Nakasero
Nakasero Map of Kampala showing the location of Nakasero.
Coordinates: 00°19′28″N 32°34′44″E / 0.32444°N 32.57889°E / 0.32444; 32.57889
Country	Uganda
Region	Central Uganda
District	Kampala Capital City Authority
Division	Kampala Central Division
Elevation	1,240 m (4,070 ft)
Time zone	EAT (UTC+3)

Nakasero is the hill where the central business district of Kampala is located. Kampala is Uganda's capital and largest city.

Location[link]

Nakasero is bordered by Mulago to the north, Makerere to the northwest, Old Kampala to the west, Namirembe and Mengo to the southwest, Nsambya to the south, Kibuli to the southeast and Kololo to the east. The coordinates of Nakasero Hill are: Latitude:0.3244; Longitude:32.5788.

Overview[link]

Nakasero Hill is the location of the central business district of Kampala, Uganda's capital city (pop:1,758,543 in 2009 Est). The lower reaches of the western and southern slopes of the hill accommodate the ordinary business and commercial activities of the city. (taxi parks, train station, shopping arcades, banks and regular restaurants). Towards the top of the hill, there are government buildings including the Uganda Parliament Buildings, the Kampala Capital City Authority Building Complex and several government ministries.

The top of Nakasero Hill is the most luxurious address in the city and accommodates the most upscale hotels and restaurants in the country. The Kampala State House is also located here. The northern and eastern slopes of Nakasero Hill house the majority of Diplomatic Missions to Uganda and the residencies of most ambassadors accredited to Uganda.^[1]

Landmarks[link]

The numerous landmarks in Kampala's central business district, located on Nakasero hill include but are not limited to the following:

Government Buildings[link]

• Uganda Parliament Buildings
• State House, Kampala
• Headquarters of Bank of Uganda
• Headquarters of Uganda Wildlife Authority
• Uganda Bureau of Statistics
• Uganda Commercial Court Building Complex
• Uganda Government Analytical Chemistry Laboratory
• Uganda High Court
• Uganda Investment Authority
• Uganda Ministry of Finance, Planning & Economic Development
• Uganda Ministry of Foreign Affairs
• Uganda Ministry of Health
• Uganda Ministry of Internal Affairs
• Uganda Ministry of Tourism, Trade and Industry

Banking Institutions[link]

• Headquarters of ABC Bank (Uganda)
• Headquarters of Bank of Africa (Uganda)
• Headquarters of Bank of Baroda (Uganda)
• Headquarters of Uganda Development Bank
• Headquarters of Barclays Bank (Uganda)
• Headquarters of Cairo International Bank
• Headquarters of Centenary Bank
• Headquarters of Citibank Uganda
• Headquarters of Crane Bank
• Headquarters of DFCU Bank
• Headquarters of Diamond Trust Bank (Uganda) Limited
• Headquarters of East African Development Bank
• Headquarters of Ecobank (Uganda)
• Headquarters of Equity Bank (Uganda)
• Headquarters of Fina Bank (Uganda)
• Headquarters of Global Trust Bank
• Headquarters of Housing Finance Bank
• Headquarters of Kenya Commercial Bank (Uganda)
• Headquarters of National Bank of Commerce (Uganda)
• Headquarters of Orient Bank - A member of the Bank PHB Group
• Headquarters of PostBank Uganda
• Headquarters of Stanbic Bank (Uganda) Limited
• Headquarters of Standard Chartered Bank (Uganda)
• Headquarters of Tropical Bank
• Headquarters of Uganda Development Bank
• Headquarters of United Bank for Africa

Hotels, Clubs & Casinos[link]

• Casino Paradise
• Grand Imperial Hotel
• Emin Pasha Hotel
• Fairway Hotel
• Hotel Equatoria
• Imperial Royale Hotel
• Kampala Casino
• Kampala Club
• Kampala Hilton Hotel
• Kampala Intercontinental Hotel
• Kampala Serena Hotel
• Kampala Sheraton Hotel
• Mamba Point Hotel
• Park Hotel
• Uganda Doctors Club
• Kampala Speke Hotel

Foreign Embassies[link]

• Embassy of Austria
• Embassy of Belgium
• Embassy of Cuba
• Embassy of Denmark
• Embassy of France
• Embassy of Finland
• Embassy of India
• Embassy of Ireland
• Embassy of Italy
• Embassy of Kenya
• Embassy of Nigeria
• Embassy of Norway
• Embassy of Somalia
• Embassy of South Korea
• Embassy of Spain
• Embassy of Switzerland
• Embassy of Tanzania

Places of Worship[link]

• All Saints Cathedral - Anglican
• Christ the King Church - Roman Catholic

Others[link]

• Buganda Road Primary School
• Headquarters of AMREF in Uganda
• Headquarters of UNDP in Uganda
• Kampala Central Police Station
• Kampala Capital City Authority Building Complex
• Kampala Railway Station
• Nakasero Farmers Market
• Uganda Main Post Office
• Uganda National Cultural Center
• Uganda Securities Exchange
• Nakasero Hospital Limited

External links[link]

• About Nakasero Market

Photos[link]

• Nakasero Farmers Market

See also[link]

• Kampala
• Kololo
• Muyenga
• Mulago
• Mengo
• Makerere
• Nsambya
• Government of Uganda

References[link]

v t e Kampala District Capital: Kampala Divisions Kampala Central Division Kawempe Division Lubaga Division Makindye Division Nakawa Division Neighborhoods Bugoloobi Bukoto Busega Butabika Bwaise Ggaba Kabalagala Kamwookya Kansanga Kaleerwe Kanyanya Kasubi Katwe Kawaala Kawempe Kibuli Kibuye Kigoowa Kikaaya Kisaasi Kiwaatule Kulambiro Kololo Kyambogo Kyebando Lubaga Lungujja Luzira Makerere Makindye Mbuya Mengo Mpererwe Mulago Munyonyo Mutundwe Muyenga Naakulabye Naguru Najjanankumbi Nakasero Nakawa Namirembe Namungoona Namuwongo Nateete Ndeeba Nsambya Ntinda Old Kampala Port Bell Wandegeya Economy Air Uganda Aya Group Quality Chemical Industries Limited Mukwano Group Ruparelia Group Bank of Uganda ABC Capital Bank Bank of Africa Bank of Baroda Barclays Bank DFCU Group Cairo International Bank Centenary Bank Citibank Crane Bank DFCU Bank Diamond Trust Bank Ecobank Equity Bank Fina Bank Global Trust Bank Housing Finance Bank Imperial Bank Uganda Kenya Commercial Bank National Bank of Commerce Orient Bank PostBank Uganda Stanbic Bank Standard Chartered Bank Tropical Bank United Bank for Africa East African Development Bank Uganda Development Bank National Housing and Construction Company Uganda Air Cargo International Medical Group National Social Security Fund Umeme Uganda Securities Exchange Uganda Investment Authority Capital Markets Authority The Monitor New Vision New Vision Group Uganda Telecom Mercantile Credit Bank Pride Microfinance Limited Uganda Finance Trust Limited Opportunity Uganda Limited Kyagalanyi Coffee Limited FINCA Uganda Limited UGAFODE Microfinance Limited Notable landmarks Bulange Uganda Parliament Buildings Butabika National Referral Hospital Mulago National Referral Hospital Nsambya Hospital Rubaga Hospital Mengo Hospital Naguru General Hospital International Hospital Kampala Kibuli Hospital Kampala Capital City Authority Complex Kampala Serena Hotel Hotel Africana Kampala Sheraton Hotel Imperial Hotels Group Imperial Royale Hotel Grand Imperial Hotel Hotel Equatoria Kampala Hilton Hotel Kampala Intercontinental Hotel Kampala Speke Hotel East African Development Bank Building Bank of Uganda Building Complex Mengo Palace St. Paul's Cathedral Namirembe St. Mary's Cathedral Lubaga Makerere University Main Campus Kibuli Mosque Old Kampala Mosque Kampala Airport Uganda Museum Uganda National Cultural Centre Kampala Northern Bypass Highway Kampala-Jinja Highway Kasubi Tombs Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kampala Education Makerere University Makerere University Business School Kampala International University Kampala University Kyambogo University Law Development Centre International Health Sciences University International University of East Africa Makerere College School Rubaga Community School Saint Lawrence University Uganda Management Institute Cavendish University Uganda Victoria University Uganda Uganda Martyrs University School of Medicine Notable people Apolo Nsibambi Nasser Ntege Sebaggala David Serwadda Fred Ruhindi John Ssebaana Kizito Bulaimu Muwanga Kibirige Erias Lukwago Dr. Ian Clarke Jennifer Musisi Maria Kiwanuka Laurence Sematimba Joseph Kizito Justinian Tamusuza Robert Ssejjemba Eugene Sseppuya Phillip Ssozi Sudhir Ruparelia Wasswa Serwanga Yusef Sozi Derrick Sebagala

Coordinates: 0°19′28″N 32°34′44″E / 0.3244°N 32.5788°E / 0.3244; 32.5788

All Saints
Painting by Fra Angelico
Also called	All Hallows, Hallowmas
Observed by	Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglican Communion, Lutheranism[1] and Methodism,[2] among other Christian denominations
Liturgical Color	White
Type	Christian
Date	November 1 (Western Christianity) Sunday after Pentecost (Eastern Christianity)
Observances	Church services
Related to	All Hallow's Eve, All Souls' Day

All Saints' Day (in the Roman Catholic Church officially the Solemnity of All Saints and also called All Hallows or Hallowmas^[3]), often shortened to All Saints, is a solemnity celebrated on 1 November by parts of Western Christianity, and on the first Sunday after Pentecost in Eastern Christianity, in honour of all the saints, known and unknown. In the Western calendar it is the day after Halloween and the day before All Souls' Day.

In Western Christian theology, the day commemorates all those who have attained the beatific vision in Heaven. It is a national holiday in many historically Catholic countries. In the Catholic Church and many Anglican churches, the next day specifically commemorates the departed faithful who have not yet been purified and reached heaven. Christians who celebrate All Saints' Day and All Souls' Day do so in the fundamental belief that there is a prayerful spiritual bond between those in purgatory (the 'Church Suffering'), those in heaven (the 'church triumphant'), and the living (the 'church militant'). Other Christian traditions define, remember and respond to the saints in different ways; for example, in the Methodist Church, the word "saints" refers to all Christians and therefore, on All Saint's Day, the Church Universal, as well as the deceased members of a local congregation, are honoured and remembered.^[2][4]

In the East[link]

Eastern Orthodox icon of All Saints. Christ is enthroned in heaven surrounded by the ranks of angels and saints. At the bottom is Paradise with the bosom of Abraham (left), and the Good Thief (right).

Eastern Christians of the Byzantine Tradition commemorate all saints collectively on the first Sunday after Pentecost, All Saints' Sunday (Greek: Αγίων Πάντων, Agiōn Pantōn).

The feast of All Saints achieved great prominence in the ninth century, in the reign of the Byzantine Emperor, Leo VI "the Wise" (886–911). His wife, Empress Theophano—commemorated on December 16—lived a devout life. After her death in 893,^[5] her husband built a church, intending to dedicate it to her. When he was forbidden to do so, he decided to dedicate it to "All Saints," so that if his wife were in fact one of the righteous, she would also be honored whenever the feast was celebrated.^[6] According to tradition, it was Leo who expanded the feast from a commemoration of All Martyrs to a general commemoration of All Saints, whether martyrs or not.

This Sunday marks the close of the Paschal season. To the normal Sunday services are added special scriptural readings and hymns to all the saints (known and unknown) from the Pentecostarion.

In the late spring, the Sunday following Pentecost Sunday (50 days after Easter) is set aside as a commemoration of all locally venerated saints, such as "All Saints of America", "All Saints of Mount Athos", etc. The third Sunday after Pentecost may be observed for even more localized saints, such as "All Saints of St. Petersburg", or for saints of a particular type, such as "New Martyrs of the Turkish Yoke."

In addition to the Sundays mentioned above, Saturdays throughout the year are days for general commemoration of all saints, and special hymns to all saints are chanted from the Octoechos.

In the West[link]

The Western Christian holiday of All Saints' Day falls on November 1, followed by All Souls' Day on November 2, and is a Holy Day of Obligation in the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church.

The origin of the festival of All Saints celebrated in the West dates to May 13, 609 or 610, when Pope Boniface IV consecrated the Pantheon at Rome to the Blessed Virgin and all the martyrs; the feast of the dedicatio Sanctae Mariae ad Martyres has been celebrated at Rome ever since. There is evidence that from the fifth through the seventh centuries there existed in certain places and at sporadic intervals a feast date on 13 May to celebrate the holy martyrs.^[7] The origin of All Saints' Day cannot be traced with certainty, and it has been observed on various days in different places. However, there are some who maintain the belief that it has origins in the pagan observation of 13 May, the Feast of the Lemures, in which the malevolent and restless spirits of the dead were propitiated. Liturgiologists base the idea that this Lemuria festival was the origin of that of All Saints on their identical dates and on the similar theme of "all the dead".^[8]

The feast of All Saints, on its current date, is traced to the foundation by Pope Gregory III (731–741) of an oratory in St. Peter's for the relics "of the holy apostles and of all saints, martyrs and confessors, of all the just made perfect who are at rest throughout the world", with the day moved to 1 November and the 13 May feast suppressed.^[9]

This usually fell within a few weeks of the Celtic holiday of Samhain, which had a theme similar to the Roman festival of Lemuria, but which was also a harvest festival. The Irish, having celebrated Samhain in the past, did not celebrate All Hallows Day on this November 1 date, as extant historical documents attest that the celebration in Ireland took place in the spring: "...the Felire of Oengus and the Martyrology of Tallaght prove that the early medieval churches [in Ireland] celebrated the feast of All Saints on April 20."^[10]

A November festival of all the saints was already widely celebrated on November 1 in the days of Charlemagne. It was made a day of obligation throughout the Frankish empire in 835, by a decree of Louis the Pious, issued "at the instance of Pope Gregory IV and with the assent of all the bishops", which confirmed its celebration on November 1. The octave was added by Pope Sixtus IV (1471–1484).^[11]

The festival was retained after the Reformation in the calendar of the Anglican Church and in many Lutheran churches. In the Lutheran churches, such as the Church of Sweden, it assumes a role of general commemoration of the dead. In the Swedish calendar, the observance takes place on the Saturday between October 31 and November 6. In many Lutheran Churches, it is moved to the first Sunday of November. In the Church of England it may be celebrated either on 1 November or on the Sunday between 30 October and 5 November. It is also celebrated by other Protestants of the English tradition, such as the United Church of Canada, the Methodist churches, and the Wesleyan Church.^[12]

Protestants generally regard all true Christian believers as saints and if they observe All Saints Day at all they use it to remember all Christians both past and present. In the United Methodist Church, All Saints' Day is celebrated on the first Sunday in November. It is held, not only to remember Saints, but also to remember all those who have died who were members of the local church congregation.^[13] In some congregations, a candle is lit by the Acolyte as each person's name is called out by the clergy. Prayers and responsive readings may accompany the event. Often, the names of those who have died in the past year are affixed to a memorial plaque.

In many Lutheran churches, All Saints' Day and Reformation Day are observed concurrently on the Sunday before or after those dates, given Reformation Day is observed in Protestant Churches on October 31. Typically, Martin Luther's "A Mighty Fortress is Our God" is sung during the service. Besides discussing Luther's role in the Protestant Reformation, some recognition of the prominent early leaders of the Reformed tradition, such as John Calvin and John Knox, occurs. The observance of Reformation Day may be immediately followed by a reading of those members of the local congregation who have died in the past year in observance of All Saints' Day. Otherwise, the recognition of deceased church members occurs at another designated portion of the service.

Roman Catholic Obligation[link]

In Catholicism, All Saints' Day is a Holy Day of Obligation in many (but not all) countries, meaning going to Mass on the date is required unless one has a good reason to be excused, such as illness. However, in a number of countries that do list All Saints' Day as a Holy Day of Obligation, including England and Wales, the solemnity of All Saints' Day is transferred to the adjacent Sunday, if 1 November falls on a Monday or a Saturday, while in the same circumstances in the United States the Solemnity is still celebrated on November 1 but the obligation to attend Mass is abrogated.

Customs[link]

All Saints' Day at a cemetery in Sanok - flowers and light candles to honor the memory of deceased relatives. Poland, 1 November 2011

In Mexico, Portugal and Spain, offerings (Portuguese: oferendas, Spanish: ofrendas) are made on this day. In Spain the play Don Juan Tenorio is traditionally performed.

All Saints' Day in Mexico, coincides with the first day of the Day of the Dead (Dia de los Muertos) celebration. Known as "Día de los Inocentes" (Day of the Innocents), it honours deceased children and infants.

Portuguese children celebrate the Pão-por-Deus tradition, going door-to-door where they receive cakes, nuts and pomegranates. This only occurs in some areas around Lisbon.

Hallowmas in the Philippines is variously called "Undas" (based on the word for "[the] first"), "Todós los Santos" (literally "All Saints"), and sometimes "Áraw ng mga Patáy" (lit. "Day of the Dead"), which refers to the following day of All Souls' Day but includes it. While traditionally, Filipinos observed this day solemnly by visiting the graves of deceased relatives, offering prayers and flowers, lighting candles, cleaning and repairing the graves, this tradition is slowly dying. Instead it has been replaced by Filipinos spending the day, and often the entire night, picnicking and holding reunions at the cemetery near their loved ones. Many sing, bring Karaoke TV sets and musical instruments, and even burst fire crackers. In fact, for the past few years, the government has banned bringing of liquor, sharp instruments and guns due to incidents of drunkenness and resulting violence during the festival. [14]

In Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Chile, France, Hungary, Italy, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Malta, Portugal, Spain, and American cities such as New Orleans, people take flowers to the graves of dead relatives.

In Austria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Finland, Catholic parts of Germany, Hungary, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia and Sweden, the tradition is to light candles and visit the graves of deceased relatives.

In English-speaking countries, the festival is traditionally celebrated with the hymn "For All the Saints" by William Walsham How. The most familiar tune for this hymn is Sine Nomine by Ralph Vaughan Williams. Catholics generally celebrate with a day of rest consisting of avoiding physical exertion.

Notes[link]

See also[link]

• Veneration of the dead
• Halloween
• Dziady
• Day of the Dead
• Irish calendar
• Litany of the Saints

External links[link]

• All Saints Day
• All Saints and All Souls Day American Catholic
•  "All Saints' Day". Catholic Encyclopedia. 1913. 
• All Saints Sunday Orthodox England
• A Vigil service for All Saints All Hallows' E'en - "Halloween"
• First Sunday after Pentecost, or All Saints Sunday by Sergei Bulgakov, Handbook for Church Servers
• Synaxis of All Saints Icon and Synaxarion of the feast
•  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "All Saints, Festival of". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

Mehmed Emin Pasha (March 28, 1840 – October 23, 1892) — he was born Isaak Eduard Schnitzer and baptized (c. 1847) Eduard Carl Oscar Theodor Schnitzer — was a physician, naturalist, and governor of the Egyptian province of Equatoria on the upper Nile. "Pasha" was a title conferred on him in 1886 and thereafter he was referred to as "Emin Pasha".

Biography[link]

Eduard Schnitzer aka Emin Pasha

He was born in Oppeln, Silesia into a middle-class Germano-Jewish family, which moved to Neisse when he was two years of age. After the death of his father in 1845 his mother married a Gentile; she and her offspring were baptized Lutherans. He studied at the universities at Breslau, Königsberg, and Berlin, qualifying as a doctor in 1864. However, he was disqualified from practice, and left Germany for Constantinople, with the intention of entering Ottoman service.

Travelling via Vienna and Trieste, he stopped at Antivari in Montenegro, found himself welcomed by the local community and was soon in medical practice. He put his linguistic talent to good use as well, adding Turkish, Albanian, and Greek to his repertoire of European languages. He became the quarantine officer of the port, leaving only in 1870 to join the staff of Ismail Hakki Pasha, governor of northern Albania, in the service he travelled throughout the Ottoman Empire, although the details are little-known.

When Hakki Pasha died in 1873, Emin went back to Neisse with the pasha's widow and children, where he passed them off as his own family, but left suddenly in September 1875, reappearing in Cairo and then departing for Khartoum, where he arrived in December. At this point he took the name "Mehemet Emin" (Arabic Muhammad al-Amin), started a medical practice, and began collecting plants, animals, and birds, many of which he sent to museums in Europe. Although some regarded him as a Muslim, it is not clear if he ever actually converted.

Charles George Gordon, then governor of Equatoria, heard of Emin's presence and invited him to be the chief medical officer of the province; Emin assented and arrived there in May 1876. Gordon immediately sent Emin on diplomatic missions to Buganda and Bunyoro to the south, where Emin's modest style and fluency in Luganda were quite popular.

After 1876, Emin made Lado his base for collecting expeditions throughout the region. In 1878, the Khedive of Egypt appointed Emin as Gordon's successor to govern the province, giving him the title of Bey. Despite the grand title, there was little for Emin to do; his military force consisted of a few thousand soldiers who controlled no more than a mile's radius around each of their outposts, and the government in Khartoum was indifferent to his proposals for development. He showed himself a bitter foe of slavery.^[1]

The revolt of Muhammad Ahmad that began in 1881 had cut Equatoria off from the outside world by 1883, and the following year Karam Allah marched south to capture Equatoria and Emin. In 1885 Emin and most of his forces withdrew further south, to Wadelai near Lake Albert. Cut off from communications to the north, he was still able to exchange mail with Zanzibar through Buganda. Determined to remain in Equatoria, his communiques, carried by his friend Wilhelm Junker, aroused considerable sentiment in Europe in 1886, particularly acute after the death of Gordon the previous year.

The Emin Pasha Relief Expedition, led by Henry Morton Stanley, undertook to rescue Emin by going up the Congo River and then through the Ituri Forest, an extraordinarily difficult route that resulted in the loss of two-thirds of the expedition. Precise details of this trek are recorded in the published diaries of the expedition's non-African "officers" (e.g. Major Edmund Musgrave Barttelot, Captain William Grant Stairs, Mr. A.J. Mounteney Jephson, or Thomas Heazle Parke, surgeon of the expedition). Stanley met Emin in April 1888, and after a year spent in argument and indecision, during which Emin and Jephson were imprisoned at Dufile by troops who mutinied from August to November 1888, Emin was convinced to leave for the coast. They arrived in Bagamoyo in 1890. During celebrations Emin was injured when he stepped through a window he mistook for an opening to a balcony. Emin spent two months in a hospital recovering while Stanley left without being able to bring him back in triumph.

The introduction of sleeping sickness in Uganda was attributed to the movement of Emin and his followers. Prior to the 1890s, sleeping sickness was unknown in Uganda but the Tetse fly was probably brought by Emin from the Congo territory. ^[2]

Emin then entered the service of the German East Africa Company and accompanied Dr. Stuhlmann on an expedition to the lakes in the interior, but was killed by two Arab slave traders at Kinena Station in the Congo Free State,^[1] near Nyangwe.^[3]

He added greatly to the anthropological knowledge of central Africa and published valuable geographical papers.^[1]

References[link]

1. ^ ^{a b c}  "Schnitzer, Edward". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921. 
2. ^ "50, 100 and 150 Years Ago", Scientific American, September 2010, page 12
3. ^ Beach, Chandler B., ed. (1914). " Emin Pasha". The New Student's Reference Work. Chicago: F. E. Compton and Co.. Wikisource 

• "The Death of Emin Pasha" by R. Dorsey Mohun The Century, February 1895

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Emin Pasha

• Emin Pasha at the NNDB
• A.J. Mounteney Jephson, Diary, Edited by Dorothy Middleton, Hakluyt Society 1969
• Emin Pasha's family genealogy