name	Treat Williams
birth name	Richard Treat Williams
birth date	December 01, 1951
birth place	Rowayton, Connecticut, United States
occupation	Actor
years active	1972—present
spouse	Pam Van Sant (1988— ; 2 children) }}

Richard Treat Williams (born December 1, 1951) is a Screen Actors Guild Award-nominated American actor who has appeared on film, stage and television. From 2002 to 2006, he was the star of the television series ''Everwood''.

Early life

Williams was born in Rowayton, Connecticut, the son of Marian (née Andrew), an antiques dealer, and Richard Norman Williams, a corporate executive. His maternal great-great-grandfather was Senator William Henry Barnum of Connecticut, and a distant relative was Robert Treat Paine, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. Williams graduated from the Kent School in Connecticut and Franklin and Marshall College. During his adolescence, Treat was often affectionately referred to by nicknames such as "Sweet Treat" and "Big Meat Treat." These later resurfaced when Williams was featured in the Feb 1980 edition of Playgirl.

Career

Williams made his film debut in the 1976 thriller film ''Deadly Hero''. He came to world attention when he starred in the Miloš Forman film ''Hair'' (1979) which was based on the Broadway musical ''Hair''. He has gone on to appear in over 75 films and several television series, including, most notably, ''1941'' (1979), ''Once Upon A Time In America'' (1984), ''Dead Heat'' (1988), ''Things to Do in Denver When You're Dead'' (1995) and ''Deep Rising'' (1998).

Williams was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for his part in ''Hair'' as George Berger. He got a second Golden Globe nomination for starring in Sidney Lumet's ''Prince of the City'' (1981) and a third for his performance as Stanley Kowalski in the television presentation of ''A Streetcar Named Desire''. In 1996, Williams was nominated for a Best Actor Emmy Award by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences for his work in ''The Late Shift'', a HBO movie, in which he portrayed agent Michael Ovitz.

Williams has also worked as a director, winning two festival awards for directing ''Texan'' in Showtime's Chanticleer series.

In 1996, he played villain Xander Drax in Paramount's big budget comic book adaptation, ''The Phantom'', in which Williams' character did his best to take over the world and kill Billy Zane's mysterious superhero.

Williams' career includes numerous stage roles. He won a Drama League Award for his work in the Broadway revival of ''Stephen Sondheim's Follies'', and another for starring in the off-Broadway production of ''Captains Courageous''. Other notable Broadway shows include ''Grease'', the Sherman Brothers' ''Over Here!'', ''Once in a Lifetime'', ''Pirates of Penzance'' and ''Love Letters'', and off-Broadway, he has appeared in David Mamet's ''Oleanna'' and ''Oh, Hell'' (at Lincoln Center), ''Some Men Need Help'' and Randy Newman's ''Maybe I'm Doing It Wrong''. He premiered the Los Angeles production of ''Love Letters'' and appeared in ''War Letters'' at the Canon Theatre in Los Angeles.

Williams may be best known for his leading role as Dr. Andrew Brown in the WB television series ''Everwood'', about a New York neurosurgeon who moves his family to Colorado. Although the show's ratings were never spectacular, it won critical acclaim and had a devoted following. Williams received two SAG Award nominations (2003 and 2004) for his role on the show.

Williams has recently made several guest appearances on the ABC drama ''Brothers & Sisters'' playing David Morton, a friend and potential suitor of the Sally Field character. Williams starred in the short lived series ''Heartland'' on TNT as Nathaniel Grant, the head of a Pittsburgh organ transplant center, before it was canceled due to low ratings. He also starred in a Lifetime movie called the ''Staircase Murders'', which aired April 15, 2007.

Speculations have Williams playing Killer Croc in the upcoming The Dark Knight Rises, directed by Christopher Nolan. According to sources close to the film, Williams' role will be minor. Williams will be starring in an upcoming ''Hallmark Hall of Fame'' movie, titled ''Beyond the Blackboard'', with his former ''Everwood'' co-star, Emily VanCamp, which will air on CBS, April 24, 2011.

Williams has been cast in the CBS television pilot Peachtree Lines. The serial is an examination of political, social, and cultural issues in Atlanta starring Victoria Rowell (Naomi Grace), Treat Williams (mayor Lincoln Rylan), Ving Rhames (Ving Wesley), James Van Der Beek (Garrett Cindell), Jason Dohring (Travis Diring), and Jena Malone (Sierra Jayden).

Personal life

Williams is a commercial pilot. According to the FAA airmen data base, his ratings include being an instrument rated commercial pilot with privileges in both single engine and multi-engine airplanes, as well as rotorcraft-helicopters. He also holds a commercial type-rating for Cessna Citation jets. Furthermore, he is a flight instructor for single engine airplanes.

Williams lives with his wife, Pam Van Sant, and two children, in Utah, where ''Everwood'' was shot. The family also has homes in New York City and Manchester, Vermont.

Filmography

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1976	''''	Michael Brick
1976		Central Park Jogger (uncredited)
1976	''Deadly Hero''	Billings
1976	''''	Captain Clark
1979		George Berger
1979		Cpl. Chuck 'Stretch' Sitarski
1980	''Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back''	Echo Base Trooper (uncredited)
1980	''Why Would I Lie?''	Cletus
1981	''Prince of the City''	Daniel Ciello	Nominated-Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
1981	''''	D.B. Cooper
1983	''Neapolitan Sting''	Ferdinando detto Giugiù
1983	''Dempsey''	Jack Dempsey	TV movie
1984	''Once Upon a Time in America''	James Conway O'Donnell
1984		Stanley Kowalski	TV movie
1984		Ernie Wyatt
1985	''Some Men Need Help''	Hudley T. Singleton III	TV movie
1985	''Smooth Talk''	Arnold Friend
1986	''''	Terry
1987	''J. Edgar Hoover''	J. Edgar Hoover	TV movie
1987	''Faerie Tale Theatre''	Prince Andrew	Episode: "The Little Mermaid"
1987	''Choes in the Darkness''	Rick Guida	TV movie
1988		Peter Nicholl
1988	''''	Mark Hendrix
1988	''La notte degli squali''	David Ziegler
1988		Det. Roger Mortis
1989	''Third Degree Burn''	Scott Weston	TV movie
1989	''Heart of Dixie''	Hoyt Cunningham
1990	''Beyond the Ocean''
1990	''Drug Wars: The Camarena Story''	Ray Carson	TV miniseries
1990	''Max and Helen''	Max Rosenberg	TV movie
1991	''Eddie Dodd''	Eddie Dodd	6 episodes
1992	''Till Death Us Do Part''	Alan Palliko	TV movie
1992		Howard Prince	Episode: "None But the Lonely Heart"
1992	''''	Dave Murray	TV movie
1992	''Batman: The Animated Series''	Dr. Achilles Milo (voice)	Episode: "Cat Scratch Fever"Episode: "Moon of the Wolf"
1992	''Deadly Matrimony''	Alan Masters	TV movie
1993	''Bonds of Love''	Robby Smith	TV movie
1993	''Road to Avonlea''	Zak Morgan	Episode: "Moving On"
1993	''Where the River Flows North''	Champ's Manager
1993-1994		Jack Harold	19 episodes
1994	''Vault of Horror I''		TV movie
1994	''Parallel Lives''	Peter Barnum	TV movie
1994	''Texan''	Man in Chinos	TV short
1994	''Hand Gun''	George McCallister
1995	''Mister Dog''
1995	''''		Short film
1995	''In the Shadow of Evil''	Jack Brenner	TV movie
1995	''Johnny's Girl''	Johnny	TV movie
1995	''Things to Do in Denver When You're Dead''	Critical Bill
1996	''Mulholland Falls''	Col. Nathan Fitzgerald
1996	''''	Michael Ovitz	TV movie
1996	''''	Xander Drax
1997	''''	Billy Burke
1998	''Deep Rising''	John Finnegan
1998	''Escape: Human Cargo''	John McDonald	TV movie
1998	''''	Karl Thomasson	TV movie
1998	''Every Mother's Worst Fear''	Mitch Carson (uncredited)	TV movie
1999	''''	Pat Cappadora
1999	''36 Hours to Die''	Noah Stone	TV movie
1999	''''	Karl Thomasson	TV movie
1999	''Journey to the Center of the Earth''	Theodore Lytton	TV movie
2000	''Hopewell''		TV movie
2001	''Crash Point Zero''	Agent Jason Ross
2001	''''	Karl Thomasson	Video
2001		Mike Jeffers
2001	''Skeletons in the Closet''	Will	Video
2001	''Venomous''	Dr. David Henning	Video
2002	''UC: Undercover''	Teddy Collins	Episode: "Teddy C"
2002	''Gale Force''	Sam Garrett	Video
2002	''Guilty Hearts''	Stephen Carrow	TV movie
2002	''Going to California''	Officer Terrence 'Terry' Miller	Episode: "The West Texas Round-up and Other Assorted Misdemeanors"
2002	''Hollywood Ending''	Hal
2002	''''	Mr. Spencer Runcie
2002-2006	''Everwood''	Dr. Andrew 'Andy' Brown	89 episodes
2005	''Miss Congeniality 2: Armed and Fabulous''	FBI Asst. Director Walter Collins
2006		David Morton	4 episodes
2007	''''	Michael Peterson	TV movie
2007	''Moola''	Luis Gordon
2007		Dr. Nathaniel 'Nate' Grant	9 episodes
2007	''''	Father Amy
2008	''Good Behavior''	Burt Valencia	TV movie
2008	''What Happens in Vegas''	Jack Fuller Sr.
2008	''Hallmark Hall of Fame''	Norman Cohen
2009	''Chasing a Dream''	Gary Stiles	TV movie
2009		Doug	TV movie
2009	''''	Robert Terrell	TV miniseries
2010	''Boston's Finest''	Jack Holt	TV movie
2010	''Maskerade''	Mr. Tucker
2010		Mark Schorer
2010	''127 Hours''	Aron's Dad
2010	''L'estate di Martino''	Capitano Jeff Clark
2011		Jack Corbett
2011	''Oba: The Last Samurai''	Colonel Wessinger
2011	''Beyond the Blackboard''	Dr. Warren	TV movie
2011		Don Kowalski	TV series, pre-production
2012		Becker	Filming

+ Theatre
! Year	! Title	! Role	! Theatre
1972-1980		Danny Zuko
1974-1975	''Over Here!''	Utah
1978		Jerry Hyland
1981-1982	''''	The Pirate King
1982	''Some Men Need Help''	Hudley T. Singleton III	47th Street Theatre
1989-1990		Andrew Makepiece Ladd III
1989	''Bobby Gould in Hell''	Bobby Gould	Mitzi E. Newhouse Theatre
1992-1994		John	Orpheum Theatre
1999	''Captains Courageous, the Musical''	Manuel	Manhattan Theatre Club
2001	''Follies''	Buddy Plummer

References

External links

Treat Williams cast bio on The WB

Remarkably Good - TFL.org approved fanlisting for Treat Williams

Category:People of English descent Category:1951 births Category:Actors from Connecticut Category:American people of English descent Category:American film actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:Franklin & Marshall College alumni Category:Kent School alumni Category:Living people Category:People from Norwalk, Connecticut

de:Treat Williams es:Treat Williams fr:Treat Williams it:Treat Williams he:טריט ויליאמס hu:Treat Williams nl:Treat Williams ja:トリート・ウィリアムズ no:Treat Williams pl:Treat Williams pt:Treat Williams ro:Treat Williams ru:Уильямс, Трит fi:Treat Williams sv:Treat Williams

Name	Nick Nolte
Thumb
Birth name	Nicholas King Nolte
Birth date	February 8, 1941 (age 70)
Birth place	Omaha, Nebraska, US
Occupation	Actor
Yearsactive	1969–present
Spouse	Sheila Page (1966–70) Sharyn Haddad (1978–83) Rebecca Linger (1984–94)
Partner	Karen Louise Ecklund (1970–77) Vicki Lewis (1994–2003) Clytie Lane (2003–present) }}

Nicholas King "Nick" Nolte (born February 8, 1941) is an American actor, film producer, voice artist, comedian, and former model.

Early life

Nolte was born Nicholas King Nolte in Omaha, Nebraska on February 8, 1941, the son of Helen (née King), a department store buyer, and Franklin A. Nolte, a farmer's son who worked in irrigation pump sales and who was an All-American football player at Iowa State University in 1934. Nolte's father was of German descent. Nolte's maternal grandfather, Matthew Leander King, invented the hollow-tile silo and was prominent in early aviation. His maternal grandmother ran the student union at Iowa State University. He has an older sister, Nancy, who was an executive for the Red Cross.

Nolte went to Westside High School in Omaha, where he was the kicker on the football team. Nolte originally attended Benson High, but got kicked out for a fight and hiding beer before practice and then getting caught drinking it during a practice session. He later attended Pasadena City College in southern California, and Arizona State University in Tempe (on a football scholarship); Eastern Arizona College in Thatcher; and Phoenix College in Phoenix. At Eastern Arizona, Nolte lettered in football as a tight end and defensive end, in basketball as a forward, and as a catcher on the baseball team. Poor grades eventually ended his studies, at which point his career in theatre began in earnest. While in college, Nolte worked for the Falstaff Brewery in Omaha. In 1965, he was arrested for selling counterfeit documents and was given a 45-year jail sentence and a $75,000 fine, however the sentence was suspended. This felony conviction prevented him from being eligible to join the military—at the time, he felt obliged to serve in the Vietnam War. As a result, Nolte says he felt incomplete as a young man for not going to Vietnam. After stints at the Pasadena Playhouse and The Stella Adler Academy in Los Angeles, Nolte spent several years traveling the country and working in regional theaters.

Career

Modeling

Nolte was a model in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In one national magazine advertisement in 1972, he appeared in jeans and an open jean shirt for Clairol's "Summer Blonde" hair lightener sitting on a log next to a blonde Sigourney Weaver. The pair also appeared on the packaging.

Acting career

Nolte first gained national attention and critical acclaim for his performance in ''Rich Man, Poor Man'', a 1976 television miniseries based on Irwin Shaw's 1970 best-selling novel. Since then he's appeared in more than 40 films, playing a wide variety of characters. Diversity of character, and his trademark athleticism and gravelly voice, are signatures of Nolte's career. In 1973 he appeared in Lorne Greene's ABC crime drama ''Griff'' in the episode "Who Framed Billy the Kid?", in the role of Billy Randolph, a football player accused of murder. He co-starred alongside Andy Griffith in ''Winter Kill'', a TV movie made as the pilot of a possible television series, and another one, ''Adams of Eagle Lake'', but neither was picked up as a series.

Nolte's first major film role was starring opposite Jacqueline Bisset and Robert Shaw in 1977's ''The Deep''. He followed this with ''Who'll Stop the Rain'' in 1978 and ''North Dallas Forty'', based on the Peter Gent novel, in 1979. The 1982 buddy cop/convict film ''48 Hrs.'' strongly bolstered his film career and made his co-star Eddie Murphy a box-office sensation. He continued starring in films throughout the 1980s, including ''Under Fire'' (1983) with Gene Hackman, ''Down and Out in Beverly Hills'' (1986) with Richard Dreyfuss and Bette Midler, ''Extreme Prejudice'' (1987) and ''New York Stories'' (1989) under the direction of Martin Scorsese. Nick Nolte told Screen Comment’s Sam Weisberg about how he prepared for his role in ''Down and Out in Beverly Hills'', a film he which he plays a homeless man: "I was hanging out around this homeless section, it was like Whorehouse Alley, and I was sleeping there for two days before I was supposed to get a bed in a mission shelter. It doesn’t take more than seven hours or so outside to turn into a space cadet. Your mind just gets nuts. And then I couldn’t get into the shelter. I didn’t have seniority." After that experience, Nolte delved further into the part by refusing to bathe for weeks. "[Co-star] Bette Midler was disgusted," Nolte chuckled.

He began the 1990s working with Murphy again in the sequel ''Another 48 Hours''. Nolte had perhaps his greatest box office success in 1991, starring in ''The Prince of Tides'' with Barbra Streisand, for which he received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. Though he lost to Anthony Hopkins for ''The Silence of the Lambs'', he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama. That same year he starred in Martin Scorsese's remake of ''Cape Fear'' with Robert De Niro and Jessica Lange.

Nolte's solid work continued with ''Lorenzo's Oil'' (1992) opposite Susan Sarandon, ''Mulholland Falls'' (1996), and ''After Glow'' (1997) for which his co-star Julie Christie received her third Academy Award nomination. He received his second Academy Award nomination the same year for his work in ''Affliction'', but lost to Roberto Benigni for ''Life Is Beautiful''. However, Nolte's co-star, James Coburn, won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for playing the father of Nolte's character. That same year, Nolte starred in Terrence Malick's highly anticipated film ''The Thin Red Line''.

Nolte continued to work through the 2000s, taking smaller parts in ''Clean'' and ''Hotel Rwanda''; both performances received positive reviews. He also played supporting roles in the 2006 drama ''Peaceful Warrior'' and the 2008 comedy ''Tropic Thunder''.

He will star opposite Dustin Hoffman in the HBO TV series ''Luck''.

Personal life

Nolte has been married and divorced three times. His ex-wives are Sheila Page, Sharyn Haddad and Rebecca Linger, with whom he has a son named Brawley Nolte (born June 20, 1986). His son is also an actor, having been prominently featured as Mel Gibson's kidnapped son in the 1996 film ''Ransom''. Nolte was also involved with actresses Debra Winger and Vicki Lewis. On October 3, 2007, his longtime partner, Clytie Lane, gave birth to their daughter, Sophie Lane Nolte.

Nolte currently resides in Malibu, California. On October 6, 2008, a fire, which started from a computer printer, burned a section of his home. Nolte escaped unharmed, but there was reportedly $1.5 million worth of damage.

Legal troubles

In September 2002, he checked himself into Silver Hill Hospital in Connecticut for counseling after he was arrested on suspicion of drunken driving in Malibu a few days earlier. Tests later showed that he was under the influence of GHB. Nolte responded that he has "been taking it for four years and I've never been raped." On December 12, 2002 he pleaded no contest to charges of driving under the influence. He was given three years probation, with orders to undergo alcohol and drug counseling with random testing required.

Awards

1991 – Los Angeles Film Critics Association: Best Actor, ''The Prince of Tides''

1991 – Golden Globe: Best Actor in a Motion Picture (Drama), ''The Prince of Tides''

1992 – Chosen as People Magazine's Sexiest Man Alive

1998 – New York Film Critics Circle – Best Actor, ''Affliction''

1998 – National Society of Film Critics – Best Actor, ''Affliction''

Filmography

! Year	! Film	! Role	! Other notes
1973	''Electra Glide in Blue''	Hippie Kid
1974	''Death Sentence''	J. Healey
1974	''The California Kid''	Buzz Stafford
1975	''Return to Macon County''	Bo Hollinger
	''Northville Cemetery Massacre''	Chris
	Tom Jordache	(mini-series) (1976)Nominated – Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a MovieNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Drama
1977		David Sanders
1978	''Who'll Stop the Rain''	Ray Hicks
1979		Phillip Elliott
1980		Neal Cassady
		Doc
''48 Hrs.''	Jack Cates
1983		Russell Price
1984		Alex Jurel
1985	''Grace Quigley''	Seymour Flint
1986	''Down and Out in Beverly Hills''	Jerry Baskin
		Jack Benteen
	Lee Umstetter	Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
1988	''Grace Quigley 2, Gracie''	Seymour Flint	(unfinished)
	''Three Fugitives''	Lucas
''New York Stories''	Lionel Dobie
''Farewell to the King''	Learoyd
	''Everybody Wins''	Tom O'Toole
	Captain Michael Brennan
''Another 48 Hrs.''	Jack Cates
		Sam Bowden
''The Prince of Tides''	Tom Wingo	Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best ActorGolden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture DramaLos Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNominated – Academy Award for Best ActorNominated – Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor
''The Player''	(cameo)
	Augusto Odone
	''I'll Do Anything''	Matt Hobbs
''Blue Chips''	Pete Bell
	Peter Brackett
1995	''Jefferson in Paris''	Thomas Jefferson
	''Mulholland Falls''	Max Hoover
	Howard Campbell
		Wade Whitehouse
	Inspector Thomas Cray
	Jake McKenna
		Lt. Col. Gordon Tall	Nominated – Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor
''Hayes Hours''
		Harry Le Sabre
	Vincent Webb
		Adam Verver
	Senator Drumond Avery
2002		Bob Montagnet
		David Banner/Father
''Northfork''	Father Harlan
		Albrecht Hauser	Nominated – Chlotrudis Award for Best Supporting Actor
''Hotel Rwanda''	Colonel Oliver	Nominated – Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
''The Beautiful Country''	Steve
2005	''Neverwas''	T.L. Pierson
		(voice) Vincent
''Off the Black''	Ray Cook
''Paris, je t'aime''	Vincent (segment "Parc Monceau")
''Quelques jours en septembre''	Elliott
''Peaceful Warrior''	Socrates
2007	''Intimate Affairs''	Faldo	Bee Movie
		Joe Bechstein
	Mulgarath
''Tropic Thunder''	John "Four Leaf" Tayback
2009	''Arcadia Lost''	Benerji
	''My Own Love Song''	Caldwell
''Cats & Dogs: The Revenge of Kitty Galore''	Butch	Voice onlyReplacing Alec Baldwin
		Burt Johnson
	Bernie the Gorilla	voice only
	Paddy Conlon

References

External links

a candid interview with Nick Nolte in Stumped? Magazine

''To the brink and back'' – ''The Guardian'', March 1, 2003.

Spiderwick Chronicles Interview.

Category:American stand-up comedians Category:American actors Category:American film producers Category:American voice actors Category:American comedians Category:American people of German descent Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:Arizona State University alumni Category:Eastern Arizona College alumni Category:Junior college men's basketball players in the United States Category:Best Drama Actor Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Actors from Omaha, Nebraska Category:Pasadena City College alumni Category:1941 births Category:Living people Category:American models of German descent

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name	Tennessee Williams
birth name	Thomas Lanier Williams
birth date	March 26, 1911
birth place	Columbus, Mississippi, United States
death date	February 25, 1983
death place	New York City, New York, United States
language	English
nationality	American
period	1930–1983
signature	Tennessee Williams signature.svg
portaldisp	}}

Thomas Lanier "Tennessee" Williams III (March 26, 1911 – February 25, 1983) was an American writer who worked principally as a playwright in the American theater. He also wrote short stories, novels, poetry, essays, screenplays and a volume of memoirs. His professional career lasted from the mid 1930s until his death in 1983, and saw the creation of many plays that are regarded as classics of the American stage. Williams adapted much of his best known work for the cinema.

Williams received virtually all of the top theatrical awards for his works of drama, including a Tony Award for best play for ''The Rose Tattoo'' (1951) and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama for ''A Streetcar Named Desire'' (1948) and ''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'' (1955). In 1980 he was honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Jimmy Carter and is today acknowledged as one of the most accomplished playwrights in the history of English speaking theater.

Theater scholar Charlotte Canning, of the University of Texas at Austin where William's archives are located, has said, "There is no more influential 20th-century American playwright than Tennessee Williams... He inspired future generations of writers as diverse as Suzan-Lori Parks, Tony Kushner, David Mamet and John Waters, and his plays remain among the most produced in the world."

Biography

Early years

Childhood

Thomas Lanier Williams III was born of Welsh and Huguenot descent, in Columbus, Mississippi, the second child of Edwina and Cornelius Williams. His grandfather, Walter Dakin, was the local Episcopal priest, and his maternal grandmother, Rose O. Dakin, was a music teacher. His father was a hard-drinking traveling shoe salesman who spent most of his time away from home. His mother, Edwina, was an archetype of the ‘Southern belle’, whose social aspirations tilted toward snobbery and whose behavior could be neurotic and hysterical. Shortly after his birth, his grandfather Dakin was assigned to a parish in Clarksdale, Mississippi and Williams' early childhood was spent in the parsonage there.

His family included an older sister Rose (1909–1996), and a younger brother, Dakin (1919–2008). ‘Tom’, as he was called in his youth, developed a close bond with his sister. Theater scholar Allean Hale notes that, born only sixteen months apart, they were “as inseparable as twins, sometimes referred to as ‘''The Couple''’.” Rose and their black nursemaid, Ozzie, were Williams' only companions as a child. Hale speculates that growing up in a female-dominated environment gave Williams empathy for the woman characters he created as a playwright. Shy, fragile and predisposed to emotional disturbances, eventually to the point of mental illness, Rose inspired a host of characters in his fiction.

As a small child Williams suffered a bout of diphtheria which nearly ended his life and left him weak and virtually confined to his house during a period of recuperation that lasted a year. At least in part as a result of his illness, he was less robust as a child than his father would have wished. Cornelius Williams was a descendant of east Tennessee pioneer stock (hence Williams’ professional name) and a man prone to use his fists. He disdained his son’s effeminacy and his mother Edwina, locked in an unhappy marriage, focused her overbearing attention almost entirely on Tom. Williams would find inspiration in his dysfunctional family for much of his writing.

Education

When Williams was seven years old, his father was promoted to a job at the home office of the International Shoe Company in St. Louis. His mother's continual search for what she considered to be an appropriate address, as well as his father's heavy drinking and loudly violent behavior, caused them to move numerous times around the city. He attended Soldan High School, a setting referred to in his work ''The Glass Menagerie''. Later he studied at University City High School. At age 16, Williams won third prize (five dollars) for an essay published in ''Smart Set'' entitled, "Can a Good Wife Be a Good Sport?" A year later, his short story "The Vengeance of Nitocris" was published in the magazine ''Weird Tales''.

From 1929 to 1931, he attended the University of Missouri, in Columbia, where he enrolled in journalism classes. While the university's School of Journalism was regarded one of the world's best, Williams found his classes boring. He was soon entering his poetry, essays, stories, and plays in writing contests, hoping to earn extra income. His first submitted play was ''Beauty is the Word'' (1930), followed by ''Hot Milk at Three in the Morning'' (1932). As recognition for ''Beauty,'' a play about rebellion against religious upbringing, he became the first freshman to receive honorable mention in a contest.

At MU Williams joined the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity, but he does not seem to have fit in well with his fraternity brothers. According to Hale, the "brothers found him shy and socially backward, a loner who spent most of his time at the typewriter." After he failed military training in his junior year, his father pulled him out of school and put him to work at the International Shoe factory . Although Williams, then 21, hated the monotony of the blue-collar world, the job "forced him out of the pretentious gentility" of his upbringing, which had, according to Hale, "tinged him with [his mother's] snobbery and detachment from reality." His dislike of the nine-to-five work routine drove him to write even more than before, and he gave himself a goal of writing one story a week, working on Saturday and Sunday, into the night. His mother recalled his intensity: :"Tom would go to his room with black coffee and cigarettes and I would hear the typewriter clicking away at night in the silent house. Some mornings when I walked in to wake him for work, I would find him sprawled fully dressed across the bed, too tired to remove his clothes."

Overworked, unhappy and lacking any further success with his writing, by his twenty-fourth birthday he had suffered a nervous breakdown and left his job. Memories of this period, and a particular factory co-worker, became part of the character Stanley Kowalski in ''A Streetcar Named Desire''. By the mid-1930s his father's increasing alcoholism and abusive temper (he had part of his ear bitten off in a poker game fight) finally led Edwina to separate from him although they never divorced.

In 1936 Williams enrolled at Washington University in St. Louis where he wrote the play ''Me Vashya'' (1937). In 1938 he earned a degree from the University of Iowa, where he wrote ''Spring Storm.'' He later studied at the Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York City. Speaking of his early days as a playwright and referring to an early collaborative play called ''Cairo, Shanghai, Bombay!'', produced while he was a part of an amateur summer theater group in Memphis, Tennessee, Williams wrote, "The laughter ... enchanted me. Then and there the theatre and I found each other for better and for worse. I know it's the only thing that saved my life." Around 1939, he adopted "Tennessee Williams" as his professional name. Whether it was from, as he once wrote, "a desire to climb the family tree," or that his fraternity brothers nicknamed him for his thick southern drawl, no one seems to know.

Early influences

Williams' writings include mention of some of the poets and writers he most admired in his early years: Hart Crane, Anton Chekhov, D.H. Lawrence, August Strindberg, William Faulkner, Thomas Wolfe, Emily Dickinson. In later years the list grew to include William Inge, James Joyce, and Ernest Hemingway; of the latter, he said "[his] great quality, aside from his prose style, is this fearless expression of brute nature."

Career

In the late 1930s, as the young playwright struggled to have his work accepted, he supported himself with a string of menial jobs (including a notably disastrous stint as caretaker on a chicken ranch outside Los Angeles). In 1939, with the help of his agent, Audrey Wood, he was awarded a $1,000 grant from the Rockefeller Foundation in recognition of his play ''Battle of Angels'' which was produced in Boston in 1940, but poorly received.

Using the remainder of the Rockefeller funds, Williams moved to New Orleans in 1939 to write for the Works Progress Administration (WPA), a federally funded program begun by President Franklin D. Roosevelt which was created to put people back to work and helped many artists, musicians and writers survive during the Great Depression. He lived for a time in the French Quarter; first at 722 Toulouse Street, the setting of his 1977 play ''Vieux Carré''. (The building is now part of The Historic New Orleans Collection).

During the winter of 1944-45, his "memory play" ''The Glass Menagerie'' was successfully produced in Chicago garnering good reviews. It moved to New York where it became an instant and enormous hit during its long Broadway run. The play tells the story of a young man, Tom, his disabled sister, Laura, and their controlling mother Amanda, who tries to make a match between Laura and a gentleman caller. Williams' use of his own familial relationships as inspiration for the play is impossible to miss. Elia Kazan (who directed many of Williams' greatest successes) said of Williams: "Everything in his life is in his plays, and everything in his plays is in his life." ''The Glass Menagerie'' won the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award for best play of the season.

The huge success of his next play, ''A Streetcar Named Desire'', in 1947 secured his reputation as a great playwright. Although widely celebrated and increasingly wealthy, he was still restless and insecure in the grip of fears that he would not be able to duplicate his success. During the late 1940s and 1950s Williams began to travel widely with his partner Frank Merlo, often spending summers in Europe. To stimulate his writing he moved often, to various cities including New York, New Orleans, Key West, Rome, Barcelona, and London. Williams wrote, "Only some radical change can divert the downward course of my spirit, some startling new place or people to arrest the drift, the drag."

Between 1948 and 1959 seven of his plays were performed on Broadway: ''Summer and Smoke'' (1948), ''The Rose Tattoo'' (1951), ''Camino Real'' (1953), ''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'' (1955), ''Orpheus Descending'' (1957), ''Garden District'' (1958), and ''Sweet Bird of Youth'' (1959). By 1959 he had earned two Pulitzer Prizes, three New York Drama Critics' Circle Awards, three Donaldson Awards, and a Tony Award.

His work reached world-wide audiences in the early 1950s when ''The Glass Menagerie'' and ''A Streetcar Named Desire'' were made into motion pictures. Later plays also adapted for the screen included ''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'', ''The Rose Tattoo'', ''Orpheus Descending'', ''The Night of the Iguana'' and ''Summer and Smoke.''

After the extraordinary successes of the 1940s and 50s, the 1960s and 70s brought personal turmoil and theatrical failures. Although he continued to write every day, the quality of his work suffered from his increasing alcohol and drug consumption as well as often poor choices of collaborators. Consumed by depression over the death of his partner Merlo, and in and out of treatment facilities under the control of his mother and brother Dakin, Williams spiraled downward. ''Kingdom of Earth'' (1967), ''In the Bar of a Tokyo Hotel'' (1969), ''Small Craft Warnings'' (1973), ''The Two Character Play'' (also called Out Cry, 1973), ''The Red Devil Battery Sign'' (1976), ''Vieux Carré'' (1978), ''Clothes for a Summer Hotel'' (1980) and others were all box office failures, and the relentlessly negative press notices wore down his spirit. His last play, ''A House Not Meant To Stand'' was produced in Chicago in 1982 and, despite largely positive reviews, ran for only 40 performances.

Personal life

Williams remained close to his sister Rose, who was diagnosed with schizophrenia as a young adult and later institutionalized following a lobotomy, visiting her at the facilities where she spent most of her adult life and paying for her care. The devastating effects of Rose's illness may have contributed to his alcoholism and his dependence on various combinations of amphetamines and barbiturates.

After some early attempts at heterosexual relationships, by the late 1930s Williams had accepted his homosexuality. In New York he joined a gay social circle which included fellow writer and close friend Donald Windham (1920–2010) and his then partner Fred Melton. In the summer of 1940 Williams initiated an affair with Kip Kiernan (1918–1944), a young Canadian dancer he met in Provincetown, Massachusetts. When Kiernan left him for a woman and marriage he was distraught, and Kiernan's death four years later at 26 delivered another blow.

On a 1945 visit to Taos, New Mexico, Williams met Pancho Rodriguez y Gonzales, a hotel clerk of Mexican heritage. Rodriguez was, by all accounts, loving and loyal but also prone to jealous rages and excessive drink, so the relationship was a tempestuous one. Nevertheless, in February 1946 Rodriguez left New Mexico to join Williams in his New Orleans apartment and they lived and traveled together until late 1947 when Williams ended the affair. Rodriguez and Williams remained friends, however, and were in contact as late as the 1970s.

Williams spent the spring and summer of 1948 in Rome in the company of a teenaged Italian boy to whom he provided financial assistance for several years afterward (a situation which planted the seed of Williams' first novel ''The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone''). When he returned to New York that fall, he met and fell in love with Frank Phillip Merlo (1922–1963), an occasional actor of Sicilian heritage who had served in the U.S. Navy in World War II. This one enduring romantic relationship of Williams' life lasted 14 years until infidelities and drug abuse on both sides ended it. Merlo, who became Williams' personal secretary taking on most of the details of their domestic life, provided a period of happiness and stability as well as a balance to the playwright's frequent bouts with depression and the fear that, like his sister Rose, he would fall into insanity. Their years together, in an apartment in Manhattan and a modest house in Key West, Florida, were Williams' happiest and most productive. Shortly after their breakup, Merlo was diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer and Williams returned to take care of him until his death on September 21, 1963.

As he had feared, in the years following Merlo's death Williams was plunged into a period of nearly catatonic depression and increasing drug use resulting in several hospitalizations and commitments to mental health facilities. He submitted to injections by Dr. Max Jacobson – known popularly as Dr. Feelgood – who used increasing amounts of amphetamines to overcome his depression and combined these with prescriptions for the sedative seconal to relieve his insomnia. Williams appeared several times in interviews in a nearly incoherent state, and his reputation both as a playwright and as a public personality suffered. He was never truly able to recoup his earlier success, or to entirely overcome his dependence on prescription drugs.

Death

On February 25, 1983, Williams was found dead in his suite at the Elysee Hotel in New York at age 71. The medical examiner's report indicated that he choked to death on the cap from a bottle of eyedrops he frequently used, further indicating that his use of drugs and alcohol may have contributed to his death by suppressing his gag reflex. Prescription drugs, including barbiturates, were found in the room. Williams' body was found by director John Uecker who was identified as his secretary and who travelled with Williams, and was staying in a separate room in Williams' suite.

Contrary to his expressed wishes but at his brother Dakin Williams' insistence, Williams was interred in the Calvary Cemetery, St. Louis, Missouri. Williams had long told his friends he wanted to be buried at sea at approximately the same place as Hart Crane, a poet he considered to be one of his most significant influences.

Williams left his literary rights to The University of the South in honor of his grandfather, Walter Dakin, an alumnus of the university, which is located in Sewanee, Tennessee. The funds support a creative writing program. When his sister Rose died in 1996 after many years in a mental institution, she bequeathed $7 million from her part of the Williams estate to The University of the South as well.

Posthumous recognition

From February 1 to July 21, 2011, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of his birth, the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin, the home of Williams' archive, will exhibit 250 of his personal items. The exhibit, entitled "Becoming Tennessee Williams," will include a collection of Williams manuscripts, correspondence, photographs and artwork.

In late 2009, Williams was inducted into the Poet's Corner at the Cathedral Church of Saint John the Divine. Performers who took part in his induction included Vanessa Redgrave, John Guare, Eli Wallach, Sylvia Miles, Gregory Mosher, and Ben Griessmeyer.

The Tennessee Williams Theater in Key West, Florida is named for him.

At the time of his death, Williams had been working on a final play, ''In Masks Outrageous and Austere'', which attempted to reconcile certain forces and facts of his own life, a theme which ran throughout his work, as Elia Kazan had said. As of September 2007, author Gore Vidal was in the process of completing the play, and Peter Bogdanovich was slated to direct its Broadway debut.

The Williams family home in Columbus, Mississippi was recently renovated and reopened.

Williams's literary legacy is represented by the literary agency headed by Georges Borchardt.

Bibliography

Characters in his plays are often seen as representations of his family members. Laura Wingfield in ''The Glass Menagerie'' was understood to be modeled on Rose. Some biographers believed that the character of Blanche DuBois in ''A Streetcar Named Desire'' is also based on her.

Amanda Wingfield in ''The Glass Menagerie'' was generally seen to represent Williams' mother, Edwina. Characters such as Tom Wingfield in ''The Glass Menagerie'' and Sebastian in ''Suddenly, Last Summer'' were understood to represent Williams himself. In addition, he used a lobotomy operation as a motif in ''Suddenly, Last Summer''.

The Pulitzer Prize for Drama was awarded to ''A Streetcar Named Desire'' in 1948 and to ''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'' in 1955. These two plays were later filmed, with great success, by noted directors Elia Kazan (''Streetcar'') with whom Williams developed a very close artistic relationship, and Richard Brooks (''Cat''). Both plays included references to elements of Williams' life such as homosexuality, mental instability, and alcoholism. Although ''The Flowering Peach'' by Clifford Odets was the preferred choice of the Pulitzer Prize jury in 1955 and ''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'' was at first considered the weakest of the five shortlisted nominees, Joseph Pulitzer Jr., chairman of the Board, had seen ''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'' and thought it worthy of the drama prize. The Board went along with him after considerable discussion.

Williams wrote ''The Parade, or Approaching the End of a Summer'' when he was 29 and worked on it sporadically throughout his life. A semi-autobiographical depiction of his 1940 romance with Kip Kiernan in Provincetown, Massachusetts, it was produced for the first time on October 1, 2006 in Provincetown by the Shakespeare on the Cape production company, as part of the First Annual Provincetown Tennessee Williams Festival.

Other works by Williams include ''Camino Real'' and ''Sweet Bird of Youth''.

His last play went through many drafts as he was trying to reconcile what would be the end of his life. There are many versions of it, but it is referred to as ''In Masks Outrageous and Austere''.

Plays

Apprentice plays

''Candles to the Sun'' (1936)

''Spring Storm'' (1937)

''Me Vaysha'' (1937)''''

''Fugitive Kind'' (1937)

''Not About Nightingales'' (1938)

''I Rise in Flame, Cried the Phoenix'' (1941)

''Orpheus Descending'' (1945)

''You Touched Me'' (1945)

''Stairs to the Roof'' (1947)

Major plays

''The Glass Menagerie'' (1944)

''A Streetcar Named Desire'' (1947)

''Summer and Smoke'' (1948)

''The Rose Tattoo'' (1951)

''Camino Real'' (1953)

''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'' (1955)

''Orpheus Descending'' (1957)

''Suddenly, Last Summer'' (1958)

''Sweet Bird of Youth'' (1959)

''Period of Adjustment'' (1960)

''The Night of the Iguana'' (1961)

''The Eccentricities of a Nightingale'' (1962, rewriting of ''Summer and Smoke'')

''The Milk Train Doesn't Stop Here Anymore'' (1963)

''The Mutilated'' (1965)

''The Seven Descents of Myrtle'' (1968, aka ''Kingdom of Earth'')

''In the Bar of a Tokyo Hotel'' (1969)

''Will Mr. Merriweather Return from Memphis?'' (1969)

''Small Craft Warnings'' (1972)

''The Two-Character Play'' (1973)

''Out Cry'' (1973, rewriting of ''The Two-Character Play'')

''The Red Devil Battery Sign'' (1975)

''This Is (An Entertainment)'' (1976)

''Vieux Carré'' (1977)

''A Lovely Sunday for Creve Coeur'' (1979)

''Clothes for a Summer Hotel'' (1980)

''The Notebook of Trigorin'' (1980)

''Something Cloudy, Something Clear'' (1981)

''A House Not Meant to Stand'' (1982)

''In Masks Outrageous and Austere'' (1983)

Novels

''The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone'' (1950, adapted into a film in 1961)

''Moise and the World of Reason'' (1975)

Screenplays and teleplays

''The Glass Menagerie'' (1950)

''A Streetcar Named Desire'' (1951)

''The Rose Tattoo'' (1955)

''Baby Doll'' (1956)

''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'' (1958)

''Suddenly, Last Summer'' (1959)

''The Fugitive Kind'' (1959)

''Ten Blocks on the Camino Real'' (1966)

''Boom!'' (1968)

''The Loss of a Teardrop Diamond'' (2009; screenplay from 1957)

Short stories

''The Vengeance of Nitocris'' (1928)

''The Field of Blue Children'' (1939)

''The Resemblance Between a Violin Case and a Coffin'' (1951)

''Hard Candy: A Book of Stories'' (1954)

''Three Players of a Summer Game and Other Stories'' (1960)

''The Knightly Quest: a Novella and Four Short Stories'' (1966)

''One Arm and Other Stories'' (1967)

*One Arm

*The Malediction

*The Poet

*Chronicle of a Demise

*Desire and the Black Masseur

*Portrait of a Girl in Glass

*The Important Thing

*The Angel in the Alcove

*The Field of Blue Children

*The Night of the Iguana

*The Yellow Bird

''Eight Mortal Ladies Possessed: a Book of Stories'' (1974)

''Tent Worms'' (1980)

''It Happened the day the Sun Rose, and Other Stories'' (1981)

One-act plays

Tennessee Williams wrote over 70 one-act plays during his lifetime. The one-acts explored many of the same themes that dominated his longer works. Williams' major collections are published by New Directions in New York City.

''American Blues'' (1948)

''Mister Paradise and Other One-Act Plays''

''Dragon Country: a book of one-act plays'' (1970)

The Traveling Companion and Other Plays

''27 Wagons Full of Cotton and Other Plays'' (1946 and 1953)

*«Something wild...» (introduction) (1953)

*27 Wagons Full of Cotton (1946 and 1953)

*The Purification (1946 and 1953)

*The Lady of Larkspur Lotion (1946 and 1953)

*The Last of My Solid Gold Watches (1946 and 1953)

*Portrait of a Madonna (1946 and 1953)

*Auto-da-Fé (1946 and 1953)

*Lord Byron's Love Letter (1946 and 1953)

*The Strangest Kind of Romance (1946 and 1953)

*The Long Goodbye (1946 and 1953)

*At Liberty (1946)

*Moony's Kid Don't Cry (1946)

*Hello from Bertha (1946 and 1953)

*This Property Is Condemned (1946 and 1953)

*Talk to Me Like the Rain and Let Me Listen... (1953)

*Something Unspoken (1953)

The Theatre of Tennessee Williams, Volume VI

The Theatre of Tennessee Williams, Volume VII

Poetry

In the Winter of Cities (1956)

Androgyne, Mon Amour (1977)

Selected works

Gussow, Mel and Holditch, Kenneth, eds. ''Tennessee Williams, Plays 1937-1955'' (Library of America, 2000) ISBN 978-1-883011-86-4.

*Spring Storm

*Not About Nightingales

*Battle of Angels

*I Rise in Flame, Cried the Phoenix

*from 27 Wagons Full of Cotton (1946)

**27 Wagons Full of Cotton

**The Lady of Larkspur Lotion

** The Last of My Solid Gold Watches

** Portrait of a Madonna

** Auto-da-Fé

** Lord Byron's Love Letter

** This Property Is Condemned

*The Glass Menagerie

*A Streetcar Named Desire

*Summer and Smoke

*The Rose Tattoo

*Camino Real

*from 27 Wagons Full of Cotton (1953)

**"Something Wild"

**Talk to Me Like the Rain and Let Me Listen

**Something Unspoken

*Cat on a Hot Tin Roof

Gussow, Mel and Holditch, Kenneth, eds. ''Tennessee Williams, Plays 1957-1980'' (Library of America, 2000) ISBN 978-1-883011-87-1.

*Orpheus Descending

*Suddenly Last Summer

*Sweet Bird of Youth

*Period of Adjustment

*The Night of the Iguana

*The Eccentricities of a Nightingale

*The Milk Train Doesn't Stop Here Anymore

*The Mutilated

*Kingdom of Earth (The Seven Descents of Myrtle)

*Small Craft Warnings

*Out Cry

*Vieux Carré

*A Lovely Sunday for Creve Coeur

Related works

A book is coming out soon by a former assistant, Scott. John Uecker has also directed Williams' plays in addition to creating an edit of ''In Masks Outrageous and Austere''.

See also

Lanier family tree

Virginia Spencer Carr, friend and biographer of Williams

Tennessee Williams/ New Orleans Literary Festival

Footnotes

References

Gross, Robert F., ed. ''Tennessee Williams: A Casebook.'' Routledge (2002). ISBN 0-8153-3174-6.

Leverich, Lyle. ''Tom: The Unknown Tennessee Williams''. W. W. Norton & Company; Reprint edition (1997). ISBN 0-393-31663-7.

Saddik, Annette. ''The Politics of Reputation: The Critical Reception of Tennessee Williams' Later Plays'' (London: Associated University Presses, 1999).

Spoto, Donald. ''The Kindness of Strangers: The Life of Tennessee Williams''. Da Capo Press (Reprint, 1997). ISBN 0-306-80805-6.

Williams, Tennessee. ''Memoirs''. Doubleday (1975). ISBN 0-385-00573-3.

Williams, Dakin. ''His Brother's Keeper: The Life and Murder of Tennessee Williams''.

Sewanee, The University of the South

Jacobus, Lee. "The Bedford Introduction to Drama". (Boston: Bedford, 2009)

External links

The Paris Review Interview

Tennessee Williams at 100: Tribute - slideshow by ''Life magazine''

New Directions Publishing Corporation

Dramatists Play Service, Inc.

Monologues by Tennessee Williams at Monologue Search

A Streetcar Named Desire: Study Guide

Portrait of Tennessee Williams by Margaret Holland Sargent

Booksfactory article.

A photograph of Tennessee Williams by Yousuf Karsh on the website of the National Gallery of Australia.

Williams' Entry on the St. Louis Walk of Fame

Tennessee Williams/New Orleans Literary Festival

Tennessee Williams biography

Berkeley Repertory Theatre: ''Suddenly Last Summer''

Interpreting Tennessee Williams - ''Working in the Theatre Seminar'' video at American Theatre Wing.org, April 2005

''American Experience'' on PBS. Tennessee Williams is featured in this documentary about New Orleans first aired February 12, 2007.

Tennessee Williams Annual Review Journal published both electronically and in print by The Historic New Orleans Collection

''Tennessee and The Roman Muse: Tennessee Williams, his Time in Rome and his Friendship with Anna Magnani''

FamilySearch: Samuel Taylor Geer's Pedigree Resource File - Thomas Lanier "Tennessee" Williams

Tennessee Williams Collection (MUM00482) owned by the University of Mississippi Department of Archives and Special Collections.

Tennessee Williams' Collection at the Harry Ransom Center at The University of Texas at Austin

A celebration of Tenessee Williams

1980 Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom

Tennessee Williams audio resources at TheEnglishCollection.com

Category:1911 births Category:1983 deaths Category:American dramatists and playwrights Category:American novelists Category:American screenwriters Category:American short story writers Category:Pulitzer Prize for Drama winners Willliams, Tennessee Category:Kennedy Center honorees Category:Accidental deaths in New York Category:American people of English descent Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism Category:American Roman Catholics Category:LGBT Christians Category:Drug-related deaths in New York Category:Gay writers Category:Writers from Louisiana Category:Writers from Mississippi Category:Writers from Missouri Category:People from Clarksdale, Mississippi Category:People from Columbus, Mississippi Category:People from New Orleans, Louisiana Category:People from St. Louis, Missouri Category:Sewanee: The University of the South Category:University of Iowa alumni Category:University of Missouri alumni Category:Washington University in St. Louis alumni Category:People from Provincetown, Massachusetts Tennessee Williams

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birth name	William George Zane, Jr.
birth place	Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
other names	Bill Zane
occupation	Actor, producer, director
years active	1985–present
spouse
website	}}

William George "Billy" Zane, Jr. (born February 24, 1965) is an American actor, producer and director. He is probably best known for his roles as Caledon Hockley in ''Titanic'', The Phantom from ''The Phantom'', John Wheeler in ''Twin Peaks'' and Mr. E in ''CQ''.

Early life

Zane was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Thalia and William George Zane, Sr., both of whom were amateur actors and founders of a school for medical technicians. Both of his parents are of Greek descent, and his family's original surname, "Zanikopolous" (Greek: Ζανικόπουλος), was anglicized to "Zane" by his parents. He has an older sister, Lisa Zane, who is an actress.

After completing a year abroad at the independent American School in Switzerland, Zane graduated from the progressive, private Francis W. Parker School and attended Harand Camp of the Theater Arts, located in Wisconsin.

Career

1980s

Zane's first two screen roles were in the science fiction fllms ''Back to the Future'' in 1985 and ''Critters'' in 1986. Zane also appeared in an episode of ''Matlock'' entitled "The Nurse". In 1989 he reprised his henchman role in ''Back to the Future II''. Earlier that same year, Zane gained international recognition with the role of villain Hughie Warriner in the thriller ''Dead Calm'', alongside Nicole Kidman and Sam Neill. He also starred in the NBC film, ''The Case of the Hillside Stranglers'' (1989).

1990s

Zane's first starring role was in a 1990 independent film, the low budget science fiction thriller ''Megaville''. In 1990, he also co-starred in the film ''Memphis Belle'', a film version of a 1944 documentary about a World War II bomber plane, as the bombardier. Zane also forayed into television work, and in 1991 he appeared as John Justice Wheeler in several episodes of David Lynch's hit TV-show ''Twin Peaks''. In 1993, he played the Shakespearean actor "Mr. Fabian" in ''Tombstone'', and took a starring role in ''Sniper''. He also starred in a couple of ''Tales from the Crypt'' productions, including ''Tales From the Crypt Presents: Demon Knight'', where he plays a henchman of Satan called The Collector, and the episode "Well-Cooked Hams", where he plays a poorly skilled magician who kills to steal good tricks from other magicians.

In 1996, Zane played the eponymous classic comic book hero in the big budget action film ''The Phantom'', based on Lee Falk's comic. ''The Phantom'' being his favorite comic, Zane pumped iron for over a year and a half to fill the character's tight spandex costume properly, and studied samples of the comic carefully in his attempt to copy the character's body language.

Although ''The Phantom'' was not a box office success, Zane achieved success shortly after by playing the millionaire misanthrope Caledon Hockley in James Cameron's 1997 blockbuster ''Titanic'', which to this date remains his best known characterization. This role as Kate Winslet's fiancé earned him an MTV Movie Award nomination for "Best Villain" and a Blockbuster Entertainment Award. He was also nominated for a SAG award.

In 1998, Zane starred in and produced ''I Woke Up Early the Day I Died'', a silent film based on Ed Wood's last script, intended as a parody on bad filmmaking. He won several awards at the B-Movie Film Festival, including Best Movie and Best Actor, for this work. The year after, he starred opposite Timothy Dalton, Bruce Payne, Sean Pertwee and Leonor Varela (who became his fiance after shooting ended) in a TV-movie about Cleopatra. Zane played the part of Mark Antony.

He appeared in Marilyn Manson's music video for his single "The Dope Show".

2000s

Zane was instrumental in getting the critically acclaimed film ''The Believer'' made, which won the Grand Jury Prize at Sundance in 2001. In it, he portrayed neo-Nazi Curtis Zampf, and starred opposite Ryan Gosling. The same year, he also had a cameo as himself in the popular comedy ''Zoolander''.

Zane keeps busy in other parts of the entertainment industry as well. He is a singer and can occasionally be seen in various Broadway shows, like ''Chicago'', where he played lawyer Billy Flynn.

He voiced John Rolfe in ''Pocahontas 2'', and Etrigan the Demon in an episode of ''The New Batman Adventures''. Zane also had a recurring role in the television series ''Charmed'' in which he played poetry loving ex-demon Drake. Another rather notable role was that of voicing the villainous Xehanort's Heartless, "Ansem" in the Square Enix-Disney video game ''Kingdom Hearts''. Archive sound of his recordings were later used for the sequel, ''Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories'', but he would be replaced by Richard Epcar in all subsequent releases in the series.

Zane appeared in the 2006 Turkish film, ''Valley of the Wolves Iraq'', (''Kurtlar Vadisi: Irak'' in Turkish), part of the Kurtlar Vadisi franchise. The film tells the story of the U.S. Army run amok in Iraq, eventually brought into check by a brave Turkish hero. Zane plays Sam William Marshall, a cruel U.S. soldier who is the main antagonist in the film. The movie is the most expensive Turkish film ever made and obtained one of the highest box office returns in the history of the Turkish cinema. Zane's participation in the film, which some consider to be an anti-American propaganda film, and whose representation of fictional American atrocities many Turks believe to be true, has drawn criticism.

Zane made his directing debut with ''Big Kiss'', a light-hearted romantic comedy about two journalists, who follow Billy Zane's advice, involved in a diamond caper in which he also starred. Although released in Sweden in 2004, the date of a wider distribution remains uncertain. In January 2006, he made his debut on the London stage in Arthur Allan Seidelman's production of ''Six Dance Lessons in Six Weeks'' by Richard Alfieri, a two-hander in which he co-starred with Claire Bloom.

Zane has lined up several projects, including horror-comedy ''The Mad'', ; ''4Chosen'' (together with Laurence Fishburne); ''Alien Agent''; ''Don Juan''; and his second directorial effort, ''Uptown'', about a man who starts a theater company for the mentally ill. ''Memory'', a psychological thriller where Zane stars opposite Ann-Margret and Dennis Hopper, was released in 2007. Zane is also set to star in a biopic on singer Mario Lanza, and opposite his fiancee Kelly Brook in family-comedy ''Fishtales''. In 2007, he signed on to star in World War II drama ''The Hessen Affair'', to be directed by Paul Breuls.

He took over Timothy Olyphant's role as Christina Applegate's ex-boyfriend on ''Samantha Who?''; Olyphant had to depart because of scheduling conflicts with his role in ''Damages''. The show, however, was not renewed for the 2009-2010 season.

It has been reported that Bollywood actress Bipasha Basu is to star in her first Hollywood film and that Zane will be her leading man.

It has been also reported that Billy Zane is attached to an unknown Christopher Nolan film.

Personal life

Zane married actress Lisa Collins in 1989. The couple divorced in 1995. He was also engaged for a time to Chilean actress Leonor Varela, his costar in the 1999 television film ''Cleopatra''. Zane was engaged to marry British model turned actress Kelly Brook, whom he met when starring with her in the movie ''Survival Island'', also known as ''Three''. They split in April 2008, got back together again shortly thereafter, then ended the relationship in August 2008. He has been dating Croatian model Jasmina Hdagha since July 2009. Their daughter Eva was born in early 2011.

Zane's leisure interests include riding, painting, swimming, photography, frisbees, taking nature walks, cycling, and collecting cars. He has named Sean Connery, Gene Kelly, Buster Keaton and Charlie Chaplin as his movie heroes.

In 1999, Zane participated in the first Gumball 3000 rally, driving a 1964 Aston Martin DB5. He was featured in the music video of Staind's "Epiphany". Zane executive-produced a CD by bluesman Tim O'Connor that includes three songs from ''Dead Calm'', in which Zane had one of the lead roles.

On March 23, 2010, the IRS filed a $116,578 lien against Zane with the Los Angeles County Recorder of Deeds. He has not publicly commented on his tax situation.

In November 2010, he was awarded an honorary degree honoris causa from Lium University Bellinzona, Switzerland, for his contribution to cinematography. He is the chairman of the Francesco Fucilla Film production company 21st Century Filmworks.

Filmography

As actor

Film

''Back to the Future'' (1985) .... Match

''Critters'' (1986) .... Steve Elliot

''Going Overboard'' (1989) .... King Neptune

''Dead Calm'' (1989) .... Hughie Warriner

''Back to the Future Part II'' (1989) .... Match

''Megaville'' (1990) .... Palinov/Jensen

''Memphis Belle'' (1990) .... Lt. Val Kozlowski

''Miliardi'' (1991) .... Maurizio Ferretti

''Femme Fatale'' (1991) .... Elijah

''Blood and Concrete'' (1991) .... Joey Turks

''Lake Consequence'' (1992) .... Billy

''Orlando'' (1992) .... Shelmerdine

''Flashfire'' (1993) .... Jack Flinder

''Betrayal of the Dove'' (1993) .... Dr. Jesse Peter

''Sniper'' (1993) .... Richard Miller

''Posse'' (1993) .... Colonel Graham

''Poetic Justice'' (1993) .... Brad

''Tombstone'' (1993) .... Mr. Fabian

''Reflections on a Crime'' (1994) .... Colin

''The Silence of the Hams'' (1994) .... Joe Dee Foster

''Only You'' (1994) .... Harry, The False Damon Bradley

''The Set-Up'' (1995) .... Charles Thorpe

''Demon Knight'' (1995) .... The Collector

''The Phantom'' (1996) .... The Phantom/Kit Walker

''Head Above Water'' (1996) .... Kent

''Danger Zone'' (1997) .... Rick Morgan

''This World, Then the Fireworks'' (1997) .... Marty Lakewood

''Titanic'' (1997) .... Caledon Hockley

''I Woke Up Early the Day I Died'' (1998) .... The Thief

''Susan's Plan'' (1998) .... Sam Myers

''Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World'' (1998) .... John Rolfe (voice)

''Taxman'' (1999) .... George Putter

''Zoolander'' (2001) ....Himself (uncredited)

''The Believer'' (2001) .... Curtis Zampf

''CQ'' (2001) .... Mr. E

''Morgan's Ferry'' (2001) .... Sam

''Landspeed'' (2002) .... Michael Sanger

''Claim'' (2002) .... Roberto Bealing

''Silent Warnings'' (2003) .... Sheriff Bill Willingham

''Starving Hysterical Naked'' (2003)

''Imaginary Grace'' (2003) .... Nero

''Vlad'' (2003) .... Adrian

''The Kiss'' (2003) .... Alan Roberts/young Philip Naudet

''Dead Fish'' (2004) .... Virgil

''Big Kiss'' (2004) .... Billy

''Silver City'' (2004) .... Chandler Tyson

''The Last Drop'' (2005) .... Oates

''The Pleasure Drivers'' (2005) .... Marvin

''BloodRayne'' (2006) .... Elrich

''Survival Island'' (also known as ''Three'') (2006) .... Jack

''Valley of the Wolves: Iraq'' (2006) .... Sam William Marshall

''Memory'' (2006) .... Taylor Briggs

''The Mad'' (2007) .... Jason Hunt

''Fishtales'' (2007) .... Professor Thomas Bradley

''Alien Agent'' (2007) .... Tom / Saylon

''Perfect Hideout ''(2008) .... Victor

''The Man Who Came Back'' (2008) .... Ezra

''Love N' Dancing'' (2009) .... Kent Krandel

''The Hessen Affair'' (2009) .... Jack Durant

''Surviving Evil'' (2009) .... Sebastian 'Seb' Beazley

''Magic Man'' (2009) .... Darius

''The Gold Retrievers'' (2009) .... Hector

''Evil – In the Time of Heroes'' (2009) .... The Prophet

''Darfur'' (2009) .... Bob Smith

''Mama, I Want to Sing!'' (2011) .... Amara's Manager

''The Confidant'' (2010) .... Monty

''Flutter'' (2010) .... Edwin

''Chimera'' (TBA)

''Enemies Among Us'' (2010) .... Graham

''Mad Zombies'' (2010)

''Mercenaries (2011) .... Colonel Torida

''The Roommate'' (2011) .... Professor Roberts

''Sniper: Reloaded'' (2011) .... Richard Miller

''Two Jacks'' (2011) .... Max Faraday

''Dark Star Hollow'' (2011) .... The Devil

Television films

''Brotherhood of Justice'' (1986) .... Les

''Conspiracy: The Trial of the Chicago 8'' (1987) .... Police Officer

''Police Story: Monster Manor'' (1988) .... Officer Don Varney

''The Case of the Hillside Stranglers'' (1989) .... Kenneth Bianchi

''Lake Consequence'' (1993) .... Billy

''Orlando'' (1993)....Shelmerdine

''Running Delilah'' (1994) .... Paul

''Cleopatra'' (1999) .... Marc Antony

''Hendrix'' (2000) .... Michael Jeffrey

''Sole Survivor'' (2000) .... Joe Carpenter

''Invincible'' (2001) .... Os

''The Diamond of Jeru'' (2001) .... Mike Kardec

''Bet Your Life'' (2004) .... Joseph

''Blue Seduction'' (2009) .... Mikey Taylor

''Journey to Promethea'' (2010) .... King Laypach

Television series

''Heart of the City'' (1986) .... Tobin

''Matlock'' (1987) .... Eric Dawson

''21 Jump Street'' (1987) .... Matthew Goldblatt

''Crime Story'' (1988) .... Frankie 'The Duke' Farantino

''Murder, She Wrote: A Very Good Year for Murder'' (1988) .... Tony Gambini

''Twin Peaks'' (1991) .... John Justice Wheeler

''Tales From the Crypt: Well-Cooked Ham'' (1993) ... Miles

''The New Batman Adventures'' (1998) .... Etrigan the Demon

''Boston Public'' (2001) .... Matthew Baskin

''Charmed'' (2005) .... Drake

''Samantha Who?'' (2009) .... Winston Funk

''The Deep End'' (2010) .... Cliff Huddle

Video games

''SSX Tricky'' (2001) .... Brodi (voice only)

''Kingdom Hearts'' (2002) .... Ansem, Seeker of Darkness

''Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories'' (2004) .... Ansem, Seeker of Darkness

As director

''Charmed'' (2005)

As producer

''Fishtales'' (2007) (Co-producer)

References

External links

The Billy Zane Museum (archived)

Exclusive Billy Zane Interview at TrulyHollywood.com

Category:1966 births Category:Actors from Chicago, Illinois Category:American film actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:American voice actors Category:American people of Greek descent Category:Living people

ca:Billy Zane cs:Billy Zane cy:Billy Zane da:Billy Zane de:Billy Zane es:Billy Zane fa:بیلی زین fr:Billy Zane hr:Billy Zane id:Billy Zane is:Billy Zane it:Billy Zane he:בילי זיין la:Gulielmus Zane hu:Billy Zane nl:Billy Zane ja:ビリー・ゼイン no:Billy Zane pl:Billy Zane pt:Billy Zane ru:Зейн, Билли sr:Били Зејн fi:Billy Zane sv:Billy Zane th:บิลลี เซน tr:Billy Zane uk:Біллі Зейн vi:Billy Zane

name	Kristy Swanson
birth date	December 19, 1969
birth place	Mission Viejo, California,United States
birth name	Kristen Nöel Swanson
occupation	Actress
years active	1982–present
spouse	Lloyd Eisler (1 child) }}

Kristen Nöel "Kristy" Swanson (born December 19, 1969) is an American actress best known for playing Buffy in the 1992 film ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'', she also played Catherine "Cathy" Dollanganger in the movie version of the V.C. Andrews book ''Flowers in the Attic''.

Early life

Swanson was born in Mission Viejo, California, the daughter of physical education teachers Rosemary and Robert Swanson. She has Swedish ancestry as the ancestral surname of her family was Svensson.

Career

Swanson started her career at The Actors Workshop with R.J. Adams and promptly moved into TV advertising roles and several one-off appearances in TV series such as ''Cagney and Lacey'' and ''Alfred Hitchcock Presents''. In 1986, she debuted on the big screen in two John Hughes films: ''Pretty In Pink'', in a non-speaking role, and ''Ferris Bueller's Day Off'' as a character who announces a convoluted excuse for Ferris' absence in class. Her first starring role was later in 1986, in Wes Craven's ''Deadly Friend'' as Samantha - "the girl next door." The next year she played Cathy in the adaptation of V. C. Andrews' best-seller ''Flowers in the Attic''.

By 1990, Swanson had made many television appearances, including multiple appearances in ''Knots Landing'' (1987–1988), ''Nightingales'' (1989), her first starring role in a TV series, although it only lasted a season, and a short-lived Burt Reynolds television series called ''B.L. Stryker'' (1989).

Throughout the 1990s, she centered mostly in films. She played the title role in the 1992 movie ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'', which was a box office bomb but had a profitable rental life. She appeared in both starring and supporting roles in movies such as ''Hot Shots!'', ''The Program'', ''The Chase'', or her most critically acclaimed role as Kristen Connor, a student discovering her sexuality, in John Singleton's ''Higher Learning''. She also appeared in the film adaptation of the comic-book ''The Phantom'' and the dark comedy ''8 Heads in a Duffel Bag'' with Joe Pesci. Most of these films failed at the box office, and she reverted to TV work in the late 1990s.

In the 1998-9 season of ''Early Edition'', Swanson played Erica Paget, a love interest of the main character, Gary Hobson. In 1999 Swanson played Vanessa, the girlfriend of Adam Sandler in the movie ''Big Daddy''. In 2000, she returned to a television series, as the star of ''Grapevine'', a revamp of a 1992 TV series that was cancelled after 5 episodes.

Swanson posed nude for ''Playboy'' magazine in November 2002 in a cover-featured pictorial. She appeared in and won the 2006 Fox television program ''Skating with Celebrities'', partnered with Lloyd Eisler.

On May 8, 2007, Swanson appeared in the ''Law and Order: Criminal Intent'' episode "Bombshell", playing a fictionalized variation on Anna Nicole Smith.

In 2007, she became a spokesperson of the Medifast diet. In the following year, she guest-starred in 3 episodes of the lesbian web series ''3Way''.

In July 2009 she filmed ''What If...'', co-starring Kevin Sorbo and Debby Ryan, released on August 20, 2010. It was her first theatrical film in 10 years.

Swanson made a cameo appearance in the "Don't You Forget About Me" episode of ''One Tree Hill,'' which aired on February 1, 2010. The episode was a homage to John Hughes which Swanson appeared in two films produced by him in the 1980s.

Personal life

Swanson began a relationship with her then married Skating with Celebrities partner Lloyd Eisler during the show's run. Swanson gave birth to a son named Magnus Hart Swanson Eisler on February 16, 2007, just one month after Lloyd's divorce from Marcia O'Brien was finalized. Swanson married Eisler on February 7, 2009 in San Luis Obispo. They currently live in Santa Clarita, California.

Filmography

Films ''What If... (film) ''The Closer (film) ''Living Death (2006 film) ''Black Hole (2006 film) ''Six Months Later'' ''Forbidden Secrets (film) ''Bound by Lies'' ''The Silence (2003 film) ''Red Water'' ''Zebra Lounge'' ''Soul Assassin'' ''Dude, Where's My Car?'' ''Meeting Daddy'' ''Big Daddy (film) ''Supreme Sanction'' ''Pleasantville (film) ''Ground Control (film) ''Bad to the Bone (film) ''Tinseltown (film) ''Lover Girl (film) ''8 Heads in a Duffel Bag'' ''Marshal Law (film) ''The Phantom (1996 film) ''Higher Learning (film) ''Getting In'' ''The Chase (1994 film) ''The Program'' ''The Chili Con Carne Club'' ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer (film) ''Highway to Hell (film) ''Hot Shots!'' ''Mannequin: On the Move'' ''Diving In'' ''Dream Trap'' ''Flowers in the Attic (film) ''Not Quite Human (film) ''Juarez (1987 film) ''Deadly Friend'' ''Ferris Bueller's Day Off'' ''Mr. Boogedy'' ''Miracle of the Heart: A Boy's Town Story'' ''Pretty in Pink''

Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
rowspan="1"	2010	''A Root Beer Christmas''	Martha Evans
rowspan="1"	2010	What If...'' ||	Wendy Walker
rowspan="1"	2009	The Closer'' ||	Kaitlyn	Short film
rowspan="1"	2006	Living Death'' ||	Elizabeth Harris
rowspan="1"	2006	The Black Hole'' ||	Shannon Muir	TV movie
rowspan="1"	2005	|	Linda	Short film
rowspan="1"	2005	Forbidden Secrets'' ||	Alexandra Kent Lambeth	TV movie
rowspan="1"	2005	|	Laura Cross
rowspan="1"	2003	Silence'' ||	Julia Craig
rowspan="1"	2003	|	Kelli Raymond	TV movie
rowspan="1"	2001	|	Louise Bauer
rowspan="1"	2001	|	Tessa Jansen
rowspan="1"	2000	|	Christie Boner
rowspan="1"	2000	|	Laurel Lee
rowspan="1"	1999	Big Daddy'' ||	Vanessa
rowspan="1"	1999	|	Jenna	TV movie
rowspan="1"	1998	Pleasantville ||	Concerned "Colored" Girl	Uncredited
rowspan="1"	1998	Ground Control'' ||	Julie Albrecht
rowspan="1"	1997	Bad to the Bone'' ||	Francesca Wells	TV movie
rowspan="1"	1997	Tinseltown'' ||	Nikki Randall
rowspan="1"	1997	Lover Girl'' ||	Darlene Ferrari
rowspan="1"	1997	|	Laurie Bennett
rowspan="1"	1996	Marshal Law'' ||	Lilly Nelson	TV movie
rowspan="1"	1996	The Phantom'' ||	Diana Palmer
rowspan="1"	1995	Higher Learning'' ||	Kristen Connor
rowspan="1"	1994	|	Kirby Watts
rowspan="1"	1994	The Chase'' ||	Natalie Voss
rowspan="1"	1993	|	Camille Shafer
rowspan="1"	1993	|	Julie	Short film
rowspan="1"	1992	Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' ||	Buffy Summers
rowspan="1"	1992	Highway to Hell'' ||	Rachel Clark
rowspan="1"	1991	|	Kowalski
rowspan="1"	1991	|	Jessie
rowspan="1"	1990	|	Terry Hopkins
rowspan="1"	1990	|	Sue Halloran
rowspan="1"	1987	Flowers in the Attic'' ||	Cathy Dollanganger
rowspan="1"	1987	Not Quite Human'' ||	Erin Jeffries	TV movie
rowspan="1"	1987	Juarez'' ||	Cathy Dodge	TV movie
rowspan="1"	1986	|	Samantha Pringle
rowspan="1"	1986	|	Simone Adamley
rowspan="1"	1986	|	Jennifer Davis	TV movie
rowspan="1"	1986	|	Stephanie Gamble	TV movie
rowspan="1"	1986	|	Duckette

Television series

! Year !! Series !! Role !! Episodes
2011	''Psych'' ("This Episode Sucks")	Marlowe Viccellio	1
2010		Woman in car	1
2008		Leslie Lapdalulu	3
2007	''Law & Order: Criminal Intent''	Lorelei Mailer	1
2004	''CSI: Miami''	Roxanne Price	1
2003	''Just Shoot Me!''	Allison Cavanaugh	1
2000		Susan Crawford	5
1998-99	''Early Edition''	Erica Paget	20
1989	''B.L. Stryker''	Lynn Ellingsworth	2
1989		Becky Granger	13
1987-88	''Knots Landing''	Jody Campbell	5
1987	''Growing Pains''	Rhonda	1
1986		Linda Perkins	1
1986		Female Student #2	1
1985	''Cagney & Lacey''	Stephanie Brandon	1
1985	''Call to Glory''		2
1984	''It's Your Move''	Laura	1

Awards and nominations

Wins

1989: Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress in a Horror or Mystery Motion Picture - ''Flowers In The Attic''

Nominations

1988: Young Artist Award for Best Young Female Superstar in Motion Pictures - ''Deadly Friend''

1987: Young Artist Award for Exceptional Young Actress Starring in a Television Special or Movie of the Week - ''Mr. Boogedy''

1986: Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress - Guest in a Television Series - ''Cagney & Lacey episode "On The Street"''

References

External links

Kristy Swanson Interview on Fox News Radio

Category:1969 births Category:Actors from California Category:American film actors Category:Living people Category:Participants in American reality television series Category:People from Orange County, California Category:American people of Swedish descent

de:Kristy Swanson es:Kristy Swanson fr:Kristy Swanson it:Kristy Swanson nl:Kristy Swanson ja:クリスティ・スワンソン pl:Kristy Swanson pt:Kristy Swanson ru:Свэнсон, Кристи simple:Kristy Swanson sr:Кристи Свонсон fi:Kristy Swanson