Condé Nast

Parent company	Advance Publications
Founded	1909
Founder	Condé Nast
Country of origin	United States
Headquarters location	Condé Nast Building, New York City
Key people	Charles Townsend, CEO Robert Sauerberg, President John Bellando, COO/CFO Louis Cona, CMO Jill Bright, CAO Joe Simon, CTO Thomas J. Wallace, Editorial Dir
Publication types	Magazines
Official website	www.condenast.com

Condé Nast's headquarters are in New York City.

Condé Nast, a division of Advance Publications, is a magazine publisher. In the U.S., it produces 18 consumer magazines, including Architectural Digest, Bon Appétit, GQ, The New Yorker, Vanity Fair, and Vogue, as well as four business-to-business publications, 27 websites, and more than 50 apps for mobile and tablet devices. The company, headquartered in New York City, was founded in 1909 by Condé Montrose Nast and has been owned by the Newhouse family since 1959. S.I. “Si” Newhouse Jr. is the chairman and CEO of Advance Publications, Charles H. Townsend is Condé Nast’s chief executive officer and Robert A. Sauerberg is Condé Nast’s president.

Condé Nast is largely considered to be the originator of the “lifestyle magazines”, a type of magazines focused on a particular class or interest instead of targeting the largest possible readership.^[1] Its magazines focus on a wide range of subjects, including travel, food, home, culture, and other interests, with fashion the larger portion of the company's focus. More recently, Condé Nast has expanded its offerings to include marketing services and consumer-focused products such as apps and licensed merchandise. In 2010, GQ became the first Condé Nast title available on the iPad.

Condé Nast International Ltd., which publishes international editions of the U.S. titles, was incorporated in 2005. Operating as a subsidiary of Advance Publications, this division publishes more than 126 magazines and 104 websites, representing 24 markets around the globe.

History[link]

Condé Montrose Nast launched his magazine empire in 1909 with the purchase of Vogue, which was first created in 1892 as a New York weekly journal of society and fashion news.^[2] At first, Mr. Nast published the magazine under Vogue Company and didn’t incorporate Condé Nast Publications until 1923.

Mr. Nast, a St. Louis-born publisher, had a flair for nurturing elite readers as well as advertisers and upgraded Vogue, sending the magazine on its path of becoming a top fashion authority. Eventually, Mr. Nast’s portfolio expanded to include House & Garden, Vanity Fair (briefly known as Dress and Vanity Fair), Glamour and American Golfer. The company also introduced British Vogue in 1916, and Condé Nast became the first publisher of an overseas edition of an existing magazine.

Mr. Nast remained committed to publishing the highest-quality magazines, and in order to ensure the finest printing for his magazines opened a state-of-the-art printing press in 1924. It eventually grew to become one of the finest manufacturing plants in the country (until it closed in 1964 to make way for more centrally located sites capable of producing higher volumes). Adherence to those high standards continued even during the Great Depression, when Condé Nast introduced innovative typography, design and color. Vogue's first full color photograph was featured on the cover in 1932, marking the year when Condé Nast began replacing fashion drawings on covers with photo illustrations―an innovative move at the time.^[3] Glamour, launched in 1939, was the last magazine personally introduced to the company by Mr. Nast, who died in 1942.

In 1959, Samuel I. Newhouse, known as “Sam,” bought a controlling interest in Condé Nast, merging it with the privately held holding company Advance Publications. His son, S.I. Newhouse, Jr., known as “Si,” became chairman of Condé Nast in 1975.

The Newhouse era at Condé Nast launched a period of acquisitions (Brides was acquired in 1959), overhauls of existing magazines (after being shuttered in 1936, Vanity Fair was revived in 1983) and the founding of new publications (Self was launched in 1979). And during the years following Samuel’s 1979 death, Condé Nast continued to control an impressive roster of publications, maintaining its image as a premier publisher.

In June 1999, Condé Nast moved from its 350 Madison Avenue address to 4 Times Square,^[4] which at the time had been the first skyscraper built in New York City since 1992 and boasted a Frank Gehry cafeteria. The move was also viewed as a contributor to the transformation of Times Square.^[5]

In August 1999, Condé Nast purchased Fairchild Publications^[6] (now known as Fairchild Fashion Media), home to W and WWD, from the Walt Disney Company.

On October 5, 2009, Condé Nast announced the closure of three of its publications: Cookie, Modern Bride, and Elegant Bride. Gourmet ceased monthly publication with its November 2009 issue; the Gourmet brand was later resurrected as "Gourmet Live," an iPad app that delivers new editorial content in the form of recipes, interviews, stories and videos. In print, Gourmet continues in the form of special editions on newsstands and cookbooks.

Other Condé Nast titles were shut down as well. The company folded the women's magazine Jane with its August issue in 2007 and later shut down its website. One of Condé Nast's oldest titles, the American edition of House and Garden, ceased publication after the December 2007 issue. Portfolio, Mademoiselle and Domino were folded as well.

Condé Nast has also made some notable acquisitions. On October 31, 2006, Condé Nast acquired the content aggregation site Reddit, which was later spun off as a wholly owned subsidiary in September 2011. On May 20, 2008, the company announced its acquisition of another popular technology-oriented website, ArsTechnica.com.

In July 2010, Robert Sauerberg became Condé Nast’s president, ushering in a new era less reliant on print adverting and increasingly focused on the development of digital platforms, innovative products and new marketing services to generate revenue. In May 2011, Condé Nast was the first major publisher to deliver subscriptions for the iPad, starting with The New Yorker; the company has since rolled out iPad subscriptions for nine of its titles. In the same month, Next Issue Media, a joint venture formed by five U.S. publishers including Condé Nast, announced subscriptions for Android devices, initially available for the Samsung Galaxy Tab.^[7]

In June 2011, Condé Nast announced that it would relocate its headquarters to One World Trade Center in 2015.^[8]

In September 2011, Condé Nast said it would offer 17 of its brands to the Kindle Fire, Amazon’s answer to Apple’s iPad. ^[9]

Current US publications and digital assets[link]

Fashion and lifestyle[link]

• Vogue
• W
• Glamour
• Allure
• Self
• Teen Vogue
• GQ
• Details
• Lucky
• Style.com/Print
• Style.com

Home[link]

• Architectural Digest

Bridal[link]

• Brides

Golf[link]

• Golf Digest
• Golf World

Food[link]

• Bon Appétit
• Epicurious
• Gourmet Live

Travel[link]

• Condé Nast Traveler

Technology[link]

• Wired
• Ars Technica

Culture[link]

• Vanity Fair
• The New Yorker

Trade[link]

• WWD
• Footwear News

Defunct publications[link]

• Cargo
• Condé Nast Portfolio
• Cookie
• Domino
• Elegant Bride
• Golf for Women
• Gourmet
• House and Garden (defunct in U.S.; still published in U.K.)
• Jane
• Mademoiselle
• Men's Vogue
• Modern Bride
• Vitals Men
• Vitals Women
• Vogue Living
• Women's Sports and Fitness
• Your Prom

Mergers and acquisitions[link]

Acquisitions[link]

Date	Company	Business	Country	Value (USD)	References
01987-12-30December 30, 1987	Signature Magazine[note 1]	Magazine	United States	—	[10]
01988-11-30November 30, 1988	Woman[note 2]	Magazine	United States	$&1000000001000000000000010,000,000	[11]
01990-06-25June 25, 1990	Cook's[note 3]	Magazines	United States	—	[12]
01992-04-22April 22, 1992	K-III Magazines-Magazine Sub[note 4]	Subscriber lists	United States	—	[13]
01993-04-20April 20, 1993	Knapp Communications	Magazines	United States	$&10000000175000000000000175,000,000	[14]
01998-06-12June 12, 1998	Wired Magazine[note 5]	Magazines	United States	$&1000000009000000000000090,000,000	[15]
01999-12-01December 1, 1999	Fairchild Publications[note 6]	Magazines and newspapers	United States	$&10000000650000000000000650,000,000	[16]
02001-09-05September 5, 2001	Johansens[note 7]	Accommodation guides	United States	—	[17]
02002-02-28February 28, 2002	Modern Bride Group[note 8]	Magazines	United States	$&1000000005200000000000052,000,000	[18]
02002-03-28March 28, 2002	Ideas Publishing Group[note 9]	Publishing	United States	—	[19]
02006-07-11July 11, 2006	Lycos Inc-Wired News[note 10]	Online news	United States	$&1000000002500000000000025,000,000	[20]
02006-07-20July 20, 2006	Nutrition Data	Internet service provider	United States	—	[21]
02006-10-31October 31, 2006	Reddit	Online News	United States	—	[22]
02008-04-23April 23, 2008	SFO*Media	Web sites	United States	—	[23]
02008-05-20May 20, 2008	Ars Technica	Web sites	United States	—	[24]
02012-04-11April 11, 2012	ZipList	Web sites	United States	—	[25]

Stakes[link]

Date	Company	Business	Country	Value (USD)	References
01988-11-29November 29, 1988	Wagadon[note 11]	Magazines	United States	—	[26]
01994-01-19January 19, 1994	Wired Magazine	Magazines	United States	—	[27]
02001-01-17January 17, 2001	Ideas Publishing Group[note 12]	Publishing	United States	—	[28]

References[link]

Notes

References

External links[link]

• Condé Nast corporate homepage
• Condé Nast Store
• Condé Nast article in St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture
• Gourmet Live

Eric Schmidt
Eric Schmidt at the 37th G8 summit in 2011.
Born	(1955-04-27) April 27, 1955 (age 57) Washington, D.C., United States
Residence	Atherton, California, U.S.
Alma mater	Princeton University University of California, Berkeley
Occupation	Software engineer, businessman
Salary	$1.25 million in 2012[1]
Net worth	US$ 6.9 billion (2012)[2]
Title	Executive Chairman of Google
Website
Google.com - Eric Schmidt

Eric Emerson Schmidt (born April 27, 1955) is an American software engineer, businessman and the current executive chairman of Google.^[3] From 2001 to 2011, he served as the chief executive of Google.

Additionally, Schmidt was a former member on the board of directors for Apple Inc. and sat on the boards of trustees for both Carnegie Mellon University and Princeton University.^[4][5][6]

Along with Mike Lesk, Schmidt co-authored the lex analysis software program for the Unix computer operating system.

Biography[link]

Schmidt was born in Washington, D.C., and grew up in Blacksburg, Virginia, United States. After graduating from Yorktown High School,^[7] Schmidt attended Princeton University where he earned a B.S. in electrical engineering in 1976.^[8] At the University of California, Berkeley, he earned an MS in 1979 for designing and implementing a network linking the campus computer center, the CS and the EECS departments,^[9] and a PhD in 1982 in EECS with a dissertation about the problems of managing distributed software development and tools for solving these problems.^[10] He was joint author of lex (a lexical analyzer and an important tool for compiler construction). He taught at Stanford Graduate School of Business as a part time professor.^[11]

Schmidt and his wife Wendy lived in Atherton, California in 1999.^[12] In 2011, he was reported to be dating Lisa Shields, a communications executive for the Council on Foreign Relations, a New York-based foreign policy think tank.^[13].

He was on the list of ARTnews 200 top art collectors in 2008.^[14]

He is also a member of the Bilderberg Group and attended the Swiss 2011 Bilderberg conference in St. Moritz, Switzerland.^[15][16]

The Eric Schmidt Family Foundation[link]

The Eric Schmidt Family Foundation addresses issues of sustainability and the responsible use of natural resources. Wendy and Eric Schmidt, working with Heart Howerton, a San Francisco architectural firm that specializes in large-scale land use, have inaugurated several projects on the island of Nantucket that seek to sustain the unique character of the island, and to minimize the impact of seasonal visitation on the island's core community. Wendy Schmidt offered the prize purse of the Wendy Schmidt Oil Cleanup X CHALLENGE, a challenge award for efficient capturing of crude oil from seawater motivated by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.^[17]

Career[link]

Early career[link]

Early in his career, Schmidt held a series of technical positions with IT companies, Byzromotti Design, including Bell Labs, Zilog and Xerox’s famed Palo Alto Research Cente (PARC).

From Sun to Google[link]

Schmidt joined Sun Microsystems in 1983 as its first software manager. He rose to become director of software engineering, vice president and general manager of the software products division, vice president of the general systems group, and president of Sun Technology Enterprises.^[18]

During his time at Sun he was the butt of two notable April Fool's Day pranks. In the first his office was taken apart and rebuilt on a platform in the middle of a pond complete with working phone. The next year a working Volkswagen Bug was taken apart and re-assembled in his office.

In April 1997, he became CEO and chairman of the board of Novell. Schmidt left Novell after the acquisition of Cambridge Technology Partners.

Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin interviewed Schmidt. Impressed by him,^[19] they recruited Schmidt to run their company in 2001 under the guidance of venture capitalists John Doerr and Michael Moritz.

Google[link]

Schmidt joined Google's board of directors as chairman in March 2001 and became the company's CEO in August 2001. At Google, Schmidt shared responsibility for Google's daily operations with founders Page and Brin. As indicated by page 29 of Google's 2004 S-1 Filing^[20] Schmidt, Page, and Brin ran Google as a triumvirate. Schmidt had legal responsibilities typically assigned to the CEO of a public company and focused on management of the vice presidents and the sales organization.

According to Google's website, Schmidt also focuses on "building the corporate infrastructure needed to maintain Google's rapid growth as a company and on ensuring that quality remains high while product development cycle times are kept to a minimum."^[21]

In 2007, PC World ranked Schmidt as the first on the list of the 50 most important people on the web, along with Google co-Founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin.^[22]

In 2009, Schmidt was considered one of the "TopGun CEOs" by Brendan Wood International, an advisory agency.^[23][24]

On January 20, 2011, Google announced that Schmidt would step down as CEO of Google, but continue as the executive chairman of the company, and act as an adviser to co-founders Page and Brin. Page replaced Schmidt as CEO on April 4, 2011. ^[25]

The 2011 book In the Plex: How Google Thinks, Works, and Shapes Our Lives by Steven Levy claims that in 2001, Schmidt requested that a political donation he made be removed from Google search results. The request was not fulfilled. Schmidt has denied this ever occurred.^[26]

Apple[link]

Schmidt was elected to Apple's board of directors on August 28, 2006.^[27] On August 3, 2009, it was announced that Schmidt would resign from the board of directors at Apple due to conflicts of interest amid the growing competition between Google and Apple.^[4]

President Barack Obama[link]

Schmidt was a campaign advisor and major donor to Barack Obama, and when he announced he was leaving that perch, he planned to remain at the forefront of Google’s government relations team. Obama has even considered him for Commerce Secretary.^[28] Schmidt was an informal advisor to the Obama presidential campaign and began campaigning the week of October 19, 2008, on behalf of the candidate.^[29] He had been mentioned as a possible candidate for the chief technology officer position which Obama created in his administration.^[30] After Obama won, Schmidt was a member of President Obama's transition advisory board. He proposed that the easiest way to solve all of the problems of the United States at once, at least in the domestic policy, is by a stimulus program that rewards renewable energy and, over time, attempts to replace fossil fuels with renewable energy.^[31] He has since become a new member of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology PCAST.^[32]

New America Foundation[link]

The New America Foundation is a non-profit public policy institute and think tank, founded in 1999. Schmidt is the current chairman of the board of directors. He succeeded founding chairman James Fallows in 2008.^[33]

Innovation Endeavors[link]

Founded in 2010 by Google Chairman Eric Schmidt and Dror Berman, Innovation Endeavors is an early stage venture fund focused on advancing the world by providing high-impact entrepreneurs with the capital, coaching and network to build game-changing ventures. Innovation Endeavors has invested in more than 30 companies around the world in various industries. The firm is based in Palo Alto, USA. ^[34]

Compensation[link]

Upon being hired at Google, Eric Schmidt was paid a salary of $250,000, and an annual performance bonus. He was granted 14,331,703 shares of class B common stock at 30 cents per share, and 426,892 shares of Series C preferred stock at purchase price of $2.34.^[35]

Schmidt and the Google founders agreed to a base salary of $1 in 2004 (which continued through 2010), with other compensation of $557,465 in 2006,^[36] $508,763 in 2008 and $243,661 in 2009. He did not receive any additional stock, or options in 2009 or 2010.^[37][38] Most of his compensation was for "personal security" and charters of private aircraft.^[38] Schmidt is one of the few people who became billionaires (in United States dollars) based on stock options received as an employee in a corporation of which he was neither the founder nor a relative of the founder.^[39] In its 2011 'World's Billionaires' list, Forbes ranked Schmidt as the 136th richest person in the world, with an estimated wealth of $7 billion.^[2] Google gave him $100 million in 2011 as a parting gift.^[40]

Views[link]

During an interview which aired on December 3, 2009, on the CNBC documentary "Inside the Mind of Google", Schmidt was asked, "People are treating Google like their most trusted friend. Should they be?" His reply was: "I think judgment matters. If you have something that you don’t want anyone to know, maybe you shouldn’t be doing it in the first place, but if you really need that kind of privacy, the reality is that search engines including Google do retain this information for some time, and it’s important, for example, that we are all subject in the United States to the Patriot Act. It is possible that, that information could be made available to the authorities." ^[41][42] At the Techonomy conference on August 4, 2010, Schmidt expressed that technology is good, but he said that the only way to manage the challenges is "much greater transparency and no anonymity." Schmidt also stated that in an era of asymmetric threats, "true anonymity is too dangerous." ^[43]

In August 2010, Schmidt clarified his company's views on network neutrality: "I want to be clear what we mean by Net neutrality: What we mean is if you have one data type like video, you don't discriminate against one person's video in favor of another. But it's okay to discriminate across different types, so you could prioritize voice over video, and there is general agreement with Verizon and Google on that issue."^[44]

According to PCWorld Schmidt also expressed the following sentiment: "if you don’t have anything to hide, you have nothing to fear" ^[45]

See also[link]

• List of billionaires
• 70/20/10 Model — business model advocated by Schmidt^[46]
• RechargeIT

References[link]

• "Google Boss Dates P.R. Beauty". New York Post. July 28, 2011. http://www.nypost.com/p/pagesix/google_boss_dates_beauty_nb2QK0SyBVOuJ4ZNlV5gCP. 

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Eric E. Schmidt

• Eric Schmidt on Google+
• Eric Schmidt on Twitter
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Eric Schmidt on Charlie Rose
• Eric Schmidt at the Internet Movie Database
• Eric Schmidt collected news and commentary at The Guardian
• Eric Schmidt collected news and commentary at The New York Times
• Eric Schmidt collected news and commentary at The Wall Street Journal

Speeches

• Eric Schmidt and Larry Page speaking at Stanford (May 1, 2002)
• Eric Schmidt talks about innovation on Executive Talks, November 2006
• Schmidt-ceo-of-google.html Eric Schmidt interview by iinnovate, March 2007^{[dead link]}
• YouTube: Eric Schmidt at the Seoul Digital Forum. (2007.06.05)
• Eric Schmidt speaks as part of NASA 50 years Lecture Series, January 17, 2008
• Mobile World Congress 2010 Keynote: Eric Schmidt, CEO, Google(Feb 2010)
• iTunes: Google making of a modern company.^[when?]

Articles

• CNET: Google balances privacy, reach (July 14, 2005), which uses Eric Schmidt as an example of the personal information held by Google.
• Princeton University Board of Trustees^{[dead link]}

Edward Steichen
Edward Steichen, photographed by Fred Holland Day
Birth name	Éduard Jean Steichen
Born	(1879-03-27)March 27, 1879 Bivange, Luxembourg
Died	March 25, 1973(1973-03-25) (aged 93) West Redding, Connecticut
Nationality	American
Field	Painting, Photography

Edward J. Steichen (March 27, 1879 – March 25, 1973) was an American photographer, painter, and art gallery and museum curator. He was the most frequently featured photographer in Alfred Stieglitz' groundbreaking magazine Camera Work during its run from 1903 to 1917. Steichen also contributed the logo design and a custom typeface to the magazine. In partnership with Stieglitz, Steichen opened the "Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession", which was eventually known as 291, after its address. This gallery presented among the first American exhibitions of (among others) Henri Matisse, Auguste Rodin, Paul Cézanne, Pablo Picasso, and Constantin Brâncuşi. Steichen's photos of gowns designed by couturier Paul Poiret in the magazine Art et Décoration in 1911 are regarded as the first modern fashion photographs ever published. Serving in the US Army in World War I (and the US Navy in the Second World War), he commanded significant units contributing to military photography. He was a photographer for the Condé Nast magazines Vogue and Vanity Fair from 1923–1938, and concurrently worked for many advertising agencies including J. Walter Thompson. During these years Steichen was regarded as the best known and highest paid photographer in the world. Steichen directed the war documentary The Fighting Lady, which won the 1945 Academy Award for Best Documentary. After World War II he was Director of the Department of Photography at New York's Museum of Modern Art until 1962. While at MoMA, in 1955 he curated and assembled the exhibit The Family of Man. The exhibit eventually traveled to sixty-nine countries, was seen by nine million people, and sold two and a half million copies of a companion book. In 1962, Steichen hired John Szarkowski to be his successor at the Museum of Modern Art.

Early life[link]

Steichen was born Éduard Jean Steichen in Bivange, Luxembourg, the son of Jean-Pierre and Marie Kemp Steichen.^[1] Jean-Pierre Steichen initially immigrated to the United States in 1880.^[1] Marie Steichen brought the infant Eduard along once Jean-Pierre had settled in Chicago, in 1881.^[2] The family, with the addition of Eduard's younger sister Lilian, moved to Milwaukee in 1889, when Steichen was 10.^[3]

In 1894, at the age of fifteen, Steichen began a four-year lithography apprenticeship with the American Fine Art Company of Milwaukee.^[4] After hours he would sketch and draw, and began to teach himself to paint.^[5] Having come across a camera shop near to his work, he visited frequently with curiosity until he persuaded himself to buy his first camera, a secondhand Kodak box "detective" camera, in 1895.^[6] Steichen and his friends who were also interested in drawing and photography pooled together their funds, rented a small room in a Milwaukee office building, and began calling themselves the Milwaukee Art Students League.^[7] The group also hired Richard Lorenz and Robert Schade for occasional lectures.^[4]

Steichen was naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 1900, and signed the naturalization papers as Edward J. Steichen; however, he continued to use his birth name of Eduard until after the First World War.^[8]

Family life[link]

Steichen married Clara Smith in 1903. They had two daughters, Katherine and Mary. They divorced in 1922. In 1923, Steichen married Dana Desboro Glover. She died of leukemia in 1957. In 1960, at the age of 80, Steichen married Joanna Taub, and remained married to her until his death. Joanna Steichen died on July 24, 2010, in Montauk, New York, at the age of 77.^[9]

Partnership with Stieglitz[link]

Young American Artists of the Modern School, L. to R. Jo Davidson, Edward Steichen, Arthur B. Carles, John Marin; back: Marsden Hartley, Laurence Fellows, c. 1911, Bates College Museum of Art

Steichen met Alfred Stieglitz in 1900, while stopping in New York City en route to Paris from his home in Milwaukee.^[10] In that first meeting, Stieglitz expressed praise for Steichen's background in painting, and also bought three photographic prints of Steichen's.^[11]

In 1902, when Stieglitz was formulating what would become Camera Work, he asked Steichen to design the logo for the magazine, with a custom typeface.^[12]

Steichen began experimenting with color photography in 1904, and was one of the first people in the United States to use the Autochrome Lumière process. In 1905, Steichen helped create the Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession with Stieglitz.

In 1911, Steichen was "dared" by Lucien Vogel, the publisher of Jardin des Modes and La Gazette du Bon Ton, to promote fashion as a fine art by the use of photography.^[13] Steichen then took photos of gowns designed by couturier Paul Poiret.^[13] These photographs were published in the April 1911 issue of the magazine Art et Décoration.^[13] According to Jesse Alexander, This is "...now considered to be the first ever modern fashion photography shoot. That is, photographing the garments in such a way as to convey a sense of their physical quality as well as their formal appearance, as opposed to simply illustrating the object."^[14]

After World War I, during which he commanded the photographic division of the American Expeditionary Forces, he reverted to straight photography, gradually moving into fashion photography. Steichen's 1928 photo of actress Greta Garbo is recognized as one of the definitive portraits of Garbo.

Later work[link]

The initial publication of Ansel Adams' image Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico was in U.S. Camera Annual 1943, after being selected by Steichen, who was serving as "photo judge" for the publication.^[15] This gave Moonrise an audience before its first formal exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in 1944.^[16]

During World War II, he served as Director of the Naval Aviation Photographic Unit.^[17][18] His war documentary The Fighting Lady won the 1945 Academy Award for Best Documentary. After the war, Steichen served until 1962 as the Director of Photography at New York's Museum of Modern Art.

Among other accomplishments, Steichen is appreciated for creating The Family of Man in 1955, a vast exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art consisting of over 500 photos that depicted life, love and death in 68 countries. Steichen's brother-in-law, Carl Sandburg, wrote a "Prologue" for the exhibition catalog. As had been Steichen's wish, the exhibition was donated to the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. It is now permanently housed in the Luxembourg town of Clervaux.^[19]

On December 6, 1963, Steichen was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon Johnson.

In 1970, an evening show was presented in Arles during The Rencontres d'Arles festival: "Edward Steichen, photographe" by Martin Boschet.

A show of early color photographs by Steichen was held at Mudam Luxembourg from July 14 to September 3, 2007.^[20]

Steichen purchased a farm that he called Umpawaug in 1928, just outside West Redding, Connecticut.^[21] Steichen lived there until his death in 1973.^[22] After his death, Steichen's farm was made into a park, known as Topstone Park.^[23] Topstone Park is open seasonally to this day.^[24]

[edit] The Pond–Moonlight

Steichen's The Pond—Moonlight

In February 2006, a print of Steichen's early pictorialist photograph, The Pond—Moonlight (1904), sold for what was then the highest price ever paid for a photograph at auction, U.S. $2.9 million. (See List of most expensive photographs).

Steichen took the photograph in Mamaroneck, New York near the home of his friend, art critic Charles Caffin. The photo features a wooded area and pond, with moonlight appearing between the trees and reflecting on the pond. While the print appears to be a color photograph, the first true color photographic process, the autochrome process, was not available until 1907. Steichen created the impression of color by manually applying layers of light-sensitive gums to the paper. Only three known versions of the Pond—Moonlight are still in existence and, as a result of the hand-layering of the gums, each is unique. In addition to the auctioned print, the other two versions are held in museum collections. The extraordinary sale price of the print is, in part, attributable to its one-of-a-kind character and to its rarity.^[25]

Gallery[link]

• 

  "Landscape with Avenue of Trees," a painting by Steichen, 1902

• 

  Portrait of Auguste Rodin by Steichen, 1902

• 

  The cover of Camera Work, showing Steichen's design and custom typeface. Also, in this specific issue, Issue 2, the entire volume was devoted to Steichen's photographs.

• 

  "Self-portrait", by Edward Steichen. Published in Camera Work No 2, 1903

• 

  Portrait of J.P. Morgan, taken in 1903

• 

  The Flatiron Building in a photograph of 1904, taken by Steichen.

• 

  "Experiment in Three-Color Photography," by Steichen, published in Camera Work No 15, 1906

• 

  "Pastoral – Moonlight," by Steichen, published in Camera Work No 20, 1907

• 

  "Eugene, Stieglitz, Kühn and Steichen Admiring the Work of Eugene," by Frank Eugene from 1907. From left to right are Eugene, Alfred Stieglitz, Heinrich Kühn, and Steichen.

• 

  Picture by Steichen of Brâncuşi's studio, 1920

• 

  Portrait of Constantin Brâncuşi, taken at Steichen's home & studio at Voulangis, in 1922.

• 

  "Wind Fire." Thérèse Duncan, the adopted daughter of Isadora Duncan, dancing at the Acropolis of Athens, 1921, by Steichen.

• 

  "Aircraft of Carrier Air Group 16 return to the USS Lexington (CV-16) during the Gilberts operation, November 1943." Photographed by Commander Edward Steichen, USNR.

• 

  Cmdr Edward Steichen photographed above the deck of the aircraft carrier USS Lexington (CV-16) by Ens Victor Jorgensen, November 1943.

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Haskell, Barbara (2000). Edward Steichen. New York: Whitney Museum of American Art.
• DePietro, Anne Cohen; Goley, Mary Anne (2003). Eduard Steichen: Four Paintings in Context. Hollis Taggart Galleries.
• DePietro, Anne Cohen (1985). The Paintings of Eduard Steichen. Huntington, NY: The Heckscher Museum. LCCN 85-080519 (Exhibition Catalog).
• Mitchell, Emily (2007). The Last Summer of the World. Norton. (A fictional narrative about Steichen.)
• Niven, Penelope (1997). Steichen: A Biography. New York: Clarkson Potter. ISBN 0-517-59373-4.
• Sandeen, Eric J. (1995). Picturing an Exhibition: The Family of Man and 1950's America. University of New Mexico Press.
• Smith, Joel (1999). Edward Steichen: The Early Years. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
• Steichen, Edward (1955). The Family of Man: The Greatest Photographic Exhibition of All Time. New York: Maco Pub. Co for the Museum of Modern Art.

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Edward Steichen

• Edward J. Steichen Online
• Edward Steichen Photographs
• bloom! Experiments in color photography by Edward Steichen at Mudam
• Edward Steichen at Museo Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain from June 25, 2008, to September 22, 2008
• [Triond link to David J. Marcou's article "From Luxembourg and America to the World: Edward Steichen's Photographic Legacy" relating to Mr. Steichen's Wisconsin background, in particular, can be found on La Crosse History Unbound Website.]
• John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum (a list of the 1963 recipients of the Medal of Freedom)

Jeffrey Immelt
Immelt at the Centricity Healthcare User Group conference in Washington, D.C. (August 28, 2009)
Chairperson of the Council on Jobs and Competitiveness
Incumbent
Assumed office February 23, 2011
President	Barack Obama
Preceded by	Paul Volcker (President's Economic Recovery Advisory Board)
Chairman and CEO of General Electric
Incumbent
Assumed office September 7, 2001
Preceded by	Jack Welch
Personal details
Born	(1956-02-19) February 19, 1956 (age 56) Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Political party	Republican Party[1]
Spouse(s)	Andrea Immelt
Children	1 (Sarah)
Alma mater	Dartmouth College Harvard Business School

Jeffrey Robert "Jeff" Immelt (born February 19, 1956) is an American business executive. He is currently the chairman of the board and chief executive officer of the U.S.-based conglomerate General Electric. He was selected by GE's Board of Directors in 2000 to replace Jack Welch following his retirement. Previously, Immelt had headed up GE's Medical Systems division (now known as GE Healthcare) as its President and CEO.

Life and career[link]

Immelt was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, the son of Donna Rosemary (née Wallace), a school teacher, and Joseph Francis Immelt, who managed the General Electric Aircraft Engines Division.^[2][3] Immelt attended Finneytown High School; he played football in college and was an offensive tackle^[4]. He holds an B.A. in Applied Mathematics from Dartmouth College where he currently serves on the board of trustees^[5] and was president of his fraternity, Phi Delta Alpha, and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School. He has been with GE since 1982 and is on the board of two non-profit organizations, one of which is the Robin Hood Foundation, a charitable organization which attempts to alleviate problems caused by poverty in New York City.^[6]

His tenure as chairman and CEO started off on a low note - he took over the role on September 7, 2001, just four days before the terrorist attacks on the United States, which killed two employees and cost GE's insurance business $600 million, as well as having a direct effect on the company's Aircraft Engines sector. Jeffrey Immelt has been CEO of General Electric for 10 years and with the company for 29 years, where he finds himself as number 145 on Forbes' CEO Compensation list. He has a total five year compensation of $53.82 million, ranking him 6th place among the Conglomerates. ^[7] Immelt was named to Time magazine's 100 most influential people in the world in 2008.^[8] Since taking over, GE's stock has dropped nearly 60%. General Electric has closed more than 31 plants since 2008 and let go of more than 19,000 employees, but Immelt still took home $15.2 million in 2011.^[9] Recently, Immelt has been criticized by Fox News Channel's Bill O'Reilly for business transactions between GE and Iran, the country which has reportedly been attacking U.S. forces in Iraq.^[10] O'Reilly went as far as to say, "If my child were killed in Iraq, I would blame the likes of Jeffrey Immelt".^[11] GE's website claims that the company stopped doing business in Iran in 2005 (and finished all contracts by 2008).^[12]

According to documents filed with the Federal Elections Commission, Immelt lives with his wife Andrea in New Canaan, Connecticut.

Obama administration[link]

In February 2009, Immelt was appointed as a member to the President's Economic Recovery Advisory Board to provide the president and his administration with advice and counsel in fixing America's economic downturn.^[13] When President Obama chose to put Jeffrey Immelt at the head of the Economic Advisory Board, he felt that Immelt had attributions in knowing what would help the global economy. Obama has reported that Immelt has emerged as one of his top economic advisors in regards to trying to rebuild America's economy.^[14]

On January 21, 2011, President Obama announced Immelt's appointment as chairman of his outside panel of economic advisers, succeeding former Federal Reserve chairman Paul Volcker.^[15] The New York Times reported that Obama's appointment of Immelt was "another strong signal that he intends to make the White House more business-friendly."^[15] Immelt will retain his post at G.E. while becoming "chairman of the Council on Jobs and Competitiveness, a newly named panel that President Obama is creating by executive order."^[15] Despite this, in July 2011 Immelt's General Electric announced that it is in the process of relocating its X-ray division from Wisconsin to China.^[16][17] Immelt had previously referred to China as GE's "second home market".^[18]

Compensation[link]

Immelt at U.S. Climate Action Partnership event in 2007

As CEO of General Electric in 2007, Immelt earned a total compensation of $14,209,267, which included a base salary of $3,300,000, a cash bonus of $5,800,000, stocks granted of $4,713,000, and options granted of $0.^[19] In 2008, he earned a total compensation of $5,717,469, which included a base salary of $3,300,000, stocks granted of $2,044,650, and other compensation of $372,819. He waived his bonus in 2008.^[20] In 2009, Immelt earned a total compensation of $5,487,155, which included a base salary of $3,300,000, a cash bonus of $0, stocks granted of $1,791,000, and options granted of $0, and other income of $396,155.^[21] In 2010, Immelt's compensation nearly doubled to $15.2 million. He did not receive any bonus for almost 2 years, but in February he received $4 million for his work in 2010. ^[22]

Commencement addresses[link]

After becoming chairman of GE, Immelt delivered his first commencement address to the 2001 graduating class of the Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College, of which he is an alumnus. He gave the college commencement address and received an honorary Doctor of Laws from Dartmouth, in June 2004.^[23] In the years that followed, Immelt gave the commencement address at Northeastern University (2006), Pepperdine University on April 29, 2006, the Georgia Institute of Technology on May 5, 2007, the University of Notre Dame on May 20, 2007, Worcester Polytechnic Institute on May 17, 2008, and Michigan State University on December 11, 2010, receiving honorary doctorates from all six as well. He was the commencement speaker on May 23, 2010, at Hamilton College and on May 24, 2010, at Boston College. He addressed the undergraduate class of 2011 of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County on May 23, 2011, and received an honorary Doctor of Public Service ^[24] degree despite controversy at the school^[25] over GE's corporate tax strategies.^[26]

Further reading[link]

• David Magee, 2009, Jeff Immelt and the New GE Way: Innovation, Transformation, and Winning in the 21st Century, McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 978-0-07-160587-8
• The Immelt Revolution, businessweek, 2005

References[link]