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Antoine Boesset
http://wn.com/Antoine_Boesset -
Charles Aznavour
Charles Aznavour OC, (born Shahnour Vaghenag Aznavourian, May 22, 1924, Paris) is a French-Armenian singer, songwriter, actor, public activist and diplomat. Besides being one of France's most popular and enduring singers, he is also one of the best-known singers in the world. Aznavour is known for his characteristic short figure and unique tenor voice; clear and ringing in its upper reaches, with gravelly and profound low notes. He has appeared in more than 60 movies, composed about 1,000 songs (including 150 at least in English, 100 in Italian, 70 in Spanish, and 50 in German), and has sold well over 100 million records.
http://wn.com/Charles_Aznavour -
Claude Debussy
Claude-Achille Debussy () (August 22, 1862 – March 25, 1918) was a French composer. Along with Maurice Ravel, he was one of the most prominent figures working within the field of impressionist music, though he himself intensely disliked the term when applied to his compositions. Debussy is among the most important of all French composers, and a central figure in European music of the turn of the 20th century. He was made Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur in 1903.
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Claudin de Sermisy
Claudin de Sermisy (c. 1490 – October 13, 1562) was a French composer of the Renaissance. Along with Clément Janequin he was one of the most renowned composers of French chansons in the early 16th century; in addition he was a significant composer of sacred music. His music was both influential on, and influenced by, contemporary Italian styles.
http://wn.com/Claudin_de_Sermisy -
Emmanuel Chabrier
Emmanuel Chabrier (January 18, 1841September 13, 1894) was a French Romantic composer and pianist. Although known primarily for two of his orchestral works, España and Joyeuse marche, he left an important corpus of operas (including the increasingly popular ''L'étoile), songs, and piano music as well. These works, though small in number, are of very high quality, and he was admired by composers as diverse as Debussy, Ravel, Richard Strauss, Satie, Schmitt, Stravinsky, and the group of composers known as Les six. Stravinsky alluded to España in his ballet Petrushka, Ravel wrote that the opening bars of Le roi malgré lui'' changed the course of harmony in France, Poulenc wrote a biography of the composer, and Richard Strauss conducted the first staged performance of Chabrier's incomplete opera Briséïs.
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Ernest Chausson
Amédée-Ernest Chausson (20 January 1855 – 10 June 1899) was a French romantic composer who died just as his career was beginning to flourish.
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Franz Schubert
Franz Peter Schubert (; January 31, 1797 – November 19, 1828) was an Austrian composer.
http://wn.com/Franz_Schubert -
Fréhel
Fréhel (born '''Marguerite Boulc'h'''; July 14, 1891 – February 3, 1951) was a French singer and actress.
http://wn.com/Fréhel -
Gabriel Fauré
Gabriel Urbain Fauré (; 12 May 1845 – 4 November 1924) was a French composer, organist, pianist and teacher. He was one of the foremost French composers of his generation, and his musical style influenced many 20th century composers. Among his best-known works are his Nocturnes for piano, the songs "Après un rêve" and "Clair de lune", and his Requiem.
http://wn.com/Gabriel_Fauré -
Georges Brassens
Georges Brassens () (22 October 1921 - 29 October 1981) was a French singer-songwriter.
http://wn.com/Georges_Brassens -
Gilles Binchois
Gilles de Binche (called Binchois), also known as Gilles de Bins (c. 1400 – 20 September 1460), was a Franco-Flemish composer, one of the earliest members of the Burgundian School, and one of the three most famous composers of the early 15th century. While often ranked behind his contemporaries Guillaume Dufay and John Dunstaple, at least by contemporary scholars, his influence was arguably greater than either, since his works were cited, borrowed and used as source material more often than those by any other composer of the time.
http://wn.com/Gilles_Binchois -
Guillaume Dufay
Guillaume Dufay (Du Fay, Du Fayt) (August 5, 1397? – November 27, 1474) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the early Renaissance. As the central figure in the Burgundian School, he was the most famous and influential composer in Europe in the mid-15th century.
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Jacques Brel
Jacques Romain Georges Brel (; 8 April 1929 – 9 October 1978) was a Belgian singer-songwriter. Brel composed and recorded his songs almost exclusively in French, although he recorded a number of songs in Dutch.
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Johannes Ockeghem
Johannes Ockeghem (also Jean de, Jan; surname Okeghem, Ogkegum, Okchem, Hocquegam, Ockegham; other variant spellings are also encountered) (1410–1425, Saint-Ghislain, Belgium – February 6, 1497, Tours, France) was the most famous composer of the Franco-Flemish School in the last half of the 15th century, and is often considered the most influential composer between Dufay and Josquin des Prez. In addition to being a renowned composer, he was also an honored singer, choirmaster, and teacher.
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Josquin des Prez
Josquin des Prez (; c. 1450 to 1455 – August 27, 1521), often referred to simply as Josquin, was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance. He is also known as Josquin Desprez and Latinized as Josquinus Pratensis, alternatively Jodocus Pratensis, although he himself expressed his preferred spelling of his name, Josquin des Prez, in an acrostic in his motet Illibata Dei virgo nutrix. He was the most famous European composer between Guillaume Dufay and Palestrina, and is usually considered to be the central figure of the Franco-Flemish School. Josquin is widely considered by music scholars to be the first master of the high Renaissance style of polyphonic vocal music that was emerging during his lifetime.
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Louis Niedermeyer
Abraham Louis Niedermeyer (27 April 180214 March 1861) was a composer chiefly of church music but also of a few operas, and a teacher who took over the Ecole Choron, duly renamed , a school for the study and practice of church music, where several eminent French musicians studied including Gabriel Fauré and André Messager.
http://wn.com/Louis_Niedermeyer -
Léo Ferré
Léo Ferré (24 August 1916 - 14 July 1993) was a Franco-Monegasque poet, composer, singer and musician.
http://wn.com/Léo_Ferré -
Marie-Louise Damien
Marie-Louise Damien (December 5, 1889 – January 31, 1978) was a French singer and actress better known by the stage name Damia.
http://wn.com/Marie-Louise_Damien -
Mireille Mathieu
Mireille Mathieu () (born July 22, 1946) is a French chanteuse, and pop singer. Hailed as the successor to Édith Piaf, she has achieved great commercial success since the 1960s. She has recorded over 1200 songs in nine different languages, and sold more than 120 million records worldwide.
http://wn.com/Mireille_Mathieu -
Ottaviano Petrucci
Ottaviano Petrucci (18 June 1466 – 7 May 1539) was an Italian printer. Petrucci is credited with producing, in 1501, the first book of sheet music printed from movable type: Harmonice Musices Odhecaton, a collection of chansons. He also published numerous works by the most highly regarded composers of the Renaissance, including Josquin des Prez and Antoine Brumel.
http://wn.com/Ottaviano_Petrucci -
Pierre Attaingnant
Pierre Attaingnant (or Attaignant) (c. 1494 – late 1551 or 1552) was a French music printer, active in Paris.
http://wn.com/Pierre_Attaingnant -
Serge Gainsbourg
Serge Gainsbourg, born Lucien Ginsburg (; 2 April 1928 – 2 March 1991) was a French singer-songwriter, actor and director. Gainsbourg's extremely varied musical style and individuality make him difficult to categorize. His legacy has been firmly established, and he is often regarded as one of the world's most influential popular musicians.
http://wn.com/Serge_Gainsbourg -
Édith Piaf
Édith Piaf (; 19 December 1915 – 11 October 1963), born Édith Giovanna Gassion, was a French singer and cultural icon who became universally regarded as France's greatest popular singer. Her singing reflected her life, with her specialty being ballads. Among her songs are "La Vie en rose" (1946), "Non, je ne regrette rien" (1960), "Hymne à l'amour" (1949), "Milord" (1959), "La Foule" (1957), "l'Accordéoniste" (1955), and "Padam... Padam..." (1951).
http://wn.com/Édith_Piaf -
Édouard Lalo
:Disambiguation: Lalo redirects here. For the fictional character see Lalo Muldron.
http://wn.com/Édouard_Lalo
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{{Infobox Country
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Montmartre is a hill (the butte Montmartre) which is 130 meters high, giving its name to the surrounding district, in the north of Paris in the 18th arrondissement, a part of the Right Bank. Montmartre is primarily known for the white-domed Basilica of the Sacré Cœur on its summit and as a nightclub district. The other, older, church on the hill is Saint Pierre de Montmartre, which claims to be the location at which the Jesuit order of priests was founded. Many artists had studios or worked around the community of Montmartre such as Salvador Dalí, Amedeo Modigliani, Claude Monet, Pablo Picasso and Vincent van Gogh. Montmartre is also the setting for several hit films. This site is served by metro line 2 stations of Anvers, Pigalle and Blanche and the line 12 stations of Pigalle, Abbesses, Lamarck - Caulaincourt and Jules Joffrin.
http://wn.com/Montmartre -
Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text (called a libretto) and musical score. Opera is part of the Western classical music tradition. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance. The performance is typically given in an opera house, accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble.
http://wn.com/Opera
- Antoine Boesset
- Barbara (singer)
- Burgundy (region)
- cabarets
- Café-chantant
- Canso (song)
- canzone
- chanson pour boire
- chanson réaliste
- chansonnier
- Charles Aznavour
- Claude Debussy
- Claudin de Sermisy
- Clément Janequin
- courtly love
- Crusade song
- Denis Gaultier
- Emmanuel Chabrier
- epic poem
- Ernest Chausson
- Felicien David
- formes fixes
- France
- Franz Schubert
- Fréhel
- Gabriel Fauré
- Georges Brassens
- Gilles Binchois
- Guillaume de Machaut
- Guillaume Dufay
- homophonic
- Jacques Brel
- Johannes Ockeghem
- jongleur
- Josquin des Prez
- late Middle Ages
- Latin
- Lied
- Louis Niedermeyer
- Lyrics
- Léo Ferré
- madrigal (music)
- Marie-Louise Damien
- melodies
- Michel Lambert
- Minstrel
- Mireille Mathieu
- Monophony
- Montmartre
- motet
- musical instrument
- mélodie
- Occitan
- Old French
- Opera
- Orlando de Lassus
- Ottaviano Petrucci
- Paris
- Pierre Attaingnant
- polyphonic
- refrain
- Renaissance
- Rondeau (poetry)
- salon music
- secular
- Serge Gainsbourg
- Shanson
- sonata (music)
- song
- Song of Roland
- trouvère
- virelai
- Édith Piaf
- Édouard Lalo
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- Duration: 3:14
- Published: 15 Nov 2009
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- Author: tsarabanjina
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- Uploaded: 06 Oct 2011
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- Uploaded: 24 Aug 2010
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- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: popololo6981
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- Uploaded: 27 Oct 2011
- Author: AlloMusicCom
- air de cour
- Antoine Boesset
- Barbara (singer)
- Burgundy (region)
- cabarets
- Café-chantant
- Canso (song)
- canzone
- chanson pour boire
- chanson réaliste
- chansonnier
- Charles Aznavour
- Claude Debussy
- Claudin de Sermisy
- Clément Janequin
- courtly love
- Crusade song
- Denis Gaultier
- Emmanuel Chabrier
- epic poem
- Ernest Chausson
- Felicien David
- formes fixes
- France
- Franz Schubert
- Fréhel
- Gabriel Fauré
- Georges Brassens
- Gilles Binchois
- Guillaume de Machaut
- Guillaume Dufay
- homophonic
- Jacques Brel
- Johannes Ockeghem
- jongleur
- Josquin des Prez
- late Middle Ages
- Latin
- Lied
- Louis Niedermeyer
- Lyrics
- Léo Ferré
- madrigal (music)
- Marie-Louise Damien
- melodies
- Michel Lambert
- Minstrel
- Mireille Mathieu
- Monophony
- Montmartre
- motet
- musical instrument
- mélodie
- Occitan
- Old French
- Opera
- Orlando de Lassus
- Ottaviano Petrucci
- Paris
- Pierre Attaingnant
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Chanson de geste
The earliest chansons were the epic poems performed to simple monophonic melodies by a professional class of jongleurs or ménestrels. These usually recounted the famous deeds (geste) of past heroes, legendary and semi-historical. The Song of Roland is the most famous of these, but in general the chansons de geste are studied as literature since very little of their music survives.
Chanson courtoise
The chanson courtoise or grand chant was an early form of monophonic chanson, the chief lyric poetic genre of the trouvères. It was an adaptation to Old French of the Occitan canso. It was practised in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Thematically, as its name implies, it was a song of courtly love, written usually by a man to his noble lover. Some later chansons were polyphonic and some had refrains and were called chansons avec des refrains. A Crusade song was known as a chanson de croisade.
Burgundian chanson
In its typical specialised usage, the word chanson refers to a polyphonic French song of the late Middle Ages and Renaissance. Early chansons tended to be in one of the formes fixes—ballade, rondeau or virelai (formerly the chanson baladée)—though some composers later set popular poetry in a variety of forms. The earliest chansons were for two, three or four voices, with first three becoming the norm, expanding to four voices by the sixteenth century. Sometimes, the singers were accompanied by instruments.The first important composer of chansons was Guillaume de Machaut, who composed three-voice works in the formes fixes during the 14th century. Guillaume Dufay and Gilles Binchois, who wrote so-called Burgundian chansons (because they were from the area known as Burgundy), were the most important chanson composers of the next generation (c. 1420-1470). Their chansons while somewhat simple in style, are also generally in three voices with a structural tenor.
Parisian chanson
Later 15th- and early 16th-century figures in the genre included Johannes Ockeghem and Josquin des Prez, whose works cease to be constrained by formes fixes and begin to feature a similar pervading imitation to that found in contemporary motets and liturgical music. At mid-century, Claudin de Sermisy and Clément Janequin were composers of so-called Parisian chansons, which also abandoned the formes fixes and were in a simpler, more homophonic style, sometimes featuring music that was meant to be evocative of certain imagery. Many of these Parisian works were published by Pierre Attaingnant. Composers of their generation, as well as later composers, such as Orlando de Lassus, were influenced by the Italian madrigal. Many early instrumental works were ornamented variations (diminutions) on chansons, with this genre becoming the canzone, a progenitor of the sonata.The first book of sheet music printed from movable type was Harmonice Musices Odhecaton, a collection of ninety-six chansons by many composers, published in Venice in 1501 by Ottaviano Petrucci.
Modern chanson
French solo song developed in the late 16th century, probably from the aforementioned Parisian works. During the 17th century, the air de cour, chanson pour boire and other like genres, generally accompanied by lute or keyboard, flourished, with contributions by such composers as Antoine Boesset, Denis Gaultier, Michel Lambert and Michel-Richard de Lalande.During the 18th century, vocal music in France was dominated by Opera, but solo song underwent a renaissance in the 19th century, first with salon melodies, but by mid-century with highly sophisticated works influenced by the German Lieder which had been introduced into the country. Louis Niedermeyer, under the particular spell of Schubert, was a pivotal figure in this movement, followed by Édouard Lalo, Felicien David and many others.
Another offshoot of chanson called chanson réaliste (realist song), was a popular musical genre in France, primarily from the 1880s until the end of World War II. Born of the cafés-concerts and cabarets of the Montmartre district of Paris and influenced by literary realism and the naturalist movements in literature and theatre, chanson réaliste was a musical style which was mainly performed by women and dealt with the lives of Paris's poor and working class. Some of the more well-known performers of the genre include Damia, Fréhel and Édith Piaf.
Later 19th-century composers of French song, called either mélodie or chanson, included Ernest Chausson, Emmanuel Chabrier, Gabriel Fauré and Claude Debussy, while many 20th-century French composers have continued this strong tradition.
Chanson today
In France today "chanson" typically refers to the music of singers such as Jacques Brel, Georges Brassens, Édith Piaf, Charles Aznavour, Barbara, Léo Ferré, Mireille Mathieu and Serge Gainsbourg. Chanson can be distinguished from the rest of French "pop" music by following the rhythms of French language, rather than those of English.
See also
External links
References
Category:French music Category:Medieval music Category:Renaissance music Category:Song forms
cs:Šanson de:Chanson et:Šansoon el:Σανσόν es:Chanson eo:Ŝansono fr:Chanson française ko:샹송 hr:Šansona it:Chanson he:שאנסון ka:შანსონი hu:Sanzon nl:Chanson ja:シャンソン no:Chanson nn:Chanson pap:Chanson pl:Chanson pt:Chanson ru:Шансон simple:Chanson sk:Šansón sl:Šanson sr:Шансона fi:Chanson sv:Chanson uk:Шансон zh:香颂This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.