A screenshot of a web page on Wikipedia

A web page or webpage is a document or information resource that is suitable for the World Wide Web and can be accessed through a web browser and displayed on a monitor or mobile device. This information is usually in HTML or XHTML format, and may provide navigation to other web pages via hypertext links. Web pages frequently subsume other resources such as style sheets, scripts and images into their final presentation.

Web pages may be retrieved from a local computer or from a remote web server. The web server may restrict access only to a private network, e.g. a corporate intranet, or it may publish pages on the World Wide Web. Web pages are requested and served from web servers using Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

Web pages may consist of files of static text and other content stored within the web server's file system (static web pages), or may be constructed by server-side software when they are requested (dynamic web pages). Client-side scripting can make web pages more responsive to user input once on the client browser.

Colour, typography, illustration, and interaction[link]

Web pages usually include information as to the colours of text and backgrounds and very often also contain links to images and sometimes other types of media to be included in the final view. Layout, typographic and color-scheme information is provided by Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) instructions, which can either be embedded in the HTML or can be provided by a separate file, which is referenced from within the HTML. The latter case is especially relevant where one lengthy stylesheet is relevant to a whole website: due to the way HTTP works, the browser will only download it once from the web server and use the cached copy for the whole site. Images are stored on the web server as separate files, but again HTTP allows for the fact that once a web page is downloaded to a browser, it is quite likely that related files such as images and stylesheets will be requested as it is processed. An HTTP 1.1 web server will maintain a connection with the browser until all related resources have been requested and provided. Web browsers usually render images along with the text and other material on the displayed web page.

Dynamic behavior[link]

Client-side computer code such as JavaScript or code implementing Ajax techniques can be provided either embedded in the HTML of a web page or, like CSS stylesheets, as separate, linked downloads specified in the HTML. These scripts may run on the client computer, if the user allows.

Browsers[link]

A web browser can have a Graphical User Interface, like Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Chrome and Opera, or can be text-based, like Lynx or Links.

Web users with disabilities often use assistive technologies and adaptive strategies to access web pages.^[1] Users may be color blind, may or may not want to use a mouse perhaps due to repetitive stress injury or motor-neurone problems, may be deaf and require audio to be captioned, may be blind and using a screen reader or braille display, may need screen magnification, etc.

Disabled and able-bodied users may disable the download and viewing of images and other media, to save time, network bandwidth or merely to simplify their browsing experience. Users of mobile devices often have restricted displays and bandwidth. Anyone may prefer not to use the fonts, font sizes, styles and color schemes selected by the web page designer and may apply their own CSS styling to the page.

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) recommend that all web pages should be designed with all of these options in mind.

Elements[link]

A web page, as an information set, can contain numerous types of information, which is able to be seen, heard or interact by the end user:

Perceived (rendered) information:

• Textual information: with diverse render variations.
• Non-textual information:
  • Static images may be raster graphics, typically GIF, JPEG or PNG; or vector formats such as SVG or Flash.
  • Animated images typically Animated GIF and SVG, but also may be Flash, Shockwave, or Java applet.
  • Audio, typically MP3, ogg or various proprietary formats.
  • Video, WMV (Windows), RM (Real Media), FLV (Flash Video), MPG, MOV (QuickTime)
• Interactive information: see interactive media.
  • For "on page" interaction:
    • Interactive text: see DHTML.
    • Interactive illustrations: ranging from "click to play" images to games, typically using script orchestration, Flash, Java applets, SVG, or Shockwave.
    • Buttons: forms providing alternative interface, typically for use with script orchestration and DHTML.
  • For "between pages" interaction:
    • Hyperlinks: standard "change page" reactivity.
    • Forms: providing more interaction with the server and server-side databases.

Internal (hidden) information:

• Comments
• Linked Files through Hyperlink (Like DOC,XLS,PDF,etc).
• Metadata with semantic meta-information, Charset information, Document Type Definition (DTD), etc.
• Diagramation and style information: information about rendered items (like image size attributes) and visual specifications, as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
• Scripts, usually JavaScript, complement interactivity and functionality.

Note: on server-side the web page may also have "Processing Instruction Information Items".

The web page can also contain dynamically adapted information elements, dependent upon the rendering browser or end-user location (through the use of IP address tracking and/or "cookie" information).

From a more general/wide point of view, some information (grouped) elements, like a navigation bar, are uniform for all website pages, like a standard. These kind of "website standard information" are supplied by technologies like web template systems.

Rendering[link]

Web pages will often require more screen space than is available for a particular display resolution. Most modern browsers will place a scrollbar (a sliding tool at the side of the screen that allows the user to move the page up or down, or side-to-side) in the window to allow the user to see all content. Scrolling horizontally is less prevalent than vertical scrolling, not only because such pages often do not print properly, but because it inconveniences the user more so than vertical scrolling would (because lines are horizontal; scrolling back and forth for every line is much more inconvenient than scrolling after reading a whole screen; also most computer keyboards have page up and down keys, and many computer mice have vertical scroll wheels, but the horizontal scrolling equivalents are rare).

When web pages are stored in a common directory of a web server, they become a website. A website will typically contain a group of web pages that are linked together, or have some other coherent method of navigation. The most important web page to have on a website is the index page. Depending on the web server settings, this index page can have many different names, but the most common is index.html. When a browser visits the homepage for a website, or any URL pointing to a directory rather than a specific file, the web server will serve the index page to the requesting browser. If no index page is defined in the configuration, or no such file exists on the server, either an error or directory listing will be served to the browser.

A web page can either be a single HTML file, or made up of several HTML files using frames or Server Side Includes (SSIs). Frames have been known to cause problems with web accessibility, copyright,^[2] navigation, printing and search engine rankings^[3], and are now less often used than they were in the 1990s.^[4][5] Both frames and SSIs allow certain content which appears on many pages, such as page navigation or page headers, to be repeated without duplicating the HTML in many files. Frames and the W3C recommended alternative of 2000, the <object> tag,^[4] also allow some content to remain in one place while other content can be scrolled using conventional scrollbars. Modern CSS and JavaScript client-side techniques can also achieve all of these goals and more.

When creating a web page, it is important to ensure it conforms to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standards for HTML, CSS, XML and other standards. The W3C standards are in place to ensure all browsers which conform to their standards can display identical content without any special consideration for proprietary rendering techniques. A properly coded web page is going to be accessible to many different browsers old and new alike, display resolutions, as well as those users with audio or visual impairments.

URL[link]

Typically, web pages today are becoming more dynamic. A dynamic web page is one that is created server-side when it is requested, and then served to the end-user. These types of web pages typically do not have a permalink, or a static URL, associated with them. Today, this can be seen in many popular forums, online shopping, and even on Wikipedia. This practice is intended to reduce the amount of static pages in lieu of storing the relevant web page information in a database. Some search engines may have a hard time indexing a web page that is dynamic, so static web pages can be provided in those instances.

Viewing[link]

In order to graphically display a web page, a web browser is needed. This is a type of software that can retrieve web pages from the Internet. Most current web browsers include the ability to view the source code. Viewing a web page in a text editor will also display the source code.

Creation[link]

To create a web page, a text editor or a specialized HTML editor is needed. In order to upload the created web page to a web server, traditionally an FTP client is needed.

The design of a web page is highly personal. A design can be made according to one's own preference, or a premade web template can be used. Web templates let web page designers edit the content of a web page without having to worry about the overall aesthetics. Many people publish their own web pages using products like Tripod, or Angelfire. These web publishing tools offer free page creation and hosting up to a certain size limit.

Other ways of making a web page is to download specialized software, like a Wiki, CMS, or forum. These options allow for quick and easy creation of a web page which is typically dynamic.

Saving[link]

While one is viewing a web page, a copy of it is saved locally; this is what is being viewed. Depending on the browser settings, this copy may be deleted at any time, or stored indefinitely, sometimes without the user realizing it. Most GUI browsers provide options for saving a web page more permanently. These may include:

• Save the rendered text without formatting or images, with hyperlinks reduced to plain text
• Save the HTML as it was served — Overall structure preserved, but some links may be broken
• Save the HTML with relative links changed to absolute ones so that hyperlinks are preserved
• Save the entire web page — All images and other resources including stylesheets and scripts are downloaded and saved in a new folder alongside the HTML, with links to them altered to refer to the local copies. Other relative links changed to absolute
• Save the HTML as well as all images and other resources into a single MHTML file. This is supported by Internet Explorer and Opera.^[6] Other browsers may support this if a suitable plugin has been installed.

Most operating systems allow applications such as web browsers not only to print the currently viewed web page to a printer, but optionally to "print" to a file that can be viewed or printed later. Some web pages are designed, for example by use of CSS, so that hyperlinks, menus and other navigation items, which will be useless on paper, are rendered into print with this in mind. Sometimes, the destination addresses of hyperlinks may be shown explicitly, either within the body of the page or listed at the end of the printed version. Web page designers may specify in CSS that non-functional menus, navigational blocks and other items may simply be absent from the printed version.

See also[link]

• Dead link
• Domain name
• Guestbook
• Homepage
• Linked data page
• SEO Copywriting
• Web document
• Web design

References[link]

.

Look up web in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Web may refer to:

Biology[link]

• Spider web, a mesh built by a spider, composed of spider silk and usually used for trapping prey
• Interdigital webbing, skin membranes between the digits of semiaquatic mammals

Computing[link]

• World Wide Web or "the Web", a hypertext system that operates over the Internet
  • Web 2.0, a perceived transition of the Web from a collection of Web sites to a full-fledged computing platform serving Web applications
  • World Wide Web Conference (WWW), a yearly international academic conference on the topic of the future direction of the World Wide Web
  • World Wide Web Consortium, also known as W3C and W3.org, the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web
  • WorldWideWeb, the first web browser and editor
  • Web (web browser), the web browser included with GNOME desktop environment (previously known as Epiphany)
  • Web.com, a public company that offers websites and other services for small businesses and consumers
  • Webs (web hosting), a website which allows users to create free websites
• WEB, a computer programming system created by Donald Knuth to implement literate programming

Publications[link]

• The Web (comics), a comic book character
• Web (novel) by John Wyndham, posthumously published novel set on an island populated by spiders
• World English Bible (WEB), a public domain translation of the Bible
• The Web (series), a series of science fiction stories
• "The Web", a publication by Marillion.

Television, radio and film[link]

• WEBS (AM), a radio station at 1030 kHz, licensed to Calhoun, Georgia, United States
• The Web (film), a film noir
• The Web (TV series), a mystery/suspense anthology series
• "Web" (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit), an episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
• Webs (film), a 2003 sci-fi movie
• The Web, a dangerous region of space in the ReBoot universe
• West End Broadcast (WeB FM), a radio station in Newcastle, England, that was a forerunner of NE1fm
• "The Web", an episode from the first season of the British science-fiction series Blake's 7

Miscellaneous[link]

• In mathematics, a linear system of divisors of dimension 3
• Offset printing web, a roll of paper is used, rather than individual pages
• Steel I-beams or trusses are made with a web, centered between the top and bottom flange
• Web Entertainment, a record label
• "The Web", a song from the album "Script for a Jester's Tear" by Marillion.
• Web (manufacturing) continuous sheets of material passed over rollers
• b:Nets, Webs and the Information Infrastructure

See also[link]

• Webb (disambiguation)
• Webbing: Webbing (textile), Interdigital webbing (Biology).

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Look up page in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Page, Pages or Paging may also refer to:

Position or occupation[link]

• Page (servant), a traditionally young male servant
• Page (wedding attendant)
• Page of Honour, a ceremonial position in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom
• A participant in any of the following programs:
  • Canadian House of Commons Page Program
  • Canadian Senate Page Program
  • United States House of Representatives Page
  • United States Senate Page
  • NBC page

Technology[link]

• Page (computer memory), a block of virtual memory
  • The act of paging, a method of data retrieval
• Bank switching, sometimes known as paging
• Code page
• Electronic page, a type of electronic document
• Homepage, the originating page of a web browser
• Multiple buffering, also known as paging
• Ogg page, a unit of data in an Ogg bitstream
• Pager, a personal telecommunications device
• Pages (word processor), a word processor and page layout application
• Splash page (disambiguation)
• Web page
• PolyAcrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

Music[link]

• Pages (band), an American pop rock band
• Pages (album), by Bering Strait
• Page (band), a Swedish synth pop group
• Page (group), a Korean musical group
• Page Music, a record label
• "Pages", a 2007 EP by alternative rock band There for Tomorrow
• Big Page (rapper), a rap musician

People[link]

• Page (surname)

Fictional characters[link]

• Bob Page, a character in the computer game Deus Ex
• Valerie Page, is a fictional character from the comic book series V for Vendetta
• Victoria Page, a character in the Dream Theater concept album Metropolis Pt. 2: Scenes from a Memory

Places[link]

Australia[link]

• Division of Page, New South Wales
• Page, Australian Capital Territory

United States[link]

• Page, Arizona
• Page Park, Florida
• Page, Minneapolis, Minnesota
• Page Township, Mille Lacs County, Minnesota
• Page, Nebraska
• Page, North Dakota
• Page Township, Cass County, North Dakota
• Page Township, Le Flore County, Oklahoma
• Page County, Iowa
• Page County, Virginia

Other uses[link]

• Page (paper), one side of a leaf of paper, as in a book
• Use of a pager to contact a person
• Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a variety of gel electrophoresis
  • SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
• Thomas Nelson Page House, house listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.
• An announcement requesting someone's presences - see Public address

See also[link]

• Paige (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.