Chiayi 嘉義
—  Provincial city  —
Chiayi City · 嘉義市
Flag of Chiayi Flag
Nickname(s): Peach city (桃城) or Jia (嘉市)
Country	Republic of China (Taiwan)
Region	Southwestern Taiwan
Capital	East Dist.(東區)
Government
• Mayor	Huang Ming-hui (黃敏惠)
Area(Ranked 24 of 25)
• Total	60.0256 km2 (23.1760 sq mi)
Population (April 2009)
• Total	274,212
• Density	4,600/km2 (12,000/sq mi)
	Population ranked 21 of 25
Districts	2
Bird
Flower	Hong Kong orchid tree (Bauhinia blakeana)
Tree	Hong Kong orchid tree
Website	English Chinese

Chiayi City
Daxili, country small town in administrative Chiayi City
Traditional Chinese	嘉義市
Simplified Chinese	嘉义市
Transcriptions Hakka - Romanization Kâ-ngi-sṳ Mandarin - Hanyu Pinyin Jiāyì Shì - Tongyong Pinyin Jiayì Shìh - Wade–Giles Chia-i Shih - IPA [tɕjáî ʂɨ̂] Min - Hokkien POJ Ka-gī chhī

This article contains Chinese text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.

Chiayi City (sometimes romanized as Jiayi) (Chinese: 嘉義市; Hanyu Pinyin: Jiāyì Shì; Tongyong Pinyin: Jiayì Shìh; Wade–Giles: Chia-i Shih; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ka-gī chhī) is a city located in the plains of southwestern Taiwan. Formerly called Kagee during the late Qing Dynasty and Kagi during the Japanese era, its historical name is Tirosen.

History[link]

First inhabited by the Hoanya aborigines, the region was named Tirosen.

With the arrival of Han Chinese in southwestern Taiwan, the name Tirosen evolved to become Chu-lô-san (Chinese characters: 諸羅山) in Hokkien. Eventually, Chu-lô-san was shortened to simply Chu-lô. Because of the choice of the characters, it has been mistakenly suggested that the origin of the name Chu-lô-san or Chu-lô came from the expression "mountains surrounding the east." "Peach City" is another name for Chiayi City due to its peach-shaped territory in ancient times. The tip of the peach is around Central Fountain and was called "Peach-tip" by citizens.

Chulôsan was once the foothold to which people from the mainland immigrated. In 1621, Yen Szu-Chi, who came from Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, first led his people to cultivate this land after they landed at Penkang (Peikang). In 1661 (the 15th year of Yung-Li, Ming Dynasty), Koxinga defeated the Dutch based in Taiwan. Then he established one province, Cheng-Tien-Fu (承天府), and two counties, Tien-Hsing (天興縣) and Wan-Nien (萬年縣), demarcated by the Hsin-Kang River (新港溪, the Yen-Shui River now). Chiayi was under the jurisdiction of the Tien-Hsing County.

In 1684 (the 23rd year of Kangxi, the Qing Dynasty, see Taiwan under Qing Dynasty rule), Taiwan was established as Taiwan Sub-Province governing three counties, Taiwan (台灣) and Feng-Shan, which were divided from Wan-Nien County in Ming Dynasty, and Chu-Lo (諸羅縣), which was changed from Tien-Hsing County. The county government of Chu-Lo County was in Chia-li Hsing (佳里, modern Jiali, Tainan).

In 1704 (the 43rd year of Kangxi), the county government of Chu-Lo County moved from Chia-li Hsing to Chulosan, the current Chiayi City, with city walls in wood railing. In 1727 (5th year of the Yongzheng Emperor), the county magistrate, Liu Liang-Bi rebuilt the gatehouses and set a gun platform for each gatehouse. The four gatehouses were named: "Chin Shan" (襟山) for East, "Tai Hai" (帶海) for West, "Chung Yang" (崇陽) for South, and "Kung Chen" (拱辰) for North. In 1734 (the 12th year of Yongzheng), magistrate Lu-Hung built piercing-bamboo to better protect the city.

In 1786 (the 51st year of Qianlong), Lin Shuang-Wen headed his people to siege Chulosan but failed because of the assisting defense from the inhabitants. Consequently, on November 3 of the next year, the Qing Emperor made an imperial announcement: awarded the name "Chiayi" to replace "Chulosan" for praising the citizens' loyalty.

In 1885 (the 11th year of Guangxu Emperor), Taiwan was approved to be a province. Two years later, the jurisdiction was divided as three sub-provinces, one direct county, eleven counties and three bureaus. Chiayi belonged to Taiwan sub-province and the hall was still in Chiayi.

In 1895, Taiwan was ceded to Japan in the Treaty of Shimonoseki.

In 1906, a major earthquake devastated the entire city wall except the Eastern Gate. The Japanese authorities reconstructed the city. Industries and trades started to flourish. In 1907, the construction of forest railroad to Alishan (Mt. Ali) was begun. Chiayi became an autonomy group as Chiayi Town and later (1930) promoted as an autonomous city.

In 1945, when Japan relinquished control of Taiwan, Chiayi City was elevated to a provincial city under the jurisdiction of the Republic of China.

In 1950, because of the re-allocation of administrative areas in which Taiwan was divided into 16 counties, five provincial cities, and a special bureau, Chiayi City was downgraded to a county-government status. As a result, a shortage of capital hindered its development.

On July 1, 1982, it was elevated again to a provincial city as a result of pressure from local elites.

Administration[link]

Chiayi has two districts (區 qu):	District		Population	Land area
			as of 2009	km²
	■ East District	東區	128,282	29.1195
	■ West District	西區	145,786	30.9061

City attractions[link]

• Chiayi Park
• Sun Shooting Tower (射日塔) (in Chiayi Park)
• Lantan (蘭潭水庫) (also known as Dutch Lake or Holland Lake)
• Historic Archives Building of Chiayi City(史蹟博物館)
• University of Chiayi
• Chiayi Museum
• Wenhua Road (文化路) Night Market
• Carrefour Night Market
• The High Speed Railway

quote from Tourism Bureau, MOTC, R.O.C.

• Chiayi International Band Festival

Chiayi is the city of wind music in Taiwan. The wind music festival started as a local event in 1988, when it was more like a joint performance by local wind music bands. Over the years the festival has become the most anticipated annual event in Chiayi.^[1]

Climate[link]

Chiayi has a warm, monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cwa). Northeasterly winds during fall and winter mean that rainfall is depressed during that time, while southwesterly winds during summer and the later portion of spring bring most of the year's rainfall, with more than 60% falling from June to August. Humidity is high year-round, even during winter.

Higher education[link]

Chiayi is the location of National Chiayi University, and is only 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) away from National Chung Cheng University, one of Taiwan's research institutions.

International relations[link]

Twin towns — sister cities[link]

Chiayi is twinned with:

See also[link]

	People's Republic of China portal
	China portal

• List of mayors of Chiayi
• Momofuku Ando

References[link]

External links[link]

Find more about Chiayi on Wikipedia's sister projects:
	Definitions and translations from Wiktionary
	Images and media from Commons
	Learning resources from Wikiversity
	News stories from Wikinews
	Quotations from Wikiquote
	Source texts from Wikisource
	Textbooks from Wikibooks

• Chiayi travel guide from Wikitravel
• Chiayi City government website (Chinese) (English)
• Chiayi City Police Burea
• Chiayi City/County tourism website
• National Chung Cheng University [1]

v t e Administrative divisions of the Republic of China (Otherwise known as Taiwan) Special municipalities Kaohsiung New Taipei Taichung Tainan Taipei Taiwan Province Cities Chiayi Hsinchu Keelung Counties Changhua Chiayi Hsinchu Hualien Miaoli Nantou Penghu Pingtung Taitung Taoyuan Yilan Yunlin Fujian Province Counties Kinmen Lienchiang See also: Free Area of the Republic of China.

Coordinates: 23°28′48″N 120°26′59″E / 23.48°N 120.44972°E / 23.48; 120.44972

Jia Yi (賈誼, pinyin: Jiǎ Yí; Chia I, Wade-Giles; 201 BCE – 169 BCE) was a Chinese poet and statesman of the Han Dynasty.

Life[link]

Jia Yi was born in 201 BCE in Luoyang.^[1]

When he reached the age of 18, he was already well known in his county for his ability in poems and essay-writing, and was referred to as "Jia sheng", i.e. "Student Jia". Soon, he was recommended by Wu Gong (吳公) to Emperor Wen of Han. He soon achieved a high status but was repulsed by older, high-ranking officials at the time such as Zhou Bo (周勃) and Guan Ying (灌嬰).

Jia Yi made many suggestions to Emperor Wen about governing his empire. As an advocate of Confucian reforms, attacking Xiongnu and lessening the power of local governors, he made enemies at court and lost his position.^[1][2] He became the tutor to the King of Changsha,^[1] a place he disliked as he feared its humid climate would lead to an early death. When passing the Xiang river, he wrote several poems grieving for his sad fate and compared himself with Qu Yuan, as he believed he was sent into exile. Changsha was known as "The home of Qu [Yuan] and Jia [Yi]" (屈賈之鄉) because of their influence.

In 173 BC, he was recalled by the emperor to the capital Luoyang, allegedly to be asked about matters of mysticism by Emperor Wen, and was later made a tutor of his youngest son, Prince Huai of Liang (梁懷王), true name Liu Yi (劉揖).

In 169 BC, Prince Huai of Liang, whom he tutored, fell off a horse and died. The following year Jia committed suicide,^[1] allegedly out of feelings of responsibility for the incident.

Works[link]

He is known for his fù (賦), poems in a mixed prose and poetry style that was popular in the Han Dynasty, and for his political works such as Guo Qin Lun (過秦論) and Zhi'An Ce (治安策), the latter mostly lost. Since he wrote favorably of social and ethical ideas attributed to Confucius and wrote an essay focused on the failings of the Legalist-based Qin Dynasty (221–206 BC), he was classified by other scholars in the Han Dynasty as a Confucian scholar (rujia).^[1]

See also[link]

Poetry portal

• Ten Crimes of Qin
• Chao Cuo

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Loewe, Michael. (1986). "The Former Han Dynasty," in The Cambridge History of China: Volume I: the Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 B.C. – A.D. 220. Edited by Denis Twitchett and Michael Loewe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-24327-0.
• Di Cosmo, Nicola. (2002). Ancient China and Its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-77064-5.