Phi Mu (ΦΜ) is the second oldest female fraternal organization established in the United States. It was founded at Wesleyan College in Macon, Georgia. The organization was founded as the Philomathean Society on January 4, 1852, and was announced publicly on March 4 of the same year. Phi Mu is one of the two "Macon Magnolias," a term used to celebrate the bonds it shares with Alpha Delta Pi.

Today, Phi Mu has 115 collegiate chapters across the United States and over 175,000 initiated sisters. Phi Mu has chartered over 228 chapters in its history. Phi Mu has 225 alumnae chapters across the nation. Phi Mu's National Headquarters is in Peachtree City, Georgia.^[1] Phi Mu's national philanthropy is Children's Miracle Network Hospitals; the organization's creed is Love, Honor, and Truth. Additionally, Phi Mu has internal organizations, such as the Phi Mu Foundation which supports further involvement in the organization.

History[link]

The Philomathean Society, a literary society, was founded in January 1852 at Wesleyan College by Mary Ann Dupont (Lines), Mary Elizabeth Myrick (Daniel), and Martha Bibb Hardaway (Redding). Wesleyan was the first institute to grant bachelor's degrees to women and is known as the birthplace of the collegiate sorority. However, most sororities predate the term "sorority" and are known as "fraternities for women". The Philomathean Society joined the National Panhellenic Conference in 1904, taking on the Greek letters "Phi Mu". Alpha Delta Theta, a small national sorority founded at Transylvania University merged with Phi Mu in 1939.

Philanthropy[link]

Phi Mu's interest in philanthropy is expressed in the first line of their Creed, "To lend to those less fortunate a helping hand," a guiding principle for Phi Mu. As the only sorority corporate sponsor, Phi Mu is committed to raising over $500,000 for CMN every year. The money raised and donated is used locally to support one of the 170 Children's Miracle Network Hospitals nationwide. In total, Phi Mu has contributed over $8.5 million dollars, and countless hours, improving the quality of life for children and their families throughout the country.^[2]

Notable alumnae[link]

Arts and Entertainment

• Susan Harling (Kappa Iota) - inspiration for the play and movie Steel Magnolias^[3][4]
• Elizabeth Horton (Gamma Tau)- Miss North Carolina (2006),^[5] contestant in Miss America (2007)^[6]
• Ashley Hatfield (Alpha Delta) - Miss Illinois (2007),^[7] contestant in Miss America (2008)^[8]
• Dana Ivey (Alpha Omega) - actress (The Addams Family, Sleepless in Seattle, Orange County), five-time Tony nominee^[9]
• Pam Long (Theta Alpha) - Miss Alabama (1974),^[10] contestant in Miss America (1975)^[6] and head writer for CBS' Guiding Light^[3]
• Leah Massee (Kappa Beta) - Miss Georgia (2007),^[11] contestant in Miss America (2008)^[12]
• Amy Mulkey (Alpha Alpha) - Miss Georgia (2002),^[13] contestant in Miss America (2002)^[13]
• Mary Wickes (Zeta Epsilon) - actress, (Little Women, Sister Act)^[3]
• Kimberly Schlapman (Alpha Gamma) - member of Little Big Town^[3][14]
• Madeline Mitchell (Alpha Zeta)- Miss Alabama USA (2011) - Top 3 in Miss USA 2011 pageant
• Rachel Reilly (Gamma Mu) - Big Brother 12 and 13.

Aviation

• Jerrie Mock (Psi) - first woman to fly solo around the world^[3]
• Mary Weber (Delta Epsilon) - astronaut^[3]

Business

• Evett Simmons (Alpha Tau) - president of the National Bar Association^[3]
• Pat Mitchell (Alpha Alpha) - president, PBS^[3]
• Toria Tolley (Beta Nu) - VP/consultant, The Psychological Advantage, former CNN weekend anchor ^[3][15]
• Tammy Cohen (Alpha Lambda) - owner and founder of Employers Reference Source, Inc. (ERS), ^[3][16]

Politics & Public Service

• Carol Laise (Gamma Delta) - U.S. Ambassador to Nepal 1966-1973, first woman director general of the Foreign Service ^[17][18]
• Betty Montgomery (Delta Kappa) - first female Attorney General of Ohio^[3]
• Melinda Schwegmann (Alpha Eta) - first female Lt. Governor of Louisiana^[3]
• Elizabeth Weaver (Delta) - former Michigan Supreme Court Justice and chief justice ^[3]
• Tova Wiley (Eta Alpha) - first woman to hold the rank of Commander in the U.S. Navy, winner of the Legion of Merit Award^[3]
• Beverly B. Martin (Alpha Iota) - U.S. Federal Judge, sits on the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit^[19]

Literature

• Kathryn Stockett (Alpha Zeta) - author, The Help^{[3] [20]}
• Jill McCorkle (Gamma Lambda) - author, Good Ol' Girls and eight other novels and short story collections, five of which are New York Times notable books ^{[3] [21]}
• Debbie Phelps (Beta Chi) - author, A Mother for All Seasons & mother of Michael Phelps^{[3] [22]}
• Joyce Carol Oates (Beta Zeta) - author, (Blonde, The Gravedigger's Daughter, We Were the Mulvaneys)^[3]

Sports

• Gail S. Barron (Alpha Alpha) - winner of the Boston Marathon, 1978.^{[3] [23]}

Phi Mu chapters[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Atlanta portal

• Phi Mu

Greek alphabet
Αα	Alpha	Νν	Nu
Ββ	Beta	Ξξ	Xi
Γγ	Gamma	Οο	Omicron
Δδ	Delta	Ππ	Pi
Εε	Epsilon	Ρρ	Rho
Ζζ	Zeta	Σσς	Sigma
Ηη	Eta	Ττ	Tau
Θθ	Theta	Υυ	Upsilon
Ιι	Iota	Φφ	Phi
Κκ	Kappa	Χχ	Chi
Λλ	Lambda	Ψψ	Psi
Μμ	Mu	Ωω	Omega
History
Archaic local variants
Ligatures (ϛ, ȣ, ϗ) Diacritics
Numerals (6) (90) (900)
In other languages
Bactrian Coptic Albanian
Scientific symbols
Book Category Commons view talk edit

Phi (uppercase Φ, lowercase φ, or math symbol ϕ), pronounced /faɪ/ FY or sometimes /fiː/ FEE in English,^[1] and [ˈfi] in modern Greek, is the 21st letter of the Greek alphabet. In modern Greek, it represents [f], a voiceless labiodental fricative. In Ancient Greek it represented [pʰ], an aspirated voiceless bilabial plosive (from which English ultimately inherits the spelling "ph" in words derived from Greek). In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 500 (φʹ) or 500,000 (͵φ). The Cyrillic letter Ef (Ф, ф) arose from Φ.

Use as a symbol[link]

The lower-case letter φ (or often its variant, ϕ) is often used to represent the following:

• The golden ratio Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \tfrac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2} \approx 1.618033988749894848204586834\ldots

in mathematics, art, and architecture.

• Euler's totient function φ(n) in number theory; also called Euler's phi function.
• In algebra, group or ring homomorphisms
• In probability theory, ϕ(x) = (2π)^−½e^−x2/2 is the probability density function of the normal distribution.
• In probability theory, φ_X(t) = E[e^itX] is the characteristic function of a random variable X.
• An angle, typically the second angle mentioned, after θ (theta). Especially:
  • The argument of a complex number.
  • The phase of a wave in signal processing.
  • In spherical coordinates, mathematicians usually refer to phi as the polar angle (from the z-axis). The convention in physics is to use phi as the azimuthal angle (from the x-axis).
  • One of the dihedral angles in the backbones of proteins.
  • Internal or effective angle of friction.
• The work function in electronics.
• A shorthand representation for an aromatic functional group in organic chemistry.
• The fugacity coefficient in thermodynamics.
• The ratio of free energy destabilizations of protein mutants in phi value analysis.
• In cartography and navigation, latitude.
• In combustion engineering, equivalence ratio. The ratio between the actual fuel air ratio to the stoichiometric fuel air ratio.
• A sentence in first-order logic.
• Porosity in geology and hydrology.
• Strength (or resistance) reduction factor in structural engineering, used to account for statistical variabilities in materials and construction methods.
• The symbol for a voiceless bilabial fricative in the International Phonetic Alphabet (using the straight line variant character)
• In economics, this is usually an additive term.^{[clarification needed]}
• In flight dynamics, the roll angle.
• In philosophy, φ is often used as shorthand for a generic act. (Also in upper-case.)

The upper-case letter Φ is used as a symbol for:

• The golden ratio conjugate −0.618... in mathematics.
• The magnetic flux and electric flux in physics, with subscripts distinguishing the two.
• The cumulative distribution function of the normal distribution in mathematics and statistics.
• In philosophy, Φ is often used as shorthand for a generic act. (Also in lower-case.)
• The number of phases in a power system in electrical engineering, for example 1Φ for single phase, 3Φ for three phase.
• A common symbol for the parametrization of a surface in vector calculus.
• In Lacanian algebra, Φ stands for the imaginary phallus and also represents phallic signification. -Φ stands in for castration.^[2]

The diameter symbol in engineering, ⌀, is often incorrectly^{[citation needed]} referred to as "phi". This symbol is used to indicate the diameter of a circular section, for example "⌀14", means the diameter of the circle is 14 units.

Computing[link]

In Unicode, there are multiple forms of the phi letter:

Character	Name	Correct appearance	Your browser	Usage
U+03A6	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PHI	Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \Phi\,\!	Φ	used in Greek texts
U+03C6	GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI	Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \varphi\,\! or Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \phi\,\!	φ	used in Greek texts (contrary to what is shown here, it is normally not italicized)
U+03D5	GREEK PHI SYMBOL	Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \phi\,\!	ϕ	used in mathematical and technical contexts[3]
U+0278	LATIN SMALL LETTER PHI		ɸ	used in IPA to symbolise a voiceless bilabial fricative

In some older fonts that are not yet compatible with Unicode 3.0 from 1998, the U+03D5 GREEK PHI SYMBOL might be represented by the "loopy" Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \varphi

symbol instead.[3] This is  no longer a correct representation. The U+03C6 GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI may be presented as either the "stroked" Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \phi\,\!
glyph, but preferably as the "loopy" Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \varphi
glyph.[3]

In HTML/XHTML, the upper and lower case phi character entity references are Φ (Φ) and φ (φ) respectively.

In LaTeX, the math symbols are \Phi (Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \Phi\,\! ), \phi (Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \phi\,\! ), and \varphi (Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \varphi\,\! ).

See also[link]

Look up Φ, φ, or phi in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• F, f - Ef (Latin)
• Ф, ф - Ef (Cyrillic)
• Psi and phi type figurine
• Փ (Armenian letter)
• Deposition (geology)

References[link]

lez:Фиvep:Fi