Giovanni Lanfranco's painting, a scene from Orlando Furioso, depicts Norandino and Lucina discovered by an ogre during their honeymoon.

Ogres (feminine singular: ogress, plural: ogresses) are imaginary beings which are usually depicted as large, hideous, humanoid monsters. They are frequently featured in mythology, folklore, and fiction. Ogres appear in many classic works of literature, and are most often described in fairy tales and folklore as feeding on human beings. In visual art, ogres are often depicted as having a large head, abundant hair and beard, a voracious appetite, and a strong body. The term 'ogre' is often applied in a metaphorical sense to disgusting persons who exploit, brutalize, harass or bully others. In both this sense and a literary context, the troll is often seen as a comparable figure.

Etymology[link]

Hop o' My Thumb, illustrated by Gustave Doré

The word ogre is of French origin. Its earliest attestation is in Chrétien de Troyes' late 12th century verse romance Perceval, li contes del graal, which contains the lines:

"And it is written that he will come again to all the realms of Logres, known as the land of ogres, and destroy them with that lance." The ogres in this rhyme may refer to the ogres who, in the pseudohistorical work History of the Kings of Britain by Geoffrey of Monmouth, were the inhabitants of Britain prior to human settlement. Ogre could possibly derive from the two mythical giants Gog and Magog (or from the Greek river god Oiagros, father of Orpheus).

The word ogre came into wider usage in the works of Charles Perrault (1628–1703) or Marie-Catherine Jumelle de Berneville, Comtesse d' Aulnoy (1650–1705), both of whom were French authors. Other sources say that the name is derived from the word Hongrois, which means Hungarian, as of western cultures referred to Hungarians as a kind of monstrosity.^[1] The word ogre is thought to have been popularized by the works of Italian author Giambattista Basile (1575–1632), who used the Neapolitan word uerco, or in standard Italian, orco. This word is documented^[2] in earlier Italian works (Fazio degli Uberti, XIV cent.; Luigi Pulci, XV; Ludovico Ariosto, XV-XVI) and has even older cognates with the Latin orcus and the Old English orcnēas found in Beowulf lines 112-113, which inspired J.R.R. Tolkien's Orc.^[3] All these words may derive from a shared Indo-European mythological concept (as Tolkien himself speculated, as cited by Tom Shippey, The Road to Middle-earth, 45). Some see the French myth of the ogre as being inspired by the real-life crimes of Gilles de Rais.^[4]

The first appearance of the word ogre in Perrault's work occurred in his Histoires ou Contes du temps Passé (1697). It later appeared in several of his other fairy tales, many of which were based on the Neapolitan tales of Basile. The first example of a female ogre being referred to as an ogress is found in his version of Sleeping Beauty, where it is spelled ogresse. The Comtesse d' Aulnoy first employed the word ogre in her story L'Orangier et l' Abeille (1698), and was the first to use the word ogree to refer to the creature's offspring.

See also[link]

Look up ogre in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ogre

References[link]

• Rose, Carol. Giants, Monsters, & Dragons: An Encyclopedia of Folklore, Legend, and Myth. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. ISBN 0-393-32211-4
• Shippey, Tom. The Road to Middle-earth. London: HarperCollins, 1992 (rev.). ISBN 0-261-10275-3
• South, Malcom, ed. Mythical and Fabulous Creatures: A Source Book and Research Guide. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1987. Reprint, New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1988. ISBN 0-87226-208-1
• "Ogre." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 15 May 2006, search.eb.com

Notes[link]

1. ↑ Dictionnaire de l'Académie française, (1932-1935)
2. ↑ Vocabolario Degli Accademici Della Crusca
3. ↑ "Beowulf". Humanities.mcmaster.ca. http://www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/~beowulf/main.html. Retrieved 2012-03-28. 
4. ↑ heresie.com

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (September 2008)

For Douglas Scott, the Glasgow-based climbing partner of W. H. Murray in the period 1935-1955, see that article

Douglas Keith Scott CBE, known as Doug Scott (born 29 May 1941), is an English mountaineer noted for the first ascent of the south-west face of Mount Everest on 24 September 1975. Scott and Dougal Haston were the first Britons to climb Everest during this expedition.^[1] In receiving one of mountaineering's highest honours, the Lifetime Achievement Piolet d'Or, his personal style and climbs were described as "visionary".^[2]

Childhood[link]

Scott was born in Nottingham, England and started climbing at the age of 12, his interest sparked by a school trip to the White Hall outdoor activities centre near Buxton.

Mountaineering[link]

Scott's mountaineering career includes over 30 expeditions to inner Asia and he is regarded as one of the world's leading high altitude and big wall climbers. He is best known for his first ascent of the south-west face of Everest with Dougal Haston in an expedition led by Chris Bonington. All of his other climbs have been in the lightweight alpine style.

Highlights of Scott's climbing career include

• 1975: South-west face of Everest with Dougal Haston, bivouac on the south summit at 8760 m.
• 1977: Baintha Brakk, more commonly known as The Ogre (in Pakistan), and descent with both legs broken at the ankle.
• 1978: Attempt of the west side of K2.
• 1979: North ridge of Kangchenjunga (8586 m).
• 1979: Ascent of the north side of Nuptse with Georges Bettembourg, Brian Hall and Alan Rouse.

Scott has climbed the Seven Summits, the highest peak on each of all seven continents. He is a past President of the Alpine Club and was made a CBE in 1994. In 1999 he was awarded the Patron’s Medal of the Royal Geographical Society. He was presented with the Golden Eagle Award by the Outdoor Writers and Photographers Guild in 2005 and received the Lifetime Contribution Award at the 2011 Piolet d'Or awards in Chamonix. He was awarded an honorary MA by the University of Nottingham in 1991.

Charity work in Nepal[link]

During Scott's climbing career, his understanding of the culture and the people in the regions where he climbed grew as he formed strong bonds and relationships. Scott founded the charity Community Action Nepal and spends much of his time fundraising for this cause, especially from giving public lectures. Scott is also an advocate of Responsible Tourism. Scott set up his own trekking agency in 1989, and pays the porters and other staff double the going rate, with improved working conditions, porters' loads being reduced and clothing purchased to combat the cold and rain.

Books[link]

• Doug Scott, Himalayan Climber: A Lifetime's Quest to the World's Greater Ranges, ISBN 1-898573-16-6
• Doug Scott, Big Wall Climbing, ISBN 0-7182-0967-2.
• Doug Scott and Alex Macintyre, The Shishapangma Expedition, ISBN 0-89886-723-1.
• Doug Scott, Mountaineer (1992)

References[link]

1. ↑ Douglas Keith Scott. The Alpinist, Issue 2, 29, 1 March 2003
2. ↑ Piolet d'Or [1]

External links[link]

• Everest history
• Short biography
• Photos by Doug Scott
• Community Action Nepal
• Doug Scott's lectures
• Scott's climbing CV
• Community Action Treks
• Alpinist Magazine, Issue:2,Faces
• ClimbAndMore.com Climbers

Owen John "Terry" Scott (4 May 1927 - 26 July 1994) was an English actor and comedian who appeared in seven Carry On films. He also appeared in BBC1's popular domestic sitcom Terry and June with June Whitfield. As a regular comedy performer, he went on to become one of Britain's top stars.

Scott was born and raised in Watford^[1] and educated at Watford Field Junior School and Watford Grammar School for Boys. He was the youngest of his parents three children, and the only surviving son after his brother Aubrey died when Scott was six.^[1] He studied accounting and served in the Navy during World War II. With Bill Maynard he appeared at Butlin's Holiday Camp in Skegness and partnered him in the TV series Great Scott, It's Maynard!. During the early 1960s, he became well known to television audiences for his role alongside Hugh Lloyd in Hugh and I. Scott later appeared with Lloyd as gnomes in the 1969 sitcom The Gnomes of Dulwich.

Scott is best remembered for starring alongside June Whitfield in several series of the comedy Happy Ever After and its successor, Terry and June. They also starred together in the film version of Bless This House.

Scott had played a small role in the very first of the Carry On series of films, Carry On Sergeant in 1958. In 1968 he returned to the series with a role in Carry On Up the Khyber (1968), playing main roles in six of the films.

In the 1970s, he had a memorable role in TV commercials for a chocolate coated caramel bar called Curly Wurly, in which he appeared dressed as a schoolboy, complete with short trousers and cap.

Scott's novelty record "My Brother" (written by Mitch Murray, released 1962 on PYE) was based on this schoolboy character (he dressed in the uniform to sing it on TV) and received regular airplay on BBC Radio (in particular Ed 'Stewpot' Stewart's Saturday and Sunday morning programme Junior Choice which was simultaneous broadcast on BBC Radio 1 and 2) for many years. Despite this, it failed to enter the charts. In the 1980s, Scott was the voice of Penfold the hamster in the animated series Danger Mouse.

Scott married dancer Margaret Pollen in 1957 and they had four daughters: Sarah, Nicola, Lindsay and Sally.^[1]

Scott suffered from ill health for many years. In 1979, he had a life-saving operation after a haemorrhage. He also suffered from creeping paralysis and had to wear a neck brace, even on television. When Terry and June was axed in 1987, Scott suffered a nervous breakdown. The attack was in part brought on by his public confession that he had had a series of affairs during his marriage to Pollen.

Scott was also diagnosed with cancer in 1987. He died from the cancer he had for 7 years at the family home in Witley near Godalming in Surrey, on 26 July 1994, aged 67.^[2]

Characteristically he said of his last illness: "I know it would be better to give up the booze, fags and birds, but life would be so boring wouldn't it."

Selected films[link]

• Blue Murder at St Trinian's (1957)
• Carry On Sergeant (1958)
• The Bridal Path (1959)
• I'm All Right Jack (1959)
• And the Same to You (1960)
• Nearly a Nasty Accident (1961)
• The Night We Got the Bird (1961)
• What a Whopper (1961)
• Nothing Barred (1961)
• Mary Had a Little... (1961)
• Father Came Too! (1963)
• Murder Most Foul (1964)
• Gonks Go Beat (1965)
• Doctor in Clover (1966)
• The Great St Trinian's Train Robbery (1966)
• Carry On... Up the Khyber (1968)
• Carry On Camping (1969)
• Carry On Loving (1970)
• Carry On Henry (1970)
• Carry On Up the Jungle (1970)

Carry On Matron is the twenty-third Carry On film. It was released in 1972

References[link]

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2} The Unforgettable, ITV1, 22 September 2010
2. ↑ Independent obituary

External links[link]

• Terry Scott at the Internet Movie Database

See also the general term Gazette.

The Gazette is a title of several newspapers and magazines, including:

English-language newspapers[link]

• London Gazette, the official publication of the government of the United Kingdom
• Belfast Gazette, official publication of the United Kingdom for northern Ireland
• Edinburgh Gazette, official publication of the United Kingdom for Scotland
• The Gazette (Montreal), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
• The Gazette (Chicago), Chicago, Illinois, United States
• The Gazette (Colorado Springs), Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States
• The Gazette (Cedar Rapids), Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States
• The Gazette (Maryland), the common name of a group of community newspapers in the state of Maryland, United States
• The Gazette (Newfoundland), the official newspaper of Memorial University of Newfoundland, located in St. John's, Newfoundland
• The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
• The Gazette (Virginia), Galax, Virginia, United States.
• The Charleston Gazette, Charleston, West Virginia, United States
• The Eastbourne Gazette, Eastbourne, England, United Kingdom
• The Hardwick Gazette, Hardwick, Vermont, United States
• The Texarkana Gazette, Texarkana, United States
• The Pennsylvania Gazette, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, published by Benjamin Franklin in the 18th century
• The New Zealand Gazette, the official publication of the New Zealand Government
• St. Joseph Gazette, St. Joseph, Missouri
• The Gazette, a weekly newspaper for the Library of Congress library staff

Student newspapers[link]

• The Dalhousie Gazette, a student newspaper for Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Canada
• UWO Gazette, a daily student newspaper for the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario, Canada

French-language newspapers[link]

• La Gazette, a weekly magazine published in France from 1631 to 1915
• La Gazette de Berlin, newspaper for the French-speaking community in Germany

Music[link]

• The Gazette (band), a Japanese rock band

See also[link]

• The News-Gazette (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.