published: 31 Mar 2009
views: 1249439
Vimeo results:
Youtube results:
Open Collage in a new Window
Email the Collage
- Loading...
Loading suggestions ...
- 1982 Lebanon War
- 2 Chronicles
- 2006 Lebanon War
- 613 mitzvot
- Aaliyah
- Abraham
- Addis Ababa
- African Jews
- Alhambra decree
- Aliyah
- Aliyah Bet
- Aliyah from Ethiopia
- American Jews
- Americas
- Anti-semitism
- Anti-Semitism
- Anti-Zionism
- Antisemitism
- Arab
- Arabic language
- Argentina
- Asia
- Atheist
- Austerity in Israel
- Babylon
- Babylonian exile
- Balfour Declaration
- Bank of Israel
- Banking in Israel
- Basic Laws of Israel
- Bauhaus
- Berihah
- Beta Israel
- Betar
- Bible
- Bilu
- Bnei Akiva
- Bnei Menashe
- Book of Isaiah
- Borders of Israel
- Brandeis University
- Bricha
- Buchenwald
- Byzantine Empire
- Cabinet of Israel
- Canaan
- Canaanism
- Category Israel
- Central America
- Children of Israel
- Christian Zionism
- Cinema of Israel
- Colombia
- Crime in Israel
- Crusade
- Cultural Zionism
- Culture of Israel
- David Ben-Gurion
- Dead Sea
- Degania
- Diaspora
- Districts of Israel
- Economy of Argentina
- Economy of Israel
- Edict of Expulsion
- Education in Israel
- El Al
- Elections in Israel
- Emblem of Israel
- Emergency Quota Act
- Emigration
- English language
- Eretz Israel
- Ethiopia
- Ethiopian Jews
- Ezra
- Federal Zionism
- Fifth Aliyah
- First Aliyah
- First Intifada
- Flag of Israel
- Fourth Aliyah
- France
- French Jews
- Galut
- Gaon of Vilna
- Gaza War
- General Zionists
- Geography of Israel
- Germany
- God
- Great Uprising
- Greater Israel
- Green Zionism
- Ha'avara Agreement
- Haaretz
- Habonim Dror
- Haganah
- Haifa
- Halacha
- Halakha
- Halutzim
- Haredim and Zionism
- Hashomer
- Hashomer Hatzair
- Hastening Redemption
- Hatikvah
- Hebrew Bible
- Hebrew language
- Hebron
- Histadrut
- History of Israel
- History of Palestine
- History of Zionism
- Holocaust
- Holy Land
- Hovevei Zion
- Hungary
- Immigrants
- Immigration
- India
- Internet in Israel
- Iranian Revolution
- Iraq
- Irgun
- Iron Curtain
- Irrealis mood
- Isaac
- Israel
- Israel Border Police
- Israel Chemicals
- Israel Police
- Israeli cuisine
- Israeli culture
- Israeli Jews
- Israeli law
- Israeli literature
- Israeli new shekel
- Israeli wine
- Israelis
- Israelites
- Jacob
- Jaffa, Israel
- Jerusalem
- Jerusalem Law
- Jew
- Jewish
- Jewish Agency
- Jewish Autonomism
- Jewish diaspora
- Jewish Emancipation
- Jewish history
- Jewish Messiah
- Jewish messianism
- Jewish National Fund
- Jewish state
- Jews
- Jezreel Valley
- Jordan River
- Joshua
- Judaism
- Judaization
- Kabbalah
- Kadima
- Kahanism
- Karaite
- Kibbutz
- Kidron Valley
- Kingdom of Judah
- Knesset
- Labor Zionism
- Land of Israel
- Languages of Israel
- Law of Return
- Lehi (group)
- Likud
- Lishkat Hakesher
- List of Chilean Jews
- List of Israelis
- Lyudmila Alexeyeva
- Ma'abarot
- Maghreb
- Mandatory Palestine
- Mass media
- Media of Israel
- Mediterranean Sea
- Middle class
- Mizrahi Jews
- Moses
- Moses Sofer
- Moshiach
- Mossad
- Mossad Le'aliyah Bet
- Mount of Olives
- Music of Israel
- Muslim Zionism
- Nazism
- Nefesh B'Nefesh
- Neo-Zionism
- New York City
- Nordic countries
- North Africa
- North America
- Oil refineries
- Old City (Jerusalem)
- Old Yishuv
- Operation Moses
- Operation Solomon
- Oslo Accords
- Ottoman Empire
- Outline of Israel
- Paraguay
- Passover
- Persian Jews
- Perushim
- Petah Tikva
- Poale Zion
- Pogrom
- Poland
- Political Zionism
- Politics of Israel
- Portal Geography
- Portal Israel
- Portal Judaism
- Portal Sociology
- Post-Zionism
- Practical Zionism
- Pre-Zionist Aliyah
- President of Israel
- Promised Land
- Promised land
- Red Sea
- Reform Zionism
- Refugees
- Religion in Israel
- Religious Zionism
- Return to Zion
- Revisionist Zionism
- Right
- Rishon LeZion
- Rosh Pina
- Russia
- Russian Empire
- Safed
- Scribe
- Sea of Galilee
- Second Aliyah
- Second Intifada
- Second Temple
- Sephardi
- Shavei Israel
- Silwan
- Six-Day War
- Socialism
- Sports in Israel
- Statistics
- Streams of Zionism
- Sudan
- Suez Crisis
- Sukkot
- Synthetic Zionism
- Syria
- Tanakh
- Taxation in Israel
- Tel Aviv
- Television in Israel
- Temani
- Template Aliyah
- Template talk Aliyah
- Template Zionism
- Ten Lost Tribes
- Territorialism
- The Forward
- The Return to Zion
- Theocracy
- Theodor Herzl
- Third Aliyah
- Tiberias
- Timeline of Zionism
- Tishrei
- Tourism in Israel
- Tower and stockade
- Translation
- Transport in Israel
- Triconsonantal root
- United States
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
- Vilna Gaon
- War of Attrition
- White Paper of 1939
- Who is a Jew?
- Wildlife of Israel
- Women in Israel
- World Agudath Israel
- World War I
- World War II
- WP NOTRS
- Years in Israel
- Yemen
- Yemenite Jews
- Yerida
- Yishuv
- Yom Kippur
- Yom Kippur War
- Yugoslavia
- Zikhron Ya'aqov
- Zion
- Zionism
- Zionist
- Zionology
-
1929 Hebron massacre
The Hebron massacre refers to the killing of sixty-seven Jews on 23 and 24 August 1929 in Hebron, then part of the British Mandate of Palestine, by Arabs incited to violence by rumors that Jews were massacring Arabs in Jerusalem and seizing control of Muslim holy places. This massacre, together with that of Safed, sent shock waves through Jewish communities in Palestine and across the world.
http://wn.com/1929_Hebron_massacre -
Addis Ababa
http://wn.com/Addis_Ababa -
Americas
The Americas, or America, (, , , , , , ) are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World, comprising the continents of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions. The plural form the Americas is often used in English, as the singular America is ambiguous: America is more commonly used to refer to the United States of America. The Americas cover 8.3% of the Earth's total surface area (28.4% of its land area) and contain about 13.5% of the human population (about 900 million people).
http://wn.com/Americas -
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic (, ), is the second largest country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations, though Mexico, Colombia and Spain are more populous.
http://wn.com/Argentina -
Brandeis University
Brandeis University () is an American private research university with a liberal arts focus. It is located in the southwestern corner of Waltham, Massachusetts, nine miles (14 km) west of Boston. The University has an enrollment of approximately 3,200 undergraduate and 2,100 graduate students. In 2010, it was ranked by the U.S. News and World Report as the number 34 national university in the United States. Forbes listed Brandeis University as number 57 among all national universities and liberal arts colleges combined in 2010.
http://wn.com/Brandeis_University -
Buchenwald
http://wn.com/Buchenwald -
Colombia
Colombia (), officially the Republic of Colombia (, ), is a constitutional republic in northwestern South America. Colombia is bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the northwest by Panama; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia also shares maritime borders with Venezuela, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. With a population of over 45 million people, Colombia has the 29th largest population in the world and the second largest in South America, after Brazil. Colombia has the fourth largest Spanish-speaking population in the world after Mexico, the United States, and Spain.
http://wn.com/Colombia -
Ethiopia
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Ethiopia -
France
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/France -
Germany
Germany (), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Western Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The territory of Germany covers 357.021 km2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state of the European Union, and home to the third-largest number of international migrants worldwide.
http://wn.com/Germany -
Haifa
http://wn.com/Haifa -
Hebron
Hebron (Arabic: ; Hebrew: , Standard Hebrew: , Tiberian: ), is located in the southern West Bank, 30 km (19 mi) south of Jerusalem. Nestling in the Judean Mountains, it lies 930 meters (3,050 ft) above sea level. It is the largest city in the West Bank and home to around 165,000 Palestinians, and over 500 Israeli settlers concentrated in and around the old quarter. The city is most notable for containing the traditional burial site of the biblical Patriarchs and Matriarchs and is therefore considered the second-holiest city in Judaism. The city is also venerated by Muslims as the burial place of the prophet Abraham. and was traditonally viewed as one of the "four holy cities of Islam."
http://wn.com/Hebron -
Hungary
http://wn.com/Hungary -
India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
http://wn.com/India -
Iraq
Iraq ( or , Arabic: ), officially the Republic of Iraq (Arabic:
http://wn.com/Iraq -
Israel
http://wn.com/Israel -
Jaffa, Israel
http://wn.com/Jaffa_Israel -
Jerusalem
Jerusalem ( , ; Arabic: , al-Quds Sharif, "The Holy Sanctuary") is the capital of Israel, though not internationally recognized as such. If the area and population of East Jerusalem is included, it is Israel's largest city in both population and area, with a population of 763,800 residents over an area of . Located in the Judean Mountains, between the Mediterranean Sea and the northern edge of the Dead Sea, modern Jerusalem has grown far beyond the boundaries of the Old City.
http://wn.com/Jerusalem -
Jezreel Valley
:For the ancient, Biblical city, see Jezreel (city)
http://wn.com/Jezreel_Valley -
Jordan River
{{Geobox|River
http://wn.com/Jordan_River -
Kidron Valley
http://wn.com/Kidron_Valley -
Knesset
http://wn.com/Knesset -
Mount of Olives
The Mount of Olives (also Mount Olivet, , Har HaZeitim ;, Jebel az-Zeitun) is a mountain ridge in east Jerusalem with three peaks running from north to south. The highest, at-Tur, rises to 818 meters (2,683 ft). It is named for the olive groves that covers its slopes. The Mount of Olives is associated with Jewish and Christian traditions.
http://wn.com/Mount_of_Olives -
Nordic countries
http://wn.com/Nordic_countries -
Old City (Jerusalem)
The Old City (, HaEer HaAtika, , al-Balda al-Qadimah) is a 0.9 square kilometre (0.35 square mile) walled area within the modern city of Jerusalem; it lies within East Jerusalem. Until the 1860s this area constituted the entire city of Jerusalem. The Old City is home to several sites of key religious importance: the Temple Mount and its Western Wall for Jews, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre for Christians, and the Dome of the Rock and al-Aqsa Mosque for Muslims.
http://wn.com/Old_City_(Jerusalem) -
Paraguay
http://wn.com/Paraguay -
Petah Tikva
http://wn.com/Petah_Tikva -
Poland
Poland (), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous Slavic member.
http://wn.com/Poland -
Rishon LeZion
Rishon LeZion ( , lit. First to Zion), is the fourth-largest city in Israel, located along the central Israeli coastal plain 12 kilometers south of Tel Aviv. It is part of the Gush Dan metropolitan area. The city had a population of 227,600 at the end of 2009. Founded in 1882 by European Jewish immigrants, it was the second Jewish farm colony established in Land of Israel in the 19th century, after Petah Tikva.
http://wn.com/Rishon_LeZion -
Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
http://wn.com/Russia -
Safed
http://wn.com/Safed -
Silwan
Silwan, or Kfar Hashiloah, (; ) is a predominantly Arab neighborhood adjacent to the Old City of Jerusalem, extending along the Kidron Valley and running alongside the eastern slopes of Jabal al-Mukaber. Silwan has a population of roughly 45,000.
http://wn.com/Silwan -
Sudan
Sudan (), officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in northeastern Africa. It is the largest country in Africa and the Arab world, and tenth largest in the world by area. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east,Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. The world's longest river, the Nile, divides the country between east and west sides.
http://wn.com/Sudan -
Syria
Syria ( ; ' or '), officially the Syrian Arab Republic (), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
http://wn.com/Syria -
Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv-Yafo (Hebrew: , lit. "Spring Hill"-Jaffa; , ''Tall 'Abib''), usually referred to as Tel Aviv, is the second-largest city in Israel, with an estimated population of 393,900. The city is situated on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline, with a land area of . It is the largest and most populous city in the metropolitan area of Gush Dan, home to 3.2 million people as of 2008. The city is governed by the Tel Aviv-Yafo municipality, headed by Ron Huldai. Residents of Tel Aviv are called Tel Avivians.
http://wn.com/Tel_Aviv -
Tiberias
Tiberias (; , Tverya ; , ) is a city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee, Lower Galilee, Israel. Established in 20 CE, it was named in honour of the emperor Tiberius. Since the 16th century, Tiberias has been considered one of Judaism's Four Holy Cities, along with Jerusalem, Hebron and Safed. In the 2nd-10th centuries, Tiberias was the largest Jewish city in the Galilee, and the political and religious hub of the Jews of Palestine. According to Christian tradition, Jesus performed several miracles in the Tiberias district, making it an important pilgrimage site for devout Christians. Tiberias has historically been known for its hot springs, believed to cure skin and other ailments, for thousands of years.
http://wn.com/Tiberias -
United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
http://wn.com/United_States -
Uruguay
Uruguay (, ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (sometimes rendered as the Eastern Republic of Uruguay in the English language; , ), is a country located in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.4 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area. An estimated 88% of the population are of European descent.
http://wn.com/Uruguay -
Venezuela
http://wn.com/Venezuela -
Yemen
http://wn.com/Yemen -
Yugoslavia
http://wn.com/Yugoslavia -
Zikhron Ya'aqov
http://wn.com/Zikhron_Ya'aqov
-
Aaliyah
http://wn.com/Aaliyah -
Abraham
Abraham(originally known as Abram) (, , ', ', ) is the founding patriarch of the Israelites, Ishmaelites, Edomites, and the Midianites and kindred peoples, according to the book of Genesis.
http://wn.com/Abraham -
Arab
http://wn.com/Arab -
David Ben-Gurion
http://wn.com/David_Ben-Gurion -
Ezra
http://wn.com/Ezra -
Gaon of Vilna
http://wn.com/Gaon_of_Vilna -
Isaac
Isaac (; , "he will laugh"; , ; , ; ; or ) as described in the Hebrew Bible, was the only son Abraham had with his wife Sarah, and was the father of Jacob and Esau. Isaac is one of the three patriarchs of the Jewish people. According to the Book of Genesis, Abraham was 100 years old when Isaac was born, and Sarah was beyond childbearing years.
http://wn.com/Isaac -
Israeli Jews
| class="infobox" cellspacing="5" style="width: 22em; text-align: center; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em"
http://wn.com/Israeli_Jews -
Israelites
The Israelites were a people of the Ancient Near East who inhabited the Land of Israel. They are the ancestors of modern-day Jews. The term "Israelites" (or the Twelve Tribes or Children of Israel) means both a people, the descendants of the patriarch Jacob/Israel, and those who worship the god of the people Israel, regardless of ethnic origin. In the biblical history an Israelite can be:
http://wn.com/Israelites -
Jacob
Jacob (; , Standard ', Tiberian '; Septuagint '; '; "heel" or "leg-puller"), also later known as Israel (, Standard ', Tiberian '; Septuagint '; '; "persevere with God"), as described in the Hebrew Bible, was the third patriarch of the Jewish people whom God made a covenant with, and ancestor of the tribes of Israel, named after his descendants.
http://wn.com/Jacob -
Jew
http://wn.com/Jew -
Jews
:For the Jewish way of life, including religion, law, culture, and philosophy, see Judaism. "Jew" redirects here; for other uses, see Jew (disambiguation).
http://wn.com/Jews -
Joshua
http://wn.com/Joshua -
List of Israelis
This is a list of prominent Israelis (including Arab citizens of Israel).
http://wn.com/List_of_Israelis -
Lyudmila Alexeyeva
Lyudmila Mikhailovna Alexeyeva (, ; born July 20, 1927) is a Russian historian, human rights activist and one of the few veterans of the Soviet dissident movement still active in modern Russia.
http://wn.com/Lyudmila_Alexeyeva -
Mizrahi Jews
http://wn.com/Mizrahi_Jews -
Moses
http://wn.com/Moses -
Moses Sofer
Moses Schreiber, known to his own community and Jewish posterity as Moshe Sofer, also known by his main work Chasam Sofer, (trans. Seal of the Scribe and acronym for Chidushei Toras Moshe Sofer), (1762 - 1839), was one of the leading Orthodox rabbis of European Jewry in the first half of the nineteenth century. He was a teacher to thousands and a powerful opponent to the Reform movement, which was then making inroads into many Jewish communities in Austria-Hungary and beyond. As Rav of the city of Bratislava, he maintained a strong Orthodox Jewish perspective through communal life, first-class education, and uncompromising opposition to Reform and radical change.
http://wn.com/Moses_Sofer -
Ottoman Empire
http://wn.com/Ottoman_Empire -
Sephardi
http://wn.com/Sephardi -
Theodor Herzl
http://wn.com/Theodor_Herzl -
Vilna Gaon
Elijah ben Shlomo Zalman, () known as the Vilna Gaon or Elijah of Vilna and simply by his Hebrew acronym Gra ("Gaon Rabbenu Eliyahu"), (b. Vilnius April 23, 1720, d. Vilaus October 9, 1797), was a Talmudist, halachist, kabbalist, and the foremost leader of non-hasidic Jewry of the past few centuries. He is commonly referred to in Hebrew as ''ha'Gaon ha'Chasid mi'Vilna'', "the saintly genius from Vilnius."
http://wn.com/Vilna_Gaon -
Women in Israel
http://wn.com/Women_in_Israel -
World War I
World War I was a military conflict centered on Europe that began in the summer of 1914. The fighting ended in late 1918. This conflict involved all of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (centred around the Triple Entente) and the Central Powers. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilized in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, due largely to great technological advances in firepower without corresponding ones in mobility. It was the second deadliest conflict in history.
http://wn.com/World_War_I
Aliyah Filmography
Aliyah Filmography
RELEASE
ALBUMS
- Got to Give It Up
- Got to Give Up (remix)
- Beats 4 da Streets (intro)
- Ladies in da House
- We Need a Resolution
- Rock the Boat
- Read Between the Lines
- One in a Million
- I Care 4 U
- A Girl Like You
- At Your Best
- Back and Forth
- Don't Worry
- Erica Kane
- Hot Like Fire
- 4 Page Letter
- A Girl Like You
- Beats 4 da Streets (Intro)
- Came to Give Love (Outro)
- Choosey Lover (Old School New School)
- Everything's Gonna Be Alright
- Giving You More
- Got to Give It Up
- Heartbroken
- Hot Like Fire
- I Gotcha' Back
- If Your Girl Only Knew
- Ladies In da House
- Never Comin' Back
- Never Givin' Up
- 4 Page Letter
- A Girl Like You
- All I Need
- Are You That Somebody
- At Your Best
- Back And Forth
- Come Over
- Don't Know What To Tell Ya
- Don't Worry
- Erica Kane
- Everything's Gonna Be Alright
- Extra Smooth
- Giving You More
- Got To Give It Up
- Got To Give Up (Remix)
- Heartbroken
- Hot Like Fire
- I Can Be
- I Care 4 U
- I Gotcha' Back
- I Refuse
- If Your Girl Only Knew
- It's Whatever
- Ladies In da House
- Miss You
- More Than a Woman
- Never Comin' Back
- Never Givin' Up
- Never No More
- One In a Million
- Try Again
- Those Were the Days
- Rock the Boat
- Read Between the Lines
- U Got Nerve
- Intro
- Throw Your Hands Up
- Back and Forth
- Age Ain't Nothing but a Number
- Down With the Clique
- At Your Best
- No One Knows How to Love Me Quite Like You Do
- I'm So Into You
- Street Thing
- Young Nation
- Old School
- I'm Down
- The Thing I Like
- At Your Best (Gangstar Child remix)
- At Your Best (Stepper's Ball remix)
- Are You Feeling Me
- Meesed up
- Rock the Beat (Club Mix by Mixzo)
- Rock the Beat (Club Mix by Dough Lazy)
- More Then a Woman (12" Version)
- More Then a Woman (Bump n Flex Club Mix)
- More Then a Woman (Maw Main Mix)
- Try Again (Timbaland Remix)
- Try Again (D'Jam Hassan Remix)
- Try Again (Krunchie Remix)
- More Then a Woman (Krunchie Remix)
- One in a Million
- If Your Girl Only Knew
- Hot Like Fire
- The One I Gave My Heart To
- Got to Give It Up
- 4 Page Letter
- We Need a Resolution
- Rock the Boat
- More Than a Woman
- I Care 4 U
- Try Again
- Back & Forth
- Are You That Somebody
- Don't Know What to Tell Ya
- Miss You
- At Your Best
- We Need a Resolution
- Loose Rap
- Rock the Boat
- More Than a Woman
- Never No More
- I Care 4 U
- Extra Smooth
- Read Between the Lines
- U Got Nerve
- I Refuse
- It's Whatever
- I Can Be
- Those Were the Days
- What If
- Try Again
- Miss You
- Don't Know What to Tell Ya
- Erica Kane
- Beats 4 da Streets Intro
- Hot Like Fire
- One in a Million
- A Girl Like You
- If Your Girl Only Knew
- Choosey Lover (Old School/New School)
- Got to Give It Up
- 4 Page Letter
- Everything's Gonna Be Alright
- Giving You More
- I Gotcha' Back
- Never Givin' Up
- Heartbroken
- Never Comin' Back
- Ladies in Da House
- The One I Gave My Heart To
- Came to Give Love (outro)
- Come Over
- Back and Forth
- Are You That Somebody
- One in a Million
- I Care 4 U
- More Than a Woman
- Don't Know What to Tell Ya
- Try Again
- All I Need
- Miss You
- Don't Worry
- Come Over
- Erica Kane
- At Your Best
- Got to Give Up (remix)
- We Need a Resolution
- Rock the Boat
- Are You Feelin' Me
- Messed Up
- Rock the Boat (club mix by Mixzo)
- Rock the Boat (club mix by Doug Lazy)
- More Than a Woman (Bump n Flex club mix)
- More Than a Woman (12" version)
- More Than a Woman (Maw main mix)
- Try Again (Timbaland remix)
- Try Again (D'Ja, Hassan remix)
- Try Again (Krunchie remix 30-11-04)
- More Than a Woman (Krunchie remix 30-11-04)
- Back and Forth
- At Your Best (remix)
- Age Ain't Nothing but a Number
- Are You Ready
- If Your Girl Only Knew
- One in a Million
- 4 Page Letter
- Hot Like Fire (remix)
- The One I Gave My Heart To
- Death of a Playa
- Are You That Somebody
- I Don't Wanna
- Try Again
- Come Back in One Piece (feat. DMX)
- Are You Feelin' Me?
- We Need a Resolution
- Rock the Boat
- More Than a Woman
- If Your Girl Only Knew (remix)
- One in a Million (Darkchild remix)
- I Need a Resolution
- Come Back in One Piece
- Try Again
- If Your Girl Only Knew
- Hot Like Fire
- Rock the Boat
- R U Feel' in Me
- Back N Forth
- Age Ain't Nothin but a Number
- Are You That Somebody
- At Your Best
- 4 Page Letter
- Gangster Child Remix
- I Don't Wanna
- One in a Million
- I Care For You
- The One I Gave My Heart To
- Final Warning (feat. Ginuwine)
Born: ['1979-01-16']
Died: ['2001-08-25']
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
Aliyah - i Miss You
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Updated: 27 Oct 2012
..ox
http://wn.com/Aliyah_i_Miss_You
/.\aliyah-Are You Feelin Me Yo
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:16
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
hotttt
http://wn.com/_\aliyah-Are_You_Feelin_Me_Yo
Aliyah Kolf - I have nothing - Finale Holland's Got Talent 16-09-11 HD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:01
- Updated: 01 Nov 2012
Het winnende optreden van dit 11 jarige talent met een cover van Whitney Houston in de finale van Holland's Got talent. Gespot op 16 september 2011.
http://wn.com/Aliyah_Kolf_I_have_nothing_Finale_Holland's_Got_Talent_16-09-11_HD
Aliyah - LOVE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:17
- Updated: 01 Nov 2012
Download "LOVE" exclusief via: www.starzone.nl Aliyah -- LOVE Composed by B. Fouradi, J. Rahmouni, R. Donk Written by: B. Fouradi Video directed by: Mike Static Choreography by: Shaker Choreography assistant: Arnold Arakaza Styling by: G. Laisina & M. Gray voor The Frontrow Volg Aliyah: Twitter: @Aliyahonline Facebook: Facebook.com/Aliyahonline Hyves: www.aliyahonline.hyves.nl Website www.aliyahonline.nl (P) 2012 Sony Music Entertainment Netherlands BV Special thanks to Reebok, JHP Fashionstore, MyBrand, Jacky Luxury, Glamorous, So PR, Saton Optiek, CPC Music video by Aliyah performing LOVE. (C) 2012 Sony Music Entertainment Netherlands BV
http://wn.com/Aliyah_LOVE
Aliyah Kolf I have nothing Finale Holland's Got Talent 16 09 11 HD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:01
- Updated: 29 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Aliyah_Kolf_I_have_nothing_Finale_Holland's_Got_Talent_16_09_11_HD
Aliyah in Holland_s Got Talent -iam telling you-Jennifer Hudson.flv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:50
- Updated: 01 Nov 2012
Saw this here on YouTube and wanted to share with you the talent across the globe. Same song from two very talented girls, thousands of miles apart. I don't own the copyright of this clip, so if the owners have any reservations just let me know.
http://wn.com/Aliyah_in_Holland_s_Got_Talent_-iam_telling_you-Jennifer_Hudsonflv
Aliyah Kolf Winnaar Holland's God Talent 2011 Jeugdjournaal 19-09-2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:15
- Updated: 03 Sep 2012
Aliyah Kolf Winner Holland's Got Talent 2011 Honoured at school incl Resuts Finale Young Children News (Jeugdjournaal) monday sept 19th 2011. The first day at school after winning HGT.
http://wn.com/Aliyah_Kolf_Winnaar_Holland's_God_Talent_2011_Jeugdjournaal_19-09-2011
HD 11-year-old dutch Aliyah sings Jennifer Hudson, Holland's Got Talent 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:50
- Updated: 30 Oct 2012
Dutch eleven-year-old Aliyah Kolf singing Jennifer Hudson And I am telling you, I'm not going. This girl is going to be the next world star!
http://wn.com/HD_11-year-old_dutch_Aliyah_sings_Jennifer_Hudson,_Holland's_Got_Talent_2011
Winner 2011 Holland's Got Talent Aliyah 11 years old sings Whitney Houston amazing
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:02
- Updated: 31 Oct 2012
Holland's Got Talents Aliyah zingt Whitney Houston look for your self. Looking for the latest Air Crashes go to www.AirCrashObserver.com
http://wn.com/Winner_2011_Holland's_Got_Talent_Aliyah_11_years_old_sings_Whitney_Houston_amazing
6x25 - Aliyah #4 Eli David Interrogates Tony while Ziva watches
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:10
- Updated: 08 Oct 2012
Even though they are not in the same room, this is still as Tiva as a scene can get therefore, it's on TIVAtv. I love how Tony manages to lure Eli and make him say something he didn't want to. Shows how great his character is and why I like him more than James Bond. Note: I decided it'd be good if I added the season each clip belonged to (and the episode number). I doubt it will hurt and if I don't do it now that there aren't many clips, I won't do it when there's a whole season of clips uploaded to the TIVAtv channel. Editing video details is a pain. :)
http://wn.com/6x25_Aliyah_4_Eli_David_Interrogates_Tony_while_Ziva_watches
Great song for Israel "Aliyah"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Song of Stevenson to every New immigrant or Olim Hadashim to their home land Israel. Sang on Israeli Channel 24
http://wn.com/Great_song_for_Israel_Aliyah
The Making of an Aliyah to Israel book
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:01
- Updated: 01 Aug 2012
Interview: The Making of the Israel book, "MOVING UP: An Aliyah Journal". Hear Laura Ben-David describe her exciting move to Israel when she made Aliyah with Nefesh B'Nefesh. In the video Laura explains how she came to write the famous emails that became the book, "MOVING UP: An Aliyah Journal". For more information about Israel, Aliyah, or to buy the Aliya book, go to www.aliyahbook.com or to http
http://wn.com/The_Making_of_an_Aliyah_to_Israel_book
Dancing to Aliyah
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:14
- Updated: 24 Oct 2012
Dancing to Aliyah's Brush it off and Try Again song in my old apartment
http://wn.com/Dancing_to_Aliyah
Jewish Agency 60 Year Aliyah Retrospective
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:15
- Updated: 12 Aug 2012
Since the establishment of the State of Israel, the Jewish Agency has been responsible for the aliyah (immigration) and absorption (integration into Israeli society) of Jews from around the world. This includes the mass immigration of Jews from the former Soviet Union though Operation Exodus and Ethiopia through Operation Moses. In February 2009, the Jewish Agency rescued 10 Yemite Jews in an covert operation. This video captures the Jewish Agency's aliyah achievements in this video restrospective of the past 60 years.
http://wn.com/Jewish_Agency_60_Year_Aliyah_Retrospective
Joy of Aliyah #8 - Welcome to Israel Episode
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:57
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Jamie Geller has arrived and is officially an Israeli citizen. The lift arrives and the kids started school, watch it all happen. For more from Jamie Geller visit joyofkosher.com
http://wn.com/Joy_of_Aliyah_8_Welcome_to_Israel_Episode
![NCIS - Aliyah [6x25] Tony questioned by Eli David (Ziva's Father)](http://web.archive.org./web/20121101082409im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/K4hvkCKaep0/default.jpg "NCIS - Aliyah [6x25] Tony questioned by Eli David (Ziva's Father)")
NCIS - Aliyah [6x25] Tony questioned by Eli David (Ziva's Father)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:03
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
While being in Israel, Tony is being questioned by Eli David (Ziva's father) about Michael Rivkin's dead. Eli tries to put the blame on Tony while Gibbs, Ziva and Director Vance are watching. However, Tony keeps his cool and riles him up to turn it around in his favour by stating the facts
http://wn.com/NCIS_Aliyah_6x25_Tony_questioned_by_Eli_David_Ziva's_Father
Holland's Got Talent Aliyah Finals 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:10
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
11 year old girl singing: I have nothing - Whitney Houston Created with MAGIX Video deluxe 17
http://wn.com/Holland's_Got_Talent_Aliyah_Finals_2011
Aliyah to Israel: A Beautiful Dream and Life Come True
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:40
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
The following is a prayer , in form of a short music video that i pray encourages*, uplifts and inspires* people to visit God's Land promised to His Eternally beloved people: Israel . I hope and pray that anyone that watches it is blessed in wanting to make the move, the choice, the promise* of going up to Israel : To Make Aliyah. It is time for you, Israel, to come Home... God bless you forever and for always : Israel With Love and Gratitude, Edward F. Villa Video Information: Background Song: Artist: Ace of Base Title: Beautiful Life Album: The Bridge * Pictures and videos are from the Land and People of Israel* Video Produced and Edited by : Edward F. Villa Blog: jewishmiracles.insightonthenews.net
http://wn.com/Aliyah_to_Israel_A_Beautiful_Dream_and_Life_Come_True
6x25 - Aliyah #2 Michael is dead, Tony killed him
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:30
- Updated: 24 Aug 2012
I love the first seconds of this clip, Tony and Ziva are in mirroring positions, each going through their own hell and separated by the swinging doors. So fitting.
http://wn.com/6x25_Aliyah_2_Michael_is_dead,_Tony_killed_him
Joy of Aliyah #10 - The Finale - Living the Dream
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:06
- Updated: 29 Oct 2012
Jamie Geller takes us to the Kotel, to Machaneh Yehuda and The Mall and wishes everyone a Happy New Year from the Holy Land. For more from Jamie joyofkosher.com
http://wn.com/Joy_of_Aliyah_10_The_Finale_Living_the_Dream
6x25 - Aliyah #5 Ziva feels betrayed by everyone, including Tony
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:40
- Updated: 22 Oct 2012
Again, even though Tony isn't here, we hear that Ziva feels betrayed by him. So, TIVA! It's sad this, how Ziva channels a lot of her feelings through anger and violence. Another person might have asked Hadar for a minute and *talk* about it while glaring at him or something. Not our girl. Ziva chokeholds him and then demands answers. This might sound juvenile but I think Ziva rocks. I like this Hadar, intriguing character with an intriguing relationship with Ziva. What he said made sense, even if it left Ziva looking and feeling like she screwed up a bit. She knew Michael was a mess but by the time she actually did something about it, it was too late. I'm a sucker for these types of emotion-turbo-charged scenes. There's something almost fanfiction-y about them that I love.
http://wn.com/6x25_Aliyah_5_Ziva_feels_betrayed_by_everyone,_including_Tony
6x25 Aliyah #6 Ziva confronts Tony about killing Michael
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:45
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
This scene is intense. It also has a bit of fanfiction-y flavor to it, only because I'd never thought I'd see such anger on the show. Sure, characters get angry but if my poor memory serves me right, they never get this angry and the situation is never that rotten. I love NCIS for this because I like to see characters in bad situations, see them squirm and reveal hidden parts of themselves. This scene is, to me, the best one yet. Best TIVA to this date. 'But she wants to shoot him', you say. Yes, yes, but still, the things said in this scene touch the core of their relationship so it's sort of like a milestone.
http://wn.com/6x25_Aliyah_6_Ziva_confronts_Tony_about_killing_Michael
Photo: AP / Mike Groll
31 Oct 2012
TEHRAN — Iranian rescuers and aid workers are on standby to fly to New York City to provide assistance to those affected by Hurricane Sandy, the head of Iran’s Red Crescent Organization...
Photo: AP / John Minchillo
30 Oct 2012
At least 13 people have been killed in the US and millions are without power after Superstorm Sandy slammed into the New Jersey coastline and hurled a record-breaking 13ft surge of seawater at New...
Photo: AP / DigitalGlobe via Satellite Sentinel Project
31 Oct 2012
Cairo: A suspected Israeli airstrike on a weapons factory in Khartoum last week points to a possible escalation in a hidden front of the rivalry between Israel and Iran: The arms pipeline through...
Photo: AP / Bebeto Matthews
31 Oct 2012
WASHINGTON â Residents along most of the East Coast on Tuesday began cleaning up the wreckage left behind by Hurricane Sandy, and it was immediately clear that all Americans will get slapped with...
Photo: AP / Jacqueline Larma
30 Oct 2012
Updated: October 30, 2012 11:08AM NEW YORK — Millions of people from Maine to the Carolinas awoke Tuesday without electricity, and an eerily quiet New York City was all but closed off by car, train...
The Tribune San Luis Obispo
Prep Girls Volleyball: Templeton loses regular-season finale but still wins LPL 15 minutes ago Three county teams land section playoff berths Local high schools head to playoffs this week Mission Prep girls volleyball team downs Villanova Prep...(size: 14.9Kb)
No more free passes for tyrants
29 Oct 2012
Japan Times
WASHINGTON — Did Syria and Israel conduct secret talks in 2010 about a possible peace treaty involving a full Israeli withdrawal from the Golan Heights? Recent news items — aimed at influencing Israel's January elections — assert as much. But such discussions, usually secret and...(size: 6.2Kb)
Trying to buy peace with Syria’s tyrant
27 Oct 2012
The Washington Post
Natan Sharansky, a human rights activist and political prisoner in the former Soviet Union, is chairman of the Jewish Agency for Israel. He is the author of “The Case for Democracy.” Did Syria and Israel conduct secret talks in 2010 about a possible peace treaty involving a full Israeli...(size: 3.9Kb)
The Tribune San Luis Obispo
Prep Roundup: Arroyo Grande will be well represented in girls PAC 7 tennis semifinals 10 minutes ago Prep Roundup: Mission Prep football team picks up forfeit win Arroyo Grande closes in on PAC 7 girls volleyball title...(size: 16.6Kb)
Israel: The End of the Dream
26 Oct 2012
Antiwar
When I was very young, I thrilled to the strains of "Exodus" – the music that accompanied the popular movie depicting the Israeli fight for independence. I played it over and over, every night, falling asleep to its crashing chords of defiance and deliverance. But it wasn’t just the music....(size: 9.0Kb)
Ha'aretz
I grew up in a committed Jewish family in a very non-Jewish part of the United States. Both of my parents grew up in the strong...(size: 0.8Kb)
IMDb
Watch 2 new clips from Keoni Waxman's Maximum Conviction action movie, starring Steven Seagal and Steve Austin Anchor...(size: 0.8Kb)
The Daily Telegraph Australia
IT'S not often you get to photograph two-week old twins. But when you do - and they're both smiling, it's magic. Daley's Point photographer Jodie Andrews couldn't believe it when Marli and Summa Crosbie of Kincumber turned...(size: 1.6Kb)
PREPZONE
24 Oct 2012
The News Tribune
TUESday’s highlights Courtney Schwan’s 26 kills and six aces, along with Katy DeGroot’s 37 assists, lifted Bellarmine Prep over rival...(size: 1.0Kb)
The Tribune San Luis Obispo
Prep Roundup: Cabrillo surprises Templeton in LPL girls volleyball 4 minutes ago San Luis Obispo High girls golf team takes eighth at section tournament Prep Roundup: Arroyo Grande boys win division team race at Mt. SAC...(size: 15.2Kb)
High school results for Oct. 23
24 Oct 2012
Richmond Times Dispatch
Cameron Gibson and Lauren Wolfgang scored Tuesday as Lee-Davis defeated Atlee 2-0 in the Capital District field hockey semifinals at River City Sportsplex in Chesterfield. Courtney Gosslin had six saves for the Confederates. Lee-Davis 2 0 — 2 Atlee 0 0 — 0 L-D: Gibson, Wolfgang Assists: Paul,...(size: 14.8Kb)
Police probe haj-related fraud cases
24 Oct 2012
Jakarta Post
Paper Edition | Page: 9 The Jakarta Police said on Tuesday that they have received a number of reports from aspiring haj pilgrims who claimed to have fallen victim to fraudulent acts. The peak of the haj season falls on Oct. 26, when Muslims celebrate Idul Adha or the Day of Sacrifice. The...(size: 3.1Kb)
For the singer, see Aaliyah. For other uses, see Aliyah (disambiguation).
Aliyah (Hebrew: עלייה Translit.: ʿAliyah Translated: "ascent") is the immigration of Jews to the Land of Israel (Eretz Yisrael). It is one of the most basic tenets of Zionist ideology. The opposite action, emigration from Israel, is referred to as yerida ("descent").[1] The return to the Holy Land has been a Jewish aspiration since the Babylonian exile. Large scale immigration to Eretz Israel and later Israel began in 1882.[2]
Etymology[link]
Aliyah is a Hebrew word that means "ascent," or "going up." According to Jewish tradition, traveling to the Land of Israel is an ascent, both geographically and metaphysically. Anyone traveling to Eretz Israel from Egypt, Babylonia or the Mediterranean basin, where many Jews lived in early rabbinic times, climbed to a higher altitude. Visiting Jerusalem, situated 2,700 feet above sea level, was also an "ascent."[3]
Religious, ideological and cultural concept[link]
"Olim" redirects here. For other uses, see Olim (disambiguation).
Aliyah is an important Jewish cultural concept and a fundamental component of Zionism. It is enshrined in Israel's Law of Return, which accords any Jew (deemed as such by halakha and/or Israeli secular law) and eligible non-Jews (a child and a grandchild of a Jew, the spouse of a Jew, the spouse of a child of a Jew and the spouse of a grandchild of a Jew), the legal right to assisted immigration and settlement in Israel, as well as Israeli citizenship. Someone who "makes aliyah" is called an oleh (m. singular) or olah (f. singular); the plural for both is olim. Many Religious Jews espouse aliyah as a return to the Promised land, and regard it as the fulfillment of God's biblical promise to the descendants of the Hebrew patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Aliyah is included as a commandment by some opinions on the enumeration of the 613 commandments.[citation needed]
In Zionist discourse, the term aliyah (plural aliyot) includes both voluntary immigration for ideological, emotional, or practical reasons and, on the other hand, mass flight of persecuted populations of Jews. The vast majority of Israeli Jews today trace their family's recent roots to outside of the country. While many have actively chosen to settle in Israel rather than some other country, many had little or no choice about leaving their previous home countries. While Israel is commonly recognized as "a country of immigrants", it is also, in large measure, a country of refugees.
According to the traditional Jewish ordering of books of the Bible, the very last word of the Bible (i.e. the last word in the original Hebrew of verse 2 Chronicles 36:23) is veya‘al, a jussive verb form derived from the same root as aliyah, meaning "let him go up" (to Israel).[4]
Historical background[link]
Return to the Land of Israel is a recurring theme in Jewish prayers recited every day, three times a day, and holiday services on Passover and Yom Kippur traditionally conclude with the words "Next year in Jerusalem." Since Judaism is both a nation and a religion, aliyah (returning to Israel) has both a secular and a religious significance. In all historical periods during which return to the Land of Israel was possible, Jewish groups and individuals have immigrated back to the Jewish homeland.
For generations of religious Jews, aliyah was associated with the coming of the Jewish Messiah. Jews prayed for their Messiah to come, who was to redeem the Land of Israel from gentile rule and return world Jewry to the land under a Halachic theocracy.[5]
Pre-Zionist aliyah[link]
Main article: Pre-Zionist Aliyah
Biblical[link]
The Hebrew Bible relates that the patriarch Abraham came to the Land of Canaan with his family and followers in approximately 1800 BC. His grandson, Jacob, went down to Egypt with his family, and after several centuries there, the Israelites went back to Canaan under Moses and Joshua, entering it in about 1300 BC.
A few decades after the fall of the Kingdom of Judah and the Babylonian exile of the Jewish people, approximately 50,000 Jews returned to Zion following the Cyrus Declaration from 538 BC. The Jewish priestly scribe Ezra led the Jewish exiles living in Babylon to their home city of Jerusalem in 459 BC. Others returned throughout the era of the Second Temple.
200–500 AD[link]
In late antiquity, the two hubs of rabbinic learning were Babylonia and the Land of Israel. Throughout the Amoraic period, many Babylonian Jews immigrated to the Land of Israel and left their mark on life there, as rabbis and leaders.[6]
10th–11th century[link]
In the 10th century, leaders of the Karaite Jewish community, mostly living under Persian rule, urged their followers to settle in Eretz Yisrael. The Karaites established their own quarter in Jerusalem, on the western slope of the Kidron Valley. During this period, there is abundant evidence of pilgrimages to Jerusalem by Jews from various countries, mainly in the month of Tishrei, around the time of the Sukkot holiday.[7]
1200–1882[link]
The number of Jews returning to the Land of Israel rose significantly between the 13th and 19th centuries, mainly due to a general decline in the status of Jews across Europe and an increase in religious persecution. The expulsion of Jews from England (1290), France (1391), Austria (1421) and Spain (the Alhambra decree of 1492) were seen by many as a sign of approaching redemption and contributed greatly to the messianic spirit of the time.[8]
Aliyah was also spurred during this period by the resurgence of messianic fervor among the Jews of France, Italy, the Germanic states, Poland, Russia and North Africa.[citation needed] The belief in the imminent coming of the Jewish Messiah, the ingathering of the exiles and the re-establishment of the kingdom of Israel encouraged many who had few other options to make the perilous journey to the Land of Israel (Eretz Yisrael).
Pre-Zionist resettlement in Palestine met with various degrees of success. For example, little is known of the fate of the 1210 "aliyah of the three hundred rabbis" and their descendants. It is thought that few survived the bloody upheavals caused by the Crusader invasion in 1229 and their subsequent expulsion by the Muslims in 1291. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453 and the expulsion of Jews from Spain (1492) and Portugal (1498), many Jews made their way to the Holy Land. Then the immigration in the 18th and early 19th centuries of thousands of followers of various Kabbalist and Hassidic rabbis, as well as the disciples of the Vilna Gaon and the disciples of the Chattam Sofer, added considerably to the Jewish populations in Jerusalem, Tiberias, Hebron, and Safed.
The messianic dreams of the Gaon of Vilna inspired one of the largest pre-Zionist waves of immigration to Eretz Yisrael. In 1808, hundreds of the Gaon's disciples, known as Perushim, settled in Tiberias and Safed, and later formed the core of the Old Yishuv in Jerusalem.[9][10] This was part of a larger movement of thousands of Jews from countries as widely spaced as Persia and Morocco, Yemen and Russia, who moved to Israel beginning in the first decade of the nineteenth century – and in even larger numbers after the conquest of the region by Muhammad Ali of Egypt in 1832 – all drawn by the expectation of the arrival of the Messiah in the Jewish year 5600, Christian year 1840, a movement documented in Arie Morgenstern's Hastening Redemption.
There were also those who like the British mystic Laurence Oliphant tried to lease Northern Palestine to settle the Jews there (1879).
Zionist Aliyah (1882 on)[link]
Further information: Zionism
In Zionist history, the different waves of aliyah, beginning with the arrival of the Biluim from Russia in 1882, are categorized by date and the country of origin of the immigrants.
First Aliyah (1882–1903)[link]
Main article: First Aliyah
Between 1882 and 1903, approximately 35,000 Jews immigrated to the south-western area of Syria, then a province of the Ottoman Empire. The majority, belonging to the Hovevei Zion and Bilu movements, came from the Russian Empire with a smaller number arriving from Yemen. Many established agricultural communities. Among the towns that these individuals established are Petah Tikva (already in 1878), Rishon LeZion, Rosh Pina, and Zikhron Ya'aqov. In 1882, the Yemenite Jews settled in an Arab suburb of Jerusalem called Silwan located south-east of the walls of the Old City on the slopes of the Mount of Olives.[11]
Second Aliyah (1904–1914)[link]
Main article: Second Aliyah
Between 1904 and 1914, 40,000 Jews immigrated mainly from Russia to south-western Syria following pogroms and outbreaks of anti-semitism in that country. This group, greatly influenced by socialist ideals, established the first kibbutz, Degania, in 1909 and formed self-defense organizations, such as Hashomer, to counter increasing Arab hostility and to help Jews to protect their communities from Arab bandits. The suburb of Jaffa, Ahuzat Bayit, established at this time, grew into the city of Tel Aviv. During this period, some of the underpinnings of an independent nation-state arose: The national language Hebrew was revived; newspapers and literature written in Hebrew published; political parties and workers organizations were established. The First World War effectively ended the period of the Second Aliyah.
Third Aliyah (1919–1923)[link]
Main article: Third Aliyah
Between 1919 and 1923, 40,000 Jews, mainly from the Russian Empire arrived in the wake of World War I, the British conquest of Palestine; the establishment of the Mandate, and the Balfour Declaration. Many of these were pioneers, known as halutzim, trained in agriculture and capable of establishing self sustaining economies. In spite of immigration quotas established by the British administration, the population of Jews reached 90,000 by the end of this period. The Jezreel Valley and the Hefer Plain marshes were drained and converted to agricultural use. Additional national institutions arose: The Histadrut (General Labor Federation); an elected assembly; national council; and the Haganah, the forerunner of the Israel Defense Forces.
Fourth Aliyah (1924–1929)[link]
Main article: Fourth Aliyah
Between 1924 and 1929, 82,000 Jews arrived, many as a result of anti-semitism in Poland and Hungary. The immigration quotas of the United States kept Jews out. This group contained many middle class families that moved to the growing towns, establishing small businesses and light industry. Of these approximately 23,000 left the country.[12]
Fifth Aliyah (1929–1939)[link]
Main article: Fifth Aliyah
Between 1929 and 1939, with the rise of Nazism in Germany, a new wave of 250,000 immigrants arrived; the majority of these, 174,000, arrived between 1933 and 1936, after which increasing restrictions on immigration by the British made immigration clandestine and illegal, called Aliyah Bet. The Fifth Aliyah was again driven mostly from Eastern Europe as well as professionals, doctors, lawyers and professors, from Germany. Refugee artists introduced Bauhaus (the White City of Tel Aviv has the highest concentration of Bauhaus architecture in the world) and founded the Palestine Philharmonic Orchestra. With the completion of the port at Haifa and its oil refineries, significant industry was added to the predominantly agricultural economy. The Jewish population reached 450,000 by 1940.
At the same time, tensions between Arabs and Jews grew during this period, leading to a series of Arab riots against the Jews in 1929 that left many dead and resulted in the depopulation of the Jewish community in Hebron. This was followed by more violence during the "Great Uprising" of 1936–1939. In response to the ever increasing tension between the Arabic and Jewish communities married with the various commitments the British faced at the dawn of World War II, the British issued the White Paper of 1939, which severely restricted Jewish immigration to 75,000 people for five years. This served to create a relatively peaceful eight years in Palestine while, tragically, The Holocaust unfolded in Europe.
Shortly after their rise to power, the Nazis negotiated the Ha'avara or "Transfer" Agreement with the Jewish Agency under which 50,000 German Jews and $100 million of their assets would be moved to Palestine.[13]
Aliyah Bet: Illegal immigration (1933–1948)[link]
Main article: Aliyah Bet
The British government limited Jewish immigration to Palestine with quotas, and following the rise of Nazism to power in Germany, illegal immigration to Palestine commenced. The illegal immigration was known as Aliyah Bet ("secondary immigration"), or Ha'apalah, and was organized by the Mossad Le'aliyah Bet, as well as by the Irgun. Immigration was done mainly by sea, and to a lesser extent overland through Iraq and Syria. During World War II and the years that followed until independence, Aliyah Bet became the main form of Jewish immigration to Palestine.
Following the war, Berihah ("flight"), an organization of former partisans and ghetto fighters was primarily responsible for smuggling Jews from Poland and Eastern Europe to the Italian ports from which they traveled to Palestine. Despite British efforts to curb the illegal immigration, during the 14 years of its operation, 110,000 Jews immigrated to Palestine. In 1945 reports of the Holocaust with its 6 million Jewish dead, caused many Jews in Palestine to turn openly against the British Mandate, and illegal immigration escalated rapidly as many Holocaust survivors joined the Aliyah.
Early statehood (1948–1950)[link]
Main article: Bricha
Aliyah 1948–2000: by numbers and by source
After Aliyah Bet, the process of numbering or naming individual aliyot ceased, but immigration did not. A major wave of immigration of over half a million Jews went to Israel between 1948 and 1950, many fleeing renewed persecution in Eastern Europe, and increasingly hostile Arab countries.
This period of immigration is often termed kibbutz galuyot (literally, ingathering of exiles), due to the large number of Jewish diaspora communities that made aliyah. However, kibbutz galuyot can also refer to aliyah in general.
Since the founding of the State of Israel, the Jewish Agency for Israel was mandated as the organization responsible for aliyah in the diaspora.[14]
Aliyah from Arab countries[link]
Main article: Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries
.jpg)
From 1948 until the early 1970s, around 900,000 Jews from Arab lands left, fled, or were expelled from various Arab nations.[15][16][17] In the course of Operation Magic Carpet (1949–1950), nearly the entire community of Yemenite Jews (about 49,000) immigrated to Israel. Most of them had never seen an airplane before, but they believed in the Biblical prophecy that according to the Book of Isaiah (40:31), God promised to return the children of Israel to Zion on "wings".
In three and a half years, the Jewish population of Israel had doubled, inflated by nearly 700,000 immigrants, which was one of the causes of the austerity. Huge numbers of Jewish refugees were temporarily settled in "cities of tents" called Ma'abarot. As the residents were gradually absorbed into Israeli society, the Ma'abarot were phased out.
Many Israeli immigrants were Sephardi and Mizrahi Jews who left Arab countries to move to Israel. In many of these cases they had been persecuted and sometimes forced to leave their homes. 114,000 Jews came from Iraq in 1951 in Operation Ezra and Nehemiah.
Aliyah from Iran[link]
See also: History of the Jews in Iran
Over 30,000 Iranian Jews immigrated to Israel following the Islamic Revolution. Most Iranian Jews, however, settled in the United States (especially in New York City and Los Angeles).
Ethiopian Aliyah[link]
Main article: Aliyah from Ethiopia
The massive airlift known as Operation Moses began to bring Ethiopian Jews to Israel on November 18, 1985 and ended on January 5, 1986. During those six weeks, some 6,500–8,000 Ethiopian Jews were flown from Sudan to Israel. An estimated 2,000–4,000 Jews died en route to Sudan or in Sudanese refugee camps. In 1991, Operation Solomon was launched to bring the Beta Israel Jews of Ethiopia. In one day, May 24, 34 aircraft landed at Addis Ababa and brought 14,325 Jews from Ethiopia to Israel. Since that time, Ethiopian Jews have continued to immigrate to Israel bringing the number of Ethiopian-Israelis today to over 100,000.
Aliyah from the Soviet Union and post-Soviet states[link]
Main articles: Aliyah from the Soviet Union in the 1970s and Russian Jewish immigration to Israel in the 1990s
| Year | Exit visas to Israel |
Olim from the USSR[18] |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 231 | 231 |
| 1969 | 3,033 | 3,033 |
| 1970 | 999 | 999 |
| 1971 | 12,897 | 12,893 |
| 1972 | 31,903 | 31,652 |
| 1973 | 34,733 | 33,277 |
| 1974 | 20,767 | 16,888 |
| 1975 | 13,363 | 8,435 |
| 1976 | 14,254 | 7,250 |
| 1977 | 16,833 | 8,350 |
| 1978 | 28,956 | 12,090 |
| 1979 | 51,331 | 17,278 |
| 1980 | 21,648 | 7,570 |
| 1981 | 9,448 | 1,762 |
| 1982 | 2,692 | 731 |
| 1983 | 1,314 | 861 |
| 1984 | 896 | 340 |
| 1985 | 1,140 | 348 |
| 1986 | 904 | 201 |
File:19730110 Soviet refuseniks demonstrate at MVD.jpg
Soviet authorities break up a demonstration of Jewish refuseniks in front of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the right to immigrate to Israel, January 10, 1973[19]
A mass emigration was politically undesirable for the Soviet regime. The only acceptable ground was family reunification, and a formal petition ("вызов", vyzov) from a relative from abroad was required for the processing to begin. Often, the result was a formal refusal. The risks to apply for an exit visa compounded because the entire family had to quit their jobs, which in turn would make them vulnerable to charges of social parasitism, a criminal offense. Because of these hardships, Israel set up the group Lishkat Hakesher in the early 1950s to maintain contact and promote aliyah with Jews behind the Iron Curtain.
In the wake of Israel's victory in the Six-Day War in 1967, the USSR broke off the diplomatic relations with the Jewish state. Anti-Zionist propaganda campaign in the state-controlled mass media and the rise of Zionology were accompanied by harsher discrimination of the Soviet Jews. By the end of 1960s, Jewish cultural and religious life in the Soviet Union had become practically impossible, and the majority of Soviet Jews were assimilated and non-religious, but this new wave of state-sponsored anti-Semitism on one hand, and the sense of pride for victorious Jewish nation over Soviet-armed Arab armies on the other, stirred up Zionist feelings.
After the Dymshits-Kuznetsov hijacking affair and the crackdown that followed, strong international condemnations caused the Soviet authorities to increase the emigration quota. In the years 1960–1970, the USSR let only 4,000 people leave; in the following decade, the number rose to 250,000.[18] Many of those allowed to leave to Israel chose other destinations, most notably the United States. In 1979 a record 71,000 Soviet Jews were granted exodus from the USSR, of whom only 12,117 immigrated to Israel. Since the dissolution of the USSR, over one million Soviet Jews have immigrated to Israel (See Jackson–Vanik amendment).
Latin American Aliyah[link]
Main article: Aliyah from Latin America in the 2000s
In the 1999–2002 Argentine political and economic crisis that caused a run on the banks, wiped out billions of dollars in deposits and decimated Argentina's middle class, most of the country's estimated 200,000 Jews were directly affected. Some 4,400 chose to start over and move to Israel, where they saw opportunity.
More than 10,000 Argentine Jews immigrated to Israel since 2000, joining the thousands of previous olim already there. The crisis in Argentina also affected its neighbour country Uruguay, from which over 500 Jews made aliyah in the same period. During 2002 and 2003 the Jewish Agency for Israel launched an intensive public campaign to promote aliyah from the region, and offered additional economic aid for immigrants from Argentina. Although the economy of Argentina improved, Jews continue to immigrate to Israel, albeit in smaller numbers than before.
There has also been aliyah from other Latin American countries that have experienced crises, though they have come in smaller numbers and are not eligible for the same economic benefits as Argentine olim.
In Venezuela, growing antisemitism in the country, including antisemitic violence, caused an increasing number of Jews to make aliyah during the first decade of the 21st century. For the first time in Venezuelan history, Jews began leaving for Israel in the hundreds. By November 2010, more than half of Venezuela's 20,000-strong Jewish community had left the country.[20]
French Aliyah[link]
See also: History of the Jews in France
From 2001 to 2005, 11,148 Jews made Aliyah from France, including a 35-year high in 2005, with 3,300 immigrants.[citation needed] With the start of the Second Intifada in Israel, anti-Semitic incidents became more frequent in France. In 2002, the Commission nationale consultative des droits de l'homme (Human Rights Commission) reported six times more anti-Semitic incidents than in 2001 (193 incidents in 2002). The commission's statistics showed that anti-Semitic acts constituted 62% of all racist acts in the country (compared to 45% in 2001 and 80% in 2000). The report documented 313 violent acts against people or property, including 38 injuries and the murder of one person with Jewish Maghrebin origins by Muslims. Since 2005, the number of acts dropped but is still at a significantly higher level than during the previous decade.[21][better source needed]
North American Aliyah[link]
See also: History of the Jews in the United States
Approximately 110,000 North American immigrants live in Israel. There has been a steady flow of olim from North America since Israel’s inception in 1948. Record numbers arrived in the late 1960s after the Six-Day War, and in the 1970s. Like Western European olim, North Americans tend to immigrate to Israel more for religious, ideological and political purposes, and not financial ones.[22]
Nefesh B'Nefesh, founded in 2002 by Rabbi Yehoshua Fass and Tony Gelbart, works to encourage Aliyah from North America and the UK by providing financial assistance, employment services and streamlined governmental procedures. Nefesh B’Nefesh works in cooperation with the Jewish Agency and the Israeli Government in increasing the numbers of North American and UK olim. Many immigrants began arriving in Israel after the First and Second Intifada, with a total of 3,052 arriving in 2005 — the highest number since 1983. In 2009, aliyah from North America was at its highest level in 36 years; a total of 3,324 North Americans immigrated to Israel.[23]
A group of students at Brandeis University founded Impact Aliyah in 2007 to support campus communities of student pre-olim and run pilot trips to Israel.
Following the Global Financial Crisis in the late 2000s, American Jewish immigration to Israel rose. This wave of immigration was triggered by Israel's lower unemployment rate, combined with financial incentives offered to new Jewish immigrants. In 2009, 4,000 American Jews made aliyah - the largest number in a single year since 1983.[24]
From the 1990s[link]
Since the mid 1990s, there has been a steady stream of South African Jews, American Jews, and French Jews who have either made aliyah, or purchased property in Israel for potential future immigration. Specifically, many French Jews have purchased homes in Israel as insurance due to the rising rate of anti-Semitism in France in recent years.[25][26][better source needed] The Bnei Menashe Jews from India, whose recent discovery and recognition by mainstream Judaism as descendants of the Ten Lost Tribes is subject to some controversy, slowly started their Aliyah in the early 1990s and continue arriving in slow numbers.[27] Organizations such as Nefesh B'Nefesh and Shavei Israel help with aliyah by supporting financial aid and guidance on a variety of topics such as finding work, learning Hebrew, and assimilation into Israeli culture.
In early 2007 Haaretz reported that aliyah for the year of 2006 was down approximately 9% from 2005. They state that: "Only 19,264 people immigrated to Israel in 2006, down nine percent from 2005. It is the lowest number of immigrants recorded since 1988"[28] The number of new immigrants in 2007 was 18,127, the lowest since 1988. Only 36% of these new immigrants came from the former Soviet Union (close to 90% in the 90's) while the number of immigrants from countries like France and USA is stable.[29] Some 15,452 immigrants arrived in Israel in 2008 and 16,465 in 2009.[30] Shalom Life reported that over 19,000 new immigrants arrived in Israel in 2010, an increase of 16 percent over 2009.[31]
Statistics[link]
The number of immigrants to Israel since its establishment in 1948 by country of birth is given in the table below.[32] For the period between 1919 and 1948, only the last continent of residence is available.[33]
| Region | 2010 | 2009 | 2000– 2008 |
1990– 1999 |
1980– 1989 |
1972– 1979 |
1961– 1971 |
1952– 1960 |
1948– 1951 |
1919– 1948 |
1882– 1918 |
Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 16,633 | 14,574 | 253,700 | 956,319 | 153,833 | 267,580 | 427,828 | 297,138 | 687,624 | 482,857 | 62,500 | 3,620,586 |
| Asia | 970 | 918 | 29,515 | 61,305 | 14,433 | 19,456 | 56,208 | 37,119 | 237,704 | 40,895 | 498,523 | |
| Iran | 52 | 61 | 1,673 | 0 | 8,487 | 9,550 | 19,502 | 15,699 | 21,910 | 76,934 | ||
| Afghanistan | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 57 | 132 | 516 | 1,106 | 2,303 | 4,127 | ||
| India/Pakistan | 58 | 40 | 1,185 | 1,717 | 1,539 | 3,497 | 13,110 | 5,380 | 2,176 | 28,702 | ||
| Turkey | 134 | 144 | 767 | 1,095 | 2,088 | 3,118 | 14,073 | 6,871 | 34,547 | 62,837 | ||
| Israel | 254 | 145 | 1,241 | 954 | 288 | 507 | 1,021 | 868 | 411 | 5,689 | ||
| Lebanon | 0 | 3 | 38 | 0 | 179 | 564 | 2,208 | 846 | 235 | 4,073 | ||
| Syria | 4 | 4 | 33 | 0 | 995 | 842 | 3,121 | 1,870 | 2,678 | 9,547 | ||
| China | 4 | 4 | 88 | 192 | 78 | 43 | 96 | 217 | 504 | 1,226 | ||
| Iraq | 5 | 5 | 209 | 0 | 111 | 939 | 3,509 | 2,989 | 123,371 | 131,138 | ||
| Yemen | 13 | 42 | 57 | 0 | 17 | 51 | 1,066 | 1,170 | 48,315 | 50,731 | ||
| Other | 30 | 17 | 192 | 7,362 | 594 | 213 | 349 | 103 | 1,254 | 10,114 | ||
| Soviet Union (Asia) | 412 | 452 | 24,019 | 49,524 | 74,407 | |||||||
| Africa | 2,557 | 1,128 | 34,634 | 48,558 | 28,664 | 19,273 | 164,885 | 143,485 | 93,282 | 4,041 | 540,507 | |
| Algeria | 186 | 159 | 1,837 | 1,317 | 1,830 | 2,137 | 12,857 | 3,433 | 3,810 | 27,566 | ||
| Ethiopia | 1,652 | 243 | 27,198 | 39,651 | 16,965 | 306 | 98 | 59 | 10 | 86,182 | ||
| South Africa | 266 | 319 | 1,473 | 2,918 | 3,575 | 5,604 | 3,783 | 774 | 666 | 19,378 | ||
| Libya | 5 | 5 | 32 | 0 | 66 | 219 | 2,466 | 2,079 | 30,972 | 35,844 | ||
| Egypt/Sudan | 26 | 20 | 146 | 176 | 352 | 535 | 2,963 | 17,521 | 16,024 | 37,763 | ||
| Morocco | 223 | 183 | 2,103 | 2,623 | 3,809 | 7,780 | 130,507 | 95,945 | 28,263 | 271,436 | ||
| Tunisia | 186 | 183 | 1,742 | 1,251 | 1,942 | 2,148 | 11,566 | 23,569 | 13,293 | 55,880 | ||
| Other | 13 | 16 | 103 | 888 | 125 | 544 | 645 | 105 | 244 | 2,683 | ||
| Europe | 9,465 | 8,966 | 154,247 | 812,079 | 70,898 | 183,419 | 162,070 | 106,305 | 332,802 | 377,381 | 2,217,632 | |
| Austria | 27 | 20 | 151 | 317 | 356 | 595 | 1,021 | 610 | 2,632 | 5,729 | ||
| Italy | 92 | 62 | 294 | 595 | 510 | 713 | 940 | 414 | 1,305 | 4,925 | ||
| Nordic countries | 39 | 44 | 288 | 1,071 | 1,178 | 903 | 886 | 131 | 85 | 4,625 | ||
| Bulgaria | 27 | 17 | 623 | 3,673 | 180 | 118 | 794 | 1,680 | 37,260 | 44,372 | ||
| Belgium | 169 | 129 | 736 | 891 | 788 | 847 | 1,112 | 394 | 291 | 5,357 | ||
| Soviet Union (Europe) | 6,746 | 6,496 | 131,206 | 772,239 | 29,754 | 137,134 | 29,376 | 13,743 | 8,163 | 1,134,857 | ||
| Germany | 116 | 89 | 940 | 2,150 | 1,759 | 2,080 | 3,175 | 1,386 | 8,210 | 19,905 | ||
| Netherlands | 43 | 56 | 337 | 926 | 1,239 | 1,170 | 1,470 | 646 | 1,077 | 6,964 | ||
| Hungary | 105 | 98 | 820 | 2,150 | 1,005 | 1,100 | 2,601 | 9,819 | 14,324 | 32,022 | ||
| Yugoslavia | 11 | 17 | 277 | 1,894 | 140 | 126 | 322 | 320 | 7,661 | 10,768 | ||
| Greece | 4 | 8 | 42 | 121 | 147 | 326 | 514 | 676 | 2,131 | 3,969 | ||
| United Kingdom | 523 | 578 | 3,157 | 4,851 | 7,098 | 6,171 | 6,461 | 1,448 | 1,907 | 32,194 | ||
| Spain | 35 | 16 | 151 | 242 | 321 | 327 | 406 | 169 | 80 | 1,747 | ||
| Poland | 60 | 60 | 943 | 2,765 | 2,807 | 6,218 | 14,706 | 39,618 | 106,414 | 173,591 | ||
| Czechoslovakia | 23 | 19 | 272 | 479 | 462 | 888 | 2,754 | 783 | 18,788 | 24,468 | ||
| France | 1,286 | 1,129 | 12,186 | 10,443 | 7,538 | 5,399 | 8,050 | 1,662 | 3,050 | 50,743 | ||
| Romania | 63 | 49 | 1,131 | 5,722 | 14,607 | 18,418 | 86,184 | 32,462 | 117,950 | 276,586 | ||
| Switzerland | 82 | 63 | 579 | 904 | 706 | 634 | 886 | 253 | 131 | 4,238 | ||
| Other | 14 | 16 | 114 | 646 | 303 | 252 | 412 | 91 | 1,343 | 3,191 | ||
| Americas/Oceania | 3,641 | 3,561 | 35,301 | 33,367 | 39,369 | 45,040 | 42,400 | 6,922 | 3,822 | 7,754 | 221,177 | |
| Australia/New Zealand | 103 | 93 | 472 | 1,017 | 959 | 1,275 | 833 | 120 | 119 | 4,991 | ||
| Uruguay | 92 | 81 | 1,640 | 724 | 2,014 | 2,199 | 1,844 | 425 | 66 | 9,085 | ||
| Central America | 55 | 56 | 775 | 125 | 8 | 104 | 129 | 43 | 17 | 1,312 | ||
| Argentina | 351 | 311 | 11,144 | 8,886 | 10,582 | 13,158 | 11,701 | 2,888 | 904 | 59,925 | ||
| United States | 2,071 | 2,129 | 13,271 | 15,480 | 18,904 | 20,963 | 18,671 | 1,553 | 1,711 | 94,753 | ||
| Brazil | 235 | 232 | 1,988 | 1,937 | 1,763 | 1,763 | 2,601 | 763 | 304 | 11,586 | ||
| Venezuela | 89 | 32 | 580 | 319 | 180 | 245 | 297 | 0 | 0 | 1,742 | ||
| Mexico | 137 | 123 | 569 | 916 | 993 | 861 | 736 | 168 | 48 | 4,551 | ||
| Paraguay | 7 | 3 | 71 | 21 | 62 | 73 | 210 | 42 | 0 | 489 | ||
| Chile | 45 | 63 | 643 | 521 | 1,040 | 1,180 | 1,790 | 401 | 48 | 5,731 | ||
| Colombia | 53 | 54 | 969 | 545 | 475 | 552 | 415 | 0 | 0 | 3,512 | ||
| Canada | 242 | 246 | 1,456 | 1,717 | 1,867 | 2,178 | 2,169 | 276 | 236 | 10,387 | ||
| Other | 161 | 138 | 1,723 | 1,159 | 522 | 500 | 1,125 | 91 | 327 | 5,746 | ||
| Not known | 0 | 0 | 3 | 419 | 469 | 394 | 911 | 3,307 | 20,014 | 52,786 | 78,303 |
See also[link]
- Ministry of Immigrant Absorption
- Law of Return
- Visa policy of Israel
- Galut
- Yerida
- Historical Jewish population comparisons
- Demographics of Israel
- Illegal immigration from Africa to Israel
References[link]
- ^ "Aliyah" - the word and its meaning
- ^ Israel Focus-Migration
- ^ Move On Up, The Forward
- ^ "ץראב םתושרתשהו א"רגה ידימלת". ץראב םתושרתשהו א"רגה ידימלת. Daat. 2008-08-02. http://www.daat.ac.il/daat/kitveyet/mahanaim/hagra.htm.
- ^ "עליית החסידים ההמונית לא"י". ץראב םתושרתשהו א"רגה ידימלת. Daat. 2008-08-02. http://www.daat.ac.il/daat/kitveyet/mahanaim/aliyat-2.htm.
- ^ The Jerusalem Cathedra: Studies in the History, Archaeology, Geography and Ethnography of the Land of Israel, "Aliya from Babylonia During the Amoraic Period (200–500 AD)", Joshua Schwartz, pp.58–69, ed. Lee Levine, 1983, Yad Izhak Ben Zvi & Wayne State University Press
- ^ The Jerusalem Cathedra: Studies in the History, Archaeology, Geography and Ethnography of the Land of Israel, "Aliya and Pilgrimage in the Early Arab Period (634–1009)", Moshe Gil, 1983, Yad Izhak Ben Zvi & Wayne State University Press
- ^ "יהדות הגולה והכמיהה לציון, 1840–1240". Tchelet. Tchelet. 2008-08-02. http://www.tchelet.org.il/article.php?id=203.
- ^ The Messiah brought the first immigrants
- ^ Morgenstern, Arie: Hastening Redemption: Messianism and the Resettlement of the Land of Israel Published in Hebrew, 1997, Jerusalem, Ma’or; Published in English, 2006, Oxford University Press
- ^ "The Real Israel Aliyah". Akiva M. Tripod. 2008-08-02. http://members.tripod.com/realaliyah/.
- ^ "Moving to Israel?". Jacob Richman. jr.com. 2008-08-02. http://www.jr.co.il/aliyah/.
- ^ Transfer Agreement
- ^ Knesset Rules of Procedure - PART A (2)
- ^ Schwartz, Adi (January 4, 2008). "All I Wanted was Justice". Haaretz. http://www.adi-schwartz.com/israeli-arab-conflict/all-i-wanted-was-justice/.
- ^ Malka Hillel Shulewitz, The Forgotten Millions: The Modern Jewish Exodus from Arab Lands, Continuum 2001, pp. 139 and 155.
- ^ Ada Aharoni "The Forced Migration of Jews from Arab Countries, Historical Society of Jews from Egypt website. Accessed February 1, 2009.
- ^ a b ИСТОРИЯ ИНАКОМЫСЛИЯ В СССР (The History of Dissident Movement in the USSR)(Russian) by Lyudmila Alexeyeva. Vilnius, 1992
- ^ "Aliyah". mfa. mfa.gov.il. 2008-08-02. http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/2000_2009/2002/10/Aliyah.
- ^ Shlomo Papirblat (November 20, 2010). "In Venezuela, remarks like 'Hitler didn't finish the job' are routine". Ha'aretz. http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/features/in-venezuela-remarks-like-hitler-didn-t-finish-the-job-are-routine-1.325667. Retrieved November 20, 2010. See also Gil Shefler (September 1, 2010). "Jewish community in Venezuela shrinks by half". The Jerusalem Post. http://www.jpost.com/JewishWorld/JewishNews/Article.aspx?id=186636. Retrieved November 20, 2010.
- ^ "Aliyah". ronnaliyah. Blogspot.com. 2008-08-02. http://www.ronnaliyah.blogspot.com/.
- ^ Waxman, Chaim. American Aliyah, Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1989. pg. 131-135
- ^ JTA Article: U.S. aliyah highest in 36 years
- ^ http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/news/not-just-zionism-lousy-economy-pushes-more-u-s-jews-to-move-to-israel-1.263995
- ^ USATODAY.com - As attacks rise in France, Jews flock to Israel
- ^ French Jews invest in old Tel Aviv neighborhood - Israel Money, Ynetnews
- ^ "Nefesh B Nefesh". nbn.com. 2008-08-02. http://www.nbn.org.il.
- ^ Aliyah sees 9% dip from 2005 by Moti Bassok
- ^ הודעות לעיתונות
- ^ 2010 Was a Very Good Year for Making Aliyah
- ^ Immigration to Israel increases by 17 percent in 2009
- ^ "Immigrants, by Period of Immigration, Country of Birth and Last Country of Residence" (in English, Hebrew). Statistical Abstract of Israel. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 26 September 2011. http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st04_04&CYear=2011. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ^ "Immigrants, by Period of Immigration and Last Continent of Residence" (in English, Hebrew). Statistical Abstract of Israel. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 26 September 2011. http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/shnaton/templ_shnaton_e.html?num_tab=st04_02&CYear=2011. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
Further reading[link]
- Ben-Gurion, David From Class to Nation: Reflections on the Vocation and Mission of the Labor Movement (Hebrew), Am Oved (1976)
- Migration To Israel: The Mythology of "Uniqueness", Judith T. Shuval
External links[link]
 |
Look up aliyah in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Immigration to Israel |
- Official website of the Jewish Agency for Israel
- Nefesh B'Nefesh Aliyah from North America & The United Kingdom
- Aliyaing.com A helpful guide on aliyah and its challenges written by olim for olim
- Professional Job Training In English for Olim at Lander Institute in Jerusalem
- Dispersion and the Longing for Zion, 1240–1840, by Arie Morgenstern
- Aliyah, aliyah website including articles, interviews, blog and information, hosted by Laura Ben-David, author of MOVING UP: An Aliyah Journal
- Israel tries to increase immigration
- Yossi Klein Halevi, The Historic Significance of American Aliya September 2003.
- Why make aliyah, information for aliyah, over 5,000 photos of olim arrivals
- Aliyah information site in Israel anglo-list.com
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
http://wn.com/Aliyah
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Aliyah
http://cs.wn.com/Alija
http://id.wn.com/Aliyah
http://es.wn.com/Aliyá
http://ru.wn.com/Алия (репатриация в Израиль)
http://nl.wn.com/Alia (jodendom)
http://pt.wn.com/Aliá
http://pl.wn.com/Alija
http://fr.wn.com/Alya
http://de.wn.com/Alija
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliyah
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the singer and actress. For her self-titled album, see Jennifer Hudson (album).
| Jennifer Hudson | |
|---|---|
 Hudson at the 83rd Academy Awards in 2011 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Jennifer Kate Hudson |
| Born | (1981-09-12) September 12, 1981 (age 30) Chicago, Illinois, United States |
| Genres | R&B, soul |
| Occupations | Singer, actress, spokesperson |
| Instruments | Vocals |
| Years active | 2004–present |
| Labels | RCA Records (2011–present)[1] Arista |
| Associated acts | Ne-Yo |
| Website | www.jenniferhudson.com |
| Film Awards | |
|---|---|
| Academy Awards | |
| 2006 | Best Supporting Actress |
| British Academy Film Awards | |
| 2006 | Best Actress in a Supporting Role |
| Golden Globe Awards | |
| 2006 | Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture |
| Screen Actors Guild Awards | |
| 2006 | Outstanding Female Actor in Supporting Role |
Jennifer Kate Hudson (born September 12, 1981) is an American recording artist, actress and spokesperson.[2] She came to prominence in 2004 as one of the finalists on the third season of American Idol, coming in seventh place. She made her film debut in the 2006 film Dreamgirls, which won her an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, a Golden Globe Award, a BAFTA Award, an NAACP Image Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award.
She won a Grammy Award for her eponymous debut album, Jennifer Hudson, which was released in 2008 on Arista Records and was certified gold by the RIAA for selling over 800,000 copies in the US; sales exceeded 1 million copies worldwide. Additionally, it spawned the hit single Spotlight. Her second album, I Remember Me, was released in March 2011, and reached number two on the Billboard 200, selling 165,000 copies in its first week of release.[3] The album was certified gold by the RIAA, for shipping over 500,000 copies in the US.[4]
In late 2008, after Hudson's mother, brother and nephew were killed in a shooting, Hudson stepped out of the limelight for three months. Hudson resumed her public appearances in 2009, and has since performed at the Super Bowl XLIII, the Grammy Awards, American Idol, and The Oprah Winfrey Show.[5] Hudson has been described as a friend of President Barack Obama, who invited her to appear with him at a fundraiser in Beverly Hills in May 2009.[6] She also performed at the White House at the "Celebration of Music from the Civil Rights Movement" event.[7] Her vocal range is mezzo-soprano.[8] Hudson has sold 1,280,000 albums and 2,237,000 tracks in the United States as of February 2012.[9]
Contents |
Early life and career[link]
Jennifer Hudson was born on September 12, 1981, in Chicago, Illinois.[10] She is the third and youngest child of Darnell Donnerson (November 7, 1950 – October 24, 2008)[11] and Samuel Simpson[12] (died 1999).[13] She was raised as a Baptist[14] in Englewood[15] and attended Dunbar Vocational High School, from which she graduated in 1999.[16] She cites Whitney Houston, Aretha Franklin, and Patti LaBelle as her overall biggest influences and inspiration.[17] At the age of 7, she got her start in performing by singing with the church choir and doing community theater with the help of her late maternal grandmother, Julia.[18] She enrolled at Langston University but she left after a semester due to homesickness and unhappiness with the weather, and signed up at Kennedy–King College.[19]
In January 2002, Hudson signed her first recording contract with Righteous Records, a Chicago-based independent record label. The company's president, David Johnson, and his staff put Jennifer through a full year of artist development, working five days a week on live performance, stage presence, songwriting, on-camera interviewing, charm school etiquette and physical fitness. She was released from her five-year contract with Righteous Records so that she could appear on American Idol in 2004, but Jennifer credits David Johnson with teaching her "so much" and preparing her for the successful career she is enjoying today.
[edit] American Idol (2004)
Hudson auditioned for the third season of American Idol, in Atlanta, commenting that she had been singing on Disney Cruise Lines (aboard the Disney Wonder) for the past few months (as one of the Muses from Hercules); and contestant judge Randy Jackson said, "We're expecting more than a cruise ship performance from you."[citation needed] Hudson received the highest number of votes in the "Top 9" after her performance of Elton John's "Circle of Life" on April 6, 2004, but two weeks later was eliminated during the "Top 7" show after performing Barry Manilow's, "Weekend in New England." The bottom three consisting of three African-American females led to controversy.[20][21] In May 2009, MTV listed Hudson as the sixth greatest American Idol and noted her exit was the most shocking of all time.[22] In May 2010, the Los Angeles Times claimed Hudson to be the third greatest Idol contestant in the history of the show, placing behind season one winner Kelly Clarkson and season four winner Carrie Underwood.[23]
Performances
| Theme week | Song sung | Artist | Date sung | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audition | Share Your Love With Me | Aretha Franklin | – | Advanced |
| Hollywood | [N/A] | [N/A] | – | Advanced |
| Semifinals | Imagine | John Lennon | February 10, 2004 | Eliminated |
| Wild Card | I Believe in You and Me | Four Tops Whitney Houston |
March 9, 2004 | Selected |
| Top 12 Soul Music Week |
Baby, I Love You | Aretha Franklin | March 16, 2004 | Bottom 2 |
| Top 11 Country Week |
No One Else on Earth | Wynonna Judd | March 23, 2004 | Safe |
| Top 10 Motown Week |
(Love Is Like A) Heat Wave | Martha and the Vandellas | March 30, 2004 | Bottom 2 |
| Top 9 Songs of Elton John |
Circle of Life | Elton John | April 6, 2004 | Safe Highest Number of Votes |
| Top 8 Songs of the Cinema |
I Have Nothing from The Bodyguard | Whitney Houston | April 14, 2004 | Safe |
| Top 7 Songs of Barry Manilow |
Weekend in New England | Barry Manilow | April 20, 2004 | Eliminated |
[edit] Dreamgirls (2006-2007)
In September 2006, Hudson performed the song, "Over It," live on Fox Chicago Morning News. In the interview she stated the song would be included on her debut album, to be released in early 2007, however this was before she was signed to a record label.[24] In November 2006, Hudson signed a record deal with Arista Records.[25] On The Oprah Winfrey Show, Hudson announced plans to enter the studio in March 2007.[citation needed] Hudson said on The Tyra Banks Show, on February 23, 2007, that she just finished the first song for the album.[citation needed] Hudson also recorded a song called, "Stand Up", which was available for preview on her fan website which was produced by Chicago natives Earl Powell and Herman Little III, who arranged the song.[citation needed] The power-ballad would later become available on the deluxe edition of Hudson's self-titled album as a bonus track.
In November 2005, Hudson was cast in the role of Effie White for the film adaptation of the musical Dreamgirls, which also starred Jamie Foxx, Beyoncé Knowles and Eddie Murphy. The role, originally created in a Broadway performance by Jennifer Holliday,[citation needed] marked Hudson's debut screen performance. She won the role over hundreds of professional singers and actresses, including Raven-Symoné and Fantasia Barrino.[26] Filming of Dreamgirls began on January 9, 2006, and the film went into limited release on December 25, 2006, and national release on January 12, 2007. Hudson has won particular praise for her show-stopping onscreen rendition of the hit song, "And I Am Telling You I'm Not Going", the signature song of the role, which had earlier been recorded, and had already reached the status of musical standard, because of the definitive performance of Jennifer Holliday. The New York Observer described Hudson's performance of the song as "five mellifluous, molto vibrato minutes that have suddenly catapulted Ms. Hudson... into the position of front-runner for the best supporting actress Oscar".[27] Newsweek said that when moviegoers hear Hudson sing the song, she, "is going to raise goose bumps across the land."[28] Variety magazine wrote that Hudson's performance "calls to mind debuts like Barbra Streisand in Funny Girl or Bette Midler in The Rose, with a voice like the young Aretha".[29] Hudson's version of "And I Am Telling You I'm Not Going" debuted at number 98 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the January 13, 2007, issue.[citation needed] The Dreamgirls track became Hudson's first top 10 hit on the Billboard Hot Adult R&B Airplay chart on February 24, 2007.[citation needed] "Love You I Do" was nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Original Song and won the 2008 Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media.
As Effie White, Hudson has garnered 29 awards from film critics as Best Supporting Actress and Breakthrough Performer of 2006. She won the Golden Globe Award as Best Actress in a Supporting Role. In addition, she has been named Best Supporting Actress by the Broadcast Film Critics Association and also by the Screen Actors Guild. After seeing Hudson's performance in Dreamgirls, Simon Cowell taped a congratulatory message to her, which aired on The Oprah Winfrey Show.[30] With the March 2007 issue, Jennifer Hudson became the third African-American celebrity, and the first African-American singer, to grace the cover of Vogue magazine.[31] On 11 February 2007 the 60th British Academy Film Awards were held in London, but Hudson was not there to accept her award for BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actress. The BAFTA Award went missing and Hudson did not receive her award until April 22, 2011, when it was presented to on the Graham Norton Show. On February 25, 2007, she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in the film. During her acceptance speech, Hudson said: "Oh, my God, I have to just take this moment in. I cannot believe this. Look what God can do. I didn't think I was going to win. [...] If my grandmother was here to see me now. She was my biggest inspiration." She also concluded her speech by thanking Jennifer Holliday.[32] Later in 2007, the Mayor of her home town Chicago, Richard M. Daley, declared March 6 as "Jennifer Hudson Day".[33][34] She was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences on June 18, along with 115 other individuals for 2007.[35][36] Entertainment Weekly put her performance on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list, saying, "Sure, Beyoncé's performance was great. And Eddie Murphy's was impressive. But there was really only one reason we all rushed to see 2006's Dreamgirls: Jennifer Hudson's soul-to-the-rafters rendition of the classic 'And I'm Telling You I'm Not Going'. When she sang 'You're gonna love me,' it wasn't just a lyric — it was a fact."[37]
[edit] Winnie (2008)
In May 2008, Hudson appeared in the feature film Sex and the City as Louise, Carrie Bradshaw's assistant. Filming finished in December 2007 and the movie was released on May 30, 2008.[38] In October 2008, Hudson had her third film appearance in The Secret Life of Bees as Rosaleen, the mother figure of Lily Owens (Dakota Fanning). Also starring in the film are fellow Oscar nominees Queen Latifah and Sophie Okonedo, as well as Alicia Keys. The film opened on October 17, 2008, and grossed over $37 million at the box office. The film won two People's Choice Awards in January 2009 in the categories, Favorite Drama Movie and Favorite Independent Movie.[citation needed] The film also received nine Black Reel Awards nominations including three wins.[citation needed] Hudson was nominated for her performance in the film, but lost to Queen Latifah.[citation needed] The film also received eight nominations at the 2009 NAACP Image Awards, including a nomination for Hudson for her performance.[citation needed] In 2009, Hudson starred as Kathy Archenault in Fragments, a film based on the novel by Roy Freirich, with Dakota Fanning and Forest Whitaker. The name of the film was changed from "Winged Creatures" to "Fragments".[citation needed] It was released on DVD on August 4, 2009. In 2010, Hudson started filming an upcoming biopic film Winnie[39] based on the South African politician Winnie Mandela[39] starring alongside Terrence Howard and directed by Darrell J. Roodt.[40] Andre Pieterse and Roodt and Paul L. Johnson based the film's script on Anne Marie du Preez Bezdrob's biography, Winnie Mandela: A Life.[41] The Creative Workers Union of South Africa have opposed this choice, stating they will push for a moratorium on the film if the casting is not reversed.[42] Winnie Mandela has threatened legal action over this film, claiming she was not "consulted" about the film.[43] Winnie was scheduled to be released in December 2011; the trailer was released in 2010.[40]
In January 2008 Hudson returned to the studio to record new material for her debut album.[citation needed] Her label was reportedly unhappy with the direction they were sending Hudson musically and decided it would be best to scrap the older songs and instead focus on new ones.[citation needed] Hudson worked with Ryan Tedder and Timbaland on a number of songs. Her debut single, "Spotlight" was released on June 10, 2008 and became Hudson's first top 40 hit peaking at number 24 on the Billboard Hot 100 and became a top 20 hit in the United Kingdom and Turkey. Her debut album, Jennifer Hudson was released on September 30, 2008 on Arista and was written by Ne-Yo, who co-produced along with Stargate. Additional contributors on the album include Timbaland, Missy Elliott, Robin Thicke, Harvey Mason, Jr., Diane Warren, Earl Powell, and Christopher "Tricky" Stewart, among others.[44] The album debuted at number two on the Billboard' 200 with 217,000 copies in the US and opened to positive reviews. As of August 2009, the album has sold 739,000 copies in the US, receiving a Gold certification for surpassing sales of 500,000. She has performed the song, "All Dressed in Love" for the Sex and the City soundtrack, which was released on May 27, 2008.[45] Hudson performed the national anthem at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. The album's second single was to be released in October 2008, and was originally set to be "My Heart" before "If This Isn't Love" was chosen as the official second single.[citation needed] After three of her family members were brutally murdered, the single was rescheduled for a January 2009 release.[citation needed] However, in January 2009, her label decided to postpone the release of the second single once more until, choosing a February 2009 release date.[citation needed] After the release of "If This Isn't Love", the single eventually peaked at number 63 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 37 on the UK Singles Chart. The third single was announced as "Pocketbook" featuring Ludacris in April 2009, for a June 2009 release, despite speculation that the third single would be "My Heart" after it was canceled as the second single.[citation needed] In May 2009, "Pocketbook" was canceled as the third single due to negative reception from fans and critics alike.[citation needed] The third single was then rescheduled as "Giving Myself" and was released on June 2, 2009 to the US. Her debut album garnered Hudson three nominations at the 2009 Grammy Awards; Best Female R&B Vocal Performance for "Spotlight", Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals for "I'm His Only Woman" with Fantasia Barrino, and Best R&B Album for Jennifer Hudson. She won the last of these and performed at the awards ceremony.[46]
Family murders[link]
 |
Wikinews has related news: |
In October 2008, Hudson's 57-year-old mother, Darnell Donnerson, and 29-year-old brother, Jason, were found shot to death inside the Chicago home Donnerson shared with Hudson's elder sister, Julia.[47] An AMBER Alert was issued for 7-year-old nephew, Julian King, when Julia reported him missing.[48][49] Chicago police arrested William Balfour, 27, the estranged husband of Hudson's sister Julia the same day, but he was not charged with a crime.[50] Balfour was on parole after spending nearly seven years in prison for attempted murder, vehicular hijacking and possession of a stolen vehicle. The Illinois Department of Corrections' records revealed one of Balfour's addresses to be the home where Donnerson and Jason were murdered.[51]
Three days later the Federal Bureau of Investigation confirmed the body found in Chicago's West Side area in a vehicle that matched the license plate and the vehicle's description given in the AMBER Alert was Julian King.[52][53][54] Autopsy reports indicated that the death was due to "multiple gunshot wounds".[55] A gun, belonging to Jason and missing for several months, was found in a West Side vacant lot and confirmed to be the murder weapon by Chicago police Superintendent Jody Weis on October 31, 2008. Funeral services for the three victims were held on November 3, followed by a private service at Chicago's South Side Apostolic Church of God on November 10. Hudson's family announced creation of The Hudson-King Foundation for Families of Slain Victims, in honor of the three victims.[56]
Because he had not yet been officially charged with the murders, Balfour appeared without an attorney at a parole violation hearing November 10 where it was decided he violated parole and should be held in custody until a December 3 hearing before the full Illinois Prisoner Review Board.[57][58][59][60][61][62] Balfour became the prime suspect on December 1 and was transferred to police custody. Balfour was officially charged with three counts of first degree murder, one count of home invasion and was denied bail.[63] He was indicted for the murders on December 30, 2008, and pleaded not guilty in January 2009.[64][65] In May the jury began deliberations and the judge sequestered the jury after five hours.[66] On May 11, 2012, Balfour was convicted on all seven counts against him, which include three counts of first-degree murder, one count of home invasion, one count aggravated kidnapping, one count residential burglary, and one count possession of a stolen motor vehicle.[67]
[edit] Jennifer Hudson (2009)
In February 2009, Hudson made her first public appearance since the murders when she sang the Star-Spangled Banner at Super Bowl XLIII.[68][69][70] She toured the United States with Robin Thicke in 2009.[71] In early May 2009, Hudson suffered "throat fatigue" and had to reschedule her May 16–19, 2009, tour dates.[72] She sang "Will You Be There" at the Michael Jackson memorial service in July 2009.[73] Hudson recorded "Neither One of Us (Wants to Be the First to Say Goodbye)," originally by Gladys Knight & the Pips, for American Idol Season 3: Greatest Soul Classics — the official American Idol album for the third season. She is featured in a duet, "The Future Ain't What It Used to Be," on Meat Loaf's Bat out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose. She also performed the song "Easy to be Hard" on the Actors' Fund benefit recording of the musical Hair;[citation needed] and she is featured on Ne-Yo's second album, Because of You, on the track, "Leaving Tonight". Hudson sang "Dancing a Catchy Rhythm" with Brooke White.[citation needed] Hudson performed a Christmas special on ABC in December 2009 called Jennifer Hudson: I'll Be Home for Christmas. During the special, she relived her childhood Christmases with musical performances filmed at her favorite locations in her native Chicago. Hudson also visited family members, friends and other childhood influences during the broadcast.[74] On January 22, 2010, Hudson appeared on the telethon "Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief", performing the Beatles' "Let it Be". The telecast generated $61 million in donations as of January 26, 2010.[75] Also, that year, Hudson recorded the song "One Shining Moment" for the 2010 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament.
In 2010 Hudson became the spokesperson for Weight Watchers.[2][76] She has lost 56 pounds (25 kg) in the last year and "does not want to lose any more weight."[77] However, on February 10, 2011, she appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show and revealed she has now lost a total of 80 pounds.[78] Her 2012 autobiography, I Got This: How I Changed My Ways and Lost What Weighed Me Down, detailed her weight loss.[79][80][81]
[edit] I Remember Me (2011-present)
Early in the album I Remember Me's development, Ne-Yo told E! Online that Hudson was ready to get personal on her second studio album and that he might be producing the album. He said "She's gone through a lot over the last year, so she has a lot to talk about," he continues. "She's definitely gotten stronger. The things that she's gone through and for her to still be upbeat and happy, it's amazing."[82] Hudson released her second studio album I Remember Me on March 22, 2011. It debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 selling 165,000 copies in its first week of release.[83] On January 24, 2011 Hudson premiered the album's lead single "Where You At".[84] It was written by R.Kelly and produced by Harvey Mason, Jr.[85] The song went for radio adds that same week.[86] On February 3, 2011 due to radio adds the single made its debut on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart at number 53,[87][clarification needed] having so far reached a peak of number 10.[88] The music video premiered on BET's 106 & Park and through Vevo in February 2011.[89][90] "No One Gonna Love You" impacted on Urban adult contemporary radio in the United States in May 2011. A remix bundle titled "No One Gonna Love You-The Remixes" was released as a digital download in the US and the UK in July 2011.[91][92][93] The song has reached number 23 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.[94] The third U.S. single will be "I Got This".[95] The non-single track "Don't Look Down" reached number 70 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.[96]
Hudson played a nun in the Farrelly brothers 2012 film The Three Stooges.[97]
The day after the death of Whitney Houston, Hudson paid tribute to her by singing Houston's iconic "I Will Always Love You" during the 54th Grammy Awards held February 12, 2012 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles.[98]
Personal life[link]
Hudson began dating James Payton in 1999, when she was 18.[99] They separated in late 2007. Hudson met David Otunga, a professional wrestler in the WWE and a Harvard Law graduate,[100][101][102] and the couple became engaged in September 2008.[103] In August 2009, Hudson gave birth to her first child, a boy named David Daniel Otunga Jr.[104]
Discography[link]
Main article: Jennifer Hudson discography
- Jennifer Hudson (2008)
- I Remember Me (2011)
Filmography[link]
Hudson has appeared in the following film releases:[105]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | Dreamgirls | Effie White |
|
| 2008 | Sex and the City | Louise | |
| 2008 | Secret Life of Bees, TheThe Secret Life of Bees | Rosaleen Daise |
|
| 2009 | Fragments | Kathy Archenault | |
| 2011 | Winnie | Winnie Mandela | |
| 2012 | The Three Stooges | Sister Rosemary |
Awards and nominations[link]
| Year | Award | Category | Nominated Work | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | ShoWest | Female Star of Tomorrow | Dreamgirls | Won |
| Satellite Awards | Best Actress in a Supporting Role | Won | ||
| National Board of Review of Motion Pictures | Best Female Breakthrough Performance | Won | ||
| Los Angeles Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actress | Nominated | ||
| New York Film Critics Circle | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| New York Film Critics Online | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Breakthrough Performer | Won | |||
| Hollywood Life Awards | Breakthrough of the Year | Won | ||
| Southeastern Film Critics Association Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Washington, DC Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Best Breakthrough Performance | Won | |||
| African-American Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Palm Springs International Film Festival | Breakthrough Performance | Won | ||
| Las Vegas Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Florida Film Critics Circle Awards | Pauline Kael Breakout | Won | ||
| Oklahoma Film Critics Circle Award | Breakout Performance | Won | ||
| 2007 | The National Society of Film Critics | Best Supporting Actress | Nominated | |
| St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Austin Film Critics Association | Breakout Artist | Won | ||
| Broadcast Film Critics Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Golden Globe Awards | Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture | Won | ||
| Screen Actors Guild | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Best Ensemble in a Motion Picture | Nominated | |||
| NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture | Won | ||
| British Academy Film Awards | Actress in a Supporting Role | Won | ||
| Central Ohio Film Critics Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Black Reel Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Won | ||
| Best Breakthrough Performance | Won | |||
| Academy Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role | Won | ||
| Soul Train Awards | Sammy Davis Jr. Award for Entertainer of the Year | Won | ||
| MTV Movie Awards | Best Performance | Nominated | ||
| BET Awards | Best Female R&B Artist | Nominated | ||
| Best Actress | Dreamgirls | Won | ||
| Best New Artist | Won | |||
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie Actress: Drama | Dreamgirls | Won | |
| Choice Movie Actress (Breakout) | Nominated | |||
| 2008 | Vibe Music Awards | VHollywood Award | Nominated | |
| Black Reel Awards | Best Actress | The Secret Life of Bees | Nominated | |
| Best Ensemble | Nominated | |||
| Grammy Awards | Best Compilation Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | Dreamgirls: Music from the Motion Picture | Nominated | |
| 2009 | Best R&B Album | Jennifer Hudson | Won | |
| Best Female R&B Vocal Performance | Spotlight | Nominated | ||
| Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals | I'm His Only Woman featuring Fantasia Barrino | Nominated | ||
| NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding New Artist | Won | ||
| Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture | The Secret Life of Bees | Nominated | ||
| Outstanding Female Artist | Nominated | |||
| Outstanding Duo, Group or Collaboration | I'm His Only Woman featuring Fantasia Barrino | Won | ||
| Outstanding Music Video | Spotlight | Nominated | ||
| Outstanding Song | Nominated | |||
| Outstanding Album | Jennifer Hudson | Won | ||
| BET Awards | Best Female R&B Artist | Nominated | ||
| Best Actress | The Secret Life of Bees | Nominated | ||
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice Music: R&B Artist | Nominated | ||
| Choice Music: R&B Track | If This Isn't Love | Nominated | ||
| Soul Train Awards | Best R&B/Soul Female Artist | Nominated | ||
| Song of the Year | Spotlight | Nominated | ||
| 2010 | People's Choice Awards | Favorite R&B Artist | Nominated | |
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice American Idol Alum | Nominated | ||
| 2011 | BET Awards | Best Female R&B Artist[106] | Nominated | |
| 2012 | NAACP Image Awards[107] | Outstanding Female Artist | Nominated | |
| Outstanding Music Video | Where You At | Won | ||
| Outstanding Album | I Remember Me | Won | ||
| Billboard Music Awards | Top R&B Album[108] | I Remember Me | Nominated |
See also[link]
Wikipedia books: Jennifer Hudson
References[link]
- ^ "RCA's Peter Edge, Tom Corson on the Shuttering of Jive, J and Arista" October 07, 2011, Billboard.biz
- ^ a b Tan, Michelle (April 1, 2010). "Jennifer Hudson Is the New Face–and Body!–of Weight Watchers". People. http://stylenews.peoplestylewatch.com/2010/04/01/jennifer-hudson-is-weight-watchers-new-face/.
- ^ "Album Charts: Chris Brown Earns First Billboard 200 #1 With 'F.A.M.E.' " Published 03/31/2011, Ballerstatus.com
- ^ "Recording Industry Association of America". RIAA. http://riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?content_selector=gold-platinum-searchable-database. Retrieved 2012-02-23.
- ^ "J-Hud to sing Friday on Oprah's show". Access Hollywood. February 24, 2009. http://www.accesshollywood.com/jennifer-hudson-to-perform-on-oprah_article_14860.
- ^ "L.A. Now". Los Angeles Times. May 27, 2009. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2009/05/obama-visit-.html. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson: Bringing Down the House". vogue.com. http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/jennifer-hudson-bringing-down-the-house/. Retrieved 2011-08-03.
- ^ Top 24 'American Idol' Of All-Time
- ^ "Person: Jennifer Hudson: Biography". Allmovie. http://allmovie.com/artist/jennifer-hudson-454405/bio. Retrieved July 8, 2009.
- ^ "Social Security Death Index". Ssdi.rootsweb.ancestry.com. July 15, 2010. http://ssdi.rootsweb.ancestry.com. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ Hoekstra, Dave (December 16, 2006). "Living the dream". Chicago Sun-Times (Sun-Times Media Group). http://www.suntimes.com/entertainment/175911,sho-cst-dream17.article. Retrieved July 8, 2009.
- ^ "Yahoo Biography". Movies.yahoo.com. http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1808690669/bio. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ The Associated Press (February 20, 2007). "For Oscar nominee Jennifer Hudson, all roads lead back to church: 'I don't do clubs'". International Herald Tribute. http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/02/20/arts/NA-A-E-CEL-US-People-Hudson.php. Retrieved September 13, 2008.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson 1981-". Biography Today (Omnigraphics, Inc.) 17 (1): 50. 2007. ISSN 1058-2347.
- ^ "Chicago fetes hometowner Jennifer Hudson". Chinadaily.com.cn. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/entertainment/2007-03/07/content_821386.htm. Retrieved 2011-08-02.
- ^ World Entertainment News Network (February 7, 2008). "Dreamgirls Star Hudson Dreams Of Houston Duet". Teen Music. http://www.teenmusic.com/d/142059/1020/dreamgirls-star-hudson-dreams-of-houston-duet.html. Retrieved September 11, 2007.
- ^ Biography Today, p. 50.
- ^ Biography Today, p. 51.
- ^ "'Idol' Jennifer Hudson Says She Was Robbed". MTV. April 23, 2004. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1486564/20040423/id_1235723.jhtml. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
- ^ Silverman, Stephen M. (November 8, 2008). "Jennifer Hudson Moves to 'Better Place'". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,631910,00.html. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
- ^ May 21 2009, The 10 Greatest 'American Idol' Contestants Of All Time: Latest champ Kris Allen didn't make our list, but you might be surprised by who did. James Montgomery, MTV. [2]
- ^ Shirley Halperin (May 31, 2010). "The ultimate 'American Idol' power ranking: 120 contestants on, Kelly Clarkson still reigns supreme". Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/americanidoltracker/2010/05/the-ultimate-american-idol-power-ranking-after-9-seasons-and-120-contestants-kelly-clarkson-still-re.html. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson sings 'Over It'". YouTube. September 7, 2005. http://youtube.com/watch?v=OyUicGJgyGM. Retrieved July 9, 2006.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson signs with Clive Davis". msnbc.com. November 21, 2006. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/15841783/ns/today-entertainment/t/jennifer-hudson-signs-clive-davis/#.TyefEFxSQ9U. Retrieved February 1, 2012.
- ^ Susan Wloszczyna (November 16, 2005). "'Idol' finalist Hudson lands lead in 'Dreamgirls' film". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2005-11-16-hudson-dreamgirls_x.htm. Retrieved September 11, 2007.
- ^ Vilkomerson, Sara (December 3, 2006). "Dreamgirls Wakes Up". The New York Observer. http://www.observer.com/node/52981. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
- ^ "Hudson steals ‘Dreamgirls,’ flirts with Oscar". MSNBC. December 11, 2006. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16056454/. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
- ^ Pollan, Michael (December 22, 2006). "The Best of 2006: Jennifer Hudson's rendition of "And I Am Telling You"". Culturekitchen.com. http://www.darriafilm.com/liza/blog/the_best_of_2006_jennifer_hudsons_rendition_of_and. Retrieved November 9, 2008. [dead link]
- ^ Ruben V. Nepales (January 17, 2007). "Golden Globe winners have ties, memories of RP". Global Nation. http://globalnation.inquirer.net/news/news/view_article.php?article_id=43821. Retrieved September 11, 2007.
- ^ WENN (February 13, 2007). "Hudson Makes History with 'Vogue' Cover". Hollywood. http://www.hollywood.com/news/Hudson_Makes_History_with_Vogue_Cover/3657023. Retrieved September 11, 2007.
- ^ "'Dreamgirl' Jennifer Hudson Wins Oscar". News Max. February 26, 2007. http://newsmax.com/archives/articles/2007/2/25/230344.shtml. Retrieved September 13, 2008.
- ^ "In brief: Chicago celebrates Jennifer Hudson Day". The Guardian (London). March 7, 2007. http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2007/mar/07/news5. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
- ^ "City honours actress with own day". BBC News, Wednesday. March 7, 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6426135.stm.
- ^ Associated Press (June 19, 2007). "Film Academy Invites 115 New Members". abc7. http://abclocal.go.com/kabc/story?section=entertainment&id=5400194. Retrieved September 13, 2008.
- ^ Leslie Unger (June 18, 2007). "Academy Invites 115 to Become Members". Oscars. Archived from the original on December 24, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071224094334/http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2007/07.06.18.html. Retrieved September 13, 2008.
- ^ Geier, Thom; Jensen, Jeff; Jordan, Tina; Lyons, Margaret; Markovitz, Adam; Nashawaty, Chris; Pastorek, Whitney; Rice, Lynette; Rottenberg, Josh; Schwartz, Missy; Slezak, Michael; Snierson, Dan; Stack, Tim; Stroup, Kate; Tucker, Ken; Vary, Adam B.; Vozick-Levinson, Simon; Ward, Kate (December 11, 2009), "THE 100 Greatest MOVIES, TV SHOWS, ALBUMS, BOOKS, CHARACTERS, SCENES, EPISODES, SONGS, DRESSES, MUSIC VIDEOS, AND TRENDS THAT ENTERTAINED US OVER THE PAST 10 YEARS". Entertainment Weekly. (1079/1080):74-84
- ^ Leslie Simmons (September 11, 2007). "Hudson moves to 'Sex and the City' movie". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071012164116/http://hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/news/e3iff4aa14eba3699af39efe7af7e997eb3. Retrieved September 11, 2007.
- ^ a b "Winnie – Jennifer Hudson and Terrence Howard". Myweku.com. November 18, 2010. http://www.myweku.com/2010/11/jennifer-hudson-and-terrence-howard-winnie-trailer/. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ a b "Jennifer Hudson Interview on Winnie, Weight Loss, New Album, More". The Daily Beast. February 20, 2011. http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2011-02-20/jennifer-hudson-interview-on-winnie-weight-loss-new-album-more/. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ Fleming, Michael (November 17, 2009). "Jennifer Hudson to star in 'Winnie'". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118011521.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ "South African actors 'want Hudson out of Mandela film'". American Free Press. December 7, 2009. http://movies.yahoo.com/feature/afp-south-africa-jennifer-hudson.html. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ Berger, Sebastien (January 26, 2010). "Winnie Mandela threatens legal action over film". Daily Telegraph (UK). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/southafrica/7079001/Winnie-Mandela-threatens-legal-action-over-film.html. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ Jonathan Cohen (May 19, 2008). "Debut Jennifer Hudson Album Due In September". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003805070. Retrieved September 13, 2008.
- ^ Wilson Morales (May 7, 2008). "Sex and the City: The Movie". Black Film. http://www.blackfilm.com/20080502/features/jenniferhudson.shtml. Retrieved September 13, 2008.
- ^ "Carrie Underwood and Jennifer Hudson to perform at Grammy Awards". http://www.realitytvworld.com/news/carrie-underwood-and-jennifer-hudson-perform-at-grammy-awards-8302.php.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson's Mom, Brother Shot to Death". KLTA news. October 24, 2008. http://www.ktla.com/landing_topstories/?Jennifer-Hudsons-Mom-Brother-Shot-to-Dea=1&blockID=117236&feedID=1198. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
- ^ "Mother, brother of Jennifer Hudson killed". ABC Local. October 24, 2008. http://abclocal.go.com/wabc/story?section=news/local&id=6468948. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
- ^ Gorner, Jeremy; Heinzmann, David; Janega, James; Rozas, Angela (October 24, 2008). "Sources: Jennifer Hudson relative slain; child missing". Chicago Tribune. http://www.chicagobreakingnews.com/2008/10/double-homicide-on-south-side.html. Retrieved October 24, 2008.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson | Hudson Murder Suspect Arrested, Star's Nephew Still Missing". Contactmusic. 2008-10-25. http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/article/hudson%20murder%20suspect%20arrested%20stars%20nephew%20still%20missing_1084649. Retrieved 2011-08-02.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson's nephew missing after slayings". Webcitation.org. http://www.webcitation.org/5cFLAoUOb. Retrieved 2012-05-06.
- ^ "Body found in SUV linked to Hudson shootings". CNN. October 27, 2008. http://www.cnn.com/2008/CRIME/10/27/illinois.shootings.hudson/index.html. Retrieved October 27, 2008.
- ^ Shenoy, Rupa (October 27, 2008). "Body found in SUV, unknown if it's Hudson's nephew". Google. http://www.webcitation.org/5cFLHFCza. Retrieved October 27, 2008.
- ^ Tareen, Sophia (October 27, 2008). "FBI says body found is that of Hudson's nephew, 7". news.yahoo.com. http://www.webcitation.org/5cFLMOEPA. Retrieved October 27, 2008.
- ^ "Autopsy: Hudson nephew shot multiple times". CNN. October 28, 2008. http://www.cnn.com/2008/CRIME/10/28/illinois.shootings.hudson/index.html#cnnSTCText. Retrieved November 9, 2008. [dead link]
- ^ Perry, Beth (October 30, 2008). "Jennifer Hudson Announces Foundation for Murder Victim Families". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20236848,00.html?xid=rss-topheadlines. Retrieved October 30, 2008.
- ^ "Parole hearing set for suspect in Hudson deaths". Associated Press. November 8, 2008. http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/C/CHICAGO_BODIES_HUDSON?SITE=DEWIL&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT. Retrieved November 10, 2008. [dead link]
- ^ Babwin, Don (November 10, 2008). "Man questioned in Hudson case to stay in prison". Associated Press. http://www.webcitation.org/5cFIUuyhL. Retrieved November 10, 2008.
- ^ "Man questioned in Hudson case, parolee William Balfour, to stay in prison". Daily News. November 10, 2008. http://www.nydailynews.com/news/us_world/2008/11/10/2008-11-10_man_questioned_in_hudson_case_parolee_wi.html. Retrieved November 10, 2008.
- ^ "Illinois: Suspect in Hudson Killings Is Still Held". The New York Times. November 10, 2008. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/11/us/11brfs-SUSPECTINHUD_BRF.html?ref=us. Retrieved November 10, 2008.
- ^ "Suspect in Hudson slayings to remain in jail". Channel NewsAsia. November 10, 2008. http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/entertainment/view/389058/1/.html. Retrieved November 10, 2008.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson's family murder latest". China Daily. November 11, 2008. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/showbiz/2008-11/11/content_7192806.htm. Retrieved November 10, 2008.
- ^ Vineyard, Jennifer (December 3, 2008). "William Balfour, Suspect In Hudson Family Killings, Denied Bail". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1600641/20081203/hudson__jennifer.jhtml. Retrieved December 3, 2008.
- ^ Tareen, Sophia. William Balfour Indicted for Hudson Family Murders blackamericaweb.com. December 31, 2008. Retrieved August 21, 2009
- ^ Kaufman, Gil.William Balfour Appears In Court For Jennifer Hudson Family Murders MTV. January 27, 2009. Retrieved August 21, 2009
- ^ Hussain, Rummana; Fitzpatrick, Lauren (May 9, 2012). "Jury resumes deliberations today in Jennifer Hudson family murders". Chicago Sun-Times. http://www.suntimes.com/news/metro/12421983-418/no-verdict-wednesday-in-jennifer-hudson-family-murders.html. Retrieved May 13, 2012.
- ^ Hussain, Rummana; Fitzpatrick, Lauren (May 11, 2012). "Jennifer Hudson 'emotional but relieved' with guilty verdicts". Chicago Sun-Times. http://www.suntimes.com/news/crime/12456155-418/jennifer-hudson-emotional-but-relieved-with-guilty-verdicts.html. Retrieved May 13, 2012.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson Wasn't Singing". inmusic.ca. http://inmusic.ca/Bell.Sympatico.CMS/CmsTemplates/JE/Music/FeedsArticleTemplate.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRNODEGUID={18F882D2-DE30-4310-A41D-DE375A211539}&NRORIGINALURL=%2fnews_and_features%2fcontentposting_news%3fnewsitemid%3d27410%26feedname%3dBUM_MUSIC_NEWS_EN%26show%3dFalse%26number%3d0%26showbyline%3dTrue%26subtitle%3d%26detect%3d%26abc%3dabc%26date%3dFalse&NRCACHEHINT=Guest&feedname=BUM_MUSIC_NEWS_EN&number=0&newsitemid=27410&showbyline=True&abc=abc&show=False&date=False&ICPAGENO=2#IC_TOP. Retrieved August 7, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ "Hudson's Emotional Return". Yahoo! Music. February 1, 2009. http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/realityrocks/132160/jennifer-hudsons-super-return. Retrieved February 1, 2009.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson to Sing National Anthem at Super Bowl". People.com. 2009-01-14. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20252441,00.html. Retrieved 2011-08-02.
- ^ "Hudson performs for first time since Oct slayings". Apnews.myway.com. http://apnews.myway.com/article/20090202/D96342300.html. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson Takes Throat Forced Break From Tour, Postpones Final Dates". Singersroom.com. May 5, 2009. http://www.singersroom.com/news/3765/Jennifer-Hudson-Takes-Throat-Forced-Break-From-Tour-Postpones-Final-Dates. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ Powers, Ann; Martens, Todd (July 7, 2009). "Michael Jackson memorial: Jennifer Hudson sings 'Will You Be There'". Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/music_blog/2009/07/michael-jackson-memorial-jennifer-hudson-sings-will-you-be-there.html. Retrieved July 8, 2009.
- ^ Joyce Eng. "Jennifer Hudson Locks in Christmas Special". TVGuide.com. http://www.tvguide.com/News/Jennifer-Hudson-Locks-1010599.aspx.
- ^ "Hope For Haiti's Total Now At $61 Million – And Counting". Multichannel News. January 26, 2010. http://www.multichannel.com/article/445900-Hope_For_Haiti_s_Total_Now_At_61_Million_And_Counting.php. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson: New face of Weight Watchers". CNN. April 1, 2010. http://www.cnn.com/2010/SHOWBIZ/04/01/jennifer.hudson.weight.watchers.ppl/index.html. [dead link]
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson Instyle Confession – Size 16 to 6 and Lost 56 Pounds". National Ledger. August 4, 2010. http://www.nationalledger.com/ledgerpop/article_272633766.shtml. Retrieved August 5, 2010.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson's Incredible Weight Loss". Oprah.com. February 10, 2011. http://www.oprah.com/oprahshow/Jennifer-Hudsons-Incredible-Weight-Loss-Journey/2. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
- ^ Swerdlick, David (2011-12-21). "I Got This: Jennifer Hudson's Latest Book". Theroot.com. http://www.theroot.com/views/jennifer-hudson-pens-new-memoir. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
- ^ Arceneaux, Michael. "Jennifer Hudson Lands Book Deal | News". BET. http://www.bet.com/news/celebrities/2011/06/08/jennifer-hudson-lands-book-deal.html. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
- ^ I Got This: How I Changed My Ways and Lost What Weighed Me Down, Jennifer Hudson. New York: Dutton (2012) ISBN 978-0525952770
- ^ "Who Wants a Whitney & Jennifer Hudson Duet?". E! Online. September 18, 2009. http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/marc_malkin/b145009_who_wants_whitney_jennifer_hudson_duet.html. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ "Chris Brown, Jennifer Hudson debut in The Billboard 200's two top spots". Content.usatoday.com. 2011-03-30. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/idolchatter/post/2011/03/chris-brown-jennifer-hudson-debut-in-the-billboard-200s-two-top-spots/1. Retrieved 2011-08-02.
- ^ Review at Jennifer Hudson web site
- ^ Snippet at Rap-up.com
- ^ "Top Hip-Hop and R&B Songs & Singles Charts" (in (French)). Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/charts/r-b-hip-hop-songs#/charts/r-b-hip-hop-songs?order=gainer. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
- ^ "Top Hip-Hop and R&B Songs & Singles Charts". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/charts/r-b-hip-hop-songs#/charts/r-b-hip-hop-songs?order=gainer. Retrieved 2011-03-11.
- ^ Hudson's chart history at Billboard.com
- ^ "FIRST LOOK: Jennifer Hudson's "Where You At" Video + "Ellen"". Rodonline.typepad.com. 2011-02-18. http://rodonline.typepad.com/rodonline/2011/02/first-look-jennifer-hudsons-where-you-at-stills-plus-ellen-performance.html. Retrieved 2011-03-11.
- ^ "First Look at Jennifer Hudson’s "Where You At" Video". Rap-Up.com. 2011-02-17. http://www.rap-up.com/2011/02/17/first-look-at-jennifer-hudsons-where-you-at-video/. Retrieved 2011-03-11.
- ^ "iTunes - Music - No One Gonna Love You (Remixes) by Jennifer Hudson". Itunes.apple.com. 2011-07-13. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/no-one-gonna-love-you-remixes/id450499009. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
- ^ "No One Gonna Love You (Jason Nevins Extended Remix): Jennifer Hudson: Amazon.co.uk: MP3 Downloads". Amazon.co.uk. http://www.amazon.co.uk/Gonna-Jason-Nevins-Extended-Remix/dp/B005EFVW44/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1318557715&sr=8-1. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
- ^ Published Thursday, Jun 23 2011, 11:40 BST (2011-06-23). "Jennifer Hudson confirms new single 'No One Gonna Love You' - Music News". Digital Spy. http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a326368/jennifer-hudson-confirms-new-single-no-one-gonna-love-you.html. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
- ^ "Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs - Week of June 16, 2011". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/charts/r-b-hip-hop-songs?begin=41&order=position. Retrieved June 16, 2011.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson's Next Single Will Be... | ..::That Grape Juice // ThatGrapeJuice.net::.. || Thirsty?". Thatgrapejuice.net. 2011-09-21. http://thatgrapejuice.net/2011/09/jennifer-hudsons-single/. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson Music News & Info". Billboard. July 5, 2011. http://www.billboard.com/charts/hot-100#/artist/jennifer-hudson/812392. Retrieved July 5, 2011.
- ^ McClintock, Pamela (June 1, 2011). "Jennifer Hudson Cast as a Nun in 'Three Stooges'". The Hollywood Reporter (Prometheus Global Media). http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/jennifer-hudson-cast-as-a-193953. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson's Whitney Houston Grammy Tribute, "I Will Always Love You"". Huffingtonpost.com. 2012-02-14. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/12/jennifer-hudson-whitney-houston-grammys-tribute_n_1271952.html?ref=entertainment. Retrieved 2012-05-06.
- ^ Barbara Walters' Oscar Special, 2007
- ^ "David Otunga". WWE.com. http://www.wwe.com/superstars/davidotunga. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
- ^ "Harvard Law Grad". Abovethelaw.com. October 12, 2007. http://abovethelaw.com/david_otunga/. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson's new reality: She's engaged to David Otunga". Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/thedishrag/2008/09/is-jennifer-hud.html. Retrieved May 6, 2010. [dead link]
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson Engaged to Boyfriend Gary Otunga". People. September 14, 2008. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20225699,00.html. Retrieved September 14, 2008.
- ^ Ritti, Missy (August 11, 2009). "Jennifer Hudson Welcomes a Son". http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20297229,00.html. Retrieved August 11, 2009.
- ^ "Jennifer Hudson > Filmography". Allmovie. http://www.allmovie.com/artist/jennifer-hudson-454405/filmography. Retrieved October 17, 2009.
- ^ "Best Female R&B Artist — BET Awards 2011". Bet.com. http://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2011/nominees/best-female-r-b-artist.html. Retrieved 2011-08-02.
- ^ 02/17/2012 by Olivia Allin (2012-02-17). "NAACP Image Awards 2012: Full list of winners". Ontheredcarpet.com. http://www.ontheredcarpet.com/NAACP-Image-Awards--2012:-Full-list-of-winners/8548831. Retrieved 2012-05-06.
- ^ Kaufman, Gil (2012-04-20). "Adele, Rihanna, Lady Gaga Lead Billboard Noms". Mtv.com. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1683540/adele-rihanna-gaga-billboard-music-awards.jhtml. Retrieved 2012-05-06.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jennifer Hudson |
- Official website
- Jennifer Hudson at Allmusic
- Jennifer Hudson at the Internet Broadway Database
- Jennifer Hudson at the Internet Movie Database
| Awards and achievements | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Rachel Weisz |
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress 2006 |
Succeeded by Tilda Swinton |
| Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture 2006 |
Succeeded by Cate Blanchett |
|
| Preceded by Chaka Khan (Funk This) |
Grammy Award for Best R&B Album (Jennifer Hudson) 2009 |
Succeeded by BLACKsummers'night by Maxwell |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Hudson, Jennifer |
| Alternative names | Hudson, Jennifer Kate |
| Short description | Singer–songwriter, actress, spokesperson |
| Date of birth | September 12, 1981 |
| Place of birth | Chicago, Illinois, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Jennifer_Hudson
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Jennifer Hudson
http://cs.wn.com/Jennifer Hudson
http://id.wn.com/Jennifer Hudson
http://es.wn.com/Jennifer Hudson
http://ru.wn.com/Хадсон, Дженнифер
http://nl.wn.com/Jennifer Hudson
http://pt.wn.com/Jennifer Hudson
http://pl.wn.com/Jennifer Hudson
http://fr.wn.com/Jennifer Hudson
http://de.wn.com/Jennifer Hudson
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Hudson
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the person. For her 1985 eponymous album, see Whitney Houston (album).
| Whitney Houston | |
|---|---|
 Whitney Houston performing at Good Morning America in Central Park on September 1, 2009 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Whitney Elizabeth Houston |
| Born | (1963-08-09)August 9, 1963 Newark, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Died | February 11, 2012(2012-02-11) (aged 48) Beverly Hills, California, U.S. |
| Genres | R&B, soul, pop, dance, gospel |
| Occupations | Singer, actress, model, film producer, record producer, songwriter |
| Instruments | Vocals, piano |
| Years active | 1977–2012 |
| Labels | Arista, RCA |
| Associated acts | Cissy Houston, Dionne Warwick, Dee Dee Warwick, Aretha Franklin, Jermaine Jackson, Mariah Carey, Enrique Iglesias, Bobby Brown |
| Website |
 Whitney Houston's autograph |
Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American recording artist, actress, producer, and model. In 2009, the Guinness World Records cited her as the most-awarded female act of all-time.[1] Houston was one of the world's best-selling music artists, having sold over 170 million albums, singles and videos worldwide.[2][3] She released seven studio albums and three movie soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum or gold certification. Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for "How Will I Know",[4] influenced several African American female artists to follow in her footsteps.[5][6]
Houston is the only artist to chart seven consecutive No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 hits.[7] She is the second artist behind Elton John and the only female artist to have two number-one Billboard 200 Album awards (formerly "Top Pop Album") on the Billboard magazine year-end charts.[8] Houston's 1985 debut album Whitney Houston became the best-selling debut album by a female act at the time of its release. The album was named Rolling Stone's best album of 1986, and was ranked at number 254 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[9] Her second studio album Whitney (1987) became the first album by a female artist to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart.[9]
Houston's first acting role was as the star of the feature film The Bodyguard (1992). The film's original soundtrack won the 1994 Grammy Award for Album of the Year. Its lead single "I Will Always Love You", became the best-selling single by a female artist in music history. With the album, Houston became the first act (solo or group, male or female) to sell more than a million copies of an album within a single week period under Nielsen SoundScan system.[9] The album makes her the top female act in the top 10 list of the best-selling albums of all time, at number four. Houston continued to star in movies and contribute to their soundtracks, including the films Waiting to Exhale (1995) and The Preacher's Wife (1996). The Preacher's Wife soundtrack became the best-selling gospel album in history.[10]
Contents
|
Life and career[link]
1963–1976: Early life[link]
Whitney Houston was born in what was then a middle-income neighborhood in Newark, New Jersey, the second child of Army serviceman and entertainment executive John Russell Houston, Jr. (September 13, 1920 – February 2, 2003), and gospel singer Cissy Houston (née Emily Drinkard).[11] She was of African American, Native American and Dutch descent.[12] Her mother, along with cousins Dionne Warwick and Dee Dee Warwick, godmother Darlene Love[13] and honorary aunt Aretha Franklin[14] were all notable figures in the gospel, rhythm and blues, pop, and soul genres.[15] She met her honorary aunt at age 8, or 9, when her mother took her to a recording studio.[16] Houston was raised a Baptist, but was also exposed to the Pentecostal church. After the 1967 Newark riots, the family moved to a middle-class area in East Orange, New Jersey, when she was four.[17]
At the age of 11, Houston began to follow in her mother's footsteps and started performing as a soloist in the junior gospel choir at the New Hope Baptist Church in Newark, where she also learned to play the piano.[18] Her first solo performance in the church was "Guide Me, O Thou Great Jehovah".[19] When Houston was a teenager, she attended Mount Saint Dominic Academy, a Catholic girls' high school in Caldwell, New Jersey, where she met her best friend Robyn Crawford, whom she described as the "sister she never had".[20] While Houston was still in school, her mother continued to teach her how to sing.[5] In addition to her mother, Franklin, and Warwick, Houston was also exposed to the music of Chaka Khan, Gladys Knight, and Roberta Flack, most of whom would have an impact on her as a singer and performer.[21]
1977–1984: Early career[link]
Houston spent some of her teenage years touring nightclubs where her mother Cissy was performing, and she would occasionally get on stage and perform with her. In 1977, at age 14, she became a backup singer on the Michael Zager Band's single "Life's a Party".[22] In 1978, at age 15, Houston sang background vocals on Chaka Khan's hit single "I'm Every Woman", a song she would later turn into a larger hit for herself on her monster-selling The Bodyguard soundtrack album.[23][24] She also sang back-up on albums by Lou Rawls and Jermaine Jackson.[23]
In the early 1980s, Houston started working as a fashion model after a photographer saw her at Carnegie Hall singing with her mother. She appeared in Seventeen[25] and became one of the first women of color to grace the cover of the magazine.[26] She was also featured in layouts in the pages of Glamour, Cosmopolitan, Young Miss, and appeared in a Canada Dry soft drink TV commercial.[27] Her striking looks and girl-next-door charm made her one of the most sought after teen models of that time.[27] While modeling, she continued her burgeoning recording career by working with producers Michael Beinhorn, Bill Laswell and Martin Bisi on an album they were spearheading called One Down, which was credited to the group Material. For that project, Houston contributed the ballad "Memories", a cover of a song by Hugh Hopper of Soft Machine. Robert Christgau of The Village Voice called her contribution "one of the most gorgeous ballads you've ever heard".[28] She also appeared as a lead vocalist on one track on a Paul Jabara album, entitled Paul Jabara and Friends, released by Columbia Records in 1983.[29]
Houston had previously been offered several recording agencies (Michael Zager in 1980, and Elektra Records in 1981), however her mother declined the offers stating her daughter must first complete high school.[22][30] In 1983, Gerry Griffith, an A&R representative from Arista Records, saw her performing with her mother in a New York City nightclub and was impressed. He convinced Arista's head Clive Davis to make time to see Houston perform. Davis too was impressed and offered a worldwide recording contract which Houston signed. Later that year, she made her national televised debut alongside Davis on The Merv Griffin Show.[31]
Houston signed with Arista in 1983, but did not begin work on her album immediately.[1] The label wanted to make sure no other label signed the singer away. Davis wanted to ensure he had the right material and producers for Houston's debut album. Some producers had to pass on the project due to prior commitments.[32] Houston first recorded a duet with Teddy Pendergrass entitled "Hold Me" which appeared on his album, Love Language.[33] The single was released in 1984 and gave Houston her first taste of success, becoming a Top 5 R&B hit.[34] It would also appear on her debut album in 1985.
1985–1986: Rise to international prominence[link]
With production from Michael Masser, Kashif, Jermaine Jackson, and Narada Michael Walden, Houston's debut album Whitney Houston was released in February 1985. Rolling Stone magazine praised Houston, calling her "one of the most exciting new voices in years" while The New York Times called the album "an impressive, musically conservative showcase for an exceptional vocal talent".[35][36] Arista Records promoted Houston's album with three different singles from the album in the US, UK and other European countries. In the UK, the dance-funk "Someone for Me", which failed to chart in the country, was the first single while "All at Once" was in such European countries as the Netherlands and Belgium, where the song reached the top 5 on the singles charts, respectively.[37]
In the US, the soulful ballad "You Give Good Love" was chosen as the lead single from Houston's debut to establish her in the black marketplace first.[38] Outside the US, the song failed to get enough attention to become a hit, but in the US, it gave the album its first major hit as it peaked at No. 3 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, and No. 1 on the Hot R&B chart.[32] As a result, the album began to sell strongly, and Houston continued promotion by touring nightclubs in the US. She also began performing on late-night television talk shows, which were not usually accessible to unestablished black acts. The jazzy ballad "Saving All My Love for You" was released next and it would become Houston's first No. 1 single in both the US and the UK. She was then an opening act for singer Jeffrey Osborne on his nationwide tour. "Thinking About You" was released as the promo single only to R&B-oriented radio stations, which peaked at number ten on the US R&B Chart. At the time, MTV had received harsh criticism for not playing enough videos by black, Latino, and other racial minorities while favoring white acts.[39] The third US single, "How Will I Know", peaked at No. 1 and introduced Houston to the MTV audience thanks to its video. Houston's subsequent singles from this, and future albums, would make her the first African-American female artist to receive consistent heavy rotation on MTV.[26]
By 1986, a year after its initial release, Whitney Houston topped the Billboard 200 albums chart and stayed there for 14 non-consecutive weeks.[40] The final single, "Greatest Love of All", became Houston's biggest hit at the time after peaking No. 1 and remaining there for three weeks on the Hot 100 chart, which made her debut the first album by a female artist to yield three No. 1 hits. Houston was No. 1 artist of the year and Whitney Houston was the No. 1 album of the year on the 1986 Billboard year-end charts, making her the first female artist to earn that distinction.[40] At the time, Houston released the best-selling debut album by a solo artist.[41] Houston then embarked on her world tour, Greatest Love Tour. The album had become an international success, and was certified 13× platinum (diamond) in the United States alone, and has sold a total of 25 million copies worldwide.[42]
At the 1986 Grammy Awards, Houston was nominated for three awards including Album of the Year.[43] She was not eligible for the Best New Artist category due to her previous hit R&B duet recording with Teddy Pendergrass in 1984.[44] She won her first Grammy award for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female for "Saving All My Love for You".[45] Houston's performance of the song during the Grammy telecast later earned her an Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program.[46]
Houston won seven American Music Awards in total in 1986 and 1987, and an MTV Video Music Award.[47][48] The album's popularity would also carry over to the 1987 Grammy Awards when "Greatest Love of All" would receive a Record of the Year nomination. Houston's debut album is listed as one of Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time and on The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame's Definitive 200 list.[49][50] Houston's grand entrance into the music industry is considered one of the 25 musical milestones of the last 25 years, according to USA Today.[51] Following Houston's breakthrough, doors were opened for other African-American female artists such as Janet Jackson and Anita Baker to find notable success in popular music and on MTV.[52][53]
[edit] 1987–1991: Whitney, I'm Your Baby Tonight and "The Star Spangled Banner"
With many expectations, Houston's second album, Whitney, was released in June 1987. The album again featured production from Masser, Kashif and Walden as well as Jellybean Benitez. Many critics complained that the material was too similar to her previous album. Rolling Stone said, "the narrow channel through which this talent has been directed is frustrating".[54] Still, the album enjoyed commercial success. Houston became the first female artist in music history to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart, and the first artist to enter the albums chart at number one in both the US and UK, while also hitting number one or top ten in dozens of other countries around the world. The album's first single, "I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)", was also a massive hit worldwide, peaking at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and topping the singles chart in many countries such as Australia, Germany and the UK. The next three singles, "Didn't We Almost Have It All", "So Emotional", and "Where Do Broken Hearts Go" all peaked at number one on the US Hot 100 chart, which gave her a total of seven consecutive number one hits, breaking the record of six previously shared by The Beatles and The Bee Gees.[55][56] Houston became the first female artist to generate four number-one singles from one album. Whitney has been certified 9× Platinum in the US for shipments of over 9 million copies, and has sold a total of 20 million copies worldwide.[57]
At the 30th Grammy Awards in 1988, Houston was nominated for three awards, including Album of the Year, winning her second Grammy for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for "I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)".[58][59] Houston also won two American Music Awards in 1988 and 1989, respectively, and a Soul Train Music Award.[60][61][62] Following the release of the album, Houston embarked on the Moment of Truth World Tour, which was one of the ten highest grossing concert tours of 1987.[63] The success of the tours during 1986–87 and her two studio albums ranked Houston No. 8 for the highest earning entertainers list according to Forbes magazine.[64] She was the highest earning African-American woman overall and the third highest entertainer after Bill Cosby and Eddie Murphy.[64]
Houston was a supporter of Nelson Mandela and the anti-apartheid movement. During her modeling days, the singer refused to work with any agencies who did business with the then-apartheid South Africa.[65][66] On June 11, 1988, during the European leg of her tour, Houston joined other musicians to perform a set at Wembley Stadium in London to celebrate a then-imprisoned Nelson Mandela's 70th birthday.[65] Over 72,000 people attended Wembley Stadium, and over a billion people tuned in worldwide as the rock concert raised over $1 million for charities while bringing awareness to apartheid.[67] Houston then flew back to the US for a concert at Madison Square Garden in New York City in August. The show was a benefit concert that raised a quarter of a million dollars for the United Negro College Fund.[68] In the same year, she recorded a song for NBC's coverage of the 1988 Summer Olympics, "One Moment in Time", which became a Top 5 hit in the US, while reaching number one in the UK and Germany.[69][70][71] With her world tour continuing overseas, Houston was still one of the top 20 highest earning entertainers for 1987–88 according to Forbes magazine.[72][73]
In 1989, Houston formed The Whitney Houston Foundation For Children, a non-profit organization that has raised funds for the needs of children around the world. The organization cares for homelessness, children with cancer or AIDS, and other issues of self-empowerment.[74] With the success of her first two albums, Houston was undoubtedly an international crossover superstar, the most prominent since Michael Jackson, appealing to all demographics. However, some black critics believed she was "selling out".[6] They felt her singing on record lacked the soul that was present during her live concerts.[25]
At the 1989 Soul Train Music Awards, when Houston's name was called out for a nomination, a few in the audience jeered.[75][76] Houston defended herself against the criticism, stating, "If you're gonna have a long career, there's a certain way to do it, and I did it that way. I'm not ashamed of it".[25] Houston took a more urban direction with her third studio album, I'm Your Baby Tonight, released in November 1990. She produced and chose producers for this album and as a result, it featured production and collaborations with L.A. Reid and Babyface, Luther Vandross, and Stevie Wonder. The album showed Houston's versatility on a new batch of tough rhythmic grooves, soulful ballads and up-tempo dance tracks. Reviews were mixed. Rolling Stone felt it was her "best and most integrated album".[77] while Entertainment Weekly, at the time thought Houston's shift towards an urban direction was "superficial".[78]
The album contained several hits: the first two singles, "I'm Your Baby Tonight" and "All the Man That I Need" peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart; "Miracle" peaked at number nine; "My Name Is Not Susan" peaked in the top twenty; "I Belong to You" reached the top ten of the US R&B chart and garnered Houston a Grammy nomination; and the sixth single, the Stevie Wonder duet "We Didn't Know", reached the R&B top twenty. The album peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 and went on to be certified 4× platinum in the US while selling twelve million total worldwide.
File:W. Houston & G. Bush at White house.jpg
Houston met with President George H. W. Bush in the Oval Office in 1990, while in Washington, D.C., to participate in the Youth Leadership Forum
In 1990, Houston was the spokesperson for a youth leadership conference hosted in Washington, D.C. She had a private audience with President George H. W. Bush in the Oval Office to discuss the associated challenges.
With America entangled in the Persian Gulf War, Houston performed "The Star Spangled Banner" at Super Bowl XXV at Tampa Stadium on January 27, 1991.[79] Due to overwhelming response to her rendition, it was released as a commercial single and video of her performance, and reached the Top 20 on the US Hot 100, making her the only act to turn the national anthem into a pop hit of that magnitude (Jose Feliciano's version reached No. 50 in November 1968).[80][81] Houston donated all her share of the proceeds to the American Red Cross Gulf Crisis Fund. As a result, the singer was named to the Red Cross Board of Governors.[79][82][83]
Her rendition was considered the benchmark for singers and critically acclaimed.[84] Rolling Stone commented that "her singing stirs such strong patriotism. Unforgettable", and the performance ranked No. 1 on the 25 most memorable music moments in NFL history list. VH1 listed the performance as one of the greatest moments that rocked TV.[85][86] Following the attacks on 9/11, it was released again by Arista Records, all profits going towards the firefighters and victims of the attacks. This time it peaked at No. 6 in the Hot 100 and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.[87]
Later in 1991, Houston put together her Welcome Home Heroes concert with HBO for the soldiers fighting in the Persian Gulf War and their families. The free concert took place at Naval Station Norfolk in Norfolk, Virginia in front of 3,500 servicemen and women. HBO descrambled the concert so that it was free for everyone to watch.[88] Houston's concert gave HBO its highest ratings ever.[89] She then embarked on the I'm Your Baby Tonight World Tour.
[edit] 1992–1994: Marriage to Bobby Brown and The Bodyguard
Throughout the 1980s, Houston was romantically linked to American football star Randall Cunningham and actor Eddie Murphy, whom she dated.[90] She then met R&B singer Bobby Brown at the 1989 Soul Train Music Awards. After a three-year courtship, the two were married on July 18, 1992.[91] On March 4, 1993, Houston gave birth to their daughter Bobbi Kristina Houston Brown, her only child, and his fourth. Brown would go on to have several run-ins with the law, including some jail time.[91]
With the commercial success of her albums, movie offers poured in, including offers to work with Robert De Niro, Quincy Jones, and Spike Lee; but Houston felt the time wasn't right.[90] Houston's first film role was in The Bodyguard, released in 1992 and co-starring Kevin Costner. Houston played Rachel Marron, a star who is stalked by a crazed fan and hires a bodyguard to protect her. USA Today listed it as one of the 25 most memorable movie moments of the last 25 years in 2007.[92] Houston's mainstream appeal allowed people to look at the movie color-blind.[93]
Still, controversy arose as some felt the film's advertising intentionally hid Houston's face to hide the film's interracial relationship. In an interview with Rolling Stone in 1993, the singer commented that "people know who Whitney Houston is – I'm black. You can't hide that fact."[21] Houston received a Razzie Award nomination for Worst Actress. The Washington Post said Houston is "doing nothing more than playing Houston, comes out largely unscathed if that is possible in so cockamamie an undertaking",[94] and The New York Times commented that she lacked passion with her co-star.[95] Despite the film's mixed reviews, it was hugely successful at the box office, grossing more than $121 million in the U.S. and $410 million worldwide, making it one of the top 100 grossing films in film history at its time of release, though it is no longer in the top 100 due to rising ticket prices since the time the film was released.[96]
The film's soundtrack also enjoyed big success. Houston executive produced and contributed six songs for the motion picture's adjoining soundtrack album. Rolling Stone said it is "nothing more than pleasant, tasteful and urbane".[97] The soundtrack's lead single was "I Will Always Love You", written and originally recorded by Dolly Parton in 1974. Houston's version of the song was acclaimed by many critics, regarding it as her "signature song" or "iconic performance". Rolling Stone and USA Today called her rendition "the tour-de-force".[98][99] The single peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 for a then-record-breaking 14 weeks, number one on the R&B chart for a then-record-breaking 11 weeks, and number one on the Adult Contemporary charts for five weeks, thus becoming the first single to top those three charts simultaneously for five weeks.[100]
The single was certified 4× platinum by the RIAA, making Houston the first female artist with a single to reach that level in the RIAA history and becoming the best-selling single by a female artist in the US.[101][102][103] The song also became a global success, hitting number-one in almost all countries, and one of the best-selling singles of all time with 12 million copies sold.[104] The soundtrack topped the Billboard 200 chart and remained there for 20 non-consecutive weeks, the longest tenure by any album on the chart in the Nielsen SoundScan era, and became one of the fastest selling albums ever.[105] During Christmas week of 1992, the soundtrack sold over a million copies within a week, becoming the first album to achieve that feat under Nielsen SoundScan system.[106][107] With the follow-up singles "I'm Every Woman", a Chaka Khan cover, and "I Have Nothing" both reaching the top five, Houston became the first female artist to ever have three singles in the Top 11 simultaneously.[108][109][110] The album was certified 17× platinum in the US alone,[111] with worldwide sales of 44 million,[112] making The Bodyguard the biggest-selling album by a female act on the list of the world's Top 10 best-selling albums, topping Shania Twain's 40 million sold for Come On Over.[113]
Houston won three Grammys for the album in 1994, including two of the Academy's highest honors, Album of the Year and Record of the Year. In addition, she won a record 8 American Music Awards at that year's ceremony including the Award of Merit,[114] 11 Billboard Music Awards, 3 Soul Train Music Awards in 1993–94 including Sammy Davis, Jr. Award as Entertainer of the Year,[115] 5 NAACP Image Awards including Entertainer of the Year,[116][117][118] a record 5 World Music Awards,[119] and a BRIT award.[120] Following the success of the project, Houston embarked on another expansive global tour, The Bodyguard World Tour, in 1993–94. Her concerts, movie, and recording grosses made her the third highest earning female entertainer of 1993–94, just behind Oprah Winfrey and Barbra Streisand according to Forbes magazine.[121] Houston placed in the top five of Entertainment Weekly's annual "Entertainer of the Year" ranking[122] and was labeled by Premiere magazine as one of the 100 most powerful people in Hollywood.[123]
In October 1994, Houston attended and performed at a state dinner in the White House honoring newly elected South African president Nelson Mandela.[124][125] At the end of her world tour, Houston performed three concerts in South Africa to honor President Mandela, playing to over 200,000 people. This would make the singer the first major musician to visit the newly unified and apartheid free nation following Mandela's winning election.[126] The concert was broadcast live on HBO with funds of the concerts being donated to various charities in South Africa. The event was considered the nation's "biggest media event since the inauguration of Nelson Mandela".[127]
[edit] 1995–1997: Waiting to Exhale, The Preacher's Wife, and Cinderella
In 1995, Houston starred alongside Angela Bassett, Loretta Devine, and Lela Rochon in her second film Waiting to Exhale, a motion picture about four African-American women struggling with relationships. Houston played the lead character Savannah Jackson, a TV producer in love with a married man. She chose the role because she saw the film as "a breakthrough for the image of black women because it presents them both as professionals and as caring mothers".[128] After opening at number one and grossing $67 million in the US at the box office and $81 million worldwide,[129] it proved that a movie primarily targeting a black audience can cross over to success, while paving the way for other all-black movies such as How Stella Got Her Groove Back and the Tyler Perry movies that have become popular in the 2000s.[130][131][132] The film is also notable for its portrayal of black women as strong middle class citizens as opposed to stereotypes.[133] The reviews were mainly positive for the ensemble cast. The New York Times said "Ms. Houston has shed the defensive hauteur that made her portrayal of a pop star in 'The Bodyguard' seem so distant."[134] Houston was nominated for an NAACP Image Award for "Outstanding Actress In A Motion Picture", but lost to her co-star Bassett.
The film's accompanying soundtrack, Waiting to Exhale: Original Soundtrack Album, was produced by Houston and Babyface. Though Babyface originally wanted Houston to record the entire album, she declined. Instead, she "wanted it to be an album of women with vocal distinction", and thus gathered several African-American female artists for the soundtrack, to go along with the film's strong women message.[128] As a result, the album featured a range of contemporary R&B female recording artists along with Houston, such as Mary J Blige, Aretha Franklin, Toni Braxton, Patti Labelle, and Brandy. Houston's "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" peaked at No. 1, and then spent a record eleven weeks at the No. 2 spot and eight weeks on top of the R&B Charts. "Count On Me", a duet with CeCe Winans, hit the US Top 10; and Houston's third contribution, "Why Does It Hurt So Bad", made the Top 30. The album debuted at No. 1, and was certified 7× Platinum in the United States, denoting shipments of seven million copies.[57] The soundtrack received strong reviews as Entertainment Weekly said "the album goes down easy, just as you'd expect from a package framed by Whitney Houston tracks.... the soundtrack waits to exhale, hovering in sensuous suspense"[135] and has since ranked it as one of the 100 Best Movie Soundtracks.[136] Later that year, Houston's children's charity organization was awarded a VH1 Honor for all the charitable work.[137]
In 1996, Houston starred in the holiday comedy The Preacher's Wife, with Denzel Washington. She plays a gospel-singing wife of a pastor (Courtney B. Vance). It was largely an updated remake of the 1948 film "The Bishop's Wife" which starred Loretta Young, David Niven and Cary Grant. Houston earned $10 million for the role, making her one of the highest-paid actresses in Hollywood at the time and the highest earning African American actress in Hollywood.[138] The movie, with its all African-American cast, was a moderate success, earning approximately $50 million at the U.S. box offices.[139] The movie gave Houston her strongest reviews so far. The San Francisco Chronicle said Houston "is rather angelic herself, displaying a divine talent for being virtuous and flirtatious at the same time" and that she "exudes gentle yet spirited warmth, especially when praising the Lord in her gorgeous singing voice".[140] Houston was again nominated for an NAACP Image Award and won for Outstanding Actress In A Motion Picture.
Houston recorded and co-produced, with Mervyn Warren, the film's accompanying gospel soundtrack. The Preacher's Wife: Original Soundtrack Album included six gospel songs with Georgia Mass Choir that were recorded at the Great Star Rising Baptist Church in Atlanta. Houston also duetted with gospel legend Shirley Caesar. The album sold six million copies worldwide and scored hit singles with "I Believe in You and Me" and "Step by Step", becoming the largest selling gospel album of all time. The album received mainly positive reviews. Some critics, such as that of USA Today, noted the presence of her emotional depth,[141] while The Times said "To hear Houston going at full throttle with the 35 piece Georgia Mass Choir struggling to keep up is to realise what her phenomenal voice was made for".[142]
In 1997, Houston's production company changed its name to BrownHouse Productions and was joined by Debra Martin Chase. Their goal was "to show aspects of the lives of African-Americans that have not been brought to the screen before" while improving how African-Americans are portrayed in film and television.[143] Their first project was a made-for-television remake of Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella. In addition to co-producing, Houston starred in the movie as the Fairy Godmother along with Brandy, Jason Alexander, Whoopi Goldberg, and Bernadette Peters. Houston was initially offered the role of Cinderella in 1993, but other projects intervened.[144] The film is notable for its multi-racial cast and nonstereotypical message.[145] An estimated 60 million viewers tuned into the special giving ABC its highest TV ratings in 16 years.[146] The movie received seven Emmy nominations including Outstanding Variety, Musical or Comedy, while winning Outstanding Art Direction in a Variety, Musical or Comedy Special.[147]
Houston and Chase then obtained the rights to the story of Dorothy Dandridge. Houston was to play Dandridge, who was the first African American actress to be nominated for an Oscar. She wanted the story told with dignity and honor.[143] However, Halle Berry also had rights to the project and she got her version going first.[148] Later that year, Houston paid tribute to her idols such as Aretha Franklin, Diana Ross, and Dionne Warwick by performing their hits during the three-night HBO Concert Classic Whitney, live from Washington, D.C. The special raised over $300,000 for the Children's Defense Fund.[149] Houston received The Quincy Jones Award for outstanding career achievements in the field of entertainment at the 12th Soul Train Music Awards.[150][151]
[edit] 1998–2000: My Love Is Your Love and Whitney: The Greatest Hits
After spending much of the early and mid 1990s working on motion pictures and their soundtrack albums, Houston's first studio album in eight years, the critically acclaimed My Love Is Your Love, was released in November 1998. Though originally slated to be a greatest hits album with a handful of new songs, recording sessions were so fruitful that a new full-length studio album was released. Recorded and mixed in only six weeks, it featured production from Rodney Jerkins, Wyclef Jean and Missy Elliott. The album debuted at number thirteen, its peak position, on the Billboard 200 chart.[152] It had a funkier and edgier sound than past releases and saw Houston handling urban dance, hip hop, mid-tempo R&B, reggae, torch songs, and ballads all with great dexterity.[153]
From late 1998 to early 2000, the album spawned several hit singles: "When You Believe" (US No. 15, UK No. 4), a duet with Mariah Carey for 1998's The Prince of Egypt soundtrack, which also became an international hit as it peaked in the Top 10 in several countries and won an Academy Award for Best Original Song;[154] "Heartbreak Hotel" (US No. 2, UK No. 25) featured Faith Evans and Kelly Price, received a 1999 MTV VMA nomination for Best R&B Video,[155] and number one on the US R&B chart for seven weeks; "It's Not Right But It's Okay" (US No. 4, UK No. 3) won Houston her sixth Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance;[156] "My Love Is Your Love" (US No. 4, UK No. 2) with 3 million copies sold worldwide;[157] and "I Learned from the Best" (US No. 27, UK No. 19).[158][159] These singles became international hits as well, and all the singles, except "When You Believe", became number one hits on the Billboard Hot Dance/Club Play chart. The album sold four million copies in America, making it certified 4× platinum, and a total of eleven million copies worldwide.[42]
The album gave Houston some of her strongest reviews ever. Rolling Stone said Houston was singing "with a bite in her voice"[160] and The Village Voice called it "Whitney's sharpest and most satisfying so far".[161] In 1999, Houston participated in VH-1's Divas Live '99, alongside Brandy, Mary J. Blige, Tina Turner, and Cher. The same year, Houston hit the road with her 70 date My Love Is Your Love World Tour. The European leg of the tour was Europe's highest grossing arena tour of the year.[162] In November 1999, Houston was named Top-selling R&B Female Artist of the Century with certified US sales of 51 million copies at the time and The Bodyguard Soundtrack was named the Top-selling Soundtrack Album of the Century by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).[163] She also won The Artist of the Decade, Female award for extraordinary artistic contributions during the 1990s at the 14th Soul Train Music Awards, and an MTV Europe Music Award for Best R&B.[164][165][166][167][168]
In May 2000, Whitney: The Greatest Hits was released worldwide. The double disc set peaked at number five in the United States, reaching number one in the United Kingdom.[159][169] In addition, the album reached the Top 10 in many other countries.[170] While ballad songs were left unchanged, the album features house/club remixes of many of Houston's up-tempo hits. Included on the album were four new songs: "Could I Have This Kiss Forever" (a duet with Enrique Iglesias), "Same Script, Different Cast" (a duet with Deborah Cox), "If I Told You That" (a duet with George Michael), and "Fine", and three hits that had never appeared on a Houston album: "One Moment in Time", "The Star Spangled Banner", and "If You Say My Eyes Are Beautiful", a duet with Jermaine Jackson from his 1986 Precious Moments album.[171] Along with the album, an accompanying VHS and DVD was released featuring the music videos to Houston's greatest hits, as well as several hard-to-find live performances including her 1983 debut on The Merv Griffin Show, and interviews.[172] The greatest hits album was certified 3× platinum in the US, with worldwide sales of 10 million.[173][174]
[edit] 2000–2005: Just Whitney, and personal struggles
Though Houston was seen as a "good girl" with a perfect image in the 1980s and early 1990s, by the late 1990s, her behavior changed. She was often hours late for interviews, photo shoots and rehearsals, and canceling concerts and talk-show appearances.[175][176] With the missed performances and weight loss, rumors about Houston using drugs with her husband circulated. On January 11, 2000, airport security guards discovered marijuana in both Houston's and husband Bobby Brown's luggage at a Hawaii airport, but the two boarded the plane and departed before authorities could arrive. Charges were later dropped against them,[177] but rumors of drug usage between the couple would continue to surface. Two months later, Clive Davis was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. Houston had been scheduled to perform at the event, but failed to show up.[178]
Shortly thereafter, Houston was scheduled to perform at the Academy Awards but was fired from the event by musical director and longtime friend Burt Bacharach. Her publicist cited throat problems as the reason for the cancellation. In his book The Big Show: High Times and Dirty Dealings Backstage at the Academy Awards, author Steve Pond revealed that "Houston's voice was shaky, she seemed distracted and jittery, and her attitude was casual, almost defiant", and that while Houston was to sing "Over the Rainbow", she would start singing a different song.[179] Houston later admitted to having been fired.[180] Later that year, Houston's long-time executive assistant and friend, Robyn Crawford, resigned from Houston's management company.[178]
In August 2001, Houston signed the biggest record deal in music history with Arista/BMG. She renewed her contract for $100 million to deliver six new albums, on which she would also earn royalties.[181][182][183] She later made an appearance on Michael Jackson: 30th Anniversary Special. Her extremely thin frame further spurred rumors of drug use. Houston's publicist said, "Whitney has been under stress due to family matters, and when she is under stress she doesn't eat."[184] The singer was scheduled for a second performance the following night but canceled.[185] Within weeks, Houston's rendition of "The Star Spangled Banner" would be re-released after the September 11 attacks, with the proceeds donated to the New York Firefighters 9/11 Disaster Relief Fund and the New York Fraternal Order of Police.[186] The song peaked at No. 6 this time on the US Hot 100, topping its previous position.[158]
In 2002, Houston became involved in a legal dispute with John Houston Enterprise. Although the company was started by her father to manage her career, it was actually run by company president Kevin Skinner. Skinner filed a breach-of-contract lawsuit and sued for $100 million (but lost), stating that Houston owed the company previously unpaid compensation for helping to negotiate her $100 million contract with Arista Records and for sorting out legal matters.[187] Houston stated that her 81-year-old father had nothing to do with the lawsuit. Although Skinner tried to claim otherwise, John Houston never appeared in court.[188] Houston's father later died in February 2003.[189] The lawsuit was dismissed on April 5, 2004, and Skinner was awarded nothing.[190]
Also in 2002, Houston did an interview with Diane Sawyer to promote her then-upcoming album. The interview was the highest-rated television interview in history.[citation needed] During the prime-time special, Houston spoke on topics including rumored drug use and marriage. She was asked about the ongoing drug rumors and replied, "First of all, let's get one thing straight. Crack is cheap. I make too much money to ever smoke crack. Let's get that straight. Okay? We don't do crack. We don't do that. Crack is wack."[180] The line was from Keith Haring's mural which was painted in 1986 on the handball court at 128th Street and 2nd Avenue.[191] Houston did, however, admit to using other substances at times, including cocaine.[180]
In December 2002, Houston released her fifth studio album, Just Whitney.... The album included productions from then-husband Bobby Brown, as well as Missy Elliott and Babyface, and marked the first time that Houston did not produce with Clive Davis as Davis had been released by top management at BMG. Upon its release, Just Whitney... received mixed reviews.[192] The album debuted at number 9 on the Billboard 200 chart and it had the highest first week sales of any album Houston had ever released.[193] The four singles released from the album, didn't fare well on the Billboard Hot 100, but became Hot Dance Club Play hits. Just Whitney... was certified platinum in the United States, and sold approximately three million worldwide.[194]
On a June 2003 trip to Israel, Houston said of her visit, "I've never felt like this in any other country. I feel at home, I feel wonderful."[195]
In late 2003, Houston released her first Christmas album One Wish: The Holiday Album, with a collection of traditional holiday songs. Houston produced the album with Mervyn Warren and Gordon Chambers. A single titled "One Wish (for Christmas)" reached the Top 20 on the Adult Contemporary chart, and the album was certified gold in the US. Having always been a touring artist, Houston spent most of 2004 touring and performing in Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and Russia. In September 2004, she gave a surprise performance at the World Music Awards in a tribute to long time friend Clive Davis. After the show, Davis and Houston announced plans to go into studio to work on her new album.[196]
In early 2004, husband Bobby Brown starred in his own reality TV program, Being Bobby Brown (on the Bravo network), which provided a view into the domestic goings-on in the Brown household. Though it was Brown's vehicle, Houston was a prominent figure throughout the show, receiving as much screen time as Brown. The series aired in 2005 and featured Houston in, what some would say, not her most flattering moments. The Hollywood Reporter said it was "undoubtedly the most disgusting and execrable series ever to ooze its way onto television."[197] Despite the perceived train-wreck nature of the show, the series gave Bravo its highest ratings in its time slot and continued Houston's successful forays into film and television.[198] The show was not renewed for a second season after Houston stated that she would no longer appear in it, and Brown and Bravo could not come to an agreement for another season.[199]
[edit] 2006–2012: Return to music, I Look to You, tour and film comeback
After years of controversy and turmoil, Houston separated from Bobby Brown in September 2006, filing for divorce the following month.[200] On February 1, 2007, Houston asked the court to fast track their divorce.[201] The divorce was finalized on April 24, 2007, with Houston granted custody of the couple's daughter.[202] On May 4, Houston sold the suburban Atlanta home featured in Being Bobby Brown for $1.19 million.[203] A few days later, Brown sued Houston in Orange County, California court in an attempt to change the terms of their custody agreement. Brown also sought child and spousal support from Houston. In the lawsuit, Brown claimed that financial and emotional problems prevented him from properly responding to Houston's divorce petition.[204] Brown lost at his court hearing as the judge dismissed his appeal to overrule the custody terms, leaving Houston with full custody and Brown with no spousal support.[205] In March 2007, Clive Davis of Arista Records announced that Houston would begin recording a new album.[206] In October 2007, Arista released another compilation The Ultimate Collection outside the United States.[207]
Houston gave her first interview in seven years in September 2009, appearing on Oprah Winfrey's season premiere. The interview was billed as "the most anticipated music interview of the decade".[208] Whitney admitted on the show to using drugs with former husband Bobby Brown, who "laced marijuana with rock cocaine".[209] By 1996, she told Oprah, "[doing drugs] was an everyday thing... I wasn't happy by that point in time. I was losing myself."[210]
Houston released her new album, I Look to You, in August 2009.[211] The album's first two singles are "I Look to You" and "Million Dollar Bill". The album entered the Billboard 200 at No. 1, with Houston's best opening-week sales of 305,000 copies, marking Houston's first number one album since The Bodyguard, and Houston's first studio album to reach number one since 1987's Whitney. Houston also appeared on European television programs to promote the album. She performed the song "I Look to You" on the German television show Wetten, dass..?. Three days later, she performed the worldwide first single from I Look To You, Million Dollar Bill, on the French television show Le Grand Journal. Houston appeared as guest mentor on The X Factor in the United Kingdom. She performed "Million Dollar Bill" on the following day's results show, completing the song even as a strap in the back of her dress popped open two minutes into the performance. She later commented that she "sang [herself] out of [her] clothes".
The performance was poorly received by the British media, and was variously described as "weird" and "ungracious",[212] "shambolic"[213] and a "flop". Despite this reception, "Million Dollar Bill" jumped to its peak from 14 to number 5 (her first UK top 5 for over a decade), and three weeks after release "I Look to You" went gold. Houston appeared on the Italian version of The X Factor, performing the same song "Million Dollar Bill" to excellent reviews.[214] She was awarded the Gold Certificate for achieving over 50,000 CD sales of "I Look To You" in Italy.[215] In November, Houston performed "I Didn't Know My Own Strength" at the 2009 American Music Awards in Los Angeles, California. Two days later, Houston performed both songs on the Dancing With The Stars season 9 finale. As of December 2009, "I Look to You" has been certified platinum by the RIAA for sales of more than one million copies in the United States.[216] On January 26, 2010, her debut album was re-released in a special edition entitled Whitney Houston – The Deluxe Anniversary Edition.[217]
Houston later embarked on a world tour, entitled the Nothing but Love World Tour. It was her first world tour in over ten years and was announced as a triumphant comeback. However, some poor reviews and rescheduled concerts brought some negative media attention.[218][219] Houston canceled some concerts due to illness and received widespread negative reviews from fans who were disappointed in the quality of her voice and performance. Some fans reportedly walked out of her concerts.[220]
In January 2010, Houston was nominated for two NAACP Image Awards, one for Best Female Artist and one for Best Music Video. She won the award for Best Music Video for her single "I Look to You". On January 16, she received The BET Honors Award for Entertainer citing her lifetime achievements spanning over 25 years in the industry. The 2010 BET Honors award was held at the Warner Theatre in Washington, D.C. and aired on February 1, 2010. Jennifer Hudson and Kim Burrell performed in honor of her, garnering positive reviews. Houston also received a nomination from the Echo Awards, Germany's version of the Grammys, for Best International Artist. In April 2010, the UK newspaper The Mirror reported that Houston was thinking about recording her eighth studio album and wanted to collaborate with will.i.am (of The Black Eyed Peas), her first choice for a collaboration.[221]
Houston also performed the song "I Look to You" on the 2011 BET Celebration of Gospel, with gospel–jazz singer Kim Burrell, held at the Staples Center, Los Angeles. The performance aired on January 30, 2011. Early in 2011, she gave an uneven performance in tribute to cousin Dionne Warwick at music mogul Clive Davis' annual pre-Grammy gala. In May 2011, Houston enrolled in a rehabilitation center again, as an out-patient, citing drug and alcohol problems. A representative for Houston said that it was a part of Houston's "longstanding recovery process".[222]
In September 2011, The Hollywood Reporter announced that Houston would produce and star alongside Jordin Sparks and Mike Epps in the remake of the 1976 film Sparkle. In the film, Houston portrays Sparks' "not-so encouraging mother". Houston would have executive producer credits on top of acting credits according to Debra Martin Chase, producer of Sparkle. She stated that Houston deserved the title considering she had been there from the beginning in 2001, when Houston obtained Sparkle production rights. R&B singer Aaliyah – originally tapped to star as Sparkle – died in a 2001 plane crash. Her death derailed production, which would have begun in 2002.[223][224][225] Houston's remake of Sparkle was filmed in the fall of 2011,[226] and is set for release by TriStar Pictures in August 2012.[227]
Death[link]
|
Wikinews has related news: American pop star Whitney Houston dies at 48 |
On February 9, 2012, Houston visited singers Brandy and Monica, together with Clive Davis, at their rehearsals for Davis' pre-Grammy Awards party at the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills.[228][229] That same day, she made her last public performance, when she joined Kelly Price on stage in Hollywood, California, and sang "Jesus Loves Me".[230][231]
On February 11, 2012, Houston was found dead in suite 434 at the Beverly Hilton Hotel, submerged in the bathtub.[232][233] The cause of death was not immediately known.[234][235] It was later ruled by the coroner to have been an "accidental drowning".[236] Beverly Hills paramedics arrived at approximately 3:30 p.m. and found the singer unresponsive and performed CPR. Houston was pronounced dead at 3:55 p.m. PST.[234][237] Local police said there were "no obvious signs of criminal intent."[238] On March 22, 2012, the Los Angeles County coroner's office reported the cause of Houston's death was drowning and the "effects of atherosclerotic heart disease and cocaine use".[239] The office stated the amount of cocaine found in Houston's body indicated that she used the substance shortly before her death.[240] Toxicology results revealed additional drugs in her system: Benadryl, Xanax, marijuana and Flexiril.[241] The manner of death was listed as an "accident".[242]
Houston had an invitation-only memorial on Saturday, February 18, 2012, at the New Hope Baptist Church in Newark, New Jersey. The service was scheduled for two hours, but lasted for four hours.[243] Among those who performed at the funeral were Stevie Wonder (rewritten version of "Ribbon in the Sky," and "Love's in Need of Love Today"), CeCe Winans ("Don't Cry" and "Jesus Loves Me"), Alicia Keys ("Send Me an Angel"), Kim Burrell (rewritten version of "A Change Is Gonna Come") and R. Kelly ("I Look to You"), interspersed with hymns by the church choir and remarks by Clive Davis, Houston’s record producer; Kevin Costner; Ricky Minor her music director; her cousin Dionne Warwick and Ray Watson, her security guard for the past 11 years. Aretha Franklin was listed on the program and was expected to sing, but was unable to attend the service.[244][245] Bobby Brown, Houston's ex-husband, was also invited to the funeral but he left before the service began.[246] Houston was buried on Sunday, February 19, 2012, in Fairview Cemetery, in Westfield, New Jersey next to her father, John Russell Houston, who died in 2003.[247]
Reaction[link]
The Clive Davis' pre-Grammy party that Houston was expected to attend, and that featured many of the biggest names in music and movies, went on as scheduled although it was quickly turned into a tribute to Houston. Davis spoke about Houston's death at the evening's start: "By now you have all learned of the unspeakably tragic news of our beloved Whitney's passing. I don't have to mask my emotion in front of a room full of so many dear friends. I am personally devastated by the loss of someone who has meant so much to me for so many years. Whitney was so full of life. She was so looking forward to tonight even though she wasn't scheduled to perform. Whitney was a beautiful person and a talent beyond compare. She graced this stage with her regal presence and gave so many memorable performances here over the years. Simply put, Whitney would have wanted the music to go on and her family asked that we carry on."[248]
Tony Bennett spoke of Houston's death before performing at Davis' party. He said, "First, it was Michael Jackson, then Amy Winehouse, now, the magnificent Whitney Houston". Bennett sang "How Do You Keep the Music Playing?" and said of Houston, "When I first heard her, I called Clive Davis and said, 'You finally found the greatest singer I've ever heard in my life.'"[249]
Some celebrities opposed Davis' decision to continue on the party while a police investigation was being conducted in Houston's hotel room and her body was still in the building. Chaka Khan, in an interview with CNN's Piers Morgan on February 13, 2012, shared that she felt the party should have been canceled, saying "I thought that was complete insanity. And knowing Whitney I don't believe that she would have said 'the show must go on.' She's the kind of woman that would've said 'Stop everything! Un-unh. I'm not going to be there.' [...] I don't know what could motivate a person to have a party in a building where the person whose life he had influenced so enormously and whose life had been affected by hers. They were like... I don't understand how that party went on."[250] Sharon Osbourne condemned the Davis party, declaring "I think it was disgraceful that the party went on. I don't want to be in a hotel room when there's someone you admire who's tragically lost their life four floors up. I'm not interested in being in that environment and I think when you grieve someone, you do it privately, you do it with people who understand you. I thought it was so wrong."[251]
Several other celebrities released statements responding to Houston's death. Dolly Parton, whose song "I Will Always Love You" was covered by Houston, said, "I will always be grateful and in awe of the wonderful performance she did on my song and I can truly say from the bottom of my heart, 'Whitney, I will always love you. You will be missed'." Aretha Franklin said, "It's so stunning and unbelievable. I couldn't believe what I was reading coming across the TV screen."[252] Mariah Carey said, "Heartbroken and in tears over the shocking death of my friend ... She will never be forgotten as one of the greatest voices to ever grace the earth."[253] Oprah Winfrey, who did an in-depth interview with Houston in 2009, wrote on Twitter "To me Whitney was THE VOICE. We got to hear a part of God every time she sang. Heart is heavy, spirit grateful for the GIFT of her."[254] Quincy Jones said, "I am absolutely heartbroken at the news of Whitney’s passing. Ashford & Simpson first made me aware of Whitney when she was just sixteen, and I always regretted not having had the opportunity to work with her. She was a true original and a talent beyond compare. I will miss her terribly."[253]
Moments after news of her death emerged, CNN, MSNBC and Fox News all broke from their regularly scheduled programming to dedicate time to non-stop coverage of Houston's death. All three featured live interviews with people who knew Houston including those that have worked with her, interviewed her along with some of her peers in the music industry. Saturday Night Live displayed a photo of a smiling Houston, alongside Molly Shannon, from her 1996 appearance.[255][256] MTV and VH-1 interrupted their regularly scheduled programming on Sunday February 12 to air many of Houston's classic videos with MTV often airing news segments in between and featuring various reactions from fans and celebrities.
Houston's former husband, Bobby Brown, was reported to be "in and out of crying fits" since receiving the news. He did not cancel a scheduled performance and within hours of his ex-wife's sudden death, an audience in Mississippi observed as Brown blew kisses skyward, tearfully saying: "I love you, Whitney".[257]
Ken Ehrlich, executive producer of the 54th Grammy Awards, announced that Jennifer Hudson would perform a tribute to Houston at the February 12, 2012, awards. He said "event organizers believed Hudson – an Academy Award-winning actress and Grammy Award-winning artist – could perform a respectful musical tribute to Houston". Ehrlich went on to say: "It's too fresh in everyone's memory to do more at this time, but we would be remiss if we didn't recognize Whitney's remarkable contribution to music fans in general, and in particular her close ties with the Grammy telecast and her Grammy wins and nominations over the years".[258] At the start of the awards ceremony, a footage of Houston performing "I Will Always Love You" from 1994 Grammys was shown following a prayer read by host, LL Cool J. Later in the program following a montage of photos of musicians who died in 2011 with Houston singing "Saving All My Love for You" at the 1986 Grammys, Hudson paid tribute to Houston and the other artists by performing "I Will Always Love You".[259][260]
Houston was honored in the form of various tributes at the 43rd NAACP Image Awards, held on February 17. A image montage of Houston and important black figures who died in 2011 was followed by video footage from the 1994 ceremony, which depicted her accepting two Image Awards for outstanding female artist and entertainer of the year. Following the video tribute, Yolanda Adams delivered a rendition of "I Love the Lord" from The Preacher's Wife Soundtrack. In the finale of the ceremony, Kirk Franklin and The Family started their performance with "Greatest Love of All."[261] The 2012 BRIT Awards, which took place at London's O2 Arena on February 21, also paid tribute to Houston by playing a 30-second-video montage of her music videos with a snippet of "One Moment in Time" as the background music in the ceremony's first segment.[262] New Jersey Governor Chris Christie said that all New Jersey state flags would be flown at half-staff on Tuesday, February 21 to honor Houston.[263] Accompanied by Esperanza Spalding belting out "What a Wonderful World" along with the Southern California Children's Choir, Houston was featured in the In Memoriam montage alongside other cinema greats at the 84th Academy Awards, held at the Hollywood and Highland Center on February 26, 2012.[264][265]
Artistry and legacy[link]
Voice[link]
 |
One of Houston's best selling singles worldwide and recognized songs, "I Will Always Love You" prominently uses melismas.
|
| Problems listening to this file? See media help. | |
Houston was a mezzo-soprano,[266][267] and was commonly referred to as "The Voice" in reference to her exceptional vocal talent.[268] Her vocal range extended from G below middle C (G3) to high B-flat (B♭5); she could belt out to treble F (F5).[269] She was third in MTV's list of 22 Greatest Voices,[270] and sixth on Online Magazine COVE's list of the 100 Best Pop Vocalists with a score of 48.5/50.[271] In 2008, Rolling Stone listed Houston as the thirty-fourth of the 100 greatest singers of all time, stating, "Her voice is a mammoth, coruscating cry: Few vocalists could get away with opening a song with 45 unaccompanied seconds of singing, but Houston's powerhouse version of Dolly Parton's 'I Will Always Love You' is a tour de force."[98] Matthew Perpetua from Rolling Stone also eulogized Houston's vocal, enumerating ten performances, including "How Will I Know" from the 1986 MTV VMAs and "The Star Spangled Banner" at the 1991 Super Bowl. "Whitney Houston was blessed with an astonishing vocal range and extraordinary technical skill, but what truly made her a great singer was her ability to connect with a song and drive home its drama and emotion with incredible precision," he stated. "She was a brilliant performer, and her live shows often eclipsed her studio recordings."[272]
Jon Caramanica of The New York Times commented, "Her voice was clean and strong, with barely any grit, well suited to the songs of love and aspiration. [...] Hers was a voice of triumph and achievement, and it made for any number of stunning, time-stopping vocal performances."[273] Mariah Carey stated, "She [Whitney] has a really rich, strong mid-belt that very few people have. She sounds really good, really strong."[274] While in her review of I Look to You, music critic Ann Powers of the Los Angeles Times writes, "[Houston's voice] stands like monuments upon the landscape of 20th century pop, defining the architecture of their times, sheltering the dreams of millions and inspiring the climbing careers of countless imitators", adding "When she was at her best, nothing could match her huge, clean, cool mezzo-soprano".[267]
Lauren Everitt from BBC News Magazine commented on melisma used in Houston's recording and its influence. "An early 'I' in Whitney Houston's 'I Will Always Love You' takes nearly six seconds to sing. In those seconds the former gospel singer-turned-pop star packs a series of different notes into the single syllable," stated Everitt. "The technique is repeated throughout the song, most pronouncedly on every 'I' and 'you'. The vocal technique is called melisma, and it has inspired a host of imitators. Other artists may have used it before Houston, but it was her rendition of Dolly Parton's love song that pushed the technique into the mainstream in the 90s. [...] But perhaps what Houston nailed best was moderation." Everitt said that "[i]n a climate of reality shows ripe with 'oversinging', it's easy to appreciate Houston's ability to save melisma for just the right moment".[275]
Houston's vocal stylings have had a significant impact on the music industry. She has been called the "Queen of Pop" for her influence during the 1990s, commercially rivaling Mariah Carey and Celine Dion.[276] Stephen Holden from The New York Times, in his review of Houston's Radio City Music Hall concert on July 20, 1993, praised her attitude as a singer, writing, "Whitney Houston is one of the few contemporary pop stars of whom it might be said: the voice suffices. While almost every performer whose albums sell in the millions calls upon an entertainer's bag of tricks, from telling jokes to dancing to circus pyrotechnics, Ms. Houston would rather just stand there and sing." With regard to her singing style, he added: "Her [Houston's] stylistic trademarks – shivery melismas that ripple up in the middle of a song, twirling embellishments at the ends of phrases that suggest an almost breathless exhilaration – infuse her interpretations with flashes of musical and emotional lightning."[277]
Elysa Gardner of the Los Angeles Times in her review for The Preacher's Wife Soundtrack praised Houston's vocal ability highly, commenting, "She is first and foremost a pop diva – at that, the best one we have. No other female pop star – not Mariah Carey, not Celine Dion, not Barbra Streisand – quite rivals Houston in her exquisite vocal fluidity and purity of tone, and her ability to infuse a lyric with mesmerizing melodrama."[278]
Influence[link]
During the 1980s, MTV was coming into its own and received criticism for not playing enough videos by black artists. With Michael Jackson breaking down the color barrier for black male artists, Houston did the same for black female artists. She became the first black female artist to receive heavy rotation on the network following the success of the "How Will I Know" video.[279] Following Houston's breakthrough, other African-American female artists, such as Janet Jackson and Anita Baker, were successful in popular music.[52][53] Baker commented that "Because of what Whitney and Sade did, there was an opening for me... For radio stations, black women singers aren't taboo anymore."[280]
Allmusic noted her contribution to the success of black artists on the pop scene, commenting, "Houston was able to handle big adult contemporary ballads, effervescent, stylish dance-pop, and slick urban contemporary soul with equal dexterity" and that "the result was an across-the-board appeal that was matched by scant few artists of her era, and helped her become one of the first black artists to find success on MTV in Michael Jackson's wake".[281] The New York Times stated that "Houston was a major catalyst for a movement within black music that recognized the continuity of soul, pop, jazz and gospel vocal traditions".[282] Richard Corliss of Time magazine commented on her initial success breaking various barriers:
Of her first album's ten cuts, six were ballads. This chanteuse [Houston] had to fight for air play with hard rockers. The young lady had to stand uncowed in the locker room of macho rock. The soul strutter had to seduce a music audience that anointed few black artists with superstardom. [...] She was a phenomenon waiting to happen, a canny tapping of the listener's yen for a return to the musical middle. And because every new star creates her own genre, her success has helped other blacks, other women, other smooth singers find an avid reception in the pop marketplace.[283]
Stephen Holden of The New York Times said that Houston "revitalized the tradition of strong gospel-oriented pop-soul singing".[284] Ann Powers of the Los Angeles Times referred to the singer as a "national treasure".[267] Jon Caramanica, other music critic of The New York Times, called Houston "R&B's great modernizer," adding "slowly but surely reconciling the ambition and praise of the church with the movements and needs of the body and the glow of the mainstream".[273] He also drew comparisons between Houston's influence and other big names' on 1980s pop:
She was, alongside Michael Jackson and Madonna, one of the crucial figures to hybridize pop in the 1980s, though her strategy was far less radical than that of her peers. Jackson and Madonna were by turns lascivious and brutish and, crucially, willing to let their production speak more loudly than their voices, an option Ms. Houston never went for. Also, she was less prolific than either of them, achieving most of her renown on the strength of her first three solo albums and one soundtrack, released from 1985 to 1992. If she was less influential than they were in the years since, it was only because her gift was so rare, so impossible to mimic. Jackson and Madonna built worldviews around their voices; Ms. Houston’s voice was the worldview. She was someone more to be admired, like a museum piece, than to be emulated.[273]
The Independent's music critic Andy Gill also wrote about Houston's influence on modern R&B and singing competitions, comparing it to Michael Jackson's. "Because Whitney, more than any other single artist ― Michael Jackson included ― effectively mapped out the course of modern R&B, setting the bar for standards of soul vocalese, and creating the original template for what we now routinely refer to as the 'soul diva'," stated Gill. "Jackson was a hugely talented icon, certainly, but he will be as well remembered (probably more so) for his presentational skills, his dazzling dance moves, as for his musical innovations. Whitney, on the other hand, just sang, and the ripples from her voice continue to dominate the pop landscape." Gill said that there "are few, if any, Jackson imitators on today's TV talent shows, but every other contestant is a Whitney wannabe, desperately attempting to emulate that wondrous combination of vocal effects – the flowing melisma, the soaring mezzo-soprano confidence, the tremulous fluttering that carried the ends of lines into realms of higher yearning".[285]
Houston was considered by many to be a "singer's singer", who had an influence on countless other vocalists, both female and male.[98][286] Similarly, Steve Huey from Allmusic wrote that the shadow of Houston's prodigious technique still looms large over nearly every pop diva and smooth urban soul singer – male or female – in her wake, and spawned a legion of imitators.[281] Rolling Stone, on her biography, stated that Houston "redefined the image of a female soul icon and inspired singers ranging from Mariah Carey to Rihanna".[287] Essence ranked Houston the fifth on their list of 50 Most Influential R&B Stars of all time, calling her "the diva to end all divas".[288]
A number of artists have acknowledged Houston as an influence, including Celine Dion,[289] Mariah Carey,[98] Toni Braxton,[290] Christina Aguilera,[291] LeAnn Rimes,[292] Jessica Simpson,[293] Nelly Furtado,[294][295] Kelly Clarkson, Britney Spears,[296] Ciara,[297] P!nk,[296] Ashanti,[298] Robin Thicke,[299] Jennifer Hudson, Stacie Orrico, Amerie,[300] and Destiny's Child.[296][301] Mariah Carey, who was often compared to Houston, said, "She [Houston] has been a big influence on me."[302] She later told USA Today that "none of us would sound the same if Aretha Franklin hadn't ever put out a record, or Whitney Houston hadn't."[303] Celine Dion who was the third member of the troika that dominated female pop singing in the 1990s, did a telephone interview with Good Morning America on February 13, 2012, telling "Whitney's been an amazing inspiration for me. I've been singing with her my whole career, actually. I wanted to have a career like hers, sing like her, look beautiful like her."[304] Beyoncé told the Globe and Mail that Houston "inspired [her] to get up there and do what [she] did".[305] She also wrote on her website on the day after Houston's death, "I, like every singer, always wanted to be just like [Houston]. Her voice was perfect. Strong but soothing. Soulful and classic. Her vibrato, her cadence, her control. So many of my life's memories are attached to a Whitney Houston song. She is our queen and she opened doors and provided a blueprint for all of us."[306]
Mary J. Blige said that Houston inviting her onstage during VH1's Divas Live show in 1999 "opened doors for [her] all over the world".[307] Brandy stated, "The first Whitney Houston CD was genius. That CD introduced the world to her angelic yet powerful voice. Without Whitney, half of this generation of singers wouldn't be singing."[308] Kelly Rowland, in an Ebony's feature article celebrating black music in June 2006, recalled that "[I] wanted to be a singer after I saw Whitney Houston on TV singing 'Greatest Love of All'. I wanted to sing like Whitney Houston in that red dress." She added that "And I have never, ever forgotten that song [Greatest Love of All]. I learned it backward, forward, sideways. The video still brings chills to me. When you wish and pray for something as a kid, you never know what blessings God will give you."[309]
Alicia Keys said "Whitney is an artist who inspired me from [the time I was] a little girl".[310] Oscar winner Jennifer Hudson cites Houston as her biggest musical influence. She told Newsday that she learned from Houston the "difference between being able to sing and knowing how to sing".[311] Leona Lewis, who has been called "the new Whitney Houston", also cites her as an influence. Lewis stated that she idolized her as a little girl.[312][313]
Awards and achievements[link]
Further information: List of awards and nominations received by Whitney Houston and Whitney Houston chart records and achievements
Houston was the most awarded female artist of all time, according to Guinness World Records,[1] with two Emmy Awards, six Grammy Awards, 30 Billboard Music Awards, 22 American Music Awards, among a total of 415 career awards as of 2010. She held the all-time record for the most American Music Awards of any female solo artist and shared the record with Michael Jackson for the most AMAs ever won in a single year with eight wins in 1994.[314] Houston won a record 11 Billboard Music Awards at its fourth ceremony in 1993.[315] She also had the record for the most WMAs won in a single year, winning five awards at the 6th World Music Awards in 1994.[316]
In May 2003, Houston placed at number three on VH1's list of "50 Greatest Women of the Video Era", behind Madonna and Janet Jackson.[317] She was also ranked at number 116 on their list of the "200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons of All Time".[318] In 2008, Billboard magazine released a list of the Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists to celebrate the US singles chart's 50th anniversary, ranking Houston at number nine.[319][320] Similarly, she was ranked as one of the "Top 100 Greatest Artists of All Time" by VH1 in September 2010.[321] In November 2010, Billboard released its "Top 50 R&B/Hip-Hop Artists of the Past 25 Years" list and ranked Houston at number three whom not only went on to earn eight number one singles on the R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but also landed five number ones on R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.[322]
Houston's debut album is listed as one of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time by Rolling Stone magazine[49] and is on Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's Definitive 200 list.[50] In 2004, Billboard picked the success of her first release on the charts as one of 110 Musical Milestones in its history.[323] Houston's entrance into the music industry is considered one of the 25 musical milestones of the last 25 years, according to USA Today in 2007. It stated that she paved the way for Mariah Carey's chart-topping vocal gymnastics.[51] In 1997, the Franklin School in East Orange, New Jersey was renamed to The Whitney E. Houston Academy School of Creative and Performing Arts. In 2001, Houston was the first artist to be given a BET Lifetime Achievement Award.[324]
Houston was one of the world's best-selling music artists, having sold over 200 million albums and singles worldwide.[2][3] She was ranked as the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States by the Recording Industry Association of America, with 55 million certified albums sold in the US.[216][325]
She held an Honorary Doctorate in Humanities from Grambling State University, Louisiana.[326]
Discography[link]
Main articles: Whitney Houston discography and Whitney Houston videography
- Studio Albums
- 1985: Whitney Houston
- 1987: Whitney
- 1990: I'm Your Baby Tonight
- 1998: My Love Is Your Love
- 2002: Just Whitney
- 2009: I Look to You
- Holiday Albums
Filmography[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes and awards |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1992 | The Bodyguard | Rachel Marron | Feature film
|
| 1995 | Waiting to Exhale | Savannah Jackson | Feature film
|
| 1996 | The Preacher's Wife | Julia Biggs | Feature film
|
| 1997 | Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella | Fairy Godmother | Made-for-television film, part of a revival of the Wonderful World of Disney.[335]
|
| 2012 | Sparkle | Emma | Posthumous release |
| Year | Title | Network | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1984 | Gimme a Break! | NBC | Rita | "Katie's College" (Season 3, Episode 20, air date: March 15, 1984)[338] |
| As the World Turns | CBS | Herself | Houston appeared on the soap on August 1–2, 1984, with Jermaine Jackson singing two duets off a new album he was releasing at the time: "Take Good Care of My Heart" and "Nobody Loves Me Like You Do." They taped their appearance on July 25 at CBS Studios in New York City. | |
| 1985 | Silver Spoons | NBC | Herself | "Head Over Heels" (Season 4, Episode 1, air date: September 15, 1985)[338] She performed the edited version of "Saving All My Love for You", changing some of the words. |
| 2002 | Boston Public | Fox | Herself | She performed "Try It On My Own" from the 2002 studio album Just Whitney. |
| Year | Company | Promoting | Country | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | Dr Pepper/Seven Up | Canada Dry (soft drink beverage) |
United States |
|
| 1986 | Coca-Cola | Diet Coke (soft drink beverage) |
United States | |
| 1988 | Coca-Cola | Diet Coke (soft drink beverage) |
United States |
|
| 1989 | Sanyo | Electronics (the stereo, TV) |
Japan |
|
| 1994/ 1995 |
AT&T | Telephone services | United States | |
| 1999 | Nissin | Consumer credit business | Japan |
|
| Year | Title | Director | Notes and awards |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella | Robert Iscove | Executive producer[350]
|
| 2001 | The Princess Diaries | Garry Marshall | Producer[351]
|
| 2003 | The Cheetah Girls | Oz Scott | Producer[356] |
| 2004 | The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement | Garry Marshall | Producer[357] |
| 2006 | The Cheetah Girls 2: When in Spain | Kenny Ortega | Co-executive producer[358] |
Tours[link]
Main article: List of Whitney Houston tours and concerts
See also[link]
References[link]
Further reading[link]
External links[link]
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
http://wn.com/Whitney_Houston
Related pages:
http://de.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://es.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://ru.wn.com/Хьюстон, Уитни
http://cs.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://pt.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://pl.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://hi.wn.com/व्हिटनी ह्यूस्टन
http://it.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://id.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://nl.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://fr.wn.com/Whitney Houston
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitney_Houston
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
