In classical architecture, a colonnade denotes a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, or part of a building.^[1]

When in front of a building, screening the door (Latin porta), it is called a portico, when enclosing an open court, a peristyle. A portico may be more than one rank of columns deep, as at the Pantheon in Rome or the stoae of Ancient Greece. Paired or multiple pairs of columns are normally employed in a colonnade, but the porch of columns that surrounds a peripteral classical temple (such as the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.) can be termed a colonnade.^[2]

At the British Museum porticos are continued along the front as a colonnade. In U.S. sports stadiums, there are several famous examples of colonnades, including: Harvard Stadium in Boston, whose entire horseshoe-shaped stadium is topped by one, the two twin sets on either side of Soldier Field in Chicago (although these are no longer visible from inside the stadium as of the 2004 renovations), and Memorial Stadium at the University of Illinois, which are located on the façade of the grandstands on either side of the field, and the University of Virginia's former American Football stadium Lambeth Field has colonnades that wrap around the top of the bleachers. According to Emporis, the New York State Education Building in Albany, New York has the longest colonnade in the United States, with 36 Corinthian columns.^[3]

Notable colonnades[link]

• Kazannevsky.jpg

  Colonnade of the Kazan Cathedral in Saint Petersburg

• Baalbek-Jupiter.jpg

  Ancient colonnade in Baalbeck, Lebanon

• 

  Ancient colonnade in Ephesus

• 

  Colonnade of St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican

• 

  Perrault's Colonnade in Paris

• 

  Palacio da Alvorada, by Oscar Niemeyer, showing a modern interpretation of the classical colonnade

References[link]

See also[link]

• balustrade

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Colonnades

Gavin Rossdale
Gavin Rossdale at NOVA ROCK 2008
Background information
Birth name	Gavin McGregor Rossdale
Born	(1965-10-30) 30 October 1965 (age 46) London, England, United Kingdom
Genres	Alternative rock Post-grunge Hard rock Grunge
Instruments	Vocals, Guitar
Years active	1983–present
Labels	Interscope Records
Associated acts	Bush (1992–2002, 2010–present) Institute (2004–2006) Apocalyptica (2010) Carlos Santana (2010)
Website	www.gavinrossdale.com
Notable instruments
Fender Jazzmaster Fender Stratocaster Gibson Les Paul ESP Eclipse

Gavin McGregor Rossdale (born 30 October 1965)^[1] is an English musician, known as the lead singer and rhythm guitarist of the rock band Bush as well as an actor. Following Bush's separation in 2002, which lasted for eight years, he was the lead singer and guitarist for Institute, and later began a solo career. He continues to perform both Bush and Institute songs during his solo concerts.^[2] Rossdale is married to fellow musician Gwen Stefani.

Early life (1967–1992)[link]

Rossdale was born in Kilburn, London, the son of Barbara Stephan (Bowie) and Douglas Rossdale, a doctor. His mother was born in Scotland and his father's parents were of Russian Jewish descent, the family's surname originally being Rosenthal.^[3][4] His parents divorced when he was eleven years old, and he was raised primarily by his father and aunt. His mother remarried and moved to Tampa, Florida. Rossdale has a younger sister, Soraya, and an elder one, Lorraine. Rossdale's half brother, David Rossdale, is the Bishop of Grimsby (a suffragan in the Diocese of Lincoln). Rossdale's half sister, Georgina Rossdale-Smith, is a doctor.

Rossdale learned to play bass guitar after hanging out with his sister Lorraine's boyfriend, who was in a band called The Nobodyz, but he switched to rhythm guitar. At 17, he left Westminster School, and formed a band called Midnight (formerly Little Dukes), which produced a couple of singles and many publicity photos. In 1991, Rossdale moved to Los Angeles for 6 months, lived where he could, and took whatever part-time jobs were available, including production assistant on video shoots. He spent some time in NYC before returning to England where he hooked up with future manager Dave Dorrell (MARRS), whom he had met in LA. In 1992, Rossdale formed Future Primitive, whose original line-up included screenwriter Sacha Gervasi, who left to pursue a film-making career. The band changed its name to Bush in the summer of 1994 and released the promo Sixteen Stone.

Career[link]

Bush (1992–2002)[link]

This biographical section of an article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (September 2010)

Gavin has been the lead singer/songwriter for the British post-grunge rock band Bush since its inception. Their first album, Sixteen Stone (1994), was a huge commercial success. Almost overnight, Bush went from playing small pubs in London to headlining arenas in the US, the result of extensive, non-stop touring. However, some critics labelled them as an inferior derivative of bands such as Nirvana and Pixies, and this criticism followed them throughout their career as a band. In particular, Rossdale's forced, raspy singing voice and random, stream of consciousness-style lyrics were dismissed by some as an imitation of Nirvana's lead singer, Kurt Cobain. Although the band reached superstar status in the U.S., they failed to have much impact in the UK, which at the time was rather preoccupied with Britpop. The sole exception to this was their single "Swallowed", which reached Number 7 on the UK charts. A change in record labels, management and an extended hiatus did not bode well for the band, who unofficially split in 2002.

Bush's albums include the aforementioned Sixteen Stone, Razorblade Suitcase (recorded by Steve Albini), Deconstructed, The Science of Things, and Golden State, all albums had much success in terms of albums sales, which led Bush to be one of the best selling rock groups to come out of the nineties.

Post-Bush projects (2002–2009)[link]

Rossdale sang a song titled "Adrenaline" written by Tina, whom he thanked for submitting the lyrics for the soundtrack of the movie xXx, which is featured during the end credits. The song was also the official theme song for WWE's Unforgiven pay-per-view event in September 2002 and also was The Undertaker's Desire/Tribute theme of that same year.

He also guest appeared for Blue Man Group's "The Current" and is featured in its video. The song was used in the ending credits of Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines.

In 2004, after Bush had been on hiatus for two years, Rossdale formed Institute. Their album, Distort Yourself, released on 13 September 2005 achieved moderate success and the single "Bulletproof skin" was used in the motion picture Stealth. In an interview published in November 2008, Rossdale noted that the Institute record was, "for all intents and purposes, a solo record. It was just a bad marketing decision to call it something else".^[5] Institute broke up in 2006, after one album.

Rossdale in August 2005

In 2007, Rossdale announced on his website that he was working on new music for a solo album. He wrote that he was very happy with the sound of the album, citing he went back to his roots with Bush. Rossdale's single, "Can't Stop the World," is the introduction theme to Fox's programme, Drive.

In 2007, he covered John Lennon's "Mind Games" for the album Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur. Later that year, Gavin finished recording his first solo record titled Wanderlust, released 3 June 2008. Gwen Stefani, Rossdale's wife, sings background vocals on the track "Can't Stop The World.", with other vocalists on the album including Shirley Manson, Katy Perry and Dave Stewart^[6] Bush and Institute guitarist Chris Traynor also played on the album. He also made a guest appearance on the DT8 Project album Perfect World, taking lead vocals and co-writing the track Falling.

On 1 April 2008 the first single from WANDERlust, "Love Remains The Same", was released through digital retailers. It entered the Billboard Hot 100 at Number 76, rising to 27 in October 2008, giving Rossdale his first Top 40 hit since the days when he fronted the post-grunge band Bush. Rossdale is planning a full-scale solo tour in Spring 2009.^[7] Of the album's title, Rossdale said, "I just liked it because it's kind of sexy enough, it's powerful, it's one word. Wanderlust sums up that desire for music and for singing and performing and this life."^[8]

Gavin also provides the vocals for the Apocalyptica song "End of Me," which is the lead single off of their latest album 7th Symphony.^[9]

Bush again (2010–present)[link]

On June 21, 2010, it was announced that Bush would be returning, and are planning to release a new album, The Sea of Memories, in the fall of 2011. It was released on September 13, 2011. Rossdale co-wrote two songs for Taylor Momsen's band The Pretty Reckless on their new album, Light Me Up. They are titled Fix Me and You. Bush will also be joining The Pretty Reckless for select dates on their world tour this winter.

Rossdale was also a judge for the 10th annual Independent Music Awards to support independent artists' careers.^[10]

Acting[link]

Rossdale appeared in the film Constantine (2005) playing the villain Balthazar. He has also appeared in the films Zoolander (2001), Mayor of the Sunset Strip (2004), Little Black Book (2004), The Game of Their Lives (2005) and How to Rob a Bank (2008). Additionally, he appeared in the crime drama television series Criminal Minds in an episode, "The Performer" (2009), portraying a rock star named Paul Davies who takes a vampire-like alter-ego named Dante whose music is involved in a string of exsanguination murders. He appeared in the eighth episode of season 5 of Burn Notice.

Personal life[link]

Rossdale's wife, Gwen Stefani

In 1995, Rossdale met Gwen Stefani, lead singer of the ska punk band No Doubt, when Bush and No Doubt were on tour.^[11] The two married in 2002. In 2005, on the radio show Loveline, Rossdale said that he and Stefani preferred to keep their relationship entirely out of the media, that he grew up in a chaotic home, and that having a stable environment for his family was important to him.

On 26 May 2006, Rossdale and Stefani had a son, Kingston James McGregor Rossdale, at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. Kingston weighed 7 pounds, 5 ounces.^[12] On 21 August 2008, Stefani gave birth to the couple's second son, Zuma Nesta Rock Rossdale, in Los Angeles. He weighed in at 8 pounds, 5 ounces.^[13][14][15]

In 2004, a paternity test revealed that Rossdale was the father of Pearl Lowe's daughter, Daisy Lowe (born 1989); Rossdale and Pearl Lowe had had a brief relationship and Rossdale had been Daisy's godfather.^[16][17][18] Reportedly, Rossdale subsequently cut off all contact with his teenage daughter and her mother,^{[19][19][20][21]} but in 2009 several websites published photos of Daisy walking with Kingston on a London pavement.^[22][23] Both Daisy and Rossdale have said in 2010 interviews that their relationship is good. He has said "With Daisy, I just have to be respectful. I suppose it's more like a friendship."^[24]

In his 1995 autobiography Take It Like A Man, Boy George wrote that in the 1980s Rossdale had an affair with the British singer Peter Robinson, a.k.a. Marilyn. In a 1996 interview for Rolling Stone, Rossdale responded with a shrug: "That's George's take – he doesn't know me. There's a queue of people going to their lawyers about stuff in his book. I hope he manages to sell some books by putting my name in there."^[25] Elsewhere both Rossdale and Marilyn initially denied the story.^[26][27] Then in 2009, Marilyn confirmed it and said they had been "together five years" in the 1980s;^[27] in 2010, Rossdale said it had been experimentation and "part of growing up."^[28] Marilyn said, "Gavin and Gwen are perfect for each other, but he was the love of my life."^[27]

Rossdale and Stefani have homes in Primrose Hill (London), and Los Angeles (California). Rossdale is an avid tennis player.^[29] Rossdale and Stefani are also friends of tennis players Lindsay Davenport and Roger Federer – often seen supporting him at tournaments. At the 2010 Farmers Classic in Los Angeles, he teamed up with Michael Chang, playing against Jim Courier and comedian Jon Lovitz.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

Singles[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Gavin Rossdale Official Site
• Gavin Rossdale at the Internet Movie Database
• Gavin Rossdale at Allmusic

Nicole Renee "Niki" Taylor (born March 5, 1975) is an American model.

Early life[link]

Taylor was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, to Ken and Barbara Taylor, a highway patrol lieutenant and a photographer, respectively. She was raised in Pembroke Pines, Florida, and attended Cooper City High School. She has an older sister, Joelle, and had a younger sister, Krissy, a fellow model, who died of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia on July 2, 1995, at the age of 17.

Modeling career[link]

When she was 13, Taylor signed with Irene Marie Models in South Florida. There she met photographer Jean Renard, who later became her manager. She subsequently won a Fresh Faces contest in New York City and a $500,000 modeling contract. Taylor's first magazine cover was an issue of Seventeen (August 1989) at 14. The following year, at 15, she graced the cover of Vogue.

In 1991, Taylor was named one of People magazine's 50 Most Beautiful People, wearing a bright-orange one-piece bathing suit with long lime-green gloves on the beach. The following year, Taylor became the first spokesmodel younger than 18 to sign a major contract with CoverGirl, and she became a feature in their national advertising campaign. Some of her other ad campaigns have been for Liz Claiborne, Nokia, Ellen Tracy, L'Oréal, Gap, Lee Jeans, Rampage clothes, and Pantene. Taylor also simultaneously had six enormous billboards in NYC's Times Square for Liz Claiborne.

In May 1996, Taylor appeared on the cover of the six major American women's fashion and fitness magazines in the same month: Allure, Vogue, ELLE, Marie Claire, Self, and Shape. She appeared in the 1997 and 1998 editions of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, and was the cover-model of the 1998 Sports Illustrated swimsuit calendar.

Other ventures[link]

Outside of modeling, Taylor was once an interviewer for segments of the syndicated program Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous. She also covered events for NBC and guest-hosted MTV's Fashionably Loud. In July 2005, Taylor opened a clothing store, Abbie and Jesse's, in Franklin, Tennessee, with her manager and friend Lou Taylor (no relation).^[1]

In the fall of 2005, Taylor launched her first fragrance, "Begin by Niki Taylor." She also founded the Begin Foundation for the Advancement of Women in Business. In 2007, Niki introduced the finalists on friend and co–Cover Girl spokesmodel Tyra Banks's talkshow. Taylor and male model Tyson Beckford co-hosted the new Bravo series Make Me a Supermodel. It premiered on January 10, 2008.^[2] Although the show was renewed for a second season, Taylor did not return as co-host since she was pregnant during the filming of the second season.^[3]

Taylor became a contestant on the fourth edition of The Celebrity Apprentice on March 6th, 2011. In the first task, Taylor was considered the star performer by her team, and was even rewarded $35,000 for her charity (American Red Cross) because of her efforts. On March 20th, she became the third person to be fired. Taylor had been the project manager for her team's third task, and when they lost, she humbly took accountability for their defeat, and did not even choose two people to come with her to the boardroom, wishing to not instigate any conflict within her team. Donald Trump commented how he had a lot of respect for Taylor to take responsibility for the loss, but he still fired her. She returned for the May 1st, 2011 episode to help the Men's Team, Team Backbone, in a Hair Show Task.

Personal life[link]

A few months after graduating from high school in the spring of 1993, Taylor met former Miami Hooters linebacker Matt Martinez during a coin-toss at an Arena football game in Miami. Three months later, in January 1994, they eloped to Las Vegas. On July 19, 1994, a 4-months-pregnant Taylor married Martinez in a more traditional wedding ceremony in McCammon, Idaho. In December 1994, the couple had twin sons, Jake and Hunter. Less than two years later, Taylor and Martinez divorced.^{[citation needed]}

In October 2006, Taylor became engaged to NASCAR driver Burney Lamar after just three dates.^[4] They met at an autograph session in January 2006.^[5] Their wedding was on December 27, 2006, at the Grande Colonial Hotel in La Jolla, California. Instead of gifts, the couple asked for donations to be sent to Victory Junction Gang Camp, a camp for chronically ill children in North Carolina.^[6]

Taylor and Lamar's first child together, daughter Ciel Taylor Lamar, was born on March 4, 2009, one day before Taylor's 34th birthday.^[7] Taylor lives with her husband, daughter and sons in a French colonial house on 7 acres (28,000 m²) in Brentwood, Tennessee.^[8] On November 16, 2011, Taylor gave birth to her second child with Lamar, a son named Rex Harrison Lamar. ^[9]

Health struggles[link]

On May 2, 2001, Taylor was critically injured in a car accident in Atlanta, Georgia. The driver, her friend Chad Renegar, was attempting to answer his cell phone when he lost control of the car and smashed into a utility pole.^[10]

Taylor was wearing her automatic shoulder belt at the time, and she was not thrown from the vehicle. However, she suffered severe internal injuries, including a collapsed lung and serious liver damage. The accident left her unconscious for six weeks and then bedridden for an additional month.

Taylor was treated at Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta and had approximately 56 operations and substantial physical therapy. This led to a long difficult recovery.subsequent addiction Stephen M. Silverman (2001-06-27). "Niki Taylor Begins Physical Rehab". People magazine. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,622151,00.html. Retrieved 2007-06-02. </ref> and she went to rehab in that same year for treatment.

Lawsuit[link]

On January 29, 2007, Taylor filed a federal lawsuit against E! Entertainment for slander and emotional distress, regarding their profile of her in the TV series Boulevard of Broken Dreams.^[11] She alleged that the producers promised to promote her successes but instead misrepresented her as a failure whose life has been filled with misfortune. The complaint stated that "The first episode...is a false portrayal of Ms. Taylor as being continually plagued by ill fortune and tragedy".^[12] The lawsuit indicated that the documentary alarmed a cosmetics company whom she was negotiating to start a cosmetics line with^[13], and the lawsuit was settled out of court.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Niki Taylor official site
• Celebrity Apprentice page for Niki Taylor (March 2011)
• Niki Taylor at FAMAMOCA
• Niki Taylor at the Fashion Model Directory
• Niki Taylor at the Internet Movie Database
• SI Swimsuit Collection gallery - Niki Taylor
• Fansite for both Niki & Krissy Taylor