- published: 24 Jun 2012
- views: 644
- author: neil9327
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- 10 Downing Street
- Abellio London
- Admiralty
- Air-raid shelter
- Alistair Darling
- Anthony Steen
- Architect
- Arriva London
- Atomic mass
- Attack the Block
- Austenite
- Bakerloo line
- Bakerloo Line
- Bank
- Barclays Bank
- Barclays Cycle Hire
- Battersea
- Battle of Waterloo
- Beckenham
- Beefeater Gin
- BFI Southbank
- Bob Marley
- Borough constituency
- Box Hill, Surrey
- British Museum
- Brixton
- Brockwell Park
- Cactus TV
- Camberwell
- Cambridge University
- Catherine of Aragon
- Charing Cross
- Charles Holden
- Charles Kennedy
- Charlie Chaplin
- Chartism
- City of London
- Civil servants
- Clapham
- Clapham Junction
- Clarence House
- Come On Eileen
- Community Charge
- Conservation Area
- Coronation
- Countryside Alliance
- County of London
- Cricket ground
- Cumberland
- Daily Mail
- Das Kapital
- David Laws
- David Ricardo
- Dialling code
- Districts of England
- Division bell
- Domesday Book
- Don Letts
- Dorking
- Duchy of Cornwall
- Dulwich
- E. Nesbit
- Edward the Confessor
- Elephant & Castle
- Elephant and Castle
- Eliza Cook
- England
- FA Cup
- Farmers' market
- Felix Slade
- Football
- Foreign Secretary
- Francis Towneley
- Gay Pride
- Gentrification
- Geoffrey Chaucer
- George Edmund Street
- George III
- George Whitefield
- Gipsy Hill
- Go-Ahead London
- Goldsmith
- Gothic Revival
- Great Exhibition
- Greater London
- Harold Godwinson
- Harthacnut
- Hazel Blears
- Henry III of England
- Henry IV of England
- Henry Moore
- Henry VI of England
- Henry VII of England
- Herne Hill
- Hide (unit)
- HMS Bounty
- Holborn
- Home Secretary
- Houses of Parliament
- Hyde Park Corner
- Imperial War Museum
- Inner London
- Jack Straw
- Jacobite rebellion
- Jacobite Rising
- Jamaican
- James Callaghan
- James Pennethorne
- John Betjeman
- John Stow
- John Wesley
- John Wilkes
- Karl Marx
- Kate Hoey
- Ken Bruen
- Kenneth Clarke
- Kennington
- Kennington Common
- Kennington Cross
- Kennington Park
- Kennington Park Road
- Kennington Road
- Kennington station
- Kevin Spacey
- King of Denmark
- King of England
- King William IV
- King's Bench Prison
- King's Cross
- Labour Party (UK)
- Lambeth
- Lambeth Archives
- Lambeth Bridge
- Lambeth North
- Lambeth Palace
- Lembit Öpik
- Lewisham
- Liberal Democrats
- Linear settlement
- Liverpool Street
- London Belongs to Me
- London Boulevard
- London Bridge
- London Buses route 3
- London Eye
- London Fire Brigade
- London General
- London Plan
- London stock brick
- London Underground
- Lord Chancellor
- Lord Privy Seal
- Louis de Soissons
- Lower Marsh Market
- Luftwaffe
- Marble Arch
- Matthew Paris
- Maud Pember Reeves
- Meadow
- Member of Parliament
- Methodists
- Michael Connarty
- Michael Searles
- Morden
- Mutiny on the Bounty
- Napoleonic Wars
- National museum
- National Rail
- New Cross
- Newington, London
- Nine Elms
- Norman Collins
- North Downs
- North Lambeth
- Northern Line
- Norwood Junction
- NRS social grade
- Of Human Bondage
- Old Kent Road
- Oliver Letwin
- Oval (ward)
- Oval station
- Oval tube station
- Oval, London
- Oxford Circus
- Oxford University
- Paddington
- Paddington Basin
- Palace of Whitehall
- Parliament Square
- Passport to Pimlico
- Peckham
- Piccadilly Circus
- Pimlico
- Plough
- Poll Tax Riots
- Post Office
- Post town
- Postcode
- Prince of Wales
- Prince's (ward)
- Purcell Room
- Queen Elizabeth Hall
- Queen's Park
- Reclaim the Streets
- Redgrave family
- Regions of England
- Residential area
- Riot Act
- River Effra
- River Thames
- Roy Porter
- Roy Redgrave
- Royal Festival Hall
- Royal manor
- Royal Navy
- Royal Oak
- Royal Surrey Gardens
- Rugby Union
- Samuel Prout
- Sarah Waters
- SE postcode area
- Semaphore line
- Slave Trade Act 1807
- Snatch (film)
- South Bank
- South Downs
- South Kensington
- South Lambeth
- South London
- Southbank Centre
- St. Agnes Place
- St. Thomas' Hospital
- Stephen Hesford
- Stockwell
- Strand, London
- Streatham
- Streatham Hill
- Surrey
- Sydney Smirke
- Tate Britain
- Template LB Lambeth
- Tesco
- Test cricket
- The Ashes
- The Blitz
- The Crystal Palace
- The Hayward
- The Krays (film)
- The Lambeth Walk
- The Oval
- The Railway Children
- The Salvation Army
- The Sunday Times
- The Times
- Tipping the Velvet
- Tooting
- Trafalgar Square
- Tulse Hill
- Tumulus
- United Kingdom
- Vassall (ward)
- Vauxhall
- Vauxhall Bridge
- Victor Cox
- Victoria Line
- Victoria station
- Vincent van Gogh
- Virgate
- Viscount Melbourne
- Viscount Rothermere
- W. Somerset Maugham
- Walworth
- Walworth, London
- Waterloo
- Waterloo Bridge
- Waterloo, London
- Welwyn Garden City
- West Dulwich
- West End of London
- West Norwood
- West Square
- Westminster Bridge
- Westmorland
- Whitehall
- Wikipedia Link rot
- William Blake
- William Bligh
- William Booth
- William Hogarth
- William Hosking
- William Tallon
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Battersea
Coordinates: 51°27′50″N 0°10′04″W / 51.46377°N 0.16771°W / 51.46377; -0.16771
Battersea is an area of the London Borough of Wandsworth, England. It is an inner-city district of South London in fare zone 2, situated on the south side of the River Thames, 2.9 miles (4.8 km) south-west of Charing Cross. Battersea spans from Fairfield in the west to Queenstown in the east. Although in modern times it is known mostly for its wealth, Battersea remains characterised by spates of inequality, with infamous and deprived council estates such as the Winstanley estate surrounding more prosperous areas. In 2001, Battersea had a population of 75,651 people.
Historically a part of Surrey, the area takes its name from the old village of Battersea, an island settlement established in the river delta of the Falconbrook; a river that rises in Tooting Bec Common and flows underground through south London to the River Thames. The site of the original settlement is marked by St. Mary's Church. William Blake was married, and Benedict Arnold and his wife and daughter are buried in the crypt of the church. Battersea is mentioned in Anglo-Saxon time as Badrices īeg = "Badric's Island" and later "Patrisey". As with many former Thames island settlements, Battersea was reclaimed by draining marshland and building culverts for streams.
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Battle of Waterloo
Coordinates: 50°40′45″N 4°24′25″E / 50.67917°N 4.40694°E / 50.67917; 4.40694 The Battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday, 18 June 1815 near Waterloo in present-day Belgium, then part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. An Imperial French army under the command of Emperor Napoleon was defeated by combined armies of the Seventh Coalition, an Anglo-Allied army under the command of the Duke of Wellington combined with a Prussian army under the command of Gebhard von Blücher. It was the culminating battle of the Waterloo Campaign and Napoleon's last. The defeat at Waterloo ended his rule as Emperor of the French, marking the end of his Hundred Days return from exile.
Upon Napoleon's return to power in 1815, many states that had opposed him formed the Seventh Coalition and began to mobilise armies. Two large forces under Wellington and Blücher assembled close to the north-eastern border of France. Napoleon chose to attack in the hope of destroying them before they could join in a coordinated invasion of France with other members of the coalition. The decisive engagement of this three-day Waterloo Campaign (16–19 June 1815) occurred at the Battle of Waterloo. According to Wellington, the battle was "the nearest-run thing you ever saw in your life."
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Beckenham
Coordinates: 51°24′28″N 0°01′19″W / 51.4077°N 0.0220°W / 51.4077; -0.0220
Beckenham is a town in the London Borough of Bromley, England. It is located 8.4 miles (13.5 km) south east of Charing Cross and 1.75 miles (2.8 km) west of Bromley town. Until the coming of the railway in 1857, Beckenham was a small village in the county of Kent with almost completely rural surroundings: once a family of entrepreneurs began the building of villas here, its population soared from 2000 to 26,000 during 1850-1900 and throughout the rest of the century. The current population is nearly 82,000 Today it is very much in London suburbia, although some of the grand houses of the early days remain.
The settlement is referred to as Bacheham in the Domesday Book of 1086, and in the Textus Roffensis as Becceham. The name is thought to derive from Beohha's homestead (Beohhan + ham in Old English). The name of the small stream here - the River Beck - is most likely to have been named after the village.
Population is now 82,300
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BFI Southbank
BFI Southbank (formerly known as the National Film Theatre) is the leading repertory cinema in the UK specialising in seasons of classic, independent and non-English language films and is operated by the British Film Institute.
The National Film Theatre was initially opened in a temporary building (the Telekinema) at the Festival of Britain in 1951 and moved to its present location in 1957, replacing the Thameside restaurant on the site. Subsequently, Southbank Centre expanded its buildings to meet the National Film Theatre from the south, while the Royal National Theatre now occupies the area to the north-east.
On 14 March 2007, the National Film Theatre was relaunched as BFI Southbank in considerably enlarged premises, taking over space that had been used by the Museum of the Moving Image. In addition to the three pre-existing auditoria, the complex now includes a studio, a médiathèque, gallery space, a shop, and a bar and restaurant run by Benugo.
It is sited below the southern end of Waterloo Bridge, forming part of the cultural complex on the South Bank of the River Thames in London. The site comprises three cinemas and studio space, as well as cafes and exhibition space. It also has a large bar area in the foyer, where smaller performances are sometimes held.
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Brixton
Coordinates: 51°27′47″N 0°06′22″W / 51.463°N 0.106°W / 51.463; -0.106
Brixton is a district in the London Borough of Lambeth in south London, England. It is 3.8 miles (6.1 km) south south-east of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Brixton is mainly residential with a prominent street market and substantial retail sector. It is a multiethnic community, with around 24 percent of its population being of African and Caribbean descent,. It lies within Inner South London and is bordered by Stockwell, Clapham, Streatham, Camberwell, Tulse Hill and Herne Hill. The district houses the main offices of the London Borough of Lambeth.
The name Brixton is thought to originate from Brixistance, meaning the stone of Brixi, a Saxon lord. Brixi is thought to have erected a boundary stone to mark the meeting place of the ancient hundred court of Surrey. The location is unknown but is thought to be at the top of Brixton Hill, at a road known at the time as Bristow or Brixton Causeway, long before any settlement in the area. Brixton marks the rise from the marshes of North Lambeth up to the hills of Upper Norwood and Streatham. At the time the River Effra flowed from its source in Upper Norwood through Herne Hill to Brixton. At Brixton the river was crossed by low bridges for Roman roads to the south coast of Britain, now Brixton Road and Clapham Road. The main roads were connected through a network of medieval country lanes, such as Acre Lane, Coldharbour Lane, Brixton Water Lane and Lyham Road, formerly Black Lane. It was only at the end of the 18th century that villages and settlements formed around Brixton, as the original woodland was gradually reduced until the area was covered in farmland and market gardens known for game and strawberries.
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Camberwell
Coordinates: 51°28′25″N 0°05′28″W / 51.4736°N 0.0912°W / 51.4736; -0.0912
Camberwell is a district of south London, England, and forms part of the London Borough of Southwark. It is a built-up inner city district located 2.7 miles (4.3 km) southeast of Charing Cross. To the west it has a boundary with the London Borough of Lambeth.
Camberwell appears in Domesday Book as Cambrewelle. The name may derive from the old English Cumberwell or Comberwell, meaning 'Well of the Britons', referring to remaining Celtic inhabitants of an area dominated by Anglo-Saxons. An alternative theory suggests the name may mean 'Cripple Well', and that the settlement developed as a hamlet where people from the City of London were expelled when they had life threatening diseases like leprosy, for treatment by the church and the clean, healing waters from the wells. Springs and wells are known to have existed on the southern slope of Denmark Hill, especially around Grove Park.
It was already a substantial settlement with a church when mentioned in the Domesday Book, and was the parish church for a large area including Dulwich and Peckham. It was held by Haimo the Sheriff (of Kent). Its domesday assets were: 6 hides and 1 virgate; 1 church, 8 ploughs, 63 acres (250,000 m2) of meadow, woodland worth 60 hogs. It rendered £14. Up to the mid-nineteenth century, Camberwell was visited by Londoners for its rural tranquillity and the reputed healing properties of its mineral springs. Like much of inner South London, Camberwell was transformed by the arrival of the railways in the 1860s.
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Cambridge University
The University of Cambridge (informally known as Cambridge University or Cambridge) is a public research university located in Cambridge, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world (after the University of Oxford), and the seventh-oldest in the world. In post-nominals the university's name is abbreviated as Cantab, a shortened form of Cantabrigiensis (an adjective derived from Cantabrigia, the Latinised form of Cambridge).
The university grew out of an association of scholars in the city of Cambridge that was formed in 1209, early records suggest, by scholars leaving Oxford after a dispute with townsfolk. The two "ancient universities" have many common features and are often jointly referred to as Oxbridge. In addition to cultural and practical associations as a historic part of British society, they have a long history of rivalry with each other.
Cambridge ranks first in the world in both the 2010 and 2011 QS World University Rankings, sixth in the world in the 2011 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, and fifth in the world (and first in Europe) in the 2011 Academic Ranking of World Universities. Cambridge regularly contends with Oxford for first place in UK league tables. In the two most recently published rankings of UK universities by The Guardian newspaper, Cambridge was ranked first.
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Charing Cross
Coordinates: 51°30′26″N 0°07′39″W / 51.5073°N 0.12755°W / 51.5073; -0.12755
Charing Cross denotes the junction of Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street, just south of Trafalgar Square in central London, England. It is named after the now demolished Eleanor cross that stood there, in what was once the hamlet of Charing. The site of the cross is now occupied by an equestrian statue of King Charles I. Since the second half of the 18th century Charing Cross has been seen as the centre of London. It is the primary of the central datum points for measuring distances from London along with the London Stone, Hicks Hall and the doors of St Mary-le-Bow church.
"Erect a rich and stately carved cross, Whereon her statue shall with glory shine; And henceforth see you call it Charing Cross." George Peele The Famous Chronicle of King Edward the First (1593)
The name of the hamlet of Charing is derived from the old English word "cierring", referring to the nearby bend in the River Thames.
The addition of the name "Cross" to the area's name originates from the Eleanor cross erected in 1291–94 by King Edward I as a memorial to his wife, Eleanor of Castile, and placed between the former hamlet of Charing and the entrance to the Royal Mews of the Palace of Whitehall (today the top of Whitehall on the south side of Trafalgar Square).
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City of London
The City of London is an area in central London, England. In the medieval period it constituted most of London, but the conurbation has grown far beyond it. As the City’s boundaries have remained almost unchanged since the Middle Ages, it is now only a tiny part of the metropolis, though it remains a notable part of central London, holds city status in its own right, and is a separate ceremonial county.
It is often referred to as the City (often written on maps as "City") or the Square Mile, as it is just over one square mile (1.12 sq mi/2.90 km2) in area. These terms are also often used as metonyms for the United Kingdom's financial services industry, which continues a notable history of being based in the City.
The term London now refers to a much larger conurbation roughly corresponding to Greater London, a local government area which includes 32 London boroughs including the City of Westminster as well as the City of London. The local authority for the City, the City of London Corporation, is unique in the United Kingdom, and has some unusual responsibilities for a local authority in Britain, such as being the police authority for the City. It also has responsibilities and ownerships beyond the City's boundaries. The Corporation is headed by the Lord Mayor of the City of London, an office separate from (and much older than) the Mayor of London.
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Clapham
Coordinates: 51°27′48″N 0°08′02″W / 51.46323°N 0.13394°W / 51.46323; -0.13394
Clapham is a district in south west London, England, within the London Borough of Lambeth.
Clapham covers the postcodes of SW4 and parts of SW8, SW9 and SW12. Clapham Common is shared with the London Borough of Wandsworth, although Lambeth has responsibility for running the common as a whole. According to the 2001 census Clapham (and Stockwell) had a joint population of 65,513 inhabitants. Clapham is made up of two wards Clapham Common and Clapham Town and Thornton ward which forms the southern part of Balham. Parts of Clapham also lie within the Brixton ward of Ferndale and the Stockwell ward of Larkhall.
Clapham is well known for its extensive green space Clapham Common, which features three ponds and is overlooked by Victorian mansions, and the village-like atmosphere of its historic Old Town. Clapham is famous[citation needed] as the home of Holy Trinity Clapham the Georgian Church on Clapham Common, from where The Clapham Sect led by William Wilberforce and a group of upper class evangelical Christians campaigned for the abolition of the slave trade in the 19th century. Abbeville or the Village is an affluent district within Clapham lying between Clapham Common South Side and Clarence Avenue and is synonymous with the Clapham Common Ward. The area is centred around small parades of upmarket independent shops and renowned restaurants within a longer otherwise residential road and has a village-like feel.
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Clarence House
Clarence House is a royal home in London, situated on The Mall, in the City of Westminster. It is attached to St. James's Palace and shares the palace's garden. For nearly 50 years, from 1953 to 2002, it was home to Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother, but has since been the official residence of The Prince of Wales, The Duchess of Cornwall and Prince Harry. Clarence House also served as the official residence for Prince William from 2003 until his 2011 marriage. It is open to visitors for approximately two months each summer. It is one of many royal buildings in London.
The house was built between 1825 and 1827 to a design by John Nash. It was commissioned by Prince William, Duke of Clarence, who became King William IV in 1830. He lived there in preference to the nearby St. James's Palace, which he found too cramped. It passed to his sister Princess Augusta Sophia and, following her death in 1840, to Queen Victoria's mother, the Duchess of Kent. In 1866, it became the home of Queen Victoria's second son and fourth child Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duke of Edinburgh until his death in 1900. His younger brother Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Queen Victoria's third son, used the house from 1900 until his death in 1942, during which time the house suffered damage inflicted by enemy bombing. It was used by the Red Cross and the St. John Ambulance Brigade as their headquarters during the rest of World War II, before being given to Princess Elizabeth and her husband, The Duke of Edinburgh. Princess Anne was born there in 1950. After the death of George VI, the Queen Mother and Princess Margaret moved there in 1953, though the latter eventually moved to an apartment in Kensington Palace.
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Cumberland
Cumberland (
/ˈkʌmbərlənd/) is a historic county of North West England, on the border with Scotland, from the 12th century until 1974. It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 (excluding Carlisle from 1914) and now forms part of Cumbria.
What was to become Cumberland had a complicated political history before the 12th century. The first record of the term "Cumberland" appears in 945, when the Anglo Saxon Chronicle recorded that the area was ceded to Malcolm I of Scotland by King Edmund of England. At the time of the Domesday Book in 1086 most of the future county remained part of Scotland although some villages in the far south west, which were the possessions of the Earl of Northumbria, were included in the Yorkshire section with the Furness region.
In 1092 King William Rufus of England invaded the Carlisle district, settling it with colonists. He created an Earldom of Carlisle, and granted the territory to Ranulf Meschyn. In 1133 Carlisle was made the see of a new diocese, identical with the area of the earldom. However, on the death of King Henry I in 1135, the area was regained by Scotland's King David I. He was able to consolidate his power and made Carlisle one of his chief seats of government, while England descended into a lengthy civil war. In 1157 Henry II of England resumed possession of the area from Malcolm IV of Scotland, and formed two new counties from the former earldom: Westmorland and "Carliol". The silver-mining area of Alston, previously associated with the Liberty of Durham, was also added to the new county of Carliol for financial reasons. By 1177 the county of Carliol was known as Cumberland. The border between England and Scotland was made permanent by the Treaty of York in 1237.
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Dorking
Coordinates: 51°14′02″N 0°19′54″W / 51.2340°N 0.3318°W / 51.2340; -0.3318
Dorking ( /ˈdɔrkɪŋ/) is a historic market town at the foot of the North Downs approximately 21 miles (34 km) south of London, in Surrey, England.
Dorking began life as a small staging on Stane Street, the Roman Road that linked London to Chichester on the English Channel.
Dorking appears in Domesday Book of 1086 as the Manor of Dorchinges. It was held by William the Conqueror. Its domesday assets were: one church, 3 mills worth 15s 4d, 16 ploughs, 3 acres (1.2 ha) of meadow, woodland and herbage worth 88 hogs. It rendered £18.
Subsequent Lords of the Manor were to include the Dukes of Norfolk, who lived in Dorking until they moved to Arundel. One of them is buried in Dorking churchyard. In the Medieval period, Dorking was a prosperous agricultural and market town, benefitting from its position on the junction of a number of important roads and tracks.
In 1750, the construction of a Turnpike Road made Dorking a staging post on the route to Brighton and the coast. The Bull's Head in South Street had a famous coachman, William Broad, whose portrait hangs in Dorking Museum in West Street. The inn that now dominates the centre of Dorking, the White Horse, was developed in the 18th century; previous buildings on this site having belonged to the Knights Templar and later the Knights of St John.
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Dulwich
Coordinates: 51°26′45″N 0°04′40″W / 51.4457°N 0.0779°W / 51.4457; -0.0779
Dulwich ( /ˈdʌlɨtʃ/) is an area of South London, England. The settlement is mostly in the London Borough of Southwark with parts in the London Borough of Lambeth. Dulwich, consisting of East Dulwich, West Dulwich and Dulwich Village lies in a valley between the neighbouring districts of Camberwell, Crystal Palace, Denmark Hill, Forest Hill, Gipsy Hill, Knights Hill, Herne Hill, Honor Oak, Peckham, Penge, Sydenham Hill, Tulse Hill and West Norwood. Dulwich was in Surrey until 1889, when the County of London was created. The modern western boundary with the neighbouring Borough of Lambeth, Croxted Road, derives its name from a very old pilgrim way, Croke (i.e. crooked) Street. Dulwich is also known as the location of the Dulwich Picture Gallery and Dulwich College.
The first documented evidence of Dulwich is as a hamlet outside London in 967AD, granted by King Edgar to one of his thanes Earl Aelfheah. The name of Dulwich has been spelt in various ways, Dilwihs, Dylways, Dullag, and may come from two old English words, Dill, a white flower, and wihs, meaning a damp meadow, giving a meaning of "the meadow where dill grows".
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Elephant & Castle
Coordinates: 51°29′42″N 0°06′04″W / 51.495°N 0.101°W / 51.495; -0.101
The Elephant and Castle is a major road intersection in Central London, England, located in the London Borough of Southwark. It is also used as a name for the surrounding area.
The Elephant, as it is known for short, consists of major traffic intersections connected by a short road called Elephant and Castle, part of the A3. Between these intersections, on the eastern side, is the Elephant and Castle Shopping Centre, with an office block called Hannibal House on top. To the north of this, bounded by Newington Causeway and New Kent Road is a large residential block called Metro Central Heights. The 43-storey Strata residential block lies just south of the shopping centre on Walworth Road. "Elephant and Castle" has largely replaced the original name of the area — Newington.
The intersections route traffic arriving from and heading to the south-east of England along the A2 — called here the New Kent Road and then the Old Kent Road — and towards the south of England on the A3 as well as splitting traffic into the West End via St George's Road, and the City of London via London Road and Newington Causeway at the northern intersection. Newington Butts and Walworth Road adjoin the southern intersection. The whole junction system forms part of the London Inner Ring Road and part of the boundary of the London congestion charge zone.
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Elephant and Castle
Coordinates: 51°29′42″N 0°06′04″W / 51.495°N 0.101°W / 51.495; -0.101
The Elephant and Castle is a major road intersection in Central London, England, located in the London Borough of Southwark. It is also used as a name for the surrounding area.
The Elephant, as it is known for short, consists of major traffic intersections connected by a short road called Elephant and Castle, part of the A3. Between these intersections, on the eastern side, is the Elephant and Castle Shopping Centre, with an office block called Hannibal House on top. To the north of this, bounded by Newington Causeway and New Kent Road is a large residential block called Metro Central Heights. The 43-storey Strata residential block lies just south of the shopping centre on Walworth Road. "Elephant and Castle" has largely replaced the original name of the area — Newington.
The intersections route traffic arriving from and heading to the south-east of England along the A2 — called here the New Kent Road and then the Old Kent Road — and towards the south of England on the A3 as well as splitting traffic into the West End via St George's Road, and the City of London via London Road and Newington Causeway at the northern intersection. Newington Butts and Walworth Road adjoin the southern intersection. The whole junction system forms part of the London Inner Ring Road and part of the boundary of the London congestion charge zone.
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England
England
i/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
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Gipsy Hill
Coordinates: 51°25′22″N 0°05′05″W / 51.4229°N 0.0848°W / 51.4229; -0.0848
Gipsy Hill is an area of South London near Upper Norwood, it is considered to be part of Crystal Palace. This area of Gipsy Hill also includes the Central Hill estate. Gipsy Hill is also the name of an electoral ward on Lambeth Borough Council.
Gipsy Hill is the name of the main road that runs up and down the north side of the hill in postcode district SE19 and takes its name after a community of Gypsies (there is also nearby Rommany Road) or an Indian who formerly lived on the hill in Crystal Palace. It links Gipsy Road (formerly Gipsy House Road) and Alleyn Park with Westow Hill, Westow Street and Central Hill in Upper Norwood. It is in the south-east corner of London Borough of Lambeth with its Southern end up by Westow Street in London Borough of Croydon and its northern end down by Long Meadow (aka Bell Meadow) where the borough is Southwark.
Gipsy Hill Police Station is located on a road named Central Hill about 50 m from the top of the one named Gipsy Hill. It is London's highest Metropolitan Police station.
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Greater London
Greater London is the top-level administrative division of England covering London. It was created in 1965 and spans the City of London and the 32 London boroughs. This territory has the same boundaries as the London Government Office Region and the London European Parliament constituency. The region has by far the highest GVA per capita in the United Kingdom. It covers 1,572 km2 (607 sq mi) and had a 2009 mid-year estimated population of 7,753,600. The term Greater London was in use before 1965 to refer to a variously defined area, larger than the County of London and often similar to the Metropolitan Police District.
In addition to its administrative and statistical functions, Greater London (excluding the City of London) is one of the 48 ceremonial counties of England, and is under the Greater London Lieutenancy.
Instead of forming a single political unit, London is divided into the small, interior City of London and the much wider Greater London. This arrangement has come about because as the area of London grew and absorbed neighbouring settlements, a series of administrative reforms did not fully amalgamate the City of London with the metropolitan area, and its unique political structure was retained. Outside the limited boundaries of the old city, a variety of arrangements governed the wider area since 1855, culminating with the creation of the Greater London administrative area in 1965.
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Herne Hill
Coordinates: 51°27′16″N 0°05′37″W / 51.4544°N 0.0936°W / 51.4544; -0.0936
Herne Hill is a district in south London, England, approximately four miles from Charing Cross and bordered by Brixton, Denmark Hill, Dulwich, Loughborough Junction and Tulse Hill. It overlaps the boundary between the boroughs of Lambeth and Southwark. There is a road of the same name in the area (which is part of the A215 and was formerly called Herne Hill Road).
The area now known as Herne Hill was part of the Manor of Milkwell, which existed from at least 1291, and was a mixture of farms and woodland until the late 18th century. In 1783, Samuel Sanders (a timber merchant) bought the land now occupied by Denmark Hill and Herne Hill from the Manor; he then began granting leases for large plots of land to wealthy families.
The first known reference to Herne Hill was published in 1789. There are numerous suggestions for the origin of the name: it may have been previously called Heron's Hill, as the River Effra attracted a large number of herons; George and Benjamin Herne were residents in the 17th century; and there was a nearby field called Le Herne (c.1495), "the angle or corner of land".
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HMS Bounty
HMS Bounty, also known as HM Armed Vessel Bounty, was a small merchant vessel purchased by the Royal Navy for a botanical mission. The ship was sent to the Pacific Ocean to acquire breadfruit plants and transport them to British possessions in the West Indies. That mission was never completed, as disagreements between Lieutenant William Bligh and his acting Sailing Master led to a revolt by slightly under half of the crew and their seizure of the vessel on 28 April 1789, the Mutiny on the Bounty.
Bounty began her career as the collier Bethia, built in 1784 at the Blaydes shipyard in Hull. The vessel was purchased by the Royal Navy for £2,600 on 26 May 1787, refit, and renamed Bounty. She was a relatively small sailing ship at 215 tons, but had three masts and was full-rigged. After conversion for the breadfruit expedition, she mounted four 4-pounders (2 kg cannon) and ten swivel guns.
The ship had been purchased by the Royal Navy for a single mission in support of an experiment: she was to travel to Tahiti, pick up breadfruit plants, and transport them to the West Indies in hopes that they would grow well there and become a cheap source of food for slaves. The experiment was proposed by Sir Joseph Banks, who recommended William Bligh as commander, who in turn was promoted through a prize offered by the Royal Society of Arts.
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Holborn
Coordinates: 51°31′02″N 0°07′06″W / 51.5172°N 0.1182°W / 51.5172; -0.1182
Holborn ( /ˈhoʊbərn/ HOH-bərn) is an area of central London and also the name of the area's principal street, known as High Holborn between St. Giles's High Street and Gray's Inn Road (the junction being roughly where Holborn Bar — the entrance to the City of London — once was) and then Holborn Viaduct between Holborn Circus and Newgate Street. The street since boundary changes in 1994 runs along the boundary between the London Borough of Camden and the City of London; previously the boundary was less obvious in the area and crossed the street at Holborn Bar.
The area's first mention is in a charter of Westminster Abbey, by King Edgar, dated to 959. This mentions "the old wooden church of St Andrew" (St Andrew, Holborn). The name Holborn may be derived from the Middle English "hol" for hollow, and bourne, a brook, referring to the River Fleet as it ran through a steep valley to the east. Historical cartographer William Shepherd in his Plan of London about 1300 labels the Fleet as "Hole Bourn" where it passes to the east of St Andrew's church. However, the 16th century historian John Stow attributes the name to the Old Bourne ("old brook"), a small stream which he believed ran into the Fleet at Holborn Bridge, a structure lost when the river was culverted in 1732. The exact course of the stream is uncertain, but according to Stow it started in one of the many small springs near Holborn Bar, the old City toll gate on the summit of Holborn Hill. This is supported by a map of London and Westminster created during the reign of Henry VIII that clearly marks the street as 'Oldbourne' and 'High Oldbourne'. Other historians, however, find the theory implausible, in view of the slope of the land.
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Houses of Parliament
The Palace of Westminster, also known as the Houses of Parliament or Westminster Palace, is the meeting place of the two houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom—the House of Lords and the House of Commons. It lies on the north bank of the River Thames in the heart of the London borough of the City of Westminster, close to the historic Westminster Abbey and the government buildings of Whitehall and Downing Street. The name may refer to either of two structures: the Old Palace, a medieval building complex, most of which burned in 1834, and its replacement New Palace that stands today. For ceremonial purposes, the palace retains its original style and status as a royal residence.
The first royal palace was built on the site in the eleventh century, and Westminster was the primary London residence of the Kings of England until a fire destroyed much of the complex in 1512. After that, it served as the home of Parliament, which had been meeting there since the thirteenth century, and the seat of the Royal Courts of Justice, based in and around Westminster Hall. In 1834, an even greater fire ravaged the heavily rebuilt Houses of Parliament, and the only structures of significance to survive were Westminster Hall, the Cloisters of St Stephen's, the Chapel of St Mary Undercroft and the Jewel Tower.
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Hyde Park Corner
Coordinates: 51°30′10″N 0°9′4.5″W / 51.50278°N 0.15125°W / 51.50278; -0.15125
Hyde Park Corner is a place in London, at the south-east corner of Hyde Park. It is a major intersection where Park Lane, Knightsbridge, Piccadilly, Grosvenor Place and Constitution Hill converge. The closest tube station is Hyde Park Corner.
In the centre of the roundabout stands Constitution Arch (or Wellington Arch), designed by Decimus Burton as a memorial to the Duke of Wellington and originally providing a grand entrance to London. It was built as a northern gate to the grounds of Buckingham Palace. Originally the arch was topped with an equestrian statue of the Duke by Matthew Cotes Wyatt, but it was replaced with the current work, The Angel of Peace descending on the Quadriga of Victory (1912) by Adrian Jones.
Other monuments at Hyde Park Corner include Jones's Monument to the Cavalry of the Empire (off the west side of Park Lane), Alexander Munro's Boy and Dolphin statue (in a rose garden parallel to Rotten Row, going west from Hyde Park Corner), the Wellington Monument (off the west side of Park Lane) and a statue of Byron (on a traffic island opposite the Wellington Monument).
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Kennington
Coordinates: 51°28′53″N 0°07′11″W / 51.4813°N 0.1197°W / 51.4813; -0.1197
Kennington is a district situated in South London, England. It is within Inner London and is mainly within the London Borough of Lambeth, although part of the area is within the London Borough of Southwark.
It is the location of the Imperial War Museum, a national museum, and The Oval, an international cricket ground.
Kennington is situated 1.4 miles (2.3 km) south-east of Charing Cross. It is primarily a residential area, and it is a Royal manor of historical significance. Within the London post town, the district postcode for Kennington is SE11. The district is within the 020 London dialling code. Most subscriber numbers begin 77xx.
Three London Borough of Lambeth wards include Kennington: Oval, Prince's and Vassall. One London Borough of Southwark ward includes Kennington: Cathedrals (ward). The Member of Parliament for Kennington (within the Vauxhall borough constituency) is Kate Hoey (Labour Party). The population of Kennington, recorded by the 2011 Census (taking into account Oval and Prince's wards), was 21,287.
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Kennington Common
Coordinates: 51°29′3″N 0°6′32″W / 51.48417°N 0.10889°W / 51.48417; -0.10889 Kennington Park is in Kennington in London, England, and lies between Kennington Park Road and St Agnes Place. It was opened in 1854. Previously the site had been Kennington Common. This is where the Chartists gathered for their biggest 'monster rally' on 10 April 1848. Soon after this demonstration the common was enclosed and, sponsored by the royals, made into a public park.
Kennington Common was a site of public executions until 1800 as well as being an area for public speaking. Some of the most illustrious orators to speak here were Methodist founders George Whitefield and John Wesley who is reputed to have attracted a crowd of 30,000.
The common was one of the earliest London cricket venues and is known to have been used for major cricket matches in 1724. Kennington Park hosts the first inner London community cricket ground, sponsored by Surrey County Cricket Club whose home, The Oval, is close to the park.
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Kennington Park
Coordinates: 51°29′3″N 0°6′32″W / 51.48417°N 0.10889°W / 51.48417; -0.10889 Kennington Park is in Kennington in London, England, and lies between Kennington Park Road and St Agnes Place. It was opened in 1854. Previously the site had been Kennington Common. This is where the Chartists gathered for their biggest 'monster rally' on 10 April 1848. Soon after this demonstration the common was enclosed and, sponsored by the royals, made into a public park.
Kennington Common was a site of public executions until 1800 as well as being an area for public speaking. Some of the most illustrious orators to speak here were Methodist founders George Whitefield and John Wesley who is reputed to have attracted a crowd of 30,000.
The common was one of the earliest London cricket venues and is known to have been used for major cricket matches in 1724. Kennington Park hosts the first inner London community cricket ground, sponsored by Surrey County Cricket Club whose home, The Oval, is close to the park.
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Kennington Park Road
Kennington Park Road is a main road in south-east London, England, and is part of the A3 trunk road. It runs from Newington Butts at its Y-junction with Kennington Lane, south-west to the Oval, where the A3 continues as Clapham Road, towards Stockwell. At this crossroads junction, Camberwell New Road and Kennington Oval head towards Camberwell Green and Vauxhall respectively.
Heading south, the street first passes Kennington station and then Kennington Park.
It is part of the Roman Stane Street, from London to Chichester.
The Lincoln Tower built by Christopher Newman Hall in the late nineteenth century in memory of Abraham Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation is situated close to the junction with Westminster Bridge Road along with the modernist Christ Church and Upton Chapel that replaces Newman Hall's Victorian gothic chapel that was destroyed during the Second World War. The Street has been home to the City and Guilds of London Art School (formerly Lambeth School of Art) since 1879.
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Kennington Road
Kennington Road is a long straight road, approximately a mile in length, in the London Borough of Lambeth in London, England, running south from Westminster Bridge Road (at the junction with Baylis Road to the north-east) to Kennington Park Road.
The road is designated as the A23. Formerly open land, in 1751, a year after Westminster Bridge was opened, it was constructed by the Turnpike Trustees to improve communication from the bridge to routes south of the river Thames. With the growing popularity of Brighton as a resort in the later eighteenth century it became part of the route there, used by George IV on his excursions there and later for other London to Brighton events such as the London to Brighton Veteran Car Run.
Lambeth North tube station is located at the north end of the road at the junction with Westminster Bridge Road. The Imperial War Museum (formerly the Bethlem Royal Hospital) is to the east, in Geraldine Mary Harmsworth Park, south of the junction with Lambeth Road (A3203). Kennington Park is to the south.
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King's Bench Prison
The King's Bench Prison was a prison in Southwark, south London, from medieval times until it closed in 1880. It took its name from the King's Bench court of law in which cases of defamation, bankruptcy and other misdemeanours were heard; as such, the prison was often used as a debtor's prison until the practice was abolished in the 1860s. In 1842, it was renamed the Queen's Prison, and later became the Southwark Convict Prison.
The first prison was originally constructed from two houses and was situated in Angel Place, off Borough High Street, Southwark - as with other judicial buildings it was often targeted during uprisings, being burned in 1381 and 1450. During the reign of King Henry VIII, new prison buildings were constructed within an enclosing brick wall. This was eventually demolished in 1761.
Its 1758 replacement was built at a cost of £7800 on a 4-acre (16,000 m2) site close to St George's Fields (south of Borough Road, close to its junction with Blackman Street/Newington Causeway, and a short distance from Horsemonger Lane Gaol; today the site is occupied by the Scovell housing estate). Although much larger and better appointed than some other London prisons, the new King's Bench still gained a reputation for being dirty, overcrowded and prone to outbreaks of typhus. Debtors had to provide their own bedding, food and drink. Those who could afford it purchased 'Liberty of the Rules' allowing them to live within three square miles of the prison.
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Lambeth
Coordinates: 51°29′25″N 0°07′09″W / 51.4903°N 0.1193°W / 51.4903; -0.1193
Lambeth is a district in South London, England, located in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is situated 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of Charing Cross.
The name is recorded in 1062 as Lambehitha, meaning 'landing place for lambs', and in 1255 as Lambeth. The name refers to a harbour where lambs were either shipped from or to. It is formed from the Old English 'lamb' and 'hythe.South Lambeth is recorded as Sutlamehethe in 1241 and North Lambeth is recorded in 1319 as North Lamhuth. The marshland in the area, known as Lambeth Marshe, was drained in the 18th century but is remembered in the Lower Marsh street name. Sometime after the opening of Waterloo railway station in 1848 the locality around the station and Lower Marsh became known as Waterloo.
The current district of Lambeth was part of the large ancient parish of Lambeth St Mary in the Brixton hundred of Surrey. It was an elongated north-south parish with a two mile River Thames frontage to the west. In the north it lay opposite the cities of London and Westminster and extended southwards to cover the contemporary districts of Brixton, West Dulwich and West Norwood, almost reaching Crystal Palace. Lambeth became part of the Metropolitan Police District in 1829. It continued as a single parish for Poor Law purposes after the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 and a single parish governed by a vestry after the introduction of the Metropolitan Board of Works in 1855. In 1889 it became part of the county of London and the parish and vestry were reformed in 1900 to become the Metropolitan Borough of Lambeth, governed by Lambeth Borough Council. In the reform of local government in 1965 the Streatham and Clapham areas that had formed part of the Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth were combined with Lambeth to form the London Borough of Lambeth.
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Lambeth Bridge
Coordinates: 51°29′40″N 0°07′23″W / 51.49444°N 0.12306°W / 51.49444; -0.12306
Lambeth Bridge is a road traffic and footbridge crossing the River Thames in an east-west direction in central London, England; the river flows north at the crossing point. Downstream, the next bridge is Westminster Bridge; upstream the next is Vauxhall Bridge.
The most conspicuous colour in the bridge's paint scheme is red, the same colour as the leather benches in the House of Lords which is at the southern end of the Palace of Westminster nearest the bridge. This is in contrast to Westminster Bridge which is predominantly green, the same colour as the benches in the House of Commons at the northern end of the Houses of Parliament.
On the east side, in Lambeth are Lambeth Palace, the Albert Embankment, St. Thomas' Hospital, and the International Maritime Organization. On the west side, in Westminster, are Thames House (the headquarters of MI5), behind which is Horseferry House (the National Probation Service headquarters), and Clelland House and Abell House (the headquarters of HM Prison Service), and the Millbank Tower and Tate Britain. The Palace of Westminster is a short walk downstream to the north through the Victoria Tower Garden.
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Lambeth Palace
Coordinates: 51°29′44″N 0°7′11″W / 51.49556°N 0.11972°W / 51.49556; -0.11972
Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury in England. It is located in Lambeth, on the south bank of the River Thames a short distance upstream of the Palace of Westminster on the opposite shore. It was acquired by the archbishopric around 1200. It is bounded by Lambeth Palace Road to the north and west and Lambeth Road to the south.
The south bank of the Thames, not part of historic London, developed slowly because the land was low and sodden: it was called Lambeth Marsh, as far downriver as the present Blackfriars Road. The name "Lambeth" embodies "hithe", a landing on the river: archbishops came and went by water, as did John Wycliff, who was tried here for heresy. In the English peasants' revolt of 1381 the Palace was attacked.
The oldest remaining part of the palace is the Early English chapel. The so-called Lollard’s Tower, which retains evidence of its use as a prison in the 17th century, dates from 1440. There is a fine Tudor brick gatehouse built by Cardinal John Morton in 1495. Cardinal Pole lay in state in the palace for 40 days after he died there in 1558. The fig tree in the palace courtyard is possibly grown from a slip taken from one of the White Marseille figs reputedly planted by Cardinal Pole. In 1786 there were three ancient figs, two "nailed against the wall" and still noted in 1826 as "two uncommonly fine... traditionally reported to have been planted by Cardinal Pole, and fixed against that part of the palace believed to have been founded by him. They are of the white Marseilles sort, and still bear delicious fruit. ...On the south side of the building, in a small private garden, is another tree of the same kind and age." By 1882 their place had been taken by several massive offshoots.
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Lewisham
Coordinates: 51°27′41″N 0°00′19″W / 51.461456°N 0.00537°W / 51.461456; -0.00537
Lewisham /lˈʊɪʃəm/ is a district in South London, England, located in the London Borough of Lewisham. It is situated 6.2 miles (10.0 km) south-east of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
It is most likely to have been founded by a pagan Jute, Leof, who settled (by burning his boat) near St Mary's Church (Ladywell) where the ground was drier, in the 6th century. As to the etymology of the name, Daniel Lysons (1796) wrote:
"In the most ancient Saxon records this place is called Levesham, that is, the house among the meadows; leswe, læs, læse, or læsew, in the Saxon, signifies a meadow, and ham, a dwelling. It is now written, as well in parochial and other records as in common usage, Lewisham." "Leofshema" was an important settlement at the confluence of the rivers Quaggy (from Farnborough) and Ravensbourne (Caesar's Well, Keston), so the village expanded north into the wetter area as drainage techniques improved. In the mid-seventeenth century, then-vicar of Lewisham, Abraham Colfe, built a grammar school, primary school and six almshouses for the inhabitants. On 5 September 1711 William Legge, the Earl of Dartmouth became the (hereditary) Viscount Lewisham The village of Lewisham was originally centred further south around the parish church of St Mary, towards the present site of University Hospital Lewisham. The centre migrated north with the coming of the North Kent railway line to Dartford in 1849, encouraging commuter housing. Lewisham was administratively part of Kent until 1889, and formed part of the Metropolitan Borough of Lewisham in the County of London until 1965.
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London Bridge
Coordinates: 51°30′29″N 0°05′16″W / 51.50806°N 0.08778°W / 51.50806; -0.08778
London Bridge is a bridge over the River Thames, connecting the City of London and Southwark, in central London. Situated between Cannon Street Railway Bridge and Tower Bridge, it forms the western end of the Pool of London. On the south side of the bridge are Southwark Cathedral and London Bridge station; on the north side are the Monument to the Great Fire of London and Monument tube station.
It was the only bridge over the Thames downstream from Kingston until Putney Bridge opened in 1729. The current bridge opened on 17 March 1973 and is the latest in a succession of bridges to occupy the spot and claim the name.
The bridge carries part of the A3 road, which is maintained by the Greater London Authority; the bridge itself is owned and maintained by the Bridge House Estates, an independent charity overseen by the City of London Corporation. The area between London Bridge and Tower Bridge on the south side of the Thames is a business improvement district (BID) and is managed by Team London Bridge.
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London Fire Brigade
The London Fire Brigade (LFB) is the statutory fire and rescue service for London.
Founded in 1865, it is the largest of the fire services in the United Kingdom and the fourth-largest in the world (after the Tokyo Fire Department, New York City Fire Department and Paris Fire Brigade) with nearly 7,000 staff, including 5,800 operational firefighters based in 112 fire stations.
Ron Dobson is the Commissioner for Fire and Emergency Planning, which includes the position of Chief Fire Officer. Dobson replaced Sir Ken Knight in 2007; Knight had been Commissioner since 2003. Statutory responsibility for the running of the LFB lies with the London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority.
In 2008/09 the LFB received 229,308 999 calls, of which it mobilised to 138,385. These included 29,215 fires, of which 13,841 were of a serious nature, making it one of the busiest fire services in the world. In the same period, it received 6,022 hoax calls, the highest number of any UK fire service, but only mobilised to 2,653 of them.
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Lower Marsh Market
Lower Marsh Market is a street market on Lower Marsh, in the Waterloo neighbourhood adjacent to Waterloo railway station in the London Borough of Lambeth.
Coordinates: 51°30′04″N 0°06′43″W / 51.50122°N 0.11194°W / 51.50122; -0.11194
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Marble Arch
Coordinates: 51°30′47″N 0°9′32″W / 51.51306°N 0.15889°W / 51.51306; -0.15889
Marble Arch is a white Carrara marble monument that now stands on a large traffic island at the junction of Oxford Street, Park Lane, and Edgware Road, almost directly opposite Speakers' Corner in Hyde Park in London, England. Until 1851 it stood in front of Buckingham Palace.
Historically, only members of the royal family and the King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery, have been allowed to pass through the arch in ceremonial procession.
The name "Marble Arch" also refers to the locality in west London where the arch is situated, particularly, the southern portion of Edgware Road. There also is an underground station named after it.
The arch was designed in 1825 by John Nash as ceremonial entrance to the courtyard of the new Buckingham Palace, which he was then rebuilding from the former Buckingham House. The palace, as designed by Nash, was laid out around three sides of the courtyard., with the Marble Arch placed on its open, eastern side.
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Morden
Coordinates: 51°24′05″N 0°11′42″W / 51.4015°N 0.1949°W / 51.4015; -0.1949
Morden is a district in the London Borough of Merton. It is located approximately 8 miles (13 km) South-southwest of central London between Merton Park (to the north), Mitcham (to the east), Sutton (to the south) and Worcester Park (to the west).
Morden might get its name either from the British language words Mawr (great or large) and Dun (a fort), or possibly "The Town on the Moor".
Human activity in Morden dates back to the prehistoric period when Celtic tribes are known to have occupied areas around Wimbledon, but the first significant development in Morden was the construction of the Roman road called Stane Street from Chichester to London.
The route of Stane Street through Morden followed the current A24, London Road up Stonecot Hill from the south west crossing Morden Park to the west of the current dual carriageway road and passing through the pitch and putt golf course and the grounds of St Lawrence's Church. The road then descended the other side of the hill towards the town centre passing west of the Underground station and crossing the north corner of Morden Hall Park heading in the direction of Colliers Wood and Tooting. Small Roman artifacts, mainly coins and pottery, have been found at various locations within the area although there is no evidence of any settlement.
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New Cross
Coordinates: 51°28′15″N 0°02′01″W / 51.4709°N 0.0337°W / 51.4709; -0.0337
New Cross is a district and ward of the London Borough of Lewisham, England. It is situated 4 miles south-east of Charing Cross. The ward covered by London post town and the SE 14 postcode district. New Cross is near St Johns, Telegraph Hill, Nunhead, Peckham, Brockley, Deptford and Greenwich. New Cross is home to Goldsmiths, University of London, Haberdashers' Aske's Hatcham College and Addey and Stanhope School.
New Cross Gate, on the west of New Cross, is named after the New Cross tollgate, established in 1718 by the New Cross Turnpike Trust. It is the location of New Cross Gate station. New Cross Gate corresponds to the manor and district formerly known as Hatcham.
The area was originally known as Hatcham (the name persists in the title of the Anglican parishes of St. James, Hatcham along with its school, and All Saints, Hatcham Park). The earliest reference to Hatcham is the Domesday Book of 1086 as Hacheham. It was held by the Bishop of Lisieux from the Bishop of Bayeux. According to the entry in the Domesday Book Hatcham's assets were: 3 hides; 3 ploughs, 6 acres (24,000 m2) of meadow, woodland worth 3 hog and rendered £2.
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Newington, London
Coordinates: 51°29′56″N 0°05′24″W / 51.4988°N 0.0901°W / 51.4988; -0.0901
Newington is a district of London, England, and part of the London Borough of Southwark. It was an ancient parish and the site of the early administration of the county of Surrey. It was the location of the County of London Sessions House from 1917, in a building now occupied by the Inner London Crown Court.
The name means "new farmstead" or the newer part of the manor of Walworth but because of its position on the principal road to the south-coast (Stane Street) subsumed it. The first mention of Newington (or Neweton) occurs in the Testa de Nevill (a survey of feudal tenure officially known as the Book of Fees compiled 1198-1242) during the reign of Henry III, wherein it is stated that the queen's goldsmith holds of the king one acre of land in Neweton, by the service of rendering a gallon of honey. In 1313 it is mentioned again in the Archbishop of Canterbury's Register as Newington juxta London. The name survives now in the street names Newington Causeway and Newington Butts and in the open space Newington Gardens, formerly the location of Horsemonger Lane Gaol from 1791. Newington Ward is one of three local council wards in Walworth, covering the area from the West side of Walworth road up to the border with Lambeth.
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North Downs
The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England that stretch from Farnham in Surrey to the White Cliffs of Dover in Kent. The North Downs lie within two Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs), the Surrey Hills and the Kent Downs. The North Downs Way National Trail runs along the North Downs from Farnham to Dover.
'Downs' is from Old English dun meaning, amongst other things, 'hill'. The word acquired the sense of 'elevated rolling grassland' around the fourteenth century. These hills are prefixed 'north' to distinguish them from the morphologically similar range of hills - the South Downs - which run roughly parallel to them but some 50 km (31 mi) to the south.
The narrow spine of the Hog's Back between Farnham and Guildford forms the western extremity of the North Downs whilst the cliffs between Folkestone and Deal terminate the ridge in the east. There are two distinct aspects, the steep south facing escarpment and the gentle north facing dip slope. The southern boundary is defined by the foot of the escarpment which gives way to the flat, broad clay lands between the Downs and Greensand Ridge known as the Vale of Holmesdale. The northern boundary is less apparent but occurs where the chalk submerges below the more recent Paleocene deposits.
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North Lambeth
Coordinates: 51°29′25″N 0°07′09″W / 51.4903°N 0.1193°W / 51.4903; -0.1193
Lambeth is a district in South London, England, located in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is situated 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of Charing Cross.
The name is recorded in 1062 as Lambehitha, meaning 'landing place for lambs', and in 1255 as Lambeth. The name refers to a harbour where lambs were either shipped from or to. It is formed from the Old English 'lamb' and 'hythe.South Lambeth is recorded as Sutlamehethe in 1241 and North Lambeth is recorded in 1319 as North Lamhuth. The marshland in the area, known as Lambeth Marshe, was drained in the 18th century but is remembered in the Lower Marsh street name. Sometime after the opening of Waterloo railway station in 1848 the locality around the station and Lower Marsh became known as Waterloo.
The current district of Lambeth was part of the large ancient parish of Lambeth St Mary in the Brixton hundred of Surrey. It was an elongated north-south parish with a two mile River Thames frontage to the west. In the north it lay opposite the cities of London and Westminster and extended southwards to cover the contemporary districts of Brixton, West Dulwich and West Norwood, almost reaching Crystal Palace. Lambeth became part of the Metropolitan Police District in 1829. It continued as a single parish for Poor Law purposes after the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 and a single parish governed by a vestry after the introduction of the Metropolitan Board of Works in 1855. In 1889 it became part of the county of London and the parish and vestry were reformed in 1900 to become the Metropolitan Borough of Lambeth, governed by Lambeth Borough Council. In the reform of local government in 1965 the Streatham and Clapham areas that had formed part of the Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth were combined with Lambeth to form the London Borough of Lambeth.
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Old Kent Road
The Old Kent Road is a road in South East London, England and forms part of Watling Street, the Roman road which ran from Dover to Holyhead. The street is famous as the equal cheapest property on the London Monopoly board and as the only one in South London.
Chaucer's pilgrims travelled along this route from London and Southwark on their way to Canterbury. At what is the junction with the presently named Shornecliff Road was the bridge crossing of 'St Thomas-a-Waterings', over a small brook, which marked a boundary in the Archbishop of Canterbury's authority of the nearby manors in Southwark and Walworth. The landmark pub, nearby, the 'Thomas a Becket', derives its name from this connection. As such it was a place of execution for criminals whose bodies were left in gibbets at this spot, the principal route from the south-east to the City of London. The fate of burning to death or hanging, drawing and quartering of religious dissenters, both Catholic and Protestant, also occurred here. The Catholics John Jones in 1598 and John Rigby in 1600 met their end here.
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Oval (ward)
Oval ward is an administrative area in the London Borough of Lambeth, United Kingdom. Its name refers to The Oval, a cricket ground in the ward and the Oval neighbourhood around it.
Oval ward is in the Vauxhall parliamentary constituency and is one of four wards in the borough's north Lambeth division. It includes part of Kennington and some of the River Thames. Its population is around 12,000.
At the Lambeth Council elections, 2010 residents of Oval ward elected two Labour Party Councillors and one Liberal Democrat Councillor.
Coordinates: 51°28′59″N 0°07′05″W / 51.483°N 0.118°W / 51.483; -0.118
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Oval, London
Coordinates: 51°28′53″N 0°07′11″W / 51.4813°N 0.1197°W / 51.4813; -0.1197
Oval is a geographically small area of Kennington, South London, in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is situated 2.1 miles (3.38 km) to the south-east of Charing Cross. Oval straddles the border of south-west London and south-east London, and is where the postcode SE11 converges with the postcodes SW8 and SW9. Oval is best known for The Oval cricket ground, the home-ground of Surrey County Cricket Club.
Oval is within the borough constituency of Vauxhall. The Member of Parliament for the area is Kate Hoey of the Labour Party.
The land here was, from the seventeenth century, used for a market garden. The name "Oval" emerged from a street layout which was originated in 1790 but never completely built. The Montpelier Cricket Club leased ten acres of land from the Duchy of Cornwall in 1844, and Surrey County Cricket Club was formed soon thereafter at a meeting at the Horns Tavern (since demolished) on Kennington Park Road.
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Oxford University
Coordinates: 51°45′40″N 1°15′12″W / 51.7611°N 1.2534°W / 51.7611; -1.2534
The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University or Oxford) is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096. The University grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. In post-nominals, the University of Oxford was historically abbreviated as Oxon. (from the Latin Oxoniensis), although Oxf is now used in official university publications.
After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled north-east to Cambridge, where they established what became the University of Cambridge. The two ancient English universities have many common features and are often jointly referred to as Oxbridge. In addition to their cultural and practical associations, as a historic part of British society, they have a long history of rivalry with each other.
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Paddington
Coordinates: 51°31′02″N 0°10′23″W / 51.5172°N 0.1730°W / 51.5172; -0.1730
Paddington is a district within the City of Westminster, in central London, England. Formerly a metropolitan borough, it was integrated with Westminster and Greater London in 1965. Three important landmarks of the district are Paddington station, designed by the celebrated engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel and opened in 1847; St Mary's Hospital and Paddington Green Police Station (the most important high-security police station in the United Kingdom).
A major project called Paddington Waterside aims to regenerate former railway and canal land between 1998 and 2018, and the area is seeing many new developments.
The earliest extant reference to Padington, historically a part of Middlesex, was made in 1056.[citation needed]
In the later Elizabethan and early Stuart era, the rectory and associated estate houses were occupied by the Small (or Smale) family. Nicholas Small was a clothworker sufficiently well connected to have his new wife's (Jane Small) portrait painted by Holbein. Nicholas died in 1565 and his wife married again, to Nicholas Parkinson, who also resided in Paddington. Parkinson went on to be the Master of the Clothworker's company. Jane Small continued to live in Paddington after her second husband's death, and her manor house was big enough to have been let to Sir John Popham, the attorney general, in the 1580s. At this time there was an inn attached to the estate, named Blowers.
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Paddington Basin
Paddington Basin is an area of Paddington, London named after the nearby canal basin.
The junction of the Regent's Canal and the Grand Junction Canal is close to this point but the basin itself is the terminus of the Paddington Arm of the Grand Junction Canal. It was opened in 1801. Paddington was chosen because of its position on the New Road which led to the east, providing for onward transport. In its heyday, the basin was a major transshipment facility, and a hive of activity.
A consortium in partnership with British Waterways began work in January 2000 by draining the basin.
The basin is now the centre of a major redevelopment as part of the wider Paddington Waterside scheme and is surrounded by modern buildings. It is the site of The Rolling Bridge, built in 2004.
Marks & Spencer Head Office is now located here after moving from their Baker Street site in 2004.
The nearest London Underground stations are Edgware Road and Paddington, the latter also being served by National Rail.
Coordinates: 51°31′06″N 0°10′25″W / 51.518471°N 0.17355°W / 51.518471; -0.17355
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Palace of Whitehall
Coordinates: 51°30′16″N 0°7′32″W / 51.50444°N 0.12556°W / 51.50444; -0.12556
The Palace of Whitehall (or Palace of White Hall) was the main residence of the English monarchs in London from 1530 until 1698 when all except Inigo Jones's 1622 Banqueting House was destroyed by fire. Before the fire it had grown to be the largest palace in Europe, with over 1,500 rooms, overtaking the Vatican and Versailles. The palace gives its name, Whitehall, to the road on which many of the current administrative buildings of the UK government are situated, and hence metonymically to the central government itself.
At its most expansive, the palace extended over much of the area currently bordered by Northumberland Avenue in the north; to Downing Street and nearly to Derby Gate in the south; and from roughly the elevations of the current buildings facing Horse Guards Road in the west, to the then banks of the river Thames in the east (the construction of Victoria Embankment has since reclaimed more land from the Thames)—a total of about 23 acres (93,000 m2).
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Peckham
Coordinates: 51°28′17″N 0°03′45″W / 51.4714°N 0.0625°W / 51.4714; -0.0625
Peckham ( /ˈpɛkəm/) is a district in south London, England, located in the London Borough of Southwark. It is situated 3.5 miles (5.6 km) south-east of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. The 2001 Census recorded a population of 11,381 in the Peckham ward of Southwark and the Office for National Statistics estimated 19,500 residents in the Peckham Community Council area in 2005.
'Peckham' is a Saxon place name meaning the village of the River Peck, a small stream that ran through the district until it was enclosed in 1823. Archaeological evidence indicates earlier Roman occupation in the area, although the name of this settlement is lost.
Peckham appears in Domesday Book of 1086 as Pecheham. It was held by the Bishop of Lisieux from the Bishop of Bayeux. Its Domesday assets were: 2 hides. It had land for 1 plough, 2 acres (8,100 m2) of meadow. It rendered £1 10s 0d (£1.50).
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Pimlico
Coordinates: 51°29′19″N 0°08′22″W / 51.4887°N 0.1395°W / 51.4887; -0.1395
Pimlico /ˈpɪmlɨkoʊ/ is a small area of central London in the City of Westminster. Like Belgravia, to which it was built as a southern extension, Pimlico is known for its grand garden squares and impressive Regency architecture.
The area is separated from Belgravia to the north by Victoria Railway Station, and bounded by the River Thames to the south, Vauxhall Bridge Road to the east and the former Grosvenor Canal to the west.
At Pimlico's heart is a highly disciplined grid of residential streets laid down by the planner Thomas Cubitt beginning in 1825 and now protected as the Pimlico Conservation Area. Pimlico is also home to the pre-World War II Dolphin Square development and the pioneering Churchill Gardens and Lillington Gardens estates, now designated conservation areas in their own right. The area has over 350 Grade II listed buildings and several Grade II* listed Churches.
Notable residents have included politician Winston Churchill, designer Laura Ashley, philosopher Swami Vivekananda, actor Laurence Olivier, illustrator and author Aubrey Beardsley, Kenyan nationalist Jomo Kenyatta and inventor of lawn tennis Major Walter Wingfield.
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Prince's (ward)
Prince's ward is an is an administrative division of the London Borough of Lambeth, United Kingdom. It is located in the North of the borough, bounded by the river Thames and Kennington Park Road. It is made up of much of Kennington and Vauxhall.
Prince's ward is located in the Vauxhall parliamentary constituency and is one of four wards in the borough's north Lambeth division.
At the Lambeth Council elections, 2010 residents of Prince's ward elected three Labour Party Councillors.
Coordinates: 51°29′31″N 0°06′54″W / 51.492°N 0.115°W / 51.492; -0.115
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Purcell Room
The Purcell Room is a concert and performance venue which forms part of the Southbank Centre, one of central London's leading cultural complexes. It is named after the 17th century English composer Henry Purcell and has 370 seats.
The Purcell Room hosts a wide range of chamber music, jazz, mime and poetry recitals. Access is via the same foyer as for the Queen Elizabeth Hall (QEH), most easily reached from the upper riverside terrace of the Royal Festival Hall.
In the context of the Southbank Centre it is the smallest of a set of three venues, the other two being the Royal Festival Hall, a large symphony hall, and the QEH, which is used for orchestral, chamber and contemporary amplified music.
The Purcell Room was built at the same time as the QEH, with which it shares a common foyer building and architectural features as an example of Brutalist architecture. The focus of the building is its interior space and it makes few concessions to external decoration. From outside, even its position within Southbank Centre is not easy to discern. The QEH and Purcell Room were designed, with The Hayward, as additions to the Southbank Centre arts complex by Hubert Bennett, head of the architects department of the Greater London Council, with Jack Whittle, F.G West and Geoffrey Horsefall.
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Queen Elizabeth Hall
The Queen Elizabeth Hall (QEH) is a music venue on the South Bank in London, United Kingdom that hosts daily classical, jazz, and avant-garde music and dance performances. The QEH forms part of Southbank Centre arts complex and stands alongside the Royal Festival Hall, which was built for the Festival of Britain of 1951, and the Hayward Gallery. It stands on the former site of a Shot Tower, built as part of a lead works in 1826 and retained for the Festival of Britain.
The QEH has over 900 seats and the Purcell Room in the same building has 360 seats. These two auditoriums were built together by Higgs and Hill and opened in March 1967. They were designed as additions to the Southbank Centre arts complex, with The Hayward (opened in October 1968), by Hubert Bennett, head of the architects department of the Greater London Council, with Jack Whittle, F.G West and Geoffrey Horsefall.
The sculpture Zerman in stainless steel (by William Pye, 1972) stands on the riverside terrace of the QEH.
The QEH is in an example of brutalist architecture. The design was intended to show to a high degree the separate masses and elements of the building, in order to avoid competing with the scale and presence of the Royal Festival Hall. The QEH uses minimal decoration and was designed to allow circulation at multiple levels around the building. The focus is primarily on the internal spaces, which have very limited fenestration except for the (deeply inset) sweep along the river frontage of the foyer building.
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River Effra
The River Effra is a river in south London, England. It is now mainly underground. The name cannot be traced back much earlier than 1840, so speculation that it came from a Celtic word for torrent is unwarranted. Probably it is also unrelated to the heah yfre 'high bank' at the river mouth mentioned in an Anglo-Saxon charter.
When the London sewerage system was constructed during the mid-19th century, its designer Sir Joseph Bazalgette incorporated flows from the River Effra into his 'high-level interceptor sewer', also known as the Effra sewer, running from Herne Hill eastwards under Peckham and New Cross to Deptford.
The main course of the River Effra was diverted into a sewer and culverts. It can be accessed through the sewers on Effra Road in Brixton, South London and through a drainage grate in the crypts under St. Luke's Church, West Norwood, South London.
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Royal Festival Hall
The Royal Festival Hall is a 2,900-seat concert, dance and talks venue within Southbank Centre in London. It is situated on the South Bank of the River Thames, not far from Hungerford Bridge. It is a Grade I listed building - the first post-war building to become so protected (in 1981) . The London Philharmonic Orchestra and Philharmonia Orchestras perform the majority of their London concerts in the hall.
The hall was built as part of the Festival of Britain by Holland, Hannen & Cubitts for London County Council, and was officially opened on 3 May 1951. When the Greater London Council (LCC's successor) was abolished in 1986, the Hall was taken over by the Arts Council. Since the late 1980s the hall has operated an 'open foyers' policy, opening up the substantial foyer spaces to the public throughout the day, even if there are no performances. This has proved very popular and the foyers are now one of the most used public spaces in London.
Each year Southbank Centre puts on a festival known as "Meltdown". In 2010 the festival was curated by Richard Thompson and featured events across the Royal Festival Hall and Queen Elizabeth Hall.
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Royal Oak
The Royal Oak is the English oak tree within which King Charles II of England hid to escape the Roundheads following the Battle of Worcester in 1651. The tree was located in Boscobel Wood, which was part of the park of Boscobel House. Charles confirmed to Samuel Pepys in 1680 that while he was hiding in the tree, a Parliamentarian soldier passed directly below it. The story was popular after the Restoration, and is remembered every year in the English traditions of Royal Oak Day. Numerous large dishes painted in slip with the Boscobel Oak, supported by the Lion and Unicorn, with the king's face peeping from the branches were made by the Staffordshire potter Thomas Toft.
After the defeat of Charles's Royalist army at the hands of Cromwell's New Model Army, the King fled with Lord Derby, Lord Wilmot and other royalists, seeking shelter at the safe houses of White Ladies Priory and Boscobel House.
Initially, Charles was led to White Ladies Priory by Charles Giffard, a cousin of the owner, and his servant Francis Yates, the only man subsequently executed for his part in the escape. There, the Penderel (Pendrell or Pendrill) family, tenants and servants of the Giffard family began to play important roles in guiding and caring for him. The King was disguised as a woodman by Charles Giffard and the Penderel family. From White Ladies, Richard Penderel led Charles in an unsuccessful attempt to cross the Severn near Madeley, Shropshire. They were forced to retrace their steps and Charles took refuge at Boscobel. On the 6th September 1651, he there met with William Careless (or Carlis), a native of nearby Brewood, one of the last royalists to escape the battlefield. Careless's rank is variously reported as Captain, Major and Colonel.
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Royal Surrey Gardens
Coordinates: 51°29′37″N 0°6′26″W / 51.49361°N 0.10722°W / 51.49361; -0.10722
Royal Surrey Gardens were pleasure gardens in Kennington, London in the Victorian period, slightly east of The Oval. The gardens occupied about 15 acres (6.1 ha) to the east side of Kennington Road, including a lake of about 3 acres (1.2 ha). It was the site of Surrey Zoological Gardens and Surrey Music Hall.
The gardens were the grounds of the manor house of Walworth. The site was acquired in 1831 by impresario Edward Cross to be the location of his new Surrey Zoological Gardens, using animals from his menagerie at Exeter Exchange, in competition with the new London Zoo in Regent's Park. A large circular domed glass conservatory was built in the gardens, 300 feet (90 m) in circumference with more than 6,000 square feet (560 m2) of glass, to contain separate cages for lions, tigers, a rhinoceros, and giraffes. The gardens were heavily planted with native and exotic trees and plants, and dotted with picturesque pavilions.
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South Bank
South Bank is an area of London, England located immediately adjacent to the south bank of the River Thames. It forms a long and narrow section of riverside development that is within the London Borough of Lambeth. The generic 'south bank' developed much more slowly than the north bank of the river due to adverse conditions, and throughout its history has twice functioned as an entertainment district, separated by a hundred years of use as a location for industry. Change to the current use of the South Bank began in 1917 with the construction of County Hall at Lambeth and the Festival of Britain in 1951 redefined the area as a place for arts and entertainment. It now forms a significant tourist district in central London which stretches from near the Blackfriars Bridge at Bankside in the east to the London Eye in the west. A series of central London bridges connect the South Bank to North London, including the more recent Golden Jubilee, Westminster Bridge and Waterloo Bridge. The development of the new Thameslink Blackfriars station which has access from both the southern and northern side of the river prompted the additional named signage 'for Bankside and South Bank'.
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South Downs
The South Downs is a range of chalk hills that extends for about 260 square miles (670 km2) across the south-eastern coastal counties of England from the Itchen Valley of Hampshire in the west to Beachy Head, near Eastbourne, East Sussex, in the east. It is bounded on its northern side by a steep escarpment, from whose crest there are extensive views northwards across the Weald. The South Downs National Park forms a much larger area than the chalk range of the South Downs and includes large parts of the Weald.
The South Downs is characterised by rolling chalk downland with close-cropped turf and dry valleys, and is recognised as one of the most important chalk landscapes in England. It is one of the four main areas of chalk downland in southern England.
The South Downs is relatively unpopulated, although in Sussex there has been large-scale urban encroachment onto the chalk downland by major seaside resorts, including most notably Brighton and Hove.
The South Downs has been inhabited since ancient times and at periods the area has supported a large population, particularly during Romano-British times. There is a rich heritage of historical features and archaeological remains, including defensive sites, burial mounds and field boundaries. Within the South Downs Environmentally Sensitive Area there are thirty-seven Sites of Special Scientific Interest, including large areas of chalk grassland.
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South Kensington
Coordinates: 51°29′28″N 0°10′37″W / 51.4912°N 0.1769°W / 51.4912; -0.1769
South Kensington is a district in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London. It is a built-up area located 2.4 miles (3.9 km) west south-west of Charing Cross.
It is hard to define notional boundaries for South Kensington, but a common definition is the commercial area around the tube station and the adjacent graceful garden squares and streets (such as Thurloe Square, opposite the Victoria and Albert Museum). The smaller neighbourhood around Gloucester Road tube station can also be considered part of South Kensington, as well as the institution area around Exhibition Road, which includes such famous names as the Natural History Museum, the Science Museum, the Royal Albert Hall, Imperial College London, the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Royal Geographical Society, the Royal College of Art, the Royal College of Music and Baden-Powell House. Although the postcode SW7 mainly covers South Kensington, some parts of Kensington and Knightsbridge also fall under this postcode.
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South Lambeth
Coordinates: 51°29′25″N 0°07′09″W / 51.4903°N 0.1193°W / 51.4903; -0.1193
Lambeth is a district in South London, England, located in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is situated 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of Charing Cross.
The name is recorded in 1062 as Lambehitha, meaning 'landing place for lambs', and in 1255 as Lambeth. The name refers to a harbour where lambs were either shipped from or to. It is formed from the Old English 'lamb' and 'hythe.South Lambeth is recorded as Sutlamehethe in 1241 and North Lambeth is recorded in 1319 as North Lamhuth. The marshland in the area, known as Lambeth Marshe, was drained in the 18th century but is remembered in the Lower Marsh street name. Sometime after the opening of Waterloo railway station in 1848 the locality around the station and Lower Marsh became known as Waterloo.
The current district of Lambeth was part of the large ancient parish of Lambeth St Mary in the Brixton hundred of Surrey. It was an elongated north-south parish with a two mile River Thames frontage to the west. In the north it lay opposite the cities of London and Westminster and extended southwards to cover the contemporary districts of Brixton, West Dulwich and West Norwood, almost reaching Crystal Palace. Lambeth became part of the Metropolitan Police District in 1829. It continued as a single parish for Poor Law purposes after the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 and a single parish governed by a vestry after the introduction of the Metropolitan Board of Works in 1855. In 1889 it became part of the county of London and the parish and vestry were reformed in 1900 to become the Metropolitan Borough of Lambeth, governed by Lambeth Borough Council. In the reform of local government in 1965 the Streatham and Clapham areas that had formed part of the Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth were combined with Lambeth to form the London Borough of Lambeth.
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South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, United Kingdom.
According to the 2011 official Boundary Commission for England definition, South London includes the London boroughs of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.
The River Thames divides Greater London into two parts. The southern part includes the historic central areas of Southwark, Lambeth and Bankside and also maritime Greenwich. The area has only a small section of the London Underground network, but has a much more extensive suburban railway system than North London and is the location of all of London's tram services.
This area is made up of the London boroughs of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth. This definition is used by the Boundary Commission for England. The London Borough of Richmond upon Thames includes sections on both sides of the River Thames and the boundary commission class the entire district as part of South London, pairing it with Kingston upon Thames for the purposes of devising constituencies.
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Southbank Centre
Southbank Centre is a complex of artistic venues in London, UK, on the South Bank of the River Thames between County Hall and Waterloo Bridge. It comprises three main buildings (the Royal Festival Hall, the Queen Elizabeth Hall and the Hayward Gallery), and is Europe’s largest centre for the arts. It attracts more than three million visitors annually. Nearly a thousand paid performances of music, dance and literature are staged at Southbank Centre each year, as well as over 300 free foyer events and an education programme, in and around the performing arts venues. In addition, three to six major art exhibitions are presented at Hayward Gallery yearly, and National Touring Exhibitions reach over 100 venues across the UK.
Nearby, although not part of Southbank Centre, are the National Theatre and BFI Southbank. This is one of the most popular public spaces in London, part of a pedestrian-friendly stretch of the river extending eastwards from Westminster Bridge, past The London Eye, Southbank Centre, Tate Modern and the new Shakespeare's Globe to the east. :D
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St. Agnes Place
St Agnes Place was a squatted street in Kennington, South London, which resisted eviction orders for more than 30 years.
On 1 June 1969 house number 54 was the first to be squatted. The council had acquired the unit and planned to demolish it for the extension to Kennington Park. The derelict buildings were completely rebuilt by the squatters. An attempt to evict it in 1977 was successfully resisted on the rooftops. A High Court injunction ordered the demolition to stop. The resulting furore and publicity on a national scale prevented further demolition.
A block of buildings were demolished either side of the road, and some were badly damaged and scaffolded. But a large central block on both sides of the road were completely untouched, and were in occupation on the day of the attempted demolition, and thereafter. Some damaged ones were renovated again by the residents, and made habitable i.e. one was re-roofed, and several were re-wired and had basic services restored.
The residents of St Agnes paid all utility bills and for several years were run by a housing cooperative with diverse occupancy, and in the last few years a larger number of young homeless people. In November 2005, Lambeth London Borough Council finally obtained a High Court of Justice order to evict the residents of 21 properties. This mass eviction was completed on 30 November 2005.
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St. Thomas' Hospital
St Thomas' Hospital is a large NHS hospital in London, England. It is administratively a part of Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust. It is a large teaching hospital and is, with Guy's Hospital and King's College Hospital, the location of King's College London School of Medicine.
It has provided health care freely or under charitable auspices since the 12th century and was originally located in Southwark. St Thomas' Hospital is one of London's most famous hospitals, associated with names such as Astley Cooper, William Cheselden, Florence Nightingale, Linda Richards, Edmund Montgomery and Agnes Elizabeth Jones. It is a prominent London landmark - largely due to its location on the opposite bank of the River Thames to the Houses of Parliament.
St Thomas' Hospital is accessible from Westminster tube station (10 min walk across Westminster bridge), Waterloo station (tube and national rail, 10 min walk) and Lambeth North tube station (10 min walk).
The hospital was described as ancient in 1215 and was named after St. Thomas Becket — which suggests it may have been founded after 1173 when Becket was canonised. However, it is possible it was only renamed in 1173 and that it was established shortly after St Mary Overie Priory was founded at Southwark in 1106 .
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Stockwell
Coordinates: 51°27′48″N 0°07′13″W / 51.4633°N 0.1204°W / 51.4633; -0.1204
Stockwell is a district in inner south west London, England, located in the London Borough of Lambeth.
It is situated 2.4 miles (3.9 km) south south-east of Charing Cross. Brixton, Clapham, Vauxhall and Kennington all border Stockwell. Once one of London's poorest neighbourhoods, it is now an up-and-coming area, owing to its close proximity to central London and excellent transport links.
Stockwell probably got the second half of its name from a local well; the other half is from "stoc", which was Old English for a tree trunk or post. From the thirteenth to the start of the nineteenth century, Stockwell was a rural manor at the edge of London. It included market gardens and John Tradescant's botanical garden – commemorated in Tradescant Road, which was built over it in 1880, and in a memorial outside St Stephen's church. In the nineteenth century it developed as an elegant middle class suburb. Residents included the artist Arthur Rackham, who was born in South Lambeth Road in 1867, moving with his family to Albert Square when he was 15.
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Strand, London
Coordinates: 51°30′41″N 0°07′08″W / 51.5114°N 0.1190°W / 51.5114; -0.1190
Strand is a street in the City of Westminster, London, England. The street is just over three-quarters of a mile long. It currently starts at Trafalgar Square and runs east to join Fleet Street at Temple Bar, which marks the boundary of the City of London at this point, though its historical length has been longer than this.
At the east end of the street are two old churches, St Mary-le-Strand and St Clement Danes which are now, owing to road-widening, situated on islands in the middle of the road. The length of road from St Mary's church eastwards up to St Clement's was widened in 1900 and subsumes the former Holywell Street which forked from the Strand and ran parallel with it to the north. The Strand marks the southern boundary of Covent Garden.
Two tube stations were once named Strand: the former Piccadilly line Strand tube station, now called Aldwych but no longer in use, and the former "Strand tube station" on the Northern Line now part of Charing Cross tube station. "Strand Bridge" was also the name given to Waterloo Bridge during construction, it was renamed for its official opening on the second anniversary of the victory.
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Streatham
Coordinates: 51°25′40″N 0°07′25″W / 51.4279°N 0.1235°W / 51.4279; -0.1235
Streatham ( /ˈstrɛtəm/) is a district in South London, England, located in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is situated 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Streatham means "the hamlet on the street". The street in question, the London to Brighton Way, was the Roman Road from the capital Londinium to the coast near Portslade. It is likely that the destination was a Roman port now lost to coastal erosion, which has been tentatively identified with the 'Novus Portus' mentioned in Ptolemy's Geographia. The road is confusingly referred to as Stane Street in some sources, although it diverges from the main London-Chichester road at Kennington.
After the departure of the Romans, the main road through Streatham remained an important trackway. From the seventeenth century it was adopted as the main coach road to Croydon and East Grinstead, and then on to Newhaven and Lewes. In 1780 it then became the route of the turnpike road from London to Brighton, and subsequently became the basis for the modern A23. This road (and its traffic) have shaped Streatham's development.
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Streatham Hill
Coordinates: 51°25′40″N 0°07′25″W / 51.4279°N 0.1235°W / 51.4279; -0.1235
Streatham ( /ˈstrɛtəm/) is a district in South London, England, located in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is situated 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Streatham means "the hamlet on the street". The street in question, the London to Brighton Way, was the Roman Road from the capital Londinium to the coast near Portslade. It is likely that the destination was a Roman port now lost to coastal erosion, which has been tentatively identified with the 'Novus Portus' mentioned in Ptolemy's Geographia. The road is confusingly referred to as Stane Street in some sources, although it diverges from the main London-Chichester road at Kennington.
After the departure of the Romans, the main road through Streatham remained an important trackway. From the seventeenth century it was adopted as the main coach road to Croydon and East Grinstead, and then on to Newhaven and Lewes. In 1780 it then became the route of the turnpike road from London to Brighton, and subsequently became the basis for the modern A23. This road (and its traffic) have shaped Streatham's development.
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Surrey
Surrey /ˈsʌri/ is a county in the South East of England, and one of the home counties. The county borders Greater London, Kent, East Sussex, West Sussex, Hampshire, and Berkshire. The historic county town is Guildford.Surrey County Council sits at Kingston upon Thames, although this has been part of Greater London since 1965. The London boroughs of Lambeth, Wandsworth and Southwark were considered part of Surrey until 1889; and Croydon, Kingston, Merton, Sutton, Barnes and Richmond - all now reclassified as part of Greater London - were part of Surrey until 1965.
Surrey is divided into 11 boroughs and districts: Elmbridge, Epsom and Ewell, Guildford, Mole Valley, Reigate and Banstead, Runnymede, Spelthorne, Surrey Heath, Tandridge, Waverley, Woking. After the elections of 1 May 2008, the Conservatives are in control of 10 out of 11 councils in Surrey, with Epsom and Ewell in Residents Association control. The Conservatives hold all 11 Parliamentary constituencies within the county borders.
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Tesco
Coordinates: 51°42′18.89″N 0°1′36.37″W / 51.7052472°N 0.0267694°W / 51.7052472; -0.0267694
Tesco plc (LSE: TSCO) is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer headquartered in Cheshunt, United Kingdom. It is the third-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues (after Wal-Mart and Carrefour) and the second-largest measured by profits (after Wal-Mart). It has stores in 14 countries across Asia, Europe and North America and is the grocery market leader in the UK (where it has a market share of around 30%), Malaysia, the Republic of Ireland and Thailand.
The company was founded in 1919 by Jack Cohen as a group of market stalls. The Tesco name first appeared in 1924, after Cohen purchased a shipment of tea from T. E. Stockwell and combined those initials with the first two letters of his surname, and the first Tesco store opened in 1929 in Burnt Oak, Middlesex. His business expanded rapidly, and by 1939 he had over 100 Tesco stores across the country. Originally a UK-focused grocery retailer, since the early 1990s Tesco has increasingly diversified geographically and into areas such as the retailing of books, clothing, electronics, furniture, petrol and software; financial services; telecoms and internet services; DVD rental; and music downloads.
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The Crystal Palace
The Crystal Palace was a cast-iron and plate-glass building originally erected in Hyde Park, London, England, to house the Great Exhibition of 1851. More than 14,000 exhibitors from around the world gathered in the Palace's 990,000 square feet (92,000 m2) of exhibition space to display examples of the latest technology developed in the Industrial Revolution. Designed by Joseph Paxton, the Great Exhibition building was 1,851 feet (564 m) long, with an interior height of 128 feet (39 m). Because of the recent invention of the cast plate glass method in 1848, which allowed for large sheets of cheap but strong glass, it was at the time the largest amount of glass ever seen in a building and astonished visitors with its clear walls and ceilings that did not require interior lights, thus a "Crystal Palace".
After the exhibition, the building was rebuilt in an enlarged form on Penge Common next to Sydenham Hill, an affluent South London suburb full of large villas. It stood there from 1854 until its destruction by fire in 1936. The name Crystal Palace (the satirical magazine Punch usually gets the credit for coining the phrase) was later used to denote this area of south London and the park that surrounds the site, home of the Crystal Palace National Sports Centre.
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The Hayward
The Hayward Gallery is an art gallery within the Southbank Centre, part of an area of major arts venues on the South Bank of the River Thames, in central London, England. It is sited adjacent to the other Southbank Centre buildings (the Royal Festival Hall and the Queen Elizabeth Hall/Purcell Room) and also the Royal National Theatre and British Film Institute. Following a rebranding of the South Bank Centre to Southbank Centre in early 2007, the Hayward Gallery was known as the Hayward until early 2011.
The Hayward Gallery was built by Higgs and Hill and opened on 9 July 1968. Its massing and extensive use of exposed concrete construction are typical of Brutalist architecture. The initial concept was designed, with the Queen Elizabeth Hall and Purcell Room, as an addition to the Southbank Centre arts complex by team leader Norman Engleback, assisted by Ron Herron and Warren Chalk, two members of the later founded group Archigram, of the Department of Architecture and Civic Design of the Greater London Council. Warren Chalk then developed the site plan and connective first floor walkways, while Ron Herron worked on the acoustics for the Queen Elizabeth Hall. Alan Waterhouse, then Dennis Crompton, worked on the designs for the Hayward. The building is named after Sir Isaac Hayward, a former leader of the London County Council, the GLC's predecessor. Joanna Drew was the founding Director and Ralph Rugoff is the current Director (as of mid 2006).
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The Oval
The Oval, referred to as the Kia Oval due to a commercial sponsorship deal, is an international cricket ground in Kennington, in the London Borough of Lambeth. In the past it was also sometimes called the Kennington Oval. In past years it was officially named as the 'Fosters Oval', 'AMP Oval', 'Brit Insurance Oval', due to previous commercial sponsorship deals.
The Oval is the home ground of Surrey County Cricket Club, and also traditionally hosts the final Test match of each English summer season in late August or early September. The Oval was the first ground in the United Kingdom and second in the world (after the Melbourne Cricket Ground) to host Test cricket.
The nearest Tube station is Oval, but Vauxhall is only half a mile away.
In 1844, Kennington Oval was a market garden. The Oval was then (and still is) owned by the Duchy of Cornwall. Surrey County Cricket Club was set up in 1845. The Duchy was willing to grant a lease of the land for the purpose of a cricket ground, and, on 10 March 1845, the club signed a lease with the Otter Trustees, who held the land from the Duchy of Cornwall, 'to convert it into a subscription cricket ground', for 31 years at a rent of £120 per annum plus taxes (£20 more). The original contract for turfing the Oval cost £300; 10,000 grass turfs came from Tooting Common.
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Tooting
Coordinates: 51°25′41″N 0°09′54″W / 51.4280°N 0.1650°W / 51.4280; -0.1650
Tooting is a district in south London, England, located in the London Borough of Wandsworth. It is situated 5 miles (8 km) south south-west of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Tooting has been settled since pre-Saxon times. The name is of Anglo-Saxon origin but the meaning is disputed. It could mean the people of Tota where Tota may have been a local Anglo-Saxon chieftain. Alternatively it could be derived from an old meaning of the verb to tout, to look out. There may have been a watchtower here on the road to London and hence the people of the look-out post.
The Romans built a road, which was later named Stane Street by the English, from London (Londinium) to Chichester (Noviomagus Regnorum), and which passed through Tooting. Tooting High Street is built on this road. In Saxon times, Tooting and Streatham (then Toting-cum-Stretham) was given to the Abbey of Chertsey. Later, Suene (Sweyn), believed to be a Viking, may have been given all or part of the land. In 933, King Athelstan of England is thought to have confirmed lands including Totinge (Tooting) to Chertsey Abbey.
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Tulse Hill
Coordinates: 51°26′43″N 0°06′33″W / 51.4452°N 0.1091°W / 51.4452; -0.1091
Tulse Hill is a district in the London Borough of Lambeth in South London, England. It lies to the south of Brixton, east of Brixton Hill, north of West Norwood and west of West Dulwich.
The area known as Tulse Hill is part of the former Manor or Manors of Bodley, Upgroves and Scarlettes whose precise boundaries are now uncertain. The name of the area comes from the Tulse family who came into ownership of farmland in the area during the period of the Commonwealth in the 1650s.Sir Henry Tulse was Lord Mayor of London in 1683 and his daughter Elizabeth married the Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow. The land remained in Onslow ownership until 1789 when most of it was purchased by William Cole. The estate was further divided on Cole's death in 1807.
The western part was left to "Mercy Cressingham, spinster" (now commemorated by the Cressingham Gardens estate in the area) and the eastern part -now mostly occupied by Brockwell Park - was left to Richard Ogbourne who promptly sold it on to John Blades.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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Vassall (ward)
Vassall ward is an administrative division of the London Borough of Lambeth, United Kingdom. It is located in the North of borough bordering Southwark, in the SW9 and SE5 postcode area. The area is named for Henry Vassall-Fox, 3rd Baron Holland who was responsible for the first building development in the area in the 1820s.
The ward includes parts of Kennington, Oval, Brixton, Stockwell and Camberwell. The ward is noted for its high numbers of households living in deprived conditions. Housing stock in the ward ranges from large detached houses to towerblocks - ONS figures show that over 61% of housing in the ward is rented from the local authority or from a housing association with many people living on large housing estates such as the Myatts Fields North, Myatts Fields South, Cowley, Holland Town and Caldwell Gardens estate.
The ward contains several open spaces and parks including Myatt's Fields Park, Mostyn Gardens and Slade Gardens. It also contains the churches of St John the Divine, Kennington and Christ Church Brixton Road
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Vauxhall
Coordinates: 51°29′25″N 0°07′09″W / 51.4903°N 0.1193°W / 51.4903; -0.1193
Vauxhall ( /ˈvɒks.ɔːl/) is an inner city area of Central London in the London Borough of Lambeth. It was once in the historic county of Surrey.
It has also given its name to the Vauxhall Parliamentary Constituency, which also includes parts of Brixton and Clapham, and to the Vauxhall Motors car manufacturer, which originated in the area, as well as to the Russian word for a large railroad station (see below).
In 1998, Vauxhall became part of the borough's North Lambeth town centre, for local government administrative purposes.
It is generally accepted that the etymology of Vauxhall is from the name of Falkes de Breauté, the head of King John's mercenaries, who owned a large house in the area which was referred to as Faulke's Hall, later Foxhall, and eventually Vauxhall. The area only became generally known by this name when the Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens opened as a public attraction. Initially most visitors would have approached by river, but crowds of Londoners of all classes came to know the area after the construction of Westminster Bridge in the 1740s.
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Walworth
Coordinates: 51°29′23″N 0°05′26″W / 51.4898°N 0.0905°W / 51.4898; -0.0905
Walworth is an inner-city district in the London Borough of Southwark. Walworth probably derives its name from the Old English "Wealhworth" which meant Welsh (British) farm. It is located 1.9 miles (3.1 km) south east of Charing Cross and near to Camberwell and Elephant and Castle.
The major streets in Walworth are the Old Kent Road and Walworth Road. It once had a common surrounded by streets with houses on one side, the Common on the other. This whole area is now covered by housing.
Walworth appears in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Waleorde. It was held by Bainiard from Archbishop Lanfranc of Canterbury. Its domesday assets were: 3½ hides; one church, four ploughs, 8 acres (32,000 m2) of meadow. It rendered £3.
John Smith House is on Walworth Road, and was renamed in memory of John Smith, who was leader of the Labour Party from 1992 up to his sudden death in 1994. A former headquarters of the Labour Party, it was often seen in news reports at election times and in the background as people came and went from stormy meetings of the Labour Party National Executive Committee. It was used by the London Borough of Southwark as the home for its education department and will reopen in July 2012 as a hostel.
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Walworth, London
Coordinates: 51°29′23″N 0°05′26″W / 51.4898°N 0.0905°W / 51.4898; -0.0905
Walworth is an inner-city district in the London Borough of Southwark. Walworth probably derives its name from the Old English "Wealhworth" which meant Welsh (British) farm. It is located 1.9 miles (3.1 km) south east of Charing Cross and near to Camberwell and Elephant and Castle.
The major streets in Walworth are the Old Kent Road and Walworth Road. It once had a common surrounded by streets with houses on one side, the Common on the other. This whole area is now covered by housing.
Walworth appears in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Waleorde. It was held by Bainiard from Archbishop Lanfranc of Canterbury. Its domesday assets were: 3½ hides; one church, four ploughs, 8 acres (32,000 m2) of meadow. It rendered £3.
John Smith House is on Walworth Road, and was renamed in memory of John Smith, who was leader of the Labour Party from 1992 up to his sudden death in 1994. A former headquarters of the Labour Party, it was often seen in news reports at election times and in the background as people came and went from stormy meetings of the Labour Party National Executive Committee. It was used by the London Borough of Southwark as the home for its education department and will reopen in July 2012 as a hostel.
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Waterloo Bridge
Waterloo Bridge is a road and foot traffic bridge crossing the River Thames in London, England between Blackfriars Bridge and Hungerford Bridge. The name of the bridge is in memory of the Anglo-Dutch and Prussian victory at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Thanks to its location at a strategic bend in the river, the views of London (Westminster, the South Bank and London Eye to the west, the City of London and Canary Wharf to the east) from the bridge are widely held to be the finest from any spot at ground level.
The first bridge on the site was designed in 1809-10 by John Rennie for the Strand Bridge Company and opened in 1817 as a toll bridge. The granite bridge had nine arches, each of 120 feet (36.6 m) span, separated by double Grecian-Doric stone columns and was 2,456 feet (748.6 m) long, including approaches. Before its opening it was known as 'Strand Bridge'. During the 1840s the bridge gained a reputation as a popular place for suicide attempts. In 1841 the American daredevil Samuel Gilbert Scott was killed while performing an act in which he hung by a rope from a scaffold on the bridge. In 1844 Thomas Hood wrote the poem The Bridge of Sighs about the suicide of a prostitute there. Paintings of the bridge were created by the French Impressionist Claude Monet and the English Romantic, John Constable. The bridge was nationalised in 1878 and given to the Metropolitan Board of Works, who removed the toll from it.
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Waterloo, London
Coordinates: 51°30′05″N 0°06′43″W / 51.5013°N 0.1120°W / 51.5013; -0.1120
Waterloo is a district of London, England, and part of the London Borough of Lambeth. It is situated 1 mile (1.6 km) east of Charing Cross. The area is part of a business improvement district known as Waterloo Quarter, which includes The Cut and the Old Vic and Young Vic theatres, including some sections in the London Borough of Southwark.
The area was marshland towards the northern tip of the ancient parish of Lambeth. It was known as Lambeth Marshe, but was drained in the 18th century and is remembered in the Lower Marsh street name.
Waterloo is connected to the Strand area on the north bank of the River Thames by Waterloo Bridge. The first bridge on the site was opened in 1817 and the current bridge was opened in 1945. The bridge was named to commemorate the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Waterloo Road also dates from this time, built on land belonging to the Archbishop of Canterbury. The Church of St John the Evangelist, Waterloo Road was constructed from 1822 by the Commissioners for Building New Churches as the population of the parish of Lambeth had significantly increased. After the opening of Waterloo railway station in 1848 the locality around the station and Lower Marsh became known as Waterloo.
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Welwyn Garden City
Coordinates: 51°48′22″N 0°11′36″W / 51.8062°N 0.1932°W / 51.8062; -0.1932
Welwyn Garden City ( /ˈwɛlɪn/) is a town within the Welwyn Hatfield borough of Hertfordshire, England. It is located approximately 20 miles (32 km) from Kings Cross. Welwyn Garden City was the second garden city in England (founded 1920) and one of the first new towns (designated 1948).
It is unique in being both a garden city and a new town and exemplifies the physical, social and cultural planning ideals of the periods in which it was built. Because of its historical importance it attracts visitors from around the world.
Welwyn Garden City was founded by Sir Ebenezer Howard in the 1920s following his previous experiment in Letchworth Garden City. Howard had called for the creation of planned towns that were to combine the benefits of the city and the countryside and to avoid the disadvantages of both. The Garden Cities and Town Planning Association had defined a garden city as
"a town designed for healthy living and industry of a size that makes possible a full measure of social life but not larger, surrounded by a rural belt; the whole of the land being in public ownership, or held in trust for the community"
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West Dulwich
Coordinates: 51°26′00″N 0°05′00″W / 51.43333°N 0.08333°W / 51.43333; -0.08333
West Dulwich is an area in southeast London, England, that straddles the London Borough of Lambeth and the London Borough of Southwark. Croxted Road and South Croxted Road mark the boundary between London Borough of Southwark on the east and London Borough of Lambeth to the west. The South London suburb dates back to the 17th century when the often flooded land known as Dulwich Common was acquired and drained by Edward Alleyn's estate. Best known for the respected Dulwich College, the Dulwich Estate is an affluent residential area which has a sleepier feel to it than that of neighbouring areas such as East Dulwich or West Norwood.
West Dulwich has two main parades of shops, the main one being on the Park Hall road junction, where Croxted Road becomes South Croxted Road. Shops there include Tesco, and a number of high end or independent shops. The other parade is on Rosendale Road which features more typical local shops. The Rosendale Pub was redeveloped into a Gastropub and was awarded the title of TimeOut London Best Gastropub 2007. There is a talk of further developments on this stretch of road to capitalise on the success of the Rosendale. Another upscale eatery is Beauberry House, which is set in the grounds of Belair Park opposite West Dulwich railway station. Slightly further afield is the shopping area of Norwood Road and West Norwood which has a selection of national retail outlets.
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West End of London
The West End of London (more commonly referred to as simply the West End) is an area of central London containing many of the city's major tourist attractions, shops, businesses, government buildings, and entertainment venues (including the commercial West End theatres). Use of the term began in the early 19th century to describe fashionable areas to the west of Charing Cross. For strategic planning the area is identified as one of two international centres in the London Plan.
The West End is the most expensive location in the world in which to rent office space.
Located to the west of the historic Roman and Mediaeval City of London, the West End was long favoured by the rich elite as a place of residence because it was usually upwind of the smoke drifting from the crowded City. It was also located close to the royal seat of power at Westminster, and is largely contained within the City of Westminster (one of the 32 London boroughs). Developed in the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it was originally built as a series of palaces, expensive town houses, fashionable shops and places of entertainment. The areas closest to the City around Holborn, Seven Dials and Covent Garden historically contained poorer communities that were cleared and redeveloped in the nineteenth century.
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West Square
Coordinates: 51°29′43″N 0°6′20″W / 51.49528°N 0.10556°W / 51.49528; -0.10556
West Square is a historic square in south London, England, just south from St George's Road. The square is within the London Borough of Southwark, but as it is located in postcode SE11, it is commonly said to be in Lambeth.
Immediately to the west is the Imperial War Museum (formerly the Bethlem Royal Hospital). To the south is the Imperial War Museum Annex (which used to be an orphans' home) in Austral Street.
The terraced houses in the square surround a communal garden that is open to the public during the day but locked at night. The square forms part of a larger conservation area.
The Temple West family originally owned the land here, hence the name. In 1791, the area was leased for house building. By 1799, the garden in the centre of the square was finished.
In 1812, a tower was built by the Admiralty at 36 West Square for a telegraph using shutters. During the Napoleonic Wars, this transmitted messages between Whitehall and the Royal Navy in Kent. In the 1800s, the square was used to house some staff at the Bethlem Royal Hospital (now the Imperial War Museum).
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Westminster Bridge
Coordinates: 51°30′03″N 0°07′19″W / 51.50083°N 0.12194°W / 51.50083; -0.12194
Westminster Bridge is a road and foot traffic bridge over the River Thames between Westminster on the north side and Lambeth on the south side, in London, England.
The bridge is painted predominantly green, the same colour as the leather seats in the House of Commons which is on the side of the Palace of Westminster nearest the bridge. This is in contrast to Lambeth Bridge which is red, the same colour as the seats in the House of Lords and is on the opposite side of the Houses of Parliament.
In 2005-2007 it underwent a complete refurbishment, including replacing the iron fascias and repainting the whole bridge. It links the Palace of Westminster on the west side of the river with County Hall and the London Eye on the east and was the finishing point during the early years of the London Marathon.
The next bridge downstream is Hungerford footbridge and upstream is Lambeth Bridge. The bridge was designated a Grade II* listed structure in 1981.
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Whitehall
Whitehall is a road in the City of Westminster, in central London, which forms the first part of the A3212 road from Trafalgar Square to Chelsea. It is the main thoroughfare running north from Parliament Square, towards Charing Cross at the southern end of Trafalgar Square. Recognised as the centre of Her Majesty's Government, the street is lined with government departments and ministries; the name "Whitehall" is thus also frequently used as a metonym for overall British governmental administration, as well as being a geographic name for the surrounding area.
The name is taken from the vast Palace of Whitehall that used to occupy the area but which was largely destroyed by fire in 1698. Whitehall was originally a wide road that led to the front of the palace. Trafalgar Square was built at its northern extremity in the early 19th century. The southernmost portion by Parliament Square is named Parliament Street, but aside from a street name sign there is no longer any obvious distinction between the two on the ground. Combined, the streets cover a total distance of about 0.6 mile (1 km).
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Alistair Darling
Alistair Maclean Darling (born 28 November 1953) is a British Labour Party politician who has been a Member of Parliament (MP) since 1987, currently for Edinburgh South West. He served as the Chancellor of the Exchequer from 2007 to 2010. Darling was one of only three people to have served in the Cabinet continuously from Labour's victory in 1997 until its defeat in 2010 (the others being Gordon Brown and Jack Straw).
Darling was initially appointed as Chief Secretary to the Treasury in 1997, moving to become Secretary of State for Work and Pensions in 1998. Spending four years at the department, he spent another four years as Secretary of State for Transport, also becoming Secretary of State for Scotland in 2003. Prime Minister Tony Blair moved Darling for a final time, to Secretary of State for Trade and Industry in 2006, before Gordon Brown promoted Darling to Chancellor in 2007.
Alistair Darling was born in London the son of a civil engineer, Thomas, and his wife, Anna. He is the great-nephew of Sir William Darling, who was Conservative MP for Edinburgh South (1945–1957). He was educated in Kirkcaldy, and the private Loretto School,Musselburgh, East Lothian, then attended the University of Aberdeen where he was awarded a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B). He became the President of Aberdeen University Students' Representative Council.
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Anthony Steen
Anthony David Steen (born 22 July 1939) is a British Conservative Party politician who was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1974 to 2010, and the chairman of the Human Trafficking Foundation. Having represented Totnes in Devon since 1997, he was previously MP for South Hams from 1983, and had also been the MP for Liverpool Wavertree between February 1974 and 1983. He is widely-acknowledged as one of the foremost figures acting to combat human trafficking in the UK.
He was born in 1939 to Ashkenazi Jewish parents, Stephen Nicholas Steen (formerly Stein ), one time chairman and president of Smith & Nephew, and Jacqueline Annette, daughter of William (formerly Wolko or Woolf) Slavouski, a Russian fur and skin trader. He attended Westminster School and University College London where he gained an LLB. He became a barrister in 1962. In 1964, he founded Task Force, an organisation where young people help the elderly with the help of a government grant and served as its Director from 1964-68. He then founded the Young Volunteer Force, serving as Director from 1968-74. He also worked on the Court Martials' Defence Counsel for the Ministry of Defence from 1964-68. From 1964-67 he lectured in Law at the Council of Legal Education. From 1970-71, he was an advisor to federal and provincial Canadian governments on unemployment and youth problems.
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Bob Marley
Robert Nesta "Bob" Marley, OM (6 February 1945 – 11 May 1981) was a Jamaican singer-songwriter and musician. He was the rhythm guitarist and lead singer for the ska, rocksteady and reggae band Bob Marley & The Wailers (1963–1981). Marley remains the most widely known and revered performer of reggae music, and is credited with helping spread both Jamaican music and the Rastafari movement to a worldwide audience.
Marley's music was heavily influenced by the social issues of his homeland, and he is considered to have given voice to the specific political and cultural nexus of Jamaica. His best-known hits include "I Shot the Sheriff", "No Woman, No Cry", "Could You Be Loved", "Stir It Up", "Get Up Stand Up", "Jamming", "Redemption Song", "One Love" and, "Three Little Birds", as well as the posthumous releases "Buffalo Soldier" and "Iron Lion Zion". The compilation album Legend (1984), released three years after his death, is reggae's best-selling album, going ten times Platinum which is also known as one Diamond in the U.S., and selling 25 million copies worldwide.
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Brixton
Coordinates: 51°27′47″N 0°06′22″W / 51.463°N 0.106°W / 51.463; -0.106
Brixton is a district in the London Borough of Lambeth in south London, England. It is 3.8 miles (6.1 km) south south-east of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Brixton is mainly residential with a prominent street market and substantial retail sector. It is a multiethnic community, with around 24 percent of its population being of African and Caribbean descent,. It lies within Inner South London and is bordered by Stockwell, Clapham, Streatham, Camberwell, Tulse Hill and Herne Hill. The district houses the main offices of the London Borough of Lambeth.
The name Brixton is thought to originate from Brixistance, meaning the stone of Brixi, a Saxon lord. Brixi is thought to have erected a boundary stone to mark the meeting place of the ancient hundred court of Surrey. The location is unknown but is thought to be at the top of Brixton Hill, at a road known at the time as Bristow or Brixton Causeway, long before any settlement in the area. Brixton marks the rise from the marshes of North Lambeth up to the hills of Upper Norwood and Streatham. At the time the River Effra flowed from its source in Upper Norwood through Herne Hill to Brixton. At Brixton the river was crossed by low bridges for Roman roads to the south coast of Britain, now Brixton Road and Clapham Road. The main roads were connected through a network of medieval country lanes, such as Acre Lane, Coldharbour Lane, Brixton Water Lane and Lyham Road, formerly Black Lane. It was only at the end of the 18th century that villages and settlements formed around Brixton, as the original woodland was gradually reduced until the area was covered in farmland and market gardens known for game and strawberries.
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Catherine of Aragon
Catharine of Aragon (Castilian: Catalina de Aragón; Aragonese: Catarina d'Aragón) (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536) was Queen consort of England as the first wife of King Henry VIII of England and Princess of Wales as the wife to Arthur, Prince of Wales. In 1507, she also held the position of Ambassador for the Spanish Court in England when her father found himself without one, becoming the first female ambassador in European history. For six months, she served as regent of England while Henry VIII was in France. During that time the English won the Battle of Flodden, an event in which Catherine played an important part.
At the age of three, Catherine was betrothed to Prince Arthur, heir to the English throne, and they married in 1501, but Arthur died five months later. Catherine subsequently married Arthur's younger brother, the recently-succeeded Henry VIII, in 1509. By 1525 Henry was infatuated with his mistress Anne Boleyn and dissatisfied that his marriage to Catherine had produced no surviving sons, leaving their daughter, the future Mary I of England, as heiress presumptive at a time when there was no established precedent for a woman on the throne. He sought to have their marriage annulled, setting in motion a chain of events that led to England's break with the Roman Catholic Church. When Pope Clement VII refused to annul the marriage, Henry defied him by assuming supremacy over religious matters. In 1533 their marriage was declared invalid and Henry married Anne on the judgement of clergy in England, without reference to the Pope. Catherine refused to accept Henry as Supreme Head of the Church of England and considered herself the King's rightful wife and Queen until her death. Now acknowledged by Henry only as Dowager Princess of Wales, she lived out the remainder of her life at Kimbolton Castle, and died there on 7 January 1536.
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Charles Holden
Charles Henry Holden, Litt. D., FRIBA, MRTPI, RDI (12 May 1875 – 1 May 1960) was a Bolton-born English architect best known for designing many London Underground stations during the 1920s and 1930s, for Bristol Central Library, the Underground Electric Railways Company of London's headquarters at 55 Broadway and for the University of London's Senate House. He also created many war cemeteries in Belgium and northern France for the Imperial War Graves Commission.
After working and training in Bolton and Manchester, Holden moved to London. His early buildings were influenced by the Arts and Crafts Movement, but for most of his career he championed an unadorned style based on simplified forms and massing that was free of what he considered to be unnecessary decorative detailing. He believed strongly that architectural designs should be dictated by the intended functions of buildings. After the First World War he increasingly simplified his style and his designs became pared-down and modernist, influenced by European architecture. Holden was a member of the Design and Industries Association and the Art Workers' Guild. He produced complete designs for his buildings including the interior design and architectural fittings.
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Charles Kennedy
Charles Peter Kennedy (born 25 November 1959) is a British Liberal Democrat politician, who led the Liberal Democrats from 9 August 1999 until 7 January 2006 and is currently a Member of Parliament (MP) for the Ross, Skye and Lochaber constituency.
In the 1983 General Election he stood for the Ross, Cromarty & Skye constituency, then held by the Conservative MP and Minister, Hamish Gray. In a shock result, Kennedy was elected for the Social Democratic Party (SDP): at 23, he became the youngest MP in the House of Commons. Ambitious and popular, he quickly emerged as a potential party leader. In 1994, by which time the SDP and the Liberal Party had merged, he became President of the Liberal Democrats, a position he held for four years. In 1999, on the resignation of Paddy Ashdown, Kennedy was elected party leader.
He took the party through two successful general elections. However, he faced criticism for his laid-back leadership style, and there was considerable speculation regarding his alcohol consumption. From December 2005, some within the party were questioning his leadership and calling for a leadership election. On 5 January 2006, Kennedy was informed that ITN would be reporting that he had received treatment for a drinking problem. Kennedy decided to pre-empt the broadcast and admit his drinking problem openly. He called a leadership election at the same time, stating that he intended to stand. The admission of a drinking problem seriously damaged his standing within the parliamentary party. As support for him amongst this key group ebbed away, Kennedy resigned as leader on 7 January, saying that he would not be standing in the leadership election. Deputy leader Sir Menzies Campbell took over as interim leader and was elected as leader on 2 March 2006.
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Charlie Chaplin
Sir Charles Spencer "Charlie" Chaplin, KBE (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, film director and composer best known for his work during the silent film era. He became the most famous film star in the world before the end of World War I. Chaplin used mime, slapstick and other visual comedy routines, and continued well into the era of the talkies, though his films decreased in frequency from the end of the 1920s. His most famous role was that of The Tramp, which he first played in the Keystone comedy Kid Auto Races at Venice in 1914. From the April 1914 one-reeler Twenty Minutes of Love onwards he was writing and directing most of his films, by 1916 he was also producing them, and from 1918 he was even composing the music for them. With Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks and D. W. Griffith, he co-founded United Artists in 1919.
Chaplin was one of the most creative and influential personalities of the silent-film era. He was influenced by his predecessor, the French silent film comedian Max Linder, to whom he dedicated one of his films. His working life in entertainment spanned over 75 years, from the Victorian stage and the music hall in the United Kingdom as a child performer, until close to his death at the age of 88. His high-profile public and private life encompassed both adulation and controversy. Chaplin was identified with left-wing politics during the McCarthy era and he was ultimately forced to resettle in Europe from 1952.
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David Laws
David Anthony Laws (born 30 November 1965) is a British politician who has been the Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament for Yeovil since 2001. He was briefly the Chief Secretary to the Treasury, holding office for 17 days in 2010 before resigning due to disclosure of his Parliamentary expenses claims, in consequence of which he was in due course suspended from Parliament by vote of the House of Commons.
After a career in investment banking, Laws became an economic adviser and later Director of Policy and Research for the Liberal Democrats. In 2001, he was elected as the MP for Yeovil, the seat previously represented by former Liberal Democrat leader Paddy Ashdown.
In 2004, he co-edited The Orange Book: Reclaiming Liberalism, followed by Britain After Blair in 2006. After the 2010 general election, Laws led negotiations for the Liberal Democrats which resulted in a coalition with the Conservative Party.
Laws was born in Farnham, Surrey, the only son of a Conservative voting father who was a banker, and a Labour voting mother. He would later joke that he was the "perfect fusion" as a Liberal Democrat.
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David Ricardo
David Ricardo (18 April 1772 – 11 September 1823) was an English political economist, often credited with systematising economics, and was one of the most influential of the classical economists, along with Thomas Malthus, Adam Smith, and John Stuart Mill. He was also a member of Parliament, businessman, financier and speculator, who amassed a considerable personal fortune. Perhaps his most important contribution was the law of comparative advantage, a fundamental argument in favour of free trade among countries and of specialisation among individuals. Ricardo argued that there is mutual benefit from trade (or exchange) even if one party (e.g. resource-rich country, highly skilled artisan) is more productive in every possible area than its trading counterpart (e.g. resource-poor country, unskilled labourer), as long as each concentrates on the activities where it has a relative productivity advantage.
Born in London, England, Ricardo was the third of 17 children of a Sephardic Jewish family of Portuguese origin who had recently relocated from the Dutch Republic. His father was a successful stockbroker.
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Don Letts
Don Letts (born (1956-01-10)10 January 1956) is a British film director and musician. He is credited as the man who through his DJing at clubs like The Roxy brought together punk and reggae music.
Letts was born in London, England and educated at Tenison's School in Kennington. In 1975, Letts ran the trendy London clothing store Acme Attractions selling, "electric-blue zoot suits and jukeboxes, and pumping dub reggae all day long." Letts was deeply inspired by the music coming from his parents' homeland Jamaica, in particular Bob Marley. After seeing one of Marley's gigs at the Odeon in Hammersmith (June, 1976) he was able to sneak into the hotel and spent the night talking to and befriending Marley. By the mid 1970s Acme had quite a scene attracting all the like of The Clash, The Sex Pistols, Chrissie Hynde, Patti Smith, Deborah Harry and Bob Marley.
Seeing the crowd at Acme, the then promoter Andy Czezowski started up the Roxy, a London nightclub during the original outbreak of punk in England, so that people could go from the store and have some place to party. As most bands of that era had yet to be recorded, there were limited punk rock records to be played. Instead, Letts included many dub and reggae records in his sets, and is credited with introducing those sounds to the London punk scene, which was to influence The Clash and other bands. As a tribute, he is pictured on the cover of the album Super Black Market Clash. He was able to use the fame and money from DJing and the Acme story to make his first film, The Punk Rock Movie (1978).
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Edward the Confessor
Edward the Confessor, (Old English: Ēadƿeard se Andettere; French: Édouard le Confesseur; 1003–05 to 4 or 5 January 1066), son of Æthelred the Unready and Emma of Normandy, was one of the last Anglo-Saxon kings of England and is usually regarded as the last king of the House of Wessex, ruling from 1042 to 1066.
He has traditionally been seen as unworldly and pious, and his reign as notable for the disintegration of royal power in England and the advance in power of the Godwin family. His biographers, Frank Barlow and Peter Rex, dispute this, picturing him as a successful king, who was energetic, resourceful and sometimes ruthless, but whose reputation has been unfairly tarnished by the Norman conquest shortly after his death. Other historians regard this picture as only partly true, and not at all in the later part of his reign. In the view of Richard Mortimer, the return of the Godwins from exile in 1052 "meant the effective end of his exercise of power". The difference in his level of activity from the earlier part of his reign "implies a withdrawal from affairs".
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Eliza Cook
Eliza Cook (24 December 1818 – 23 September 1889) was an English author, Chartist poet and writer born in London Road, Southwark.
She was the daughter of a local tradesman. She attended the local Sunday Schools and was encouraged by the son of the music master to produce her first volume of poetry. From this she took confidence and in 1837 began to offer verse to the radical Weekly Dispatch, then edited by William Johnson Fox. She was a staple of its pages for the next ten years. She also offered material to The Literary Gazette, Metropolitan Magazine and New Monthly. [1]
Her work for the Dispatch and New Monthly was later pirated by George Julian Harney, the Chartist, for the Northern Star. Familiar with the London Chartist movement, in its various sects, she followed many of the older radicals in disagreeing with the O'Brienites and O'Connorites in their disregard for repeal of the Corn Laws. She also preferred the older Radicals' path of Friendly Societies and self-education.
In 1835, while only seventeen years of age she published her first volume titled Lays of a Wild Harp. In 1838, she published Melaia and other Poems, and from 1849 to 1854 wrote, edited, and published Eliza Cook's Journal, a weekly periodical she described as one of "utility and amusement." Cook also published Jottings from my Journal (1860), and New Echoes (1864); and in 1863 she was given a Civil List pension income of £100 a year.
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Geoffrey Chaucer
Geoffrey Chaucer ( /ˈtʃɔːsər/; c. 1343 – 25 October 1400), known as the Father of English literature, is widely considered the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages and was the first poet to have been buried in Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey. While he achieved fame during his lifetime as an author, philosopher, alchemist and astronomer, composing a scientific treatise on the astrolabe for his ten year-old son Lewis, Chaucer also maintained an active career in the civil service as a bureaucrat, courtier and diplomat. Among his many works, which include The Book of the Duchess, the House of Fame, the Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde, he is best known today for The Canterbury Tales. Chaucer is a crucial figure in developing the legitimacy of the vernacular, Middle English, at a time when the dominant literary languages in England were French and Latin.
Geoffrey Chaucer was born in London sometime around 1343, though the precise date and location of his birth remain unknown. His father and grandfather were both London vintners; several previous generations had been merchants in Ipswich. (His family name derives from the French chausseur, meaning "shoemaker".) In 1324 John Chaucer, Geoffrey's father, was kidnapped by an aunt in the hope of marrying the twelve-year-old boy to her daughter in an attempt to keep property in Ipswich. The aunt was imprisoned and the £250 fine levied suggests that the family was financially secure—bourgeois, if not elite. John Chaucer married Agnes Copton, who, in 1349, inherited properties including 24 shops in London from her uncle, Hamo de Copton, who is described in a will dated April 3, 1354 and listed in the City Hustings Roll as "moneyer"; he was said to be moneyer at the Tower of London. In the City Hustings Roll 110, 5, Ric II, dated June 1380, Geoffrey Chaucer refers to himself as me Galfridum Chaucer, filium Johannis Chaucer, Vinetarii, Londonie' .
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George III
George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of these two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. He was concurrently Duke and prince-elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg ("Hanover") in the Holy Roman Empire until his promotion to King of Hanover on 12 October 1814. He was the third British monarch of the House of Hanover, but unlike his two Hanoverian predecessors he was born in Britain, spoke English as his first language, and never visited Hanover.
His life and reign, which were longer than those of any previous British monarch, were marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms, much of the rest of Europe, and places farther afield in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Early in his reign, Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years' War, becoming the dominant European power in North America and India. However, many of its American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence. Further wars against revolutionary and Napoleonic France from 1793 concluded in the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.
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George Whitefield
George Whitefield (December 27 [O.S. December 16] 1714 – September 30, 1770), also known as George Whitfield, was an English Anglican priest who helped spread the Great Awakening in Britain, and especially in the British North American colonies. He was one of the founders of Methodism and of the evangelical movement generally. He became perhaps the best-known preacher in Britain and America in the 18th century, and because he traveled through all of the American colonies and drew great crowds and media coverage, he was one of the most widely recognized public figures in colonial America.
Whitefield was born at the Bell Inn, Southgate Street, Gloucester in England. Whitefield was the 5th son (7th child) of Thomas Whitefield and Elizabeth Edwards who kept an inn at Gloucester. At an early age, he found that he had a passion and talent for acting in the theatre, a passion that he would carry on through the very theatrical re-enactments of Bible stories that he told during his sermons. He was educated at the Crypt School, Gloucester, and Pembroke College, Oxford.
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Harold Godwinson
Harold Godwinson, or Harold II; Old English: Harold Gōdwines sunu (c. 1022 – 14 October 1066) was the last Anglo-Saxon King of England. Harold reigned from 6 January 1066 until his death at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October of that same year, fighting the Norman invaders led by William the Conqueror during the Norman conquest of England. Harold is the first of only three kings of England to have died in warfare; the other two were Richard I and Richard III.
Harold was a son of Godwin, the powerful Earl of Wessex, and his wife Gytha Thorkelsdóttir, whose supposed brother Ulf Jarl was the son-in-law of Sweyn I and the father of Sweyn II of Denmark.
Godwin and Gytha had several children, notably sons Sweyn, Harold, Tostig, Gyrth and Leofwine and a daughter, Edith of Wessex (1029–1075), who became Queen consort of Edward the Confessor.
As a result of his sister's marriage to the king, Godwin's second son, Harold, became Earl of East Anglia in 1045. Harold accompanied his father into exile in 1051, but helped him to regain his position a year later. When Godwin died in 1053, Harold succeeded him as Earl of Wessex (a province at that time covering the southernmost third of England). This arguably made him the most powerful figure in England after the king.
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Harthacnut
Harthacnut ("Tough-knot";Danish: Knud III Hardeknud; c.1018 – 8 June 1042) was King of Denmark from 1035 to 1042 and King of England from 1040 to 1042.
He was the son of King Cnut the Great, who ruled Denmark, Norway, and England, and Emma of Normandy. When Cnut died in 1035, Harthacnut struggled to retain his father's possessions. Magnus I took of control of Norway, but Harthacnut succeeded as King of Denmark, and became King of England in 1040 after the death of his half-brother Harold Harefoot.
Harthacnut died suddenly in 1042, and was succeeded by Magnus in Denmark and Edward the Confessor in England. Harthacnut was the last Danish king to rule England.
Harthacnut was born shortly after his parents' marriage in July or August 1017. Cnut had put aside his first wife Ælfgifu of Northampton in order to marry Emma, and according to the Encomium Emmae Reginae, a book she inspired many years later, Cnut agreed that any sons of their marriage should take precedence over the sons of his first marriage. In 1023, Emma and Harthacnut played a leading role in the translation of the body of the martyr St Æelfheah from London to Canterbury, an occasion seen by Harthacnut's biographer, Ian Howard, as recognition of his position as Cnut's heir in England.
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Hazel Blears
Hazel Anne Blears (born 14 May 1956) is a British Labour Party politician, who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Salford and Eccles since 2010 and was previously the MP for Salford since 1997. She served in the Cabinet as Minister without Portfolio and Labour Chair between 2006 and 2007, and Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government from 2007 to 2009, when she resigned. Commenting on the announcement, Prime Minister Gordon Brown, said that Blears had made an "outstanding contribution" to public life.
Hazel Blears was born in Salford on 14 May 1956, the daughter of a maintenance fitter. As a young child, Hazel and her brother Stephen both played street urchins in the film A Taste of Honey which was filmed in Salford in 1961, when Blears was aged five. Blears was educated at Worsley Wardley Grammar School in Salford and then Eccles College on Chatsworth Road in Ellesmere Park, Eccles. She went to Trent Polytechnic in Nottingham (now known as Nottingham Trent University), graduating with a BA (Hons) degree in Law, and later, the Chester College of Law in 1977.
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Henry III of England
Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272) was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready. England prospered during his reign and his greatest monument is Westminster, which he made the seat of his government and where he expanded the abbey as a shrine to Edward the Confessor. He is the first of only five monarchs to reign in the Kingdom of England or its successor states for 50 years or more, the others being Edward III (1327–1377), George III (1760–1820), Victoria (1837–1901) and Elizabeth II (1952–present).
He assumed the crown under the regency of the popular William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, but the England he inherited had undergone several drastic changes in the reign of his father. He spent much of his reign fighting the barons over Magna Carta and the royal rights, and was eventually forced to call the first "parliament" in 1264. He was also unsuccessful on the Continent, where he endeavoured to re-establish English control over Normandy, Anjou, and Aquitaine.
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Henry IV of England
Henry IV (possibly 3 April 1366 – 20 March 1413) was King of England and Lord of Ireland (1399–1413). He was the ninth King of England of the House of Plantagenet and also asserted his grandfather's claim to the title King of France. He was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, hence his other name, Henry (of) Bolingbroke ( /ˈbɒlɪŋbrʊk/). His father, John of Gaunt, was the third son of Edward III, and enjoyed a position of considerable influence during much of the reign of Henry's cousin Richard II, whom Henry eventually deposed. Henry's mother was Blanche, heiress to the considerable Lancaster estates, thus he became the first King of England from the Lancaster branch of the Plantagenets, one of the two family branches that were belligerents in the War of the Roses. The other one was the York branch, initiated by his uncle Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York (see section "Seniority in line from Edward III" below).
One of Henry's elder sisters, Philippa of Lancaster, married John I of Portugal, and his younger sister Elizabeth was the mother of John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter. His younger half-sister Catherine, the daughter of his father's second wife, Constance of Castile, was queen consort of Castile. He also had four half-siblings by Katherine Swynford, originally his sisters' governess, then his father's longstanding mistress, and later his third wife. These four children were given the surname Beaufort after a castle their father held in Champagne, France.
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Henry Moore
Henry Spencer Moore OM CH FBA (30 July 1898 – 31 August 1986) was an English sculptor and artist. He was best known for his semi-abstract monumental bronze sculptures which are located around the world as public works of art.
His forms are usually abstractions of the human figure, typically depicting mother-and-child or reclining figures. Moore's works are usually suggestive of the female body, apart from a phase in the 1950s when he sculpted family groups. His forms are generally pierced or contain hollow spaces. Many interpreters liken the undulating form of his reclining figures to the landscape and hills of his birthplace, Yorkshire.
Moore was born in Castleford, the son of a coal miner. He became well-known through his carved marble and larger-scale abstract cast bronze sculptures, and was instrumental in introducing a particular form of modernism to the United Kingdom. His ability in later life to fulfill large-scale commissions made him exceptionally wealthy. Yet he lived frugally and most of the money he earned went towards endowing the Henry Moore Foundation, which continues to support education and promotion of the arts.
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Henry VI of England
Henry VI (6 December 1421 – 21 May 1471) was King of England from 1422 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471, and disputed King of France from 1422 to 1453. Until 1437, his realm was governed by regents. Contemporaneous accounts described him as peaceful and pious, not suited for the violent dynastic civil wars, known as the Wars of the Roses, which were to commence during his reign. His periods of insanity and his inherent benevolence eventually required his wife, Margaret of Anjou, to assume control of his kingdom, which contributed to his own downfall, the collapse of the House of Lancaster, and the rise of the House of York.
Henry was the only child and heir of King Henry V of England. He was born on 6 December 1421 at Windsor, and succeeded to the throne at the age of nine months as King of England on 31 August 1422 when his father died, thus making him the youngest person ever to succeed to the English throne. Two months later, on 21 October 1422, he became King of France upon his grandfather Charles VI's death in agreement with the Treaty of Troyes in 1420. His mother, Catherine of Valois, was then 20 years old and, as Charles VI's daughter, was viewed with considerable suspicion by English nobles and prevented from having a full role in her son's upbringing.
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Henry VII of England
Henry VII (Welsh: Harri Tudur; 28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizing the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death on 21 April 1509, as the first monarch of the House of Tudor.
Henry won the throne when he defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field. He was the last king of England to win his throne on the field of battle. He was successful in restoring the power and stability of the English monarchy after the political upheavals of the Wars of the Roses. He founded a long-lasting dynasty and, after a reign of nearly 24 years, was peacefully succeeded by his son, Henry VIII.
Although Henry can be credited with the restoration of political stability in England, and a number of commendable administrative, economic and diplomatic initiatives, the latter part of his reign was characterised by a financial rapacity which stretched the bounds of legality. According to the contemporary historian Polydore Vergil, simple "greed" in large part underscored the means by which royal control was over-asserted in Henry's final years.
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Jack Straw
John Whitaker "Jack" Straw (born 3 August 1946) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Blackburn since 1979. He served as Home Secretary from 1997 to 2001, Foreign Secretary from 2001 to 2006 and Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Commons from 2006 to 2007 under Tony Blair. From 2007 to 2010 he was the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain and the Secretary of State for Justice, appointed as part of Prime Minister Gordon Brown's first Cabinet. Straw is one of only three people to have served in Cabinet continuously from 1997 to 2010 (the others being Gordon Brown and Alistair Darling).
When the Labour Party lost power in May 2010, he briefly became the Shadow Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, Shadow Secretary of State for Justice and the Shadow Deputy Prime Minister, but stood down from the frontbench after the Labour Party elected a new Shadow Cabinet.
Straw was born in Buckhurst Hill, Essex, England. One of his maternal great-grandparents was a Jewish German immigrant. Straw was brought up at Loughton, Essex by his mother, Joan Sylvia Gilbey on a council estate after his father Walter Arthur Whitaker Straw, an insurance salesman, left the family and condemned them to poverty. Walter Straw had been sent to prison in 1939 for being a conscientious objector.
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James Callaghan
Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005), was a British Labour politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1976 to 1980. Commonly known as Jim Callaghan (and nicknamed "Sunny Jim", "Gentleman Jim", "Lucky Jim" or "Big Jim"), Callaghan is the only person to have served in all four of the Great Offices of State: Prime Minister, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Home Secretary and Foreign Secretary.
Callaghan was Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1964 to 1967 during a turbulent period in the British economy in which he had to wrestle with a balance of payments deficit and speculative attacks on the pound sterling. In November 1967, the Government was forced to devalue the pound sterling despite having already denied this would be done, both publicly and to the House of Commons. Callaghan offered to resign, but was persuaded to swap his ministerial post with Roy Jenkins, becoming Home Secretary from 1967 to 1970. In that capacity, Callaghan took the decision to use the Army to support the police in Northern Ireland, after a request from the Northern Ireland Government.
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James Pennethorne
Sir James Pennethorne (4 June 1801 – 1 September 1871) was a notable 19th century English architect and planner, particularly associated with buildings and parks in central London.
Born in Worcester, Pennethorne travelled to London in 1820 to study architecture under, first, August Pugin and then John Nash. Pennethorne's father, Thomas was a first cousin of Nash's wife.
In October 1824 he set off on a tour of France, Italy, and Sicily. At Rome he studied antiquities, and made a design for the restoration of the Forum, which he subsequently exhibited and was elected a member of the academy of St. Luke.
On his return to London, at the end of 1826, he entered the office of John Nash, and, as his principal assistant, directed the West Strand, King William Street, and other important improvements., completing the Park Villages, East and West, in Regent's Park after Nash's death.
In 1832 he was directly employed by the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Woods to prepare plans for further improvements in the capital. One of his aims was to form a great street running from the extreme east to the extreme west of London, but this proved too ambitious for the government. However four streets were constructed to modified versions of his plans: New Oxford Street, Endell Street, Cranbourn Street (a remnant of his ambitious east-west thoroughfare), and Commercial Street. In 1846 an act was obtained for the extension of Commercial Street from Spitalfields Church to Shoreditch, but this was not completed until 1858. In 1855 the newly formed Metropolitan Board of Works constructed Garrick Street, Southwark Street, Old Street to Shoreditch, and other thoroughfares from Pennethorne's earlier designs.
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John Betjeman
Sir John Betjeman, CBE ( /ˈbɛtʃəmən/; 28 August 1906 – 19 May 1984) was an English poet, writer and broadcaster who described himself in Who's Who as a "poet and hack".
He was a founding member of the Victorian Society and a passionate defender of Victorian architecture. Starting his career as a journalist, he ended it as one of the most popular British Poets Laureate to date and a much-loved figure on British television.
Betjeman was born "John Betjemann"; this was changed to the less German "Betjeman" during the First World War. His parents, Mabel (née Dawson) and Ernest Betjemann had a family firm which manufactured the kind of ornamental household furniture and gadgets distinctive to Victorians. His father's forebears had come from the Netherlands, more than a century earlier, setting up their home and business in Islington, London. Betjeman was baptised at St. Anne's Church Highgate Rise, a 19th Century church situated just at the foot of Highgate West Hill. The family lived at Parliament Hill Mansions in the Lissenden Gardens private estate in Highgate in North London.
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John Stow
John Stow (ca. 1525 – 6 April 1605) was an English historian and antiquarian.
The son of Thomas Stow, a tallow-chandler, he was born about 1525 in London, in the parish of St Michael, Cornhill. His father's whole rent for his house and garden was only 6s. 6d. a year, and Stow in his youth fetched milk every morning from a farm belonging to the convent of the Minories. He did not follow his father's trade, but was apprenticed as a merchant tailor, being admitted to the Merchant Taylor's company in 1547 and, by that year, had established a business at a house near the well within Aldgate, between Leadenhall and Fenchurch Street. In the 1570s, he moved to a house in St Andrew's parish, in Lime Street ward, where he lived till his death. In about 1560 he entered upon the work with which his name is associated.
He made the acquaintance of the leading antiquarians of his time, including William Camden, and in 1561 he published his first work, The woorkes of Geffrey Chaucer, newly printed with divers additions whiche were never in printe before. This was followed in 1565 by his Summarie of Englyshe Chronicles, which was frequently reprinted, with slight variations, during his lifetime. Of the first edition a copy was said to have been at one time in the Grenville library. In the British Museum there are copies of the editions of 1567, 1573, 1590, 1598 and 1604. Stow having in his dedication to the edition of 1567 referred to the rival publication of Richard Grafton (ca. 1500-ca. 1572) in terms, the dispute between them became extremely embittered.
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John Wesley
John Wesley ( /ˈwɛzlɪ/; 28 June [O.S. 17 June] 1703 – 2 March 1791) was a Church of England cleric and Christian theologian. Wesley is largely credited, along with his brother Charles Wesley, as founding the Methodist movement which began when he took to open-air preaching in a similar manner to George Whitefield. In contrast to George Whitefield's Calvinism, Wesley embraced the Arminian doctrines that were dominant in the 18th-century Church of England. Methodism in both forms was a highly successful evangelical movement in the United Kingdom, which encouraged people to experience Jesus Christ personally.
Wesley's teachings, known as Wesleyanism, provided the seeds for both the modern Methodist movement, the Holiness movement, Pentecostalism, the Charismatic Movement, and Neo-charismatic churches, which encompass numerous denominations across the world. In addition, he refined Arminianism with a strong evangelical emphasis on the Reformed doctrine of justification by faith.
Wesley helped to organize and form societies of Christians throughout England, Scotland, Wales, North America and Ireland as small groups that developed intensive, personal accountability, discipleship and religious instruction among members. His great contribution was to appoint itinerant, unordained preachers who travelled widely to evangelise and care for people in the societies. Young men who acted as their assistants, known as "exhorters", emulated the twelve apostles after the ascension of Jesus.[citation needed]
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Karl Marx
Karl Heinrich Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German philosopher, economist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His ideas played a significant role in the development of social science and the socialist political movement. He published various books during his lifetime, with the most notable being The Communist Manifesto (1848) and Capital (1867–1894); some of his works were co-written with his friend and fellow German revolutionary socialist, Friedrich Engels.
Born into a wealthy middle class family in Trier, formerly in Prussian Rhineland now called Rhineland-Palatinate, Marx studied at both the University of Bonn and the University of Berlin, where he became interested in the philosophical ideas of the Young Hegelians. In 1836, he became engaged to Jenny von Westphalen, marrying her in 1843. After his studies, he wrote for a radical newspaper in Cologne, and began to work out his theory of dialectical materialism. Moving to Paris in 1843, he began writing for other radical newspapers. He met Engels in Paris, and the two men worked together on a series of books. Exiled to Brussels, he became a leading figure of the Communist League, before moving back to Cologne, where he founded his own newspaper. In 1849 he was exiled again and moved to London together with his wife and children. In London, where the family was reduced to poverty, Marx continued writing and formulating his theories about the nature of society and how he believed it could be improved, and also campaigned for socialism—he became a significant figure in the International Workingmen's Association.
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Kate Hoey
Catharine Letitia "Kate" Hoey (born 21 June 1946) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Vauxhall since 1989. She served in the Blair Government as Minister for Sport from 1999 to 2001.
Born in Belfast, she studied at Belfast Royal Academy. While attending the Ulster College of Physical Education she joined the International Marxist Group, one of the few people with an Ulster Unionist background to do so in the 1960s. After relocating to England, she graduated in economics from the City of London College, today known as London Metropolitan University. She was a senior lecturer at Kingsway College from 1976 to 1985, during which time she left the International Marxist Group.
Hoey is known for her longstanding interest in sport. She was Northern Ireland High Jump Champion and worked for football clubs including Arsenal, Tottenham Hotspur, Queens Park Rangers, Chelsea and Brentford, as an Educational Advisor. Prior to entering Parliament she was educational adviser to Arsenal Football Club from 1985 to 1989.
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Ken Bruen
Ken Bruen (born 1951) is an Irish writer of hard-boiled and noir crime fiction.
He was born in Galway, and educated at Gormanston College, County Meath and later at Trinity College Dublin, where he earned a Ph.D. in metaphysics. He spent twenty-five years as an English teacher in Africa, Japan, S.E. Asia and South America. His travels have been hazardous at times, including a stint in a Brazilian jail.
Bruen is part of a literary circle that includes Jason Starr, Reed Farrel Coleman, and Allan Guthrie.
Bruen's works include the well-received White Trilogy and the Shamus Award-winning The Guards. In 2006, Hard Case Crime released Bust, a collaboration between Bruen and New York crime author Jason Starr. Bruen's short story "Words Are Cheap" (2006) appears in the first issue of Murdaland. He has also edited an anthology of stories set in Dublin, Dublin Noir.
Other works of note include The Killing of the Tinkers, The Magdalen Martyrs, The Dramatist and Priest (nominated for the 2008 Edgar Allan Poe Award in the category "Best Novel"), all part of his Jack Taylor series, which began with The Guards. Bruen is also the recipient of the first David Loeb Goodis Award (2008) for his dedication to his art. Set in Galway, the acclaimed series relates the adventures and misadventures of a disgraced former police officer working as a haphazard private investigator whose life has been marred by alcoholism and drug abuse. It chronicles the social change in Ireland in Bruen's own lifetime, paying particular attention to the decline of the Catholic Church as a social and political power. Themes also explored include Ireland's economic prosperity from the mid 1990s onwards, although it is often portrayed as a force which has left Ireland as a materialistic and spiritually drained society which still harbours deep social inequality. This is the side of the Celtic Tiger best portrayed in Bruen's Ireland-based novels. Immigration is also a theme to be found in these works.
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Kenneth Clarke
Kenneth Harry "Ken" Clarke, PC, QC, MP (born 2 July 1940) is a British Conservative politician, currently Member of Parliament for Rushcliffe, Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice. He was first elected to Parliament in 1970; and appointed a minister in Edward Heath's government in 1972. One of Britain's best-known politicians, his past government roles include Home Secretary and Chancellor of the Exchequer. Since 1997 he has been President of the Tory Reform Group.
Clarke was a minister throughout the 18 years of successive Conservative governments from 1979 to 1997, serving in the cabinets of both Margaret Thatcher and John Major. After the Conservative defeat in the 1997 general election Clarke became a backbencher. He has contested the Conservative Party leadership three times—in 1997, 2001 and 2005—and was defeated each time. Although he is considered popular with the general public, his pro-European integration views conflict with the modern Conservative Party's EU-sceptic stance. Notably, he is President of the Conservative Europe Group and Vice-President of the European Movement UK. Despite this conflict, and his involvement with the tobacco industry, Conservative leader David Cameron returned Clarke to the Shadow Cabinet in March 2009 as Shadow Business Secretary. When Cameron became Prime Minister in May 2010 he appointed Clarke Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice.
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Kevin Spacey
Kevin Spacey, CBE (born Kevin Spacey Fowler; July 26, 1959) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, producer, and crooner. He grew up in California, and began his career as a stage actor during the 1980s, before being cast in supporting roles in film and television. He gained critical acclaim in the early 1990s, culminating in his first Academy Award for The Usual Suspects (Best Supporting Actor), followed by a Best Actor Academy Award win for American Beauty (1999). His other starring roles in Hollywood include Seven, L.A. Confidential, Pay It Forward, K-PAX, and Superman Returns in a career which has earned him several Emmy and Golden Globe nominations. Since 2003, he has been artistic director of the Old Vic theatre in London.
Spacey was born in South Orange, New Jersey, the son of Kathleen Ann (née Knutson; December 5, 1931 – March 19, 2003), a secretary, and Thomas Geoffrey Fowler (June 4, 1924 – December 24, 1992), a technical writer and data consultant. He has two older siblings: a sister, Julie, and a brother, Randy. He attended Northridge Military Academy, Canoga Park High School (in tenth and eleventh grades), and then Chatsworth High School in Chatsworth, Los Angeles, where he graduated valedictorian of his class. At Chatsworth High, he starred in the school's senior production of The Sound of Music, playing the part of Captain Georg von Trapp, opposite Mare Winningham's character, Maria.
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King William IV
William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. William, the third son of George III and younger brother and successor to George IV, was the last king and penultimate monarch of Britain's House of Hanover.
He served in the Royal Navy in his youth and was, both during his reign and afterwards, nicknamed the "Sailor King". He served in North America and the Caribbean, but saw little actual fighting. Since his two older brothers died without leaving legitimate issue, he inherited the throne when he was 64 years old. His reign saw several reforms: the poor law was updated, child labour restricted, slavery abolished in nearly all the British Empire, and the Reform Act 1832 refashioned the British electoral system. Though William did not engage in politics as much as his brother or his father, he was the last monarch to appoint a Prime Minister contrary to the will of Parliament. Through his brother, the Viceroy of Hanover, he granted that kingdom a short-lived liberal constitution.
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Lembit Öpik
Lembit Öpik ( /ˈlɛmbɪt ˈoʊpɪk/, Estonian pronunciation: [ˈlembit ˈøpˑik]; born 2 March 1965) is a former British Liberal Democrat politician best known for having married one of the Cheeky Girls. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Montgomeryshire in Wales from 1997 until he lost his seat in the 2010 General Election. He served as the leader of the Welsh Liberal Democrats from 2001–07, and stood unsuccessfully for the position of president of the party in 2004 and 2008.
He put himself forward to be the Liberal Democrats' nomination as Mayor of London in the 2012 election. However, he was knocked out in the first round of the Liberal Democrat selection, coming fourth with 252 votes.
Öpik's parents were from Estonia, but after its annexation by the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin, they fled to Northern Ireland. Öpik was born in Bangor, County Down, the elder son of Liivi Opik (née Vedo) and physicist Dr Uno Opik (19 October 1926 – 6 May 2005), and grew up there with sister Urve Öpik (born 1960, a psychotherapist) and brother Endel "Tal" Opik (12 April 1968 – 21 November 2005, a musician). His grandfather was Ernst Julius Öpik, an Estonian astronomer who worked at Armagh Observatory.
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Louis de Soissons
Louis E J G de Savoie-Carignan de Soissons CVO RA FRIBA (1890–1962), was the younger son of Charles, the Count de Soissons. An architect, he was called for professional purposes Louis de Soissons. He was born in Montreal, Canada, but moved in childhood with his family to London.
The first major commission of the practice he set up (Louis de Soissons Partnership) was the 'master plan' (so-called - a very early use of the term) for Welwyn Garden City (1920), a planned town created by Ebenezer Howard, on cheap redundant farmland. Louis de Soissons was appointed architect for the town in 1920 and the practice was significantly involved in its development over the next 60 years. He designed the concrete Shredded Wheat factory for the eponymous Canadian company.
Other important early projects included the Home Office and Duchy of Cornwall Estates in London, where the future Edward VIII was the effective client and the Nag's Head Estate in Bethnal Green, London, E2 which was one of the few private "Slum Clearance" projects undertaken by a private landlord. When young he had been much influenced by 18th century Italian architecture, and gained a reputation as a classical architect, but with a deep humanism resulting from his new town work.
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Matthew Paris
Matthew Paris (Latin: Matthæus Parisiensis, lit. "Matthew the Parisian"; c. 1200 – 1259) was a Benedictine monk, English chronicler, artist in illuminated manuscripts and cartographer, based at St Albans Abbey in Hertfordshire. He wrote a number of works, mostly historical, which he scribed and illuminated himself, typically in drawings partly coloured with watercolour washes, sometimes called "tinted drawings". Some were written in Latin, some in Anglo-Norman or French verse. His Chronica Majora is an oft-cited source, though modern historians recognize that Paris was not always reliable. He tended to glorify Emperor Frederick II and denigrate the Pope.
In spite of his surname and knowledge of the French language, Paris was of English birth, and is believed by some historians to be of the Paris family of Hildersham, Cambridgeshire. He may have studied at Paris in his youth after early education at St Albans School. The first we know of Matthew Paris (from his own writings) is that he was admitted as a monk to St Albans in 1217. It is on the assumption that he was in his teens on admission that his birth date is estimated; some scholars suspect he may have been ten years or more older; many monks only entered monastic life after pursuing a career in the world outside. He was clearly at ease with the nobility and even royalty, which may indicate that he came from a family of some status, although it also seems an indication of his personality. His life was mainly spent in this religious house. In 1248, Paris was sent to Norway as the bearer of a message from Louis IX to Haakon IV; he made himself so agreeable to the Norwegian sovereign that he was invited to superintend the reformation of the Benedictine monastery of Nidarholm outside Trondheim.
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Maud Pember Reeves
Maud Pember Reeves (24 December 1865 - 13 September 1953) (born Magdalene Stuart Robison) was a feminist, writer and member of the Fabian Society. She spent most of her life in New Zealand and Britain.
She was born in Mudgee, New South Wales, Australia, to bank manager William Smoult Robison; the family moved to Christchurch, New Zealand in 1868. In 1885 she married the journalist and politician William Pember Reeves and became interested in socialism and the suffragette movements. (See also first wave feminism.)
In 1896 the family moved to London after William's appointment as Agent-General, the representative of New Zealand government within the British Empire. There, the couple became friends with a number of left-wing intellectuals, such as George Bernard Shaw, H. G. Wells, and Sidney and Beatrice Webb. Maud joined the Fabian Society, a precursor to the Labour Party, which promoted social reform.
In 1913 Maud published a survey of poverty in Lambeth, a poor borough in South London, called Round About a Pound a Week, a work that was reprinted in 2008 by Persephone Books and remains relevant today. During the First World War she served on a government committee concerned with women's issues.
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Michael Connarty
Michael Connarty (born 3 September 1947) is a British Labour Party politician, who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Linlithgow and Falkirk East since 2005, and a variation of the same seat since 1992.
Michael Connarty was born in Coatbridge. He was educated at the local Roman Catholic High School (St. Patrick's) on Muiryhall Street in the year below fellow MP John Reid. Like John Reid he then studied at the University of Stirling, receiving a BA in Economics in 1972, and where he was elected as the President of the Student Association from 1970-1 before going on to University of Glasgow.
He then attended Jordanhill College in Glasgow where he received a Diploma in Childcare and Education (DCE) in 1975. He was a special needs teacher from 1976 until he was elected to the House of Commons in 1992. He was also an economics teacher at a secondary school. He became a councillor on the Stirling District Council in 1977, becoming its leader in 1980 until he left the council in 1990. He was a member of the Loch Lomond, Trossachs and Stirling Tourist Board 1981-1990. He also claims to have been a steelworker at one point.
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Michael Searles
Regency architect Michael Searles (1750–1813) was famous as an English commercial architect of large houses, particularly in London. His most notable achievement is perhaps The Paragon in Blackheath.
Searles was the son of a Greenwich surveyor, also named Michael Searles (c.1722-1799), who served (from 1765) as surveyor to Morden College in Blackheath. The Searles formed an unofficial father and son partnership producing plans in and around Greenwich before Searles junior set up his own practice.
Landowner John Cator granted development leases to Searles and builder William Dyer to design and build a series of high quality dwellings, intended to appeal to upper middle class buyers, situated on the south-east side of Blackheath. Facing the heath, South Row and Montpelier Row were erected from 1794 to 1805.
However, Searles' masterpiece was the adjacent Paragon, a 14-house perfect crescent occupying a semicircular plot in the corner of the Heath. The Paragon (today Grade 1 listed buildings) comprises seven blocks of semi-detached houses, each linked by a single story colonnade, with a lodge house at each end. Each house was different internally: Searles would provide the buyer with a brick shell which could then be fitted out to suit the buyer’s tastes and budget. However, the scheme nearly ruined Searles financially; the development took ten years to build, with the last house not occupied until 1805.
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Norman Collins
Norman Collins (3 October 1907 – 1982) was a British writer, and later a radio and television executive, who became one of the major figures behind the establishment of the Independent Television (ITV) network in the UK. This was the first organisation to break the BBC’s broadcasting monopoly when it began transmitting in 1955.
Collins began his career as an editorial assistant at the Oxford University Press in London. He left around 1930, apparently after a dispute over his low salary, and went to work under Robert Lynd as a Literary Editor on the London News Chronicle newspaper. Meanwhile he wrote novels, publishing several successful works such as London Belongs to Me (which was later filmed) in the 1930s. After 1935 he worked in broadcasting as a producer for BBC Radio. In 1946 he was appointed the Controller of the Light Programme, the BBC’s more populist, entertainment-based radio service which had grown out of the BBC Forces Programme first established to entertain allied troops, but which had also become hugely popular with domestic audiences, during the Second World War.
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Oliver Letwin
Oliver Letwin MP FRSA (born 19 May 1956, in Hampstead)[citation needed] is a British politician. A member of the Conservative Party, he is currently the Minister of State at the Cabinet Office, and a Member of Parliament (MP) representing the constituency of West Dorset. He is also the Chairman of the Conservative Research Department and Chairman of the Conservative Party's Policy Review.
Letwin is the son of William Letwin, Emeritus Professor at the London School of Economics, and conservative academic Shirley Letwin. Letwin was educated at Hall School in Hampstead and Eton College. He went on to study at Trinity College, Cambridge. Whilst a student at Cambridge, he was an active member of the Cambridge University Liberal Club. When asked about his membership of the Liberal club he explained:
"I was also a member of the Fabian Society. But I am sorry to have to tell you that this was because I was interested in the thoughts of Liberals and Fabians (and still am) rather than because I was ever a Liberal Democrat or a Fabian."
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Roy Redgrave
George Ellsworthy "Roy" Redgrave (26 April 1873 – 25 May 1922) was an English stage and silent film actor. Redgrave is considered to be the first member of the Redgrave acting dynasty.
Born George Ellsworthy Redgrave in 122 Kennington Road, Kennington, a district of Lambeth in South London in 1873, he was the eldest son of George Augustus Redgrave (1851–81), a maker of the board game Bagatelle, and Zoe Beatrice Elsworthy (née Pym, later Howard; 1856–1936). By 1897, he was professionally known as Roy Redgrave apparently in the belief that he was descended from Rob Roy. The Redgrave family originated in the Northamptonshire village of Crick. Redgrave also assumed the middle name "Elsworthy" from his mother, and his sister took the stage name Dolly Elsworthy. Redgrave was the eldest of five siblings including, Zoe Adelina "Dolly" Elsworthy (b. 1876), Cornelius (b. 1878), Christopher (b. 1879) and Harriet (b. 1880).
His first wife was actress Ellen Maud Pratt, the daughter of prosperous Devon farmer, John Dew Pratt of Buckland Monachorum. Her stage name was Judith Kyrle. They were married in Littleham cum Exmouth, Devon on 1 September 1894. Their careers reached a high point at their joint debut at the Britannia Theatre, Hoxton in April 1900 with Roy billed as "The Dramatic Cock o' the North". They had three children, John Kyrle born in 1895, Robin Roy (father of Major-General Sir Roy Redgrave) born in 1897 and Nellie Maud born in 1898.[citation needed]
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Samuel Prout
Samuel Prout (September 17, 1783 - February 10, 1852) was one of the masters of British watercolour architectural painting. Prout secured the position of Painter in Water-Colours in Ordinary to King George IV in 1829 and afterwards to Queen Victoria. John Ruskin, whose work often emulated Prout's, wrote in 1844, "Sometimes I tire of Turner, but never of Prout". Prout is often compared to his contemporaries; Turner, Gainsborough, Constable and Ruskin, whom he taught.
He was born at Plymouth, the fourth of fourteen children born to Samuel Prout Senior, a naval outfitter in the dockyard city, and Mary Cater. Attending Plymouth Grammar School he came under the influence of Headmaster Dr. John Bidlake who encouraged the young Prout and Benjamin Robert Haydon in their artistic apprenticeship. They spent whole summer days drawing the quiet cottages, rustic bridges and romantic watermills of the beautiful valleys of Devon. With John Britton, he made a journey through Cornwall to try his hand in furnishing sketches for Britton's Beauties of England. In 1803 he moved to London, where he stayed until 1812. Marrying Elizabeth Gillespie in 1810, they had four children; Rebecca Elizabeth(1813), Elizabeth Delsey(1817), Isabella Anne(1820), and Samuel Gllespie(1822).
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Sarah Waters
Sarah Waters (born 21 July 1966) is a Welsh novelist. She is best known for her novels set in Victorian society and featuring lesbian protagonists, such as Tipping the Velvet and Fingersmith.
Sarah Waters was born in Neyland, Pembrokeshire, Wales in 1966.
She grew up in a family that included her father Ron, mother Mary, and a sister. Her mother was a housewife and her father an engineer who worked on oil refineries. She describes her family as "pretty idyllic, very safe and nurturing". Her father, "a fantastically creative person", encouraged her to build and invent.
Waters said, "When I picture myself as a child, I see myself constructing something, out of plasticine or papier-mâché or Meccano; I used to enjoy writing poems and stories, too." She wrote stories and poems that she describes as "dreadful gothic pastiches", but had not planned her career. Despite her obvious enjoyment of writing, she did not feel any special calling or preference for becoming a novelist in her youth.
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Stephen Hesford
Stephen Hesford (born 27 May 1957) is a British Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Wirral West from 1997 to 2010. Since leaving parliament he has become a guest lecturer at the University of Chester.
Hesford was born in Lowton St Mary's, near Leigh, Lancashire and was educated at the Urmston Grammar School and the University of Bradford where he was awarded a BSc in Social Science in 1978. He went on to study at the Polytechnic of Central London and earned his LLM in 1980. He was called to the bar at Gray's Inn in 1981 and worked as a criminal law barrister in Altrincham, Cheshire until his election to Parliament.
He worked as an assistant to Joan Lestor, Labour MP for Eccles, in 1992 and also contested that year's General Election in South Suffolk where he finished in third place, 18,170 votes behind the sitting Conservative MP and junior environment minister Tim Yeo. He was elected to the House of Commons at the 1997 General Election for Wirral West when he defeated the former Cabinet minister David Hunt by 2,738 votes. He made his maiden speech on 3 July 1997, in which he recalled a constituency predecessor and former Commons Speaker Selwyn Lloyd.
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Sydney Smirke
Sydney Smirke, architect, (1798 – 8 December 1877) was born in London, England, the younger brother of Sir Robert Smirke, also an architect. Their father, also Robert Smirke, had been a well-known 18th Century painter.
Sydney Smirke's works include:
He received the RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 1860. He became an associate of the Royal Academy in 1847 and was elected a full Academician in 1859. He served as RA Treasurer from 1861 to 1874, and was professor of Architecture from 1860 to 1865.
He married Isabella Dobson, daughter of Newcastle upon Tyne architect John Dobson on 8 December 1840 at Newcastle upon Tyne.
Among Smirke's numerous apprentices was the successful York architect George Fowler Jones.
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The Times
The Times is a British daily national newspaper, first published in London in 1785 under the title The Daily Universal Register (it became The Times on 1 January 1788). The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times (founded in 1821) are published by Times Newspapers, since 1981 a subsidiary of News International, itself wholly owned by the News Corporation group headed by Rupert Murdoch. The Times and The Sunday Times do not share editorial staff, were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1967.
The Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name, lending it to numerous other papers around the world, including The Times of India (1838), The Straits Times (1845), The New York Times (1851), The Irish Times (1859), the Los Angeles Times (1881), The Seattle Times (1891), The Daily Times (Malawi) (1900), The Canberra Times (1926), and The Times (Malta) (1935). For distinguishing purposes it is therefore sometimes referred to, particularly in North America, as the "London Times" or "The Times of London".
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Vincent van Gogh
Vincent Willem van Gogh (UK /ˌvæn ˈɡɒx/, US /ˌvæn ˈɡoʊ/;Dutch: [vɑŋ ˈɣɔχ] (
listen); 30 March 1853 – 29 July 1890) was a Dutch post-Impressionist painter whose work, notable for its rough beauty, emotional honesty, and bold color, had a far-reaching influence on 20th-century art. After years of painful anxiety and frequent bouts of mental illness, he died at the age of 37 from a gunshot wound, generally accepted to be self-inflicted (although no gun was ever found). His work was then known to only a handful of people and appreciated by fewer still.
Van Gogh began to draw as a child, and he continued to draw throughout the years that led up to his decision to become an artist. He did not begin painting until his late twenties, completing many of his best-known works during the last two years of his life. In just over a decade, he produced more than 2,100 artworks, consisting of 860 oil paintings and more than 1,300 watercolors, drawings, sketches and prints. His work included self portraits, landscapes, still lifes of flowers, portraits and paintings of cypresses, wheat fields and sunflowers.
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W. Somerset Maugham
William Somerset Maugham (/ˈmɔːm/ MAWM), CH (25 January 1874 – 16 December 1965) was an English playwright, novelist and short story writer. He was among the most popular writers of his era and reputedly the highest paid author during the 1930s.
Maugham's father Robert Ormond Maugham was an English lawyer who handled the legal affairs of the British embassy in Paris, France. Since French law declared that all children born on French soil could be conscripted for military service, his father arranged for Maugham to be born at the embassy, technically on British soil. His grandfather, another Robert, had also been a prominent lawyer and co-founder of the English Law Society. It was taken for granted that Maugham and his brothers would follow in their footsteps. His elder brother Viscount Maugham enjoyed a distinguished legal career and served as Lord Chancellor from 1938 to 1939.
Maugham's mother Edith Mary (née Snell) had tuberculosis, a condition for which her doctor prescribed childbirth. She had Maugham several years after the last of his three older brothers; they were already enrolled in boarding school by the time he was three. The youngest, he was effectively raised as an only child.
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William Blake
William Blake (28 November 1757 – 12 August 1827) was an English poet, painter, and printmaker. Largely unrecognised during his lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal figure in the history of both the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age. His prophetic poetry has been said to form "what is in proportion to its merits the least read body of poetry in the English language". His visual artistry has led one contemporary art critic to proclaim him "far and away the greatest artist Britain has ever produced". Although he lived in London his entire life except for three years spent in Felpham he produced a diverse and symbolically rich corpus, which embraced the imagination as "the body of God", or "Human existence itself".
Considered mad by contemporaries for his idiosyncratic views, Blake is held in high regard by later critics for his expressiveness and creativity, and for the philosophical and mystical undercurrents within his work. His paintings and poetry have been characterised as part of both the Romantic movement and "Pre-Romantic", for its large appearance in the 18th century. Reverent of the Bible but hostile to the Church of England – indeed, to all forms of organised religion – Blake was influenced by the ideals and ambitions of the French and American revolutions, as well as by such thinkers as Jakob Böhme and Emanuel Swedenborg. Despite these known influences, the singularity of Blake's work makes him difficult to classify. The 19th-century scholar William Rossetti characterised Blake as a "glorious luminary," and as "a man not forestalled by predecessors, nor to be classed with contemporaries, nor to be replaced by known or readily surmisable successors".
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William Bligh
Vice Admiral William Bligh, FRS, RN (9 September 1754 – 7 December 1817) was an officer of the British Royal Navy and a colonial administrator. A notorious mutiny occurred during his command of HMAV Bounty in 1789; Bligh and his loyal men made a remarkable voyage to Timor, after being set adrift in the Bounty's launch by the mutineers. Fifteen years after the Bounty mutiny, he was appointed Governor of New South Wales in Australia, with orders to clean up the corrupt rum trade of the New South Wales Corps, resulting in the so-called Rum Rebellion.
The name Bligh comes from the Cornish language word Blyth meaning Wolf.
Bligh was born in St Tudy near Bodmin in Cornwall to Francis and Jane (Balsam) Bligh. He was signed for the Royal Navy at age seven, it being common to sign on a "young gentleman" simply to gain experience at sea required for promotion. In 1770, at age 16, he joined HMS Hunter as an able seaman, the term used because there was no vacancy for a midshipman. He became a midshipman early in the following year. In September 1771, Bligh was transferred to the Crescent and remained on the ship for three years.
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William Booth
William Booth (10 April 1829 – 20 August 1912) was a British Methodist preacher who founded The Salvation Army and became its first General (1878–1912). The Christian movement with a quasi-military structure and government founded in 1865 has spread from London, England to many parts of the world and is known for being one of the largest distributors of humanitarian aid.
William Booth was born in Sneinton, Nottingham, England, the only son of four surviving children born to Samuel Booth and Mary Moss.
Booth's father was wealthy by the standards of the time, but during his childhood, as a result of bad investments, the family descended into poverty and his father became an alcoholic. In 1842, Samuel Booth, who by then was bankrupt, could no longer afford his son's school fees, and 13-year-old William Booth was apprenticed to a pawnbroker. Samuel Booth died later that same year.
Two years into his apprenticeship Booth was converted to salvation and Methodism. He then read extensively and trained himself in writing and in speech, becoming a Methodist lay preacher. Booth was encouraged to be an evangelist primarily through his best friend, Will Sansom. Sansom and Booth both began in the 1840s to preach to the poor and the sinners of Nottingham, and Booth would probably have remained as Sansom's partner in his new Mission ministry, as Sansom titled it, had Sansom not died of tuberculosis, in 1848.
wn.com/William_Booth -
William Hogarth
William Hogarth (10 November 1697 – 26 October 1764) was an English painter, printmaker, pictorial satirist, social critic and editorial cartoonist who has been credited with pioneering western sequential art. His work ranged from realistic portraiture to comic strip-like series of pictures called "modern moral subjects". Knowledge of his work is so pervasive that satirical political illustrations in this style are often referred to as "Hogarthian."
William Hogarth was born at Bartholomew Close in London to Richard Hogarth, a poor Latin school teacher and textbook writer, and Anne Gibbons. In his youth he was apprenticed to the engraver Ellis Gamble in Leicester Fields, where he learned to engrave trade cards and similar products. Young Hogarth also took a lively interest in the street life of the metropolis and the London fairs, and amused himself by sketching the characters he saw. Around the same time, his father, who had opened an unsuccessful Latin-speaking coffee house at St John's Gate, was imprisoned for debt in Fleet Prison for five years. Hogarth never spoke of his father's imprisonment.[citation needed]
wn.com/William_Hogarth -
William Hosking
William Hosking FSA (26 November 1800 – 2 August 1861) was a writer, lecturer, and architect who had an important influence on the growth and development of London in Victorian times. He became the first Professor of Architecture at King's College London, and associated this discipline in a scholarly fashion with interests in town planning, civil engineering, history and antiquities.
William Hosking was born at Buckfastleigh in Devon, the son of a woolen manufacturer. In 1809 he emigrated with this parents to New South Wales (which was federated in 1901 to form Australia), where his father, whose business interests in Devon had been doing poorly, had accepted a government office. It was here that William Hosking's architectural career began for he was apprenticed to a surveyor and builder. This profession continued to interest William Hosking when, in 1819, he returned to England to seek further training, becoming articled to a Wesleyan Minister turned architect, the Rev. William Jenkins.
wn.com/William_Hosking -
William Tallon
William John Stephenson Tallon, RVM (12 November 1935 – 23 November 2007) was a steward and extrovert member of the Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother's staff at Clarence House.
Tallon was born in Coventry where he also went to school. He became interested in the Royal Family, and began collecting newspaper articles in a scrapbook.[citation needed]
Tallon's first job in the Royal Household was as a junior assistant, at Easter Court at Windsor. This was in 1951 when he was aged 15. He had been writing letters asking for work with the Household for the previous five years.
He was later employed at Buckingham Palace. He was set to join Queen Elizabeth II on her Commonwealth tour in 1953-1954 but was kept back and did National Service with the RAF. Subsequently, he then asked the Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother if he could work at Clarence House. She agreed, and he remained with her until her death in 2002. He became Steward and Page of the Backstairs, the page closest to the Queen Mother. He was given the nickname Backstairs Billy.
wn.com/William_Tallon
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The Kennington Loop
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:44
- Updated: 29 Oct 2012
If you travel on a southbound Northern line train from Waterloo or any other station on the Charing Cross branch, it will normally terminate at Kennington. But what happens if you don't get off the train? The answer is that it carries on south into a big loop of track that is not used for normal passenger services, taking you right back into Kennington station ready to form the next northbound service again on the Charing Cross branch. This is known as the Kennington loop, and legend has it that it is haunted. A must-do for every railway geek. By the way you're officially not allowed to travel around the loop. But if you keep a low profile I'm sure you'll get away with it. Can you see any ghosts? Muahahahaha!!
http://wn.com/The_Kennington_Loop
If you travel on a southbound Northern line train from Waterloo or any other station on the Charing Cross branch, it will normally terminate at Kennington. But what happens if you don't get off the train? The answer is that it carries on south into a big loop of track that is not used for normal passenger services, taking you right back into Kennington station ready to form the next northbound service again on the Charing Cross branch. This is known as the Kennington loop, and legend has it that it is haunted. A must-do for every railway geek. By the way you're officially not allowed to travel around the loop. But if you keep a low profile I'm sure you'll get away with it. Can you see any ghosts? Muahahahaha!!
Kennington (Northern Line)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:39
- Updated: 22 Dec 2011
Kennington (Northern Line) Features Come The Weekend Country Version By Dun The Veil
http://wn.com/Kennington_Northern_Line
Kennington (Northern Line) Features Come The Weekend Country Version By Dun The Veil
- published: 01 Oct 2011
- views: 10402
- author: eskb1
London Tram 1949, Kennington Road, Passport to Pimlico
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:59
- Updated: 21 Aug 2012
London Tram 1949,On the Kennington Road, from the classic film, Passport to Pimlico. see double decker trams and lots of other wonderful vintage vehicles.
http://wn.com/London_Tram_1949,_Kennington_Road,_Passport_to_Pimlico
London Tram 1949,On the Kennington Road, from the classic film, Passport to Pimlico. see double decker trams and lots of other wonderful vintage vehicles.
- published: 04 Jun 2012
- views: 605
- author: NODDINGCAT
Oxford Circus to Kennington Park Bus Trip
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 29:13
- Updated: 27 Jun 2012
Recorded my journey by bus in London. It was a Sunday 5th February, it had snowed the night before but was all melting away as you can see. The bus is a number 3 running between Oxford Circus and Crystal Palace. I got off at Kennington Post office near Kennington Park.
http://wn.com/Oxford_Circus_to_Kennington_Park_Bus_Trip
Recorded my journey by bus in London. It was a Sunday 5th February, it had snowed the night before but was all melting away as you can see. The bus is a number 3 running between Oxford Circus and Crystal Palace. I got off at Kennington Post office near Kennington Park.
- published: 25 Feb 2012
- views: 159
- author: gogocartoons
Kennington - Wiki Article
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 41:19
- Updated: 01 Nov 2012
Kennington is a district situated mostly in Central London, England, with a small part around The Oval classed as South London. It is within Inner London and is mainly within the London Borough of La... Kennington - Wiki Article - wikiplays.org Original @ http All Information Derived from Wikipedia using Creative Commons License: en.wikipedia.org Author: Stephen McKay Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: Unknown Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:This image is ineligible for copyright and therefore is in the public domain, because it consists entirely of information that is common property and contains no original authorship., This work is in the Public Domain., This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: not identified Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:This image is ineligible for copyright and therefore is in the public domain, because it consists entirely of information that is common property and contains no original authorship., This work is in the Public Domain., This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: John Salmon Image URL: en.wikipedia.org
http://wn.com/Kennington_Wiki_Article
Kennington is a district situated mostly in Central London, England, with a small part around The Oval classed as South London. It is within Inner London and is mainly within the London Borough of La... Kennington - Wiki Article - wikiplays.org Original @ http All Information Derived from Wikipedia using Creative Commons License: en.wikipedia.org Author: Stephen McKay Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:Creative Commons ASA 3.0, This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: Unknown Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:This image is ineligible for copyright and therefore is in the public domain, because it consists entirely of information that is common property and contains no original authorship., This work is in the Public Domain., This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: not identified Image URL: en.wikipedia.org Licensed under:This image is ineligible for copyright and therefore is in the public domain, because it consists entirely of information that is common property and contains no original authorship., This work is in the Public Domain., This work is in the public domain in the United States. Author: John Salmon Image URL: en.wikipedia.org
- published: 01 Nov 2012
- views: 128
- author: WikiPlays
Budget Cam #5 Clapham and Kennington Bowl
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:49
- Updated: 06 Jun 2012
Budget Cam and Clapham Common and Kennington Bowl Soul Rebels- Sweet Dreams are made of this and a little bit of the Libertines go buy them Skaters: Dylan Esposito George Booth Cole Curtis Pearl Heelflip Sam Me Louis Woodhead Sol Caldicott-Doorsen Robert Gifford Harry Boorman
http://wn.com/Budget_Cam_5_Clapham_and_Kennington_Bowl
Budget Cam and Clapham Common and Kennington Bowl Soul Rebels- Sweet Dreams are made of this and a little bit of the Libertines go buy them Skaters: Dylan Esposito George Booth Cole Curtis Pearl Heelflip Sam Me Louis Woodhead Sol Caldicott-Doorsen Robert Gifford Harry Boorman
- published: 31 May 2012
- views: 345
- author: woodhead1995
Barney Barneys (Team Singdayt) first muay thai interclub fight 24/11/12 Team Tieu Kennington.MOV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:01
- Updated: 24 Nov 2012
My first muay thai inter-club fight 24/11/12 at Team Tieu's Kennington venue. Thanks to everyone at team Singdayt especially Coach Damon. 1min x 5 rounds, power down rule (no trying to kill your oppenonent), no judges decision.... just pure muay thai fun :)
http://wn.com/Barney_Barneys_Team_Singdayt_first_muay_thai_interclub_fight_24_11_12_Team_Tieu_KenningtonMOV
My first muay thai inter-club fight 24/11/12 at Team Tieu's Kennington venue. Thanks to everyone at team Singdayt especially Coach Damon. 1min x 5 rounds, power down rule (no trying to kill your oppenonent), no judges decision.... just pure muay thai fun :)
- published: 24 Nov 2012
- views: 199
- author: barneybarneymusic
Northern Line from Waterloo to Kennington (Southbound Chari
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:43
- Updated: 28 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Northern_Line_from_Waterloo_to_Kennington_Southbound_Chari
- published: 28 Nov 2012
- views: 1
- author: PoKeR123484
Northern Line Kennington Loop
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:17
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
Northern Line Kennington Loop
http://wn.com/Northern_Line_Kennington_Loop
Northern Line Kennington Loop
- published: 30 Aug 2012
- views: 829
- author: X2K9
Converse Skateboarding - Fix to Ride: Kennington
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:34
- Updated: 20 Nov 2012
With huge cracks and uneven surface that had developed over the 35 years since its initial launch, the historic bowl at Kennington in London was almost unusable. But after two action-packed weeks of renovation, the fixed-up bowl was unveiled on May 26th to an excited crowd who gathered in the London sunshine to witness the celebration along with an epic Converse UK Skateboarding competition. As part of the competition, some of the UK's top skate stores battled it out until 'Rollersnakes' came out on top, taking home the winning prize along with the bragging rights of becoming London's first Fix to Ride champions. The Fix to Ride Kennington bowl is located at the northern end of Kennington Park in London and is now open for the skate community. Fix to Ride is Converse's global platform that sets out to improve derelict concrete skate parks, refurbishing and reviving them for the local community.
http://wn.com/Converse_Skateboarding_Fix_to_Ride_Kennington
With huge cracks and uneven surface that had developed over the 35 years since its initial launch, the historic bowl at Kennington in London was almost unusable. But after two action-packed weeks of renovation, the fixed-up bowl was unveiled on May 26th to an excited crowd who gathered in the London sunshine to witness the celebration along with an epic Converse UK Skateboarding competition. As part of the competition, some of the UK's top skate stores battled it out until 'Rollersnakes' came out on top, taking home the winning prize along with the bragging rights of becoming London's first Fix to Ride champions. The Fix to Ride Kennington bowl is located at the northern end of Kennington Park in London and is now open for the skate community. Fix to Ride is Converse's global platform that sets out to improve derelict concrete skate parks, refurbishing and reviving them for the local community.
- published: 06 Jun 2012
- views: 3762
- author: converse
Portraits Like Bombs: Eric Kennington and the Second World War
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 48:56
- Updated: 02 Aug 2012
Dr Jonathan Black, Senior Research Fellow in History of Art at Kingston University, discusses the life and work of Eric Kennington. The lecture focuses on Kennington's Second World War images of infantry soldiers, tankmen, home guardsmen and generals. Part of the Lunchtime Lectures series - a programme of free talks that takes place at the National Army Museum in London every Thursday at 12.30pm. Follow the National Army Museum on: - Facebook: www.facebook.com - Twitter: twitter.com
http://wn.com/Portraits_Like_Bombs_Eric_Kennington_and_the_Second_World_War
Dr Jonathan Black, Senior Research Fellow in History of Art at Kingston University, discusses the life and work of Eric Kennington. The lecture focuses on Kennington's Second World War images of infantry soldiers, tankmen, home guardsmen and generals. Part of the Lunchtime Lectures series - a programme of free talks that takes place at the National Army Museum in London every Thursday at 12.30pm. Follow the National Army Museum on: - Facebook: www.facebook.com - Twitter: twitter.com
- published: 16 Apr 2012
- views: 1475
- author: NationalArmyMuseumUK
ncats kawartha DJ Kennington celebrates title 092212
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:55
- Updated: 23 Sep 2012
DJ Kennington celebrates his seventh win of the season and his second NASCAR Canadian Tire Series presented by Mobil 1 championship in three years Saturday at Kawartha Speedway in Frazierville, Ont., Canada, on Saturday, Sept. 22, 2012.
http://wn.com/ncats_kawartha_DJ_Kennington_celebrates_title_092212
DJ Kennington celebrates his seventh win of the season and his second NASCAR Canadian Tire Series presented by Mobil 1 championship in three years Saturday at Kawartha Speedway in Frazierville, Ont., Canada, on Saturday, Sept. 22, 2012.
- published: 23 Sep 2012
- views: 484
- author: NASCARHomeTracks
(HD) Onboard Northern Line 1995TS 51572-51573 | Kennington - Kennington (Via Kennington Loop.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:26
- Updated: 01 Nov 2012
(HD) Onboard Northern Line 1995TS 51572-51573 Kennington - Kennington (Via Kennington Loop. Thanks for Watching Hornbylad1000, home of the upcoming Units, Units and Units series. Please subscribe and feel free to leave a like if you wish :) A.Nevlar Rail Films 2012.
http://wn.com/HD_Onboard_Northern_Line_1995TS_51572-51573_|_Kennington_Kennington_Via_Kennington_Loop
(HD) Onboard Northern Line 1995TS 51572-51573 Kennington - Kennington (Via Kennington Loop. Thanks for Watching Hornbylad1000, home of the upcoming Units, Units and Units series. Please subscribe and feel free to leave a like if you wish :) A.Nevlar Rail Films 2012.
- published: 15 Oct 2012
- views: 129
- author: HornbyLad1000
London Oktoberfest 2012 at Kennington Park
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:35
- Updated: 23 Sep 2012
www.demotix.com The first day of London Oktoberfest 2012 festival at Kennington Park. People dance on top of the tables and benches and cheer while knocking glasses together. ©See Li Phototoday2008 London International friends/facebook londoninternationalsfriends.ning.com londoninternationalsfriends.blogspot.co.uk see1008.wix.com
http://wn.com/London_Oktoberfest_2012_at_Kennington_Park
www.demotix.com The first day of London Oktoberfest 2012 festival at Kennington Park. People dance on top of the tables and benches and cheer while knocking glasses together. ©See Li Phototoday2008 London International friends/facebook londoninternationalsfriends.ning.com londoninternationalsfriends.blogspot.co.uk see1008.wix.com
- published: 23 Sep 2012
- views: 517
- author: loveofpeace
Aqualisa Shower Repairs London, Kennington, Thermostatic Mixer Valve Replacement
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:22
- Updated: 17 Nov 2012
Aqualisa Shower Repairs London, Kennington, Thermostatic Mixer Valve Replacement
http://wn.com/Aqualisa_Shower_Repairs_London,_Kennington,_Thermostatic_Mixer_Valve_Replacement
Aqualisa Shower Repairs London, Kennington, Thermostatic Mixer Valve Replacement
- published: 26 Mar 2012
- views: 2596
- author: Paul Brassett
dj kennington postrace ncats antigonish 091512
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:42
- Updated: 23 Sep 2012
DJ Kennington after winning the Wilson Equipment 300 in NASCAR Canadian Tire Series presented by Mobil1 action on Sept. 15, 2012 at Riverside International Speedway in Antigonish, NS
http://wn.com/dj_kennington_postrace_ncats_antigonish_091512
DJ Kennington after winning the Wilson Equipment 300 in NASCAR Canadian Tire Series presented by Mobil1 action on Sept. 15, 2012 at Riverside International Speedway in Antigonish, NS
- published: 16 Sep 2012
- views: 277
- author: NASCARHomeTracks
Diablohuma. Renacer.r en Londres, Kennington park
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:59
- Updated: 15 Sep 2012
http://wn.com/Diablohuma_Renacerr_en_Londres,_Kennington_park
- published: 29 Jul 2012
- views: 328
- author: Justin Gomez
The Kennington Loop Ghost
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:28
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
In which I do the epic journey of Kennington, to Kennington....
http://wn.com/The_Kennington_Loop_Ghost
In which I do the epic journey of Kennington, to Kennington....
- published: 05 Oct 2012
- views: 195
- author: Ravenjak49
Oktoberfest: Albfetza Rocks the Stage in Kennington Park
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:35
- Updated: 21 Sep 2012
German group Albfetza played on the first day of London Oktoberfest in Kennington Park. People were dancing on top of the tables and benches. "Albfetza" traveled from southern Germany to play. Oktoberfest: Albfetza Rocks the Stage in Kennington Park. Video by See Li, www.demotix.com
http://wn.com/Oktoberfest_Albfetza_Rocks_the_Stage_in_Kennington_Park
German group Albfetza played on the first day of London Oktoberfest in Kennington Park. People were dancing on top of the tables and benches. "Albfetza" traveled from southern Germany to play. Oktoberfest: Albfetza Rocks the Stage in Kennington Park. Video by See Li, www.demotix.com
- published: 21 Sep 2012
- views: 257
- author: Demotix
Derrick Kennington MMA highlight
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:43
- Updated: 27 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Derrick_Kennington_MMA_highlight
- published: 25 Oct 2012
- views: 958
- author: derrickakadk
dj kennington postrace ncats saskatoon 072512
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:52
- Updated: 26 Jul 2012
DJ Kennington talks about his record-extending fifth consecutive NASCAR Canadian Tire Series presented by Mobil 1 victory on July 25, 2012 at Auto Clearing Motor Speedway in Saskatoon, Sask., in the Velocity Prairie Thunder.
http://wn.com/dj_kennington_postrace_ncats_saskatoon_072512
DJ Kennington talks about his record-extending fifth consecutive NASCAR Canadian Tire Series presented by Mobil 1 victory on July 25, 2012 at Auto Clearing Motor Speedway in Saskatoon, Sask., in the Velocity Prairie Thunder.
- published: 26 Jul 2012
- views: 363
- author: NASCARHomeTracks
VLOG Australia Nature ( Kennington)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:35
- Updated: 25 Jul 2012
This Vlog is showing off the little places and events of Australia, mainly Victoria as this is where I live. I will keep videoing as I visit places nearby and put them up for your chance to see and hopefully enjoy. Please let me know what you think. I am a novice at Vlogging and Sony Vegas, so bare with me. Music is by Kevin MacLeod. Easy Lemon and Danse Morialta (Incompetech.com)
http://wn.com/VLOG_Australia_Nature_Kennington
This Vlog is showing off the little places and events of Australia, mainly Victoria as this is where I live. I will keep videoing as I visit places nearby and put them up for your chance to see and hopefully enjoy. Please let me know what you think. I am a novice at Vlogging and Sony Vegas, so bare with me. Music is by Kevin MacLeod. Easy Lemon and Danse Morialta (Incompetech.com)
- published: 25 Jul 2012
- views: 19
- author: Droecrest
kennington cove.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:33
- Updated: 12 Jul 2012
This video shows Leo & I spending an afternoon on beautiful Kennington Cove Beach, just outside Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island. We had a fantastic time, this is my favorite place on Earth that I have encountered so far . We are so blessed.to live so close,
http://wn.com/kennington_cove
This video shows Leo & I spending an afternoon on beautiful Kennington Cove Beach, just outside Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island. We had a fantastic time, this is my favorite place on Earth that I have encountered so far . We are so blessed.to live so close,
- published: 11 Jul 2012
- views: 51
- author: Blair Whiffen
photo: AP / Sepahnews
27 Nov 2012
WASHINGTON -- The drone wars are here. While President Obama ponders new legal and moral guidelines to govern America's growing use of armed robot aircraft, the world outside the White House is engaged in a revolutionary frenzy of building, arming and flying killer drones ... More than 50 countries operate surveillance drones and, increasingly, are fitting them with weapons. The U.S ... spy drone was shot down last December ... On Oct ... 988 miles ... ....(size: 8.4Kb)
photo: AP / Jerome Delay
27 Nov 2012
M23 rebels controlling the eastern city of Goma in the DR Congo have said they are not about to withdraw as demanded by regional leaders. The rebels said on Tuesday there were still in charge of Goma, just hours after General Aronda Nyakairima, the head of the Ugandan military, was quoted by the Reuters news agency as saying that their leader, Sultani Makenga, had told him he would pull out of Goma and Sake ... 276 Source. ... Share ... News ... ;">....(size: 17.7Kb)
photo: UN / Jan Golinski
27 Nov 2012
Doha conference is warned that climate models do not yet take account of methane in thawing permafrost. Frozen ground in Siberia. Permafrost covers nearly a quarter of the northern hemisphere. Photograph. Francis Latreille/Corbis. The United Nations sounded a stark warning on the threat to the climate from methane in the thawing permafrost as governments met for the second day of climate change negotiations in Doha, Qatar ... ....(size: 5.3Kb)
photo: UN / Rick Bajornas
28 Nov 2012
By Victor Kotsev. Thursday is shaping up as a big day in Palestinian history. Exactly 65 years after the United Nations resolution partitioning British Mandatory Palestine was adopted (and rejected at the time by the Arabs), the General Assembly will vote on Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas's proposal for non-member state status for Palestine within the borders of the period between the 1948 and the 1967 wars ... Â. Palestinian horizon....(size: 16.8Kb)
photo: AP / SANA
28 Nov 2012
Nov. 28, 2012. A Syrian soldier, right, and citizens gather at an alley that was destroyed by two cars bombs in a suburb of Damascus, Syria.AP. BEIRUT – Twin car bombs ripped through a Damascus suburb Wednesday, killing at least 34 people and leaving dozens critically wounded, according to state media and hospital officials. The state news agency, SANA, said two cars packed with explosives detonated at 6.45 Wednesday morning....(size: 2.9Kb)
noodls
29 Nov 2012
Latest. Advice for householders at risk of flooding. All property owners, particularly those who have property in the floodplain and close to watercourses, are urged to take action to protect property from flooding. There is information on sandbags below ... Sandbags ... Abingdon Road in Oxford is closed for its entire length from Folly Bridge at the city end up to the Kennington Roundabout due to flooding at the Weir's Lane junction....(size: 9.5Kb)
BBC News
27 Nov 2012
Several roads in Oxford have been closed because of increased flooding. Areas affected by the rising water levels include Abingdon Road, Binsey Lane and Seacourt Park and Ride. Oxford resident Dominic Utton said. "There is a feeling that the flooding could go either way - we're on a knife edge." ... Abingdon Road is closed between the city end by Folly Bridge up until the Kennington Roundabout due to flooding at the Weir's Lane junction ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)
The Observer
25 Nov 2012
Protesters and organisers gather for the demo. Photograph. David Levene. While there are several reasonable explanations for the low turn-out for the recent student demonstration in London (3-4,000, compared with 50,000 two years ago), no one seemed to be asking the question ... Then, there was the rubbish weather, the fact that the march went to Kennington rather than juicy government territory ... So let's get this straight ... To anybody ... Share ... ....(size: 8.7Kb)
The Independent
22 Nov 2012
Drums, music, chants and banners supported the thousands of students from education institutions across the country who had come to London to march against government cuts in education and the recent rise in tuition fees. The demonstration certainly added some colour and life to a dull day in the city ... The route took people from Temple Place to Kennington Park passing iconic buildings such as Westminster and the Houses of Parliament ... ....(size: 3.3Kb)
The Daily Telegraph
22 Nov 2012
A student protest ended in farce yesterday after the president of the NUS was pelted with eggs and a satsuma before being forced off stage at a rally. As the rally began, chants of 'NUS, shame on you' could be heard Photo. Facundo Arrizzabalaga/EPA. By John-Paul Ford Rojas ... Comments ... The march culminated in a rally at Kennington Park in south London but the event was called off after it was disrupted by a small number of activists ... ....(size: 11.4Kb)
The Independent
22 Nov 2012
David Nicholls, Marina Lewycka and Peep Show. creator Jesse Armstrong are among the authors who have contributed to a new. anthology of short stories inspired by pop songs. Too Much Too Young. will be launched next week by Book Slam, the literary club night, with a series ... By Jesse Armstrong ... Now, back in Kennington, up on the third floor, he had the radio turned up loud so he could just about hear the speculation above the shower water ... §....(size: 28.5Kb)
The Independent
22 Nov 2012
David Nicholls, Marina Lewycka and Peep Show creator Jesse Armstrong are among the authors who have contributed to a new anthology of short stories inspired by pop songs ... For Too Much Too Young, the 12 writers were given just one rule ... By Jesse Armstrong ... But it didn’t feel like that ... Now, back in Kennington, up on the third floor, he had the radio turned up loud so he could just about hear the speculation above the shower water ... Riz ... ‘Oh....(size: 28.4Kb)
The Guardian
21 Nov 2012
Students march to a protest rally in Kennington, south London, under the banner ‘Educate, Employ, Empower’ ... The NUS had hoped to attract 10,000 students to the march, but on a blustery windswept day and amid apparent disillusionment, only between 3,000 and 4,000 made the trip across central London, over Westminster bridge and down to Kennington Park at the Oval....(size: 7.0Kb)
The Guardian
21 Nov 2012
NUS rally abandoned after its president, Liam Burns, is heckled and forced from the stage ... Photograph. LSE Students' Union ... As the rally in Kennington Park began, chants of "NUS, shame on you, where the fuck have you brought us to" could be heard ... Earlier around 10,000 people set off from Temple underground station, marched along the Embankment, past parliament to Kennington Park, south of the Thames ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
The Independent
21 Nov 2012
The anger at tuition fee rises which currently see many university students paying £9,000 per year returned to Britain’s streets today as thousands of demonstrators marched through London ... She added ... A high police presence blocking all routes towards Whitehall provided an impenetrable barrier and the students eventually gave up and crossed Westminster Bridge, following the agreed route to the NUS rally at Kennington Park....(size: 4.6Kb)
The Guardian
21 Nov 2012
10,000 expected to demonstrate against youth unemployment, rises in tuition fees and other financial burdens facing students. Students in Edinburgh protest in 2010 ... Photograph. Murdo Macleod ... Organisers expect at least 10,000 demonstrators to gather near the Embankment, on the north side of the Thames on Wednesday morning, before a march past Parliament Square towards Kennington Park south of the river for a rally ... He said ... ....(size: 5.6Kb)
The Independent
21 Nov 2012
While a number of British students take to London’s streets in peaceful protest armed with banners, posters and organized chants many more will be running round conflict ravaged downtown Los Angeles armed with sniper rifles and shotguns. Of course, this second group are online and playing Call of Duty ... It has just over two million views ... The assertion that ‘sorry’s not good enough’ is being paraded around Kennington Park as I write ... ....(size: 5.3Kb)
The Guardian
20 Nov 2012
Two in five undergrads are considering quitting over concerns about debt and poor job prospects, survey shows. Students are struggling to feel positive about their futures. Photograph. Alamy ... Of these, almost half (49%) said money worries were a key factor in considering whether to drop out ... Students will march from Temple Place in central London to Kennington Park in south London where a rally is due to take place ... ....(size: 3.2Kb)
For other places with the same name, see Kennington (disambiguation).
Coordinates: 51°28′53″N 0°07′11″W / 51.4813°N 0.1197°W / 51.4813; -0.1197
| Kennington | |
 Kennington Park |
|
 Kennington
Kennington shown within Greater London |
|
| OS grid reference | TQ305775 |
|---|---|
| London borough | Lambeth |
| Ceremonial county | Greater London |
| Region | London |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | LONDON |
| Postcode district | SE11 |
| Dialling code | 020 |
| Police | Metropolitan |
| Fire | London |
| Ambulance | London |
| EU Parliament | London |
| UK Parliament | Vauxhall |
| London Assembly | Lambeth and Southwark |
| List of places: UK • England • London | |
Kennington is a district situated in South London, England. It is within Inner London and is mainly within the London Borough of Lambeth, although part of the area is within the London Borough of Southwark.
It is the location of the Imperial War Museum, a national museum, and The Oval, an international cricket ground.
Kennington is situated 1.4 miles (2.3 km) south-east of Charing Cross. It is primarily a residential area, and it is a Royal manor of historical significance. Within the London post town, the district postcode for Kennington is SE11. The district is within the 020 London dialling code. Most subscriber numbers begin 77xx.
Three London Borough of Lambeth wards include Kennington: Oval, Prince's and Vassall. One London Borough of Southwark ward includes Kennington: Cathedrals (ward). The Member of Parliament for Kennington (within the Vauxhall borough constituency) is Kate Hoey (Labour Party). The population of Kennington, recorded by the 2011 Census (taking into account Oval and Prince's wards), was 21,287.
For local government administrative purposes, the London Borough of Lambeth treats Kennington as part of the North Lambeth Town Centre, which also embraces Waterloo and Vauxhall.
Contents |
History[link]
Early history[link]
The presence of a tumulus, and other significant geographical features locally, point inconclusively towards the theory that the area was regarded in ancient times as a sacred place of assembly.
Kennington appears in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Chenintune, later Kyning-ton, which may mean "place of the King", or "town of the King".[1] It was held by Teodric (Theodoric) the Goldsmith. It contained: 1 hide and 3 virgates; 3 ploughs, 4 acres (16,000 m2) of meadow. It rendered £3 annually.[2] The manor of Kennington was divided from the manor of Vauxhall by the River Effra, a tributary of the River Thames which today flows through an underground culvert.
Harthacnut, King of Denmark and King of England, died at Kennington in 1041. It was at Kennington that Harold Godwinson took the Crown the day after the death of Edward the Confessor; he is said to have placed it upon his own head. King Henry III held his court here in 1231; and, according to Matthew Paris, in 1232, Parliament was held at Kennington.
Edward III gave the manor of Kennington to his oldest son Edward, the Black Prince in 1337, and the prince then built a large royal palace between what is now Black Prince Road and Sancroft Street, near to Kennington Cross. In 1376, according to John Stow, John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster came to Kennington to escape the fury of the populace of London. Geoffrey Chaucer was employed at Kennington as Clerk of Works in 1389. He was paid 2 shillings. The manor house of Kennington remained a royal palace until the time of Henry VIII of England; Kennington was the occasional residence of Henry IV and Henry VI, and Henry VII was here before his coronation. Catherine of Aragon stayed at Kennington Palace in 1501. In 1531, at the order of King Henry VIII, most of Kennington Palace was dismantled, and the materials were used in the construction of the Palace of Whitehall.[3]
The manor of Kennington continues to be owned by the current monarch's elder son (HRH the Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall: see Dukes of Cornwall). The Duchy of Cornwall maintains a substantial property portfolio within the area.
18th century development[link]
In 1726, the title Earl of Kennington in the Peerage of Great Britain was assumed by Prince William, Duke of Cumberland.
In 1746, Francis Towneley and eight men who had taken part in the Jacobite Rising were hanged, drawn and quartered at Kennington Common.
The development of Kennington is attributable to the construction, in 1750, of Westminster Bridge. In 1751, Kennington Road was cut from Kennington Common (as it then was; now Kennington Park) to Westminster Bridge.
On 10 May 1768, at approximately the site of the Imperial War Museum today, the Massacre of St George's Fields took place. A riot started, because of the detention at the King's Bench Prison of the radical, John Wilkes - he had written an article in which he attacked King George III. The Riot Act was read, and soldiers fired upon the crowd, killing seven people.
Several houses forming a terrace on the east side of Kennington Road were constructed in the 1770s.
Cleaver Square (then called Prince's Square) was laid out in 1788. Michael Searles, architect and developer, built semi-detached houses along Kennington Park Road in the 1790s, and is credited with Marlborough House on Kennington Road.
In 1796, a house in West Square became the first station in the optical telegraph, or semaphore line, between the Admiralty in London, and Chatham and Deal in Kent, and during the Napoleonic Wars transmitted messages between Whitehall and the Royal Navy.
A fraudster from Camberwell, by the name Badger, was the last person to be hanged at Kennington Common, in 1799.
19th century[link]
The modern street pattern of Kennington was formed by the early nineteenth century; the village had become a semi-rural suburb with grand terraced houses.
In 1824, St. Mark's Church was built to the south of Kennington Common, where once there had been gallows. One of the four "Waterloo Churches" of south London — so named following the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo - the church was opened by the Archbishop of Canterbury. The vicar of the church was instrumental in enclosing the Common as a park.
The Royal Surrey Gardens, which occupied 15 acres of land to the east of Kennington Park Road, were created in 1831 by Edward Cross (zoo proprietor). There were separate cages for lions, a rhinoceros, tigers and giraffes. The gardens included a lake of about three acres and contained a variety of exotic trees and plants. In the face of competition from the Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace, the site was redeveloped in 1856 for the Surrey Music Hall: with a capacity of 12,000 seated spectators, this was the largest building of its kind in London. The music hall was destroyed by fire in 1861, and the site was used temporarily by St. Thomas' Hospital before being sold for residential development in 1877.
Imperial Court, on Kennington Lane, was built in 1836 for the Licensed Victuallers' School, and from 1921 to 1992 it was the headquarters of the Navy, Army and Air Force Institutes (NAAFI). The first stone was laid by Viscount Melbourne, in the name of King William IV.
The Oval cricket ground was leased to Surrey County Cricket Club from the Duchy of Cornwall in 1845, and the adjacent gasometers (themselves an international sporting landmark) were constructed in 1853.
Dense building and the carving-up of villas for multiple occupation caused Kennington to be "very seriously over-populated in 1859, when diphtheria appeared" (recorded by Karl Marx in Das Kapital).[4]
The church of St John the Divine, Kennington, which was to be described by the poet John Betjeman as "the most magnificent church in South London", was designed by George Edmund Street (architect of the Royal Courts of Justice on Strand, London), and was built between 1871 and 1874.
The Durning Library, at Kennington Cross, was designed in 1889 by S Sidney RJ Smith, architect of the Tate Gallery (as it then was; now Tate Britain), and is a fine example of the Gothic Revival style. The library was a gift to the people of Kennington from Jemina Durning Smith.
Also in 1889, the County of London was created, bringing within the ambit of the London County Council areas, including Kennington, which had theretofore been within the ancient county of Surrey.
Kennington station was opened as "Kennington (New Street)" in 1890 by the City of London and Southwark Subway.
The poverty map of London, created by Charles Booth in 1898-99, identifies a mixture of classifications for the streets of the district; Kennington Park Road, for example, corresponds with the description "Middle class. Well-to-do". Most streets are classified as "Mixed. Some comfortable, others poor". There are also several scattered streets which are considered to be "Poor. 18s. to 21s. a week for a moderate family".[5] The map shows that there existed in the district a great disparity of wealth and comfort between near-neighbours.
Modern history of Kennington[link]
Two social forces were at work in Kennington at different times during the twentieth century: decline, and — later — gentrification. Decline began in the early part of the twentieth century. Middle-class households ceased to employ servants and no longer sought the large houses of Kennington, preferring the suburbs of outer London. Houses in Kennington were suited to multiple occupation and were divided into flats and bedsits, providing cheap lodgings for lower-paid workers. During the Blitz, several buildings were destroyed or damaged by the Luftwaffe, although the area was not so adversely affected as many other districts of inner London.
Kennington ceased to be the administrative centre for the Metropolitan Borough of Lambeth (as it then was) in 1908. The Town Hall, built as the Lambeth Vestry Hall (Surrey) for the business of the Parish, in a neoclassical style on Kennington Road, was not large enough for the Council to properly carry out its functions. A new Town Hall was erected in Brixton, and today, the Old Town Hall is the registered office of the Countryside Alliance.
In 1913, Maud Pember Reeves selected Kennington for Round About a Pound a Week, which was a survey of social conditions in the district. She found "respectable but very poor people [who] live over a morass of such intolerable poverty that they unite instinctively to save those known to them from falling into it".[6]
In an initiative to improve the district, between 1913 and 1915, the Duchy of Cornwall set about redeveloping land. Courtenay Square, Courtenay Street, Cardigan Street, Denny Street and Denny Crescent were laid out to a design by architects Stanley Davenport Adshead, Stanley Churchill Ramsay and JD Coleridge, in a Neo-Georgian style.
In 1915, Of Human Bondage, by W. Somerset Maugham, was published. Philip Carey, the protagonist, finds lodgings in the "vulgar respectability" of Kennington.
In 1922, Lambeth Hospital on Brook Drive was created by merging the Lambeth Infirmary with the adjacent Renfrew Road Workhouse. Under the control of the London County Council, Lambeth Hospital, which had a capacity of 1,250 patients in 1939, was one of the largest hospitals in London. After the National Health Service was formed, Lambeth Hospital became an acute general hospital. In 1976, the North Wing of St. Thomas' Hospital opened; services transferred there, and Lambeth Hospital was closed. A substantial part of the site has today been redeveloped for apartments, although some buildings are occupied by the Lambeth Community Care Centre. It was in the vicinity of Lambeth Hospital that the music video for the song Come On Eileen, released in 1982 by the pop group Dexys Midnight Runners, was filmed.
Kennington station was substantially remodelled in 1925 to accommodate the Charing Cross branch of the Northern Line. Because tram and bus routes converged at Kennington, in the 1920s St. Mark's became known as the "tramwayman's church", and Kennington was referred to as the "Clapham Junction of the southern roads".[7]
By 1926, construction of the Belgrave Hospital for Children — designed by Henry Percy Adams and Charles Holden - was complete. The hospital was subsumed within the King's College Hospital Group and closed in 1985. Restoration and conversion for use as apartments was undertaken in 1994.
The London County Council erected an estate of seven blocks of flats to the south of Kennings Way and White Hart Street in 1928.
The Duchy of Cornwall, in the 1930s, engaged Louis de Soissons, architect of Welwyn Garden City, to design a number of buildings in Kennington in a Neo-Georgian style.
On 15 October 1940, the large trench air-raid shelter beneath Kennington Park was struck by a 50 lb bomb. The number of people killed remains unknown; it is believed by local historians that 104 people died. 48 bodies were recovered.
In 1945, London Belongs to Me, by Norman Collins, was published. The central setting for the novel is a boarding-house at 10, Dulcimer Street, Kennington.
Scenes from the film Passport to Pimlico were filmed in and around Kennington. The film was released in 1949.
For the United Kingdom general election, 1950, the borough constituency of Kennington — which was created for the United Kingdom general election, 1885 - was abolished.
The Brandon estate was endowed in 1962 by the London County Council with Reclining Figure No. 3: a sculpture by Henry Moore.
In 1969, the first house in St. Agnes Place was squatted. The unit was vacant, in the possession of Lambeth Council, and was to be demolished to extend Kennington Park. Squatters entered the other empty properties in St. Agnes Place and established a Rastafari temple. Lambeth Council moved, unsuccessfully, to evict the squatters in 1977. Pursuant to an Order of the High Court obtained by the Council in 2005, 21 of the houses were demolished after the squatters were evicted from those houses; the Rastafari temple was subsequently demolished in 2007.
Scenes from the 1990 film, The Krays, were shot in Kennington.
In June 1996, a protest took place outside Kennington Police Station. Brian Douglas, who sustained serious brain injury and a fractured skull during police restraint, was placed in a cell at Kennington for fourteen hours before being escorted to St. Thomas' Hospital, where he died.
Lambeth Council designated a substantial part of Kennington a Conservation Area in 1968, the boundary of which was extended in 1979 and in 1997.
A pub, "The Jolly Gardeners", on Black Prince Road, was adopted for Snatch (film) and cast as "The Drowned Trout", in 2000.
In 2001, London Boulevard, by Ken Bruen, was published; Kennington is a setting within the novel, and features in the 2010 film of the same name.
Oval station was the target of one of the four attempted 21 July 2005 London bombings.
The 2011 film Attack the Block was set in Kennington.
21st century gentrification[link]
In recent years, Kennington has experienced gentrification, driven by the advantages of its location and good transport links to the West End and the City of London. In "London: A Social History",[8] Roy Porter describes "Victorian villas in... Kennington, long debased by use as lodging-houses, were transformed into luxury flats for young professionals or snips for first-time buyers — or were repossessed by the class of family for whom they had first been built..."; and "Chambers London Gazetteer"[9] observes the "reuniting of formerly subdivided properties" as "decline is being reversed".
It is difficult to identify one catalyst for this change. The principal factors are location and transport, but other factors which may have contributed include the widening of the corporate-professional employment sector in central London, starting in the 1980s and the effect of rising property prices in districts north of the river, and (more recently), nearby Clapham and Battersea, causing Kennington to be "rediscovered". The good architectural and structural quality of many properties in Kennington — characterised by Georgian and Victorian terraces of yellow London stock brick, typically three storeys or higher, fronting the main roads and squares — has unquestionably contributed to the gentrification of the area, and so has a perception of "good value" - that investment in a property in the district will yield a decent return. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of housing in the area is council-owned, including some council estates adjacent to Kennington Road, leading up to Elephant and Castle, and around the Kennington Park area. The area's varied social texture demonstrates the population mix.
Kennington Park[link]
Kennington Park, laid out by Victorian architect James Pennethorne, and St Mark's Churchyard now cover the site of Kennington Common. The Park was the first public park in south London, and was created when the Common was enclosed in 1852, and designated one of the Royal Parks of London (today, management of the Park is undertaken by Lambeth Council).
The Park, historically, was a place for executions, a Speakers' Corner for public gatherings for political and religious purposes, and a place for entertainment and sporting events.
In the 1730s, Methodists John Wesley and George Whitefield preached to thousands here. In 1746 the Surrey County Gallows at the southern end of the Common was used for the execution of nine leaders of the Jacobite rebellion of 1745. The Common was also where the Chartists gathered for their biggest demonstration in 1848. "The Gymnastic Society" met regularly at Kennington Common during the second half of the eighteenth century to play football.[10] The Society — sometimes claimed to be the world's first football club — consisted of London-based natives of Cumberland and Westmorland.
The tradition of political gathering at Kennington Park in advance of marches upon Parliament returned in the 1970s. In 1986, the Park was the location for the Gay Pride march of that year, and for several years thereafter. On March 31, 1990, some 200,000 people amassed at Kennington Park to march upon Trafalgar Square, in protest against the Community Charge. This, during the course of the day, escalated into mass disturbances: the Poll Tax Riots. In April 1997, a march organised by Reclaim the Streets set off from the Park for central London; and in May 2004, the Park was the starting point for a march to the Cannabis Festival at Brockwell Park. In March 2007, the Archbishop of Canterbury preached at Kennington Park to mark the passing of the Slave Trade Act 1807. The Park had been a significant location for important anti-slave trade rallies. In March 2011, the Park was the South London starting point for a feeder march to the 2011 anti-cuts protest in London.
(Fuller details of the Common's history are in the Kennington Park article).
Kennington Oval (The Oval)[link]
Main article: The Oval
The Oval, officially currently known as "The Kia Oval", is the home ground for Surrey County Cricket Club and hosts the final Test match of the English summer season. The Oval was the first ground in the United Kingdom to host Test cricket, was the location for the England v Scotland representative matches (1870-1872), the first ever international football match, the first FA Cup final in 1872, and held the second ever Rugby Union international match between England and Scotland in 1872. England's unfortunate performance against Australia here in 1882 gave rise to The Ashes. The Oval has been labelled with the sobriquet "the Grand Old Lady" in recognition of the significant role the ground has played in the development of modern sport.
Imperial War Museum[link]
Main article: Imperial War Museum
The Bethlem Royal Hospital (also known as Bedlam) relocated from Moorfields to St. George's Fields, at the north end of Kennington, in 1815. Buildings were laid out to a design by James Lewis, and in 1846, a cupola was added by Sydney Smirke. In 1930, the Bethlem Royal Hospital moved to Beckenham, in outer London. Viscount Rothermere, proprietor of the Daily Mail, purchased the old hospital, and had the east and west wings demolished to create space for Geraldine Mary Harmsworth Park, which was given to the London County Council in memory of his mother. The central wing was retained, and since 1936 has been occupied by the Imperial War Museum.
The nearest London Underground station to the Museum is Lambeth North tube station, on the Bakerloo Line.
Stane Street[link]
Kennington Park Road and Clapham Road is a long and straight stretch of road because it follows the old Roman Stane Street. This ran down from the Roman London Bridge to Chichester via the gap in the North Downs at Box Hill near Dorking. Another Roman road branched off opposite Kennington Road and went through what is now Kennington Park and down the Brixton Road. It carried on through the North Downs near Caterham to Hassocks, just north of the South Downs.
Kennington community[link]
Kennington is essentially a multi-ethnic area with a mixed and varied population, all falling within different geodemographic strands. The area attracts young and affluent incomers who fall within the ABC1 demographic strand of the NRS social grade spectrum, who come to the area in search of its varied and affordable but solid housing stock.
Kennington is within the Division bell zone for the Houses of Parliament, and a number of Members of Parliament and civil servants live within the area. An article in The Sunday Times in 2010 - in connection with David Laws - described Kennington as "the politicians' enclave across the Thames from Westminster";[11] in 2009, The Times observed that "Kennington...is the suburb that has featured the most in the MPs' expenses scandal. Hazel Blears and Alistair Darling are only two of the ministers with Kennington second homes".[12]
Kennington Road and Kennington Lane, south of Kennington Cross, could properly be described as the "shopping area" of Kennington. This area is identified as a "Local Centre" in the London Plan. There is a range of local shops, restaurants, cafés and estate agents, and there is a Barclays Bank branch and a Post Office. There is a Tesco supermarket on Kennington Lane. The area has a range of pubs and some bars, as well as the only nightclub, the South London Pacific.
There are two theatres in Kennington: the White Bear Theatre and the Oval House Theatre. The Cinema Museum, London, established in 1986, occupies a converted part of the former Lambeth Hospital, off Renfrew Road.
The area has an active residents' association: the Kennington Association.
The Friends of Kennington Park is a local organisation, involved with the promotion of Kennington Park as a valuable resource for the community.
A weekly farmers' market takes place at St. Mark's Church.
The distillery of Beefeater Gin - the only premium gin still distilled in London - is situated in Montford Place, Kennington.
The City and Guilds of London Art School, one of the longest-established art colleges in the country, has been at Kennington Park Road since 1879.
Cactus TV, a television show production company, is situated in Kennington Road.
Kennington is also home of the The Cinema Museum - a popular local venue for watching films and learning about the history of cinema.
Notable residents[link]
- William Hogarth, artist, lived in Kennington in the early part of the eighteenth century.[3]
- David Ricardo, the celebrated political economist, lived in Kennington in the 1790s.
- William Blake, artist and visionary, occupied a house at Hercules Road, at the boundary of Kennington and Lambeth, between 1790 and 1800.
- Eliza Cook, author, Chartist poet and writer, lived in Kennington in the first half of the nineteenth century.
- William Bligh, Captain of HMS Bounty, against whom the Mutiny on the Bounty was brought, occupied a house at Lambeth Road, near the Imperial War Museum. He died in 1817, and was buried at St. Mary's, Lambeth.
- John Alexander Reina Newlands, chemist, was born in West Square in 1837. Newlands prepared the first periodic table of elements arranged in order of relative atomic mass.
- William Hosking, architect and civil engineer, who claimed to have formed the design for the British Museum Reading Room, and was the first Professor of Architecture at King's College London, occupied a house in Walcot Square in the 1840s.
- Sir William Chandler Roberts-Austen metallurgist - after whom austenite is named - was born in Kennington in 1843.
- William Booth, founder and General of The Salvation Army, found work and lodging at a pawnbroker shop in Kennington Park Road in 1849.
- E. Nesbit, children's author, best known for The Railway Children, was born in Kennington in 1858.
- Samuel Prout, watercolorist, lived for a time in Kennington Road.
- Felix Slade - a lawyer and philanthropist, who endowed three Slade Professorships of Fine Art at Oxford University, Cambridge University and University College London, and bequeathed most of his art collection to the British Museum - lived and died in Walcot Place, off Kennington Road. He donated a large fountain to Kennington Park - the Slade Memorial Fountain.
- Roy Redgrave, actor, and patriarch of the Redgrave acting family, was born in Kennington in 1873.
- Vincent van Gogh, artist, lived at Ivy Cottage, 395 Kennington Road, from August to October 1874, and from December 1874 to May 1875.[13]
- Bernard Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, was born in Harleyford Street in 1887.
- Charlie Chaplin, actor, born in 1889, grew up in Kennington, and lived in several different houses at different times, in West Square, Methley Street and Kennington Road.
- Harry Roberts, who was jailed for life for murdering three policemen in the Massacre of Braybrook Street in 1966, was born in Kennington in 1936. He remains in prison.
- Don Letts, film director and musician, born in 1956, was educated in Kennington.
- Bob Marley, Jamaican musician, stayed at a property in St. Agnes Place on occasions in the 1970s.[14]
- James Callaghan, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1976, insisted that he did not want to inflict upon his wife the "discomforts" of living at 10 Downing Street, and elected to stay at his flat on Kennington Park Road. He was eventually persuaded, in the interests of security, to move to 10 Downing Street.[15]
- William Tallon, Steward and Page of the Backstairs in the household of Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, typically referred to by newspapers as "Backstairs Billy", moved from Clarence House in 2002 to a Duchy of Cornwall flat in Kennington. He died in 2007.
- David Laws, politician, was involved in a controversy concerning a property which he occupied in Kennington.[16]
- Lembit Öpik, politician.
- Kevin Spacey, actor.[17]
- Sarah Waters, author, who wrote (among other novels) Tipping the Velvet.[18]
- Martyn Hett and Jamie Sambridge moved into Kennington in 2010, later joined by Kate Feest and Christina Partington 2011. All four are well known amongst the local community and have been dubbed, "The Supremes".
- Oliver Letwin, Member of Parliament, who was the victim of a confidence trick at his Kennington home.[19]
- Michael Connarty, Member of Parliament.[20]
- Jack Straw, Member of Parliament; former Home Secretary; former Foreign Secretary; former Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Commons; former Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain and Secretary of State for Justice.[21]
- Anthony Steen, politician.[20]
- Stephen Hesford, politician.[22]
- Alistair Darling, Member of Parliament and former Chancellor of the Exchequer.
- Hazel Blears, Member of Parliament and former Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government.[23]
- Charles Kennedy, Member of Parliament and former leader of the Liberal Democrat Party.[24]
- Phil Willis, Baron Willis of Knaresborough, politician.[24]
- Kenneth Clarke, Member of Parliament, Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor.
- Victor Cox, Author |url=http://www.pp.s25.dotnetsql.com/vic.htm
Schools in Kennington[link]
There are six primary schools within the Kennington area: Archbishop Sumner School (Church of England); Henry Fawcett Primary School; St. Anne's Primary School (Roman Catholic); St. Mark's Primary School (Church of England); Vauxhall Primary and Walnut Tree Walk Primary School. There are two secondary schools within the Kennington area: Archbishop Tenison's School (admits boys aged 11 – 19; admits girls into the Sixth Form), and Lilian Baylis Technology School (admits boys and girls aged 11 – 16).
Geography[link]
Kennington has no official boundaries, so classifications of which areas fall within the district vary. The modern layout of Kennington reflects development as a linear settlement. The SE11 postcode captures most of the district, although the peripheries of Kennington are within the SE1, SE17, SW8 and SW9 postcodes. The south-western part of the district - Kennington Oval - protrudes towards Vauxhall.
 |
South Bank | Lambeth North and Waterloo | Elephant and Castle and Old Kent Road | |
| Vauxhall |  |
Camberwell and Walworth | ||
 Kennington East |
||||
 |
||||
| South Lambeth and Nine Elms | Stockwell and Clapham | Brixton |
Nearest places:
- Vauxhall
- Waterloo
- Walworth
- Newington — usually known as Elephant and Castle
- Stockwell
- Camberwell
- Brixton
- Lambeth North
Transport[link]
Nearest London Underground stations:
- Kennington tube station: Northern Line, Bank branch and Charing Cross branch interchange.
- Oval tube station: Northern Line, Bank branch only at off-peak times. Customers travelling at off-peak times must change at Kennington tube station for the Charing Cross branch.
- Lambeth North tube station: Bakerloo line
- Vauxhall tube station: Victoria Line
Nearest National Rail stations:
- Vauxhall: (South West Trains mainline and suburban services to London Waterloo and the south and south-west of England)
- Elephant & Castle station: (First Capital Connect and Southeastern Trains suburban services to London Blackfriars, City Thameslink, St. Pancras International and north towards Luton, St. Alban's and Bedford; and outer South London and south towards Kent)
"Barclays Cycle Superhighway" and "Barclays Cycle Hire":
"Barclays Cycle Superhighway 7", from Morden to the City of London runs through Kennington, along Kennington Park Road. Kennington is also the southernmost point in the "Barclays Cycle Hire" scheme; there are several docking stations within the area, but there are no docking stations further south.
Congestion Charging Zone:
Part of the area is within the Central London Congestion Charge Zone. Kennington Lane, a constituent road of the Inner Ring Road, marks the boundary of the Zone. South of Kennington Lane is outside the Zone; north of Kennington Lane is inside the Zone.
Bus services (from Kennington Cross and Kennington Oval):
| 3 | Oxford Circus via Parliament Square and Piccadilly Circus | Crystal Palace | Abellio London |
| 59 | King's Cross via Waterloo and Holborn | Streatham | Arriva London |
| 133 | Liverpool Street via London Bridge and Bank | Streatham | Arriva London |
| 155 | Elephant & Castle | Tooting | London General |
| 159 | Paddington Basin via Marble Arch | Streatham | Arriva London |
| 196 | Norwood Junction via Brixton | Elephant & Castle | Go-Ahead London |
| 333 | Elephant & Castle | Tooting | London General |
| 360 | South Kensington via Pimlico | Elephant & Castle | Go-Ahead London |
| 415 | Elephant & Castle | Tulse Hill | Arriva London |
| 36 | Queen's Park via Hyde Park Corner and Royal Oak | New Cross, Bus Garage | Go-Ahead London |
| 436 | Paddington | Lewisham via Peckham | Go-Ahead London |
| 185 | Victoria station | Lewisham via Dulwich and King's College Hospital | Go-Ahead London |
N3 (Night bus), towards Oxford Circus or Bromley North, from Kennington Road;
36 (24-hour service), towards Queen's Park or New Cross Bus Garage, from Harleyford Street;
N109 (Night bus), towards Oxford Circus or Croydon, from Kennington Road;
N133 (Night bus), towards Liverpool Street or Mitcham, from Kennington Park Road;
N136 (Night bus), towards Oxford Circus via Victoria or Chislehurst, from Harleyford Street;
N155 (Night bus), towards Aldwych or Morden, from Kennington Park Road;
159 (24-hour service), towards Paddington Basin (via Parliament Square and Oxford Circus) or Streatham, from Kennington Road.
References[link]
- ^ "North Lambeth — history | Lambeth Council". Lambeth.gov.uk. http://www.lambeth.gov.uk/Services/AboutLambeth/LambethByLocalArea/NorthLambethHistory.htm. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ Surrey Domesday Book
- ^ a b "Stockwell and Kennington | Old and New London: Volume 6 (pp. 327-341)". British-history.ac.uk. 2003-06-22. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=45285. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ Willey, Russ; Chambers London Gazetteer; Chambers Harrap (2006); p. 267
- ^ "Booth Poverty Map & Modern map (Charles Booth Online Archive)". Booth.lse.ac.uk. http://booth.lse.ac.uk/cgi-bin/do.pl?sub=view_booth_and_barth&m.l=1&m.d.l=0&m.p.x=8297&m.p.y=8810&m.p.w=500&m.p.h=309&m.p.l=0&m.t.w=128&m.t.h=80&b.v.x=399&b.v.y=88&b.p.x=14028&b.p.y=12554&b.p.w=500&b.p.h=309&b.p.l=1&b.p.p.l=2. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ Mrs Pember Reeves, "Round About a Pound a Week", London, G. Bell and Sons, pp. 39-40
- ^ See [2]
- ^ London: A Social History (London, 1994; 1996; 2000)
- ^ See ref. [2]
- ^ Harvey, Adrian (2005) Football, the First Hundred Years: the untold story Routledge; p. 54
- ^ http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article7140187.ece
- ^ http://property.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/property/buying_and_selling/article6576667.ece
- ^ see note [7[dead link]
- ^ http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/Video/Evictions-At-Bob-Marleys-London-Squat/Article/200511413471774?lpos=Video_Article_Body_Copy_Region_0&lid=ARTICLE_13471774_Evictions_At_Bob_Marleys_London_Squat
- ^ Alan Travis, home affairs editor. "Why Jim arrived so reluctantly - and Harold went so fast | Politics". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2005/jan/04/uk.past. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ Watt, Holly (2010-05-28). "MPs' Expenses: Treasury chief David Laws, his secret lover and a £40,000 claim". Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/mps-expenses/7780642/MPs-Expenses-Treasury-chief-David-Laws-his-secret-lover-and-a-40000-claim.html. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ "Kennington News: Kevin Spacey exclusive: Part of me feels British now but the knife crime here is shocking". Kenningtonnews.blogspot.com. 2009-06-26. http://kenningtonnews.blogspot.com/2009/06/kevin-spacey-exclusive-part-of-me-feels.html. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/sarah-waters-tales-of-a-reluctant-celebrity-443747.html
- ^ "UK POLITICS | Tories signal law and order shift". BBC News. 2002-01-08. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/1748347.stm. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ a b Cracknell, David (2001-07-15). "Two days to go and it's still anybody's race". Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1334056/Two-days-to-go-and-its-still-anybodys-race.html. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ "Straw's limo in bus lane dodge to beat the traffic | Mail Online". Dailymail.co.uk. 2002-11-19. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-148018/Straws-limo-bus-lane-dodge-beat-traffic.html. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ May 29, 2009 (2009-05-29). "Wirral West MP Expenses Update". Hoylakejunction.com. http://www.hoylakejunction.com/mp-expenses-update. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ Ian Gallagher (2009-05-11). "Flipper Hazel Blears, her three homes.. and the £18,000 tax bill that never was | Mail Online". Dailymail.co.uk. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1179916/Flipper-Hazel-Blears-homes--18-000-tax-was.html. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
- ^ a b Kite, Melissa (2006-01-08). "The three days that finished off Charles Kennedy's leadership". Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/liberaldemocrats/1507268/The-three-days-that-finished-off-Charles-Kennedys-leadership.html. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
External links[link]
- Vauxhall Society — Executions on Kennington Common
- Vauxhall, Kennington and the Oval — community website
- [http://www.pp.s25.dotnetsql.com/vic.htm Vic: Lambeth to Lambourn, Ordinary Lives, Plowright Press
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Eric Henri Kennington RA (12 March 1888 – 13 April 1960) was an English Sculptor, artist and illustrator, and an official war artist in both World Wars.
Contents |
Life and work[link]
Early life[link]
He was born in Chelsea, London, the son of the well-known genre and portrait painter, Thomas Benjamin Kennington (1856–1916), an active member of the New English Art Club. He was educated at St Paul's School and the Lambeth School of Art.
Career[link]
Kennington first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1908.
At the start of World War I, Kennington enlisted with the 13th (Kensington) Battalion London Regiment. He fought on the Western Front, but was wounded and discharged as unfit in June 1915. During his convalescence, he produced The Kensingtons at Laventie, Winter 1914, a portrait of a group of infantrymen.[1] When exhibited in the spring of 1916, its portrayal of exhausted soldiers caused a sensation. Painted in reverse on glass, the painting is now in the Imperial War Museum and was widely praised for its technical virtuosity, iconic colour scheme, and its ‘stately presentation of human endurance, of the quiet heroism of the rank and file’.[2] Kennington returned to the front in 1917 as an official war artist.
Kennington regarded himself chiefly as a sculptor, creating a number of memorials, including one to his friend T. E. Lawrence. He produced the illustrations for Lawrence's The Seven Pillars of Wisdom. He was one of the six pallbearers at Lawrence's funeral in 1935. Kennington also created many pastel portraits and lithographs.
His work as a sculptor includes the War Memorial to the 24th Division in Battersea Park 1924, and allegorical reliefs on the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre, Stratford on Avon, 1930.
Kennington again became an official war artist during the World War II, personally commissioned to do work for the Ministry of Information by Edwin Embleton. Darracott and Loftus describe how in both wars "his drawings and letters show him to be an admirer of the heroism of ordinary men and women", an admiration which is particularly notable in the poster series "Seeing it Through".
His last work, which was completed on his death by his assistant Eric Stanford, was a stone relief panel that decorates the James Watt South Building in the University of Glasgow.
Kennington is buried in the churchyard in Checkendon, Oxfordshire, where he was churchwarden and is commemorated on a memorial in Brompton Cemetery, London.
Family[link]
In 1922, he married Edith Cecil, with whom he had a son and a daughter. Edith, who was already married, fell in love with Kennington while he was painting her husband's picture. They both remained good friends with Edith's ex-husband.
References[link]
- ^ “THEY ARE ORDINARY MEN”: THE KENSINGTONS AT LAVENTIE WINTER 1914
- ^ Paul Gough (2010) ‘A Terrible Beauty’: British Artists in the First World War (Sansom and Company) p.20.
Jonathan Black. The Sculpture of Eric Kennington (Lund Humphries, November 2002).
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Eric Kennington |
- Kennington, Eric Henri (1888-1960) A comprehensive summary of Kennington's work on The National Archives website.
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Kennington, Eric |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 12 March 1888 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | 13 April 1960 |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Eric_Kennington
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Kennington
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| D. J. Kennington | |
|---|---|
| File:DJ Kennington.JPG | |
| Born | (1977-07-15) July 15, 1977 (age 34) St. Thomas, Ontario |
| NASCAR Nationwide Series career | |
| 2007 position | 66th |
| Best finish | 66th - 2007 (Busch Series) |
| First race | 2006 Sam's Town 250 (Memphis) |
| Statistics current as of july 4, 2010. | |
D. J. Kennington (born July 15, 1977) is a Canadian racing driver.
Canadian Tire Series[link]
File:DJ-Ken4.jpg
His 2009 Car
During this time he drove #17 Castrol sponsored car in the NASCAR Canadian Tire Series. He won both the Barrie Speedway races in 2007 plus D.J. got a pole and ended up Second in the points. Kennington struggled in the 2008 season with no wins. In 2009, he won at Delaware from pole and had a solid season including the pole at Riverside Speedway and won the season finale at Kawartha Speedway, lead to him finishing second in points. He started off the 2010 season by defending his win at Delaware Speedway and picking up the pole for that event. Kennington won the third race of the year after leading only the last lap passing both Kerry Micks and Scott Steckly en route to victory at Autodrome St-Eustache.[1] At MOTOPLEX Speedway he started on the pole and lead the majority of the race but lost to Scott Steckly in the last few laps. DJ picked up his third win from the pole at Saskatoon but after problems in Montreal D.J. fell back in the points. He won at Barrie Speedway and Riverside Speedway, retaking the points lead. A pole and a third-place finish at the final race at Kawartha Speedway would clinch his first ever NASCAR Championship and a spot in the Toyota Showdown. He would finish second to Jason Bowles, the highest finish for anyone from the Canadian Tire Series. During the 2011 Season D.J. won the events at Kawartha and Auto Clearing Speedway to finish Second in the Points standings.
American Racing[link]
In 2007-2009 he ran the NASCAR Nationwide Series part time for MacDonald Motorsports in a Dodge Charger. He has over 30 starts but has never cracked the Top 10.[2] His career best NASCAR Nationwide Series finish was an 11th place finish driving for Rensi-Hamilton in the Del Monte Ford in the 2010 race in Montreal.[3] In 2010, he ran some races with Rick Ware Racing and finished seventeenth in his first and only truck start at Martinsville Speedway. In 2004 and 2005 he ran a partial schedule in the USAR Hooters Procup Series. He also won races and did very well in the old CASCAR Super Series. D.J has also raced for Jennifer Jo Cobb Racing in the NASCAR Nationwide Series in Montreal
References[link]
- ^ www.djkennington.com/
- ^ ttp://www.jayski.com/nationwide/2008/2008nationwide-chart.htm
- ^ http://racing-reference.info/driver?id=kennid.01
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Kennington, D.J. |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | July 15, 1977 |
| Place of birth | St. Thomas, Ontario |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/D._J._Kennington
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/D.J. Kennington
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D._J._Kennington
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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