was named by the provincial governor Don Francisco Cuervo y Valdes in honor of Don Francisco Fernández de la Cueva y Enríquez de Cabrera, viceroy of New Spain from 1653 to 1660. One of de la Cueva's aristocratic titles was Duke of Alburquerque, referring to the Spanish town of Alburquerque.
The Alburquerque family name dates from pre-12th century Iberia (Spain and Portugal) and is habitational in nature (de Alburquerque = from Alburquerque). The Spanish village of Alburquerque is within the Badajoz province of Extremadura region, and located just fifteen miles (24 km) from the Portuguese border. Cork trees dominate the landscape and Alburquerque is a center of the Spanish cork industry.[8] Over the years, this region has been alternately under both Spanish and Portuguese rule. The name of the New Mexico city of Albuquerque follows the Portuguese spelling with only one 'r' rather than the Spanish one. Historically, the land around Alburquerque was invaded and settled by the Moors (711 AD) and the Romans (218 BC) before them. Thus, the word Alburquerque may be rooted in the Arabic (Moorish) 'Abu al-Qurq', which means "father of the cork oak", or "land of the cork oak" (the land as father—fatherland). Alternatively, it may be Latin (Roman) in origin and from 'alba quercus' or "white oak" (the wood of the cork oak is white after the bark has been removed). The seal of the Spanish village of Alburquerque is a white oak tree, framed by a shield, topped by a crown.[9]
Western folklore offers a different explanation, tracing the name Alburquerque to the Arabic 'Al-Barquq', meaning "the plum", and the derivative Galician (Galicia = northwest Spanish Province) word 'albaricoque', the "apricot". The apricot was brought to New Mexico by Spanish settlers, possibly as early as 1743. As the story goes, the settlement of La Ciudad de Albaricoque was established near an apricot tree. As frontiersmen were unable to correctly pronounce the Spanish (Galician) word, they pronounced it as "Albuquerque."[10]
Early settlers[link]
File:Centralave2.jpg
Depiction of Central Avenue (Downtown Albuquerque), circa early 20th century
.jpg)
Downtown Albuquerque 1880
Old Albuquerque High, built 1914
Victorian and Gothic Styles were used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Albuquerque was founded in 1706 as the Spanish colonial outpost of Ranchos de Alburquerque, 18 families had resided in the area. Present-day Albuquerque retains much of its historical Spanish cultural heritage.
Albuquerque was a farming community and strategically located military outpost along the Camino Real. The town was also the sheep-herding center of the West.[11] Spain established a presidio (military garrison) in Albuquerque in 1706. After 1821, Mexico also had a military garrison there. The town of Alburquerque was built in the traditional Spanish village pattern: a central plaza surrounded by government buildings, homes, and a church. This central plaza area has been preserved and is open to the public as a museum, cultural area, and center of commerce. It is referred to as "Old Town Albuquerque" or simply "Old Town." "Old Town" was sometimes referred to as "La Placita" ("little plaza" in Spanish).
After the American occupation of New Mexico, Albuquerque had a federal garrison and quartermaster depot, the Post of Albuquerque, from 1846 to 1867. During the Civil War Albuquerque was occupied in February 1862 by Confederate troops under General Henry Hopkins Sibley, who soon afterward advanced with his main body into northern New Mexico. During his retreat from Union troops into Texas he made a stand on April 8, 1862, at Albuquerque and fought the Battle of Albuquerque against a detachment of Union soldiers commanded by Colonel Edward R. S. Canby. This daylong engagement at long range led to few casualties.
When the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad arrived in 1880, it bypassed the Plaza, locating the passenger depot and railyards about 2 miles (3 km) east in what quickly became known as New Albuquerque or New Town. Many Anglo merchants, mountain men, and settlers slowly filtered into Albuquerque creating a major mercantile commercial center which is now Downtown Albuquerque. Due to a rising rate of violent crime, gunman Milt Yarberry was appointed the town's first marshal that year. New Albuquerque was incorporated as a town in 1885, with Henry N. Jaffa its first mayor, and it was incorporated as a city in 1891.[12]:232–233 Old Town remained a separate community until the 1920s when it was absorbed by the city of Albuquerque. Old Albuquerque High School, the city's first public high school, was established in 1879.
Early 20th century[link]
New Albuquerque quickly became a tidy southwestern town. By 1900, it boasted a population of 8,000 inhabitants and all the modern amenities, including an electric street railway connecting Old Town, New Town, and the recently established University of New Mexico campus on the East Mesa. In 1902, the famous Alvarado Hotel was built adjacent to the new passenger depot, and it remained a symbol of the city until it was razed in 1970 to make room for a parking lot. In 2002, the Alvarado Transportation Center was built on the site in a manner resembling the old landmark. The large metro station functions as the downtown headquarters for the city's transit department. It also serves as an intermodal hub for local buses, Greyhound buses, Amtrak passenger trains, and the Rail Runner commuter rail line.
New Mexico's dry climate brought many tuberculosis patients to the city in search of a cure during the early 20th century, and several sanitaria sprang up on the West Mesa to serve them. Presbyterian Hospital and St. Joseph Hospital, two of the largest hospitals in the Southwest, had their beginnings during this period. Influential New Deal–era governor Clyde Tingley and famed Southwestern architect John Gaw Meem were among those brought to New Mexico by tuberculosis.
Decades of growth[link]
The first travelers on Route 66 appeared in Albuquerque in 1926, and before long, dozens of motels, restaurants, and gift shops had sprung up along the roadside to serve them. Route 66 originally ran through the city on a north-south alignment along Fourth Street, but in 1937 it was realigned along Central Avenue, a more direct east-west route. The intersection of Fourth and Central downtown was the principal crossroads of the city for decades. The majority of the surviving structures from the Route 66 era are on Central, though there are also some on Fourth. Signs between Bernalillo and Los Lunas along the old route now have brown, historical highway markers denoting it as Pre-1937 Route 66.
The establishment of Kirtland Air Force Base in 1939, Sandia Base in the early 1940s, and Sandia National Laboratories in 1949, would make Albuquerque a key player of the Atomic Age. Meanwhile, the city continued to expand outward onto the West Mesa, reaching a population of 201,189 by 1960. In 1990, it was 384,736 and in 2007 it was 518,271. In June 2007, Albuquerque was listed as the sixth fastest-growing city in America by CNN and the U.S. Census Bureau.[6] In 1990, the Census Bureau reported Albuquerque's population as 34.5% Hispanic and 58.3% non-Hispanic white.[13]
Albuquerque's downtown entered the same phase and development (decline, "urban renewal" with continued decline, and gentrification) as nearly every city across the United States. As Albuquerque spread outward, the downtown area fell into a decline. Many historic buildings were razed in the 1960s and 1970s to make way for new plazas, high-rises, and parking lots as part of the city's urban renewal phase. As of 2010, only recently has downtown come to regain much of its urban character, mainly through the construction of many new loft apartment buildings and the renovation of historic structures such as the KiMo Theater, in the gentrification phase.
-
Albuquerque at dusk, 2007
-
Colored lit buildings of Downtown, 2007
-
Aerial photo of Albuquerque as seen from I-40 and I-25 interchange. Rio Grande shown in background, 2007
-
Albuquerque Studios, 2009
New millennium[link]
During the 21st century, the Albuquerque population has continued to grow rapidly. The population of the city proper is estimated at 528,497 in 2009, up from 448,607 in the 2000 census. The Albuquerque metropolitan area has 907,775 residents, and it is projected to increase to 2 million people by 2030, according to projections from the University of New Mexico's Bureau of Business and Economic Research.[14] During 2005 and 2006, the city celebrated its tricentennial with a diverse program of cultural events.
Urban trends and issues[link]
Alvarado Station provides convenient access to other parts of the city via the city bus system, ABQ RIDE. And the city plans to provide better public transportation opportunities to ease the city's growing traffic woes.
The passage of the Planned Growth Strategy in 2002–2004 was the community's strongest effort to create a framework for a more balanced and sustainable approach to urban growth.[15]
A critical finding of the study is that many of the 'disconnects' between the public's preferences and what actually is taking place are caused by weak or non-existent implementation tools – rather than by inadequate policies, as contained in the City/County Comprehensive Plan and other already adopted legislation.
Urban sprawl is limited on three sides—by the Pueblo of Sandia to the north, the Pueblo of Isleta and Kirtland Air Force Base to the south, and the Sandia Mountains to the east. Suburban growth continues at a strong pace to the west, beyond Petroglyph National Monument, once thought to be a natural boundary to sprawl development.[16]
Because of less-costly land and lower taxes, much of the growth in the metropolitan area is taking place outside of the city of Albuquerque itself. In Rio Rancho to the northwest, the communities east of the mountains, and the incorporated parts of Valencia County, population growth rates approach twice that of Albuquerque. The primary cities in Valencia County are Los Lunas and Belen, both of which are home to growing industrial complexes and new residential subdivisions. The mountain towns of Tijeras, Edgewood, and Moriarty, while close enough to Albuquerque to be considered suburbs, have experienced much less growth compared to Rio Rancho, Bernalillo, Los Lunas, and Belen. Limited water supply and rugged terrain are the main limiting factors for development in these towns. The Mid Region Council of Governments (MRCOG), which includes constituents from throughout the Albuquerque area, was formed to ensure that these governments along the middle Rio Grande would be able to meet the needs of their rapidly rising populations. MRCOG's cornerstone project is the New Mexico Rail Runner Express.
Geography[link]
According to the United States Census Bureau, Albuquerque has a total area of 181.3 square miles (470 km2). 180.6 square miles (468 km2) of it is land and 0.6 square miles (1.6 km2) of it (0.35%) is water.
Albuquerque lies within the northern, upper edges of the Chihuahuan Desert ecoregion, based on long-term patterns of climate, associations of plants and wildlife, and landforms, including drainage patterns. Located in central New Mexico, the city also has noticeable influences from the adjacent Colorado Plateau Semi-Desert, Arizona-New Mexico Mountains, and Southwest Plateaus and Plains Steppe ecoregions, depending on where one is located. Its main geographic connection lies with southern New Mexico, while culturally, Albuquerque is a crossroads of most of New Mexico.
Albuquerque has one of the highest elevations of any major city in the United States, though the effects of this are greatly tempered by its southwesterly continental position. The elevation of the city ranges from 4,900 feet (1,490 m) above sea level near the Rio Grande (in the Valley) to over 6,700 feet (1,950 m) in the foothill areas of Sandia Heights and Glenwood Hills. At the airport, the elevation is 5,352 feet (1,631 m) above sea level.
The Rio Grande is classified, like the Nile, as an "exotic" river because it flows through a desert. The New Mexico portion of the Rio Grande lies within the Rio Grande Rift Valley, bordered by a system of faults, including those that lifted up the adjacent Sandia and Manzano Mountains, while lowering the area where the life-sustaining Rio Grande now flows.
Climate[link]
Albuquerque has a semi-arid climate (BSk, depending on the particular scheme of the Köppen climate classification system one uses), meaning average annual precipitation is less than half of evaporation, and no month averages below freezing.
Albuquerque's climate is usually sunny and dry, with low relative humidity, with an average of 3,420 sunshine hours per year.[17][18] Brilliant sunshine defines the region, averaging 278 days a year; periods of variably mid and high-level cloudiness temper the sun at other times. Extended cloudiness is rare. The city has four distinct seasons, but the heat and cold are mild compared to the extremes that occur more commonly in other parts of the country.
Winters are rather brief but definite; daytime highs in December and January average in the mid 40s Fahrenheit, while the overnight lows drop into the mid 20s, and rarely lows can be fairly extreme (well below zero). Snowfall in Albuquerque usually happens a few times per year, totaling around 10 inches a year.
Spring time starts off windy and warm, sometimes unsettled with some rain, though spring is usually the driest part of the year in Albuquerque. March and April tend to see many days with the wind blowing at 20 to 30 mph (32 to 48 km/h), and afternoon gusts can produce periods of blowing sand and dust. In May, the winds tend to subside, as temperatures start to feel like summer.
Summer daytime highs are usually in the 90s, while dropping into the mid 60s to low 70s overnight. The heat is quite tolerable because of low humidity, except during the late summer during increased humidity from surges in the monsoonal pattern; at that time, daytime highs drop slightly but the extra moisture in the air can cause nighttime temperatures to increase.
Fall sees warm days and cool nights with less rain, though the weather can be more unsettled closer to winter.
The city was one of several in the region experiencing a severe winter storm on December 28–30, 2006, with locations in Albuquerque receiving between 10.5 and 26 inches (27 and 66 cm) of snow.[19]
Only the wettest areas of the Sandia foothills are barely semi-arid, where precipitation is more than half of, but still less than, evaporation; such areas are localized and usually lie above 6,000 feet (1,800 m) in elevation and often in arroyo drainages, signified by a slightly denser, taller growth of evergreen oak–juniper–pinon chaparral and rarely, woodland, often mixed with taller desert grasses. These elevated foothill areas still border arid areas, best described as desert grassland or desert shrub, on their west sides.
Traveling to the west, north and east of Albuquerque, one quickly rises in elevation and leaves the sheltering effect of the valley to enter a noticeably cooler and slightly wetter environment. One such area is still considered part of metro Albuquerque, commonly called the "East Mountain" area; it is covered in savannas or woodlands of low juniper and pinon trees, reminiscent of the lower parts of the southern Rocky Mountains, which do not actually contact Albuquerque proper.
Those mountains and highlands beyond the city create a rain shadow effect, due to the drying of descending air movements; the city usually receives very little rain or snow, averaging 8–9 inches (216 mm) of precipitation per year. Valley and west mesa areas, farther from the mountains are drier, averaging 6–8 inches of annual precipitation; the Sandia foothills tend to lift any available moisture, enhancing precipitation to about 10–17 inches annually. Most precipitation occurs during the summer monsoon season (also called a chubasco in Mexico), typically starting in early July and ending in mid-September.
| Climate data for Albuquerque (Albuquerque International Sunport), 1981–2010 averages | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 70 (21) |
78 (26) |
89 (32) |
89 (32) |
98 (37) |
107 (42) |
105 (41) |
101 (38) |
100 (38) |
91 (33) |
77 (25) |
72 (22) |
107 (42) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 47 (8) |
53 (12) |
61 (16) |
69 (21) |
79 (26) |
88 (31) |
90 (32) |
87 (31) |
81 (27) |
69 (21) |
56 (13) |
46 (8) |
68.8 (20.5) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 26 (−3) |
30 (−1) |
36 (2) |
43 (6) |
53 (12) |
62 (17) |
67 (19) |
65 (18) |
58 (14) |
46 (8) |
34 (1) |
27 (−3) |
45.6 (7.5) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −17 (−27) |
−6 (−21) |
6 (−14) |
12 (−11) |
28 (−2) |
37 (3) |
44 (7) |
45 (7) |
30 (−1) |
21 (−6) |
−7 (−22) |
−8 (−22) |
−17 (−27) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | .38 (9.7) |
.50 (13) |
.57 (14.5) |
.61 (15.5) |
.50 (13) |
.66 (16.8) |
1.50 (38.1) |
1.58 (40.1) |
1.08 (27.4) |
1.02 (25.9) |
.57 (14.5) |
.50 (13) |
9.47 (240.5) |
| Snowfall inches (cm) | 2.0 (5.1) |
1.8 (4.6) |
1.1 (2.8) |
.6 (1.5) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
.3 (0.8) |
1.0 (2.5) |
2.6 (6.6) |
9.3 (23.6) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 4.1 | 3.8 | 4.9 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 5.9 | 5.1 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 61.2 |
| Avg. snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 9.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 235.6 | 226.0 | 269.7 | 306.0 | 347.2 | 360.0 | 334.8 | 313.1 | 288.0 | 282.1 | 234.0 | 223.2 | 3,419.7 |
| Source no. 1: NOAA[18] | |||||||||||||
| Source no. 2: The Weather Channel (record temps),[20] HKO (sun, 1961–1990)[17] | |||||||||||||
Geology[link]
The Sandia Mountains are the predominant geographic feature visible in Albuquerque. "Sandía" is Spanish for "watermelon", and is popularly believed to be a reference to the brilliant coloration of the mountains at sunset: bright pink (melon meat) and green (melon rind). The pink is due to large exposures of granodiorite cliffs, and the green is due to large swaths of conifer forests. However, Robert Julyan notes in The Place Names of New Mexico, "the most likely explanation is the one believed by the Sandia Pueblo Indians: the Spaniards, when they encountered the Pueblo in 1540, called it Sandia, because they thought the squash growing there were watermelons, and the name Sandia soon was transferred to the mountains east of the pueblo."[21] He also notes that the Sandia Pueblo Indians call the mountain Bien Mur, "big mountain."[21]
The Sandia foothills, on the west side of the mountains, have soils derived from that same rock material with varying sizes of decomposed granite, mixed with areas of clay and caliche (a calcareous clay common in the arid southwestern USA), along with some exposed granite bedrock.
Below the foothills, the area usually called the "Northeast Heights" consists of a mix of clay and caliche soils, overlain by a layer of decomposed granite, resulting from long-term outwash of that material from the adjacent mountains. This bajada is quite noticeable when driving into Albuquerque from the north or south, due to its fairly uniform slope from the mountains' edge downhill to the valley. Sand hills are scattered along the I-25 corridor and directly above the Rio Grande Valley, forming the lower end of the Heights.
The Rio Grande Valley, due to long-term shifting of the actual river channel, contains layers and areas of soils varying between caliche, clay, loam, and even some sand. It is the only part of Albuquerque where the water table often lies close to the surface, sometimes less than 10 feet (3.0 m).
The last significant area of Albuquerque geologically is the West Mesa: this is the elevated land west of the Rio Grande, including "West Bluff", the sandy terrace immediately west and above the river, and the rather sharply defined volcanic escarpment above and west of most of the developed city. The west mesa commonly has soils often referred to as "blow sand", along with occasional clay and caliche and even basalt, nearing the escarpment.
Hydrology[link]
Albuquerque's drinking water presently comes from a delicate aquifer that was once described as an "underground Lake Superior". The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (ABCWUA) has developed a water resources management strategy, which pursues conservation and the direct extraction of water from the Rio Grande for the development of a stable underground aquifer in the future.[22][23]
The aquifer of the Rio Puerco is too saline to be cost-effectively used for drinking purposes.
Much of the rainwater that Albuquerque receives does not recharge its aquifer. It is diverted through a network of paved channels and arroyos, and emptied into the Rio Grande.
Of the 62,780 acre feet (77,440,000 m3) per year of the water in the upper Colorado River basin entitled to municipalities in New Mexico by the Upper Colorado River Basin Compact, Albuquerque owns 48,200. The water is delivered to the Rio Grande by the San Juan–Chama Project. The project's construction was initiated by legislation enacted by President John F. Kennedy in 1962, and completed in 1971. This diversion project transports water under the continental divide from Navajo Lake to Lake Heron on the Rio Chama, a tributary of the Rio Grande. Presently, this water is resold to downstream owners in Texas. These arrangements ended in 2008 with the completion of the ABCWUA's Drinking Water Supply Project.[24][dated info]
This project will, using a system of adjustable height dams, skim water from the Rio Grande into sluices which will lead to water treatment facilities for direct conversion to potable water. Some water will be allowed to flow through central Albuquerque, mostly to protect the endangered Rio Grande Silvery Minnow. Treated effluent water will be recycled into the Rio Grande to the South of the city. The ABCWUA expects river water to comprise up to seventy percent of its water budget in 2060. Groundwater will still be used. One of the policies of the ABCWUA's strategy is the acquisition of additional river water.[23][25] :Policy G, 14
Cityscape[link]
Tallest buildings[link]
See also: List of tallest buildings in Albuquerque
| Rank | Building | Height | Floors | Built | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bank of Albuquerque Tower | 351 feet (107 m) | 22 | 1990 | |
| 2 | Hyatt Regency Albuquerque | 256 feet (78 m) | 21 | 1990 | |
| 3 | Compass Bank Tower | 240 feet (73 m) | 18 | 1966 | |
| 4 | Bank of the West Tower, West | 235 feet (72 m) | 15 | 1986 | |
| 5 | Bank of the West Tower, East | 213 feet (65 m) | 17 | 1963 | |
| 6 | Gold Building | 203 feet (62 m) | 14 | 1959 | |
| 7 | Dennis Chavez Federal Building | 197 feet (60 m) | 13 | 1965 | |
| 8 | PNM Resources Tower | 184 feet (56 m) | 12 | 1974 | |
| 9 | Simms Building | 180 feet (55 m) | 13 | 1954 | |
| 10 | Pete V. Domenici U.S. Courthouse | 176 feet (54 m) | 7 | 1997 |
Architecture[link]
John Gaw Meem, credited with developing and popularizing the Pueblo Revival style, was based in Santa Fe but received an important Albuquerque commission in 1933 as the architect of the University of New Mexico. He retained this commission for the next quarter-century and developed the University's distinctive Southwest style.[12] :317
Due to the nature of the soil in the Rio Grande Valley, the skyline is lower than might be expected in a city of comparable size elsewhere.
Albuquerque boasts a unique nighttime cityscape. Many building exteriors are illuminated in vibrant colors such as green and blue. The Wells Fargo Building is illuminated green. The DoubleTree Hotel and the Compass Bank building are illuminated blue. The rotunda of the county courthouse is illuminated yellow, while the tops of the Bank of Albuquerque and the Bank of the West are illuminated reddish-yellow.
Albuquerque has expanded greatly in area since the mid 1940s. During those years of expansion, the planning of the newer areas has considered that people drive rather than walk. The pre-1940s parts of Albuquerque are quite different in style and scale from the post 1940s areas. These older areas include the North Valley, the South Valley, various neighborhoods near downtown, and Corrales. The newer areas generally feature four to six lane roads in a 1 mile (1.61 km) grid. Each 1 square mile (2.59 km²) is divided into four 160-acre (0.65 km2) neighborhoods by smaller roads set 0.5 miles (0.8 km) between major roads. When driving along major roads in the newer sections of Albuquerque, one sees strip malls, signs, and cinderblock walls. The upside of this planning style is that neighborhoods are shielded from the worst of the noise and lights on the major roads. The downside is that it is virtually impossible to go anywhere from home without driving.
Quadrants[link]
Albuquerque is geographically divided into four quadrants which are officially part of the mailing address. They are NE (northeast), NW (northwest), SE (southeast), and SW (southwest). The north-south dividing line is Central Avenue (the path that Route 66 took through the city) and the east-west dividing line is the BNSF Railway tracks.
Northeast Quadrant[link]
This quadrant has been experiencing a housing expansion since the late 1950s. It abuts the base of the Sandia Mountains and contains portions of the foothills neighborhoods, which are significantly higher, in elevation and price range, than the rest of the city. Running from Central Avenue and the railroad tracks to the Sandia Peak Aerial Tram, this is the largest quadrant both geographically and by population. The University of New Mexico, the Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, the Uptown area which includes two shopping malls (Coronado Center and ABQ Uptown), Journal Center, and Balloon Fiesta Park are all located in this quadrant.
Some of the most affluent neighborhoods in the city are located here, including Tanoan, High Desert, Sandia Heights, and North Albuquerque Acres. (Parts of Sandia Heights and North Albuquerque Acres are outside the city limits proper.) A few houses in the farthest reach of this quadrant lie in the Cibola National Forest, just over the line into Sandoval County.
Northwest Quadrant[link]
This quadrant contains historic Old Town Albuquerque, which dates back to the 18th century, as well as the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center. The area has a mixture of commercial districts and low- to middle-income neighborhoods. Northwest Albuquerque includes the largest section of downtown, Rio Grande Nature Center State Park and the Bosque ("woodlands"), Petroglyph National Monument, Double Eagle II Airport, Martineztown, the Paradise Hills neighborhood, and Cottonwood Mall.
Additionally, the "North Valley" area, which has some expensive homes and small ranches along the Rio Grande, is located here. The city of Albuquerque engulfs the village of Los Ranchos de Albuquerque and borders Corrales in the North Valley. The rapidly developing area on the west side of the river is known as the "West Mesa" or "Westside" and consists primarily of traditional residential subdivisions. The city proper is bordered on the north by the city of Rio Rancho.
Southeast Quadrant[link]
Kirtland Air Force Base, Sandia National Laboratories, Sandia Science & Technology Park, Albuquerque International Sunport, Eclipse Aerospace, Central New Mexico Community College, Albuquerque Veloport, University Stadium, Isotopes Park, The Pit, Mesa del Sol, The Pavilion, Albuquerque Studios, Hard Rock Casino, National Museum of Nuclear Science & History, New Mexico Veterans' Memorial, and Talin Market are all located in the Southeast (SE) quadrant.
The upscale neighborhood of Four Hills and the Four Hills Country Club are located in the foothills of Southeast Albuquerque. Other neighborhoods that can be found in this quadrant include Nob Hill, Ridgecrest, Willow Wood, and Volterra.
Southwest Quadrant[link]
Traditionally consisting of agricultural and rural areas, the Southwest quadrant is often referred to as the "South Valley." Although the city limits of Albuquerque do not include all of the area, the South Valley is considered to extend all the way to the Isleta Indian Reservation. This includes the old communities of Atrisco, Los Padillas, Kinney, Westgate, Westside, Mountainview, and Pajarito. The south end of downtown Albuquerque, the Bosque ("woodlands"), the Barelas neighborhood, the National Hispanic Cultural Center, and the Albuquerque Biological Park are also located here.
Demographics[link]
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1890 | 3,785 |
|
|
| 1900 | 6,238 | 64.8% | |
| 1910 | 11,020 | 76.7% | |
| 1920 | 15,157 | 37.5% | |
| 1930 | 26,570 | 75.3% | |
| 1940 | 35,449 | 33.4% | |
| 1950 | 96,815 | 173.1% | |
| 1960 | 201,189 | 107.8% | |
| 1970 | 244,501 | 21.5% | |
| 1980 | 332,920 | 36.2% | |
| 1990 | 384,736 | 15.6% | |
| 2000 | 448,607 | 16.6% | |
| 2010 | 545,852 | 21.7% | |
|
|
|||
2010 Census[link]
As of the census[27] of 2010, there were 545,852 people, 239,166 households, and 224,330 families residing in the city. The population density was 3010.7/mi² (1162.6/km²). There were 239,166 housing units at an average density of 1,556.7 per square mile (538.2/km²).
The racial makeup of the city was:[28]
- 70% White (42.1% non-Hispanic)
- 3.3% Black or African American
- 4.5% Native American
- 3.2% Asian
- 0.11% Pacific Islander
- 15.03% from other races
- 4.6% Multiracial (two or more races)[29]
- 46.7% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos (of any race)[29]
There were 239,116 households out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.5% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.02.
The age distribution was 24.5% under 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $38,272, and the median income for a family was $46,979. Males had a median income of $34,208 versus $26,397 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,884. About 10.0% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.
Economy[link]
See also: Economy of New Mexico
| Largest Employers in Albuquerque | |
|---|---|
| 1 | Kirtland Air Force Base |
| 2 | University of New Mexico |
| 3 | Albuquerque Public Schools |
| 4 | Sandia National Laboratories |
| 5 | Presbyterian Health System[30] |
| 6 | State of New Mexico (Government) |
| 7 | Lovelace Health System[31] |
| 8 | Intel Corporation |
| 9 | PNM Resources |
| 10 | Bank of Albuquerque (BOK Financial)[32] |
Albuquerque lies at the center of the New Mexico Technology Corridor, a concentration of high-tech private companies and government institutions along the Rio Grande. Larger institutions whose employees contribute to the population are numerous and include Sandia National Laboratories, Kirtland Air Force Base, and the attendant contracting companies which bring highly educated workers to a somewhat isolated region. Intel operates a large semiconductor factory or "fab" in suburban Rio Rancho, in neighboring Sandoval County, with its attendant large capital investment. Northrop Grumman is located along I-25 in northeast Albuquerque, and TempurPedic is located on the West Mesa next to I-40.
The solar energy and architectural-design innovator Steve Baer located his company, Zomeworks, to the region in the late 1960s; and Los Alamos National Laboratory, Sandia, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory cooperate here in an enterprise that began with the Manhattan Project. In January 2007, Tempur-Pedic opened an 800,000-square-foot (74,000 m2) mattress factory in northwest Albuquerque. SCHOTT Solar, Inc., announced in January 2008 they will open a 200,000-square-foot (19,000 m2) facility manufacturing receivers for concentrated solar thermal power plants (CSP) and 64MW of photovoltaic (PV) modules.
Forbes Magazine rated Albuquerque the best city in America for business and careers in 2006[33] and the 13th best (out of 200 metro areas) in 2008.[34]
Arts and culture[link]
Albuquerque is home to 300 visual arts, music, dance, literary, film, ethnic, and craft organizations, museums, festivals and associations.
Points of interest[link]
Albuquerque contains a variety of museums, galleries, shops and other points of interest. Some of these include the Albuquerque Biological Park, Albuquerque Museum of Art and History, Museum of Natural History and Science, and Old Town Albuquerque. The majority of locally owned boutiques and fine dining establishments are scattered throughout Downtown, Old Town, and Uptown. Old Town features ghost tours performed by the Southwest Ghosthunters Association. Albuquerque also has a variety of live music/performance venues including Hard Rock Pavilion, Tingley Coliseum, Sunshine Theater and the KiMo Theater.
The Sandia and Manzano Mountains to the east offer trails, open spaces, and rock climbing. Climbs from one to ten pitches can be found at all ability levels. The Sandia Peak Tramway, located adjacent to Albuquerque is the world's second-longest passenger aerial tramway. It also has the world's third-longest single span. It stretches from the Northeast edge of the city to the crestline of the Sandia Mountains. Elevation at the top of the tramway is roughly 10,300 ft (3,100 m). above sea level.
Sports[link]
The Albuquerque Isotopes are a minor league affiliate of the Los Angeles Dodgers, having derived their name from The Simpsons episode "Hungry Hungry Homer", which involves the Springfield Isotopes baseball team considering relocating to Albuquerque.[35][36] Prior to 2002, the Albuquerque Dukes served as the city's minor league team, having played at the Albuquerque Sports Stadium. The stadium was torn down to make room for the current Isotopes Park.
| Club | Sport | League | Venue | Capacity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albuquerque Isotopes | Baseball | AAA PCL | Isotopes Park | 12,500 |
| New Mexico Mustangs | Ice hockey | NAHL | Santa Ana Star Center | 7,500 |
| University of New Mexico Lobos | NCAA Division I FBS Football | Mountain West Conference | University Stadium | 42,000 |
| University of New Mexico Lobos (men and women) | NCAA Division I Basketball | Mountain West Conference | The Pit | 17,126 |
Parks and recreation[link]
- See also the External links section
Albuquerque has numerous parks, bike paths, and hiking areas scattered throughout the metro area. Most of the city's best biking and hiking areas are concentrated in and around the Sandia and Manzano foothills.
The city was ranked No. 1 as the fittest city in the United States, according to a March 2007 issue of Men's Fitness magazine. The critera used in the study included the availability of gyms and bike paths, commute times, and federal health statistics on obesity-related injuries and illnesses.
Government[link]
| Albuquerque City Council | |
|---|---|
| Richard J. Berry | Mayor |
| Kenneth Sánchez | 1st District |
| Debbra O'Malley | 2nd District |
| Isaac Benton | 3rd District |
| Bradley Winter | 4th District |
| Daniel Lewis | 5th District |
| Rey Garduño | 6th District |
| Michael D. Cook | 7th District |
| Trudy Jones | 8th District |
| Don Harris | 9th District |
Albuquerque is a charter city.[37][38] City government is divided into an executive branch, headed by a Mayor[37]:V and a nine-member Council that holds the legislative authority.[37]:IV The form of city government is therefore mayor-council government. The mayor is Richard J. Berry, a former state legislator, who was elected in 2009.
The Mayor holds a full-time paid elected position with a four-year term.[39] The Council members hold part-time paid positions and are elected from the nine Council districts for four-year terms, with four or five Councilors elected every two years.[40] Elections for Mayor and Councilor are nonpartisan.[37]:IV.4[38] Each year in December one of the Council members is elected by the members of the Council to be the Council President, and one is elected to be the Vice-President.[39] On December 1, 2008, Isaac Benton was elected President of the Council for the next year and Sally Mayer was elected Vice-President.[41]
The Council is the legislative authority of the city, and has the power to adopt all ordinances, resolutions, or other legislation.[40] The Council meets two times a month, with meetings held in the Vincent E. Griego Council Chambers in the basement level of Albuquerque/Bernalillo County Government Center.[42] Ordinances and resolutions passed by the Council are presented to the Mayor for his approval. If the Mayor vetoes an item, the Council can override the veto with a vote of two-thirds of the membership of the Council.[37]:XI.3
Each year, the Mayor submits a city budget proposal for the year to the Council by April 1, and the Council acts on the proposal within the next 60 days.[37]:VII
Education[link]
Further information: List of middle schools in Albuquerque, List of high schools in Albuquerque, List of colleges and universities in Albuquerque
Albuquerque is home to the University of New Mexico, the largest public flagship university in the state. UNM includes a School of Medicine which was ranked in the top 50 primary care-oriented medical schools in the country.[43] Albuquerque is also home to the National American University, Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute, Trinity Southwest University, and the University of St. Francis College of Nursing and Allied Health Department of Physician Assistant Studies. The Central New Mexico Community College serves most of the area, as do several technical schools including ITT Technical Institute and the University of Phoenix. Furthermore, The Art Center Design College offers bachelor's degrees in Graphic and Interior Design, animation, illustration, photography as well as several other disciplines. Albuquerque is also home to the Ayurvedic Institute, one of the first Ayurveda colleges specializing in Ayurvedic medicine outside of India. Albuquerque Public Schools, one of the largest school districts in the nation, provides educational services to over 87,000 children across the city.
Media[link]
Further information: Media in Albuquerque, New Mexico
The city is served by one major newspaper, the Albuquerque Journal, and several smaller daily and weekly papers, including the alternative Weekly Alibi. Albuquerque is also home to numerous radio and television stations that serve the metropolitan and outlying rural areas.
Infrastructure[link]
Transportation[link]
Main highways[link]
Some of the main highways in the city include:
- Pan-American Freeway[44]:248: More commonly known as Interstate 25 or "I-25", it is the main north–south highway on the city's eastern side of the Rio Grande. It is also the main north–south highway in the state (by connecting Albuquerque with Santa Fe and Las Cruces) and a plausible route of the eponymous Pan American Highway. Since Route 66 was decommissioned in the 1980s, the only remaining US highway in Albuquerque, unsigned US-85, shares its alignment with I-25. US-550 splits off to the northwest from I-25/US-85 in Bernalillo.
- Coronado Freeway[44]:248: More commonly known as Interstate 40 or "I-40", it is the city's main east–west traffic artery and an important transcontinental route. The freeway's name in the city is in reference to 16th century conquistador and explorer Francisco Vazquez de Coronado.
- Paseo del Norte: Concurrent with State Highway 423, Paseo del Norte connects two parts of Albuquerque that are separated by the North Valley and by Los Ranchos de Albuquerque. Paseo del Norte is a freeway from Tramway Boulevard to Eagle Ranch Road, as it crosses the Rio Grande. A controversial extension of this road through Petroglyph National Monument was finally opened in 2007. Roughly parallel to Interstate 40 and approximately five miles to the north, Paseo Del Norte connects Interstate 25 and Coors Boulevard.
- Coors Boulevard: Coors is the main north-south artery to the west of the Rio Grande in Albuquerque. There is one full interchange where it connects with Interstate 40. The rest of the route has stoplights, sidewalks and bike lanes. To the north of Interstate 40, part of the route is numbered as State Highway 448, while to the south, part of the route is numbered as State Highway 45.
- Central Avenue: Central is one of the historical routings of Route 66, it is no longer a main through highway, its usefulness having been supplanted by Interstate 40.[44]:248
- Tramway Boulevard: Serves as a bypass around the northeastern quadrant, the route is designated as NM-556. Tramway Boulevard starts at I-25 near Sandia Pueblo, and heads east as a two-lane road. It turns south near the base of the Sandia Peak Tramway and becomes a divided highway until its terminus near I-40 and Central Avenue by the western entrance to Tijeras Canyon.
The interchange between I-40 and I-25 is known as the "Big I".[44]:248 Originally built in 1966, it was rebuilt in 2002.
Bridges[link]
There are six road bridges that cross the Rio Grande and serve the municipality on at least one end if not both. The eastern approaches of the northernmost three all pass through adjacent unincorporated areas, the Village of Los Ranchos de Albuquerque, or the North Valley. In downstream order they are:
- Alameda Bridge
- Paseo del Norte Bridge
- Montano Bridge
- I-40 Bridge
- Old Town Bridge
- Barelas Bridge
Two more bridges serve urbanized areas contiguous to the city's perforated southern boundary.
- Rio Bravo Bridge (NM 500)
- I-25 Bridge (near Isleta Pueblo)
Rail[link]
The state owns most of the city's rail infrastructure which is used by a commuter rail system, long distance passenger trains, and the freight trains of the BNSF Railway.
Intercity rail[link]
Amtrak's Southwest Chief, which travels between Chicago and Los Angeles, serves the Albuquerque area daily with one stop in each direction at the Alvarado Transportation Center in downtown.
Commuter rail[link]
The New Mexico Rail Runner Express, a commuter rail line, began service between Sandoval County and Albuquerque in July 2006 using an existing BNSF right-of-way which was purchased by New Mexico in 2005. Service expanded to Valencia County in December 2006 and to Santa Fe on December 17, 2008. Rail Runner now connects Santa Fe, Sandoval, Bernalillo, and Valencia Counties with twelve station stops, including three stops within Albuquerque.[45] The trains connect Albuquerque to downtown Santa Fe with eight roundtrips per weekday. The section of the line running south to Belen is served less frequently.[46]
Local mass transit[link]
ABQ RIDE is the local transit agency in the city. ABQ RIDE operates a variety of bus routes, including the Rapid Ride express bus service.
In 2006 the City of Albuquerque under the mayorship of Martin Chavez had planned and attempted to "fast track" the development of a "Modern Streetcar" project. Funding for the US$270 million system was not resolved as many citizens vocally opposed the project. The city and its transit department maintain a policy commitment to the streetcar project.[47] The project would run mostly in the southeast quadrant on Central Avenue and Yale Boulevard.
As of 2011, the city is working on a study to develop a BRT (bus rapid transit) system through the Central Ave. corridor. This corridor currently carries 44% of all bus riders in the ABQ Ride system, making it a natural starting point for enhanced service.[48]
Albuquerque was one of two cities in New Mexico to have had electric street railways. Albuquerque's horse-drawn streetcar lines were electrified during the first few years of the 20th century. The Albuquerque Traction Company assumed operation of the system in 1905. The system grew to its maximum length of 6 miles (9.7 km) during the next ten years by connecting destinations such as Old Town to the west and the University of New Mexico to the east with the town's urban center near the former Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway depot. The Albuquerque Traction Company failed financially in 1915 and the vaguely named City Electric Company was formed. Despite traffic booms during the first world war, and unaided by lawsuits attempting to force the streetcar company to pay for paving, that system also failed later in 1927, leaving the streetcar's "motorettes" unemployed.[49]:177–181
Bicycle transit[link]
Albuquerque has a well-developed bicycle network.[50] In and around the City there are trails, bike routes, and paths that provide the residents and visitors with alternatives to motorized travel. The city was recently reviewed as having a major up and coming bike scene in North America.[51] The City of Albuquerque also recently opened its first Bicycle Boulevard on Silver Avenue.[52] There are plans for more investment in bikes and bike transit by the city in the coming years.
Walkability[link]
A 2011 study by Walk Score ranked Albuqueque 28th most walkable of fifty largest U.S. cities.[53]
Airports[link]
Albuquerque is served by two airports, the larger of which is Albuquerque International Sunport. It is located 3 miles (5 km) southeast of the central business district of Albuquerque. The Albuquerque International Sunport served over 6,000,000 passengers in 2008.[54] Double Eagle II Airport is the other airport. It is primarily used as an air ambulance, corporate flight, military flight, training flight, charter flight, and private flight facility.[55]
Utilities[link]
Energy[link]
PNM Resources, New Mexico's largest electricity provider, is based in Albuquerque. They serve about 487,000 electricity customers statewide.
New Mexico Gas Company provides natural gas services to more than 500,000 customers in the state, including the Albuquerque metro area.
Sanitation[link]
The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority is responsible for the delivery of drinking water and the treatment of wastewater.
For more details on this topic, see Albuquerque#Hydrology.
Healthcare[link]
Albuquerque is the medical hub of New Mexico, hosting numerous state-of-the-art medical centers. Some of the city's top hospitals include the VA Medical Center, Presbyterian Hospital, Heart Hospital of New Mexico, and Lovelace Women's Hospital. University of New Mexico Hospital is the only level I trauma center in the state.
Notable people[link]
Main article: List of people from Albuquerque
Sister cities[link]
Albuquerque has ten sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:
|
Pop culture[link]
Albuquerque has featured in Hollywood movies such as Sunshine Cleaning, Little Miss Sunshine and Brothers and television shows including Breaking Bad and In Plain Sight. Songs about Albuquerque have been recorded by Neil Young, The Partridge Family and Atmosphere.
The humorous song "Albuquerque" by Weird Al Yankovic tells the epic tale of a man moving to the city, and his many absurd misadventures while living there. Albuquerque is also mentioned in the songs "By the Time I Get to Phoenix" by Glen Campbell, "Everywhere" by country music singer Tim McGraw, "Bring Em Out" by rapper T.I and "The King of Rock 'n' Roll" by the British alternative rock band Prefab Sprout.
Many Bugs Bunny cartoon shorts have featured Bugs traveling around the world by burrowing underground. He often gets lost while traveling and remarks, while consulting a map, "I knew I should have taken that left turn at Albuquerque."
Vivian Vance's character, Ethel Mertz, from the 50's hit sitcom I Love Lucy often referred to Albuquerque as her hometown.
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ Thomas, G. Scott (December 25, 2010). "Census numbers show continued growth for Albuquerque area — NM Business Weekly". Lcsun-news.com. http://www.bizjournals.com/albuquerque/news/2010/12/22/US-Census-population-New-Mexico-cities.html. Retrieved December 25, 2010.
- ^ Thomas, G. Scott (June 24, 2011). "Metro area populations (as of July 1, 2011)". http://www.bizjournals.com/buffalo/datacenter/metro-area-populations-july-1-2011.html?appSession=163117473254535.
- ^ "Race Stats in Brief. City Data
- ^ "ABQ Trolley Co. – BURQUEÑOS". Abqtrolley.com. March 20, 2009. http://www.abqtrolley.com/index.php/Burque%C3%B1os. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
- ^ "American FactFinder". Factfinder2.census.gov. October 5, 2010. http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
- ^ a b By Les Christie, CNNMoney.com staff writer (June 28, 2007). "The fastest growing U.S. cities — June 28, 2007". CNN. http://money.cnn.com/2007/06/27/real_estate/fastest_growing_cities/. Retrieved May 9, 2009.
- ^ http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2010/cph-t/CPH-T-2.pdf
- ^ James J. Parsons. The Cork Oak Forests and the Evolution of the Cork Industry in Southern Spain and Portugal. 1962. Clark University
- ^ Brochure "Alburquerque: Villa Medieval" Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Alburquerque and Banco Bilbao Vizcaya. 2006
- ^ L. B. Mitchell. The Meaning of the Name Albuquerque. Western Folklore, Vol. 8, No. 3 (Jul., 1949), pp. 255–256
- ^ "History". Nmallstar.com. http://www.nmallstar.com/albuquerque_visitor_information.html#Albuquerques. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
- ^ a b Simmons, Marc (1982). Albuquerque. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-8263-0627-6.
- ^ "Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990". U.S. Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
- ^ Siermers, Erick (September 17, 2007). "Managing Albuquerque's growth". http://www.abqtrib.com/news/2007/sep/17/albuquerque-metro-area-population-projected-reach-/. Retrieved September 17, 2007.
- ^ "Planned Growth Strategy". Cabq.gov. March 19, 2007. http://www.cabq.gov/council/pgs.html. Retrieved July 2, 2010.
- ^ "Petroglyph National Monument". Nps.gov. June 10, 2010. http://www.nps.gov/petr/. Retrieved July 2, 2010.
- ^ a b "Climatological Normals of Albuquerque". Hong Kong Observatory. http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/n_america/us/albuquerque_e.htm. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
- ^ a b "NCDC: U.S. Climate Normals". http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/nm/290041.pdf. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
- ^ "Preliminary total snowfall reports across central and northern New Mexico from the December 28–30 winter storm". National Weather Service Albuquerque, NM. December 31, 2006. http://www.srh.noaa.gov/abq/climate/Monthlyreports/December/2006/PNS12312006.htm. Retrieved August 5, 2009.
- ^ "Weather for Albuquerque, NM". The Weather Channel. http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USNM0004. Retrieved March 17, 2010.
- ^ a b Robert Julyan, The Place Names of New Mexico (revised edition), UNM Press, 1998.
- ^ Odenwald, Arlene Cinelli (April 1993). "Protecting the aquifer: Albuquerque reacting". New Mexico Business Journal 17 (4): 38–39. ISSN 0164-6796. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m5092/is_n4_v17/ai_13856429. Retrieved December 23, 2008.
- ^ a b (PDF) Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority: Water Resource Management Strategy. Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority. January 10, 2007. http://www.abcwua.org/pdfs/WRMS_Update_101207.pdf. Retrieved October 18, 2008.
- ^ The project's page at the United States Bureau of Reclamation's website [1]
- ^ "The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority". Abcwua.org. December 7, 2008. http://www.abcwua.org/content/view/34/27/. Retrieved July 2, 2010.
- ^ U.S. Decennial Census
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "Albuquerque (city), New Mexico". State & County QuickFacts. U.S. Census Bureau. http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/35/3502000.html. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
- ^ a b "American FactFinder". Factfinder2.census.gov. October 5, 2010. http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL1.ST13&prodType=table. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
- ^ Presbyterian Health System
- ^ Lovelace Health System
- ^ Bank of Albuquerque
- ^ "Best Places For Business And Careers 2006". Forbes Magazine. January 1, 2006. http://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/1/2811.html. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
- ^ "Best Places For Business And Careers". Forbes Magazine. March 19, 2008. http://www.forbes.com/lists/2008/1/bestplaces08_Best-Places-For-Business-And-Careers_Rank.html. Retrieved December 23, 2008.
- ^ "Doh! Go Isotopes!". Seattle Post-Intelligencer (Hearst Corporation): p. C8. May 13, 2003.
- ^ Latta, Dennis (September 5, 2002). "Team President Throws Isotopes Name Into Play". Albuquerque Journal (Albuquerque Publishing Company): p. A1.
- ^ a b c d e f "Charter of the City of Albuquerque". American Legal Publishing Corporation. http://www.amlegal.com/nxt/gateway.dll/New%20Mexico/albuqwin/charterofthecityofalbuquerque?f=templates$fn=document-frameset.htm. Retrieved December 10, 2009. "this link should work after going to http://www.amlegal.com/ home page"
- ^ a b "Charter of the City of Albuquerque [PDF"]. City of Albuquerque. http://www.cabq.gov/council/documents/charter-review-task-force/city_charter.pdf. Retrieved December 10, 2009.
- ^ a b "Council — Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) – City of Albuquerque". City of Albuquerque. http://www.cabq.gov/council/frequently-asked-questions-faq. Retrieved December 26, 2008.
- ^ a b "Albuquerque City Council". City of Albuquerque. http://www.cabq.gov/council/. Retrieved December 26, 2008.
- ^ "Unanimous Election for Council President Isaac Benton". City of Albuquerque. http://www.cabq.gov/council/councilors/district-3/news/unanimous-election-for-council-president-isaac-benton. Retrieved December 24, 2008.
- ^ "City Council Meetings Schedule". City of Albuquerque. http://www.cabq.gov/council/council-meeting-schedules. Retrieved December 26, 2008.
- ^ "America's Best Graduate Schools 2008". http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/grad/rankings/med/brief/mdprank_brief.php. Retrieved January 19, 2008.
- ^ a b c d Bryan, Howard (1989). Albuquerque Remembered. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-8263-3782-1. OCLC 62109913. http://books.google.com/?id=rSQAbMtClsYC&lpg=PA248&dq=%22Pan%20American%20Freeway%22%20%22Coronado%20Freeway%22&pg=PA248#v=onepage&q=%22Pan%20American%20Freeway%22%20%22Coronado%20Freeway%22. Retrieved August 5, 2009.
- ^ "New Mexico Rail Runner Express: Stations listed North to South". New Mexico Rail Runner. http://www.nmrailrunner.com/stations.asp. Retrieved August 2, 2009.
- ^ "New Mexico Rail Runner Express Monday–Friday Schedule" (PDF). New Mexico Rail Runner Express. December 2, 2008. http://www.nmrailrunner.com/PDF/Weekday%20Schedule%20SF%2012-08.pdf. Retrieved December 23, 2008.
- ^ Gisick, Michael (December 4, 2006). "Council: Streetcar project rushed". Albuquerque Tribune. http://www.abqtrib.com/news/2006/dec/04/council-streetcar-project-rushed/. Retrieved April 26, 2009.
- ^ "Planning for the Future: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Service on Central Avenue". http://www.cabq.gov/transit/planning-for-the-future-bus-rapid-transit-brt-service-on-central-avenue. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
- ^ Myrick, David F (1970). New Mexico's Railroads --- An Historical Survey. Golden, Colorado: Colorado Railroad Museum. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 70-116915.
- ^ "Biking in Albuquerque". City of Albuquerque. http://www.cabq.gov/bike/.
- ^ Eric Smillie (April 27, 2009). "Sorry, Portland". http://www.good.is/post/sorry-portland. Retrieved August 5, 2009.
- ^ Jeremy Jojola; Joshua Panas (January 14, 2009). "Bike Boulevard to run through ABQ". KOB New Mexico. http://www.kob.com/article/stories/S742822.shtml. Retrieved August 5, 2009.
- ^ "2011 City and Neighborhood Rankings". Walk Score. 2011. http://www.walkscore.com/rankings/cities/. Retrieved August 28, 2011.
- ^ "Sunport Facts & Figures". City of Albuquerque. http://www.cabq.gov/airport/sunport-information/facts-figures. Retrieved February 12, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ "Double Eagle II Airport". City of Albuquerque. http://www.cabq.gov/airport/double-eagle-ii-airport. Retrieved February 12, 2009.
External links[link]
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Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Albuquerque. |
- Official government website
- 1905 Magazine Article with historical photos
- Albuquerque, New Mexico at the Open Directory Project
- Recreation and travel
- Albuquerque travel guide from Wikitravel
- Bicycle trails and lanes
- Available recreation activities
- List of parks in the area
Coordinates: 35°06′39″N 106°36′36″W / 35.110703°N 106.609991°W / 35.110703; -106.609991
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This article is about the musician. For his self-titled debut album, see "Weird Al" Yankovic (album).
| "Weird Al" Yankovic | |
|---|---|
 "Weird Al" Yankovic performing live in concert during his 2010 tour |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Alfred Matthew Yankovic |
| Also known as | "Weird Al" Yankovic |
| Born | (1959-10-23) October 23, 1959 (age 52)[1] Downey, California |
| Origin | Lynwood, California, United States |
| Genres | Parody, comedy, polka |
| Occupations | Record producer, satirist, parodist, singer-songwriter, musician, director, producer, actor |
| Instruments | Vocals, accordion, keyboards, theremin |
| Years active | 1976–present |
| Labels | RCA, Capitol, Scotti Brothers, Volcano |
| Associated acts | Dr. Demento |
| Website | weirdal.com |
Alfred Matthew "Weird Al" Yankovic (pronunciation: /ˈjæŋkəvɪk/;[2] born October 23, 1959) is an American singer-songwriter, music producer, accordionist, actor, comedian, writer, satirist, and parodist. Yankovic is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and that often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts. Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (as of 2007),[3] recorded more than 150 parody and original songs,[4][5][6] and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.[7] His works have earned him three Grammy Awards among nine nominations, four gold records, and six platinum records in the United States. Yankovic's first top ten Billboard album (Straight Outta Lynwood) and single ("White & Nerdy") were both released in 2006, nearly three decades into his career.
Yankovic's success comes in part from his effective use of music video to further parody popular culture, the song's original artist, and the original music videos themselves, scene-for-scene in some cases. He directed later videos himself and went on to direct for other artists including Ben Folds, Hanson, Black Crowes, and The Presidents of the United States of America. In addition to recording his albums, Yankovic wrote and starred in the film, UHF, and television show, The Weird Al Show. He has also made guest appearances on many television shows, in addition to starring in Al TV specials on MTV.[1]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Alfred was born in Downey, California, and raised in the town of Lynwood. He is the only child of Nick Louis Yankovic (June 4, 1917 – April 9, 2004)[8] and Mary Elizabeth (née Vivalda; February 7, 1923 – April 9, 2004).[8] His father was born in Kansas City, Kansas of Yugoslavian[8][9] descent, and began living in California after serving during World War II;[10][11] he believed "the key to success" was "doing for a living whatever makes you happy" and often reminded his son of this philosophy.[10] Nick Yankovic married Mary Elizabeth Vivalda in 1949. Mary, who was of Italian and English descent, and had come to California from Kentucky, gave birth to Alfred ten years later.[10]
Al's first accordion lesson, which sparked his career in music, was on the day before his sixth birthday. A door-to-door salesman traveling through Lynwood offered the Yankovic parents a choice of accordion or guitar lessons at a local music school. Yankovic claims the reason his parents chose accordion over guitar was "They figured there should be at least one more accordion-playing Yankovic in the world", referring to Frankie Yankovic, to whom he is not related directly.[12] Yankovic said that "[his] parents chose the accordion because they were convinced it would revolutionize rock."[9] He continued lessons at the school for three years before continuing to learn on his own.[8] Yankovic's early accordion role models include Frankie Yankovic and Myron Floren (the accordionist on The Lawrence Welk Show).
In the 1970s, Yankovic was a big fan of Elton John and claims John's Goodbye Yellow Brick Road album "was partly how I learned to play rock 'n roll on the accordion."[10] As for his influences in comedic and parody music, Yankovic lists artists including Tom Lehrer, Stan Freberg, Spike Jones, Allan Sherman, Shel Silverstein and Frank Zappa "and all the other wonderfully sick and twisted artists that he was exposed to through the Dr. Demento Radio Show."[8][13] Other sources of inspiration for his comedy come from Mad magazine,[10] Monty Python,[14] and the Zucker, Abrahams and Zucker parody movies.[15]
Yankovic began kindergarten a year earlier than most children, and he skipped the second grade. "My classmates seemed to think I was some kind of rocket scientist so I was labeled a nerd early on", he recalls.[10] As his unusual schooling left him two years younger than most of his classmates, Yankovic was not interested in sports or social events at school. He was valedictorian of his senior class.[10] Yankovic was active in his school's extracurricular programs, including the National Forensic League, a play based upon Rebel Without a Cause, the yearbook (for which he wrote most of the captions), and the Volcano Worshippers club, "which did absolutely nothing. We started the club just to get an extra picture of ourselves in the yearbook."[10]
Yankovic attended California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo where he earned a degree in architecture.[9]
Career[link]
Dr. Demento and early fame[link]
Yankovic received his first exposure via southern California and syndicated comedy radio personality Dr. Demento's radio show, saying "If there hadn't been a Dr. Demento, I'd probably have a real job now."[16] In 1976, Dr. Demento spoke at Yankovic's school where the then 16 year old Yankovic gave him a homemade tape of original and parody songs performed on the accordion in Yankovic's bedroom into a "cheesy little tape recorder". The tape's first song was "Belvedere Cruisin'", about his family's Plymouth Belvedere, was played on Demento's comedy radio show, launching Yankovic's career. Demento said "'Belvedere Cruising' might not have been the very best song I ever heard, but it had some clever lines [...] I put the tape on the air immediately.".[10][17] Yankovic also played at local coffeehouses, saying:
It was sort of like amateur music night, and a lot of people were like wannabe Dan Fogelbergs. They'd get up on stage with their acoustic guitar and do these lovely ballads. And I would get up with my accordion and play the theme from 2001. And people were kind of shocked that I would be disrupting their mellow Thursday night folk fest.[18]
During Yankovic's sophomore year as an architecture student at Cal Poly at San Luis Obispo, he became a disc jockey at the university's radio station, KCPR. Yankovic said he had been nicknamed Weird Al by fellow students and "took it on professionally" as his persona for the station.[10] In 1978, he released his first recording (as Alfred Yankovic), "Take Me Down", on the LP, Slo Grown, as a benefit for the Economic Opportunity Commission of San Luis Obispo County. The song mocked famous nearby landmarks such as Bubblegum Alley and the fountain toilets at the Madonna Inn.
In mid-1979, shortly before his senior year, "My Sharona" by The Knack was on the charts and Yankovic took his accordion into the restroom across the hall from the radio station (to take advantage of the echo chamber acoustics) and recorded a parody titled "My Bologna". He sent it to Dr. Demento, who played it to good response from listeners. Yankovic met The Knack after a show at his college and introduced himself as the author of "My Bologna". The Knack's lead singer, Doug Fieger, said he liked the song and suggested that Capitol Records vice president Rupert Perry release it as a single.[10] "My Bologna" was released as a single with "School Cafeteria" as its B-side, and the label gave Yankovic a six-month recording contract. Yankovic, who was "only getting average grades" in his architecture degree, began to realize that he might make a career of comedic music.[10]
On September 14, 1980, Yankovic was a guest on the Dr. Demento Show, where he was to record a new parody live. The song was called "Another One Rides the Bus", a parody of Queen's hit, "Another One Bites the Dust". While practicing the song outside the sound booth, he met Jon "Bermuda" Schwartz, who told him he was a drummer and agreed to bang on Yankovic's accordion case to help Yankovic keep a steady beat during the song. They rehearsed the song just a few times before the show began.[10] "Another One Rides the Bus" became so popular that Yankovic's first television appearance was a performance of the song on The Tomorrow Show (April 21, 1981) with Tom Snyder. On the show, Yankovic played his accordion, and again, Schwartz banged on the accordion case and provided comical sound effects.
Band and fame[link]
1981 brought Yankovic on tour for the first time as part of Dr. Demento's stage show. His stage act in a Phoenix, Arizona, nightclub caught the eye of manager Jay Levey, who was "blown away".[10] Levey asked Yankovic if he had considered creating a full band and doing his music as a career. Yankovic admitted that he had, so Levey held auditions. Steve Jay became Yankovic's bass player, and Jay's friend Jim West played guitar. Schwartz continued on drums. Yankovic's first show with his new band was on March 31, 1982.[7] Several days later, Yankovic and his band were the opening act for Missing Persons.
Yankovic recorded "I Love Rocky Road", (a parody of "I Love Rock 'n' Roll" as recorded by Joan Jett and The Blackhearts) which was produced by Rick Derringer, in 1982. The song was a hit on Top 40 radio, leading to Yankovic's signing with Scotti Brothers Records. In 1983, Yankovic's first self-titled album was released on Scotti Bros. He released his second album "Weird Al" Yankovic in 3-D in 1984. The first single "Eat It", a parody of the Michael Jackson song "Beat It", became popular, thanks in part to the music video, a shot-for-shot parody of Jackson's "Beat It" music video, and what Yankovic described as his "uncanny resemblance" to Jackson. Peaking at number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100 on April 14, 1984,[19] "Eat It" remained Yankovic's highest-charting single until "White & Nerdy" placed at number 9 in October 2006.[20]
In 1985, Yankovic co-wrote and starred in a mockumentary of his own life titled The Compleat Al, which intertwined the facts of his life up to that point with fiction. The movie also featured some clips from Yankovic's trip to Japan and some clips from the Al TV specials. The Compleat Al was co-directed by Jay Levey, who would direct UHF four years later. Also released around the same time as The Compleat Al was The Authorized Al, a biographical book based on the film. The book, resembling a scrapbook, included real and fictional humorous photographs and documents.
Yankovic and his band toured as the opening act for The Monkees in mid-1987 for their second reunion tour of North America. Yankovic claims to have enjoyed touring with The Monkees, despite the fact "the promoter gypped us out of a bunch of money."[21]
Yankovic also appeared on the Wendy Carlos recording of Prokofiev's "Peter and the Wolf" as the narrator in 1988. The album also included a sequel of Camille Saint-Saëns's composition The Carnival of the Animals titled the "Carnival of the Animals Part II", with Yankovic providing humorous poems for each of the featured creatures in the style of Ogden Nash, who had written humorous poems for the original. Rubén Valtierra joined the band on keyboards in 1991, allowing Yankovic to concentrate more on singing and increasing his use of the stage space during concerts.
A factual biographical booklet of Yankovic's life, written by Dr. Demento, was released with the 1994 box set compilation Permanent Record: Al in the Box.[10] The Dr. Demento Society, which issues yearly Christmas re-releases of material from Dr. Demento's Basement Tapes, often includes unreleased tracks from Yankovic's vaults, such as "Pacman", "It's Still Billy Joel To Me" or the live version of "School Cafeteria".
New look and career to present[link]
File:Weirdalclassic.jpg
Yankovic's "classic" look before eye surgery: with glasses, mustache and short, curly hair. He used it from 1979–1998.
On January 24, 1998, Yankovic had LASIK eye surgery to correct his extreme myopia.[22] In the same period, he shaved off his moustache and grew out his hair, thus radically changing his signature look (he had previously shaved his mustache in 1983 for the video of "Ricky" to resemble Desi Arnaz and 1996 for the "Amish Paradise" video). Yankovic reasoned, "If Madonna's allowed to reinvent herself every 15 minutes, I figure I should be good for a change at least once every 20 years."[23] He parodied the reaction to this "new look" in a commercial for his nonexistent MTV Unplugged special. The commercial featured Yankovic in the short-haired wig from the music video for Hanson's "River", claiming his new look was an attempt to "get back to the core of what I'm all about", that being "the music".[24]
Three of his latest albums feature the longest songs Yankovic has ever released. The "Albuquerque" track from Running with Scissors is 11 minutes and 23 seconds; "Genius in France" from Poodle Hat runs for 8 minutes and 56 seconds; "Trapped in the Drive-Thru" from Straight Outta Lynwood is 10 minutes and 53 seconds long. Before 2007 (apart from a one-off performance of "Albuquerque" in Albuquerque, New Mexico),[25] these "epic" songs were not performed live in their entirety due to their length and complexity. (See Live performances for details)
Yankovic has also started to explore digital distribution of his songs. On October 7, 2008, Yankovic released to the iTunes Store "Whatever You Like", a parody of the T.I. song of the same title, which Yankovic said he had come up with two weeks before. Yankovic said that the benefit of digital distribution is that "I don't have to wait around while my songs get old and dated—I can get them out on the Internet almost immediately."[26] In 2009, Yankovic released four more songs: "Craigslist" on June 16, "Skipper Dan" on July 14, "CNR" on August 4, and "Ringtone" on August 25. These five digitally released songs were packaged as a digital EP titled Internet Leaks, with "Whatever You Like" retroactively included in the set.[27]
In 2011, Yankovic completed his thirteenth studio album. This album, titled Alpocalypse, is his first studio album since Straight Outta Lynwood, and was released on June 21, 2011.[28] The album contains the five songs from the previous Internet Leaks digital download release, a polka medley called "Polka Face", a song called "TMZ" for which Bill Plympton created an animated music video, and five other new songs.[29][30]
Yankovic had reported an interest in parodying Lady Gaga's material,[31] and on April 20 announced that he had written and recorded a parody of "Born This Way" titled "Perform This Way", to be the lead single for his new album. However, upon first submitting it to Lady Gaga's manager for approval (which Yankovic does as a courtesy), he was not given permission to release it commercially. As he had previously done under similar circumstances (with his parody of James Blunt's "You're Beautiful"), Yankovic then released the song for free on the internet. Soon afterwards, Gaga's manager admitted that he had denied the parody of his own accord without forwarding the song to his client, and upon seeing it online, Lady Gaga granted permission for the parody. Yankovic has stated that all of his proceeds from the parody and its music video will be donated to the Human Rights Campaign, to support the human rights themes of the original song.[32][33]
Yankovic was also a judge for the 10th annual Independent Music Awards to support independent artists' careers.[34]
Personal life[link]
Yankovic married Suzanne Krajewski in 2001; their daughter, Nina, was born in 2003.[35] They also have a pet cockatiel named Bo Veaner[8] and dog named Bambu. They used to have a pet poodle, named Bela (pictured atop Yankovic's head on the cover of his album, Poodle Hat). Yankovic identifies as Christian and has stated that a couple from his church appeared on the cover of Poodle Hat.[36][37]
Yankovic changed his diet to become a vegan in 1992, after a former girlfriend gave him the book Diet for a New America and he felt "it made [...] a very compelling argument for a strict vegetarian diet."[38] When asked how he can "rationalize" performing at events such as the Great American Rib Cook-Off when he is a vegan, he replied, "The same way I can rationalize playing at a college even though I’m not a student anymore."[39]
In 2004, Yankovic's parents were found dead in their Fallbrook, California, home, apparently the victims of accidental carbon monoxide poisoning from their fireplace that had been recently lit. The flue was closed, which trapped the carbon monoxide gas inside the house, suffocating them.[35] Several hours after his wife notified him of his parents' death, Yankovic went on with his concert in Mankato, Minnesota,[40] saying that "since my music had helped many of my fans through tough times, maybe it would work for me as well" and that it would "at least ... give me a break from sobbing all the time." Although Yankovic played the concert as planned, a scheduled meet and greet following the concert was canceled.[41][42]
Music career[link]
Main article: List of songs by "Weird Al" Yankovic
While Yankovic's song parodies (such as "Eat It") have resulted in success on the Billboard charts (see List of singles by "Weird Al" Yankovic), he recorded an equally large number of original humorous songs ("You Don't Love Me Anymore" and "One More Minute").[8] His work depends largely on the satirizing of popular culture, including television (see The TV Album), movies ("The Saga Begins"), food (see The Food Album), popular music ("Bohemian Polka", "Polkarama"), and sometimes issues in contemporary news ("Headline News"). Yankovic claims he has no intention of writing "serious" music. In his reasoning, "There's enough people that do unfunny music. I'll leave the serious stuff to Paris Hilton and Kevin Federline."[43]
Although many of Yankovic's songs are parodies of contemporary radio hits, it is rare that the song's primary topic lampoons the original artist as a person, or the song itself. Most Yankovic songs consist of the original song's music, with a separate, unrelated set of amusing lyrics. Yankovic considered that his first true satirical song was "Smells Like Nirvana", which references unintelligible lyrics in Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit".[44] Other satirical songs include "Achy Breaky Song", which refers to the song "Achy Breaky Heart", "(This Song's Just) Six Words Long", which refers to the repetitious lyrics in "Got My Mind Set on You", the unreleased "It's Still Billy Joel to Me", and Perform This Way", set to Lady Gaga's "Born This Way".
Yankovic's humor normally lies more in creating unexpected incongruity between an artist's image and the topic of the song, contrasting the style of the song with its content (such as the songs "Amish Paradise", "White & Nerdy", and "You're Pitiful"), or in pointing out trends or works which have become pop culture clichés (such as "eBay" and "Don't Download This Song").
Yankovic is the sole writer for all his songs and, for "legal and personal reasons", does not accept parody submissions or ideas from fans.[8] There exists, however, one exception to this rule in the case of "Like a Surgeon". Madonna was reportedly talking with a friend and happened to wonder aloud when Yankovic was going to turn her "Like a Virgin" into "Like a Surgeon". Madonna's friend was a mutual friend of Yankovic's manager, Jay Levey, and eventually Yankovic himself heard the story from Levey.[10]
Unlike other parody artists such as Allan Sherman, Yankovic strives to keep the backing music in his parodies the same as the original. While Sherman reproduced them orchestrally, Yankovic and his band essentially play the original song with new lyrics. Instead of using instrumental versions of the original songs, Yankovic and his band transcribe the original song by ear and re-record the song for Yankovic's parody version.[45] Sometimes artists whose work Yankovic parodies perform on the recordings,i.e. Dire Straits members Mark Knopfler and Guy Fletcher perform on Yankovic's parody of Dire Straits' "Money for Nothing" and "Money for Nothing/Beverly Hillbillies*".
Yankovic also includes a medley of various songs on most albums, each one reinterpreted as a polka, with the choruses or memorable lines of various songs juxtaposed for humorous effect. Yankovic has been known to say that converting these songs to polka was "...the way God intended". Because the polkas have become a staple of Yankovic's albums, he has said he tries to include one on each album because "fans would be rioting in the streets, I think, if I didn't do a polka medley."[46]
Some of Yankovic's original songs are "style parodies" for which he chooses a band's entire body of work to honor/parody, rather than any single hit by that band. Such bands include Rage Against the Machine with "I'll Sue Ya" (which features many aspects of the hit song "Killing in the Name"), Devo with "Dare to Be Stupid", Talking Heads with "Dog Eat Dog", Frank Zappa with "Genius in France", Nine Inch Nails with "Germs", and Queen with "Ringtone".[47] Others are style parodies in the style of a genre of music, rather than a specific band (for example, country music with "Good Enough For Now" and charity records with "Don't Download This Song").
Yankovic has contributed original songs to several films ("This Is the Life" from Johnny Dangerously; "Polkamon" from the movie Pokémon: The Movie 2000, and a parody of the James Bond title sequence in Spy Hard), in addition to his own film, UHF. Other songs of his have appeared in films or television series as well, such as "Dare to Be Stupid" in The Transformers: The Movie.
One of Yankovic's recurring jokes involves the number 27. It is mentioned in the lyrics of several songs, and seen on the covers for Running With Scissors, Poodle Hat[48] and Straight Outta Lynwood. He had originally just pulled the number 27 as a random figure to use in filling out lyrics, but as his fans started to notice the reuse of the number after the first few times, he began to purposely drop references to 27 within his lyrics, videos, and album covers. He explains that "It's just a number I started using that people started attaching a lot of importance to."[49] Other recurring jokes revolve around the names Bob (the Al TV interviews often mention the name,[50] and a song called "Bob" is featured on Poodle Hat), Frank (e.g. "Frank's 2000" TV"), and the surname "Finkelstein" (e.g. the music video for "I Lost on Jeopardy", or Fran Drescher's character, Pamela Finkelstein, in UHF). Also, a hamster called Harvey the Wonder Hamster is a recurring character in The Weird Al Show and the Al TV specials, as well as the subject of an original song on Alapalooza. Other recurring jokes include Yankovic borrowing, or being owed, $5. In a number of Al TV interviews, he often asks if he can borrow $5, being turned down every time. This motif also occurs in "Why Does This Always Happen to Me?", in which his deceased friend owes him $5. Another recurring joke is his attraction to female nostrils or nostrils in general. This also appears in numerous Al TV interviews as well as in several of his songs ("Albuquerque" and "Wanna B Ur Lovr" to name a few.) Yankovic also asks his celebrity guests if they could "shave his back for a nickel." This also appears in the song "Albuquerque". Yankovic has also put two backmasking messages into his songs. The first, in "Nature Trail to Hell", said "Satan Eats Cheez Whiz"; the second, in "I Remember Larry", said "Wow, you must have an awful lot of free time on your hands."[51]
Yankovic's career in novelty and comedy music has outlasted many of his "mainstream" parody targets, such as Toni Basil, MC Hammer, and Men Without Hats.[52][53] Yankovic's continued success (including the top 10 single "White & Nerdy" and album Straight Outta Lynwood in 2006) has enabled him to escape the one-hit wonder stigma often associated with novelty music.[54]
Music videos[link]
While Yankovic's musical parodies generally do not include references to the songs or the artists of the original songs, Yankovic's music videos will sometimes parody the original song's music video in whole or in part. Most notably, the video for "Smells Like Nirvana" uses an extremely similar set to Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit", including using several of the same actors. This video contended with "Smells like Teen Spirit" at the 1992 MTV Video Music Awards for Best Male Video. Other videos that draw directly from those of the original song include "Eat It", "Fat", "Money for Nothing/Beverly Hillbillies*", "Bedrock Anthem", "Headline News", "It's All about the Pentiums", "Amish Paradise", "Like a Surgeon", and "White & Nerdy". The video for "Dare to Be Stupid" is, as stated by Yankovic, a style parody in general of Devo videos.[55]
Several videos have included appearances by notable celebrities in addition to Yankovic and his band. Dr. Demento appeared in several of Yankovic's earlier videos, such as "I Love Rocky Road" and "Ricky". Actor Dick Van Patten is featured in both "Smells Like Nirvana" and "Bedrock Anthem"; Drew Carey, Emo Philips and Phil LaMarr appeared in "It's All About the Pentiums"; Keegan-Michael Key, Jordan Peele, Donny Osmond, Judy Tenuta and Seth Green appeared in "White & Nerdy"; and Ruth Buzzi and Pat Boone appeared in "Gump". The video for "I Lost on Jeopardy" includes an appearance by Greg Kihn, the artist whose song, "Jeopardy", was being parodied, along with Don Pardo and Art Fleming, Jeopardy's original announcer and host, as themselves. Florence Henderson played Yankovic's Amish wife in "Amish Paradise".
While most videos that Yankovic creates are aired on music channels such as MTV and VH1, Yankovic worked with animation artists to create music videos for release with extended content albums. The DualDisc version of Straight Outta Lynwood features six videos set to songs from the release, including videos created by Bill Plympton and John Kricfalusi; one video, "Weasel Stomping Day" was created by the producers of the show Robot Chicken, and aired as a segment of that program. As of fall 2010, Yankovic is again collaborating with Bill Plympton to create a video for a new song ("TMZ") which will appear on his upcoming album.[30]
Reactions from original artists[link]
Under the "fair use" provision of U.S. copyright law, affirmed by the United States Supreme Court, one does not need permission to record a parody.[56] However, as a personal rule, and as a means of maintaining good relationships within the music community, Yankovic has always requested permission from the original artist before recording his parodies.[8] He claims that only about two to three percent of the artists he approaches for parody permission deny his requests.[57] Also, according to Stanford Libraries, fair use is unlikely to justify a parody song that parodies more than a few lines of song lyrics from an existing song.[58]
Positive[link]
Michael Jackson was a big fan of Yankovic, and Yankovic claimed Jackson "had always been very supportive" of his work.[57] Jackson twice allowed him to parody his songs ("Beat It" and "Bad" became "Eat It" and "Fat", respectively). When Jackson granted Yankovic permission to do "Fat", Jackson allowed him to use the same set built for his own "Badder" video from the Moonwalker video. Though Jackson allowed "Eat It" and "Fat", he requested that Yankovic not record a parody of "Black or White", titled "Snack All Night", because he felt the message was too important. This refusal, coming shortly after the commercial failure of Yankovic's movie UHF in theaters, had initially set Yankovic back; he later recognized this as a critical time, as in searching for new parodies, he came across Nirvana and leading to a revitalization of his career with "Smells Like Nirvana".[57] Yankovic has performed a concert-only parody "Snack All Night" in some of his live shows.[25] Yankovic had a cameo appearance, along with many other celebrities, in Jackson's music video for "Liberian Girl".
Dave Grohl of Nirvana said that the band felt they had "made it" after Yankovic recorded "Smells Like Nirvana", a parody of the grunge band's smash hit, "Smells Like Teen Spirit".[8] On his Behind the Music special, Yankovic stated that when he called Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain to ask if he could parody the song, Cobain gave him permission, then paused and asked, "Um... it's not gonna be about food, is it?" Yankovic responded with, "No, it'll be about how no one can understand your lyrics." According to members of Nirvana interviewed for Behind the Music, when they saw the video of the song, they laughed hysterically. Additionally, Cobain described Yankovic as "a musical genius".[59]
Mark Knopfler approved Yankovic's parody of the Dire Straits song "Money for Nothing" for use in the film UHF on the provision that Knopfler himself be allowed to play lead guitar on the parody which was later titled "Money for Nothing/Beverly Hillbillies*".[60] Yankovic commented on the legal complications of the parody in the DVD audio commentary for UHF, explaining "We had to name that song 'Money for Nothing 'slash' Beverly Hillbillies 'asterisk' because the lawyers told us that had to be the name. Those wacky lawyers! What ya gonna do?"[61] The Permanent Record: Al in the Box booklet referred to the song's "compound fracture of a title."[10] When a fan asked about the song's title, Yankovic shared his feelings on the title, replying "That incredibly stupid name is what the lawyers insisted that the parody be listed as. I'm not sure why, and I've obviously never been very happy about it."[62]
The Presidents of the United States of America were so pleased with "Gump", Yankovic's parody of their song "Lump", that they ended the song with his last line instead of their own ("And that's all I have to say about that") on the live recording of "Lump" featured on the compilation album Pure Frosting. In 2008, Yankovic directed the music video for their song "Mixed Up S.O.B."
Don McLean was reportedly pleased with "The Saga Begins", a parody of "American Pie", and told Yankovic that the parody's lyrics sometimes enter his mind during live performances.[63] His parody not only replicates the music from the original Don McLean song, but it replicates the multi-layered rhyming structure in the verses and chorus. Additionally, George Lucas loved the song and a Lucasfilm representative told Yankovic, "You should have seen the smile on his face."[64]
Chamillionaire was also very pleased, even putting Yankovic's parody "White & Nerdy" (a parody of "Ridin'") on his official MySpace page before it was on Yankovic's own page. Chamillionaire stated in an interview, "He's actually rapping pretty good on it, it's crazy [...] I didn't know he could rap like that. It's really an honor when he does that. [...] Weird Al is not gonna do a parody of your song if you're not doing it big."[65] In September 2007, Chamillionaire credited "White & Nerdy" for his recent Grammy win, stating "That parody was the reason I won the Grammy, because it made the record so big it was undeniable. It was so big overseas that people were telling me they had heard my version of Weird Al's song."[66]
In 2011, Yankovic was initially denied permission to parody Lady Gaga's "Born This Way" for his song "Perform This Way" for release on a new album, but through his release of the song on YouTube and subsequent spread via Twitter, Lady Gaga and her staff asserted that her manager had made the decision without her input, and Gaga herself gave Yankovic permission to proceed with the parody's release.[57][67] Gaga considered herself "a huge Weird Al fan",[68] and she stated that the parody was a "rite of passage" for her musical career and considered the song "very empowering".[69]
Negative[link]
One of Yankovic's most controversial parodies was 1996's "Amish Paradise", based on "Gangsta's Paradise" by hip-hop artist Coolio, which, in turn, was based on "Pastime Paradise" by Stevie Wonder. Reportedly, Coolio's label gave Yankovic the impression that Coolio had granted permission to record the parody, but Coolio maintains that he never did. While Coolio claimed he was upset, legal action never materialized, and Coolio accepted royalty payments for the song. After this controversy, Yankovic has always made sure to speak directly with the artist of every song he parodied. At the XM Satellite Radio booth at the 2006 Consumer Electronics Show Yankovic and Coolio made peace. On his website, Yankovic wrote of this event, "I don’t remember what we said to each other exactly, but it was all very friendly. I doubt I’ll be invited to Coolio’s next birthday party, but at least I can stop wearing that bulletproof vest to the mall."[70]
In 2003, Yankovic was denied permission to make a video for "Couch Potato", his parody of Eminem's "Lose Yourself":
Last year, Eminem forced me to halt production on the video for my 'Lose Yourself' parody because he somehow thought that it would be harmful to his image or career.[71]
For the Poodle Hat Al TV special, Yankovic raised the question of artistic expression in a fake interview with Eminem. As Yankovic has always done for his Al TV specials, he edited the footage of a previous Eminem interview and inserted himself asking questions for comic effect.[72]
Refused parodies[link]
On numerous occasions, Prince has refused Yankovic permission to record parodies of his songs. Yankovic has stated in interviews that he has "approached him every few years [to] see if he's lightened up."[73] Yankovic related one story where, prior to the American Music Awards where he and Prince were assigned to sit in the same row, he got a telegram from Prince's lawyers, demanding he not make eye contact with the artist.[57]
Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page is a self-proclaimed Yankovic fan, but when Yankovic wished to create a polka medley of Led Zeppelin songs, Page refused.[74] Yankovic was, however, allowed the very rare opportunity to re-record a sample of "Black Dog" for a segment of "Trapped in the Drive-Thru".[75]
Paul McCartney, also a Yankovic fan, refused Yankovic permission to record a parody of Wings' "Live and Let Die", titled "Chicken Pot Pie", because McCartney is a vegetarian and found the parody to be in bad taste.[76]
In 2006, Yankovic gained James Blunt's permission to record a parody of "You're Beautiful". However, after Yankovic had recorded "You're Pitiful", Blunt's label, Atlantic Records, rescinded this permission, despite Blunt's personal approval of the song.[57] The parody was pulled from Yankovic's Straight Outta Lynwood due to his label's unwillingness to "go to war" with Atlantic. Yankovic released the song as a free download on his MySpace profile, as well as his official website, and plays it in concert, since it was not Blunt himself objecting to the parody.[77]
Live performances[link]
Yankovic often describes his live concert performances as "a rock and comedy multimedia extravaganza"[78] with an audience that "ranges from toddlers to geriatrics."[43] Apart from Yankovic and his band performing his classic and contemporary hits, staples of Yankovic's live performances include a medley of parodies, many costume changes between songs, and a video screen on which various clips are played during the costume changes.[78] A concert from Yankovic's 1999 tour for the Running with Scissors album ("Touring with Scissors") was released on VHS in 1999 and on DVD in 2000.[5] Titled "Weird Al" Yankovic Live!, the concert was recorded at the Marin County Civic Center in San Rafael, California, on October 2, 1999.[79] For legal reasons, video clips (apart from those for Yankovic's own music videos) could not be shown for the home release, and unreleased parodies were removed from the parody medley for the performance.[80]
2003 saw Yankovic on tour overseas for the first time. Before 2003, Yankovic and his band had toured only the United States and parts of Canada.[7] Following the success of Poodle Hat in Australia, Yankovic performed eleven shows in Australia's major capital cities and regional areas in October of that year.[81] Yankovic returned to Australia and toured New Zealand for the first time in 2007 to support the Straight Outta Lynwood album. On September 8, 2007, Yankovic performed his 1,000th live show at Idaho Falls, Idaho.[7]
He performed his first ever European mini-tour, including an appearance at the All Tomorrow's Parties music festival in Minehead, England in December 2010. Yankovic was picked to perform by the Canadian band Godspeed You Black Emperor who curated the festival's lineup. Yankovic played three other dates in the UK around his festival appearance before performing a single date in the Netherlands.[citation needed]
Other work[link]
[edit] UHF
Main article: UHF (film)
In 1989, Yankovic starred in a full-length feature film, co-written by himself and manager Jay Levey, and filmed in Tulsa, Oklahoma called UHF. A satire of the television and film industries, also starring Michael Richards, Fran Drescher, and Victoria Jackson, it brought floundering studio Orion their highest test scores since the movie RoboCop.[82] However, it was unsuccessful in theaters.[citation needed]
The film has since become a cult classic, with out-of-print copies of the VHS version selling for up to $100 on eBay until the release of the DVD in 2002.[citation needed] Yankovic occasionally shows clips from the film at his concerts (to which MGM, the film's current owner, initially objected in the form of a cease and desist letter).[83] In an apparent attempt to make it more accessible to overseas audiences, where the term UHF is used less frequently to describe TV broadcasts, the film was titled The Vidiot From UHF in Australia and parts of Europe.[84]
UHF shows the creation of Yankovic's signature food—the Twinkie Wiener Sandwich. The snack consists of an overturned Twinkie split open as a makeshift bun, a hot dog, and Easy Cheese put together and dipped in milk before eating. Yankovic has stated that he has switched to using tofu hot dogs since becoming a vegetarian, but still enjoys the occasional Twinkie Wiener Sandwich.[85]
Notable television appearances[link]
Yankovic had a TV series called The Weird Al Show, which aired from September 1997 to December 1997 on CBS. Though the show appeared to be geared at children, the humor was really more for his adult fans (as such, it is often compared to Pee-wee's Playhouse). The entire series was released on DVD by Shout! Factory on August 15, 2006.
Yankovic has hosted Al TV on MTV and Al Music on MuchMusic many times, generally coinciding with the release of each new album. For Poodle Hat, Al TV appeared on VH1 for the first time. A recurring segment of Al TV involves Yankovic manipulating interviews for comic effect. He inserts himself into a previously conducted interview with a musician, and then manipulates his questions, resulting in bizarre and comic responses from the celebrity.
VH1 produced a Behind the Music episode on Yankovic. His two commercial failures (his film UHF and his 1986 album Polka Party!) were presented as having a larger impact on the direction of his career than they really had. Also, Coolio's later disapproval of "Amish Paradise" was played up as a large feud. Much was also made over his apparent lack of a love life, though he got married shortly after the program aired. The episode was updated and re-released in early 2012 as part of the "Behind the Music Remastered" series.
Yankovic has done voice-overs for a number of animated series. He appeared in a 2003 episode of The Simpsons, singing "The Ballad of Homer & Marge" (a parody of John Mellencamp's "Jack and Diane") with his band. The episode, "Three Gays of the Condo", in which Marge hires Yankovic to sing the aforementioned song to Homer in an attempt to reconcile their marriage, later won an Emmy Award for "Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming Less Than One Hour)". Yankovic also had a cameo in a 2008 episode, titled "That '90s Show", during which he records a parody of Homer's grunge hit "Shave Me" titled "Brain Freeze" (Homer's song, "Shave Me", was itself a parody of Nirvana's "Rape Me") making Yankovic one of only a handful of celebrities to appear twice on the show playing themselves. He appeared in the animated Adult Swim show Robot Chicken, which provided him with a music video for the song "Weasel Stomping Day".[86][87] Yankovic is the voice for Squid Hat on the Cartoon Network show, The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy. He is also the announcer of the cartoon's eponymous video game adaptation. Yankovic had a guest appearance voicing Wreck-Gar, a waste collection vehicle Transformer in the Transformers: Animated cartoon series;[88] previously, Yankovic's "Dare to Be Stupid" song was featured in the 1986 animated film The Transformers: The Movie, during the sequence in which the Wreck-Gar character was first introduced; as such, the song is referenced in the episode. He also plays local TV talent show host Uncle Muscles on several episodes of Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job along with other appearances on the show. Weird Al has also supplied the voice of one-shot character 'Petroleum Joe' on The Brak Show. He also voiced himself on a Back at the Barnyard episode, and he appeared as a ringmaster who helps the regular characters of Yo Gabba Gabba organize a circus in a 2007 episode of the children's show. In 2012, Al was extensively featured in the sixth season episode of 30 Rock called "Kidnapped by Danger", where Jenna tries to come up with a "Weird Al-proof" song.[89]
An exhaustive list of television shows on which Yankovic has appeared is available on his official website.[90]
Directing career[link]
"Weird Al" Yankovic has directed many of his own music videos; he has directed all of his music videos from 1993’s "Bedrock Anthem" to 2006’s "White & Nerdy". He also directed the end sequence of 1986’s "Christmas at Ground Zero" (an original piece juxtaposing Christmas with nuclear warfare) from his Polka Party! album and the title sequence to Spy Hard, for which he sang the title song.[91] Yankovic wrote, directed and starred in the short 3-D movie attraction "Al's Brain: A 3-D Journey Through The Human Brain", which premiered at the Orange County Fair in Costa Mesa, California in 2009.[92] The $2.5 million project sponsored by the Orange County Fair, including a brief cameo by Sir Paul McCartney that Yankovic directed during McCartney's tour at the 2009 Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival.[93] Fair CEO Steve Beazley, who supported the project, considers the project a success and is considering leasing the exhibit to other fairs; the second appearance of the exhibit will be at the Puyallup Fair in Washington.[94]
In addition to his own, he has directed several videos for Hanson (the Titanic sequences in "River"), The Black Crowes ("Only a Fool"), Ben Folds ("Rockin' the Suburbs"), Jeff Foxworthy ("Redneck Stomp" and "Party All Night"), Blues Explosion ("Wail"), and The Presidents of the United States of America ("Mixed Up S.O.B").[91] He has cameo appearances in his videos for Blues Explosion, Hanson (as the interviewer), and Ben Folds (as the producer fixing Folds' "shitty tracks").
Cartoon Network feature film[link]
On January 25, 2010, Yankovic announced that he signed a production deal with Warner Bros. and is set to write and direct a live-action feature film.[95] Although Yankovic previously wrote the script for UHF, this was to be the first movie Yankovic directed.[95] Little is currently known about the movie. However, Yankovic did state that he would not be starring in the movie, as Cartoon Network wanted a younger protagonist. During an interview on the Comedy Death-Ray Radio, Yankovic revealed that though Cartoon Network "loved" his script, the network decided that they were no longer intending to produce feature films. Yankovic stated that he would instead shop the script around to other potential studios.[96]
Writing[link]
Yankovic wrote When I Grow Up (ISBN 978-0-06-192691-4), a children's book released on February 1, 2011 and published by HarperCollins.[97] The book features 8-year-old Billy presenting to his class the wide variety of imaginative career possibilities that he is considering. Yankovic stated that the idea for the book was based on his own "circuitous" career path.[98] The book allows Yankovic to apply the humorous writing style found in his music in another medium, allowing him to use puns and rhymes.[98] Yankovic worked with Harper Collins' editor Anne Hoppe—the first time that Yankovic has had an editor—and found her help as a positive experience.[98] The book is illustrated by Wes Hargis, who, according to Yankovic, has a "a childlike quality and a very fun quality and a very imaginative quality" that matched well with Yankovic's writing.[98] The book reached the #4 position on The New York Times Best Seller list for Children's Picture Books for the week of February 20, 2011.[99]
Other media[link]
Yankovic competed on a week of Wheel of Fortune taped at Disney's Hollywood Studios in March 1994.[100] He also competed on Rock & Roll Jeopardy!
In 2008, Weird Al joined Michael J. Nelson as a guest on the RiffTrax treatment of Jurassic Park.
On November 10, 2009, Weird Al was a guest "internet scientist" on Rocketboom's "Know Your Meme" video series, in the installment on the topic of Autotune, hosted by Jamie Wilkinson.
Eric Appel produced a Funny or Die movie trailer for "Weird: The Al Yankovic Story", a fictional biographical film that parodies other films based on musicians; Yankovic (played by Aaron Paul) is seen hiding his "weirdness" from his parents (Gary Cole and Mary Steenburgen), making it big using song parodies with the help of Dr. Demento (Patton Oswalt), falling in and out of love with Madonna (Olivia Wilde), and fading into alcoholism and being arrested, where his father finally admits he is "weird" as well. Yankovic himself plays a music producer in the short.[29][101][102][103]
Weird Al joined the band Hanson in their music video for "Thinking Bout Somethin" in which he plays the tambourine.
Yankovic contributes backing vocals for the song "Time" on Ben Folds' album Songs for Silverman.
Yankovic also appeared in the recent Halloween II as himself on a news channel.
Yankovic was also one of many celebrities who took part in the NOH8 Campaign against Proposition 8 banning same-sex marriage in California.[104]
Yankovic was approached by a beer company to endorse their product. Yankovic had turned it down because he believed that "a lot of my fans were young and impressionable." [105] Yankovic later posted on his Twitter account that he never regretted the decision.[106]
In 2011, Yankovic guest starred as the character "Banana Man" in an episode of Adventure Time. The same year, he appeared as himself in the How I Met Your Mother episode "Noretta".
Misattribution and imitators[link]
Songs posted to file sharing networks are often misattributed to him due to their humorous subject matter. Often, his surname is misspelled (and thus mispronounced) as "Yankovich", among other variations. Much to the disdain of Yankovic, these misattributed files include songs that are racist, sexually explicit, or otherwise offensive. A young listener who had heard several of these offensive tracks by way of a file sharing service confronted Yankovic online, threatening a boycott due to his supposedly explicit lyrics.[107] Quite a few of the songs, such as "Star Wars Cantina" by the pre-Lounge Against the Machine Mark Jonathan Davis, "Star Wars Gangsta Rap", "Yoda Smokes Weed", "Chewbacca" and several more have a Star Wars motif.[108] Some songs misattributed to him are not songs, but spoken skits, such as "Sesame Street on crack", which is also widely misattributed to Adam Sandler.
Yankovic cites these misattributions as "his only real beef with peer-to-peer file sharing sites":
If you do a search for my name on any one of those sites, I guarantee you that about half of the songs that come up will be songs I had absolutely nothing to do with. That particularly bothers me, because I really try to do quality work, and I also try to maintain a more-or-less family-friendly image—and some of these songs that are supposedly by me are just, well, vulgar and awful. I truly think my reputation has suffered in a lot of people's minds because of all those fake Weird Al songs floating around the Internet.[109]
A list of songs frequently misattributed to Yankovic can be found at The Not Al Page[110] and a list of all commercially released songs recorded by Yankovic can be found on his website.[111]
In an episode of HBO's "Mr. Show with Bob and David" called Rudy Will Await Your Foundation, Bob Odenkirk plays a character called Daffy "Mal" Yinkleyankle, a parody of Weird Al. Al, who claims it was the only genuine parody act on himself he has ever seen, told Odenkirk over e-mail that he was "flattered, in a weird way" and "found it very funny".[112][113]
Fan-driven campaigns[link]
The Weird Al Star Fund is a campaign started by Yankovic's fans to get him a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Their mission is to "solicit, collect, and raise the necessary money, and to compile the information needed for the application to nominate "Weird Al" Yankovic for a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame."[114] Fans worldwide have sent donations to raise the US$15,000 needed for a nomination. In addition to the preferred method of cash donations, many methods were used to raise money for the cause, such as a live benefit show held April 11, 2006, and selling merchandise on the official website and eBay, including T-shirts, calendars, and cookbooks.[115] On May 26, 2006, the campaign hit the then-$15,000 target, just five days before the May 31 deadline to submit the necessary paperwork.[114] However, Yankovic was not included on the list of inductees for 2007.[116] On February 9, 2007, the Hollywood Chamber Of Commerce raised the price to sponsor a new star to $25,000[114] and as such the Fund is accepting donations again. Yankovic's application was resubmitted for consideration in 2007, but he was not included among 2008's inductees.[117]
Similar to the Weird Al Star Fund, a second fan-driven campaign called "Make the Rock Hall 'Weird'" has tried to enshrine him into Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland, Ohio, for which he has been eligible since 2004.[118] Previous attempts to raise awareness for the campaign and support Yankovic's nomination included a petition drive from 2006 to 2007, which raised over 9000 signatures; an art competition in 2005; additionally, a documentary film about the campaign is currently being developed.[119][120] In addition to these efforts, an ongoing campaign is underway in which supporters of Yankovic's nomination are requested to send "sincere, thoughtful" letters to the Rock Hall Foundation's headquarters in New York.[120] The Hall has not considered Yankovic for nomination since the campaign started in 2004.[118] A 2009 Rolling Stone poll named Weird Al as the top artist that should be nominated for the Hall of Fame, followed by Rush and The Moody Blues in the top ten."[121]
There is a petition on the Internet to have Weird Al perform at the Super Bowl XLVII half time show. It currently has over 5,000 signatures.[122]
Discography[link]
Main articles: "Weird Al" Yankovic discography and List of songs by "Weird Al" Yankovic
Studio albums[link]
| Title | Release year |
Peak chart position | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US [123] |
Billboard Comedy Album [123] |
|||||
| "Weird Al" Yankovic | 1983 | 139 | — | |||
| "Weird Al" Yankovic in 3-D | 1984 | 17 | — | |||
| Dare to Be Stupid | 1985 | 50 | — | |||
| Polka Party! | 1986 | 177 | — | |||
| Even Worse | 1988 | 27 | — | |||
| UHF – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack and Other Stuff | 1989 | 146 | — | |||
| Off the Deep End | 1992 | 17 | — | |||
| Alapalooza | 1993 | 46 | — | |||
| Bad Hair Day | 1996 | 14 | — | |||
| Running with Scissors | 1999 | 16 | — | |||
| Poodle Hat | 2003 | 17 | 11 | |||
| Straight Outta Lynwood | 2006 | 10 | 1 | |||
| Alpocalypse | 2011 | 9 | 1 | |||
Note: Billboard Comedy Album chart was first published in November, 2004.
EPs[link]
| Title | Release year |
|---|---|
| Another One Rides the Bus | 1981 |
| Selections from Straight Outta Lynwood | 2006 |
| Internet Leaks | 2009 |
Compilation albums[link]
| Title | Release year |
|---|---|
| Greatest Hits | 1988 |
| The Food Album | 1993 |
| Permanent Record: Al in the Box | 1994 |
| Greatest Hits (Volume II) | 1994 |
| The TV Album | 1995 |
| The Essential "Weird Al" Yankovic | 2009 |
Awards and nominations[link]
Grammy Awards[124]
| Year | Nominated work | Award | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1984 | "Eat It" | Best Comedy Recording | Won |
| 1985 | Dare to Be Stupid | Best Comedy Recording | Nominated |
| 1987 | Polka Party! | Best Comedy Recording | Nominated |
| 1988 | "Fat" | Best Concept Music Video | Won |
| Even Worse | Best Comedy Recording | Nominated | |
| Peter and the Wolf | Best Recording for Children | Nominated | |
| 1992 | Off the Deep End | Best Comedy Album | Nominated |
| 1994 | "Jurassic Park" | Best Short Form Music Video | Nominated |
| 2003 | Poodle Hat | Best Comedy Album | Won |
| 2006 | Straight Outta Lynwood | Best Surround Sound Album | Nominated |
| Best Comedy Album | Nominated | ||
| 2009 | Internet Leaks | Best Comedy Album | Nominated |
| 2011 | Alpocalypse | Best Comedy Album | Nominated |
| "Perform This Way" | Best Short Form Music Video | Nominated |
Gold and platinum records[124][125]
| Recording | Gold | Platinum | Double Platinum |
|---|---|---|---|
| "Weird Al" Yankovic | U.S. | ||
| "Weird Al" Yankovic in 3-D | Canada U.S. |
U.S. |
|
| "Eat It"1 | Australia Canada U.S. |
||
| Dare to be Stupid | U.S. | U.S. | |
| Even Worse | Canada U.S. |
U.S. |
|
| "Weird Al" Yankovic's Greatest Hits | Canada | ||
| Off the Deep End | Canada U.S. |
Canada U.S. |
|
| The Food Album | U.S. | ||
| Alapalooza | Canada U.S. |
Canada |
Canada |
| Greatest Hits Volume II | Canada | ||
| Bad Hair Day | Canada U.S. |
Canada U.S. |
|
| Running With Scissors | Australia Canada U.S. |
U.S. |
|
| Straight Outta Lynwood | U.S. | ||
| "White & Nerdy"2 | U.S. | U.S. |
^1 The "Eat It" single reached the #1 position on the Australian singles chart in 1984.
^2 The "White & Nerdy" single was certified platinum for digital downloads and gold for ringtone downloads in the U.S.
Videography[link]
The following is a comprehensive list of Yankovic's long form videos to date, with the United States release date.
| Video title | Release date |
|---|---|
| The Compleat Al | August 1985 |
| UHF | July 21, 1989 |
| The "Weird Al" Yankovic Video Library | May 1992 |
| Alapalooza: The Videos | December 1993 |
| "Weird Al" Yankovic: The Ultimate Collection | 1993 |
| Bad Hair Day: The Videos | June 1996 |
| "Weird Al" Yankovic: The Videos | January 1998 |
| "Weird Al" Yankovic Live! | November 23, 1999 |
| "Weird Al" Yankovic: The Ultimate Video Collection | November 3, 2003 |
| The Weird Al Show - The Complete Series | August 15, 2006 |
| "Weird Al" Yankovic Live! - The Alpocalypse Tour | October 4, 2011 |
| Alpocalypse HD | November 8, 2011 |
Awards and nominations[link]
Grammy Award winners[126]
|
Grammy Award nominees
|
| Australian gold long form videos[124] |
| U.S. gold long form videos[124][125] |
U.S. platinum long form videos[124][125]
|
Cameos and special appearances in film[link]
- 1988: Tapeheads
- 1988: The Naked Gun: From the Files of Police Squad!
- 1991: The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear
- 1994: Naked Gun 33⅓: The Final Insult
- 1996: Spy Hard
- 1997: Safety Patrol
- 2000: Nothing Sacred
- 2002: Desperation Boulevard
- 2003: Haunted Lighthouse
- 2008: Nerdcore Rising
- 2009: Halloween II
References[link]
- ^ a b Ankeny, Jason. "Weird Al Yankovic, Biography". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/music/artist/yankovic_weird_al/artist.jhtml#biographyEnd.
- ^ "Weird Al" Yankovic Frequently Asked Questions Archived 17 January 2010 at WebCite
- ^ Harrington, Richard (August 10, 2007). "Weird Al's Imitation: A Funky Form of Flattery". Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 2, 2009. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/09/AR2007080900305.html. Retrieved August 10, 2007.
- ^ "Weird Al Yankovic's latest send-ups on The Catch-up". http://ninemsn.video.msn.com/v/en-au/v.htm?f=39&g=b738d4f6-1921-4e6f-9836-1ce2b2b0850c&p=autvshows_authecatchup&t=m2556&mediaid=77139. Retrieved March 14, 2007. [dead link]
- ^ a b ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Catalog". Archived from the original on October 2, 2009. http://www.weirdal.com/catalog.htm. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Biographies". Archived from the original on 10 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061110025903/http://weirdal.com/bio.htm. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
- ^ a b c d ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Live Performances". Archived from the original on 13 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061113132038/http://weirdal.com/livepage.htm. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Frequently Asked Questions". Archived from the original on 09 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061109100833/http://www.weirdal.com/faq.htm. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
Al's grandparents on his father's side were Yugoslavian.
- ^ a b c SPIN Media LLC (1985). SPIN. SPIN Media LLC. p. 48. ISSN 08863032. http://books.google.com/?id=TZaFMCee5HQC&pg=PA48.
It is of no minor coincidence that his parents are of Yugoslavian lineage and it so happens that Frankie Yankovic (no relation), known as the polka king and one of the best accordionists in the country, also happens to be a Yugoslav. A little chauvinism here.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Demento, Dr. (September 27, 1994). Liner notes, Permanent Record. Scotti Bros.. ISBN B00000I029. http://php.indiana.edu/~jbmorris/FAQ/al.booklet.
- ^ "Autopsy confirms Yankovic parents died from carbon monoxide poisoning". San Diego Union Tribune. April 12, 2004. Archived from the original on April 3, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1238721718415022. Retrieved March 7, 2009.
- ^ "Permanent Record: Al In The Box". http://php.indiana.edu/~jbmorris/FAQ/al.booklet. Retrieved August 24, 2006.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic on MySpace". Archived from the original on 02 December 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061202004114/http://www.myspace.com/weirdal. Retrieved April 2, 2007.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic interview by Spoonman on Triple M Australia". http://podcasts.triplem.com.au/audio/20070307_spoon_best_weirdalredux.mp3. Retrieved April 2, 2007.
- ^ "Midnight Star "Ask Al" Q&As for April 1994". Archived from the original on 29 March 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070329025047/http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm#090604. Retrieved April 2, 2007.
- ^ "Dr. Demento Marks 30 Years Of Funny Music". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/news/dr-demento-marks-30-years-of-funny-music-1314866.story#/news/dr-demento-marks-30-years-of-funny-music-1314866.story.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Rare Items: UNLABELED TAPE". Archived from the original on April 3, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1238721723796702. Retrieved August 24, 2006.
- ^ "The clown prince of song parodies.", The Star-Ledger, August 10, 2007. p14.
- ^ "Eat It - Weird Al Yankovic". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com//song/weird-al-yankovic/eat-it/1401850#//song/weird-al-yankovic/eat-it/1401850.
- ^ "White and Nerdy". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com//song/weird-al-yankovic/white-nerdy/8321223.
- ^ ""Ask Al" Q&As for November, 1998". Archived from the original on 09 June 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070609200738/http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm#top. Retrieved June 5, 2007.
- ^ "LASIK story and pictures". http://weirdal.com/thelook1.htm.
- ^ "Archive.org for www.weirdal.com/bio.htm for February 8, 2001". Archived from the original on 2001-02-08. http://web.archive.org/web/20010208173222/http://www.weirdal.com/bio.htm. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic MTV Unplugged Promo". Archived from the original on 29 September 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060929075952/http://www.al-oholicsanonymous.com/videos/EatItUnpluggedPromo.wmv. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
- ^ a b ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Concert Set Lists". Archived from the original on 07 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061107164841/http://weirdal.com/setlists.htm. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
- ^ Vreval, Jeff (October 6, 2008). "Weird Al Goes Digital With T.I. Cover". Billboard. Archived from the original on 07 October 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20081007144039/http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003870753. Retrieved October 6, 2008.
- ^ "'Weird Al' Yankovic Releases New Single 'Craigslist' an Homage to the Doors". PR Newswire. June 16, 2009. Archived from the original on June 20, 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090620071251/http://sev.prnewswire.com/entertainment/20090616/NY3313516062009-1.html. Retrieved June 21, 2009.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic - The New Album". YouTube. April 21, 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0YJpwKwinE. Retrieved April 22, 2011.
- ^ a b Richards, Jason (2011-02-03). "Exclusive: 'Weird Al' Yankovic Almost Done With 13th Studio LP". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/exclusive-weird-al-yankovic-almost-done-with-13th-studio-lp-20110203. Retrieved 2011-02-07.
- ^ a b "Idiots & Angels: COED’s Interview With Oscar Nominated Animator Bill Plympton". Archived from the original on 11 October 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20101011210502/http://coedmagazine.com/2010/10/06/idiots-angels-coed%E2%80%99s-interview-with-oscar-nominated-animator-bill-plympton/. Retrieved October 13, 2010.
- ^ Graff, Gary (2010-06-22). "Weird Al May Parody Lady Gaga On Next Album". Billboard. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20100828222609/http://www.billboard.com/news/weird-al-may-parody-lady-gaga-on-next-album-1004099663.story. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
- ^ "The Gaga Saga". Archived from the original on 2011-04-20. http://alyankovic.wordpress.com/the-gaga-saga/. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
- ^ "Gaga Update". Archived from the original on 26 April 2011. http://web.archive.org/web/20110426031039/http://alyankovic.wordpress.com/2011/04/20/gaga-update/. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
- ^ "Past Judges". Independent Music Awards. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. http://web.archive.org/web/20110724134001/http://www.independentmusicawards.com/ima_new/pastjudges.asp. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
- ^ a b Moreland, Jo (April 10, 2004). "Parody star's parents die in Fallbrook". North County Times (San Diego County). http://www.nctimes.com/news/local/article_573af5a0-7061-5e21-803b-554b0c4a09ce.html. Retrieved July 27, 2011.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic: The Ask Al Archive". Archived from the original on August 10, 2009. http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm#0795. Retrieved August 7, 2009.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic: The Ask Al Archive". Weird Al. Archived from the original on 2010-06-12. http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm#0195. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
- ^ "Midnight Star "Ask Al" Q&As for January, 1995". Archived from the original on 2010-06-12. http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm#0195. Retrieved April 4, 2007.
- ^ ""Ask Al" Q&As for May, 2000". Archived from the original on 21 June 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070621200540/http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm#090206. Retrieved June 23, 2007.
- ^ "Fallbrook couple found dead". Archived from the original on 31 December 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061231021313/http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/northcounty/20040410-9999-1mc10ffire.html. Retrieved February 16, 2007.
- ^ "A Message From Al". Archived from the original on 17 July 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060717045340/http://www.weirdal.com/msg.htm. Retrieved August 24, 2006.
- ^ "ESPN Interview with Chuck Klosterman". June 23, 2011. http://espn.go.com/espnradio/play?id=6689521.
- ^ a b "'Weird Al' Yankovic - Parodist promises a high-energy show -- with costume changes". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070930020306/http://hub.lsj.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070702/NOISE02/707040313/1104/HUB. Retrieved July 8, 2007.
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- ^ Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., 510 U.S. 569 (1994)
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- ^ "Stanford Copyright & Fair Use - Summaries of Fair Use Cases". http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter9/9-c.html#5. Retrieved 2010-10-11.
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- ^ Chris Knight. "TheForce.Net - Jedi Council". TheForce.Net. Archived from the original on 22 October 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061022180839/http://www.theforce.net/jedicouncil/interview/weirdal.asp. Retrieved August 24, 2006.
- ^ "MTVNews.com - Mixtape Monday: Lil Wayne, Juelz To Drop Real Album; Ness Drops Da Band". http://www.mtv.com/bands/m/mixtape_monday/091106. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
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- ^ Yankovic, Alfred (April 20, 2011). "The gaga saga". Archived from the original on 2011-04-20. http://alyankovic.wordpress.com/the-gaga-saga. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
- ^ TMZ.com (April 20, 2011). "Lady Gaga – I Didn't Reject Weird Al Yankovic". TMZ.com. http://www.tmz.com/2011/04/20/weird-al-yankovic-lady-gaga-rejected-born-this-way-parody-perform-this-way. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
- ^ "Lady Gaga - Weird Al parody 'empowering'". Rolling Stone. 2011-05-25. http://www.rollingstone.com/videos/new-and-hot/lady-gaga-weird-al-parody-empowering-20110525. Retrieved 2011-06-20.
- ^ ""Ask Al" Q&As for April 27, 2006". Archived from the original on May 20, 2009. http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm#042706. Retrieved September 2, 2006.
- ^ Thomas, Mike (October 16, 2004). "Is the King of Pop losing it?". Chicago Sun-Times (Internet Archive Wayback Machine). Archived from the original on October 16, 2004. http://web.archive.org/web/20041016051807/http://www.suntimes.com/output/entertainment/cst-ftr-jacko14.html. Retrieved December 3, 2010.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic - The Eminem Interview". http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0QOya9-lwQk&feature=channel. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic Interview by Michael Small of Hotwired.com". http://www.al-oholicsanonymous.com/interviews/hotwired.txt. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
- ^ ""Ask Al" Q&As for June, 1999". Archived from the original on 06 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061106023621/http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm. Retrieved October 27, 2006.
- ^ "Weird Al Yankovic Dishes On James Blunt, Discusses His Role As the Whitest, Nerdiest Rock Star Ever". http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2006/09/19/weird-al-yankovic-dishes-on-james-blunt-discusses-his-role-as-the-whitest-nerdiest-rock-star-ever. Retrieved October 27, 2006.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic: The Icon Profile". Archived from the original on 13 March 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070313104627/http://www.al-oholicsanonymous.com/interviews/alicon.html. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
- ^ "Free 'Weird Al' Yankovic!". Archived from the original on 20 August 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060820173526/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5482774. Retrieved August 24, 2006.
- ^ a b "Weird Al Yankovic Interviews on Yahoo! Music". Archived from the original on 2012-02-19. http://music.uk.launch.yahoo.com/read/interview/12027570. Retrieved February 17, 2012.
- ^ "Weird Al Photo Gallery - Backstage "Pep Talk"". Archived from the original on 25 September 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060925044253/http://weirdal.com/100299.htm. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
- ^ ""Ask Al" Q&As for March, 2000". Archived from the original on 06 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061106023621/http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
- ^ ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Poodle Hat 2003/04 tourdates". Archived from the original on 06 December 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061206003731/http://www.weirdal.com/phtour.htm. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
- ^ ""Ask Al" Q&As for May, 1999". Archived from the original on 06 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061106023621/http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm. Retrieved October 28, 2006.
- ^ ""Ask Al" Q&As for May, 2000". Archived from the original on 06 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061106023621/http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm. Retrieved October 26, 2006.
- ^ "UHF (1989)". Archived from the original on 15 October 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061015173637/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0098546/. Retrieved October 26, 2006.
- ^ "Midnight Star "Ask Al" Q&As for October/November, 1995". Archived from the original on 06 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061106023621/http://www.weirdal.com/aaarchive.htm. Retrieved October 26, 2006.
- ^ Weasel Stomping Day (Cartoon Network). Adult Swim. http://video.adultswim.com/robot-chicken/weasel-stomping-day.html.
- ^ Durrett, Mike. ""Weird Al" Yankovic: An Interview About Humor". About.com. http://humor.about.com/od/comediansr/a/weird_al_qa_2.htm. Retrieved April 08, 2012.
- ^ "Cartoon Network To Air Transformers Animated Episode "Garbage In, Garbage Out"--10:30AM". Archived from the original on 31 May 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080531214120/http://www.seibertron.com/transformers/news/cartoon-network-to-air-transformers-animated-episo/13008/. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
- ^ Luippold, Ross (March 24, 2012). "Weird Al's '30 Rock' Parody Song Takes Shot At NBC". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/23/weird-als-30-rock-parody-song-blasts-nbc_n_1375837.html. Retrieved April 08, 2012.
- ^ "Film & TV list". Archived from the original on 11 July 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070711005321/http://weirdal.com/filmtv.htm. Retrieved July 2, 2007.
- ^ a b ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Video Facts". Archived from the original on 10 November 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061110025414/http://weirdal.com/videtc.htm. Retrieved October 26, 2006.
- ^ "Go Into Al's Brain: Yank Blog". Archived from the original on 24 September 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080924164407/http://yankovic.org/blog/2008/07/30/go-into-als-brain/. Retrieved July 31, 2008.
- ^ Sforza, Teri (August 11, 2009). "‘Al’s Brain’ is declared a success, and OC Fair will produce more ‘feature exhibits’". OC Watchdog. Archived from the original on 16 October 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20091016214928/http://taxdollars.freedomblogging.com/2009/08/11/fair-will-produce-more-spectacles-after-polling-shows-affection-for-als-brain/30601/. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
- ^ "Al's Brain Exhibit". Puyallup Fair. Archived from the original on 06 June 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090606193627/http://www.thefair.com/puyallup-fair/things-to-do/weird-al.php. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
- ^ a b "This Thing I’m Doing " AL'S BLOG". Weird Al. 2010-01-25. Archived from the original on 20 June 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20100620070654/http://alyankovic.wordpress.com/2010/01/25/this-thing-im-doing. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
- ^ "Comedy Death-Ray Radio, Episode 53". http://blip.tv/file/3624596. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
- ^ "When I Grow Up". http://www.harpercollinschildrens.com/books/When-Grow-Up/?isbn13=9780061926914&tctid=100.
- ^ a b c d Hoevel, Ann (2011-02-01). "What happened when Weird Al grew up". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2011/LIVING/02/01/weird.al.book/. Retrieved 2011-02-01.
- ^ Schuessler, Jennifer. "Children's Picture Books - Feb. 20, 2011". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/best-sellers-books/2011-02-20/picture-books/list.html. Retrieved 2011-02-12.
- ^ "Archives - OrlandoSentinel.com". Pqasb.pqarchiver.com. 1994-03-01. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/orlandosentinel/access/77962431.html?dids=77962431:77962431&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Mar+01%2C+1994&author=&pub=Orlando+Sentinel&desc=WHEEL+OF+FORTUNE%27+SPINS+INTO+O-TOWN&pqatl=google. Retrieved 2012-04-04.
- ^ Anderson, Kyle (2010-03-24). "'Weird Al' Yankovic Gets The Parody Biopic He Deserves". MTV. http://newsroom.mtv.com/2010/03/24/weird-al-yankovic-movie/. Retrieved 2010-03-24.
- ^ Gross, Doug (2010-03-23). "Geek Out!: Trailer for Weird Al 'biopic' up on Funny or Die". CNN. http://scitech.blogs.cnn.com/2010/03/23/geek-out-trailer-for-weird-al-biopic-up-on-funny-or-die/. Retrieved 2010-03-24.
- ^ Kreps, Daniel (2010-03-24). ""Weird Al" Gets Serious Biopic Treatment Thanks to Funny or Die". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2010/03/24/weird-al-gets-serious-biopic-treatment-thanks-to-funny-or-die/. Retrieved 2010-03-25.
- ^ "Familiar Faces". NOH8 Campaign. 2010-02-01. http://www.noh8campaign.com/photo-gallery/familiar-faces/photo/5622. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
- ^ "Weird Al Yankovic Talks About Beer Endorsement He Turned Down". MOG Campaign. 2010-11-26. http://mog.com/blog_post/content/723/2561640. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
- ^ "Weird Al Yankovic Twitter". http://twitter.com/alyankovic/status/8100855014236160. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
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- ^ "The Not Al Page: The most popular songs he didn't even write (or perform)!". Archived from the original on July 28, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080728111957/http://free.house.cx/~eil/etc/notal_list.html. Retrieved December 2010.
- ^ "Don't not download this song". http://www.itworld.com/060918download. Retrieved September 23, 2006.
- ^ "Internet Archive Wayback Machine". Web.archive.org. 2008-07-28. Archived from the original on 2008-07-28. http://web.archive.org/web/20080728111957/http://free.house.cx/~eil/etc/notal_list.html. Retrieved 2012-04-12.
- ^ "Recording Dates Page". http://www.weirdal.com/rcdgdate.htm. Retrieved December 1, 2006.
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- ^ Rubin, Jeff (September 18, 2006). "My Interview With Weird Al". CollegeHumor. Archived from the original on 2012-02-25. http://www.collegehumor.com/article/105103/weird-al-yankerview. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
- ^ a b c "The Hollywood Walk of Fame Star Campaign for "Weird Al" Yankovic". Archived from the original on 2010-01-17. http://www.weirdalstar.com/. Retrieved March 15, 2007.
- ^ "The Hollywood Walk of Fame Star Campaign for "Weird Al" Yankovic". http://www.weirdalstar.com/tributeshow.html. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
- ^ Gina Serpe. "Damon, Diddy, Ponch Got Star Power". E! Online News. Archived from the original on 2007-06-20. http://www.eonline.com/news/article/index.jsp?uuid=8ce9efb9-2eb5-4f61-85ab-c5c2ffb9d885. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
- ^ "New Stars to Grace Hollywood Walk of Fame". http://www.hollywoodtoday.net/?p=1129. Retrieved July 2, 2007.
- ^ a b "Make the Rock Hall "Weird" - Our Mission". Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080723161416/http://www.allthingsyank.com/rockhall/goal.htm. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
- ^ "Make the Rock Hall "Weird" - FAQ". http://www.allthingsyank.com/rockhall/faq.htm. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
- ^ a b "Make the Rock Hall "Weird" - How You Can Help". http://www.allthingsyank.com/rockhall/what.htm. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
- ^ "Readers' Rock List: Who Should Be Nominated For the Hall of Fame?". Rolling Stone. 2009-09-29. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/daily-blog/blogs/rsstaffblogpost_2011/45550/39509. Retrieved 2011-06-12.
- ^ Petition: The National Football League, Nerds Everywhere: Weird Al Yankovic performs the Super Bowl XLVII Half Time Show. Change.org. Retrieved on 2012-04-30.
- ^ a b "Comedy Album Chart". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com//artist/weird-al-yankovic/chart-history/117443?f=315&g=Comedy.
- ^ a b c d e ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Awards". Archived from the original on 2007-06-20. http://www.weirdal.com/awards.htm. Retrieved December 14, 2006.
- ^ a b c "RIAA Searchable Database". Archived from the original on 2010-01-17. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH. Retrieved August 13, 2007.
- ^ "Grammy Award Winners.". Archived from the original on December 24, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20081224050204/http://www.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/Results.aspx?title=&winner=yankovic&year=0&genreID=0&hp=1. Retrieved December 1, 2006.
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: "Weird Al" Yankovic |
- Official website
- "Weird Al" Yankovic at the Internet Movie Database
- "Weird Al" Yankovic discography at MusicBrainz
- "Weird Al" timeline from Exclaim!
- "Weird Al" Yankovic at the Open Directory Project
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Yankovic, "Weird Al" |
| Alternative names | Alfred Matthew "Weird Al" Yankovic |
| Short description | American musician, satirist, parodist, accordionist, and television producer |
| Date of birth | October 23, 1959 |
| Place of birth | Downey, California |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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| Bugs Bunny | |
|---|---|
| 175px | |
| First appearance | Prototype: Porky's Hare Hunt August 30, 1938 Official: A Wild Hare July 27, 1940 |
| Last appearance | The Looney Tunes Show (2011-present) |
| Created by | Ben Hardaway, (Early version) Tex Avery and Chuck Jones (Official) Bob Clampett, (Final) |
| Voiced by | Mel Blanc (1938–1989) (see below) |
| Information | |
| Nickname(s) | Bugs |
| Species | Rabbit or hare (see below) |
| Gender | Male |
| Significant other(s) | Lola Bunny Honey Bunny |
Bugs Bunny is an American animated character created in 1938 at Leon Schlesinger Productions, later Warner Bros. Cartoons.[1] Bugs is an anthropomorphic gray hare or rabbit and is famous for his flippant, insouciant personality, a pronounced Brooklyn accent, and his portrayal as a trickster. He has primarily appeared in animated cartoons, most notably the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of theatrical short films. His popularity there led to his becoming a corporate mascot of the Warner Bros. company. Bugs has appeared in more films than any other cartoon character and is the ninth most portrayed film personality in the world.[2]
According to Bugs Bunny: 50 Years and Only One Grey Hare, Bugs was born on July 27, 1940 in Brooklyn, New York in a warren under Ebbets Field, home of the Brooklyn Dodgers. In reality, he was created by many animators and staff, including Tex Avery, who directed A Wild Hare, Bugs' debut role, and Robert McKimson, who created the definitive "Bugs Bunny" character design. According to Mel Blanc, the character's original voice actor, Bugs has a Flatbush accent. Bugs has had numerous catchphrases, the most prominent being a casual "Eh... What's up, doc?", usually said while chewing a carrot.
Contents |
History[link]
Bugs' precursor[link]
Main article: Development of Bugs Bunny
File:Bugs Bunny's Evolution.PNG
A depiction of Bugs Bunny's evolution through the years.
A rabbit with some of the personality of Bugs, though looking very different, first appears in the cartoon short Porky's Hare Hunt, released on April 30, 1938. Co-directed by Ben "Bugs" Hardaway and an uncredited Cal Dalton (who was responsible for the initial design of the rabbit), this short has an almost identical plot to Tex Avery's 1937 cartoon Porky's Duck Hunt, which had introduced Daffy Duck. Porky Pig is again cast as a hunter tracking a silly prey less interested in escape than in driving his pursuer insane. The latter short replaces the little black duck with a small white rabbit. The rabbit introduces himself with the odd expression "Jiggers, fellers", and Mel Blanc gave the character a voice and laugh almost like that he would later use for Woody Woodpecker. This cartoon also first uses the famous Groucho Marx line, "Of course you realize, this means war!" This rabbit was so popular with its audience that the Schlesinger staff decided to use it again.
The rabbit appears again in 1939's Prest-O Change-O, directed by Chuck Jones, where he is the pet rabbit of unseen character Sham-Fu the Magician. Two dogs, fleeing the local dogcatcher, enter his absent master's house. The rabbit harasses them, but is ultimately bested by the bigger of the two dogs.
His third appearance is in another 1939 cartoon, Hare-um Scare-um, directed by Dalton and Hardaway. This short, the first where he is depicted as a gray bunny instead of a white one, is also notable for the rabbit's first singing role. Charlie Thorson, lead animator on the short, gave the character a name. He had written "Bugs' Bunny" on the model sheet that he drew for Hardaway.[3][4] In promotional material for the short, including a surviving 1939 presskit, the name on the model sheet was altered to become the rabbit's own name: "Bugs" Bunny (quotation marks only used at the very beginning).[5] In his later years, Mel Blanc stated that a proposed name was "Happy Rabbit."[6] Oddly, "Happy" was only used in reference to Bugs Hardaway. In the cartoon Hare-um Scare-um, a newspaper headline reads, "Happy Hardaway".[7]
In Chuck Jones' Elmer's Candid Camera Happy first meets Elmer Fudd. This rabbit looks more like the present-day Bugs, taller and with a similar face. However, this rabbit, speaks with a rural drawl. The early version of Elmer is also different from the present-day one, much fatter and taller, although Arthur Q. Bryan's voice is the same as it would be later. In Robert Clampett's 1940 Patient Porky, a similar rabbit appears to trick the audience into thinking that 750 rabbits have been born.
Bugs Bunny emerges[link]
File:FirstBugs.jpg
The official debut of Bugs Bunny, in A Wild Hare (1940).
A Wild Hare, directed by Tex Avery and released on July 27, 1940, is the first cartoon where both Elmer Fudd and Bugs are shown in their fully developed forms as hunter and tormentor, respectively. In this cartoon Mel Blanc first uses what would become Bugs' standard voice; this cartoon also marks the first time that Bugs uses his catchphrase, "What's up, Doc?" Animation historian Joe Adamson counts A Wild Hare as the first "official" Bugs Bunny short.[8] The short was a huge success in theaters and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.[9]
Bugs's second appearance, in Jones' 1941 short Elmer's Pet Rabbit, introduces the audience to the name Bugs Bunny, which until then had only been used among the Termite Terrace employees. It was also the first short where he received billing under his now-famous name, but the card, "featuring Bugs Bunny", was just slapped on the end of the completed short's opening titles when A Wild Hare proved an unexpected success. However, Bugs' voice in this cartoon is noticibly different, and his design was slightly altered as well. For the next several cartoons produced afterwards, Bugs' original design from A Wild Hare would be re-used. Mel Blanc would also re-use the voice he had created in A Wild Hare for Bugs' subsequent appearances.
World War II[link]
By 1942, Bugs had become the number one star of Merrie Melodies. The series had originally been intended only for one-shot characters in shorts after several early attempts to introduce characters (Foxy, Goopy Geer and Piggy) failed under Harman–Ising. (In 1937, under Schlesinger, it had started introducing newer characters.) The 1942 short Bugs Bunny Gets the Boid shows a slight redesign of Bugs, with less-prominent front teeth and a rounder head. The character was reworked by Robert McKimson, then an animator in Robert Clampett's unit. The redesign at first was only used in the shorts created by Clampett's unit, but in time it would be taken up by the other directors, with Freleng and Frank Tashlin the first. When McKimson was himself promoted to director, he created yet another version, with more slanted eyes, longer teeth and a much larger mouth. He used this version until 1949 (as did Art Davis for the one Bugs Bunny cartoon he directed) when he started using the version he had designed for Clampett. Jones would come up with his own slight modification, and the voice had slight variations between the units.[3] Bugs also made cameos in Tex Avery's final Warner Bros. short, Crazy Cruise.[10]
Since Bugs' debut in A Wild Hare, he had appeared only in color Merrie Melodie cartoons (making him one of the few recurring characters created for that series in the Leon Schlesinger era prior to the full conversion to color), alongside Elmer predecessor Egghead, Inki, Sniffles, and Elmer himself. While he made a cameo appearance in the 1943 Porky and Daffy cartoon Porky Pig's Feat this was his only appearance in a black-and-white Looney Tune cartoon. He did not star in a cartoon in the Looney Tunes series until that series made its complete conversion to only color cartoons beginning with 1944 releases. Buckaroo Bugs was Bugs' first cartoon in the Looney Tunes series, and was also the last Warner Bros. cartoon to credit Leon Schlesinger.
Bugs' popularity soared during World War II because of his free and easy attitude, and began receiving special star billing in his cartoons by 1943. By that time Warner Bros. had become the most profitable cartoon studio in the United States. In company with cartoon studios such as Disney and Famous Studios, Warners put its characters against Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and the Japanese. The 1944 short Bugs Bunny Nips the Nips features Bugs at odds with a group of Japanese soldiers. This cartoon has since been pulled from distribution due to its racial stereotypes of Japanese people. He also faces off against Herman Goering and Hitler in the 1945 short Herr Meets Hare, which introduced his well-known reference to Albuquerque as he mistakenly winds up in the Black Forest of 'Joimany' instead of Las Vegas, Nevada. Bugs also appeared in the 1942 two-minute U.S. war bonds commercial film Any Bonds Today, along with Porky and Elmer.
At the end of the 1943 short Super-Rabbit, Bugs appears wearing a United States Marine Corps dress blue uniform. As a result, the Marine Corps made Bugs an honorary Marine Master Sergeant.[11] From 1943 to 1946, Bugs was the official mascot of Kingman Army Airfield, Kingman, Arizona, where thousands of aerial gunners were trained during World War II. Some notable trainees included Clark Gable and Charles Bronson. Bugs also served as the mascot for 530 Squadron of the 380th Bombardment Group, 5th Air Force, U.S. Air Force, which was attached to the Royal Australian Air Force and operated out of Australia's Northern Territory from 1943 to 1945, flying B-24 Liberator bombers.[12] Bugs riding an air delivered torpedo served as the squadron logo for Marine Torpedo/Bomber Squadron 242 in the Second World War.
In 1944, Bugs Bunny made a cameo appearance in Jasper Goes Hunting, a short produced by rival studio Paramount Pictures. In this cameo (animated by Robert McKimson, with Mel Blanc providing the voice), Bugs pops out of a rabbit hole, saying his usual catchphrase; Bugs then says, "Hey, I'm in the wrong picture!" and then goes back in the hole.[13]
The post-war era[link]
After World War II Bugs appeared in numerous cartoon shorts in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series, making his last appearance in the theatrical cartoons in 1964 with False Hare. He was directed by Friz Freleng, Robert McKimson, Arthur Davis and Chuck Jones. The short Knighty Knight Bugs (1958), in which a medieval Bugs trades blows with Yosemite Sam and his fire-breathing dragon (which has a cold), won the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film in 1959.[14] Three of Chuck Jones' Bugs Bunny shorts — Rabbit Fire, Rabbit Seasoning, and Duck! Rabbit, Duck! — comprise what is often referred to as the "Duck Season/Rabbit Season" trilogy. Jones' 1957 classic, What's Opera, Doc?, cast Bugs and Elmer in a parody of Richard Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen. It has been deemed "culturally significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry, the first cartoon short to receive this honor.[15]
In the fall of 1960, ABC debuted the prime-time television program The Bugs Bunny Show. This show packaged many of the post-1948 Warners shorts with newly animated wraparounds. After two seasons, it was moved from its evening slot to reruns on Saturday mornings. The Bugs Bunny Show changed format and exact title frequently, but remained on network television for 40 years. The packaging was later completely different, with each short simply presented on its own, title and all, though some clips from the new bridging material were sometimes used as filler.
After the classic cartoon era[link]
Bugs Bunny did not appear in any of the post-1964 Looney Tunes shorts produced by DePatie-Freleng Enterprises or Format Films, nor did he appear in the lone Looney Tunes production produced by Filmation. He would not appear in new material on-screen again until How Bugs Bunny Won the West aired in 1978.
After Mel Blanc died in 1989, Jeff Bergman, Greg Burson, Billy West, and Joe Alaskey became the new voices of Bugs Bunny and many of the other Looney Tunes, each taking turns doing Bugs' voice for various projects over the years.
Bugs has made appearances in animated specials for network television, mostly composed of classic cartoons with bridging material added, including How Bugs Bunny Won the West, and The Bugs Bunny Mystery Special. Bugs Bunny's Busting Out All Over (1980) contained no vintage clips and featured the first new Bugs Bunny cartoons in 16 years. It opened with "Portrait Of The Artist As a Young Bunny", which features a flashback of Bugs as a child thwarting a young Elmer Fudd, while its third and closing short was "Spaced Out Bunny", with Bugs being kidnapped by Marvin the Martian to be a playmate for Hugo, an Abominable Snowman-like character. (A new Wile E. Coyote and Road Runner short filled out the half hour.) Compilation films included the independently produced Bugs Bunny: Superstar, using the vintage shorts then owned by United Artists; as well as Warner Bros. efforts The Bugs Bunny/Road Runner Movie, The Looney Looney Looney Bugs Bunny Movie, Daffy Duck's Fantastic Island, Bugs Bunny's 3rd Movie: 1001 Rabbit Tales and Daffy Duck's Quackbusters. He also made guest appearances in episodes of the 1990s television program Tiny Toon Adventures as the principal of Acme Looniversity and the mentor of Babs and Buster Bunny, and would later make occasional guest cameos on spinoffs Taz-Mania and Animaniacs.
Bugs has had several comic book series over the years. Western Publishing had the license for all the Warner Brothers cartoons, and produced Bugs Bunny comics first for Dell Comics, then later for their own Gold Key Comics. Dell published 58 issues and several specials from 1952 to 1962. Gold Key continued for another 133 issues. DC Comics, the sister/subsidiary company of Warner Bros., has published several comics titles since 1994 that Bugs has appeared in. Notable among these was the 2000 four-issue miniseries Superman & Bugs Bunny, written by Mark Evanier and drawn by Joe Staton. This depicted a crossover between DC's superheroes and the Warner cartoon characters.
Like SpongeBob SquarePants for Nickelodeon and Mickey Mouse for Disney, Bugs has served as the mascot for Warner Bros. and its various divisions. He and Mickey are the first cartoon characters to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
File:Mickey-mouse-bugs-bunny-113.jpg
Bugs Bunny with his Disney rival Mickey Mouse in Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988).
In the 1988 animated/live action movie Who Framed Roger Rabbit, Bugs was shown as one of the inhabitants of Toontown. However, since the film was being produced by Disney, Warner Bros. would only allow the use of their biggest star if he got an equal amount of screen time as Disney's biggest star, Mickey Mouse. Because of this, both characters are always together in frame when onscreen. For the same reasons, Bugs never calls Mickey by his name, only referring to him as "Doc," while Mickey calls him "Bugs."
Bugs made an appearance in the 1990 drug prevention special Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue. This special is notable for being the first time that somebody other than Mel Blanc voiced Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck. (In this special, both characters were voiced by Jeff Bergman.) Bugs was also featured in The Earth Day Special showing his displeasure on how man started mistreating the environment.
Bugs returned to the silver screen in Box Office Bunny in 1990 (1991 in the U.S.). This was the first Bugs Bunny cartoon short since 1964 to be released in theaters, and it was created for the Bugs Bunny 50th anniversary celebration. It was followed by (Blooper) Bunny, a short that was shelved from theaters, but later premiered on Cartoon Network in 1997 and has since gained a cult following among animation fans for its edgy humor.[16]
In 1996, Bugs and other Looney Tunes characters appeared in the live-action/animated film, Space Jam. In the film, the Looney Tunes are in danger of being enslaved by a group of aliens. Due to the aliens' small stature, the Looney Tunes challenge the aliens to a basketball game, but the aliens (known as the Nerdlucks) steal the talent of the best NBA players such as Charles Barkley and Patrick Ewing and become hulking, talented players known as the Monstars. Because of this, Bugs (voiced by Billy West) calls upon the help of the greatest basketball player in the world, Michael Jordan, who is initially reluctant to help due to his having retired from the NBA to play baseball for the MLB. The film also introduced the character of Lola Bunny. The film received mostly mixed to negative reviews from critics, but was a box office success grossing over $230 million worldwide. The success of Space Jam led to the development of another live-action/animated film, Looney Tunes: Back in Action, released in 2003 and directed by Joe Dante. Unlike Space Jam, Back in Action was a box-office bomb, but received more positive reviews from film critics. The film marked the first time Joe Alaskey provided Bugs' voice.
In 1997, Bugs appeared on a U.S. postage stamp, the first cartoon to be so honored, beating the iconic Mickey Mouse. The stamp is number seven on the list of the ten most popular U.S. stamps, as calculated by the number of stamps purchased but not used. The introduction of Bugs onto a stamp was controversial at the time, as it was seen as a step toward the 'commercialization' of stamp art. The postal service rejected many designs, and went with a postal-themed drawing. Avery Dennison printed the Bugs Bunny stamp sheet, which featured "a special ten-stamp design and was the first self-adhesive souvenir sheet issued by the U.S. Postal Service."[17]
A younger version of Bugs is the main character of Baby Looney Tunes, which debuted on Cartoon Network in 2002. In the action comedy Loonatics Unleashed, his definite descendant Ace Bunny is the leader of the Loonatics team and seems to have inherited his ancestor's Brooklyn accent and comic wit. Strangely, Bugs was one of the few Looney Tunes characters who never appeared in the 2003 Duck Dodgers series.
Bugs has appeared in numerous video games, including the Bugs Bunny's Crazy Castle series, Bugs Bunny Birthday Blowout, Bugs Bunny: Rabbit Rampage and the similar Bugs Bunny in Double Trouble, Looney Tunes B-Ball, Space Jam, Looney Tunes Racing, Looney Tunes: Space Race, Bugs Bunny Lost in Time, and its sequel, Bugs Bunny and Taz Time Busters, and Looney Tunes: Acme Arsenal.
File:Bugsbunny2011.png
Bugs Bunny as seen in The Looney Tunes Show.
[edit] The Looney Tunes Show
Bugs Bunny and the rest of the Looney Tunes gang returned to television in 2011 in the Cartoon Network sitcom The Looney Tunes Show, with Jeff Bergman returning to voice both Bugs and Daffy Duck. This series will also feature the characters singing original songs as well. A large difference between Bugs and Daffy's friendship in the show is that, whereas Bugs would hardly mind Daffy's flaws in the original cartoons, in the show Bugs is often and openly annoyed at Daffy's antics, sometimes to the point of aggression when Daffy becomes too obnoxious. He also dates Lola Bunny , but he found her to be "crazy" and a bit too talkative. Though later on as the series progressed they did rekindle their relationship. Unlike the original cartoons, Bugs lives in a regular home, which he shares with Daffy. However, in one episode, his old home (a hole in the ground) was seen. Bugs' income comes from having invented the carrot peeler.
Return to film[link]
On August 13, 2010, Warner Bros. Pictures announced that they were planning a live-action/CG-animated combo feature film based on the Looney Tunes character.[18]
Personality and catchphrases[link]
| “ | Some people call me cocky and brash, but actually I am just self-assured. I'm nonchalant, imperturbable, contemplative. I play it cool, but I can get hot under the collar. And above all I'm a very 'aware' character. I'm well aware that I am appearing in an animated cartoon....And sometimes I chomp on my carrot for the same reason that a stand-up comic chomps on his cigar. It saves me from rushing from the last joke to the next one too fast. And I sometimes don't act, I react. And I always treat the contest with my pursuers as 'fun and games.' When momentarily I appear to be cornered or in dire danger and I scream, don't be consoined [sic] – it's actually a big put-on. Let's face it Doc. I've read the script and I already know how it turns out. | ” |
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—Bob Clampett on Bugs Bunny, written in first person.[19] |
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Bugs Bunny is characterized as being clever and capable of outsmarting anyone who antagonizes him, including Elmer Fudd, Yosemite Sam, Willoughby the Dog, Marvin the Martian, Beaky Buzzard, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Tasmanian Devil, Cecil Turtle, Witch Hazel, Rocky and Mugsy, Wile E. Coyote, the Crusher, Gremlin, Count Blood Count and a host of others. Bugs almost always wins these conflicts, a plot pattern which recurs in Looney Tunes films directed by Chuck Jones. Concerned that viewers would lose sympathy for an aggressive protagonist who always won, Jones arranged for Bugs to be bullied, cheated, or threatened by the antagonists while minding his own business, justifying his subsequent antics as retaliation or self-defense. He's also been known to break the fourth wall by "communicating" with the audience, either by explaining the situation (e.g. "Be with you in a minute, folks!"), describing someone to the audience (e.g. "Feisty, ain't they?"), clueing in on the story (e.g. "That happens to him all during the picture, folks."), explaining that one of his antagonists' actions have pushed him to the breaking point ("Of course you know, this means war."), etc.
Bugs will usually try to placate the antagonist and avoid conflict, but when an antagonist pushes him too far, Bugs may address the audience and invoke his catchphrase "Of course you realize this means war!" before he retaliates, and the retaliation will be devastating. This line was taken from Groucho Marx and others in the 1933 film Duck Soup and was also used in the 1935 Marx film A Night at the Opera.[20] Bugs would pay homage to Groucho in other ways, such as occasionally adopting his stooped walk or leering eyebrow-raising (in Hair-Raising Hare, for example) or sometimes with a direct impersonation (as in Slick Hare).
Other directors, such as Friz Freleng, characterized Bugs as altruistic. When Bugs meets other successful characters (such as Cecil Turtle in Tortoise Beats Hare, or, in World War II, the Gremlin of Falling Hare), his overconfidence becomes a disadvantage. Most of Bugs' antagonists are extremely dim-witted, and Bugs is easily able to outwit and torment them, though on occasion they will manage to get the best of Bugs. Daffy Duck, who is arguably more intelligent but less clever, is unaffected by Bugs' usual schemes, which usually results in the two trying to outsmart the other with Bugs always triumphing in the end. However, there are only three antagonists that successfully defeated Bugs in the end of the cartoon, such as the Gremlin from Falling Hare, the unnamed mouse from Rhapsody Rabbit, and the fly from Baton Bunny.
During the 1940s, Bugs starts off immature and wild, but starting in the 1950s his personality matured and his attitude was more refined. Though often shown as highly clever, Bugs is never actually malicious, and only acts as such in self-defense against his aggressors; the only two cartoons where Bugs ever served as an antagonist were Buckaroo Bugs and Duck Amuck; the latter cartoon depicts him as far more sadistic than usual, as he becomes the animator and abuses his newfound divine powers to torture Daffy.
Bugs Bunny's nonchalant carrot-chewing standing position, as explained by Chuck Jones, Friz Freleng, and Bob Clampett, originated in a scene in the film It Happened One Night, in which Clark Gable's character leans against a fence, eating carrots rapidly and talking with his mouth full to Claudette Colbert's character. This scene was well known while the film was popular, and viewers at the time likely recognized Bugs Bunny's behavior as satire.[21]
The carrot-chewing scenes are generally followed by Bugs Bunny's most well-known catchphrase, "What's up, Doc?", which was written by director Tex Avery for his first Bugs Bunny short, 1940s A Wild Hare. Avery explained later that it was a common expression in his native Texas and that he did not think much of the phrase. When the short was first screened in theaters, the "What's up, Doc?" scene generated a tremendously positive audience reaction.[22] As a result, the scene became a recurring element in subsequent films and cartoons. The phrase was sometimes modified for a situation. For example, Bugs says "What's up, dogs?" to the antagonists in A Hare Grows in Manhattan, "What's up, Duke?" to the knight in Knight-mare Hare and "What's up, prune-face?" to the aged Elmer in The Old Grey Hare. He might also greet Daffy with "What's up, Duck?" He used one variation, "What's all the hub-bub, bub?" only once, in Falling Hare. Another variation is used in Looney Tunes: Back In Action when he greets a lightsaber-wielding Marvin the Martian saying "What's up, Darth?"
Several Chuck Jones shorts in the late 1940s and 1950s depict Bugs travelling via cross-country (and, in some cases, intercontinental) tunnel-digging, ending up in places as varied as Mexico (Bully for Bugs, 1953), the Himalayas (The Abominable Snow Rabbit, 1960) and Antarctica (Frigid Hare, 1949) all because he "shoulda taken that left toin at Albukoikee." He first utters that phrase in Herr Meets Hare (1945), when he emerges in the Black Forest, a cartoon seldom seen today due to its blatantly topical subject matter. When Hermann Göring says to Bugs, "There is no Las Vegas in 'Chermany'" and takes a potshot at Bugs, Bugs dives into his hole and says, "Joimany! Yipe!", as Bugs realizes he's behind enemy lines. The confused response to his "left toin" comment also followed a pattern. For example, when he tunnels into Scotland in 1948's My Bunny Lies over the Sea, while thinking he's heading for the La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles, California, it provides another chance for an ethnic stereotype: "Therrre's no La Brrrea Tarrr Pits in Scotland!" (to which Bugs responds, "Uh...what's up, Mac-doc?"). A couple of late-1950s shorts of this ilk also featured Daffy Duck travelling with Bugs ("Since when is Pismo Beach inside a cave?!").
Bugs Bunny has some similarities to figures from mythology and folklore, such as Br'er Rabbit, Nanabozho, or Anansi, and might be seen as a modern trickster (for example, he repeatedly uses cross-dressing mischievously). Unlike most cartoon characters, however, Bugs Bunny is rarely defeated in his own games of trickery. One exception to this is the short Hare Brush, in which Elmer Fudd ultimately carries the day at the end; however, critics note that in this short, Elmer and Bugs assume each other's personalities—through mental illness and hypnosis, respectively—and it is only by becoming Bugs that Elmer can win. However, Bugs was beaten at his own game. In the short Duck Amuck he torments Daffy Duck as the unseen animator, ending with his line, "Ain't I a stinker?" Bugs feels the same wrath of an unseen animator in the short Rabbit Rampage where he is in turn tormented by Elmer Fudd. At the end of the clip Elmer gleefully exclaims, 'Well, I finally got even with that scwewy wabbit!"
Although it was usually Porky Pig who brought the WB cartoons to a close with his stuttering, "That's all, folks!", Bugs would occasionally appear, bursting through a drum just as Porky did, but munching a carrot and saying in his Bronx-Brooklyn accent, "And dat's de end!"
The name "Bugs" or "Bugsy" as an old-fashioned nickname means "crazy" (or "loopy"). Several famous people from the first half of the twentieth century had that nickname, like famous gangster, Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel, who disliked the nickname. It is now out of fashion as a nickname, but survives in 1950s–1960s expressions like "you're bugging me", as in "you're driving me crazy".
Bugs wears white gloves, which he is rarely seen without, although he may remove one and use it for slapping an opponent to predicate a duel. Another glove-less example is the episode Long-Haired Hare, where Bugs pretends to be the famed conductor Leopold Stokowski and instructs opera star "Giovanni Jones" to sing and to hold a high note. As Giovanni Jones is turning red with the strain, Bugs slips his left hand out of its glove, leaving the glove hovering in the air in order to command Jones to continue to hold the high note. Bugs then nips down to the mail drop to order, and then to receive, a pair of ear defenders. Bugs puts on the ear defenders and then zips back into the amphitheater and reinserts his hand into his glove as singer Jones is writhing on the stage, still holding that same high note.
Bugs Bunny is also a master of disguise: he can wear any disguise that he wants to confuse his enemies: in Bowery Bugs he uses diverse disguises: fakir, gentleman, woman, baker and finally policeman. This ability of disguise makes Bugs famous because we can recognize him while at the same time realizing that his enemies are stumped. Bugs has a certain preference for the female disguise: Taz, Elmer Fudd, Yosemite Sam were fooled by this sexy bunny (woman) and in Hare Trimmed, Sam discovers the real face of "Granny" (Bugs's disguise) in the church where they attempt to get married. For all the gullible victims of all these disguises, however, for some reason, Daffy Duck and Cecil Turtle are among those who are never fooled.
Bugs Bunny may also have some mystical potential. In Knight-mare Hare he was able to return to his bunny form (after being transformed into a donkey) by removing his donkey form as if it were a suit. Merlin of Monroe (the wizard) was unable to do the same thing. Later Bugs Bunny defeated the Count Blood Count in a magical spell duel. However, the story was a dream and Bugs Bunny's victory over Count Blood Count was a result of his intellect, not innate magical power.
Rabbit or hare?[link]
The animators throughout Bugs' history have treated the terms rabbit and hare as synonymous. Taxonomically, they are not synonymous, being somewhat similar but observably different types of lagomorphs. Hares have much longer ears than rabbits, so Bugs might seem to be of the hare family, yet rabbits live in burrows, as Bugs is seen to do. Many more of the cartoon titles include the word "hare" rather than "rabbit," as "hare" lends itself easily to puns ("hair," "air," etc.) although Elmer Fudd has always referred to Bugs as a "wabbit".
Within the cartoons, although the term "hare" comes up sometimes, again typically as a pun—for example, Bugs drinking "hare tonic" to "stop falling hare" or being doused with "hare restorer" to bring him back from invisibility—Bugs as well as his antagonists most often refer to the character as a "rabbit." The word "bunny" is of no help in answering this question, as it is a synonym for both young hares and young rabbits.
In Nike commercials with Michael Jordan, Bugs had been referred to as "Hare Jordan."[23][24]
Openings and closings of shorts[link]
In the opening of many of the Bugs Bunny cartoons, the Merrie Melodies and Looney Tunes irises contain Bugs Bunny's head after the Warner Bros. shield (generally from 1944 and 1949 onward). Others have Bugs Bunny relaxing on top of the Warner Bros. shield: He chews on his carrot, looks angrily at the camera and pulls down the next logo (Merrie Melodies or Looney Tunes) like a window shade (generally on cartoons between 1945 until early 1949). Then he lifts it back up, to now be seen lying on his own name, which then fades into the title of the specific short. In some other cases, the title card sometimes fades to him, already on his name and chewing his carrot then fade to the name of the short. At the finish of Hare Tonic and Baseball Bugs, Bugs breaks out of a drum (like Porky Pig) and says, "And that's the end". Also, at the end of Box Office Bunny, right after Daffy Duck and Elmer Fudd run out through the Looney Tunes "That's All Folks!" sequence, Bugs later comes in through the rings and says, "And that's all, folks!". He did the ending for the last time at the end of Space Jam but this time saying "Well, that's all, folks!".
Voice actors[link]
The following are the many voice actors who have voiced the character Bugs Bunny over the last seventy-one years:
- Mel Blanc
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Mel Blanc was the original voice of Bugs Bunny and would voice the character for nearly five decades.
- Mel Blanc voiced the character for 49 years, from Bugs' 1940 debut in A Wild Hare until Blanc's death in 1989. Blanc described the voice as a combination of Bronx and Brooklyn accents; however, Tex Avery claimed that he asked Blanc to give the character not a New York accent per se, but a voice like that of actor Frank McHugh, who frequently appeared in supporting roles in the 1930s and whose voice might be described as New York Irish.[3] In Bugs' second cartoon Elmer's Pet Rabbit, Blanc created a completely new voice for Bugs, which sounded like a Jimmy Stewart impression, but the directors decided the previous voice was better. Though his best-known character was the carrot-chomping rabbit, munching on the carrots interrupted the dialogue. Various substitutes, such as celery, were tried, but none of them sounded like a carrot. So for the sake of expedience, he would munch and then spit the carrot bits into a spittoon rather than swallowing them, and continue with the dialogue. One often-repeated story, possibly originating from Bugs Bunny: Superstar, is that Blanc was allergic to carrots and had to spit them out to minimize any allergic reaction — but his autobiography makes no such claim.[6] In fact, in a 1984 interview with Tim Lawson, co-author of The Magic Behind The Voices: A Who's Who of Cartoon Voice Actors (University Press of Mississippi, 2004), Blanc emphatically denied being allergic to carrots.
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- Jeff Bergman
- Jeff Bergman was the first to voice Bugs Bunny (and several other Looney Tunes characters) after Mel Blanc died in 1989. He got the job by impressing Warner Bros. higher-ups with a tape of himself re-creating the voices of several of Blanc's characters, including Bugs. He had rigged the tape player so that he could use a switch to instantly toggle back and forth between the original recording of Blanc and Bergman's recording of the same lines. Upon doing this, it was almost impossible for the producers to tell which voice was Blanc's and which voice was Bergman; thus his vocal ability was established and his career launched. Bergman first voiced Bugs during the 1990 Academy Awards, the television special Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue, and the first season of Tiny Toon Adventures. Bergman also voiced Bugs in the 1990s Looney Tunes shorts Box Office Bunny, (Blooper) Bunny, and Invasion of the Bunny Snatchers. In 2011, Bergman returned to voice Bugs after an almost 20-year absence for Cartoon Network's new series, The Looney Tunes Show.
- Greg Burson
- Greg Burson first voiced Bugs Bunny in later episodes of Tiny Toon Adventures. He was then given the responsibility of voicing Bugs in 1995's Carrotblanca, a well-received Looney Tunes short originally shown in cinemas alongside The Amazing Panda Adventure (US) and The Pebble and the Penguin (non-US); it has since been released on video packaged with older Looney Tunes cartoons and was even included in the special edition DVD release of Casablanca, of which it is both a parody and an homage. Burson next voiced Bugs in the 1996 short From Hare to Eternity; the short is notable for being dedicated to the memory of the then-just deceased Friz Freleng, and for being the final Looney Tunes cartoon that Chuck Jones directed. Burson also voiced Bugs in the Animaniacs episodes "Video Revue," "Warner's 65th Anniversary," and "Back in Style," as well as in The Bugs and Daffy Show, which ran on Cartoon Network during the 1990s. He died in 2008.
- Billy West
- Billy West has been in television since the late 1980s. His first role was for the 1988 revived version of Bob Clampett's Beany and Cecil. West's breakthrough role then came almost immediately, as the voice of Stimpy and later Ren in John Kricfalusi's Ren & Stimpy. West has since been the voice talent for close to 120 different characters, including some of the most iconic animated figures in television history. Perhaps West's most notable film work came in the 1996 film Space Jam. Starring alongside Michael Jordan, West provided the voice of both Bugs Bunny and Elmer Fudd. West would go on to reprise the roles of Bugs in subsequent Looney Tunes productions, including his cameos on Histeria!, also he made a cameo appearance on Kid vs. Kat in "Class Act", the Kids' WB! promotional spots, and the 2006 Christmas-themed special Bah, Humduck! A Looney Tunes Christmas and the DVD compilations "Reality Check" and "Stranger Than Fiction", along with several Looney Tunes-centric CDs and video games.
- Joe Alaskey
- Joe Alaskey, like Jeff Bergman, is well-known for his ability to successfully impersonate many Looney Tunes characters. In fact, Alaskey voiced Yosemite Sam and Foghorn Leghorn in the 1988 film Who Framed Roger Rabbit, as original voice actor Mel Blanc had found it too hard on his vocal cords (which makes Sam and Foghorn two of the few voices created by Blanc to be voiced by someone else during his lifetime). Alaskey's first performance as Bugs Bunny came in the 2003 film Looney Tunes: Back in Action, although he had tested performing the role in a few earlier projects, such as Tweety's High-Flying Adventure. While still best known for providing the voice of Daffy Duck, Alaskey has also gone on to do Bugs' voice in several subsequent productions, including Daffy Duck for President (which was released on The Looney Tunes Golden Collection: Volume 2 and dedicated to the deceased Chuck Jones) and several recent video games and Looney Tunes cartoons, including Hare and Loathing in Las Vegas.
- Samuel Vincent
- Samuel Vincent served as the voice of Bugs in the Cartoon Network TV series Baby Looney Tunes.
- Noel Blanc
- Noel Blanc, Mel Blanc's son, voiced Bugs for the Tiny Toon Adventures special It's a Wonderful Tiny Toon Christmas Special. The elder Blanc claimed in his later years that Noel substituted for Mel in various cartoon studios, including doing Bugs at Warner Bros., while he was recovering from a near-fatal car wreck. Noel can also be seen doing Bugs' voice with his father in the documentary on the making of Who Framed Roger Rabbit.
Legacy and influence[link]
In 2002, TV Guide compiled a list of the 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time as part of the magazine's 50th anniversary. Bugs Bunny was given the honor of number 1.[25][26] In a CNN broadcast on July 31, 2002, a TV Guide editor talked about the group that created the list. The editor also explained why Bugs pulled top billing: "His stock...has never gone down...Bugs is the best example...of the smart-aleck American comic. He not only is a great cartoon character, he's a great comedian. He was written well. He was drawn beautifully. He has thrilled and made many generations laugh. He is tops."[27] Additionally, in Animal Planet's 50 Greatest Movie Animals (2004), Bugs was named #3, behind Mickey Mouse and Toto. In 2005 Bugs Bunny was voted the 10th greatest cartoon in Channel 4's 100 Greatest Cartoons behind The Simpsons, Tom and Jerry, South Park, Toy Story, Family Guy, Shrek, The Lion King, Spirited Away and The Incredibles. According to Time Warner, Bugs Bunny became the current official mascot for Six Flags theme parks beginning with their 45th anniversary. During an interview for Inside the Actors Studio, comedian Dave Chappelle cited him as one of his earliest influences, praising voice actor Mel Blanc.
Awards[link]
Academy Awards[link]
- Knighty Knight Bugs (1958)
Academy Award nominations[link]
- A Wild Hare (1940)
- Hiawatha's Rabbit Hunt (1941)
See also[link]
- Looney Tunes
- Merrie Melodies
- List of Bugs Bunny cartoons
- List of Looney Tunes feature films
- Golden Age of American animation
References[link]
- ^ "Bugs Bunny: The Trickster, American Style". Weekend Edition Sunday. NPR. January 6, 2008. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=17874931. Retrieved 2011-04-10.
- ^ Most Portrayed Character in Film at Guinness World Records; retrieved 2011-11-23.
- ^ a b c Barrier, Michael (2003-11-06). Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age. United States: Oxford University Press. p. 672. ISBN 978-0-19-516729-0.
- ^ "''Bugs Bunny''". Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica.com. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9095426/Bugs-Bunny. Retrieved 2009-09-20.
- ^ "Leading the Animation Conversation » Rare 1939 Looney Tunes Book found!". Cartoon Brew. 2008-04-03. http://www.cartoonbrew.com/classic/rare-1938-looney-tunes-book-found. Retrieved 2009-09-20.
- ^ a b Blanc, Mel; Bashe, Philip (1989). That's Not All, Folks!. Clayton South, VIC, Australia: Warner Books. ISBN 0-446-51244-3.
- ^ "Looney Tunes Hidden Gags". Gregbrian.tripod.com. http://gregbrian.tripod.com/hidden/hid04.html. Retrieved 2009-09-20.
- ^ Adamson, Joe (1990). Bugs Bunny: 50 Years and Only One Grey Hare. Henry Holt. ISBN 0-8050-1855-7.
- ^ "1940 academy awards". http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0148142.html. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
- ^ Lehman, Christopher P. (2008). The Colored Cartoon: Black Representation in American Animated Short Films, 1907–1954. Amherst, Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-55849-613-2. http://books.google.com/?id=xMWhTUFFuqoC&pg=PA73&lpg=PA73&dq=%22any+bonds+today%22+%22bugs+bunny%22+theatrical+cartoon. Retrieved 2009-02-25.
- ^ Audio commentary by Paul Dini for Super-Rabbit on the Looney Tunes Golden Collection: Volume 3 (2005).
- ^ "History of the 380th Bomb Group". 380th.org. http://380th.org/380-History.html. Retrieved 2010-01-07.
- ^ "''Jasper Goes Hunting'' information". Bcdb.com. http://www.bcdb.com/cartoon/36556-Jasper_Goes_Hunting.html. Retrieved 2009-09-20.
- ^ "1958 academy awards". http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0148765.html. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
- ^ National Film Registry: 1989-2007
- ^ Knight, Richard. "Consider the Source". Chicagoreader.com. http://www.chicagoreader.com/movies/archives/2001/0101/010126.html. Retrieved 2009-09-20.
- ^ Looney Tunes: Bugs Bunny stamp. National Postal Museum Smithsonian.
- ^ "Bugs Bunny Theatrical Film Planned". ComingSoon.net. August 13, 2010. http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=68752. Retrieved 2011-04-10.
- ^ "Chapter 11: What's Up Doc?". Draw the Looney Tunes: The Warner Bros. Character Design Manual. San Francisco: Chronicle Books. 2005. p. 166. ISBN 0-8118-5016-1.
- ^ "Transcript of ''Duck Soup''". Script-o-rama.com. http://www.script-o-rama.com/movie_scripts/d/duck-soup-script-transcript-marx.html. Retrieved 2009-09-20.
- ^ "''It Happened One Night'' film review by Tim Dirks". Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/itha.html. Retrieved 2009-09-20.
- ^ Adamson, Joe (1975). Tex Avery: King of Cartoons. New York: De Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80248-1.
- ^ 1993 – Nike – Michael Jordan & Bugs Bunny on YouTube
- ^ Air Jordan VII Original Sneaker Bugs Bunny Sneakerfiles.com on YouTube
- ^ "Bugs Bunny tops greatest cartoon characters list". CNN.com. 2002-07-30. http://archives.cnn.com/2002/SHOWBIZ/TV/07/30/cartoon.characters/index.html. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
- ^ "List of All-time Cartoon Characters". CNN.com (CNN). July 30, 2002. http://archives.cnn.com/2002/SHOWBIZ/TV/07/30/cartoon.characters.list/index.html. Retrieved April 11, 2007.
- ^ "CNN LIVE TODAY: 'TV Guide' Tipping Hat to Cartoon Characters". CNN.com (CNN). July 31, 2002. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0207/31/lt.20.html. Retrieved April 11, 2007.
Bibliography[link]
- Adamson, Joe (1990). Bugs Bunny: 50 Years and Only One Grey Hare. New York: Henry Holt. ISBN 0-8050-1855-7.
- Beck, Jerry; Friedwald, Will (1989). Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies. New York: Henry Holt. ISBN 0-8050-0894-2.
- Blanc, Mel; Bashe, Philip (1989). That's Not All, Folks!. Clayton South, VIC, Australia: Warner Books. ISBN 0-446-39089-5.
- Jones, Chuck (1989). Chuck Amuck: The Life and Times of an Animated Cartoonist. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 0-374-12348-9.
- Maltin, Leonard (1987). Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons (Revised ed.). New York: Plume Book. ISBN 0-452-25993-2.
External links[link]
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Bunny, Bugs |
| Alternative names | Rabbit, Bugs |
| Short description | Looney Tunes character |
| Date of birth | 1940 |
| Place of birth | Brooklyn, New York |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This article is about the musician. For other persons named Neil Young, see Neil Young (disambiguation).
| Neil Young | |
|---|---|
 Young performing in Oslo, Norway, in 2009. |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Neil Percival Young |
| Also known as | Bernard Shakey,[1] Phil Perspective, Shakey Deal, Clyde Coil, Ol' Neil, Joe Canuck, Joe Yankee,[1] Marc Lynch,[1] Pinecone Young[2] |
| Born | (1945-11-12) November 12, 1945 (age 66) Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Origin | Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada |
| Genres | Rock, folk rock, country rock, experimental rock, hard rock |
| Occupations | Musician, songwriter, producer, director, screenwriter |
| Instruments | Guitar, vocals, harmonica, piano, keyboards, banjo, ukulele |
| Years active | 1960–present |
| Labels | Reprise, Motown, Geffen |
| Associated acts | The Squires, The Mynah Birds, Buffalo Springfield, Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, Crazy Horse, The Stray Gators, The Stills-Young Band, The Ducks, Northern Lights, Pearl Jam, Booker T. Jones, Leon Russell, Elton John |
| Website | neilyoung.com |
| Notable instruments | |
| "Old Black" Martin D-45 "Hank" Gretsch White Falcon |
|
Neil Percival Young,[3] OC,[4] OM[5] (born November 12, 1945) is a Canadian singer-songwriter who is widely regarded as one of the most influential musicians of his generation.[6]
Young began performing as a solo artist in Canada in 1960, before moving to California in 1966, where he co-founded the band Buffalo Springfield along with Stephen Stills and Richie Furay, and later joined Crosby, Stills & Nash as a fourth member in 1969. He forged a successful and acclaimed solo career, releasing his first album in 1968; his career has since spanned over 40 years and 34 studio albums, with a continual and uncompromising exploration of musical styles.[6] The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame website describes Young as "one of rock and roll’s greatest songwriters and performers".[7] He has been inducted into the Hall of Fame twice: first as a solo artist in 1995, and second as a member of Buffalo Springfield in 1997.[8]
Young's work is characterized by his distinctive guitar work, deeply personal lyrics[9][10][11] and signature alto or high tenor singing voice.[12][13] Although he accompanies himself on several different instruments, including piano and harmonica, his idiosyncratic electric and clawhammer acoustic guitar playing are the defining characteristics of a varyingly ragged and melodic sound. While Young has experimented with differing music styles, including swing and electronic music throughout a varied career, his best known work usually falls into two primary styles: acoustic (folk and country rock) and electric (amplified hard rock, very often in collaboration with the band Crazy Horse). Young has also adopted elements from newer styles such as alternative rock and grunge. His influence on the latter caused some to dub him the "Godfather of Grunge".[14]
Young has directed (or co-directed) a number of films using the pseudonym Bernard Shakey, including Journey Through the Past (1973), Rust Never Sleeps (1979), Human Highway (1982), Greendale (2003), and CSNY/Déjà Vu (2008). He is currently working on a documentary about electric car technology, tentatively titled Linc/Volt. The project involves a 1959 Lincoln Continental converted to hybrid technology, which Young plans to drive to Washington, D.C. as an environmentalist example to lawmakers there.[15]
Young is an outspoken advocate for environmental issues and the welfare of small farmers, having co-founded in 1985 the benefit concert Farm Aid. In 1986, Young helped found The Bridge School,[16] an educational organization for children with severe verbal and physical disabilities, and its annual supporting Bridge School Benefit concerts, together with his wife Pegi Young (née Morton). Young has three children: sons Zeke (born during his relationship with actress Carrie Snodgress) and Ben, who were diagnosed with cerebral palsy, and daughter Amber Jean who, like Young himself, has epilepsy. Young lives on his ranch in La Honda, California. Although he has lived in northern California since the 1970s and sings as frequently about U.S. themes and subjects as he does about his native country, he retains Canadian citizenship, having no desire to relinquish it.[17] On July 14, 2006, Young was awarded the Order of Manitoba,[5] and on December 30, 2009, was made an Officer of the Order of Canada.[4]
Contents
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Life and career[link]
Early years (1945–1966)[link]
Neil Percival Young was born in Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, at 6:45 am on 12 November 1945. His father, Scott Alexander Young (1918–2005), was a journalist and sportswriter who would later rise to prominence in Canada for his work.[18] His mother, Edna Blow Ragland "Rassy" Young (1918–1990), was of American, French, and Irish ancestry, and a "member of the Daughters of the American Revolution".[19] They married in 1940 in Winnipeg, Manitoba, with their first son, Robert 'Bob' Young, being born in 1942.
Shortly after Neil's birth in 1945, the family decided to move to the rural town of Omemee, Ontario, which Neil would later fondly describe as a "sleepy little place".[20] Omemee later established the Youngtown Museum in tribute to Young.[21] Young was diagnosed with diabetes as a child,[22] and also suffered from a bout of polio in 1951, in what was the last major outbreak of the disease in Ontario.[23] This was in fact the same epidemic in which singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell, then aged nine, also contracted the virus.[24]
Following his recovery, the Young family went on holiday to Florida in the United States in 1952, and upon returning to Canada soon decided to move away from Omemee and into the city of Toronto, before relocating to Pickering, which was just east of Toronto, and then again to north Toronto soon afterward. It was during this period that Young began to take an interest in popular music that he heard on the radio, and also began to rear chickens in order to sell their eggs.[25]
When Neil was twelve, his father, who had been having a number of extra-marital affairs, left his mother, and she subsequently asked for, and received, a divorce some years later, in 1960. Due to the breakup of the family, Neil went to live with his mother, who moved back to Winnipeg, Manitoba, while his brother Bob stayed with his father in Toronto.[26]
"Neil bopped down Yonge Street. Very thin, very tall, with a greased-back D.A. on the sides but a crew cut on top. He had a transistor radio, white bucks, a nice sweater, black pants. Very slick-lookin' guy."
—Comrie Smith, Young's teenage friend[27]
During the mid-fifties, at around the age of ten or eleven, Young was drawn to a variety of musical genres including rock and roll, rockabilly, doo-wop, R&B, country, and western pop. He would listen to pop music broadcast on the CHUM radio station via his transistor radio.[28] Young has stated in interviews that growing up he idolized Elvis Presley and strived to be just like him, later referencing him in a number of his lyrics.[29] Other early musical influences included Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Fats Domino, The Chantels, The Monotones, Ronnie Self, The Fleetwoods, Jerry Lee Lewis, Johnny Cash, and Gogi Grant.[30] He first began to play music himself on a plastic ukulele, before, as he would later relate, going on to "a better ukulele to a banjo ukulele to a baritone ukulele – everything but a guitar."[31]
Neil and his mother settled into the working class area of Fort Rouge, Winnipeg where the shy, dry-humoured youth enrolled at Earl Grey Junior High School. It was there that he formed his first band, The Jades, and met Ken Koblun, later to join him in The Squires. While attending Kelvin High School in Winnipeg, he played in several instrumental rock bands. Young's first stable band was called The Squires, with Ken Koblun, Jeff Wuckert and Bill Edmondson on drums, who had a local hit called "The Sultan." Young dropped out of high school[32] and also played in Fort William (now part of the city of Thunder Bay, Ontario), where they recorded a series of demos produced by a local producer named Ray Dee, whom Young called "the original Briggs."[33] While there, Young first encountered Stephen Stills. In the 2006 film Heart of Gold, Young relates how he used to spend time as a teenager at Falcon Lake, Manitoba, where he would endlessly plug coins into the jukebox to hear Ian Tyson's "Four Strong Winds".
After leaving the Squires, Neil worked folk clubs in Winnipeg, where he first met Joni Mitchell.[34] Mitchell recalls Young as having been highly influenced by Bob Dylan at the time.[35] Here he wrote some of his earliest and most enduring folk songs such as "Sugar Mountain", about lost youth. Mitchell wrote "The Circle Game" in response.[36] Winnipeg band The Guess Who (Randy Bachman being their lead guitarist) had a Top 40 Canadian hit with Young's "Flying on the Ground is Wrong", which was Young's first major hit as a songwriter.
In 1965 Young toured Canada as a solo artist. In 1966, while in Toronto, he joined the Rick James-fronted Mynah Birds. The band managed to secure a record deal with the Motown label, but as their first album was being recorded, James was arrested for being AWOL from the Naval Reserve.[37] After the Mynah Birds disbanded, Young and bass player Bruce Palmer relocated to Los Angeles. Young admitted in a 2009 interview that he was in the United States illegally until receiving a green card in 1970.[38]
Buffalo Springfield (1966–1968)[link]
Main article: Buffalo Springfield
Once they reached Los Angeles, Young and Palmer met up with Stephen Stills, Richie Furay, and Dewey Martin to form Buffalo Springfield. A mixture of folk, country, psychedelia, and rock, lent a hard edge by the twin lead guitars of Stills and Young, made Buffalo Springfield a critical success, and their first record Buffalo Springfield (1966) sold well after Stills' topical song "For What It's Worth" became a hit, aided by Young's melodic harmonics played on electric guitar.
Distrust of their management, as well as the arrest and deportation of Palmer, exacerbated the already strained relations among the group members and led to Buffalo Springfield's demise. A second album, Buffalo Springfield Again, was released in late 1967, but two of Young’s three contributions were solo tracks recorded apart from the rest of the group.
In many ways, these three songs on Buffalo Springfield Again, "Mr. Soul", "Expecting To Fly", and "Broken Arrow", are harbingers of much of Young's later work in that, although they all share deeply personal, almost idiosyncratic lyrics, they also present three very different musical approaches to the arrangement of what is essentially an original folk song. "Mr Soul" is the only Young song of the three that all five members of the group performed together. In contrast, "Broken Arrow" was confessional folk-rock of a kind that would characterize much of the music that emerged from the singer-songwriter movement. Young’s experimental production intersperses each verse with snippets of sound from other sources, including opening the song with a sound bite of Dewey Martin singing "Mr. Soul" and closing it with the thumping of a heartbeat. "Expecting to Fly" was a lushly produced ballad similar to the baroque pop of the mid-1960s, featured a string arrangement that Young's co-producer for the track, Jack Nitzsche, would dub "symphonic pop."
In May 1968, the band split up for good, but in order to fulfill a contractual obligation, a final album Last Time Around was released, primarily from recordings made earlier that year. Young contributed the songs "On the Way Home" and "I Am a Child", singing lead on the latter. In 1997, the band was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame; Young did not appear at the ceremony. The three surviving members, Furay, Stills and Young, appeared together as Buffalo Springfield at Young's annual Bridge School Benefit on 23–24 October 2010 and are planning a reunion tour for early 2012.
Going solo, Crazy Horse & CSNY (1968–1970)[link]
- Main articles: Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young and Crazy Horse
After the breakup of Buffalo Springfield, Young signed a solo deal with Reprise Records, home of his colleague and friend Joni Mitchell, with whom he shared a manager, Elliot Roberts, who manages Young to this day. Young and Roberts immediately began work on Young's first solo record, Neil Young (November 1968), which received mixed reviews. In a 1970 interview,[39] Young deprecated the album as being "overdubbed rather than played," and the quest for music that expresses the spontaneity of the moment has long been a feature of his career. Nevertheless, the album contains some songs that remain a staple of his live shows, most notably "The Loner".
For his next album, Young recruited three musicians from a band called The Rockets: Danny Whitten on guitar, Billy Talbot on bass guitar, and Ralph Molina on drums. These three took the name Crazy Horse (after the historical figure of the same name), and Everybody Knows This Is Nowhere (May 1969), is credited to "Neil Young with Crazy Horse." Recorded in just two weeks, the album opens with one of Young's most familiar songs, "Cinnamon Girl," and is dominated by two more, "Cowgirl in the Sand" and "Down by the River," that feature lengthy jams showcasing Young's idiosyncratic guitar soloing accompanied sympathetically by Crazy Horse. Young reportedly wrote all three songs on the same day, while nursing a high fever of 103 °F (39 °C) in bed.[40]
Shortly after the release of Everybody Knows This Is Nowhere, Young reunited with Stephen Stills by joining Crosby, Stills, & Nash, who had already released one album as a trio. Young was originally offered a position as a sideman, but agreed to join only if he received full membership, and the group – winners of the 1969 "Best New Artist" Grammy Award – was renamed Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young.[41] The quartet debuted in Chicago on August 16, 1969, and later performed at the famous Woodstock Festival, during which Young skipped the acoustic set and refused to be filmed during the electric set, even telling the cameramen: "One of you fuckin' guys comes near me and I'm gonna fuckin' hit you with my guitar".[42] During the making of their first album, Déjà Vu, the musicians frequently argued, particularly Young and Stills, who both fought for control. Stills continued throughout their lifelong relationship to criticize Young, saying that he "wanted to play folk music in a rock band".[43] Despite the tension, Young's tenure with CSN&Y coincided with the band's most creative and successful period, and greatly contributed to his subsequent success as a solo artist.
"Ohio" was written following the Kent State massacre on May 4, 1970, and was a staple of anti-war rallies in the 1970s. The song was quickly recorded by CSNY and immediately released as a single, even though CSNY's "Teach Your Children" was still climbing the singles charts. In the late 1970s and for much of the 1980s, Young refrained from performing "Ohio" live, as he considered the song to be dated. In the wake of the 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre, Young revived the song in concert, often dedicating it to the Chinese students who were killed in the massacre. Crosby, Stills & Nash, as a trio, also returned the song to their live repertoire around the same time, even though Young had provided the lead vocals on the original recording.
[edit] After the Gold Rush, acoustic tour and Harvest (1970-1972)
Later in the year, Young released his third solo album, After the Gold Rush (1970), which featured, among others, a young Nils Lofgren, Stephen Stills, and CSNY bassist Greg Reeves. Young also recorded some tracks with Crazy Horse, but dismissed them early in the sessions. The eventual recording was less amplified than Everybody Knows This is Nowhere, with a wider range of sounds. Young's newfound fame with CSNY made the album his commercial breakthrough as a solo artist, and it contains some of his best known work, including "Tell Me Why" and "Don't Let It Bring You Down," the country-influenced singles "Only Love Can Break Your Heart" and "When You Dance," and the title track, played on piano, with dream-like lyrics that ran a gamut of subjects from drugs and interpersonal relationships to environmental concerns. Young’s bitter condemnation of racism in the heavy blues rock song "Southern Man" (along with a later song entitled "Alabama") was also controversial with southerners in an era of desegregation, prompting Lynyrd Skynyrd to decry Young by name in the lyrics to their hit "Sweet Home Alabama". However, Young said he was a fan of Skynyrd's music, and the band's front man Ronnie Van Zant was later photographed wearing a Tonight's the Night T-shirt on the cover of an album.
In the autumn of 1970, Young began a solo acoustic tour of North America, during which he played a variety of his Buffalo Springfield and CSNY songs on guitar and piano, along with material from his solo albums and a number of new songs. Some songs premiered by Young on the tour, like "Journey through the Past", would never find a home on a studio album, while other songs, like "See the Sky About to Rain", would only be released in coming years. With CSNY splitting up and Crazy Horse having signed their own record deal, Young's tour, now entitled "Journey Through the Past", continued into early 1971, and its focus shifted more to newer songs he had been writing; he famously remarked that having written so many, he could not think of anything to do but play them. Many gigs were sold out, including concerts at Carnegie Hall and a pair of acclaimed hometown shows at Toronto's Massey Hall, which were taped for a planned live album. The show became legendary among Young fans, and the recordings were officially released nearly 40 years later as an official bootleg in Young's Archive series.
Near the end of his tour, Young performed one of the new acoustic songs on the Johnny Cash on Campus TV show. "The Needle and the Damage Done", a somber lament on the pain caused by heroin addiction, had been inspired in part by the heavy heroin use of Crazy Horse member Danny Whitten, who eventually died of an overdose.[44][45] While in Nashville for the Cash taping, Young made a sudden connection with a new group of country-music session musicians, whom he christened The Stray Gators, and began playing with them; Linda Ronstadt and James Taylor also began to work with the group. Against the advice of his producer David Briggs, he scrapped plans for the imminent release of the live acoustic recording and quickly recorded much of his new material with the Stray Gators in Nashville, later adding two recordings made with an orchestra in London. The result was Young's fourth album, Harvest (1972), which would prove to be a massive hit. The only remnant left of the original concept was the album's live acoustic performance of the harrowing "Needle."
Young's more settled personal life was reflected in the rest of the Harvest album's mellow, pastoral tone. After his success with CSNY, Young had been able to purchase a ranch in rural Northern California (where he has lived since), writing the song "Old Man" in honor of the land's longtime caretaker, Louis Avila. On September 8, 1972, the actress Carrie Snodgress, with whom he had been living, gave birth to Neil Young's first child. (The boy, Zeke, was later diagnosed with cerebral palsy.) Young fell in love with Snodgress after seeing her in a movie, Diary of a Mad Housewife; Young wrote about this experience in the song "A Man Needs a Maid". Originally, for example in his Massey Hall concert, Young had played a fragment of another new song, "Heart of Gold," as part of "A Man Needs a Maid," but eventually, he separated the songs. "Heart of Gold," now played on guitar and harmonica, was released as the first single from Harvest, became a US number one single and remains the only No. 1 hit in his long career. "Old Man" was also immensely popular.
The album's recording had been almost accidental. Its mainstream success caught Young off guard, and his first instinct was to back away from stardom. In the Decade compilation, Young chose to include his greatest hits from the period, but his handwritten liner notes famously described "Heart of Gold" as the song that "put me in the middle of the road. Traveling there soon became a bore, so I headed for the ditch. A rougher ride but I saw more interesting people there."
The "Ditch" Trilogy and personal struggles (1972–1974)[link]
Although a new tour had been planned to follow up on the success of Harvest, it became apparent during rehearsals that Danny Whitten could not function due to drug abuse. On November 18, 1972, shortly after he was fired from the tour preparations, Whitten was found dead of an overdose. Young described the incident to Rolling Stone’s Cameron Crowe in 1975:[46] "[We] were rehearsing with him and he just couldn't cut it. He couldn't remember anything. He was too out of it. Too far gone. I had to tell him to go back to L.A. 'It's not happening, man. You're not together enough.' He just said, 'I've got nowhere else to go, man. How am I gonna tell my friends?' And he split. That night the coroner called me from L.A. and told me he'd OD'd. That blew my mind. I loved Danny. I felt responsible. And from there, I had to go right out on this huge tour of huge arenas. I was very nervous and ... insecure."
On the tour, Young struggled with his voice and with the constantly changing band lineups, and called David Crosby and Graham Nash to help perform some of the music. The album assembled in the aftermath of this incident, Time Fades Away (1973), has often been described by Young as "[his] least favorite record," and it is one of only two of Young’s early recordings that has yet to be officially re-released on CD (the other being the soundtrack album Journey Through the Past). Nevertheless, Young and his band tried several new musical approaches in this period. Time Fades Away, for instance, was recorded live, although it was an album of new material, an approach Young would repeat with more success later on. Time was the first of three consecutive commercial failures which would later become known collectively to fans as the "Ditch Trilogy", as contrasted with the more middle-of-the-road pop of Harvest. These subsequent albums were seen as more challenging expressions of Young's inner conflicts on achieving success, expressing both the specific struggles of his friends and himself, and the decaying idealism of his generation in America at the time.
In the second half of 1973, Young formed The Santa Monica Flyers, with Crazy Horse's rhythm section augmented by Nils Lofgren on guitar. Deeply affected by the drug-induced deaths of Whitten and roadie Bruce Berry, Young recorded an album specifically inspired by the incidents, Tonight's the Night. The album's dark tone and rawness led Reprise to delay and Young had to pressure them for two years before they would release it.[47] While his record company delayed the release, Young recorded another album, On the Beach (1974), which presented a more melodic, acoustic sound at times, including a recording of the older song "See the Sky About to Rain", but dealt with similarly dark themes such as the collapse of 1960s folk ideals, the downside of success and the underbelly of the Californian lifestyle. Like Time Fades Away, it sold poorly but eventually became a critical favorite, presenting some of Young's most original work. A review of the 2003 re-release on CD of On the Beach described the music as "mesmerizing, harrowing, lucid, and bleary".[48]
After completing On the Beach, Young reunited with Harvest producer Elliot Mazer to record another acoustic album, Homegrown. Most of the songs were written after Young's breakup with Carrie Snodgress, and thus the tone of the album was somewhat dark. Though Homegrown was reportedly entirely complete, Young decided, not for the first or last time in his career, to drop it and release something else instead, in this case, Tonight's the Night, at the suggestion of Band bassist Rick Danko.[49] Young further explained his move by saying: "It was a little too personal ... it scared me".[49] Most of the songs from Homegrown were later incorporated into other Young albums, but the original album never surfaced. Tonight's the Night, when finally released in 1975, sold poorly, as had the previous albums of the "ditch" trilogy, and received mixed reviews at the time, but is now regarded as a landmark album. In Young's own opinion, it was the closest he ever came to art.[50]
[edit] Reunions, retrospectives and Rust Never Sleeps (1975–1979)
Young reformed Crazy Horse with Frank Sampedro on guitar as his backup band for his eighth album, Zuma (1975). Many of the songs are overtly concerned with failed relationships, and even the epic "Cortez the Killer", a retelling of the Spanish conquest of Mexico from the viewpoint of the Aztecs, may also be heard as an allegory of love lost. The song's deeply emotional lyrics and searing guitar solos made it one of Young's most enduring songs in concert over the next several decades. Zuma's closing track, "Through My Sails," was the only released fragment from aborted sessions with Crosby, Stills and Nash for another group album. The following year, Young reunited with Stephen Stills for the album Long May You Run (1976), credited to The Stills-Young Band; the follow-up tour was ended midway through by Young, who sent Stills a telegram that read: "Funny how some things that start spontaneously end that way. Eat a peach, Neil."[51]
In 1976, Young performed with Bob Dylan, Joni Mitchell, and numerous other rock musicians in the high profile all-star concert The Last Waltz, the final performance by The Band. The release of Martin Scorsese's movie of the concert was delayed while Scorsese unwillingly re-edited it to obscure the lump of cocaine that was clearly visible hanging from Young's nose during his performance of "Helpless."[52] American Stars 'N Bars (1977) contained two songs originally recorded for the Homegrown album, "Homegrown" and "Star of Bethlehem," as well as newer material, including the future concert staple "Like a Hurricane". Performers on the record included Linda Ronstadt, Emmylou Harris and Young protégé Nicolette Larson along with Crazy Horse. In 1977, Young also released the compilation Decade, a personally selected set of songs spanning every aspect of his work, including a handful of previously unreleased songs. The record's sequencing, unusually for the time, resembled a live setlist and included less commercial album favorites alongside Young's greatest radio hits.
Comes a Time (1978), Young's first entirely new solo recording since the mid 1970s, also featured Nicolette Larson and Crazy Horse and became Young's most commercially accessible album in quite some time, marked by a return to Young's folk roots, including a cover of Ian Tyson's "Four Strong Winds," a song Young associated with his childhood in Canada. In 1978 much of the filming was done for Young's film Human Highway, which took its name from one of the album's songs. Over four years Young would spend US$3,000,000 of his own money on production. This also marked the beginning of his brief collaboration with the post-punk band Devo, whose members appeared in the film.[53]
Young set out in 1978 on the lengthy "Rust Never Sleeps" tour, in which he played a wealth of new material. Each concert was divided into a solo acoustic set and an electric set with Crazy Horse. The electric sets, more furiously distorted than Young's work in the past, were later seen as a response to punk rock. One new song, "Hey Hey, My My (Into the Black)", was a centerpiece of the new material, and Young played it in both acoustic and electric renditions. Its blunt, but cryptic, lyrics have been among Young's most widely quoted ever since, addressing fame, commerce and rock n' roll, which according to Young's opening lines, "can never die." Young also compared the rise of Johnny Rotten with that of the recently deceased "King" Elvis Presley, who himself had once been disparaged as a dangerous influence only to later become an icon. Rotten returned the favour by playing one of Young's records on a London radio show, an early sign of Young's eventual embrace by a number of punk-influenced alternative musicians.
Young's two accompanying albums Rust Never Sleeps (new material, culled from live recordings, but featuring studio overdubs) and Live Rust (a mixture of old and new, and a genuine concert recording) captured the two sides of the concerts, with solo acoustic songs on side A, and fierce, uptempo, electric songs on side B. A movie version of the concerts, also called Rust Never Sleeps (1979), was directed by Young under the pseudonym Bernard Shakey. Young worked with rock artist Jim Evans to create the poster art for the film, using the "Star Wars" Jawas as a theme. Young's work since Harvest had alternated between being rejected by mass audiences and being seen as backward-looking by critics, sometimes both at once, and now he was suddenly viewed as relevant by a new generation, who began to discover his earlier work. Readers and critics of Rolling Stone voted him Artist of the Year for 1979 (along with The Who), selected Rust Never Sleeps as Album Of The Year, and voted him Male Vocalist of the Year as well. The Village Voice named Rust Never Sleeps as the year's winner in the Pazz & Jop Poll, a survey of nationwide critics, and honored Young as the Artist of the Decade.
Experimental years (1980–1988)[link]
The 1980s were often difficult times for Young, both personally and professionally. At the start of the decade, distracted by domestic medical concerns relating to his second disabled son, Ben, Young had little time to spend on writing and recording.[54] After providing the incidental music to a 1980 biopic of Hunter S. Thompson entitled Where the Buffalo Roam, Young released Hawks & Doves, a short record pieced together from sessions going back to 1974.[54] 1981's Re-ac-tor, an electric album recorded with Crazy Horse, also included material from the 1970s.[55] Young did not tour in support of either album; in total, he played only one show, a set at the 1980 Bread and Roses Festival in Berkeley,[56] between the end of his 1978 tour with Crazy Horse and the start of his tour with the Trans Band in mid-1982.
"The 80s were really good. The 80s were like, artistically, very strong for me, because I knew no boundaries and was experimenting with everything that I could come across, sometimes with great success, sometimes with terrible results, but nonetheless I was able to do this, and I was able to realize that I wasn’t in a box, and I wanted to establish that."
—Neil Young[57]
The 1982 album Trans, which incorporated vocoders, synthesizers, and electronic beats, was Young's first for new label Geffen Records (distributed at the time by Warner Bros. Records, whose parent Warner Music Group owns most of Young's solo and band catalog) and represented a distinct stylistic departure. Young later revealed that an inspiration for the album was the theme of technology and communication with his son Ben, who has severe cerebral palsy and cannot speak.[58] An extensive tour preceded the release of the album, and was documented by the video Neil Young in Berlin, which saw release in 1986. MTV played the video for "Sample and Hold" in light rotation. The entire song contained "robot vocals" by Neil and Nils Lofgren of the E-Street Band.
Young's next album, 1983's Everybody's Rockin', included several rockabilly covers and clocked in at less than twenty-five minutes in length. Young was backed by the Shocking Pinks for the supporting U.S. tour. Trans had already drawn the ire of label head David Geffen for its lack of commercial appeal, and with Everybody's Rockin' following only seven months later, Geffen Records sued Young for making music "unrepresentative" of himself.[59] The album was also notable as the first for which Young made commercial music videos – Tim Pope directed the videos for "Wonderin'" and "Cry, Cry, Cry". Also premiered in 1983, though little seen, was the eclectic full-length comedy film Human Highway, co-directed and co-written by Young, and starring Young, Dean Stockwell, Russ Tamblyn, Dennis Hopper and members of Devo.
1984 was the first year without a Neil Young album since the start of Young's musical career with Buffalo Springfield in 1966. Young's lack of productivity was largely due to the ongoing legal battle with Geffen, although he was also frustrated that the label had rejected his 1982 country album Old Ways.[60] It was also the year when Young's third child, his second with wife Pegi, was born: his daughter Amber Jean, a child who was later diagnosed with inherited epilepsy. Young spent most of 1984 and all of 1985 touring for Old Ways with his country band, the International Harvesters. The album was finally released in an altered form midway through 1985. Young also appeared at that year's Live Aid concert in Philadelphia, collaborating with Crosby, Stills and Nash for the quartet's first performance for a paying audience in over ten years.
Young's last two albums for Geffen were more conventional in genre, although they incorporated production techniques like synthesizers and echoing drums that were previously uncommon in Young's music. Young recorded 1986's Landing on Water without Crazy Horse, but reunited with the band for the subsequent year-long tour and final Geffen album, Life, which emerged in 1987. Young's album sales dwindled steadily throughout the eighties; today Life remains his all-time-least successful studio album, with an estimated four hundred thousand sales worldwide.[61]
Switching back to his old label Reprise Records, Young continued to tour relentlessly, assembling a new blues band called The Bluenotes in mid-1987 (a legal dispute with musician Harold Melvin forced the eventual rechristening of the band as Ten Men Working midway through the tour). The addition of a brass section provided a new jazzier sound, and the title track of 1988's This Note's For You became Young's first hit single of the decade. Accompanied by a video that parodied corporate rock, the pretensions of advertising, and Michael Jackson, the song was initially unofficially banned by MTV for mentioning the brand names of some of their sponsors. Young wrote an open letter, "What does the M in MTV stand for: music or money?" Despite this, the video was eventually named best video of the year by the network in 1989.[62] By comparison, the major music cable network of Young's home nation, Muchmusic, ran the video immediately.
Young reunited with Crosby, Stills and Nash to record the 1988 album American Dream and play two benefit concerts late in the year, but the group did not embark upon a full tour. The album was only the second-ever studio record for the quartet.
Return to prominence (1989–1999)[link]
Young's 1989 single "Rockin' in the Free World", which hit #2 on the U.S. mainstream-rock charts, and accompanying album, Freedom, rocketed him back into the popular consciousness after a decade of sometimes-difficult genre experiments. The album's lyrics were often overtly political; "Rockin' in the Free World" deals with homelessness, terrorism, and environmental degradation, implicitly criticizing the government policies of President George H.W. Bush.[63]
The use of heavy feedback and distortion on several Freedom tracks was reminiscent of the Rust Never Sleeps album, and foreshadowed the imminent rise of grunge. The rising stars of the genre, including Nirvana's Kurt Cobain and Pearl Jam's Eddie Vedder, frequently cited Young as a major influence, contributing to his popular revival. A tribute album called The Bridge: A Tribute to Neil Young was released in 1989, featuring covers by alternative and grunge acts including Sonic Youth, Nick Cave, Soul Asylum, Dinosaur Jr, and the Pixies.
Young's 1990 album Ragged Glory, recorded with Crazy Horse in a barn on his Northern California ranch, continued this distortion-heavy aesthetic. Young toured for the album with Orange County, California country-punk band Social Distortion and alternative rock pioneers Sonic Youth as support, much to the consternation of many of his old fans.[64] Weld, a two-disc live album documenting the tour, was released in 1991.[64] Sonic Youth's influence was most evident on Arc, a 35-minute collage of feedback and distortion spliced together at the suggestion of Sonic Youth's Thurston Moore and originally packaged with some versions of Weld.[64]
1992's Harvest Moon marked an abrupt return to the country and folk-rock stylings of Harvest and reunited him with some of the musicians from that album, including singers Linda Ronstadt and James Taylor. The title track was a minor hit and the record was well received by critics, winning the Juno Award for Album of the Year in 1994. Young also contributed to Randy Bachman's nostalgic 1992 tune "Prairie Town," and garnered a 1993 Academy Award nomination for his song "Philadelphia", from the soundtrack of the Jonathan Demme movie of the same name. An MTV Unplugged performance and album emerged in 1993. Later that year, Young collaborated with Booker T. and the M.G.s for a summer tour of Europe and North America. Some European shows ended with a rendition of "Rockin' in the Free World" played with Pearl Jam, foreshadowing their eventual full-scale collaboration two years later.
In 1994 Young again collaborated with Crazy Horse for Sleeps with Angels, a record whose dark, sombre mood was influenced by Kurt Cobain's death earlier that year: the title track in particular dealt with Cobain's life and death, without mentioning him by name. Cobain had quoted Young's lyric "It's better to burn out than fade away" (a line from "My My, Hey Hey") in his suicide note. Young had reportedly made repeated attempts to contact Cobain prior to his death.[65] Still enamored with the grunge scene, Young reconnected with Pearl Jam in 1995 for the live-in-the-studio album Mirror Ball and a tour of Europe with the band and producer Brendan O'Brien backing Young. 1995 also marked Young's induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, where he was inducted by Eddie Vedder.
- "Young has consistently demonstrated the unbridled passion of an artist who understands that self-renewal is the only way to avoid burning out. For this reason, he has remained one of the most significant artists of the rock and roll era." – Rock and Roll Hall of Fame website.[66]
Young's next collaborative partner was filmmaker Jim Jarmusch, who asked Young to compose a soundtrack to his 1995 black and white western film Dead Man. Young's instrumental soundtrack was improvised while he watched the film alone in a studio. The death of longtime mentor, friend, and producer David Briggs in late 1995 prompted Young to reconnect with Crazy Horse the following year for the album and tour Broken Arrow. A Jarmusch-directed concert film and live album of the tour, Year of the Horse, emerged in 1997. From 1996–97 Young and Crazy Horse toured extensively throughout Europe and North America, including a stint as part of the H.O.R.D.E. Festival's sixth annual tour.
In 1998, Young renewed his collaboration with the rock band Phish, sharing the stage at the annual Farm Aid concert and then at Young's Bridge School Benefit, where he joined headliners Phish for renditions of "Helpless" and "I Shall Be Released."[67] Phish declined Young's later invitation to be his backing band on his 1999 North American tour.
The decade ended with the release in late 1999 of Looking Forward, another reunion with Crosby, Stills and Nash. The subsequent tour of the United States and Canada with the reformed super quartet earned US$42.1 million, making it the eighth largest grossing tour of 2000.
Renewed activism and brush with death (2000s)[link]
Neil Young continued to release new material at a rapid pace through the first decade of the new millennium. The studio album Silver & Gold and live album Road Rock Vol. 1 were released in 2000 and were both accompanied by live concert films. His 2001 single "Let's Roll" was a tribute to the victims of the September 11 attacks, and the effective action taken by the passengers and crew on Flight 93 in particular.[68] At the "America: A Tribute to Heroes" benefit concert for the victims of the attacks, Young performed John Lennon's "Imagine" and accompanied Eddie Vedder and Mike McCready on "Long Road", a Pearl Jam song that was written with Young during the Mirrorball sessions. "Let's Roll" was included on 2002's Are You Passionate?, an album mostly composed of mellow love songs dedicated to Young's wife, Pegi, backed by Booker T & the MGs.
In 2003, Young released Greendale, a concept album recorded with Crazy Horse members Billy Talbot and Ralph Molina. The songs loosely revolved around the murder of a police officer in a small town in California and its effects on the town's inhabitants.[69] Under the pseudonym "Bernard Shakey", Young directed an accompanying film of the same name, featuring actors lip-synching to the music from the album. He toured extensively with the Greendale material throughout 2003 and 2004, first with a solo, acoustic version in Europe, then with a full-cast stage show in North America, Japan, and Australia. Young began using biodiesel on the 2004 Greendale tour, powering his trucks and tour buses with the fuel. "Our Greendale tour is now ozone friendly," he said. "I plan to continue to use this government approved and regulated fuel exclusively from now on to prove that it is possible to deliver the goods anywhere in North America without using foreign oil, while being environmentally responsible."[70] Young spent the latter portion of 2004 giving a series of intimate acoustic concerts in various cities with his wife, who is a trained vocalist and guitar player.
In March 2005, while working on the Prairie Wind album in Nashville, Young was diagnosed with a brain aneurysm. He was treated successfully with a minimally invasive neuroradiological procedure, performed in a New York hospital on March 29,[71] but two days afterwards he passed out on a New York street from bleeding from the femoral artery, which surgeons had used to access the aneurysm.[72] The complication forced Young to cancel his scheduled appearance at the Juno Awards telecast in Winnipeg, but within months he was back on stage, appearing at the close of the Live 8 concert in Barrie, Ontario, on July 2. During the performance, he debuted a new song, a soft hymn called "When God Made Me". Young's brush with death influenced Prairie Wind's themes of retrospection and mortality.[73] The album's live premiere in Nashville was immortalized by filmmaker Jonathan Demme in the 2006 film Neil Young: Heart of Gold.
Young's renewed activism manifested itself in the 2006 album Living With War, which like the much earlier song "Ohio," was recorded and released in less than a month as a direct result of current events.[74] In early 2006, three years after the US invasion of Iraq, the sectarian war and casualties there were escalating. While doing errands on a visit to his daughter, Young had seen a newspaper photo of wounded US veterans on a transport plane to Germany, and noticing that the same paper devoted little actual coverage to the story, he was unable to get the image out of his head, realizing the suffering caused to families by the war had not truly registered to him and most Americans who were not directly affected by it. Young broke down crying, and immediately got his guitar out and began to write multiple songs at once. Within a few days he had completed work and assembled a band. He later said he had restrained himself for a long time from writing any protest songs, waiting for someone younger, with a different perspective, but no one seemed to be saying anything.
Most of the album's songs rebuked the Bush administration's policy of war by examining its human costs to soldiers, their loved ones, and civilians, but Young also included a few songs on other themes, and an outright protest titled, "Let's Impeach the President",[75] in which he stated that Bush had lied to lead the country into war. Young's lyrics in another song named Illinois Senator Barack Obama, who had not declared any intention to run for president at the time and was widely unexpected to be able to win either the Democratic Party nomination or a general election, as potentially a replacement for Bush. That summer, Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young reunited for the supporting "Freedom Of Speech Tour '06", in which they played Young's new protest songs alongside the group's older material, meeting with both enthusiasm and anger from different fans, some of whom were supportive of Bush politically. CSNY Déjà Vu, a concert film of the tour directed by Young himself, was released in 2008, along with an accompanying live album.
While Young had never been a stranger to eco-friendly lyrics, themes of environmentalist spirituality and activism became increasingly prominent in his work throughout the 1990s and 2000s, especially on Greendale[76] and Living With War.[77] The trend continued on 2007's Chrome Dreams II, with lyrics exploring Young's personal eco-spirituality.[78] Also in 2007, Young accepted an invitation to participate in Goin' Home: A Tribute to Fats Domino, contributing his version of "Walking to New Orleans".
In 2008, Young revealed his latest project, the production of a hybrid-engine 1959 Lincoln called Lincvolt.[79] A new album loosely based on the Lincvolt project, Fork in the Road, was released on April 7, 2009.[80] The album, partly composed of love songs to the car, also commented on the economic crisis, with one narrator attacking the Wall Street bailouts enacted in late 2008. Unfortunately, the car caught fire in November 2010, in a California warehouse, and along the way it burned an estimated US$850,000 worth of Young's rock and roll memorabilia collection. Initial reports suggest the fire might have been triggered by an error in the vehicle's plug-in charging system. Young blamed the fire on human error and said he and his team were committed to rebuilding the car. "The wall charging system was not completely tested and had never been left unattended. A mistake was made. It was not the fault of the car", he said.
A Jonathan Demme concert film from a 2007 concert at the Tower Theater in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania, called the Neil Young Trunk Show premiered on March 21, 2009, at the South by Southwest (SXSW) Film Conference and Festival in Austin, Texas. It was featured at the Cannes Film Festival on May 17, 2009 and was released in the US on March 19, 2010[81] to critical acclaim.[82][83][84]
Young's most recent album appearance was on the album Potato Hole, released on April 21, 2009 by Memphis organ player Booker T. Jones, of Booker T. & the MGs fame. Young plays guitar on nine of the album's ten instrumental tracks, alongside Drive-By Truckers, who already had three guitar players, giving some songs on the album a total of five guitar tracks. Jones contributed guitars on a couple of tracks.
Young continues to tour extensively. In 2009, he headlined the Glastonbury Festival in Pilton, England,[85] at Hard Rock Calling in London (where he was joined onstage by Paul McCartney for a rendition of "A Day in the Life") and, after years of unsuccessful booking attempts, the Isle of Wight Festival[86] in addition to performances at the Big Day Out festival in New Zealand and Australia and the Primavera Sound Festival in Barcelona.
New performances (2010s)[link]
On January 22, 2010, Young performed "Long May You Run" on the final episode of The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien. On the same night, he and Dave Matthews performed the Hank Williams song "Alone and Forsaken", for the Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief charity telethon, in response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake. Young also performed "Long May You Run" at the closing ceremony of the 2010 Olympic winter games in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. In May 2010, it was revealed Young had begun working on a new studio album produced by Daniel Lanois. This was announced by David Crosby, who said that the album "will be a very heartfelt record. I expect it will be a very special record."[87] On May 18, 2010, Young embarked upon a North American solo tour to promote his then upcoming album, Le Noise, playing a mix of older songs and new material. Although billed as a solo acoustic tour, Young also played some songs on electric guitars, including Old Black.[88] Young continued his Twisted Road tour with a short East Coast venture during spring 2011. Young also contributed vocals to the Elton John–Leon Russell album The Union, singing the second stanza on the track "Gone to Shiloh" and providing backing vocals.
In September 2011, Jonathan Demme's third documentary film on the singer songwriter, Neil Young Journeys, premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival.[89] Like Demme's earlier work with Young, most of the film consists of a simply filmed live performance, in this case, Young's homecoming show in May 2011 at Toronto's Massey Hall, four decades after he first played at the iconic venue. Playing old songs, as well as new ones from Le Noise, Young performs solo on both electric and acoustic instruments. His performance is a counterpoint to Demme's footage of Young's return to Omemee, Ontario, the small town near Toronto where he grew up, which has now become physically unrecognizable, though he vividly recalls events from his childhood there.
Young currently lives near[90] La Honda, California, on his Broken Arrow Ranch, named after one of his early Buffalo Springfield songs.[91] The original 140-acre (0.57 km2) parcel was purchased in 1970 for US$350,000 cash[92] and has grown to thousands of acres.[93][94][95]
On January 22, 2012, the Master Class at Slamdance Festival featured Coffee with Neil Young & Jonathan Demme for their new film Journeys. A report from the event by Bob & Kim C. revealed that Neil Young has been recording with Crazy Horse. One album is complete and they are working on another.
Neil Young and Crazy Horse performed a full-on grunge version of the Beatles' "I Saw Her Standing There" for Paul McCartney's MusiCares Person of the Year dinner on February 10, 2012, in Hollywood.[96]
Neil Young & Crazy Horse released the album Americana . Its release is scheduled for June 5, 2012.This will be Young's first collaboration with Crazy Horse since the Greendale album and tour in 2003 and 2004. The record is a tribute to national anthems that jumps from "This Land Is Your Land" to "Clementine" [97]
Archives project[link]
Main article: Neil Young Archives
As far back as 1988, Young spoke in interviews of his efforts to compile his unreleased material and to remaster his existing catalog. The collection was eventually titled the Neil Young Archives Series. The first installment, entitled The Archives Vol. 1 1963–1972, was originally planned for a 2007 release but was delayed, and released on June 2, 2009.
Three performances from the Performance Series of the archives were released individually before The Archives Vol. 1. Live at the Fillmore East, a selection of songs from a 1970 gig with Crazy Horse, was released in 2006. Live at Massey Hall 1971, a solo acoustic set from Toronto's Massey Hall, saw release in 2007. Sugar Mountain - Live At Canterbury House 1968, an early solo performance and, chronologically, the first disc in the performance series, emerged late in 2008.
In an interview in 2008, Neil Young discussed Toast, an album originally recorded with Crazy Horse in San Francisco in 2000 but never released.[98] The album will be part of the Special Edition Series of the Archives. No release date currently exists for Toast. The album A Treasure, with live tracks from 1985 sessions with the International Harvesters, during a time when he was being sued by Geffen Records, was released in June 2011.
On July 14, 2009, Young's first four solo albums were reissued as remastered HDCD discs and digital downloads as discs 1–4 of the Original Release Series of the Archives.
Awards and recognitions[link]
- 2011 Juno Awards Artist of the Year, Adult Alternative Album of the Year, and Allan Waters Humanitarian Award
- 2011 Grammy Awards Best Rock Song "Angry World" – Neil Young, songwriter
- 2010 Grammy Awards Best Art Direction On A Boxed/Special Limited Edition Package "Archives Volume One 1963-1973" – Neil Young, Gary Burden, Jenice Heo
- Canadian Music Hall of Fame, 1982
- Rock and Roll Hall of Fame He has been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice. First in 1995 for his solo work, with an induction speech given by Eddie Vedder, and again in 1997 as a member of Buffalo Springfield.
As one of the original founders of Farm Aid, he remains an active member of the board of directors. For one weekend each October, in Mountain View, California, he and his wife host the Bridge School Concerts, which have been drawing international talent and sell-out crowds for nearly two decades with some of the biggest names in rock having performed at the event including Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Bruce Springsteen, David Bowie, The Who, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails, Tom Waits, Thom Yorke of Radiohead, R.E.M, Foo Fighters, Metallica, Pearl Jam, Sonic Youth, The Smashing Pumpkins, Paul McCartney and Dave Matthews. The concerts are a benefit for the Bridge School, which develops and uses advanced technologies to aid in the instruction of children with disabilities. Young's involvement stems at least partially from the fact that both of his sons have cerebral palsy and his daughter, like Young himself, has epilepsy.
Young was nominated for an Oscar in 1994 for his song "Philadelphia" from the film Philadelphia. Bruce Springsteen won the award for his song "Streets of Philadelphia" from the same film. In his acceptance speech, Springsteen said that "the award really deserved to be shared by the other nominee's song." That same night, Tom Hanks accepted the Oscar for Best Actor and gave credit for his inspiration to the song "Philadelphia".
He was part owner of Lionel, LLC, a company that makes toy trains and model railroad accessories.[99] In 2008 Lionel emerged from bankruptcy and his shares of the company were wiped out. At this time his status with Lionel is unknown, according to Lionel CEO Jerry Calabrese he is still a consultant for Lionel. He was instrumental in the design of the Lionel Legacy control system for model trains[99] and it is believed he will continue to develop the system. Young has been named as co-inventor on seven U.S. Patents related to model trains.[100]
Young has twice received honorary doctorates. He received an Honorary Doctorate of Music from Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario in 1992, and an Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from San Francisco State University in 2006. The latter honour was shared with his wife Pegi for their creation of the Bridge School. In 2006, Young was given Manitoba's highest civilian honour, when he was appointed to the Order of Manitoba. In 2009, he was then given Canada's highest civilian honour, when he was appointed to the Order of Canada.
Rolling Stone magazine in 2000, ranked Young thirty-fourth in its list of the 100 greatest artists of all time,[101] and in 2003, included five of his albums in its list of 500 greatest albums of all time.[102] In 2000, Young was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame.[103] In 2006, Paste magazine compiled a "Greatest Living Songwriters" list; Young was ranked second behind Bob Dylan. (While Young and Dylan have occasionally played together in concert, they have never collaborated on a song together, or played on each others' records). He ranked thirty-ninth on VH1's 100 Greatest Artist of Hard Rock that same year. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame explained that while Young has "avoided sticking to one style for very long, the unifying factors throughout Young’s peripatetic musical journey have been his unmistakable voice, his raw and expressive guitar playing, and his consummate songwriting skill."[7]
Young's political outspokenness and social awareness influenced artists such as Blind Melon, Phish, Pearl Jam, and Nirvana. Young is referred to as "the Godfather of Grunge" because of the influence he had on Kurt Cobain and Eddie Vedder and the entire grunge movement. Eddie Vedder of Pearl Jam inducted Young into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995, citing him as a huge influence. Young is cited as being a significant influence on experimental rock artists Sonic Youth, Jesse Marchant,[104] and Thom Yorke of Radiohead. Yorke recounted of first hearing Young after sending a demo tape into a magazine when he was 16, who favourably compared his singing voice to Young's. Unaware of Young at that time, he bought After the Gold Rush, and "immediately fell in love" with his work, calling it "extraordinary".[105] Dave Matthews lists Neil Young as one of his favorite and most inspirational songwriters and covers his songs on occasion. The British Indie band The Bluetones named their number one debut album after the song "Expecting to Fly" (written by Young when still with Buffalo Springfield) and have covered the song while touring. Young also inspired Oasis singer-songwriter Noel Gallagher, with Gallagher covering "My My, Hey Hey (Into the Black)" on the live album Familiar to Millions.
The Australian rock group Powderfinger named themselves after Young's song "Powderfinger" from Rust Never Sleeps. The members of the Constantines have occasionally played Neil Young tribute shows under the name Horsey Craze.[106] While in Winnipeg on November 2, 2008 during the Canadian leg of his tour, Bob Dylan visited Young's former home in River Heights, where Young spent his teenage years. Dylan was interested in seeing the room where some of Young's first songs were composed.
Jason Bond, an East Carolina University biologist, discovered a new species of trapdoor spider in 2007 and named it Myrmekiaphila neilyoungi after Young,[107] his favorite singer.[108]
In 2001, Young was awarded the Spirit of Liberty award from the civil liberties group People for the American Way. Young was honored as the MusiCares Person of the Year on January 29, 2010, two nights prior to the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards. He was also nominated for two Grammy Awards: Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance for "Fork In The Road" and Best Boxed or Special Limited Edition Package for "Neil Young Archives Vol. I (1963–1972)". Young won the latter Grammy Award. In 2010, he was ranked #26 in Gibson.com’s Top 50 Guitarists of All Time.[109]
Juno Awards[link]
| Year | Category | Nominated work | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | Artist of the Year | Neil Young | Won |
| Adult Alternative Album of the Year | Le Noise | Won | |
| 2008 | Adult Alternative Album of the Year | Chrome Dreams II | Nominated |
| 2007 | Adult Alternative Album of the Year | Living With War | Won |
| 2006 | Adult Alternative Album of the Year | Prairie Wind | Nominated |
| Jack Richardson Producer of the Year | "The Painter" | Won | |
| Songwriter of the Year | "The Painter", "When God Made Me", "Prairie Wind" | Nominated | |
| 2001 | Best Male Artist | Neil Young | Won |
| Best Roots & Traditional Album – Solo | Silver & Gold | Nominated | |
| 1997 | Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| 1996 | Best Rock Album | Mirror Ball | Nominated |
| Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated | |
| 1995 | Songwriter of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Won | |
| Entertainer of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated | |
| 1994 | Single of the Year | "Harvest Moon" | Nominated |
| Album of the Year | Harvest Moon | Won | |
| 1993 | Songwriter of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated | |
| 1991 | Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| 1990 | Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| 1989 | Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| 1986 | Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| 1982 | Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| 1981 | Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| 1980 | Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| 1979 | Male Vocalist of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
| 1975 | Composer of the Year | Neil Young | Nominated |
Instruments[link]
Guitars[link]
In 2003, Rolling Stone listed Young as eighty-third in its ranking of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" (although in a more recent version of the list, he has been moved up to seventeenth place), describing him as a "restless experimenter...who transform[s] the most obvious music into something revelatory."[110] Young is a collector of second-hand guitars, but in recording and performing, he frequently uses just a few instruments, as is explained by his longtime guitar technician Larry Cragg in the film Neil Young: Heart of Gold. They include:
- 1953 Gibson Les Paul Goldtop. Nicknamed "Old Black", this is Young's primary electric guitar and is featured on Rust Never Sleeps and other albums. Old Black got its name from an amateur paintjob applied to the originally gold body of the instrument, sometime before Neil acquired the guitar in the late 1960s. In 1972, a mini humbucker pickup from a Gibson Firebird was installed in the lead/treble position. This pickup, severely microphonic, is considered a crucial component of Neil's sound. A Bigsby vibrato tailpiece was installed as early as 1969, and can be heard during the opening of "Cowgirl in the Sand" from Everybody Knows This Is Nowhere.
- Martin D-45. His primary steel-string acoustic guitar, used to write "Old Man" and many other songs. It was one of four instruments bought by Stephen Stills for himself and his band-mates in CSNY in order to celebrate their first full concert at the Greek Theater in 1969.
- Martin D-28. Nicknamed "Hank" after its previous owner, Hank Williams. Hank Williams, Jr., had traded it for some shotguns; it went through a succession of other owners until it was located by Young's longtime friend Grant Boatwright. The guitar was purchased by Young from Tut Taylor. Young has toured with it for over 30 years. A story about the guitar and the song it inspired, "This Old Guitar," can be seen about 50 minutes into the film Neil Young: Heart of Gold. It is Young's primary guitar for Prairie Wind.
- Vintage Martin D-18: Young used an old D-18 throughout his early days performing in coffee houses in Canada and on some early Buffalo Springfield work, before he received the D-45 from Stills. It can also be seen on unreleased footage from the Woodstock documentary, particularly on an exceptional acoustic duet of the Buffalo Springfield track "Mr. Soul" with Stills. The guitar has often been used to carry "dropped standard tuning" (DGCFAD) which Young often uses in concert. This allowed him to perform songs such as "Ambulance Blues" and "Don't let it Bring You Down" live without having to tune all 6 strings onstage.
Other notable (or odd) instruments played by Young include:
- Taylor 855 12-string, used in the first half of Rust Never Sleeps.
- 1927 Gibson Mastertone, a six-string banjo tuned like a guitar, used on many recordings and played by James Taylor on "Old Man."
- Gretsch 6120 (Chet Atkins model). Before Young bought Old Black, this was his primary electric guitar during his Buffalo Springfield days.
- Gretsch White Falcon. Young purchased a late 1950s model near the end of the Buffalo Springfield era; in 1969 he bought a stereo version of the same vintage guitar from Stephen Stills, and this instrument is featured prominently during Young's early 1970s period, and can be heard on tracks like "Ohio," "Southern Man," "Alabama," "Words (Between the Lines of Age)," and "L.A.". It was Young's primary electric guitar during the Harvest era, since Young's deteriorating back condition (eventually fixed with surgery) made playing the much heavier Les Paul difficult.[111] This particular White Falcon is the stereo 6137, in which the signal from the three bass strings is separated from the signal from the three treble strings. Young typically plays this guitar in this stereo mode, sending the separate signals to two different amps, a Fender Deluxe and either a Fender Tremolux or a low-powered Tweed Fender Twin. The separation of the signals is most prominently heard on the Harvest song "Words."
- Gibson Flying V, on the Time Fades Away tour.
- Fender Broadcaster, on the Tonight's the Night album and tour.
Reed organ[link]
Young owns an Estey reed organ, serial number 167272, dating from 1885, which he frequently plays in concert and which was recently restored. The instrument and its restoration are documented in The Reed Society Quarterly (30.1: 6ff); a photograph of the instrument is on the cover.
Amplification[link]
Young uses various vintage Fender Tweed Deluxe amplifiers. His preferred amplifier for electric guitar is the Fender Deluxe, specifically a Tweed-era model from 1959. He purchased his first vintage Deluxe in 1967 for US$50 from the drummer of Crazy Horse, Ralph Molina, and has since acquired nearly 450 different examples, all from the same era, but he maintains that it is the original model that sounds superior and is crucial to his trademark sound.
The Tweed Deluxe is almost always used in conjunction with a late-1950s Magnatone 280 (similar to the amplifier used by Lonnie Mack and Buddy Holly). The Magnatone and the Deluxe are paired together in a most unusual manner: the external speaker jack from the Deluxe sends the amped signal through a volume potentiometer and directly into the input of the Magnatone. The Magnatone is notable for its true pitch-bending vibrato capabilities, which can be heard as an electric piano amplifier on "See the Sky About to Rain". A notable and unique accessory to Young's Deluxe is the Whizzer, a device created specifically for Young, which physically changes the amplifier's settings to pre-set combinations. This device is connected to footswitches operable by Young onstage in the manner of an effects pedal.[112]
Discography[link]
Main article: Neil Young discography
- See also the discographies for Buffalo Springfield and Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young
See also[link]
.jpg){kind=small}
Notes[link]
- ^ a b c Charlie Rose video: "Neil Young."
- ^ "The Making of Le Noise: the new album from Neil Young". YouTube. 2010-09-14. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qrbp9Tv9tHw. Retrieved 2012-04-30.
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 37
- ^ a b "Governor General Announces 57 New Appointments to the Order of Canada". Office of the Secretary to the Governor General. December 30, 2009. http://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=13469. Retrieved 2009-12-30.
- ^ a b "Lieutenant Governor's Awards". Lieutenant Governors office of Manitoba. 2009. http://www.lg.gov.mb.ca/awards/order/register.html. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
- ^ a b [1] Neil Young. Thomas Erlewine, Stephen. allmusic.
- ^ a b rockhall.com – Neil Young – Biography. Retrieved 2010-4-9.
- ^ "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee-list". The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. 2009. http://www.rockhall.com/inductees/inductee-list/. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
- ^ "Young is a most distinctive guitarist and singer, using ghostly shards of feedback to taint his ringing guitar chords." "Neil Young's Passionate Guitar Playing Sparks Rock Arena". Los Angeles Daily News. 1993-09-14.
- ^ "It's Young's distinctive, chunky rhythm guitar sound which defines the songs here [on Living with War]." Brinn, David (2006-05-30). "Disc Reviews". Jerusalem Post. http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1148482072145&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull. Retrieved 2009-07-28.
- ^ "30 years on, Neil Young remains one of the most distinctive voices of his, or any other, generation." Surkamp, David (1992-09-15). "Internal Fire From Neil Young Lights The Stage". St. Louis Post-Dispatch: p. 4D.
- ^ Miller, Edward (2003). "The Nonsensical Truth of the Falsetto Voice: Listening to Sigur Rós". Popular Musicology Online. ISSN 1357-0951. http://www.popular-musicology-online.com/issues/02/miller.html. Retrieved 2010-05-26.
- ^ Sinclair, Scott (2009-04-04). "Neil Young – Fork In The Road". Popular Musicology Online. http://www.musicomh.com/albums/neil-young-4_0409.htm. Retrieved 2010-05-26.
- ^ "It had already been noted that Neil Young was an important influence on grunge musicians, and in the mid- 1990s it became common to see Neil Young described as 'the godfather of grunge'." in Echard, William (2005). Neil Young and the Poetics of Energy. Indiana University Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-253-21768-4
- ^ "New Neil Young album expected in late March". Idiomag.com. 2009-02-05. http://www.idiomag.com/peek/63112/neil_young. Retrieved 2009-02-11.
- ^ "Welcome to The Bridge School". Bridgeschool.org. http://www.bridgeschool.org/. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ "Resurrection of Neil Young, Continued". Time. 2005-09-28. http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1110988,00.html. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
- ^ http://ao.minisisinc.com/scripts/mwimain.dll/144/PROV/PROV/REFD+F+1134?SESSIONSEARCH
- ^ http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/keyword/ragland/featured/3
- ^ McDonough 2002. p. 22-42.
- ^ Youngtown Rock and Roll Museum, 130 kilometres (81 mi)
- ^ "Neil Young Biography – Discography, Music, Lyrics, Album, CD, Career, Famous Works, and Awards". Musicianguide.com. http://www.musicianguide.com/biographies/1608001147/Neil-Young.html. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ McDonough 2002. p. 44.
- ^ George McKay (2009) '"Crippled with nerves": popular music and polio, with particular reference to Ian Dury'. Popular Music 28:3, 341–365.
- ^ McDonough 2002. p. 46-54.
- ^ McDonough 2002. p. 55-68.
- ^ McDonough 2002. p. 60.
- ^ McDonough 2002. p. 50-51.
- ^ Ostrosser, David. "Neil Young Interview on Guitars." Guitare & Claviers Magazine. Neil Young News, 17 April 1992. Web.
- ^ McDonough 2002. p. 52-53.
- ^ McDonough 2002. p. 58-59.
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 103
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 105
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 96
- ^ The Rolling Stone Interviews by Jann Werner (editor) & Joe Levy (editor). Back Bay Books (2007), ISBN 978-0-316-00526-5.
- ^ "Neil Young Collaborations". Thrasher's Wheat. http://www.thrasherswheat.org/jammin/jammin_more.htm#joni. Retrieved 2009-05-09.
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 139
- ^ "The Rolling Stone Interview: Neil Young: Rolling Stone". Rolling Stone Online. 2009. http://www.rollingstone.com/news/profile/story/9102786/neil_young_the_rs_interview. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
- ^ "Neil Young – MiniBio". Canadian Content. 2008. http://www.canadiancontent.net/people/music/Neil-Young.html. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
- ^ Rogan, Johnny (2000). Neil Young, Zero to Sixty: A Critical Biography. Music Sales Distributed. p. 187. ISBN 0-9529540-4-4.
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 313
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) pp. 318–320
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002), p. 324
- ^ Williamson, p. 42. Books.google.com. 2003-02-01. ISBN 978-0-87930-741-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=lwOvrY8TUnQC&pg=PA42. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ Taylor p. 279. Books.google.com. 2006-08-29. ISBN 978-0-8264-8217-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=KPOsu8JOHO8C&pg=PA279. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ "Neil Young: The RS Interview". Rollingstone.com. http://www.rollingstone.com/news/profile/story/9102786/neil_young_the_rs_interview. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 430
- ^ [2][dead link]
- ^ a b McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 469
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 433
- ^ McDonough, Jimmy (2002) p. 502
- ^ Exclaim! Canada's Music Authority
- ^ Jimmy McDonough, Shakey, Anchor Books, 2002, p.575-7
- ^ a b "Hawks & Doves Review". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r22517. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
- ^ "Reactor Review". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r22518. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
- ^ "Neil Young Setlists: 1980". Sugar Mountain. Archived from the original on August 22, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080822045439/http://www.sugarmtn.org/years/80nysets.html. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
- ^ Young, Neil. Neil Young: Don’t Be Denied. BBC Four.
- ^ "Trans Review". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r22519. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
- ^ Cavallo, Dominick (1999). A fiction of the past: the sixties in American history. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-21930-X. OCLC 39981636.
- ^ "Old Ways album review". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r22521. Retrieved 2009-04-07.
- ^ As of June 2008 "Neil Young Worldwide Album Sales Estimates". June 14, 2008. http://www.chartsinfrance.net/communaute/index.php?showtopic=6523&st=1365&gopid=969589&#entry969589. Retrieved 2009-04-08.
- ^ Shakey: Neil Young's Biography By James McDonough, Jimmy McDonough. Pages 24–32 Retrieved 2009-03-28. Books.google.com. 2003-05-13. ISBN 978-0-679-31193-5. http://books.google.com/?id=rsiBNqqwq_kC&pg=RA3-PA19&lpg=RA3-PA19&dq=%22music+or+money%22+neil+young#v=onepage&q=%22music%20or%20money%22%20neil%20young&f=false. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ "Neil Young Lyrics Analysis: Rockin' in the Free World". www.thrasherswheat.org. http://www.thrasherswheat.org/fot/ritfw.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-01.
- ^ a b c "Sonic Youth and Neil Young". Thrasher's Wheat – A Neil Young Archives. http://www.thrasherswheat.org/jammin/sonic_youth.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-01.
- ^ "Neil Young: the quiet achiever". The Sydney Morning Herald. 2002-05-11. http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2002/05/10/1021002387905.html. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
- ^ "Neil Young: inducted in 1995 | The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum". Rockhall.com. 1945-11-12. http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/neil-young. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
- ^ "Bridge Benefit XII". Hyperrust. http://hyperrust.org/Bridge/Bridge12.html. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ Weeks, Linton (December 16, 2001). "Flight 93's Beamer inspires song by Neil Young". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. http://www.post-gazette.com/headlines/20011216song1216lnp5.asp. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
- ^ "Greendale Review". The Music Box. November 2003. http://www.musicbox-online.com/ny-green.html. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
- ^ "Hollywood Stars Shine Spotlight On Green Power | Renewable Energy News Article". Renewableenergyworld.com. http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2004/02/hollywood-stars-shine-spotlight-on-green-power-10616. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ "Neil Young treated for 'dangerous' aneurysm". CNN.com. April 1, 2005. http://www.cnn.com/2005/SHOWBIZ/Music/04/01/neil.young/. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ "The Resurrection of Neil Young". Time. September 26, 2005. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1109363,00.html. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ "Prairie Wind Music Review". Rolling Stone. October 6, 2005. http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/neilyoung/albums/album/7637213/review/7645148/prairie_wind. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ "Living With War Review". allmusic. May 9, 2006. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r837350. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
- ^ "Living With War Review". Rolling Stone. 2006-05-01. http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/album/10149965/review/10191400/livingwithwar. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ "Neil Young Goes Green On the Road". Rolling Stone. 2004-02-27. http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/jonathanrichman/articles/story/5937268/neil_young_goes_green. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ "New Neil Young Video 'After The Garden' Visits 'An Inconvenient Truth'," Marketwire (July 21, 2006).
- ^ "Neil Young: Chrome Dreams II". United Methodist Church. http://www.umc.org/site/c.lwL4KnN1LtH/b.3779923/k.1891/Neil_Young_iChrome_Dreams_IIi.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
- ^ "A conversation with Neil Young". Charlie Rose Inc. 2008-07-17. http://www.charlierose.com/shows/2008/07/17/1/a-conversation-with-neil-young. Retrieved 2008-11-11.
- ^ Gill, Andy (March 27, 2009). "Album: Neil Young, Fork in the Road". London: The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/album-neil-young-fork-in-the-road-reprise-1655058.html. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ "Neil Young Trunk Show. At the Internet Movie Database.". http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1236244/releaseinfo.
- ^ Hale, Mike (2010-03-19). "Neil Young Trunk Show. At the New York Times.". The New York Times. http://movies.nytimes.com/2010/03/19/movies/19young.html?scp=1&sq=neil%20young%20trunk%20show&st=cse. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
- ^ Stephen, John. "Neil Young Trunk Show review (Blast Magazine, 9 March 2010)". Blastmagazine.com. http://blastmagazine.com/the-magazine/entertainment/movies/reviews-movies/2010/03/neil-young-trunk-show-review/. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ John Stephen Dwyer. "Demme receives Coolidge Award, premiers Trunk Show". Bostonlowbrow.com. http://www.bostonlowbrow.com/2010/03/jonathan-demme-receives-coolidge-award-premiers-neil-young-trunk-show/. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ "Neil Young keep on rocking in the free world". bbc Glastonbury online. http://www.bbc.co.uk/glastonbury/2009/artists/neilyoung/index.shtml. Retrieved 2009-06-28.
- ^ "Neil Young Announced as Final Isle of Wight Festival Headliner". ventnorblog. 2009-03-07. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/toronto/story/2009/03/07/young-wight-festival.html?ref=rss. Retrieved 2009-03-05.
- ^ "''Neil Young working on new album with Bob Dylan and U2 producer''. www.nme.com. May 4, 2010". Nme.com. 2010-05-04. http://www.nme.com/news/neil-young/50941. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ Inman, Davis. "Neil Young's Twisted Road tour begins". American Songwriter. http://www.americansongwriter.com/2010/05/neil-youngs-twisted-road-tour-begins/. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
- ^ TIFF. "2011 Films - Neil Young Journeys". tiff.net. http://tiff.net/filmsandschedules/tiff/2011/neilyoungjourneys. Retrieved 2012-04-30.
- ^ "Star Hill". The Land. January 5, 2008. http://theland.wikispaces.com/Star+Hill. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ "Neil Young Interview". Spin Magazine. November 1995. http://www.thrasherswheat.org/ptma/spin1195.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
- ^ "Neil Young: Chaos Is Good". JamBase. 2011. http://www.jambase.com/Articles/14655/Neil-Young-Chaos-Is-Good. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ "Neil Young (1,500 acres)". Jeff Taylor's Neil Young Tribute. http://www.neilyoung-tribute.com/neilyoung.html. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ "The Godfather of Grunge Rock (2,000 acres)". HyperRust. December 1991. http://hyperrust.org/Words/Pulse1191.html. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ "Jewel at The Hideaway (3,000 acres)". Hamilton Spectator. June 8, 1995. http://www.octopusmediaink.com/Jewel.html. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ Scott Bernstein (February 13, 2012). "Return of Neil Young and Crazy Horse at Macca Tribute". Glide magazine. http://www.glidemagazine.com/hiddentrack/return-of-neil-young-and-crazy-horse-at-macca-tribute/. Retrieved March 5, 2012. "Neil Young and Crazy Horse played I Saw Her Standing There at the 2012 MusicCares Person of the Year reception honoring Paul McCartney in Los Angeles."
- ^ "Error: no
|title=specified when using {{Cite web}}". http://rcrdlbl.com/2012/05/29/album_stream_neil_young_crazy_horse_americana. - ^ "Neil Young – There'll never be another Crazy Horse". Rolling Stone. 2008-12-04. http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2008/04/01/neil-young-and-crazy-horse-to-release-lost-2000-album/. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
- ^ a b Brick, Michael (2006-09-21). "Clanging New York Subways, Screeches Intact, Go Miniature". N.Y. / Region (The New York Times). http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/21/nyregion/21train.html. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
- ^ US 7264208 , US 7211976 , US 6765356 , US 5749547 , US 5555815 , US 5441223 , US 5251856
- ^ "100 Greatest Artists of All Time". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-artists-of-all-time-19691231/neil-young-19691231. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
- ^ "Greatest Albums of All Time | Rolling Stone Music | Lists". Rollingstone.com. http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5938174/the_rs_500_greatest_albums_of_all_time/. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
- ^ "Neil Young – 2000 Inductee". Canada's Walk of Fame. Archived from the original on June 4, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080604203513/http://www.canadaswalkoffame.com/inductees/00_neil_young.xml.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-13.
- ^ Andrew Duncan (Jul 9th, 2010). "JBM – Reflections". Zaptown. http://www.zaptownmag.com/2010/07/jbm-reflections. Retrieved 2011-05-23.
- ^ "BBC documentary Neil Young: Don't Be Denied – Thom Yorke interviews". http://www.bbc.co.uk/musictv/neilyoung/video/thomyorke.
- ^ "Pitchfork: Interviews: The Constantines". Pitchforkmedia.com. 2005-10-16. http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/article/feature/31309-interview-the-constantines. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
- ^ Jason E. Bond & Norman I. Platnick (2007). "A Taxonomic Review of the Trapdoor Spider Genus Myrmekiaphila (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae)". American Museum Novitates 3596: 1–30. DOI:10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3596+[1:ATROTT]2.0.CO;2. http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/bitstream/2246/5892/1/N3596.pdf.
- ^ "Neil Young gets new honor – his own spider". Reuters. May 11, 2008. http://www.reuters.com/article/lifestyleMolt/idUSSP19797120080511. Retrieved 2008-05-12.
- ^ "Top 50 Guitarists of All Time – 30 to 21". Gibson.com. http://www.gibson.com/en-us/Lifestyle/Features/Top-50-Guitarists-526/. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
- ^ "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time – Neil Young". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-guitarists-of-all-time-19691231/neil-young-19691231. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
- ^ David Simons, "Recording Harvest: The Making of Neil Young's Classic 1972 Album." Acoustic Guitar 103 (July 2001): 38–40.
- ^ "BBC documentary Neil Young: Don't Be Denied – Randy Bachmann interviews". http://www.bbc.co.uk/musictv/neilyoung/video/randybachman.
References[link]
- Chong, Kevin (2005). Neil Young nation: a quest, an obsession, and a true story. Vancouver, Berkeley, California: Greystone Books. ISBN 978-1-55365-116-1. OCLC 61261394. http://books.google.ca/books?id=Hux6vcba8jkC&lpg=PP1&dq=Neil%20Young%20nation%3A%20a%20quest%2C%20an%20obsession%2C%20and%20a%20true%20story&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true.
- Downing, David (1994). A dreamer of pictures: Neil Young – the man and his music. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7475-1499-2. OCLC 59833966. http://books.google.ca/books?id=wKpd7X4e2EEC&lpg=PP1&dq=A%20dreamer%20of%20pictures%3A%20Neil%20Young%20%E2%80%93%20the%20man%20and%20his%20music&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true.
- Dufrechou, Carole (1978). Neil Young. London: Quick Fox. ISBN 978-0-8256-3917-3. OCLC 4168835.
- Einarson, John (1992). Neil Young: don't be denied: the Canadian years. Kingston, Ontario: Quarry Press. ISBN 978-1-55082-044-7. OCLC 26802024.
- George-Warren, Holly (1994). Neil Young, the Rolling stone files: the ultimate compendium of interviews, articles, facts, and opinions from the files of Rolling stone. New York: Hyperion. ISBN 978-0-7868-8043-0. OCLC 30074289.
- Hardy, Phil; Laing, Dave (1990). The Faber companion to 20th-century popular music. London, Boston: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-13837-1. OCLC 28673718.
- Heatley, Michael (1997). Neil Young: in his own words. London, New York: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-6161-6. OCLC 38727767. http://books.google.ca/books?id=CHd_o0P5fnAC&lpg=PP1&dq=Neil%20Young%3A%20in%20his%20own%20words&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true.
- McDonough, Jimmy (2002). Shakey: Neil Young's biography. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-679-42772-8. OCLC 47844513. http://books.google.ca/books?id=pfzcnkNFUG0C&lpg=PP1&dq=Shakey%3A%20Neil%20Young's%20biography&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true.
- McKay, George (2009) "'Crippled with nerves": popular music and polio'. Popular Music 28:3, 341–365.
- Rogan, Johnny (2000). Neil Young: Zero to Sixty: A Critical Biography. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-9529540-4-0. OCLC 47997606.
- Simmons, Sylvie (2001). Neil Young: reflections in broken glass. Edinburgh: Mojo. ISBN 978-1-84195-084-6. OCLC 48844799.
- Skinker, Chris (1998). "Neil Young". In Kingsbury, Paul (ed.). The encyclopedia of country music: the ultimate guide to the music. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 607. ISBN 0-19-511671-2. OCLC 38106066.
- Taylor, Steve (2006). A to X of Alternative Music. Continuum. ISBN 978-0-8264-8217-4. http://books.google.ca/books?id=KPOsu8JOHO8C&lpg=PP1&dq=A%20to%20X%20of%20Alternative%20Music&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true.
- Williamson, Nigel (2002). Journey Through the Past: The Stories Behind the Classic Songs of Neil Young. Hal Leonard. ISBN 978-0-87930-741-7.
- Young, Neil; Mazzeo, James (2004). Greendale. London: Sanctuary. ISBN 1-86074-622-5. OCLC 57247591.
- Young, Scott (1997). Neil and Me. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. ISBN 978-0-7710-9099-8. OCLC 36337856. http://books.google.ca/books?id=akxs4a5BoEYC&lpg=PP1&dq=Neil%20and%20Me&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Neil Young |
|
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Neil Young |
- Neil's Garage – Official website
- Neil Young at Allmusic
- Neil Young at the Internet Movie Database
- Youngtown Rock and Roll Museum – Omemee, Ontario
- Neil Young on Charlie Rose
- Works by or about Neil Young in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- Neil Young collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Review of Crazy Horse at the Fillmore 1970
- "Neil Young: Don't be Denied", PBS, American Masters, TV documentary, 2009
- Sugar Mountain - a compilation of set lists from Neil Young's concert performances
| Awards | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by John Prine |
AMA Artist of the Year 2006 |
Succeeded by Patty Griffin |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Young, Neil |
| Alternative names | Young, Neil Percival |
| Short description | Canadian singer-songwriter |
| Date of birth | November 12, 1945 |
| Place of birth | Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Neil_Young
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Neil Young
http://cs.wn.com/Neil Young
http://id.wn.com/Neil Young
http://es.wn.com/Neil Young
http://ru.wn.com/Янг, Нил
http://nl.wn.com/Neil Young
http://pl.wn.com/Neil Young
http://fr.wn.com/Neil Young
http://de.wn.com/Neil Young
http://pt.wn.com/Neil Young
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Young
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Clay Guida | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born | Clayton Guida (1981-12-08) December 8, 1981 (age 30) Round Lake, Illinois, United States |
| Other names | The Carpenter, The Guido |
| Nationality | American |
| Height | 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) |
| Weight | 156 lb (71 kg; 11 st 2 lb) |
| Division | Lightweight (155 lb) |
| Reach | 69 in (175 cm) |
| Fighting out of | Albuquerque, New Mexico by way of Johnsburg, Illinois |
| Team | Jackson's Submission Fighting[1] |
| Mixed martial arts record | |
| Total | 41 |
| Wins | 29 |
| By knockout | 4 |
| By submission | 15 |
| By decision | 9 |
| Unknown | 1 |
| Losses | 12 |
| By submission | 6 |
| By decision | 5 |
| Unknown | 1 |
| University | William Rainey Harper College |
| Notable relatives | Jason Guida (brother) |
| Mixed martial arts record from Sherdog | |
|
|
|
Clayton Charles Guida (pronounced /ˈɡwiːdə/; born December 8, 1981) is an American mixed martial artist and currently fighting in the UFC as a lightweight. Guida was the first Strikeforce Lightweight Champion and held the title until being defeated by Gilbert Melendez at Strikeforce: Revenge. As of October 2011, Guida is ranked as the #8 lightweight fighter in the world by Sherdog and #6 lightweight by MMAWeekly.com.[2]
Contents |
Background[link]
Guida is renowned for his relentless pressure and unending stamina.[3]
During the early stages of his MMA career, Guida worked as a carpenter (leading to his nickname, "The Carpenter") while training and fighting in his spare time, compiling a professional record of 20-6.
2011 Illinois State Wrestling Championships[link]
Clay was generous enough to finance the inspirational video played before the state championship matches. He stepped in with the money after the Illinois High School Association was not able to pay for it.[4][unreliable source?] Clay is a former Illinois wrestler for Johnsburg High School.
Ultimate Fighting Championship[link]
Guida was successful in his UFC debut, submitting Justin James in the second round at UFC 64.
Guida lost a unanimous decision to Din Thomas at UFC Fight Night: Evans vs. Salmon in his second UFC outing.
Guida garnered attention for his three-round split decision loss to Tyson Griffin at UFC 72.
At UFC 74 Guida rebounded from his two consecutive losses, taking a split decision over PRIDE veteran Marcus Aurélio.
Guida was defeated by Roger Huerta at The Ultimate Fighter 6 Finale via rear naked choke in the 3rd round after clearly winning the first 2 rounds.
Guida returned to his winning ways UFC Fight Night 13, where he defeated Samy Schiavo via TKO at 4:15 of the first round.
In a bout at UFC Fight Night 15, he defeated Mac Danzig via unanimous decision (30-27, 29-28, 29-28).
Guida defeated Ultimate Fighter winner Nate Diaz via split decision at UFC 94.
His next fight was against Diego Sanchez, at The Ultimate Fighter 9 finale which he lost by split decision. The fight had a frantic pace in which Guida weathered a ferocious striking offensive from Sanchez, with a seemingly endless barrage of punches and a brutal headkick which dropped Guida in the first round. This fight went on to win Fight of the Night honors. The fight would later make #13 on the "100 Greatest UFC fights" list.
Despite his status as an up-and-coming UFC fighter he was not included in the UFC 2009 Undisputed video game due to technical issues caused by his long hair. He was even offered $10,000[5] by Dana White to cut it, but he refused.
On December 12, 2009 he fought Kenny Florian at UFC 107. In the second round, after being dropped with a hard right hand, Guida would lose the fight by submission (rear naked choke).
Guida was expected to face Sean Sherk on March 21, 2010 at UFC LIVE: Vera vs. Jones,[6] but Sherk was forced off the card with an injury. Shannon Gugerty stepped up to become Guida's new opponent on the preliminary section of the event.[7] At UFC Live: Vera vs. Jones Guida defeated Shannon Gugerty at 3:40 of round 2 by way of arm-triangle choke, ending Guida's two fight losing streak along with winning his first UFC Submission of the Night award.
Guida then faced Rafael dos Anjos on August 7, 2010 at UFC 117.[8] Guida appeared to injure the jaw of dos Anjos in the first round with a hook and would go on to defeat dos Anjos by submission (jaw injury) after dos Anjos tapped from the pressure being applied to his jaw while Guida had head-and-arm control.[9]
Guida defeated Takanori Gomi on January 1, 2011 at UFC 125 by submission (guillotine choke) in round 2, his third consecutive submission victory which also earned him Submission of the Night honors.
Guida then faced recently #1 lightweight contender Anthony Pettis whom he defeated via unanimous decision on June 4, 2011 at The Ultimate Fighter 13 Finale.[10]
Guida faced Ben Henderson on November 12, 2011 at UFC on Fox 1.[11] Guida lost a hard fought decision after three rounds in an exciting back and forth fight that earned both fighters Fight of the Night honors.
Guida is expected to face Gray Maynard on June 22, 2012 at UFC on FX 4.[12]
Sponsorship[link]
Clay Guida starred in a National commercial for SafeAuto Insurance. The commercial was filmed in Columbus, Ohio in April 2011. Guida is one of several fighters who represents the SafeAuto Fight Team.
Championships and accomplishments[link]
[edit] Mixed Martial Arts
- Strikeforce
- Strikeforce Lightweight Championship (One time; first)
- Ultimate Fighting Championship
- Submission of the Night (Two times)
- Fight of the Night (Six times)
- Fight Magazine
- Fight of the Year vs. Roger Huerta (2007)
- World MMA Awards
- Fight of the Year vs. Diego Sanchez (2009)
- Wrestling Observer Newsletter
- Fight of the Year (2009) vs. Diego Sanchez on June 20
- Tequila CAZADORES® Spirit Award
Mixed martial arts record[link]
| Professional record breakdown | ||
| 41 matches | 29 wins | 12 losses |
| By knockout | 4 | 0 |
| By submission | 15 | 6 |
| By decision | 9 | 5 |
| Unknown | 1 | 1 |
| Result | Record | Opponent | Method | Event | Date | Round | Time | Location | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loss | 29–12 | Ben Henderson | Decision (unanimous) | UFC on Fox: Velasquez vs. Dos Santos | 02011-11-12November 12, 2011 | 3 | 5:00 | Anaheim, California, United States | UFC Lightweight title eliminator; Fight of the Night. |
| Win | 29–11 | Anthony Pettis | Decision (unanimous) | The Ultimate Fighter 13 Finale | 02011-06-04June 4, 2011 | 3 | 5:00 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | |
| Win | 28–11 | Takanori Gomi | Submission (guillotine choke) | UFC 125 | 02011-01-01January 1, 2011 | 2 | 4:27 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | Won Submission of the Night |
| Win | 27–11 | Rafael dos Anjos | Submission (jaw injury) | UFC 117 | 02010-08-07August 7, 2010 | 3 | 1:51 | Oakland, California, United States | |
| Win | 26–11 | Shannon Gugerty | Submission (arm triangle choke) | UFC Live: Vera vs. Jones | 02010-03-21March 21, 2010 | 2 | 3:40 | Broomfield, Colorado, United States | Won Submission of the Night |
| Loss | 25–11 | Kenny Florian | Submission (rear naked choke) | UFC 107 | 02009-12-12December 12, 2009 | 2 | 2:19 | Memphis, Tennessee, United States | |
| Loss | 25–10 | Diego Sanchez | Decision (split) | The Ultimate Fighter: United States vs. United Kingdom Finale | 02009-06-20June 20, 2009 | 3 | 5:00 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | Won Fight of the Night; Fight of the Year (2009). |
| Win | 25–9 | Nate Diaz | Decision (split) | UFC 94 | 02009-01-31January 31, 2009 | 3 | 5:00 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | Won Fight of the Night |
| Win | 24–9 | Mac Danzig | Decision (unanimous) | UFC Fight Night: Diaz vs Neer | 02008-09-17September 17, 2008 | 3 | 5:00 | Omaha, Nebraska, United States | |
| Win | 23–9 | Samy Schiavo | TKO (strikes) | UFC Fight Night: Florian vs Lauzon | 02008-04-02April 2, 2008 | 1 | 4:15 | Broomfield, Colorado, United States | |
| Loss | 22–9 | Roger Huerta | Submission (rear naked choke) | The Ultimate Fighter: Team Hughes vs Team Serra Finale | 02007-12-08December 8, 2007 | 3 | 0:51 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | Won Fight of the Night |
| Win | 22–8 | Marcus Aurélio | Decision (split) | UFC 74 | 02007-08-25August 25, 2007 | 3 | 5:00 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | |
| Loss | 21–8 | Tyson Griffin | Decision (split) | UFC 72 | 02007-06-16June 16, 2007 | 3 | 5:00 | Belfast, Northern Ireland | Won Fight of the Night; Fight of the Year |
| Loss | 21–7 | Din Thomas | Decision (unanimous) | UFC Fight Night: Evans vs Salmon | 02007-01-25January 25, 2007 | 3 | 5:00 | Hollywood, Florida, United States | Won Fight of the Night |
| Win | 21–6 | Justin James | Submission (rear naked choke) | UFC 64 | 02006-10-14October 14, 2006 | 2 | 4:42 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | |
| Win | 20–6 | Joe Martin | Decision (unanimous) | WEC 23 | 02006-08-17August 17, 2006 | 3 | 5:00 | Lemoore, California, United States | |
| Loss | 19–6 | Yusuke Endo | Submission (armbar) | Shooto 2006: 7/21 in Korakuen Hall | 02006-07-21July 21, 2006 | 1 | 2:47 | Tokyo, Japan | |
| Loss | 19–5 | Gilbert Melendez | Decision (split) | Strikeforce: Revenge | 02006-06-09June 9, 2006 | 5 | 5:00 | San Jose, California, United States | Lost Strikeforce Lightweight Championship |
| Win | 19–4 | Josh Thomson | Decision (unanimous) | Strikeforce: Shamrock vs. Gracie | 02006-03-10March 10, 2006 | 5 | 5:00 | San Jose, California, United States | Won Strikeforce Lightweight Championship |
| Loss | 18–4 | Tristan Yunker | Submission (rear-naked choke) | KOTC: Redemption on the River | 02006-02-17February 17, 2006 | 1 | 1:17 | Moline, Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 18–3 | Joe Jordan | Decision (unanimous) | Xtreme Fighting Organization 8 | 02005-12-10December 10, 2005 | 3 | 5:00 | Lakemoor, Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 17–3 | Jeff Carsten | TKO (injury) | IHC 9: Purgatory | 02005-11-19November 19, 2005 | 1 | 3:01 | Hammond, Indiana, United States | |
| Win | 16–3 | Dave Cochran | Submission (rear naked choke) | KOTC: Xtreme Edge | 02005-09-17September 17, 2005 | 1 | 2:26 | Indianapolis, Indiana, United States | |
| Win | 15–3 | John Strawn | Submission (choke) | Xtreme Fighting Organization 7 | 02005-08-27August 27, 2005 | 2 | 3:12 | Island Lake, Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 14–3 | Jay Estrada | Submission (rear naked choke) | Combat Do Fighting Challenge 4 | 02005-08-13August 13, 2005 | 1 | 3:42 | Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 13–3 | Bart Palaszewski | Decision (unanimous) | XFO 6: Judgement Day | 02005-06-25June 25, 2005 | 3 | 5:00 | Lakemoor, Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 12–3 | Alonzo Martinez | Submission (choke) | XKK: Des Moines | 02005-05-20May 20, 2005 | 3 | N/A | Des Moines, Iowa, United States | |
| Win | 11–3 | Chris Mickle | Decision | XKK: Des Moines | 02005-05-20May 20, 2005 | 3 | 5:00 | Des Moines, Iowa, United States | |
| Win | 10–3 | Alex Carter | Submission | Combat Do Fighting Challenge 3 | 02005-05-14May 14, 2005 | 1 | 2:54 | Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 9–3 | Brandon Adamson | Submission (rear naked choke) | Xtreme Fighting Organization 5 | 02005-03-19March 19, 2005 | 1 | 3:02 | Lakemoor, Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 8–3 | Billy Guardiola | Submission (ankle lock) | Combat Do Fighting Challenge 2 | 02005-02-05February 5, 2005 | 1 | N/A | Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 7–3 | Dennis Davis | KO | MMA Mexico Day 2 | 02004-12-18December 18, 2004 | 1 | N/A | Ciudad Juárez, Mexico | |
| Win | 6–3 | Vito Woods | Submission (guillotine choke) | Xtreme Fighting Organization 4 | 02004-12-03December 3, 2004 | 2 | 1:19 | McHenry, Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 5–3 | Randy Hauer | TKO | Extreme Challenge 60 | 02004-11-12November 12, 2004 | 1 | 2:25 | Medina, Minnesota, United States | |
| Win | 4–3 | Billy Guardiola | Submission (ankle lock) | Combat Do Fighting Challenge 1 | 02004-10-23October 23, 2004 | 1 | N/A | Cicero, Illinois, United States | |
| Loss | 3–3 | Gabe Lemley | Submission (armbar) | XFO 2: New Blood | 02004-06-26June 26, 2004 | 2 | 0:33 | Fontana, Wisconsin, United States | |
| Win | 3–2 | Jed Deno | Submission (choke) | UCS 2: Battle at the Barn | 02004-05-01May 1, 2004 | 1 | 3:35 | Rochester, Minnesota, United States | |
| Win | 2–2 | Shawn Nolan | KO (strikes) | XKK: Clash in Curtiss 5 | 02004-04-03April 3, 2004 | N/A | N/A | Curtiss, Wisconsin, United States | |
| Loss | 1–2 | Dan Duke | N/A | XKK: Clash in Curtiss 5 | 02004-04-03April 3, 2004 | N/A | N/A | Curtiss, Wisconsin, United States | |
| Win | 1–1 | Adam Bass | Submission (rear naked choke) | XFO 1: The Kickoff | 02004-03-14March 14, 2004 | 1 | 2:53 | Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, United States | |
| Loss | 0–1 | Adam Copenhaver | Submission (rear naked choke) | Silverback Classic 17 | 02003-07-26July 26, 2003 | 1 | N/A | Ottawa, Illinois, United States |
References[link]
- ^ http://www.mmaweekly.com/absolutenm/templates/dailynews.asp?articleid=12221&zoneid=13
- ^ "Sherdog Official Mixed Martial Arts Rankings". sherdog.com. October 11, 2011. http://www.sherdog.com/news/rankings/6/Sherdog-Official-Mixed-Martial-Arts-Rankings-36368. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
- ^ Mike Sloan. "Guida: Trawling for a Title Shot". http://www.sherdog.com/news/articles.asp?n_id=10272.
- ^ "jumbotron video". http://illinoismatmen.com/forum/showthread.php?t=36270.
- ^ Maggie Hendricks. "Clay Guida answers your questions on energy, music and haircuts". http://sports.yahoo.com/mma/blog/cagewriter/post/Clay-Guida-answers-your-questions-on-energy-mus?urn=mma,166079.
- ^ "Source: Sherk vs. Guida in works for March UFC Fight Night card in Denver". nwi.com/mma. http://nwitimes.com/sports/mixed-martial-arts/article_fe5e0228-fd63-11de-a757-001cc4c03286.html. Retrieved 2010-01-09.
- ^ "Sherk scratched; Gugerty to face Guida at UFC on Versus 1 in March". mmajunkie.com. http://mmajunkie.com/news/17573/sherk-scratched-gugerty-steps-in-to-face-guida-at-ufc-on-versus-1-in-march.mma. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
- ^ "Clay Guida vs. Rafael dos Anjos Set for UFC 117 on August 7 in Oakland". mmafrenzy.com. 2010-05-10. http://mmafrenzy.com/14408/clay-guida-vs-rafael-dos-anjos-set-for-ufc-117-on-august-7-in-oakland/.
- ^ "UFC 117 main card recap, miracle submission saves champ Anderson Silva". mmajunkie.com. August 7, 2010. http://mmajunkie.com/news/20201/ufc-117-main-card-recap-miracle-submission-saves-champ-anderson-silva.mma.
- ^ "Anthony Pettis vs. Clay Guida set, tapped The Ultimate Fighter 13 Finale headliner". mmajunkie.com. January 21, 2011. http://mmajunkie.com/news/22176/anthony-pettis-vs-clay-guida-set-tapped-headliner-of-tuf-13-finale.mma.
- ^ "Clay Guida vs. Ben Henderson in the works for UFC on FOX 1". mmajunkie.com. 2011-09-06. http://mmajunkie.com/news/25108/clay-guida-vs-ben-henderson-in-the-works-for-ufc-on-fox-1.mma.
- ^ "Guida vs. Maynard headlines UFC on FX 4". mmajunkie.com. March 18, 2012. http://mmajunkie.com/news/27884/guida-vs-maynard-franklin-vs-le-added-to-junes-ufc-on-fx-4-event.mma.
- ^ "Clay Guida is the Fan's Choice for the Tequila CAZADORES® Spirit Award for UFC 117". http://www.kuam.com/story/12926981/clay-guida-is-the-fans-choice-for-the-tequila-cazadores-spirit-award-for-ufc-117?redirected=true.
- ^ UFC 125: Clay Guida talks fighting Takanori Gomi & wins Tequila Cazadores Spirit Award Video - Interviews MMA Video Details
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Clay Guida |
- Clay Guida's official website
- Official UFC profile
- Go Time for Guida
- Professional MMA record for Clay Guida from Sherdog
| Achievements | ||
|---|---|---|
| New championship | 1st Strikeforce Lightweight Champion March 10, 2006 – June 9, 2006 |
Succeeded by Gilbert Melendez |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Guida, Clay |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American mixed martial artist |
| Date of birth | December 8, 1981 |
| Place of birth | Rockford, Illinois, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Clay_Guida
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Clay Guida
http://it.wn.com/Clay Guida
http://pt.wn.com/Clay Guida
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_Guida
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
