The movement of water around, over, and through the Earth is called the water cycle, a key process of the hydrosphere.

A hydrosphere (from Greek ὕδωρ - hudōr, "water"^[1] and σφαῖρα - sphaira, "sphere"^[2]) in physical geography describes the combined mass of water found on, under, and over the surface of a planet.

The total mass of the Earth's hydrosphere is about 1.4 × 10¹⁸ tonnes, which is about 0.023% of the Earth's total mass. About 20 × 10¹² tonnes of this is in the Earth's atmosphere (the volume of one tonne of water is approximately 1 cubic metre). Approximately 75% of the Earth's surface, an area of some 361 million square kilometres (139.5 million square miles), is covered by ocean. The average salinity of the Earth's oceans is about 35 grams of salt per kilogram of sea water (3.5%) ^[3]

Hydrological cycle[link]

Energy from the sun, in the form of heat and light (insolation), causes evaporation from all wet surfaces including oceans, rivers, lakes, soil and the leaves of plants. Water vapor is further released as transpiration from vegetation and from humans and other animals.

See also[link]

• Biosphere
• Cryosphere
• Earth's atmosphere
• Lithosphere
• Ocean
• Pedosphere
• Table of global climate system components
• Water cycle

References[link]

External links[link]

Look up hydrosphere in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Ground Water - USGS

v t e Water Outline Data page Properties Model Origin on Earth Distribution on Earth Hydrosphere Hydrobiology Hydrology Supply Management Water pollution Water resources Water cycle Category Commons WikiProject Water

Yuka Honda is a Japanese musician who resides in New York City. She is a multi-instrumentalist musician, composer, record producer, and co-founder of the band Cibo Matto. Throughout her career, she has collaborated with a diverse array of musicians, including Petra Haden, Sean Lennon, Mike Watt, Nels Cline, Tricky, Harper Simon, Beastie Boys, Los Lobos, Mitchell Froom, Medeski Martin & Wood, Marc Ribot, Yoshimi P-We, Arto Lindsay, Edie Brickell, Vincent Gallo, Luscious Jackson, Dave Douglas, Bernie Worrell and Caetano Veloso.

Biography[link]

Honda was born in Tokyo, Japan, and spent a few years of her childhood in Germany and Denmark. She went to school in Aix-en-Provence, France then moved to New York City in November 1986. She had some classical training in her childhood but never thought that she would become a musician. When she came to New York, she was writing for a Japanese food magazine.

In 1988, she hit her first stage at CBGB's as a keyboard player with Greg Cohen and Michael Blair. In 1989, she started the band "The Flaming Hoops" with boyfriend then husband Dougie Bowne, E.J. Rodriguez and Erik Sanko and recorded a self-titled album on which she plays a duet with Michael Brecker. In 1990, she joined Jazz Passengers in their musical play "Jazz Passengers in Egypt", and she appeared in their live album Live at Knitting Factory. She also joined a live hip-hop band "Rhythm Method", then a funk band Brooklyn Funk Essentials, but her main focus was the band she started with husband Dougie Bowne and Marc Anthony Thompson, Hope Is a Muscle. In 1992, she played Queen Elizabeth Hall in South Bank, London, supporting Arto Lindsay along with Marc Ribot, Bernie Worrell and Brian Eno.

In 1993, Honda met Miho Hatori while working with the band Leitoh Lychee. The two formed their own band, Cibo Matto, in March 1994, by which time Honda had divorced from Bowne. The unique formation of the band in which Hatori was the singer who sang all the songs in relation to food and love, and Honda was the only instrumentalist where she played live electronics and made the sound of a full band, generated a quick sensation in the city, and they signed the record deal with Warner Brothers before the year was over. In 1995, they recorded their debut album Viva! La Woman with Mitchell Froom and Tchad Blake. During the same year, they met Russell Simins when they opened up for Blues Explosion, and started the band Butter 08 with Mike Mills, Evan Bernard and Rick Lee. Honda produced their self-titled album with Simins. Both Cibo Matto and Butter 08 released their albums in 1996.

She was in a romantic relationship with Sean Lennon from 1996 to 2000, and produced his 1998 album Into the Sun. The two met when Honda remixed Yoko Ono's song "Talking to the Universe" (from the album Rising), along with Thurston Moore, Tricky, Beastie Boys and Ween. Cibo Matto invited Lennon and Timo Ellis to join the band as they started to tour frequently. From 1996 to 2000, Honda toured extensively with all three projects she was involved in.

Also in 1996, Cibo Matto worked with the film director Michel Gondry on their single Sugar Water, a highly artistic music video in the form of a visual palindrome.

Cibo Matto broke up in 2001. Her work since then seems to be concentrated more in the downtown New York scene, working with musicians such as Dave Douglas, Susie Ibarra, Vincent Gallo, Trevor Dunn, Jim O'Rourke and John Zorn, for whose label Tzadik Honda recorded her two solo albums. In 2003, Honda collaborated with Boredoms drummer Yoshimi P-We, under the name Yoshimi and Yuka.

In 2005, Honda worked for Hal Willner at Expo 2005 for the 3D animation which was directed by Robert Wilson. She also sang on the Dopo Yume album The Secret Show.

In 2006 Honda played keyboards on Sean Lennon's album Friendly Fire. She acted as musical director for the supporting tour.

Honda worked on a collection of songs with Petra Haden[1], apparently with contributing performances by Sean Lennon and Trevor Dunn.

In 2007, she co-produced Irina Lazareanu with Sean Lennon. She also wrote songs and recorded with Edie Brickell on her new album The Heavy Circles.

in 2009, she worked on Yoko Ono's Between My Head and the Sky as Assistant Producer. She's also credited with mixing the album along with Yoko and Sean, and with "Pro-Tools Editing, sampler, e. piano, organ percussion."

In late 2009, early 2010 she performed as a member of the reformed Plastic Ono Band including concerts in Tokyo and New York, and also appeared as a member of the group The Ghost of a Sabre Tooth Tiger. She also performed improvisational shows with Mike Watt and Nels Cline in the groups Floored By Four and Brother's Sister's Daughter. During this period she became romantically involved with - and subsequently engaged to - Cline. They married in Japan in November 2010.

Discography[link]

• Memories Are My Only Witness (2002)
• Eucademix (2004)
• Heart Chamber Phantoms (2010)

Producer[link]

• Butter 08, Butter 08 (1996)
• Cibo Matto, Super Relax (1997)
• Sean Lennon, Into the Sun (1998)
• Cibo Matto, Stereo Type A (1999)
• Maki Nomiya (of Pizzicato Five), the track "Star Struck" on Miss Maki Nomiya Sings (2000)
• Miu Sakamoto, "Beautiful (2000)

Remix[link]

• Yoko Ono, Talking to The Universe Rising Mixes (1996)
• Medeski, Martin & Wood, Sugar Craft Combustication Remix EP (1999)
• HALCALI, "TANDEM-Mutable Chromosome Remix" Tandem (single) (2003)

External links[link]

• Electric Dream Music Interview with Yuka Honda about Memories Are My Only Witness
• Yuka Honda on Tzadik
• History of Cibo Matto