Twenty-third Census of the United States
U.S. Census Bureau Seal
General Information
Date Taken	April 1, 2010
Total U.S. Population	308,745,538
Percent Change	9.7%
Most Populous State	California 37,253,956
Least Populous State	Wyoming 563,626
Logo

The Twenty-third United States Census, known as Census 2010, the 2010 Census, or the Census of 2010, is the current national census of the United States. National Census Day was April 1, 2010 and is the reference date used in enumerating (counting) individuals.^[1] Directors of the 2010 Census made an emphasis on getting an accurate count, an emphasis that included the hiring of 635,000 temporary enumerators.^[2][3] The population of the United States was counted as 308,745,538,^[4] a 9.7% increase from the 2000 Census. The state with the highest percentage rate of growth was Nevada, while the state with the largest population increase was Texas.^[5] Michigan was the only state to lose population (although Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory, lost population as well), and the District of Columbia saw its first gain since the 1950s.^[6]

Introduction[link]

As required by the United States Constitution, the U.S. census has been conducted every 10 years since 1790. The 2000 U.S. Census was the previous census completed. Participation in the U.S. Census is required by law in Title 13 of the United States Code.^[7]

On January 25, 2010, Census Bureau Director Robert Groves personally inaugurated the 2010 Census enumeration by counting World War II veteran Clifton Jackson, a resident of Noorvik, Alaska.^[8] Census forms were delivered by the U.S. Post Office beginning March 15, 2010. The number of forms mailed out or hand-delivered by the Census Bureau was about 134 million.^[9] Although the questionnaire used April 1 as the reference date as to where a person was living, an insert dated March 15, 2010 included the following printed in bold type: "Please complete and mail back the enclosed census form today."

The 2010 Census national mail participation rate was 74%.^[10] From April through July 2010, census takers visited households that did not return a form, an operation called "non-response follow-up" (NRFU).

President Obama completing his census form in the Oval Office on March 29, 2010.

In December 2010, the Census Bureau delivered population information to the president for apportionment, and in March 2011, complete redistricting data was delivered to states.^[1]

Major changes[link]

The Census Bureau did not use a long form for the 2010 Census.^[11] In several previous censuses, one in six households received this long form, which asked for detailed social and economic information. The 2010 Census used only a short form asking ten basic questions:^[11]

1. How many people were living or staying in this house, apartment, or mobile home on April 1, 2010?
2. Were there any additional people staying here on April 1, 2010 that you did not include in Question 1? Mark all that apply: (checkboxes for: children; relatives; non-relatives; people staying temporarily; none)
3. Is this house, apartment, or mobile home – [Checkboxes for owned with a mortgage, owned free and clear, rented, occupied without rent.]
4. What is your telephone number?
5. What is Person 1's name? (last, first)
6. What is Person 1's sex? (male, female)
7. What is Person 1's age and Person 1's date of birth?
8. Is Person 1 of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin? (checkboxes for: "No", and several for "Yes" which specify groups of countries)
9. What is Person 1's race? (checkboxes for 14 including "other". One possibility was "Black, African Am., or Negro".)
10. Does Person 1 sometimes live or stay somewhere else? (checkboxes for "No", and several locations for "Yes")

The form included space to repeat some or all of these questions for up to twelve residents total.

In contrast to the 2000 census, an Internet response option was not offered, nor was the form available for download.^[11][12]

Detailed socioeconomic information collected during past censuses will continue to be collected through the American Community Survey.^[12] The survey provides data about communities in the United States on a 1-year or 3-year cycle, depending on the size of the community, rather than once every 10 years. A small percentage of the population on a rotating basis will receive the survey each year, and no household will receive it more than once every five years.^[13]

In June 2009 the U.S. Census Bureau announced that it would count same-sex married couples. However, the final form did not contain a separate "same-sex married couple" option. When noting the relationship between household members, same-sex couples who are married could mark their spouses as being "Husband or wife", the same response given by opposite-sex married couples. An "unmarried partner" option was available for couples (whether same-sex or opposite-sex) who were not married.^[14]

Cost[link]

The 2010 census cost $13 billion, approximately $42 per capita; by comparison, the 2010 census per-capita cost for China was about US$1 and for India was US$0.40.^[15] Operational costs were $5.4 billion, significantly under the $7 billion budget.^[16] In December 2010 the Government Accountability Office (GAO) noted that the cost of conducting the census has approximately doubled each decade since 1970.^[15] In a detailed 2004 report to Congress, the GAO called on the Census Bureau to address cost and design issues, and at that time, had estimated the 2010 Census cost to be $11 billion.^[17]

In August 2010 Commerce Secretary Gary Locke announced that the census operational costs came in significantly under budget; of an almost $7 billion operational budget:^[16]

• $650 million was saved in the budget for the door-to-door questioning (NRFU) phase because 72% of households returned mailed questionnaires;
• $150 million was saved because of lower-than-planned costs in areas including Alaska and tribal lands; and
• the $800 million emergency fund was not needed.

Locke credited the management practices of Census Bureau director Robert Groves, citing in particular the decision to buy additional advertising in locations where responses lagged, which improved the overall response rate. The agency also has begun to rely more on questioning neighbors or other reliable third parties when a person could not be immediately reached at home, which reduced the cost of follow-up visits. Census data for about 22% of U.S. households that did not reply by mail were based on such outside interviews, Groves said.^[16]

Technology[link]

In 2005 Lockheed Martin won a six-year, $500 million contract to capture and standardize data for the census. The contract includes systems, facilities, and staffing.^{[citation needed]} Information technology was about a quarter of the projected $11.3 billion cost of the decennial census.^[18] This was the first census to use hand-held computing devices with GPS capability, although they were only used for the address canvassing operation. The Census Bureau chose to conduct the primary operation, Non-Response Follow Up (NRFU), without using the handheld computing devices.^[19][20]

Marketing and undercounts[link]

Due to allegations surrounding previous censuses that poor people and people of color are routinely undercounted, for the 2010 census, the Census Bureau tried to avoid that bias by enlisting tens of thousands of intermediaries, such as churches, charities and firms, to explain to people the importance of being counted.^[9]

In April 2009 the Census Bureau announced that it intended to work with community organizations in an effort to count all illegal immigrants in the United States for the census.^[21]

The Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN) was given a contract to help publicize the importance of the census count and to encourage individuals to fill out their forms. In September 2009, after controversial undercover videos showed four ACORN staffers giving possibly illegal tax advice to a man and woman posing as a pimp and prostitute, the Bureau canceled ACORN's contract.^[22] Various American celebrities, including Demi Lovato and Eva Longoria,^[23] were used in public service announcements targeting younger people to fill out census forms. Wilmer Valderrama and Rosario Dawson have helped spread census awareness among young Hispanics, a historically low participating ethnicity in the U.S. Census.^[24] Rapper Ludacris also participated in efforts to spread awareness of the 2010 Census.^[25]

The Census Bureau hired about 635,000 people to find those U.S. residents who had not returned their forms by mail; as of May 28, 2010, 113 census workers have been victims of crime while conducting the census.^[3] As of June 29, there were 436 incidents involving assaults or threats against enumerators, more than double the 181 incidents in 2000; one enumerator, attempting to hand-deliver the census forms to a Hawaii County police officer, was arrested for trespassing – the officer's fellow policemen made the arrest.^[2]

Some political conservatives and libertarians questioned the validity of the questions and even encouraged people to refuse to answer questions for privacy and constitutional reasons.^[26] Michele Bachmann, a conservative Republican Congresswoman from Minnesota, stated that she would not fill out her census form other than to indicate the number of people living in her household because "the Constitution doesn't require any information beyond that."^[27] Former Republican Representative and Libertarian presidential candidate Bob Barr stated that the census has become too intrusive, going beyond mere enumeration (i.e., count) intended by the framers of the U.S. Constitution.^[28] According to political commentator Juan Williams, "Census participation rates have been declining since 1970, and if conservatives don't participate, doubts about its accuracy and credibility may become fatal."^[26]

As a result, the Census Bureau undertook an unprecedented advertising campaign targeted at encouraging white political conservatives to fill out their forms, in the hope of avoiding an undercount of this group. The 2010 U.S. Census was the primary sponsor at NASCAR races in Atlanta, Bristol, and Martinsville, and sponsored the No. 16 Ford Fusion driven by Greg Biffle for part of the season, because of a marketing survey that indicated most NASCAR fans lean politically conservative.^[26] It also ran an advertisement during the 2010 Super Bowl, and hired singer Marie Osmond, who is thought to have many conservative fans, to publicize the census.^[26]

2012 election[link]

The results of the 2010 census determined the number of seats that each state receives in the United States House of Representatives starting with the 2012 elections. Consequently, this affected the number of votes each state has in the Electoral College for the 2012 presidential election.

Because of population changes, eighteen states had changes in their number of seats. Eight states gained at least one seat, and ten states lost at least one seat.^[29]

Controversies[link]

Some object to the counting of persons who are in the United States illegally.^[30][31] Republican senators David Vitter and Bob Bennett tried unsuccessfully to add questions on immigration status to the new form.^[9]

Organizations such as the Prison Policy Initiative argue that the census counts of incarcerated men and women as residents of prisons, rather than of their pre-incarceration addresses, skewed political clout and resulted in misleading demographic and population data.^[32]

The term "Negro" is used in the questionnaire (Question 9. What is Person (number)'s race? ... Black, African Am., or Negro) as a choice to describe one's race. Census Bureau spokesman Jack Martin explained that "many older African-Americans identified themselves that way, and many still do. Those who identify themselves as Negroes need to be included."^[33][34] The word was also used in the 2000 Census, with over 56,000 people identifying themselves as "Negro."^[35]

The 2010 census contains ten questions about age, gender, ethnicity, home ownership, and household relationships. Six of the ten questions are intended to be answered by each individual in the household. Current federal law has provisions for fining those who refuse to complete the census form.^[36]

Detroit Mayor Dave Bing held a press conference on March 22, 2011 to announce that the city would challenge the city's census results.^[37] The challenge, being led by the city's planning department, cited an inconsistency as an example showing a downtown census tract which lost only 60 housing units, but 1,400 people, implying that a downtown jail or dormitory was missed in canvassing.^[38]

New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg held a conference on March 27, 2011, to announce that the city would also challenge his city's census results, specifically the apparent undercounting in the boroughs of Queens and Brooklyn.^[39] Bloomberg said that the numbers for Queens and Brooklyn, the two most populous boroughs, are implausible.^[40] According to the Census, they grew by only 0.1% and 1.6%, respectively, while the other boroughs grew by between 3% and 5%. He also stated that the census showed improbably high numbers of vacant housing in vital neighborhoods such as Jackson Heights, Queens.

The District of Columbia announced in August 2011 that it would also challenge its census results. The Mayor's Office claimed that the detailed information provided for 549 census blocks is "nonsensical", listing examples of census data that show housing units located in the middle of a street that do not actually exist. However, officials do not believe the city's total population will drastically change as a result of the challenge.^[41]

Clemons v. Department of Commerce[link]

A 2009 lawsuit, Clemons v. Department of Commerce (see also United States congressional apportionment#Controversy and history), sought a court order for Congress to reapportion the House of Representatives with a greater number of members following the census, to rectify under- and over-representation of some states under the so-called 435 rule established by the Apportionment Act of 1911, which limits the number of U.S. Representatives to that number, meaning that some states are slightly underrepresented proportionate to their true population and that others are slightly overrepresented by the same standard.^{[clarification needed]} Had this occurred, it would have also affected Electoral College apportionment for the 2012–2020 presidential elections.^[42] After the court order was not granted, the plaintiffs appealed the case to the United States Supreme Court, and on December 13, 2010, the Supreme Court vacated and remanded with instructions to dismiss the complaint for lack of jurisdiction.^[43]

From February, 2009, the non-partisan watchdog organization MyTwoCensus.com served as an online repository for criticism about 2010 Census processes.

State rankings[link]

Rank	State	Population as of 2000 Census	Population as of 2010 Census[44]	Change	Percent change
1	California	33,871,648	37,253,956	3,382,308	10.0%
2	Texas	20,851,820	25,145,561	4,293,741	20.6%
3	New York	18,976,457	19,378,102	401,645	2.1%
4	Florida	15,982,378	18,801,310	2,818,932	17.6%
5	Illinois	12,419,293	12,830,632	411,339	3.3%
6	Pennsylvania	12,281,054	12,702,379	421,325	3.4%
7	Ohio	11,353,140	11,536,504	183,364	1.6%
8	Michigan	9,938,444	9,883,640	-54,804	-0.6%
9	Georgia	8,186,453	9,687,653	1,501,200	18.3%
10	North Carolina	8,049,313	9,535,483	1,486,170	18.5%
11	New Jersey	8,414,350	8,791,894	377,544	4.5%
12	Virginia	7,078,515	8,001,024	922,509	13.0%
13	Washington	5,894,121	6,724,540	830,419	14.1%
14	Massachusetts	6,349,097	6,547,629	198,532	3.1%
15	Indiana	6,080,485	6,483,802	403,317	6.6%
16	Arizona	5,130,632	6,392,017	1,261,385	24.6%
17	Tennessee	5,689,283	6,346,165	656,822	11.5%
18	Missouri	5,595,211	5,988,144	393,716	7.0%
19	Maryland	5,296,486	5,773,552	477,066	9.0%
20	Wisconsin	5,363,675	5,686,986	323,311	6.0%
21	Minnesota	4,919,479	5,303,925	384,446	7.8%
22	Colorado	4,301,261	5,029,196	727,935	16.9%
23	Alabama	4,447,100	4,779,736	332,636	7.5%
24	South Carolina	4,012,012	4,625,364	613,352	15.3%
25	Louisiana	4,468,976	4,533,372	64,396	1.4%
26	Kentucky	4,041,769	4,339,367	297,598	7.4%
27	Oregon	3,421,399	3,831,074	409,675	12.0%
28	Oklahoma	3,450,654	3,751,351	300,697	8.7%
29	Connecticut	3,405,565	3,574,097	168,532	4.9%
30	Iowa	2,926,324	3,046,355	120,031	4.1%
31	Mississippi	2,844,658	2,967,297	122,639	4.3%
32	Arkansas	2,673,400	2,915,918	242,518	9.1%
33	Kansas	2,688,418	2,853,118	164,700	6.1%
34	Utah	2,233,169	2,763,885	530,716	23.8%
35	Nevada	1,998,257	2,700,551	702,294	35.1%
36	New Mexico	1,819,046	2,059,179	240,133	13.2%
37	West Virginia	1,808,344	1,852,994	44,650	2.5%
38	Nebraska	1,711,263	1,826,341	115,078	6.7%
39	Idaho	1,293,953	1,567,582	273,629	21.1%
40	Hawaii	1,211,537	1,360,301	148,764	12.3%
41	Maine	1,274,923	1,328,361	53,438	4.2%
42	New Hampshire	1,235,786	1,316,470	80,684	6.5%
43	Rhode Island	1,048,319	1,052,567	4,248	0.4%
44	Montana	902,195	989,415	87,220	9.7%
45	Delaware	783,600	897,934	114,334	14.6%
46	South Dakota	754,844	814,180	59,336	7.9%
47	Alaska	626,932	710,231	83,299	13.3%
48	North Dakota	642,200	672,591	30,391	4.7%
49	Vermont	608,827	625,741	16,914	2.8%
50	District of Columbia	572,059	601,723	29,664	5.2%
51	Wyoming	493,782	563,626	69,844	14.1%
	United States	281,421,906	308,745,538	27,323,632	9.7%

City rankings[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 2010 United States Census

• 2010 Census
• U.S. Census Bureau
• Toolkit for Reaching Latinos (US Census Bureau)
• 270towin.com
• The 2010 Census: Winners and Losers – slideshow by Life magazine
• How to deep link into US Census Bureau FactFinder2, see FactFinder2 info
• Census: As Red States Grow, So Do Hispanic Populations Within – video report by Democracy Now!

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Bureau of the Census
Seal
Logo
Agency overview
Formed	July 1, 1903
Preceding agency	Temporary census offices
Headquarters	Suitland, Maryland
Employees	5,593 (2006)
Annual budget	US$3.1 billion (2009) US$7.2 billion (est. 2010) US$1.3 billion (est. 2011)
Agency executive	Director, Robert Groves
Parent agency	Economics and Statistics Administration
Website
www.census.gov

The United States Census Bureau (officially the Bureau of the Census, as defined in Title 13 U.S.C. § 11) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data. As part of the United States Department of Commerce, the Census Bureau serves as a leading source of data about America's people and economy.^[1]

The most visible role of the Census Bureau is to perform the official decennial (every 10 years) count of people living in the U.S. The most important result is the reallocation of the number of seats each state is allowed in the House of Representatives,^[1] but the results also affect a range of government programs received by each state. The agency director is a political appointee selected by the President of the United States.

Legal mandate[link]

The Constitution of the United States (Article I, section II) directs that the population be enumerated at least once every ten years and the resulting counts used to set the number of members from each state in the House of Representatives and, by extension, in the Electoral College. The Census Bureau now conducts a full population count every 10 years in years ending with a 0 (zero) and uses the term "decennial" to describe the operation. Between censuses, the Census Bureau makes population estimates and projections.^[2]

In addition, Census data directly affects how more than $400 billion per year in federal and state funding is allocated to communities for neighborhood improvements, public health, education, transportation and much more. The Census Bureau is mandated with fulfilling these obligations: the collecting of statistics about the nation, its people, and economy. The Census Bureau's legal authority is codified in Title 13 of the United States Code.

The Census Bureau also conducts surveys on behalf of various federal government and local government agencies on topics such as employment, crime, health, consumer expenditures, and housing. Within the bureau, these are known as "demographic surveys" and are conducted perpetually between and during decennial (10-year) population counts. The Census Bureau also conducts economic surveys of manufacturing, retail, service, and other establishments and of domestic governments.

From 1790 to 1840, the census was taken by marshals of the judicial districts.^[3] The Census Act of 1840 established a central office^[4] which became known as the Census Office. Several acts followed that revised and authorized new censuses, typically at the 10-year intervals. In 1902 the temporary Census Office was moved under the Department of Interior, and in 1903 it was renamed the Census Bureau under the new Department of Commerce and Labor. The department was intended to consolidate overlapping statistical agencies, but Census Bureau officials were hindered by their subordinate role in the department.^[5]

An act in 1920 changed the date and authorized manufacturing censuses every 2 years and agriculture censuses every 10 years.^[6] In 1929, a bill was passed mandating that the House of Representatives be reapportioned based on the results of the 1930 Census.^[6] In 1954, various acts were codified into Title 13 of the US Code.^[7]

By law the Census Bureau must count everyone and submit state population totals to the U.S. President by December 31, 2010. States within the Union receive the results in the spring of the following year.

Uses of census data[link]

Many federal, state, local and tribal governments use census data to:

• Decide the location of new housing and public facilities,
• Examine the demographic characteristics of communities, states, and the USA,
• Plan transportation systems and roadways,
• Determine quotas and creation of police and fire precincts, and
• Create localized areas for elections, schools, utilities, etc.

Businesses[link]

Business also has many uses for census data, as listed;

• Forecast future product demand,
• Determine site locations for expansion/new business,
• Determine future need for nursing homes, day care centers, hospitals, etc.,
• Clarify if they are employing a representative workforce.^[1]

Data stewardship[link]

The United States Census Bureau is committed to confidentiality, and guarantees non-disclosure of any addresses or personal information related to individuals or establishments. Title 13 of the U.S. Code establishes penalties for the disclosure of this information. All Census employees must sign a sworn affidavit of non-disclosure prior to employment.

The Bureau cannot share responses, addresses or personal information with anyone including United States or foreign government and law enforcement agencies such as the IRS or the FBI or Interpol. "Providing quality data, for public good—while respecting individual privacy and, at the same time, protecting confidentiality—is the Census Bureau's core responsibility", "Keeping the public's trust is critical to the Census's ability to carry out the mission as the leading source of quality data about the Nation's people and economy."^[8] Only after 72 years does the information collected become available to other agencies or the general public.

In 1918, the Census Bureau released individual information regarding several hundred young men to the Justice Department and Selective Service system for the purpose of prosecutions for draft evasion.^[9][10] During World War II, the United States Census Bureau assisted the government's Japanese American internment efforts by providing confidential neighborhood information on Japanese-Americans. The Bureau's role was denied for decades but was finally proven in 2007.^[11][12]

Organizational structure[link]

US Census Bureau Regions, centered on and divided by its twelve regional offices.

Since 1903, the official census-taking agency of the United States government has been the Bureau of the Census. The Census Bureau is headed by a Director, assisted by a Deputy Director and an Executive Staff composed of the associate directors. In April 2009, President Barack Obama nominated Robert M. Groves to head the Census Bureau.

Census headquarters in Suitland, Maryland

The Census Bureau has had headquarters in Suitland, Maryland, since 1942. A new headquarters complex was completed in 2007 and supports over 4,000 employees.^[13] The Bureau operates regional offices in 12 cities: Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, Detroit, Chicago, Kansas City, Seattle, Charlotte, Atlanta, Dallas, Denver, and Los Angeles. The National Processing Center is located in Jeffersonville, Indiana. Additional temporary processing facilities are used to facilitate the decennial census, which employs more than a million people. The cost of the 2000 Census was $4.5 billion. During the years just prior to the decennial census, parallel census offices, known as "Regional Census Centers" are opened in the field office cities. The decennial operations are carried out from these facilities. The Regional Census Centers oversee the openings and closings of smaller "Local Census Offices" within their collection jurisdictions. The estimated cost of the 2010 Census is $14.7 billion.

The Census Bureau also runs the Census Information Center cooperative program that involves 58 "national, regional, and local non-profit organizations." The CIC program aims to represent the interests of underserved communities.^[14]

Census regions and divisions[link]

The United States Census Bureau has four official regions, with nine official divisions.

Computer equipment[link]

A card puncher, part of the tabulation system used to compile the thousands of facts gathered by the Bureau. Holes are punched in the card according to a prearranged code transferring the facts from the census questionnaire into statistics.

The 1890 census was the first to use the electric tabulating machines invented by Herman Hollerith.^[15][16] For 1890-1940 details, see Truesdell, Leon E. (1965). The Development of Punch Card Tabulation in the Bureau of the Census, 1890-1940: With outlines of actual tabulation programs. US GPO.  In 1946, knowing of the Bureau's funding of Hollerith and, later, Powers, John Mauchly approached the Bureau about early funding for UNIVAC development.^[17] A UNIVAC I computer was accepted by the Bureau in 1951.^[18]

In order to reduce paper usage and reduce payroll expenses, 500,000 handheld computers (HHC's) were used for the first time in 2009 during the address canvassing portion of the 2010 Decennial Census Project. Projected savings are estimated to be over $1 billion.^[19] The further implementation of advanced computer systems in the planning for the 2020 census provides major challenges for an upgrade in the technological broadening of census protocol.

Ongoing surveys[link]

A survey is a method of collecting and analyzing social, economic, and geographic data. It provides information about the conditions of the United States, states, and counties. Throughout the decade between censuses, the bureau is conducts surveys to produce a general view and comprehensive study of the United States' social and economic conditions.

Staff from the Current Surveys Program conduct ongoing and special surveys about people and their characteristics. A network of professional field representatives gathers information from a sample of households, responding to questions about employment, consumer expenditures, health, housing, and other topics. Surveys conducted between decades:

• American Community Survey
• Consumer Expenditure Survey
• Census of Governments
• Current Population Survey
• Economic Census
• National Hospital Discharge Survey
• National Health Interview Survey
• National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey
• National Crime Victimization Survey
• National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS)
• National Nursing Home Survey
• Survey of Income and Program Participation
• Survey of Construction
• Survey of Market Absorption
• Survey of Program Dynamics
• National Longitudinal Survey
• National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, & Wildlife-Associated Recreation 2001
• American Housing Survey
• Residential Finance Survey
• National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol Related Conditions
• Annual Retail Trade Survey
• Annual Wholesale Trade Survey
• Annual and Quarterly Services Surveys

Other surveys conducted[link]

This section requires expansion.

The Census Bureau collects information in many other surveys and provides the data to the survey sponsor for release. These sponsors include:

• Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)
• Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
• Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS)
• Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES)
• National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
• National Science Foundation (NSF)
• Social Security Administration (SSA)

Notes[link]

References[link]

• The original version of, and subsequent additions to, this article were adapted from U.S. Census Bureau text.
• Geographic Areas Reference Manual from the U.S. Census Bureau contains detailed explanations of geographic terms used in the census.
• The mission and operation of the U.S. Census Bureau are laid out in Title 13 of the United States Code.

External links[link]

Government of the United States portal

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bureau of the Census, United States

• Official website
• U.S. and World Population Clocks – POPClocks
• Works by Bureau of the Census at Project Gutenberg
• Census Bureau Meeting Notices and Rule Changes from The Federal Register RSS Feed
• Proposed and finalized federal regulations from the United States Census Bureau

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v t e Agencies under the United States Department of Commerce Headquarters: Herbert C. Hoover Building · Secretary of Commerce Deputy Secretary of Commerce Economic Development Administration · National Technical Information Service · Minority Business Development Agency · National Telecommunications and Information Administration Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security Bureau of Industry and Security Under Secretary of Commerce for Economic Affairs Economics and Statistics Administration · Bureau of Economic Analysis · Census Bureau Under Secretary of Commerce for International Trade International Trade Administration Under Secretary of Commerce and Administrator for NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration · National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Corps Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology National Institute for Standards and Technology Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property Patent and Trademark Office

Maz Jobrani
Maz Jobrani, May 2007
Born	(1972-02-26) February 26, 1972 (age 40) Tehran, Iran
Medium	Stand-up
Nationality	Iranian
Genres	Observational comedy, Satire
Subject(s)	Racism/Race relations, Islamophobia, Muslim-Americans, Iranian Americans
Website	mazjobrani.com

Maziar “Maz” Jobrani (Persian: مازیار جبرانی‎; born February 26, 1972) is an Iranian-born American comedian who is part of the "Axis of Evil" comedy group. The group appeared on a comedy special on Comedy Central.^[1] Jobrani has also appeared in numerous films, television shows, including Better Off Ted, on radio, and in comedy clubs. His filmography includes roles in The Interpreter, Friday After Next, and Dragonfly.

Life and career[link]

Born in Tehran, Iran,^[2] Jobrani and his parents moved to California when he was six years old.^[3] He was raised in Tiburon in the San Francisco Bay area. He attended Redwood High School in Larkspur. Jobrani studied political science and Italian at UC Berkeley, where he received a B.A. degree. He was enrolled in a Ph.D. program at UCLA when he decided to pursue his childhood dream of acting and performing comedy.^[4]

He has since made appearances on shows like The Colbert Report, The Tonight Show With Jay Leno, The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson, Talkshow with Spike Feresten, and regularly performs at top comedy clubs (in California and New York) such as The Comedy Store. He made an appearance as a dental patient on an episode of Still Standing, in the pilot episodes of Better Off Ted, The Knights of Prosperity, and on an episode of Cedric the Entertainer Presents. He also made an appearance in 13 Going on 30. Jobrani will play Mohammed Jazeyeri in the upcoming ABC sitcom Funny in Farsi, based on the book of the same name.^[5] He has toured with the Axis of Evil Comedy Tour. He provided the voice of Ahmed Farahnakian in the audiobook version of World War Z. Jobrani has written a movie with a friend called Jimmy Vestvood: American Hero.^[6]

Jobrani's jokes focuses on race, while outwardly poking fun at his own ethnic group, Iranians.

He is married to an Indian-American woman, an attorney.^[3] They reside in California.

Jobrani has been a cultural ambassador with the Levantine Cultural Center in Los Angeles since 2005. He served as the presenter for a joint public program with the Levantine Cultural Center and PEN USA in September 2005, "Strange Times My Dear", which celebrated Iran and freedom of expression. In November 2009, Jobrani moderated a public forum for the Levantine Cultural Center, "Dismantling the Axis of Evil," which included on the panel comedian/actor Ahmed Ahmed, author and Islamic scholar Reza Aslan, actor and activist Shiva Rose, and author/attorney John Tehranian. On December 1, 2010, Jobrani performed at the Levantine Cultural Center's 9th Anniversary event, the East-West Awards, where Jodie Evans of CODEPINK: Women for Peace, Roxana Saberi, and Bana Hilal all received awards.