- published: 04 Jun 2015
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Yiwu (simplified Chinese: 义乌; traditional Chinese: 義烏; pinyin: Yìwū) is a city of about 1.2 million people in central Zhejiang Province near the central eastern coast of the People's Republic of China. The city is famous for its small commodity trade and vibrant free markets and is a regional tourist destination. Although administratively Yiwu is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Jinhua, it is more well-known than Jinhua nationally and internationally.
Yiwu was founded in the Qin dynasty, at or about 222 BC. Yiwu's long history flourished as early as the Neolithic Age. Yiwu first became a county in 222BC and was renamed Yiwu County in the year 624 AD. In May 1988, the former Yiwu County was upgraded to a county-level city. In 1995, Yiwu ranked the 47th among China's 100 most powerful counties/cities regarding comprehensive economic strength and in the same year listed as Zhejiang's sole city among the nation's experimental counties/cities of comprehensive reform. In 2001, the Yiwu overall economy ranked 19th of all counties (cities) of China.
Yiwu (Aratürük) County (Uyghur: ئارا تۈرۈك ناھىيىسى, ULY: Ara Türük Nahiyisi, UPNY: Ara Türük Nah̡iyisi?; Chinese: 伊吾县; pinyin: Yīwú Xiàn) is a county within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Hami Prefecture. It contains an area of 19,511 km2. According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 20,000.
The Yiwu County is located in the northeastern part of the prefecture, between the Qarliq Shan mountain range (along which it borders on Hami City) and the Mongolian border. Outside of the mountain range, most of the county is within the Gobi Desert.
Some of the county important populated places are located in the oases irrigated by the intermittent Yiwu River, which flows north from the mountains, eventually disappearing in the desert. These include, from south to north, Yiwu Town (伊吾镇, the county seat), Weizi Xia Township (苇子峡乡), and Laomao Hu Town (淖毛湖镇).
As of the 1920s, the area of today's Yiwu town was referred to as "Tuhulu" (吐葫芦), and that name is still retained by the Tuhulu Township (吐葫芦乡) adjacent to today's Yiwu town. At the time, it was the first place with an actual river and some agriculture that weary travellers from the east would reach after crossing several hundreds of kilometers of desert (since crossing Edsin Gol, a River in Inner Mongolia).
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