Coordinates: 32°32′2″N 44°25′17″E / 32.53389°N 44.42139°E / 32.53389; 44.42139

Ancient Near East portal

The Ésagila, a Sumerian name signifying "É (temple) whose top is lofty",^[1] (literally: "house of the raised head") was a temple dedicated to Marduk, the protector god of Babylon. It lay south of the ziggurat Etemenanki, a memory of which has been perpetuated in Judeo-Christian culture as the Tower of Babel.

In this temple was the cult image inhabited by Marduk, surrounded by cult images of the cities that had fallen under the hegemony of the Babylonian Empire from the 18th century BC; there was also a little lake which was named Abzu by the Babylonian priests. This Abzu was a representantion of Marduk's father, Enki, who was god of the waters and lived in the Abzu that was the source of all the fresh waters.

The Esagila complex, completed in its final form by Nebuchadnezzar II (604–562 BC) encasing earlier cores, was the center of Babylon. It comprised a large court (ca. 40×70 sq. meters), containing a smaller court (ca. 25×40 m²), and finally the central shrine, consisting of an anteroom and the inner sanctum which contained the statues of Marduk and his consort Sarpanit.

According to Herodotus, Xerxes had a statue removed from the Esagila when he flooded Babylon in 482 BC, desecrated the Esagila and sacked the city. Alexander the Great ordered restorations, and the temple continued to be maintained throughout the 2nd century BC, as one of the last strongholds of Babylonian culture, such as literacy in the cuneiform script, but as Babylon was gradually abandoned under the Parthian Empire, the temple fell into decay in the 1st century BC.

Under the enormous heap of debris that lay over it, Esagila was rediscovered by Robert Koldewey in November 1900, but it did not begin to be seriously examined until 1910. The rising water table has obliterated much of the sun-dried brick and other oldest material. Most of the finds at Babylon reflect the Neo-Babylonian period and later. Data from the Esagila tablet,^[2] which was copied from older texts in 229 BC and describes Esagila in lines 1-15 before passing on to the ziggurat of Etetemenanki, have aided in the temple's reconstruction. The tablet, described by George Smith in 1872, disappeared for some time into private hands before it resurfaced and began to be interpreted.^[3]

Notes[link]

External links[link]

• Esagila (livius.org)
• The Ancient Middle Eastern Capital City — Reflection and Navel of the World by Stefan Maul ("Die altorientalische Hauptstadt — Abbild und Nabel der Welt," in Die Orientalische Stadt: Kontinuität. Wandel. Bruch. 1 Internationales Kolloquium der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft. 9.-10. Mai 1996 in Halle/Saale, Saarbrücker Druckerei und Verlag (1997), p. 109-124.

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (July 2010)

Michael Tellinger is an author and songwriter who entered the South African music scene during the Apartheid years. His song "We come from Johannesburg" in 1986 was a nine-minute anti-apartheid epic. It was also the first Rap album to be released by a South African artist.^{[citation needed]} The song was instantly banned due to its anti-government stance^{[citation needed]}. Tellinger became a target of the regime: phone tapping, South African Police surveillance, several threats on his life, and other intimidatory tactics.^{[citation needed]} The song was originally written by Michael Tellinger and Neil Johnson of Radio 702 fame in Los Angeles while living in exile. It was a response to Little Steven Van Zandt's "Sun City". Tellinger and Johnson wrote the rap epic to put on record a South African perspective on the situation in their country.

Tellinger released his first SA record in 1981, HAZEL, nominated for the SARIE award in that year as best male vocalist.^{[citation needed]} Later in 1981 Tellinger played the part of Joseph in the opening of the State Theatre in Pretoria. The show toured with great success for 2 years.

Michael Tellinger and Russell Stirling combined to become one of the most influential bands of the early 80's music explosion, which took SA by storm.^{[citation needed]} 'Stirling & Tellinger' played as a group until 1985 - recorded an album in Nashville, USA - and died - as a musical duo, much to the devastation of their South African fan base.

[edit] Background: Musician and Author

Michael Tellinger graduated from Wits University in 1983 with a B.Pharm degree. While studying he spent most of his time moving within entertainment circles. He started his career on stage in Nick Taylor’s musical “Christian” at His Majesty’s theatre in 1980. Following this he played the part of “Joseph” at the opening of the State Theatre and toured with the hit show for two years. At this time he launched his solo career and released his first single called “Hazel” in 1981, which was nominated for a SARIE award. Shortly after this Michael teamed up with Russell Stirling and formed the duo “Stirling & Tellinger”. The two played together for four years and had music hits with “Call Me” and “What’s a Nice Girl Like You, Doing In a Place Like This”. Their videos took the market by storm and laid the foundation for many of the SA music videos of the early 80’s. The “Call Me” video was voted among the top two most popular videos at MIDEM in Cannes 1983.^{[citation needed]}

In 1985 the duo recorded an album in Nashville, under the guidance of Terry Dempsey. During a year in Los Angeles he attracted the attention of various top agents but because of the cultural boycott, the duo was bluntly rejected. He worked for Cannon Films as a sound designer and editor, returning to SA in mid 1986. Michael continued his musical career with more performances and recordings, like the controversial anti-apartheid song “We come from Johannesburg” which was banned shortly after its release.^{[citation needed]}

Michael Tellinger has written, recorded and released thirteen records and CDs since 1981, has performed and toured extensively in SA and abroad as a musician and written songs for various events and artists in SA.

As an actor Michael appeared as one of the leads in South Africa’s first soapie called “Orpen House” and then played the lead in a six-episode series “The Star Shooters’ in 1997 for which he created the soundtrack.

In 1988 he got involved in the advertising industry as a writer receiving a Clio award for a radio campaign on DEFY.

Michael was involved as a presenter on a variety of hit SABC shows like “Graffiti’ and “Fast Forward”. His experience with SABC led him to get involved in TV production and he created shows like the talk show called “Late Nite Live” and “Weekend Bonus”.

In 1995 he moved to Cape Town where he started a radio specialist agency called Airheads which became a highly competitive and visible niche player in the advertising industry.^{[citation needed]}

In 1997 Michael then launched Nebula BOS Records to provide local and international distribution for independent South African artists and labels. The catalogue grew to over four hundred artists within the first year and its Internet presence led to a distribution deal with Warner Bros. in Germany. They released 10 South African artists in Germany and 7 Albums in the USA.

In 2000 he was given his own weekly radio show on Cape Talk radio that dealt with South African innovation, technology and success stories.

In January 2001, Michael sold a children’s educational television show to the SABC. They completed 40 episodes for which he developed the animal characters and wrote all the music.

In 2002 he used the work on the children’s TV show to launch an educational publishing company called The Brain Food Company that focuses on developing a wide range of educational books, games and AV products.

His latest contribution to the arts was “Side By Side With Angels”, a moving collaboration of SA musicians for the TSUNAMI disaster fund, which Michael wrote and produced with Verny Scholtz. The song and video featured a host of leading SA artists like Malaika, Dr. Victor, Watershed, Dawnay and others.

Michael has written more than a dozen screenplays but “Slave Species of god” is his first published book, as a result of a 25-year obsession with the theories of Zecharia Sitchin.

[edit] Slave Species of God

Tellinger published his first book Slave Species of God in 2005.^[1] The work is the result of a 25-year obsession with the writings of Zecharia Sitchin, who translated ancient Sumerian clay tablets and theorized about the early creation of man by the Anunnaki. Tellinger also frequently publishes articles on the topic via his website.^[2][3]

[edit] References

External links[link]

• Slavespecies.com homepage
• InTheNews homepage