Coordinates | 39°46′5.88″N86°9′29.52″N |
---|---|
Name | Saint Vincent of Saragossa |
Birth date | 3rd century |
Death date | c. 304 |
Feast day | 22 January |
Venerated in | Roman Catholic ChurchAnglican CommunionEastern Orthodox Churches |
Birth place | Osca, Hispania Tarraconensis (Huesca, Aragon, Spain) |
Death place | Valentia, Hispania Tarraconensis (Valencia, Spain) |
Titles | Martyr |
Canonized date | Pre-Congregation |
Attributes | Usually pontifical, episcopal, etc. insignia, tools of martyrdom and so forth |
Patronage | São Vicente, Lisbon; Vicenza, Italy, vinegar-makers, wine-makers. |
Issues | }} |
Vincent served as the deacon of Valerius of Saragossa, the citys bishop. Imprisoned in Valencia for his faith, and tortured on a gridiron — a story perhaps adapted from the martyrdom of another son of Huesca, Saint Lawrence— Vincent, like many early martyrs in the early hagiographic literature, succeeded in converting his jailer. Though he was finally offered release if he would consign Scripture to the fire, Vincent refused.
The earliest account of Vincent's martyrdom is in a carmen (lyric poem) written by the poet Prudentius, who wrote a series of lyric poems, Peristephanon ("Crowns of Martyrdom"), on Hispanic and Roman martyrs. Prudentius describes how Vincent was brought to trial along with his bishop Valerius, and that since Valerius had a speech impediment, Vincent spoke for both, but that his outspoken fearless manner so angered the governor that Vincent was tortured and martyred, though his aged bishop was only exiled.
According to legend, after being martyred, ravens protected St. Vincent's body from being devoured by vultures, until his followers could recover the body. His body was taken to what is now known as Cape St. Vincent; a shrine was erected over his grave, which continued to be guarded by flocks of ravens. In the time of Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula, the Arab geographer Al-Idrisi noted this contant guard by ravens, for which the place was named by him كنيسة الغراب "Kanīsah al-Ghurāb" (Church of the Raven). King Afonso Henriques (1139–1185) had the body of the saint exhumed in 1173 and brought it by ship to the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora in Lisbon. This transfer of the relics is depicted on the coat of arms of Lisbon.
Though Vincent's tomb in Valencia became the earliest center of his cult, he was also honoured at his birthplace and his reputation spread from Saragossa. The city of Oviedo in Asturias grew about the church dedicated to Vincent. Beyond the Pyrenees, he was venerated first in the vicinity of Béziers, and at Narbonne. Castres became an important stop on the international pilgrimage routes to Santiago de Compostela when the relics of Vincent were transferred to its new abbey-church dedicated to Saint Benedict from Saragossa in 863, under the patronage of Salomon, count of Cerdanya.
When the Catholic bishops of Visigothic Iberia succeeded in converting King Reccared and his nobles to Trinitarian Christianity they built the cathedral of Córdoba in honour of Vincent. When the Moors came, in 711, the church was razed and its materials incorporated in the Mezquita, the "Great Mosque" of Cordoba.
The Cape Verde island of São Vicente, a former Portuguese colony, was named in his honour. St Vincent in the Caribbean was named by Columbus, since it was “discovered” on 22 January, the feast day of the patron saint of Portugal, Vincent of Saragossa.
The 15th century Portuguese artist Nuno Gonçalves depicted him in his Saint Vincent Panels.
Vincent is also the patron of vintners and vinegar-makers.
In Valencia, Spain, there is a long road called Calle San Vicente Mártir, or in English, Saint Vincent the Martyr Street named after the aforementioned saint.
There is also a small town on Madeira Island named after this saint, São Vicente.
Category:3rd-century births Category:304 deaths Category:Christian martyrs of the Roman era Category:Spanish saints Category:Spanish Roman Catholic saints Category:3rd-century Christian saints Category:Saints of the Golden Legend Category:4th-century Christian martyr saints Category:4th-century Romans Category:Anglican saints
ca:Vicenç d'Osca ceb:Vicente sa Zaragoza da:Sankt Vincent de:Vinzenz von Valencia es:Vicente de Zaragoza fr:Vincent de Saragosse hr:Vinko iz Zaragoze it:Vincenzo di Saragozza la:Vincentius Caesaraugustanus hu:Zaragozai Szent Vince nl:Vincentius van Zaragoza ja:サラゴサのヴィセンテ pl:Wincenty z Saragossy pt:Vicente de Saragoça ro:Vicențiu ru:Викентий Сарагосский sc:Pizente sh:Vincent iz Zaragoze sv:Vincent av Zaragoza uk:Святий Вінкентій vec:San Vincenso da SaragosaThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Coordinates | 39°46′5.88″N86°9′29.52″N |
---|---|
Name | Zaragoza |
Total type | |
Motto | |
Flag size | 150px |
Image shield | Coat of Arms of Saragossa.svg |
Shield size | 110px |
Dot x | |dot_y |
Pushpin map | Spain |
Pushpin map caption | Location of Zaragoza within Spain |
Pushpin mapsize | 300 |
Coordinates region | ES |
Subdivision type | Country |
Subdivision name | Spain |
Subdivision type1 | Autonomous community |
Subdivision name1 | Aragón |
Subdivision type2 | Province |
Subdivision name2 | Zaragoza |
Subdivision type3 | Comarca |
Subdivision name3 | Zaragoza |
Parts type | Districts |
Parts style | para |
P1 | Actur |
P2 | Casco Antinguo |
P3 | Centro |
P4 | Delicias |
P5 | Universidad |
P6 | San José |
P7 | Las Fuentes |
P8 | La Almozara |
P9 | Oliver-Valdefierro |
P10 | Torrero-La Paz |
P11 | Margen Izquierda |
P12 | Barrios Rurales Norte |
P13 | Barrios Rurales Oeste |
Government type | Mayor-council |
Governing body | Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza |
Leader party | PSOE |
Leader title | Mayor |
Leader name | Juan Alberto Belloch |
Established title | |
Established date | |
Unit pref | |
Area total km2 | 1062.64 |
Area land km2 | |
Area water percent | |
Elevation footnotes | |
Elevation m | 199 |
Population as of | 1 January 2010 |
Population total | 701,090 |
Population density km2 | auto |
Population demonym | zaragozano (m), zaragozana (f) |
Timezone1 | CET (GMT +1) |
Timezone1 dst | CEST (GMT +2) |
Coordinates display | inline,title |
Postal code type | Postcode |
Postal code | 50001 - 50018 |
Website | http://www.zaragoza.es/ |
Blank name sec1 | ISO 3166-2 |
Blank info sec1 | ES-Z |
Footnotes | }} |
Zaragoza (), also called Saragossa in English, is the capital city of the Zaragoza Province and of the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. It is situated on the Ebro river and its tributaries, the Huerva and Gállego, near the centre of the region, in a valley with a variety of landscapes, ranging from desert (Los Monegros) to thick forest, meadows and mountains.
On 1 September 2010 the population of the city of Zaragoza was 701,090, ranking fifth in Spain. The population of the metropolitan area was estimated in 2006 at 783,763 inhabitants. The municipality is home to more than 50 percent of the Aragonese population. The city lies at an altitude of 199 metres.
Zaragoza hosted Expo 2008 in the summer of 2008, a World's fair on water and sustainable development. It was also candidate for the European Capital of Culture in 2016. In addition, Zaragoza wants to be a candidate city for the Winter Olympic Games 2022, a project similar to Torino 2006 and Vancouver 2010. Ice and snow sports in Zaragoza, are popular in the nearby Pyrenees, where many of Spain's best ski resorts are located.
The city is famous for its folklore, a renowned local gastronomy, and landmarks such as the Basílica del Pilar, La Seo Cathedral and the The Aljafería Palace. Together with La Seo and the Aljaferia, several other buildings form part of the Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Fiestas del Pilar are among the most celebrated festivals in Spain.
Zaragoza suffered two famous sieges during the Peninsular War against the Napoleonic army: a first from June to August 1808; and a second from December 1808 to February 1809 (see Agustina de Aragón, Siege of Saragossa (1809)), surrendering only after some 50,000 defenders had died.
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In winter the temperatures are low (usually 0 to 10 °C) either because of the fog (about 20 days from November to January) or a cold and dry wind blowing from the NW, the Cierzo (related to other northerly winds such as the Mistral in the SE of France) on clear days. Frost is common and there is sporadic snowfall.
The city's economy benefited from projects like the Expo 2008 (the official World's Fair, with the theme of water and sustainable development, held between 14 June and 14 September 2008), Plataforma Logística de Zaragoza (PLAZA), Parque Tecnológico de Reciclado (PTR), as well as being on the route of the AVE high-speed rail route since December 2003, which consolidates the city role as a communications hub. Currently, Zaragoza's Airport is a major cargo hub in the Iberian Peninsula, only behind Madrid, Barcelona and Lisbon.
Zaragoza is home to a Spanish Air Force base, which was (until 1994) shared with the U.S. Air Force. In English, the base was known as Zaragoza Air Base. The Spanish Air Force maintained an F/A-18 Hornet wing at the base. No American flying wings (with the exception of a few KC-135's) were permanently based there, but it served as a training base for American fighter squadrons across Europe. It is also the main headquarters for the Spanish Land Army, hosting the Academia General Militar, a number of brigades at San Gregorio, and other garrisons.
The event, called "Las Fiestas del Pilar", is celebrated on 12 October, which is a major festival day in Zaragoza. Since it coincided in 1492 with the discovery of the Americas by Christopher Columbus, that day is also celebrated as El Día de la Hispanidad (Columbus Day, literally Hispanic Day) by Spanish-speaking people worldwide.
"El Pilar" lasts for nine days, with all kinds of acts: from the massively attended Pregon (opening speech) to the final fireworks display over the Ebro, there are bands, dances, procession of gigantes y cabezudos (carnival figures made of papier mache), concerts, exhibitions, the famous "vaquillas" bulls and the bull festival. Some of the most important features are the Ofrenda de Flores (Flower offering) to the virgin on the 12th, when an enormous cloak is made of the flowers
The University of Zaragoza is headquartered in the city. As one of the oldest universities of Spain and a major research and development center, this public university awards all the highest academic degrees in dozens of fields. Zaragoza also is home to the MIT-Zaragoza International Logistics Program, a unique partnership between MIT, the Government of Aragaon and the University of Zaragoza.
There is also a private university, Universidad San Jorge, which is located in Villanueva de Gállego, 14 km to the north.
The Zaragoza Airport is a small commercial airport. It also is the home of the Spanish Air Force 15th Group, as well as was used by NASA as a contingency landing site for the Space Shuttle in the case of a Transoceanic Abort Landing (TAL).
Zaragoza is also connected to the Spanish High Speed railway (Renfe's AVE), by the Madrid-Barcelona high-speed rail line. Madrid is reachable in 1 hour 15 minutes, and Barcelona in approximately 1 hour 30 minutes. The central station is "Intermodal Zaragoza Delicias Station" where they operate railway lines and buses. In addition to long distance railway lines or high speed railway, Zaragoza has a network of commuter trains (Renfe's cercanías).
The city has a network of buses which is controlled by TUZSA (Urban Transport Company of Zaragoza). The network consists of 31 regular lines (2 of them circle lines), 2 line-up, 6 launchers (1 free), and 7 free lines at night in Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays.
There is also an interurban bus network operated by CTAZ (Transport Consortium Zaragoza Area) with 17 regular lines.
The first line of the Zaragoza tram (Valdespartera-Parque Goya) is fully operational along the first phase from Valdespartera to Plaza Paraíso. The second phase (Plaza Paraíso-Parque Goya) started to be constructed on the 19th July 2011 and the works are scheduled to be finished in 18 months, followed by a 3-month trials period.
Around the city, you can also use a bicycle a lot because there are bicycle roads all throughout the city. This allows you to move faster without disturbing pedestrians and be safer without circulating with cars. Moreover, this is very good to keep fit and to reduce pollution. Furthermore, the city council has a bicycle service for citizens. Paying a small amount of money per year, you can take bikes in a bicycle depot in the street and ride to another part of the city. When you arrive at your destination you can leave the bike in another bicycle depot. Although it has some disadvantages, by using these bikes, you can make sure your own bike is not stolen if you leave it in the streets.
Zaragoza's handball team, CAI BM Aragón, plays in the Liga ASOBAL.
Their local basketball team, CAI ZARAGOZA, is now on the ACB league. They play at the Príncipe Felipe with a capacity of 11,000 and their head coach is José Luis Abós.
Zaragoza was strongly associated with Jaca in its failed bid for the 2014 Winter Olympics.
A permanent feature built for Expo 2008 is the pump-powered artificial whitewater course "El Canal de Aguas Bravas."
Zaragoza has a lot of facilities to practice sports, you can swim, play soccer, basketball, tennis, etc. for a low price. You can also enjoy other outside sports such as cycling because there a lot of bicycle routes by the river.
Near the basilica on the banks of the Ebro are located the city hall, the Lonja (old currency exchange), La Seo (literally "the See" in the Aragonese language) or Cathedral of San Salvador, a magnificent church built over the main mosque (partially preserved in the 11th-century north wall of the Parroquieta), with Romanesque apses from 12th century; inside, the imposing hallenkirche from the 15th to 16th centuries, the Baroque tower, and finally, with its famous Museum of Tapestries near the Roman ruins of forum and port city wall.
Some distance from the centre of the old city is the Moorish castle (or palace) Aljafería, the most important Moorish buildings in northern Spain and the setting for Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il trovatore (The Troubadour). The Aragonese parliament currently sits in the building.
The churches of San Pablo, Santa María Magdalena and San Gil Abad were built in 14th century, but the towers may be old minarets dating from the 11th century; San Miguel (14th century); Santiago (San Ildefonso) and the Fecetas monastery are Baroque with Mudéjar ceilings of the 17th century. All the churches are Mudéjar monuments that comprise a World Heritage Site.
Other important sights are the stately houses and magnificent palaces in the city, mainly of the 16th century: palaces of the count of Morata or Luna (Audiencia), Deán, Torrero (colegio de Arquitectos), Don Lope or Real Maestranza, count of Sástago, count of Argillo (today the Pablo Gargallo museum), archbishop, etc.
The most important Zaragoza museums are the Museum of Fine Arts, with paintings by early Aragonese artists, 15th century, and by El Greco, Ribera and Goya, and the Camón Aznar Museum, with paintings ranging from Rubens, Rembrandt, Van Dyck, Velazquez and Goya to Renoir, Manet and Sorolla.
On 14 June 2008, the site of Expo 2008 opened its doors to the public. The exhibition ran until 14 September.
The following are Sister cities of Zaragoza: Pau, France Skopje, Macedonia Biarritz, France Móstoles, Spain Bethlehem, Palestinian Authority León, Nicaragua La Plata, Argentina Zaragoza, Guatemala Tijuana, Mexico Ponce, Puerto Rico Coimbra, Portugal Zamboanga City, Philippines Kyoto, Japan Tirana, Albania La Paz, Bolivia Cúcuta, Colombia Toulouse, France Barnaul, Russia Dalian, China Yulin, China Mdina, Malta Córdoba, Argentina
Category:Roman sites in Spain Category:Tourism in Spain
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