Interbrand, a division of Omnicom, is a global branding consultancy, specializing in vast brand services including brand strategy, brand analytics, brand valuation, corporate design, digital brand management, packaging design and naming. Today, Interbrand is among the world's largest brand consultancies, having grown to include 40 offices in 25 countries.

History[link]

Interbrand was founded by John Murphy, a native of Essex in the United Kingdom. His interest in branding design began while working in the corporate planning and marketing department at Dunlop Corporation, a leader in the tire industry.

In 1974, Murphy decided to leave Dunlop and along with his wife opened Novamark, a product-naming consultancy. In 1979, to the benefit of its growing client roster, Novamark opened an office in New York, but under the name Interbrand. The new name reflected a shift in the company's offerings. No longer focused on naming and registering trademarks alone, the company was now involved in the more encompassing activity of brand strategy and design.^[1]

Throughout the 1970s and 1980s international offices were opened, including Tokyo and Frankfurt, Milan, Los Angeles, and Melbourne - all offering a full range of branding services: brand valuation, new product development, naming, legal searches, and graphic design.

In 1993, Interbrand was acquired by the Omnicom Group, and throughout the 1990s and 2000s expanded their service capabilities by acquiring leading branding and identity consultancies in the UK, Asia-Pacific, South America, Germany, and in South Africa. By going global, Interbrand improved its abilities to deal with cross-language and cross-cultural branding.^[2]

Case Studies[link]

AT&T

After SBC acquired AT&T in 2005 to form the largest telecommunications company in the United States, Interbrand New York was asked to position the new entity that would re-emerge as a category leader. Since then Interbrand has helped AT&T with several significant brand evolutions given their role as a driving force in a dynamic and constantly changing industry. In 2009, the company helped AT&T launch Rethink Possible. Rethink Possible is rooted in optimism and possibility. It represents a point of view and a lifestyle choice that can be fueled by what AT&T has to offer. Interbrand’s work for AT&T spans more than five years of progressive brand evolution and has helped AT&T seize opportunity at key inflection points of industry change.^[3]

Petroc

Following a merger between North Devon College and East Devon College, the newly combined institution had no over-arching character to help differentiate it against the region’s many competing colleges. Interbrand’s challenge was to radically rebrand the newly formed institution, raise the profile of the new college, and reposition it as a leading institution above and beyond the reach of the immediate region. The solution was the new name Petroc, which came from consultations with staff and students, (Saint Petroc was a sixth century Celtic Christian who ministered in Devon and Cornwall) and its associated verbal and visual identity guidelines.^[4] The new brand was launched on September 23, 2009.^[5] The project won two Transform Awards in 2010.^[6]

Methodology[link]

Interbrand has refined its processing of contracts into a five-step discounted Economic Value Added methodology. Through a similar methodology, Interbrand releases an annual ranking of the best global brands, which valuates each brand's financial performance, role, and strength. The annual report is known as "The Best Global Brands," and is published in Business Week.^[7] To qualify, brands must have a presence on at least three major continents, and must have broad geographic coverage in growing and emerging markets. Thirty percent of revenues must come from outside the home country, and no more than fifty percent of revenues should come from any one continent.

The credibility of the Interbrand and Millward Brown league tables have been cast into doubt by an article written in Marketing Week by Mark Ritson.^[8] The lack of clear definitions and valuation dates in the both companies methodology raise questions about the subjectivity involved in brand valuations. Being part of multinational advertising groups, Interbrand and Millward Brown also suffer from the risk of objectivity. Transparency and objectivity are two of the requirements of the ISO 10668 standard of monetary brand valuations.

See also[link]

• Brand Finance
• BrandZ
• Superbrands
• RankingTheBrands

References[link]

External links[link]

• Interbrand Corporate Website
• Website of InterbrandHealth
• brandchannel - online magazine about branding, produced by Interbrand

Joe Tripodi
Member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Fairfield
In office 25 March 1995 – 26 March 2011
Preceded by	Geoff Irwin
Succeeded by	Guy Zangari
Personal details
Born	Joseph Guerino Tripodi (1967-11-25) 25 November 1967 (age 44) Fairfield, New South Wales
Nationality	Australia
Political party	Australian Labor Party
Relations	Angela D'Amore (sister-in-law)
Alma mater	University of Sydney
Occupation	Economist and union organiser

Joseph Guerino "Joe" Tripodi (born 25 November 1967), a former Australian politician, was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly representing the electorate of Fairfield for the Australian Labor Party between 1995 and 2011. He was Minister for Finance, Infrastructure, Regulatory Reform, Ports and Waterways under former Premier Nathan Rees.^[1] He was a controversial figure during his time in politics, known as a factional boss,^[2] within the NSW Labor Right whose Terrigals sub-faction has twice dumped the sitting Labor Premier during 2007 and 2010. On 11 November 2010, he announced his decision to not contest the 2011 state election.^[3]

Early career[link]

Tripodi was born in 1967 and raised in Fairfield, New South Wales, the eldest of four children to Italian migrants Angelo and Iolanda,^[4] receiving his early years of education at Westfields High School, West Fairfield.^[5] He graduated with a Bachelor of Economics (Hons) from the University of Sydney and became an economist with the Reserve Bank of Australia from 1989 to 1991. At age 16, Tripodi joined the Labor Party and served as State Secretary of NSW Young Labor,^[5] later becoming an official with the NSW Labor Council from 1993 to 1995.^[6]

Political career[link]

In 1995, Tripodi was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, representing the western Sydney electorate of Fairfield for Labor.

Prior to entering the ministry Tripodi was the Chairman of the Legislative Assembly Public Accounts Committee. He was the Minister for Housing from February to August 2005, when he became Minister for Roads. In September 2005, he was chased and grabbed on the floor of the Assembly by National Party member Andrew Fraser, apparently in relation to a road funding issue.^[7] In February 2006, he became Minister for Energy, Minister for Ports and Waterways and Minister Assisting the Treasurer on Business and Economic Regulatory Reform.^[6] In April 2007, he became Minister for Small Business, Regulatory Reform, Ports and Waterways.^[6]

In 2007, former premier Bob Carr was critical of Tripodi's performance as waterways minister with regard to his management of harbour development.^[8]

In 2009, it was reported that Tripodi had proposed electricity industry reform in NSW that would result in the three state-owned retailers being sold off to private enterprise and the sale of long-term "gentrader" contracts.^[9]

Factional boss[link]

Along with Eddie Obeid, Tripodi is seen as a factional leader of a sub-faction known informally as "the Terrigals".^[10] He and Obeid have been held responsible for ending the hopes of loyal Terrigal Carl Scully of becoming NSW Premier in 2005 following the resignation of Bob Carr. Tripodi and Obeid reportedly walked into Scully's office and informed him that they had decided to support then Health Minister Morris Iemma instead.^[10] This has since been described as "one of the greatest acts of bastardry of all time".^[10] Iemma went on to become Premier and win the 2007 NSW elections however in 2008 Tripodi and Obeid withdrew their support for Iemma, forcing Iemma to resign from the NSW Premiership.^[11]

On 8 September 2008 Iemma's successor Nathan Rees promoted Tripodi to the Finance and Infrastructure portfolios, in addition to his previous responsibilities of Ports and Waterways, and Regulatory Reform.^[12] On 15 November 2009 Rees dumped Tripodi from the front bench for allegedly plotting to install former Health Minister John Della Bosca as Premier; Rees used new special powers granted to him at the NSW Labor Party State Conference the day before, which gave him authority to choose who serves on the Labor front bench instead of the State Parliamentary Labor Party.^[1] Soon afterwards, Tripodi enacted revenge on Rees by organising a petition calling for a special caucus meeting to enable a leadership challenge.^[13] This resulted in Rees on 3 December 2009 stating that "Should I not be Premier by the end of this day, let there be no doubt in the community's mind, no doubt, that any challenger will be a puppet of Eddie Obeid and Joe Tripodi".^[14] Rees that day subsequently lost the leadership and Premiership to Kristina Keneally.

Controversy[link]

His career from early on until its end, was marked by a series of public allegations about impropriety and corruption. In October 2000, he was accused of sexually assaulting an Australian Democrats staffer at a New South Wales Parliament House function the month before.^[15] The complainant made an initial statement to the NSW Police, but withdrew it the following day. It was later alleged that one of the police officers who investigated the original complaint was a member of Tripodi's branch of the ALP.

In 2001, the manager of a committee chaired by Tripodi took out an apprehended violence order (AVO) against the MP after he publicly opposed a development application by her husband for a tavern opposite a primary school in Tripodi's electorate.^[16] The AVO was withdrawn shortly afterward.

Tripodi was also accused of branch stacking. In 1996, it was reported that he paid almost $7,000 in cash to the ALP head office to fund a "branch stack".^[17]

Tripodi was implicated in the Orange Grove affair, but subsequently cleared by the Independent Commission Against Corruption in 2005.^[18]

Whilst Minister for Roads, Tripodi was chased and grabbed by Coffs Harbour local member Andrew Fraser on the floor of Parliament in September 2005, apparently in relation to a lack of funding for the main roads, including the Pacific Highway in Coffs Harbour.^[19] Fraser apologised to Parliament and Tripodi. It was revealed that alcohol may have influenced Fraser's rage.^[20]

Coalition campaign advertising ahead of the 2007 election identified Tripodi—along with Treasurer Michael Costa and Planning Minister Frank Sartor—as one of the government's least popular. Independent MPs indicated that, in the event of a hung parliament, they would not support a minority Labor government in which Tripodi remained a minister.^[21]

During an ICAC investigation into Wollongong City Council in 2008, it was revealed that a former Council officer against whom corruption allegations had been made was a personal friend of Tripodi's and had subsequently appointed to a senior position in a department in his portfolio ^[22][23] Tripodi claimed the appointment had been "at arm's length" from him, and on 3 March 2008 the ICAC indicated there was no evidence that would sustain an investigation.^[24] This was criticised by Opposition Leader Barry O'Farrell who stated that the community would feel let down by the ICAC's decision.^[24]

Resignation[link]

Tripodi's announcement of his decision to not contest the March 2011 NSW election came as pressure was mounting from the Premier Kristina Keneally to "refresh and renew" Labor politics in NSW.^[25] Tripodi was the 15th Labor MP to announce their retirement since the last state election in 2007.^[26] Although denying that he was pushed, Keneally praised his contribution to government economic reform, especially in the areas of energy, housing and ports.^[3][26] There was significant media opinion that Tripodi's decision was a major victory for Labor's head office who saw him as a political liability.^[2][27][28]

References[link]

David Jenkinson (6 August 1934 – 27 April 2004) was a railway modeller and historian, who had a particular interest in the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and was president of the LMS Society.

Biography[link]

Jenkinson was born in Leeds and educated at Prince Henry's Grammar School, Otley, which in 1951 took him to a field trip to the Settle-Carlisle Railway line (S&C), which would start a lengthy relationship with that line. He went to London University where he met his future wife Sheila, with whom he had four children (Christopher, Hilary, Timothy and Nicola).

After graduating Jenkinson joined the Royal Air Force (RAF) in 1956, from which he retired in 1972 having achieved the rank of Squadron Leader.^[1] During this time he built his 4 mm scale EM gauge models Marthwaite and Garsdale Road (see Garsdale) representing a station on the S&C set during the 1930s period when it was run by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS).

In 1963, with Bob Essery and others he founded the LMS Society.^[2] Alone and with Essery he authored many books, the most important was their book on LMS Coaches, which was groundbreaking in its treatment of a non-locomotive subject.

Soon after the Science Museum was asked to take on the historic railway collections, David, having retired from the RAF, applied for and was appointed as a education officer with the Science Museum at South Kensington, where he worked with John van Riemsdijk on the layout of the new building in York.^[1] He subsequently became Head of Education and Research at the resulting National Railway Museum (NRM), where he was responsible for refurbishment to running condition of major locomotives and vehicles, so that national tours would promote the museum. He left the NRM in 1988,^[3] after management changes.

He put some of the time thus freed into his writing career and was editor of BackTrack from 1989 to 1994, in succession to the magazine's founder, Nigel Trevena, of Atlantic Transport Publishers. Jenkinson set up Pendragon Publishing in 1991 as a separate entity within Atlantic and retained it when he split with them in 1995. In partnership with Michael Blakemore, Pendragon bought BackTrack from Atlantic in 2003.^[4]

In the year he left the NRM he started his layout Little Long Drag, which incorporated Garsdale Road and a lengthy run in a custom-built shed. Later he switched to 7 mm scale modelling, building Kendal, Kendal II and Kendal Branch the latter of the earlier pre-grouping period of the London and North Western Railway (LNWR).

He died of a heart attack at age 69.

Bibliography[link]

• Extract from LMS Society bibliography
• York University Library catalogue entries

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1967) Locomotive Liveries of the LMS Ian Allan ISBN 0-7110-0305-X

• D Jenkinson & N Campling (ed) (1969) Historic Carriage Drawings B Ian Allan ISBN 0-7110-0053-0

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1969) The LMS Coach Ian Allan ISBN 0-7110-0074-3

• V R Anderson, R J Essery & D Jenkinson (1971) Portrait of the LMS Peco ISBN 0-900586-32-X

• D Jenkinson(1973) Rails in the Fells Peco ISBN 0-900586-42-7

• D Jenkinson & J Bellwood (1976) Gresley & Stanier D Jenkinson & J Bellwood ISBN 0-11-290438-6

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1977) LMS Coaches 1923 - 57 Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-902888-83-8

• D Jenkinson (1980) The Power of the Duchesses Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-86093-063-7

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1981) LMS Locomotives Vol 1 General Review Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-86093-087-4

• D Jenkinson & G Townend (1981) Palaces on wheels HMSO ISBN 0-11-290366-5

• D Jenkinson (1982) Profile of the Duchesses Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-86093-176-5

• D Jenkinson (1982) The Power of The Royal Scots Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-86093-175-7

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1984) Midland Carriages (1877 0nwards) ISBN 0-86093-291-5 Oxford Publishing Company

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1984) Midland Locomotives from 1883 Vol 1 General Survey Wild Swan Publications ISBN 0-906867-27-4

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1985) LMS Locomotives Vol 2 Pre group Western & Central Div Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-86093-264-8

• D Jenkinson (1985) Modelling Historic Railways Patrick Stevens Ltd ISBN 0-85059-731-5

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1987) LMS Locomotives Vol 4 Pre group Midland Silver Link ISBN 0-947971-16-5

• D Jenkinson (1988) Eric Treacy's LMS Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-86093-381-4

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1988) Midland Locomotives from 1883 Vol 2 Passenger Tender Wild Swan Publications ISBN 0-906867-59-2

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1988) Midland Locomotives from 1883 Vol 3 Tank Engines Wild Swan Publications ISBN 0-906867-66-5

• D Jenkinson (1988) The London & Birmingham Capital ISBN 1-85414-102-3

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1989) LMS Locomotives Vol 5 Post group standards Silver Link ISBN 0-947971-39-4

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1989) Midland Locomotives from 1883 Vol 4 Goods Tender Wild Swan Publications ISBN 0-906867-74-6

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1991) LMS Standard Coaching Stock Vol 1 General Intro & NPCS Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-86093-450-0

• D Jenkinson (1993) Bedtime Backtrack Atlantic Transport Publishers ISBN 0-906899-58-3

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1994) LMS Locomotives Vol 3 Pre group Northern Div Silver Link ISBN 1-85794-024-5

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (1994) LMS Standard Coaching Stock Vol 2 Gen Service Gangwayed vehicles Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-86093-451-9

• J Edgington, J Smart & D Jenkinson (1994) The Big Four in Colour 1935 -50 Atlantic Transport Publishers ISBN 0-906899-62-1

• D Jenkinson (1995) LNWR Carriages Pendragon ISBN 1-899816-01-1

• D Jenkinson (1996) Carriage Modelling Made easy Wild Swan Publications ISBN 1-874103-32-1

• D Jenkinson & B C Lane (1996) British Railcars 1900-1950 Atlantic Transport Publishers ISBN 0-906899-64-8

• D Jenkinson & A Earnshaw (1997) Last Years of the Big Four Atlantic Transport Publishers ISBN 0-906899-79-6

• D Jenkinson (1998) Historic Carriage Drawings Vol 2 Pendragon ISBN 1-899816-06-2

• D Jenkinson (1999) The Big Four in Colour Pendragon ISBN 1-899816-08-9

• D Jenkinson (2000) Historical Railway Modelling Pendragon ISBN 1-899816-10-0

• D Jenkinson & R J Essery (2000) LMS Standard Coaching Stock Vol 3 Non Corridor & Special purpose Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0-86093-452-7

See also[link]

• List of railfans

References[link]

External links[link]

• David Jenkinson — an appreciation by Bob Essery

Andy Hartley Payne (November 16, 1907 – December 1977) was the winner of the Trans-American Footrace staged in 1928. He ran the 3,423.5 mile (5,509.6 km) route from Los Angeles to New York City, much of it along U.S. Route 66, in 573 hours, 4 minutes, 34 seconds, (23 days) averaging 6 miles per hour.

Payne, a member of the Cherokee tribe, grew up in Foyil, Oklahoma which was one of the check point towns along the route of the race. His father was a friend of Will Rogers and had worked on the ranch of the latter's family during his youth.

The footrace was organized to promote U.S. Route 66 which had recently been built as a simple, well-paved route across the country, and dubbed "the main street of America". First prize was $25,000 which Payne used to pay off the mortgage on his father's farm.

Andy Payne was elected clerk to the supreme court in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and was reelected 5 times afterwards. {PBS documentary on the Great American Race of 1928}

He died in December 1977 at the age of 70.

See also[link]

• Ultramarathon

References[link]

External links[link]

• The Great American Foot Race

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