Tuesday, 30 August 2011

upload

Dvin

Ayyubid dynasty
The Ayyubids (Kurdish:ایوبیان, Eyûbiyan) were a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin, centered in Cairo and Damascus that ruled much of the Middle East during the 12th and 13th centuries CE. The Ayyubid family, under the brothers Ayyub and Shirkuh, originally served as soldiers for the Zengids until they gradually gained independence from them under Saladin, Ayyub's son. In 1171, Saladin proclaimed himself sultan of Egypt after dissolving the Fatimid Caliphate upon the death of al-Adid. The Ayyubids spent the next decade launching conquests throughout the region and by 1183, the Ayyubid state included Egypt, Syria, northern Mesopotamia, the Hejaz, Yemen, and the North African coast up to the borders of modern-day Tunisia. Most of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, consisting of Palestine and Transjordan fell to the Ayyubids after their victory at the Battle of Hattin in 1187. However, the Crusaders regained control of Palestine's coastline in the 1190s.
http://wn.com/Ayyubid_dynasty
Constans II
Constans II (), also called Constantine the Bearded (Kōnstantinos Pogonatos), (November 7, 630 – September 15, 668) was Byzantine emperor from 641 to 668. He also was the last emperor to become consul in 642, becoming the last Roman consul in history.
http://wn.com/Constans_II
Kurdish people
The Kurds () are an Iranian-speaking ethnolinguistic group mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey. Substantial Kurdish communities also exist in the cities of western Turkey, and they can also be found in Armenia, Georgia, Israel, Azerbaijan, Russia, Lebanon and, in recent decades, some European countries and the United States (see Kurdish diaspora). Most speak Kurdish, an Indo-European language of the Iranian branch. The Kurds are classified as an Iranian people.Bois, Th.; Minorsky, V.; Bois, Th.; Bois, Th.; MacKenzie, D.N.; Bois, Th. "Kurds, Kurdistan." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2009. Brill Online. Excerpt 1:"The Kurds, an Iranian people of the Near East, live at the junction of more or less laicised Turkey"..Excerpt 2: "The classification of the Kurds among the Iranian nations is based mainly on linguistic and historical data and does not prejudice the fact there is a complexity of ethnical elements incorporated in them" Excerpt 3:"We thus find that about the period of the Arab conquest a single ethnic term Kurd (plur. Akrād ) was beginning to be applied to an amalgamation of Iranian or iranicised tribes. Among the latter, some were autochthonous (the Ḳardū; the Tmorik̲h̲/Ṭamurāyē in the district of which Alḳī = Elk was the capital; the Χοθα̑ίται [= al-Ḵh̲uwayt̲h̲iyya] in the canton of Ḵh̲oyt of Sāsūn, the Orṭāyē [= al-Arṭān] in the bend of the Euphrates); some were Semites (cf. the popular genealogies of the Kurd tribes) and some probably Armenian (it is said that the Mamakān tribe is of Mamikonian origin). " Excerpt 4: "In the 20th century, the existence of an Iranian non-Kurdish element among the Kurds has been definitely established (the Gūrān-Zāzā group)."
http://wn.com/Kurdish_people
Najm ad-Din Ayyub
al-Malik al-Afdal Najm ad-Din Ayyub ibn Shadhi ibn Marawan (Arabic: الملك ألأفضل نجم الدين أيوب بن شاﺬي بن مروان)) (died August 9, 1173) was a Kurdish soldier and politician from Dvin, and the father of Saladin.
http://wn.com/Najm_ad-Din_Ayyub
Saladin
Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb (Kurdish: سه‌لاحه‌دین ئه‌یوبی, Selah'edînê Eyubî, , Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb) (c. 1138 – March 4, 1193), better known in the Western world as Saladin, was a KurdishA number of contemporary sources make note of this. The biographer Ibn Khallikan writes, "Historians agree in stating that [Saladin's] father and family belonged to Duwin [Dvin]....They were Kurds and belonged to the Rawādiya (sic), which is a branch of the great tribe al-Hadāniya": Minorsky (1953), p. 124. The medieval historian Ibn Athir relates a passage from another commander: "...both you and Saladin are Kurds and you will not let power pass into the hands of the Turks": Minorsky (1953), p. 138. Muslim, who became the first Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt and Syria. He led Islamic opposition to the Franks and other European Crusaders in the Levant. At the height of his power, he ruled over Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Hejaz, and Yemen. He led the Muslims against the Crusaders and eventually recaptured Palestine from the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem after his victory in the Battle of Hattin. As such, he is a notable figure in Kurdish, Arab, and Muslim culture. Saladin was a strict adherent of Sunni Islam and a disciple of the Qadiri Sufi order. His chivalrous behavior was noted by Christian chroniclers, especially in the accounts of the siege of Kerak in Moab, and despite being the nemesis of the Crusaders he won the respect of many of them, including Richard the Lionheart; rather than becoming a hated figure in Europe, he became a celebrated example of the principles of chivalry.
http://wn.com/Saladin
Shirkuh
Asad ad-Din Shirkuh bin Shadhi (Shêr-guh literally means lion-ear in Kurdish), also known as Shêrko or "Shêrgo" (died 1169) was an important Muslim military commander, and uncle of Saladin.
http://wn.com/Shirkuh
Tamar of Georgia
Tamar (, also transliterated as T'amar, Thamar or TamariThe name Tamar is of Hebrew origin and, like other biblical names, was favored by the Georgian Bagrationi dynasty because of their claim to be descended from David, the second king of Israel. Toumanoff (1940), p. 299, fn. 4.As of May 2008, Tamar was the second most popular – after Nino – female name in Georgia. Civil Registry of Georgia (2008-05-14), [http://www.cra.gov.ge/index.php?m=&newsid;=433⟨=geo ქალთა სახელებს შორის თამარი პოპულარობით მეორე ადგილზეა] ("Tamar is the second most popular female name"). Retrieved on 2008-07-05.) (c. 1160 – 18 January 1213), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was Queen Regnant of Georgia from 1184 to 1213. (Although she was a woman, she is always mentioned in Georgian history as a King Tamar) The first woman to rule Georgia in her own right, Tamar presided over the "Golden age" of the medieval Georgian monarchy.
http://wn.com/Tamar_of_Georgia

Ararat Province
Ararat () is a province (marz) of Armenia with capital in Artashat. Named after Mount Ararat, the province borders Turkey to the west and Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic to the south. It surrounds the Karki exclave of Nakhichevan which has been controlled by Armenia since its capture in May 1992 during the Nagorno-Karabakh War.
http://wn.com/Ararat_Province
Armenia
Armenia (, transliterated : Hayastan, ), officially the Republic of Armenia (, Hayastani Hanrapetut’yun, ), is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Situated at the juncture of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, the de facto independent Nagorno-Karabakh Republic and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south.
http://wn.com/Armenia
Artaxata
http://wn.com/Artaxata
Constantinople
Constantinople (, , Turkish: Istanbul) was the imperial capital of the Roman Empire, the Byzantine/Eastern Roman Empire, the Latin Empire and the Ottoman Empire. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.
http://wn.com/Constantinople
Dvin (town)
Dvin (; also Nizhniy Dvin, Nerkin Dvin, and Dvin Armyanskiy) is a village in the Ararat Province of Armenia. It is located near the ruins of the ancient city of Dvin.
http://wn.com/Dvin_(town)
Hnaberd, Ararat
Hnaberd (, also Romanized as Khnaberd and Gnaberd; formerly, Torpakhkala) is a town in the Ararat Province of Armenia.
http://wn.com/Hnaberd_Ararat
Tikrit
Tikrit (تكريت, Tikrīt also transliterated as Takrit or Tekrit) is a town in Iraq, located 140 km northwest of Baghdad on the Tigris river (at 34.61°N, 43.68°E). The town, with an estimated population in 2002 of about 260,000 is the administrative center of the Salah ad Din Governorate .
http://wn.com/Tikrit
Verin Dvin
Verin Dvin (; also, Aysori Dvin and Verkhniy Dvin) is a village in the Ararat Province of Armenia located 30 kilometers away from Yerevan. The largest Assyrian community in Armenia is in Verin Dvin, where the majority of the residents in the village are ethnic Assyrians. The village also has two Assyrian churches including one that was built in 1828. It is also located near the ruins of the ancient city of Dvin.
http://wn.com/Verin_Dvin
Yerevan
Yerevan (, ) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's oldest continuously-inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country. It has been the capital since 1918, the thirteenth in the history of Armenia.
http://wn.com/Yerevan

Play next
List all Videos
Autoplay
Autorepeat
Shuffle
Replay

clear restore
list images
close sort

DV in Action

2:25

Armenia Yerevan - Proshyan Poxoc - Dvin Hyuranoc - Kond - 13.09.2009

2:26

Lundy Bancroft pt1 on DV in Popular Culture video

14:19

Lundy Bancroft pt3 on DV in Popular Culture video

14:05

Lundy Bancroft pt4 on DV in Popular Culture video

10:35

Lundy Bancroft pt5 on DV in Popular Culture video

13:21

Lundy Bancroft pt6 on DV in Popular Culture video

13:44

Lundy Bancroft pt7 on DV in Popular Culture video

14:52

dv - IN YOUR FACE

4:35

Albatros DV in Combat Training

6:13

DVIN STRM

4:39

DV In my bedroom

4:29

Test Mini dv in Car

7:40

Old Dvin Restaurant & Banquet Hall

0:37

remove add to playlist show more results video results for: dvin

Ara Gevorgyan - Dvin

7:19

DV in a HOUR. The Learning Movie

2:16

Holy Resurrection church in New Dvin village

2:27

St. Hakob churches in New Dvin village

3:45

MD80 mini dv in door test fly.

3:24

Pashik Txur em aysor

4:48

Armenian Pop ► 4 Tarberak - Kam Aysor Kam Yerbek (HQ)

2:52

Arsen - Qo Cnundn e aysor /Happy B-Day/

3:59

Hayko - Aysor

5:03

Dvin

:For the modern town, see Dvin (town).

Name	Dvin
Native name	Դվին
Native language	Armenian
Caption	Drawing of the central square of the ancient Armenian capital city of Dvin. The main cathedral of S. Grigor (3rd-5th c.), with a small church of S. Sarkis to the right (6th century), and the residence of the Catholicos on the left (5th c.).
Locmapin	Armenia
Map width	275
Latitude	40.004686
Longitude	44.579170
Location	Southwest of the town Dvin; between Hnaberd and Verin Dvin,Ararat Province,
Elevation	897
Founded	4th century
Built for	King Khosrov III

Dvin (; ; also Duin or Dwin according to ancient sources) was a large commercial city and the capital of early medieval Armenia. It was situated north of the previous ancient capital of Armenia, the city of Artaxata, along the banks of the Metsamor River, 35 km to the south of modern Yerevan. The site of the ancient city is currently not much more than a large hill located between modern Hnaberd (just off the main road through Hnaberd) and Verin Dvin, Armenia. Systematic excavations at Dvin have proceeded since 1937 and have produced an abundance of materials that have shed light into the Armenian culture of the 5th to the 13th centuries.

Name

Ancient Armenian literary sources almost always give the name of the ancient city of Dvin as Dwin or Duin. Later authors favored the Dvin appellation, which is the most common form given in scholarly literature.

History

The ancient city of Dvin was built by Chosroes III of Armenia in 335 on a site of an ancient settlement and fortress from the third millennium B.C. Since then the city had been used as the primary residence of the Armenian Kings of the Arshakuni Dynasty. Dvin boasted a population of about 100,000 citizens who were in various professions including arts and crafts, trade, fishing, etc.

After the fall of the Armenian Kingdom in 428, Dvin became the residence of Sassanid appointed marzpans (governors), Byzantine kouropalates and later Umayyad and Abbasid appointed ostikans (governors), all of whom were of senior nakharar stock. In 640 Dvin was the center of the emirate of Arminia.

Under Arshakuni rule, Dvin prospered as one of the most populous and wealthiest cities east of Constantinople. Its welfare continued even after the partition of Armenia between Romans and Sassanid Persians and eventually became a target during the height of the Arab invasions. According to Sebeos and Catholicos John V the Historian, Dvin was captured in 640 during the reign of Constans II and Catholicos Ezra. The Arabs called the city Dabil.

Despite the fact that Dvin, was a battleground between Arabs and Byzantine forces for the next two centuries, in the 9th century it was still a flourishing city. Frequent earthquakes and continued Arab oppression led to the decline of the city in the beginning of the 10th century. During a major earthquake in 893, the city was destroyed along with most of its 70,000 inhabitants.

The Byzantines conquered Armenia along with Dvin in 1045 from the Bagratunis. In 1064 the Seljuks occupied the city. The Kurdish Shaddadids ruled the city as Seljuk vassals from then on until the Georgian King George III conquered the city in 1173. In 1201-1203 during the reign of Queen Tamar the city was again under Georgian rule. In 1236 the city was completely destroyed by Mongols.

Dvin was the birthplace of Najm ad-Din Ayyub and Asad ad-Din Shirkuh bin Shadhi, Kurdish generals in the service of the Seljuks; Najm ad-Din Ayyub's son Saladin was the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. Saladin was born in Tikrit, Iraq, but his family had originated from the ancient city of Dvin.

Cathedral of S. Grigor

Situated in the central square of the ancient city was the Cathedral of S. Grigor. It was originally constructed in the 3rd century as triple-nave pagan temple with seven pairs of interior structural supports. The temple was rebuilt in the 4th century as a Christian church, with a pentahedral apse that protruded sharply on its eastern side. In the middle of the 5th century, an exterior arched gallery was added to the existing structure. At the time that the cathedral was built, it was the largest in Armenia and measured 30.41 meters by 58.17 meters.

Ornate decorations adorned the interior and the exterior of the building. The capitals of the columns were decorated with fern-like relief, while the cornices were carved in the design of three interlaced strands. The interior floor of the structure was made up of mosaic multi-colored soft-toned slabs in a geometric pattern, while the floor of the apse was decorated in the 7th century with a mosaic of smaller stone tiles representing the Holy Virgin. It is the most ancient mosaic depiction of her in Armenia.

By the middle of the 7th century, the cathedral was rebuilt into a cruciform domed church with apses that protruded off of its lateral facades. All that remains of the cathedral today are the stone foundations uncovered during archaeological excavations in the 20th century.

Gallery

References

External links

Armeniapedia.org: Ruins of Dvin

Iranica article on Dvin

Category:Former capitals of Armenia Category:Ararat (province) Category:Populated places in Ararat

This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.