Dalarna
Flag
Country	Sweden
Land	Svealand
Counties	Dalarna County Gävleborg County Jämtland County Värmland County
Area
• Total	29,086 km2 (11,230 sq mi)
Population (2009)[1]
• Total	276,505
• Density	9.5/km2 (25/sq mi)
Ethnicity
• Language	Dalecarlian
Culture
• Flower	Harebell
• Animal	Eagle Owl
• Bird	—
• Fish	Minnow
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal codes

There is also Norwegian region called Dalane.

 Dalarna (help·info), English exonym: Dalecarlia,^[2] is a historical province or landskap in central Sweden. Another English language form established in literature is the Dales.^[3] Places involving the element Dalecarlia exist in the United States.

Dalarna adjoins Härjedalen, Hälsingland, Gästrikland, Västmanland and Värmland. It is also bounded by Norway in the west.

The word "Dalarna" means "the dales" (valleys). The area is a popular vacation destination for Swedes from the south, who often travel there to relax during summer vacations, drawn by good fishing lakes, beautiful campgrounds, and deep forests. Many such Swedes own or rent a second residence in Dalarna, where they are likely to have a vegetable garden and apple trees. In mid-June, summerfest celebrations and dances are held in many of the small villages and, of course, in the larger cities. Dalarna is a region full of historical associations, possessing strong local characteristics in respect of its products, and especially of its people. In the western districts of Älvdalen and Lima some people in villages speak a traditional dialect, the Dalecarlian language. Historically, the people of Dalecarlia - called Dalecarlians, or Dalesmen (dalkarlar, dalmasar) and Daleswomen (dalkullor) - are famous for their love of independence.^[4]

Administration[link]

The provinces of Sweden serve no administrative or political purposes, but function as historical and cultural entities. In the case of Dalarna a corresponding administrative Dalarna County has almost, but not exactly, the same boundaries as the province, except for a part of the north-east (Hamra parish, also known as Orsa Finnmark) which forms part of Ljusdal Municipality, Gävleborg County.

Heraldry[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Dalarna's coat of arms dates from 1560; the use of two crossed arrows as a symbol precedes this. The province is also a duchy and the arms include a ducal coronet. Blazon: "Azure, two Dalecarlian Arrows Or in saltire point upwards pointed Argent and in chief a Crown of the first". As early as 1525 the arrows appeared in use on a seal. Dalarna County uses the same coat of arms, granted for the then Kopparberg County in 1936.

Geography[link]

Lake Siljan features in the middle part of Dalarna, and the Västerdal River and Österdal River join the Dal River.

The northern part of the province lies within the Scandinavian mountain range: mountainous country with many glacier-created lakes. The southern part consists of plains, with several mines, most notably copper, traditionally forming part of Bergslagen.

Highest point is Storvätteshågna, 1,204 meters above sea-level. Lowest point is at 55 meters, in the south-east part.

Cities[link]

Dalarna was historically divided into chartered cities and districts:

• Avesta (1641 - 1686, renewed 1919)
• Borlänge (1944, as Borlængio By 1390)
• Falun (1641)
• Hedemora (approximately 1400)
• Ludvika (1919)
• Säter (1642)

The cities are since 1971 seats of their respective municipalities.

Other towns[link]

• Vansbro
• Leksand
• Mora
• Orsa
• Älvdalen
• Rättvik
• Tällberg
• Malung
• Sälen
• Idre

National parks[link]

• Färnebofjärden
• Fulufjället
• Hamra
• Töfsingdalen

Lake Runn (Runnsjön) close to Torsång (Borlänge)

History[link]

The province of Dalarna formed part of Svealand before the formation of Sweden in the 11th century.

Three historically notorious rebellions started in the Dalarna province:

• In 1434, led by Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, the miners rose against the oppression of the officers of Eric of Pomerania.
• In 1519–1523 Gustav Vasa found his first and staunchest supporters among the miners in his revolt against the Kalmar Union under King Christian II.^[4]
• In 1524-1533 The Dalecarlians and local nobles rebel against Gustav's increasingly autocratic rule and reformist religious policies; three uprisings are brutally suppressed. Some of the leaders are executed as alleged collaborators of King Christian during the liberation war.
• In 1743, the Dalecarlian Rebellion against the Hats, which was the last major peasants' uprising in Sweden.

A giant Dala horse in central Avesta.

Culture[link]

A Daleswoman from Leksand in traditional folk dress, 1911.

Historically, Dalarna has enjoyed a rich and unique folk culture, with distinct music, paintings (often centered on Biblical themes) and handicrafts^{[citation needed]}. The province preserved longer than any other the use of the Runic alphabet, a local dialect of which, the so called Dalecarlian runes or Dalrunes, survived into the 19th century.^[5]

A famous symbol of the province is the Dalecarlian horse, in Swedish Dalahäst, a painted and decorated wooden horse. Sulky racing is popular in the region. The high level of calcium in the soil favours horse breeding.

Vasaloppet, a cross-country skiing race (the world's longest) of 90 km, takes place annually, on the first Sunday of March, between Sälen and Mora. It commemorates the ski-borne escape of Gustav Ericson, who would later become King Gustav I of Sweden, from Danish troops in 1520.

UNESCO has named the mining area of the Stora Kopparberg ("Great Copper Mountain") in Falun a World heritage site.

Notable natives[link]

• Lars "Kuprik" Bäckman, chef
• Jussi Björling, opera singer
• Kristian Matsson, folk musician
• Cryonic Temple, heavy metal band
• Björn Dixgård, musician
• Johan Erik Forsström, naturalist
• Lars Frölander, swimmer
• Hypocrisy (band), death metal band
• Emil Janel, Swedish-American artist
• Anders Kallur, ice hockey player
• Jenny Kallur, sprinter
• Sanna Kallur, sprinter
• Nils Karlsson ("Mora-Nisse"), skier
• Patrick Johansson, musician
• Carl Larsson, image artist
• Gustaf de Laval, inventor-engineer
• Niklas Lidström, ice hockey player
• Kalle Moraeus, musician
• Gunnar Myrdal, economist-politician
• Gustaf Norén, musician
• Charlie Norman, pianist
• Karin Park, pop star
• Birgit Ridderstedt, folk singer
• Sabaton (band), power metal band
• Scar Symmetry, death metal band
• Björn Skifs, entertainer
• Gunde Svan, skier
• Anders Zorn, image artist painter
• The Tallest Man on Earth, musician and songwriter, real name is Kristian Matsson

Dukes[link]

Since 1772, Swedish Kings have designated princes as dukes of various provinces, a nominal title.

• Prince August (1831-1873)
• Prince Carl Johan (from his birth in 1916 until his loss of succession rights in 1947)

Districts[link]

The Swedish provinces were subdivided into the Hundreds of Sweden, in effect until early 20th century.

In some provinces the sub-dividing was through districts. Dalarna had only one chartered hundred – the others were court districts.

Sports[link]

Football in the province is administered by Dalarnas Fotbollförbund.

References[link]

1. ^ Statistics Sweden
2. ^ Eric Linklater in The Life of Charles XII pp. 53-54 & throughout
3. ^ Robert Nisbet Bain in Gustavus III and His Contemporaries, Volume Two London 1894 & New York 1970 pp. 33-35 & throughout
4. ^ ^{a b} Volume V07, Page 764 of the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica. (online link)
5. ^ http://www.nordiska.uu.se/arkiv/konferenser/alvdalska/Sapir.pdf

• (Swedish) article Dalarna from Nordisk familjebok. In Swedish.
•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

External links[link]

• Dalarna - Tourist site
• Pictures from Dalarna

Media related to Dalarna at Wikimedia Commons

v t e Provinces (landskap) of Sweden Ångermanland Blekinge Bohuslän Dalarna Dalsland Gästrikland Gotland Halland Hälsingland Härjedalen Jämtland Lappland Medelpad Närke Norrbotten Öland Östergötland Scania (Skåne) Småland Södermanland Uppland Värmland Västerbotten Västergötland Västmanland

Coordinates: 60°52′N 14°44′E / 60.867°N 14.733°E / 60.867; 14.733

Tommy Flanagan
Jazz pianist Tommy Flanagan at the Village Jazz Lounge in Walt Disney World
Background information
Birth name	Thomas Lee Flanagan
Born	(1930-03-16)March 16, 1930
Origin	Detroit, Michigan, USA
Died	November 16, 2001(2001-11-16) (aged 71) New York City, New York
Genres	Bop Hard bop Mainstream jazz
Occupations	Pianist
Instruments	Piano
Associated acts	Ella Fitzgerald John Coltrane Kenny Dorham Quartet

Thomas Lee Flanagan (16 March 1930 – 16 November 2001, New York City) was an American jazz pianist born in Detroit, Michigan,^[1] particularly remembered for his work with Ella Fitzgerald.^[1] Flanagan played on a number of critically acclaimed recordings, such as John Coltrane's Giant Steps,^[1] Sonny Rollins' Saxophone Colossus,^[1] The Incredible Jazz Guitar of Wes Montgomery, and Art Pepper's Straight Life.

Biography[link]

As a small boy he received a clarinet as a gift for Christmas but could only think about one instrument, the piano. According to Flanagan "we always had a piano in our house" and he began playing it at the age of five.

The Tommy Flanagan Trio (with bassist Wilbur Little and drummer Elvin Jones) released their first album, Tommy Flanagan Trio Overseas, in 1957. As an accompanist, Flanagan worked with Ella Fitzgerald from 1963 to 1965 and 1968 to 1978. Beginning in 1975, Flanagan began once again to perform and record as a leader. He continued to work with other players, however, forming a trio with Tal Farlow and Red Mitchell, among other projects.

Flanagan's style was both modest and exceptionally musical. He embodied many of the most important qualities associated with jazz: swing, harmonic sophistication, melodic invention, bluesy feel and humour. Interestingly, he appeared on a number of highly innovative albums. (His awkward solo on the fast and harmonically complex title-track of Giant Steps is a rare [if famous] instance on record of the usually unflappable pianist being caught off-guard.)^[2]

Tommy Flanagan is mentioned by Japanese Author Haruki Murakami in the short story, Chance Traveller, in which he describes his experiences at a Tommy Flanagan performance.

During his career, Flanagan was nominated for four Grammy Awards — two for Best Jazz Performance (Group) and two for Best Jazz Performance (Soloist).

He died on 16 November 2001, of an arterial aneurysm.^[1]

Discography[link]

As leader[link]

• Overseas (1957; Prestige)
• The Cats (1959; New Jazz)
• Moodsville 9 (1960; Prestige)
• The Tokyo Recital (1975; Pablo Records)
• Trinity (1975; Inner City Records)
• Eclypso (1977; Enja Records)
• Plays the Music of Harold Arlen (1978; Inner City Records)
• Ballads and Blues (1978; Enja Records)
• Our Delights (1978; Galaxy Records) Duo with Hank Jones
• Super Session (1980; Enja Records)
• The Magnificent (1981; Progressive Records)
• Giant Steps (1982; Enja Records) Trio with George Mraz and Al Foster
• Thelonica (1982; Enja Records)
• Alone too Long (1984; Denon Records)
• Jazz Poet (1989; Timeless Records)
• Beyond the Bluebird (1990; Timeless Records)
• Flanagan's Shenanigans (1993; Storyville Records)
• Let's (1993; Enja Records)
• Lady Be Good for Ella (1993; Groovin' High Records)
• Sunset and the Mockingbird (1997; Blue Note Records)
• Sea Changes (1997; Evidence Records)

As sideman[link]

• Jazzmen of Detroit with Kenny Burrell, Pepper Adams, Paul Chambers, Kenny Clarke (1956; Savoy Records)
• Detroit-New York Junction by Thad Jones (1956; Blue Note Records)
• Introducing Kenny Burrell by Kenny Burrell (1956; Blue Note Records)
• Collectors' Items by Miles Davis (1956; Prestige Records)
• The Magnificent Thad Jones by Thad Jones (1956; Blue Note Records)
• Saxophone Colossus by Sonny Rollins (1956; Prestige Records)
• Paul Chambers Quintet by Paul Chambers (1957; Blue Note)
• Bags & Flutes by Milt Jackson (Atlantic, 1957)
• Here Comes Louis Smith by Louis Smith (1958; Blue Note)
• Bean Bags by Milt Jackson and Coleman Hawkins (Atlantic, 1958)
• Kenny Burrell and John Coltrane by John Coltrane (1958; Original Jazz Classic)
• The Swingin'est by Bennie Green and Gene Ammons (1958; Vee-Jay)
• Bags' Opus by Milt Jackson (United Artists, 1958)
• BLUES ette by Curtis Fuller (1959; Savoy)
• Motor City Scene by Thad Jones (1959; United Artists)
• The Incredible Jazz Guitar of Wes Montgomery by Wes Montgomery (1960; Riverside)
• Swingin' with Pee Wee by Pee Wee Russell (1960; Prestige Records)
• Booker Little by Booker Little (Time, 1960)
• Giant Steps by John Coltrane (1960; Atlantic Records)
• The Book Cooks by Booker Ervin (1960; Bethlehem)
• Night Hawk by Coleman Hawkins (1960; Prestige Records)
• Smooth as the Wind by Blue Mitchell (1961; Riverside)
• ZT's Blues by Stanley Turrentine (1961; Blue Note)
• Vibrations by Milt Jackson (Atlantic, 1960–61)
• Jeru by Gerry Mulligan (1962; Columbia)
• Invitation by Milt Jackson (Riverside, 1962)
• Statements Milt Jackson (1962; Impulse!)
• Desafinado by Coleman Hawkins (1962; Impulse!)
• Today and Now by Coleman Hawkins (1962; Impulse!)
• Who is Gary Burton? by Gary Burton (RCA, 1962)
• The Song Book by Booker Ervin (Prestige, 1964)
• Jazz 'n' Samba by Milt Jackson (Impulse!, 1964)
• The Dizzy Gillespie Big 7 by Dizzy Gillespie (Pablo, 1975)
• Carter, Gillespie Inc. by Benny Carter and Dizzy Gillespie]] (Pablo, 1976)
• Opening Remarks by Ted Dunbar (1978; Xanadu Records)
• Straight Life by Art Pepper (1979; Galaxy)
• Heart to Heart by Elvin Jones (Denon, 1980)
• Chromatic Palette by Tal Farlow (1981; Concord)
• A Little Pleasure duet with J.R. Monterose (1981; Reservoir)

with Ella Fitzgerald

• Ella at Juan-Les-Pins (1964, Live, Verve)
• Ella in Hamburg (1965, Live, Verve)
• Sunshine of Your Love (1969, Live, Verve)
• Ella in Budapest, Hungary (1970, Live, Pablo)
• Ella à Nice (1971, Live, Pablo)
• Jazz at Santa Monica Civic '72 (1972, Live, Pablo)
• Ella Loves Cole (1972, Pablo)
• Newport Jazz Festival: Live at Carnegie Hall (1973, Live, Pablo)
• Ella in London (1974, Live, Pablo)
• Fine and Mellow (1974, Pablo)
• Montreux '75 (1975, Live, Pablo)
• Montreux '77 (1977, Live, Pablo)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Tommy Flanagan biography on Allmusic
• Tommy Flanagan biography at BH Hopper Management
• Tommy Flanagan entry at the Jazz Discography Project
• Tommy Flanagan biography at All About Jazz
• Tommy Flanagan entry at jazz.com Encyclopedia of Jazz Musicians