- published: 03 Nov 2010
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- author: discoverireland
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Altamuskin
Altamuskin or Altamooskan (Irish: Allt a' Mhúscáin, meaning "Glen of the spongy ground") is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 75 people. It lies within the Omagh District Council area.
Coordinates: 54°31′N 7°05′W / 54.517°N 7.083°W / 54.517; -7.083
wn.com/Altamuskin -
Altishane
Coordinates: 54°50′10″N 7°16′52″W / 54.836°N 7.281°W / 54.836; -7.281
Altishane or Altishahane (from Irish: Allt Inse Uí Chatháin, meaning "glen of Ó Catháin's islet") is a small settlement and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies near Strabane, between Plumbridge and Donemana. There is one primary school, Altishane Primary School.
Altishane's local Gaelic Football team is called Clann Na nGael.
wn.com/Altishane -
Altmore
Altmore (from Irish: Allt Mór) is a hamlet and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is five miles from Carrickmore and four miles from Pomeroy. Most of the community consists of farmers who make their livelihood in cattle and pig farming. It is an isolated area, though easily accessible and the natural beauty has remained untouched.[citation needed]
Shane Bernagh’s Chair May 2007
View from Shane Bernagh’s Chair. Looking towards Altmore May 2007.
Coordinates: 54°33′15″N 6°59′10″W / 54.55417°N 6.98611°W / 54.55417; -6.98611
wn.com/Altmore -
Ardboe
Coordinates: 54°37′23″N 6°30′50″W / 54.623°N 6.514°W / 54.623; -6.514
Ardboe (from Irish: Ard Bó meaning "height of the cows") is a small village in the north east of County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is near the western shore of Lough Neagh and lies within the Cookstown District Council area. It is also the name of the local civil parish, which is spelt as Arboe, which also incorporates Moortown.
Ardboe Development Association, which developed a small business park, and Ardboe Community Group are based in the village.
During World War II, in 1941, a RAF station was built in the townland of Kinrush in Ardboe. Cluntoe Airfield was initially used by the Royal Air Force, but quickly handed over as a training station for the United States Army Air Forces, and by 1943, over 3,500 troops were stationed there. By 1946 the war was over and the Americans had left. The RAF kept the airfield ticking over and it was reopened in 1952 as a training station for pilots going to the Korean War. By 1955 it closed for good. Remains of the Cluntoe Airfield around Ardboe can still be seen.
wn.com/Ardboe -
Ardstraw
Coordinates: 54°44′02″N 7°27′35″W / 54.7339°N 7.45972°W / 54.7339; -7.45972
Ardstraw (from Irish: Ard Sratha) is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, three miles northwest of Newtownstewart. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 222 people.
Ardstraw was once the seat of an important bishopric, as well as the ancient resting place of the local branch of the O'Neill clan. Today, the village is an key part of a thriving farming community. The stone mill buildings at Ardstraw are a distinctive riverside feature on the River Derg.
In 1198, John de Courcy, a Norman knight who had invaded Ulster in 1177, returned to County Donegal to devastate Inishowen and on his way destroyed churches at Ardstraw and Raphoe.
wn.com/Ardstraw -
Armagh
Coordinates: 54°21′00″N 6°39′17″W / 54.3499°N 6.6546°W / 54.3499; -6.6546
Armagh (
/ɑrˈmɑː/ ar-MAH; from Irish: Ard Mhacha meaning "Macha's height" [aɾˠd̪ˠ ˈwaxə]) is a large settlement in Northern Ireland, and the county town of County Armagh. It is a site of historical importance for both Celtic paganism and Christianity and is the seat, for both the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of Ireland, of the Archbishop of Armagh. In 1995, Armagh city was twinned with Razgrad, Bulgaria.
Although classed as a medium-sized town, Armagh was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II in 1994. Its population of 14,590 (2001 Census) makes it the least-populated city in both Northern Ireland and on the island of Ireland and the fourth smallest in the United Kingdom.
Eamhain Mhacha (or Navan Fort) at the city's edge, is believed to have been used as an ancient pagan ritual or ceremonial site. According to Irish mythology it was once the capital of Ulster, until it was abandoned during the 1st century. The site was named after the goddess Macha, and as the settlement grew on the hills nearby, it was also named after the goddess — Ard Mhacha means "Macha's height". This name was later anglicised as Ardmagh, which eventually became Armagh.
wn.com/Armagh -
Artigarvan
Artigarvan (from Irish: Ard Tí Garbháin, meaning "height of Garbhán's house") is a village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is 3 miles from Strabane and 4 miles from Dunnamanagh, within the Strabane District Council area. TMC Dairies is located in Artigarvan having previously been known as Leckpatrick Creamery.
In July 2011 an Ulster Volunteer Force flag was removed from Artigarvan without prior consultation with the local community by the Police Service of Northern Ireland.
A new flag has since been displayed.
Artigarvan is classified as a small village or hamlet by the NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) (ie with population between 500 and 1,000 people). On Census day (29 April 2001) there were 603 people living in Artigarvan. Of these:
For more details see the NI Neighbourhood Information Service
Coordinates: 54°51′N 7°24′W / 54.85°N 7.4°W / 54.85; -7.4
wn.com/Artigarvan -
Augher
Coordinates: 54°25′59″N 7°09′00″W / 54.433°N 7.15°W / 54.433; -7.15
Augher (from Irish: Eochair) is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is 18 miles (29 km) southwest of Dungannon, on the A4 Dungannon to Enniskillen road, halfway between Ballygawley and Clogher. The 2001 Census recorded a population of 399.
The historic core of the village developed in linear form along Main Street and is intersected by the A4 road. Augher is a busy community in the Clogher Valley. In the village is the interesting parish church and the quaint old station house for the Clogher Valley Railway, which has since been converted to a coffee house. Once a year the famous Clogher Valley Show is held which displays the high quality farm produce of this very rural area. 'Clogher Valley Cheese', which is locally made is one of the region's food specialities.
By the time of the Nine Years' War Augher was important enough to be used as a garrison town by the forces of Lord Mountjoy, Elizabth I's, Lord Deputy of Ireland, to disrupt the army of the Earl of Tyrone.
wn.com/Augher -
Ballymagorry
Ballymagorry or Ballymagory (from Irish: Baile Mhic Gofraidh) is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is west of Artigarvan and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of Strabane. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 565. It lies within the Strabane District Council area.
It has been a settlement since Plantation times, being founded in the early 17th century by Scotsman Sir George Hamilton of Greenlaw who died around 1654, and whose brother was James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn. Within two generations his lands had been consolidated into the Manor of Cloghogall within the extensive Abercorn estate.
The area was once served by rail, and Ballymagorry had a railway station on the Strabane to Derry line. Ballymagorry station opened on 7 August 1900 but was shut on 1 January 1955. The village lies on the main A5 trunk road between Strabane and 'Derry.
Ballymagorry is classified by the NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) as a Small Village (i.e. with population between 500 and 1,000 people). On Census day (29 April 2001) there were 565 people living in Ballymagorry. Of these:
wn.com/Ballymagorry -
Ballymully Glebe
Tullyhogue Fort, also spelt Tullaghoge or Tullahoge (from Middle Irish Tulach Óc meaning "hill of youth" or "mound of the young warriors"), is large mound on the outskirts of Tullyhogue village near Cookstown, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It has a depressed centre and is surrounded by trees. It is an ancient ceremonial site where chieftains of the O'Neill dynasty of Tyrone were inaugurated.
It is a State Care Historic Monument sited in the townland of Ballymully Glebe, in the Cookstown District Council area, at grid reference: H8250 7430. The inauguration site is a Scheduled Historic Monument at grid ref: H8251 7428.
The date of the construction of Tullyhogue fort is not known, however it is believed to have held great significance from early times, possessing a form of ritual importance long before the O'Neills became associated with the site.
Tullyhogue rath was originally associated with the Uí Tuirtre of Airgialla, and then the O'Hagans between the 11th and 17th centuries. The O'Hagans would dwell at the site and become its hereditary guardians, with their burial place at Donaghrisk situated at the bottom of the hill. In the later medieval period it would become the inauguration site of the O'Neill dynasty, where the title "the O'Neill", was bestowed upon the new lord. The inauguration was carried out by the head's of the O'Cahan and O'Hagan. O'Cahan, the O'Neill's principal sub-chief, threw a golden sandal over the new lords head to signify good luck. O'Hagan, being the hereditary guardians of Tullyhogue, would place the shoe on O'Neills foot and present them with a rod of office.
wn.com/Ballymully_Glebe -
Beaghmore
Beaghmore is a complex of early Bronze Age megalithic features, stone circles and cairns, 8.5 miles north west of Cookstown, County Tyrone in Northern Ireland, on the south-east edge of the Sperrin Mountains. Some documents suggest that Beaghmore translates into English as 'the moor of the birches' but this is plainly wrong, as there is no Irish word for moor that sounds like the English word moor (the usual word is caorán) - Mackay's Dictionary of Ulster Place-names says that it is from an Bheitheach Mhór, meaning "big place of birch trees"; a name that reflects the fact that the area was a woodland before being cleared by Neolithic farmers. Beaghmore stone circles, alignments and cairns are State Care Historic Monuments in the townland of Beaghmore, in the Cookstown District Council area, grid ref: Area of H684 842. At Beaghmore a cairn (grid ref: H6872 8470), a cairn (grid ref: H6856 8472), Stone circles, alignments and cairns (grid ref: area of H684 842), round cairn with standing stones: Bradley’s Cairn (grid ref: H6830 8401) and cairn and alignment (grid ref: H6863 8431), are all Scheduled Historic Monuments.
wn.com/Beaghmore -
Belfast
Coordinates: 54°35′49″N 5°55′48″W / 54.597°N 5.930°W / 54.597; -5.930
Belfast (from Irish: Béal Feirste, meaning "mouth of the shoal") is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the fourteenth largest city in the United Kingdom and second largest on the island of Ireland. It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly. The city of Belfast has a population of 267,500 and lies at the heart of the Belfast urban area, which has a population of 579,276. The Larger Urban Zone, as defined by the European Union, has a total population 641,638. Belfast was granted city status in 1888.
Historically, Belfast has been a centre for the Irish linen industry (earning the nickname "Linenopolis"), tobacco production, rope-making and shipbuilding: the city's main shipbuilders, Harland and Wolff, which built the well-known RMS Titanic, propelled Belfast on to the global stage in the early 20th century as the biggest and most productive shipyard in the world. Belfast played a key role in the Industrial Revolution, establishing its place as a global industrial centre until the latter half of the 20th century. Industrialisation and the inward migration it brought made Belfast, if briefly, the biggest city in Ireland at the turn of the 20th century and the city's industrial and economic success was cited by Ulster unionist opponents of Home Rule as a reason why Ireland should shun devolution and later why Ulster in particular would fight to resist it.
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Benburb
Coordinates: 54°24′43″N 6°44′45″W / 54.41197°N 6.7459°W / 54.41197; -6.7459
Benburb (from Irish: Beann Bhorb meaning "defiant cliff") is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies seven miles from Armagh and nine miles from Dungannon.
Recently Benburb has seen a revival in businesses basing themselves there, Arts and Crafts being the main businesses, there is also a café and a restaurant[1] at the main entrance to the castle which is based in the old courthouse and police barracks which is now also closed.
It is best known, in historical terms, for the Battle of Benburb that took place there in 1646. This was fought between the armies of Confederate Ireland led by Owen Roe O'Neill and the Scottish Covenanters led by Munro. The battle resulted in a crushing victory for O'Neill's men at the townland of Drumflugh around a mile outside the village.
Since the Battle of Benburb was a rare 17th century Irish military victory, after Irish independence the new Irish nationalist government named a street in Dublin's north inner city after the battle. Benburb Street runs between Queen Street and Blackhall Place. There is also a Benburb Street in south Belfast just off the Donegall Road.
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Beragh
Coordinates: 54°33′00″N 7°10′01″W / 54.55°N 7.167°W / 54.55; -7.167
Beragh (from Irish: Bearach) is a village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is about 8 miles (13 kilometres) east of Omagh. The 2001 Census recorded a population of 520.
One of the first known references to the village was on a 1690 Plantation map of Ireland. In the 1820s this village, the property of Earl Belmore, was described as having "one long wide street of very mean houses whose tenants for the most part appear to be poor". The inhabitants mostly worked in trade and agriculture. In 1841 the population was 617, the village having 103 houses. The village had a market patent granted under the name "Lowrystown".
The Portadown, Dungannon and Omagh Junction Railway opened Beragh railway station on 2 September 1861. The Ulster Transport Authority closed the station and the PD&O line on 15 February 1965.
Beragh is classified as a small village or hamlet by the NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) (i.e. with a population between 500 and 1,000 people). On Census day (29 April 2001) there were 520 people living in Beragh. Of these:
wn.com/Beragh -
Black Bog
Black Bog is a raised bog in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, situated about 17km west of Cookstown. It is one of the two largest intact active bogs in Northern Ireland with hummock and hollow pool complexes and represents one of the best examples of this habitat type in the United Kingdom.
The raised bog which covers most of the site contains the full range of characteristic vegetation and structural features associated with this type of habitat and is surrounded by cut-over bog with poor fen.
The Black Bog Ramsar site (wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention), is 183.42 hectares in area, at Latitude 54 40 21 N and Longitude 07 01 00 W. It was designated a Ramsar site on 14 December 1999. It is a large and relatively intact example of a lowland raised bog. The site qualifies under criterion 1a of the Ramsar Convention by being a particularly good representative example of lowland raised bog.
Black Bog is especially important because of its extensive hummock-hollow complex, high cover of Sphagnum species and largely intact lagg. There are some very large sphagnum hummocks. The bog surface features an unusual plant community with locally high cover of Crowberry and large hummocks of Cladonia impexa.
wn.com/Black_Bog -
Brackaville
Coordinates: 54°32′28″N 6°42′00″W / 54.541°N 6.700°W / 54.541; -6.700
Brackaville or Bracaville (possibly from Irish: Bréachmhaoil, meaning "wolf hill") is a village and townland near Coalisland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is in the parish of Donaghenry on the western side of Lough Neagh.
Brackaville is the home of the Gaelic football club Brackaville Owen Roes GFC.
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Bready
Bready (from Irish: An Bhréadaigh) is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 93 people. It lies within the Strabane District Council area.
The village is home to Bready Cricket Club, which first entered junior league and cup competitions in the North-West of Ireland in 1938. To mark the opening of a new pavilion in 1987 a Viv Richards XI played an Ian Botham XI at Bready. In 1996 the club won the North West Senior Cup.
Coordinates: 54°54′55″N 7°25′11″W / 54.91528°N 7.41972°W / 54.91528; -7.41972
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Cappagh
Coordinates: 54°32′34″N 6°55′33″W / 54.54278°N 6.92583°W / 54.54278; -6.92583 Cappagh[needs IPA] (from Irish: Ceapach, meaning "tillage plot") is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is between Pomeroy, Ballygawley, Galbally and Carrickmore, with the hamlet of Galbally about one mile to the east. Most of the land around Cappagh is farmland although a quarry lies just outside the village.
There is also a small rural parish in the west of county Limerick called Cappagh.
wn.com/Cappagh -
Carnteel
Carnteel (from Irish: Carn tSiail, meaning "Sial's cairn") is a hamlet and townland about 2 miles northeast of Aughnacloy in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland.
Coordinates: wiki 54°26′N 6°56′W / 54.433°N 6.933°W / 54.433; -6.933
wn.com/Carnteel -
Carrickmore
Carrickmore (from Irish: an Charraig Mhór meaning "the big rock") is a village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies in the heart of the county on a raised site colloquially called "The Rock"; between Cookstown, Dungannon and Omagh. It had a population of 612 in the 2001 Census.
The area is steeped in history and there are many tales and legends connected with St. Colmcille and the town, including the saint's well, chair and bed which are still in existence. A wide range of historic monuments can be found in the Carrickmore area, including cairns, stone circles, standing stones and raths.
The Dean Brian Maguirc College, a second level education school, is named after Dean Brian McGurk who was Vicar-General to St Oliver Plunkett during the Penal Times and died in Armagh Gaol aged 91.
Carrickmore holds the annual Tyrone County Commemoration of the 1916 Easter Rising and a remembrance ceremony for all republicans killed in The Troubles since 1969.
Two historical figures from the Clan na Gael and Irish Republican Brotherhood hailed from the Carrickmore area: Joseph McGarrity and Patrick McCartan, who helped fund the 1916 Easter Rising.
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Castlecaufield
Castlecaulfield is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies about 2 miles west of Dungannon and is part of the Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council area. The village is mostly within the townland of Drumreany, although part of it extends into Lismonaghan. Castlecaulfield is sometimes called "Caufle" or "Cawfield" by locals. In 2011 the village came joint third in Ulster in Bloom.
The village came in to being during the Plantation of Ulster in an area formerly known as Ballydonnelly. Formerly part of the O'Neill clan's territory, it was "undertaken" by Scottish settlers. The Castle to which the name refers was in the main square and was built to protect the local population from Irish attacks. It was built by Toby Caulfeild, Viscount Charlemont. George Walker is buried in the anglican parish church. Walker was the governor in the city of Derry during the 1689 Siege of Derry.
Coordinates: 54°30′28″N 6°50′10″W / 54.50778°N 6.83611°W / 54.50778; -6.83611
wn.com/Castlecaufield -
Castlederg
Coordinates: 54°42′30″N 7°35′36″W / 54.7083°N 7.5934°W / 54.7083; -7.5934
Castlederg (earlier Caslanadergy, from Irish: Caisleán na Deirge) is a village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies on the River Derg and is near the border with County Donegal. The village has a ruined castle and two ancient tombs known as the Druid's Altar and Todd's Den. It had an estimated population of 2,935 people in 2008.
The village hosts some of the district's key events each year, including the Derg Vintage Rally and the traditional Apple Fair which sees the apple growers of County Armagh visit to sell their wares.
Traditionally, Castlederg was a traveller's stop along the ancient pilgrimage route to Station Island on Lough Derg. The town boasts ancient ruins, monastic settlements and, as the stories go, has connections to Davy Crockett and Joe Sheridan, the creator of Irish coffee.
Castlederg is cited as "the most bombed small town" in Northern Ireland during The Troubles[citation needed], though this dubious honour was disputed, with nearby Strabane (although Strabane is a much larger town in which district council Castlederg is a part of) also trying to claim the title.[citation needed]
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Clady, County Tyrone
Clady (from Irish: Clóidigh meaning "washing river", or Claddagh meaning "muddy riverbank") is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, about 4 miles from Strabane, on the River Finn and the border with County Donegal in the Republic of Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 423 people. In 1842 the population was 176. It lies within the Strabane District Council area.
The village has been pivotal in more recent times in giving profile to the district by acquiring fame in the All Ireland Top of the Town's variety entertainment competition.
According to Lewis in 1842, close to the village is a handsome bridge of seven arches over the River Finn, connecting Clady with the County Donegal. Before the erection of this bridge, there was an important ford here, which was contested with great slaughter by the partisans of William and James, in 1688; and at the time of the Siege of Derry it was a strong post under Colonel Skeffington, who was driven from it by the Duke of Berwick, a short time before King James II crossed the Finn at this place.
wn.com/Clady,_County_Tyrone -
Clanabogan
Clanabogan (from Irish: Cluain Uí Bhogáin, meaning "Ó Bogáin's meadow") is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 225 people. It lies within the Omagh District Council area. There is an anthroposophical living and working community for people with mental handicaps, called Camphill Community Clanabogan.
Coordinates: 54°34′N 7°22′W / 54.567°N 7.367°W / 54.567; -7.367
wn.com/Clanabogan -
Clogher
Coordinates: 54°25′00″N 7°12′00″W / 54.416667°N 7.2°W / 54.416667; -7.2
Clogher (from Irish: Clochar) is a village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies on the River Blackwater, 18 miles (29 km) south of Omagh. The United Kingdom Census of 2001 recorded a population of 309.
The name Clochar refers to something made of stone; probably on the site of the medieval monastery or a nearby ringfort. Archaeological remains from before the fifth century have been found in the vicinity. Clogher is said to have been the location of a gold pagan idol named Cermand Cestach.[citation needed]
Mac Cairthinn of Clogher founded a monastery at the site, which the Synod of Rathbreasail recognised as an episcopal see. The Cathedral Church of Saint Macartan in the village is now one of two cathedrals of the Church of Ireland diocese of Clogher; the other is at Enniskillen. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Clogher has its cathedral in Monaghan.
The "City of Clogher" was a rotten borough in the Parliament of Ireland in the gift of the Protestant bishop. The village also gives its name to the Barony of Clogher, one of the original four baronies of County Tyrone.
wn.com/Clogher -
Coagh
Coordinates: 54°39′N 6°38′W / 54.65°N 6.64°W / 54.65; -6.64
Coagh ( /ˈkoʊk/, from Irish: an Cuach meaning "the basin") is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, situated five miles (8 km) east of Cookstown. Part of the village also extends into County Londonderry. It had a population of 545 people in the 2001 Census. It owes its existence to George Butle Conyngham of Springhill, and was founded in 1728 when King George II granted Conyngham a market charter allowing the village to host 4 fairs per year.
The village nestles among gentle low lying land between the Sperrins and Lough Neagh. The main feature of the village is Hanover Square, which was named after the reigning Hanoverian King George II by Conyngham. The village has been an ancient settlement for several thousand years, overlooking Coagh is Tamlaght Stone a mesolithic dolmen erected circa 4,500BC.
See The Troubles in Coagh, which includes a list of incidents in Coagh during the Troubles resulting in two or more fatalities. On 3 June 1991, Provisional IRA members Lawrence McNally (38), Peter Ryan (37) and Tony Doris (21) were killed in an ambush by an SAS unit. The British Army stated that the IRA volunteers had been intercepted on their way to an attack. Over 200 rounds were fired at the car.
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Coalisland
Coordinates: 54°32′31″N 6°41′38″W / 54.542°N 6.694°W / 54.542; -6.694
Coalisland is a small town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, with a population of 4,917 people (in the 2001 Census). As its name suggests, it was formerly a centre for coal mining.
On 24 August 1968, the Campaign for Social Justice (CSJ), the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA), and other groups, held the first 'civil rights march' in Northern Ireland from Coalisland to Dungannon. The rally was officially banned, but took place and passed off without incident. The publicity surrounding the march encouraged other protesting groups to form branches of the NICRA.
From 1969 to 2001, a total of 20 people were shot in or near Coalisland as part of the Troubles. The British Army killed a total of 8 people, 7 of whom were IRA members (see below) and one a Catholic civilian, and the IRA in turn killed 2 British soldiers, 3 RUC policemen, 3 UDR soldiers, 1 ex-UDR soldier, and 2 Catholic civilians, all in separate incidents. The UVF was responsible for the murder of 1 Catholic in the nearby town of Aughamullan.
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Connacht
Connacht /ˈkɒnɔːt/ (Irish: Connachta / Cúige Chonnacht [ˈkɔnəxtə]), formerly anglicised as Connaught, is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the west of Ireland. In Ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" (in Irish: rí ruirech). Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial purposes. In later centuries, local government legislation has seen further sub-division of the historic counties. In modern times, clusters of counties have been attributed to certain provinces but these clusters have no legal status. The province itself, while enjoying common usage and forming a strong part of local identity, has no official function for local government purposes. Along with counties from other provinces, it lies in the North-West constituency for elections to the European Parliament.
It consists of the counties of Galway, Leitrim, Mayo, Roscommon and Sligo. Its main urban centres are Galway in the south and Sligo in the north. It is the smallest of the four Irish provinces, with a population of 542,039.
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Cookstown
Coordinates: 54°38′49″N 6°44′42″W / 54.647°N 6.745°W / 54.647; -6.745
Cookstown is a town and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the fourth largest town in the county and had a population of nearly 11,000 people in the 2001 Census. It is one of the main towns in the area of Mid-Ulster. It was founded around 1620 when the townlands in the area were leased by an English ecclesiastical lawyer, Dr. Alan Cooke, from the Archbishop of Armagh, who had been granted the lands after the Flight of the Earls. It was one of the main centres of the linen industry West of the River Bann, and until 1956, the processes of flax spinning, weaving, bleaching and beetling were carried out in the town.
Cookstown's famous main street (laid out from c1735–c1800), is 1.25 miles (2.01 km) long and 135 feet (41.15 m) wide, one of the longest, and widest in Ireland.
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County Antrim
County Antrim (named after its former county town, Antrim) is one of six counties that form Northern Ireland, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland. Adjoined to the north-east shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 3,046 km², with a population of approximately 616,000. It is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, lying within the historical province of Ulster.
The Glens of Antrim offer isolated rugged landscapes, the Giant's Causeway is a unique landscape and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Bushmills produces whiskey, and Portrush is a popular seaside resort and night-life area. The majority of the capital city of Northern Ireland, Belfast, is also in County Antrim, with the remainder being in County Down.
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County Armagh
County Armagh (named after its county town, Armagh) is one of six counties that form Northern Ireland, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland. Adjoined to the south shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 1,254 km², with a population of approximately 159,085. It is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, lying within the historical province of Ulster. County Armagh is known as the "Orchard County" because the land is very fertile for apple-growing.
The name "Armagh" derives from the Irish word Ard meaning "height" and Macha, together meaning "height (or high place) and Macha. Macha is mentioned in the Book of the Taking of Ireland, and is also said to have been responsible for the construction of the hill site of Emain Macha (now Navan Fort near Armagh City) to serve as the capital of the Ulaid kings (who give their name to Ulster), also thought to be Macha's height.
From its highest point at Slieve Gullion, in the south of the County, Armagh's land falls away from its rugged south with Carrigatuke, Lislea and Camlough mountains, to rolling drumlin country in the middle and west of the county and finally flatlands in the north where rolling flats and small hills reach sea level at Lough Neagh.
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County Cavan
County Cavan (Irish: Contae an Chabháin) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Cavan. Cavan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 72,874 according to the 2011 census.
Cavan borders six counties; Leitrim to the west, Fermanagh and Monaghan to the north, Meath to the south-east, Longford to the south-west and Westmeath to the south. Cavan shares a 70 km (43 mi) border with County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland. Cavan is the 19th largest of the 32 counties in area and the 25th largest by population. It is also the sixth largest of Ulster's nine counties in size and the seventh largest by population.
There are eight historic baronies in the county. While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they are no longer used for many administrative purposes. Their official status is illustrated by Placenames Orders made since 2003, where official Irish names of baronies are listed under "Administrative units".
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County Clare
County Clare (Irish: Contae an Chláir) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the Mid-West Region and is also part of the province of Munster. Clare County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 116,885 according to the 2011 census.
Clare is north-west of the River Shannon covering a total area of 3,400 square kilometres (1,300 sq mi). Clare is the 7th largest of Ireland’s 32 traditional counties in area and the 19th largest in terms of population. Clare's nickname is the Banner County.
Bodies of water define much of the physical boundaries of Clare. To the southeast is the River Shannon, Ireland's longest river, and to the south is the Shannon Estuary. The border to the northeast is defined by Lough Derg which is the third largest lake on Ireland. To the west is the Atlantic Ocean, and to the north is Galway Bay.
County Clare contains The Burren, a unique karst region, which contains rare flowers and fauna. At the western edge of The Burren, facing the Atlantic Ocean, are the Cliffs of Moher. The highest point in County Clare is Moylussa, 532m, in the Slieve Bernagh range in the east of the county. The following islands lie off the coast of the county:
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County Cork
County Cork (Irish: Contae Chorcaí) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the South-West Region and is also part of the province of Munster. It is named after the city of Cork (Irish: Corcaigh). Cork County Council is the local authority for the county.
There are two local authorities whose remit collectively encompasses the geographic area of the county and city of Cork. The county, excluding Cork city, is administered by Cork County Council while the city is administered separately by Cork City Council. Both city and county are part of the South-West Region. For standardized European statistical purposes, both Cork County Council and Cork City Council rank equally as first level local administrative units of the NUTS 3 South-West Region. There are 34 such LAU 1 entities in the Republic of Ireland.
Both local authorities are responsible for certain local services such as sanitation, planning and development, libraries, the collection of motor taxation, local roads and social housing.
The county is part of the South constituency for the purposes of European elections. For elections to Dáil Éireann, the county is divided into five constituencies - Cork East, Cork North–Central, Cork North–West, Cork South–Central and Cork South–West. Together they return 19 deputies (TDs) to the Dáil.
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County Donegal
County Donegal ( /ˈdʌnɨɡɔːl/ or /ˌdʌnɨˈɡɔːl/; Irish: Contae Dhún na nGall or Contae Thír Chonaill) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Donegal. Donegal County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 160,927 according to the 2011 census.
In terms of size and area, it is the largest county in Ulster and the fourth largest county in all of Ireland. Uniquely, County Donegal shares a border with only one other county in the Republic of Ireland – County Leitrim. The greater part of its land border is shared with three counties of Northern Ireland: County Londonderry, County Tyrone and County Fermanagh. This geographic 'isolation' from the rest of the Republic has led to Donegal people maintaining a distinct cultural identity and has been used to market the county with the slogan Up here it's different. While Lifford is the County Town, Letterkenny is by far the largest town in the county. Letterkenny and the nearby city of Derry form the main economic axis of the north-west of Ireland.
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County Down
County Down (named after its county town, Downpatrick) is one of six counties that form Northern Ireland, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland. Adjoined to the south-east shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 2,448 km², with a population of about 492,840. It is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, lying within the province of Ulster.
The county was archaically called Downshire. It borders County Antrim to the north, the Irish Sea to the east and south, County Armagh to the west, and County Louth to the southwest. In the east of the county is Strangford Lough and the Ards Peninsula. The largest town is Bangor, on the northeast coast. Three other large towns and cities are on its border: Newry lies on the western border with County Armagh, while Lisburn and Belfast lie on the northern border with County Antrim. Down contains both the southernmost point of Northern Ireland (Cranfield Point) and the easternmost point of Ireland (Burr Point).
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County Dublin
County Dublin (Irish: Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath or Contae Átha Cliath) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Dublin Region and is in the province of Leinster. It is named after the city of Dublin, which is the capital of Ireland. County Dublin was one of the first parts of Ireland to be shired by King John of England following the Norman invasion of Ireland. The area of the county no longer has a single local authority; local government is now split between three authorities. The population of the county at large, which includes Dublin city, was 1,270,603 according to the census of 2011.
It is no longer used for local government purposes in Ireland. In 1994, the administrative county (which did not include the county borough of Dublin) was dissolved and the area divided among the administrative counties of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal and South Dublin each with its county seat. To these areas may be added the area of Dublin city which collectively comprise the Dublin Region (Réigiúin Átha Cliath) and come under the remit of the Dublin Regional Authority.
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County Fermanagh
County Fermanagh (pronunciation: /fərmˈænə/) (from Irish: Fear Manach meaning "men of Manach") is the only one of six counties that form Northern Ireland to not adjoin Lough Neagh. Lying within the historical province of Ulster, it is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland.
The county covers an area of 1,691 km² (653 sq; mi), with a population of approximately 57,527, with Enniskillen its county town. It is a mainly rural landscape.
It is one of four counties of Northern Ireland presently to have a majority of the population from a Catholic background, according to the 2001 census.
Fermanagh borders County Tyrone to the north-east, County Monaghan to the south-east, County Cavan to the south-west, County Leitrim to the west and County Donegal to the north-west.
The county is situated mostly in the basin of the River Erne. It is approximately 120 km (75 mi) from Belfast and 160 km (99 mi) from Dublin.
The Annals of Ulster which cover medieval Ireland between AD 431 to AD 1540 were written at Belle Isle on Lough Erne near Lisbellaw.
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County Galway
County Galway (Irish: Contae na Gaillimhe) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the city of Galway. Galway County Council is the local authority for the county. There are several strongly Irish-speaking areas in the west of the county. The population of the county is 250,541 according to the 2011 census.
The first inhabitants in the Galway area arrived over 7000 years ago. Shell middens tell us about the existence of people as early as 5000 BC.
The county originally comprised several kingdoms and territories which predate the formation of the county. They included Aidhne, Uí Maine, Maigh Seóla, Conmhaícne Mara, Soghain and Máenmaige. County Galway came into official existence c. 1569.
A number of inhabited islands are administered by the county; they include Oileáin Árann (Aran Islands) and Inis Bó Fine (Inishbofin).
With the arrival of Christianity many monasteries were built, and written records of events in the area and of its people were kept. These were followed by a number of law-tracts, genealogies, annals and miscellaneous accounts. Extant manuscripts containing references to Galway include:
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County Kerry
County Kerry (Irish: Contae Chiarraí) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the South-West Region and is also part of the province of Munster. It is named after the pre-Gaelic tribe who lived in part of the present county. Kerry County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 145,048 according to the 2011 census.
Kerry is the 5th largest of the 32 counties of Ireland by area and the 13th largest by population. Uniquely, it is bordered by only two other counties: County Limerick to the east and County Cork to the south-east. The county town is Tralee. The diocesan see is Killarney, which is one of Ireland's most famous tourist destinations. The Lakes of Killarney, an area of outstanding natural beauty, are located in Killarney National Park. The tip of the Dingle Peninsula is the most westerly point of Ireland.
There are nine historic baronies in the county. While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they are no longer used for many administrative purposes. Their official status is illustrated by Placenames Orders made since 2003, where official Irish names of baronies are listed under "Administrative units".
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County Kildare
County Kildare (Irish: Contae Chill Dara) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Mid-East Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Kildare. Kildare County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 209,955 according to the 2011 census.
Kildare is the 24th largest of Ireland’s thirty-two counties in area and seventh largest in terms of population. It is the eighth largest of Leinster’s twelve counties in size, and second largest in terms of population. It is bordered by the counties of Carlow, Laois, Meath, Offaly, Dublin and Wicklow. As an inland county, Kildare is a generally lowland region. The county's highest points are the foothills of the Wicklow Mountains bordering to the east. The highest point in Kildare is Cupidstown Hill on the border with Dublin, with the better known Hill of Allen in central Kildare.
The county has three major rivers running through it: the Barrow, the Liffey and the Boyne. The Grand Canal crosses the county from Lyons on the east to Rathangan and Monasterevin on the west. A southern branch joins the Barrow navigation at Athy. The Royal Canal stretches across the north of the county along the border with Meath. Pollardstown Fen is the largest remaining calcareous fen in Ireland, covering an area of 220 hectares and is recognised as an internationally important fen ecosystem with unique and endangered plant communities, and declared a National Nature Reserve in 1986.
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County Kilkenny
County Kilkenny (Irish: Contae Chill Chainnigh) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the South-East Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the city of Kilkenny. The territory of the county was the core part of the ancient Irish Kingdom of Osraige which in turn was the core of the Diocese of Ossory. Kilkenny County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 95,360.
Kilkenny is the 16th largest of Ireland’s 32 counties in area and the 21st largest in terms of population. It is the third largest of Leinster’s 12 counties in size and seventh largest in terms of population.
The county was also divided into subdivisions called baronies. Baronies are divided into townlands. There were 9 baronies and about 800 townlands in Kilkenny in 1802. Each barony was made up of a number of parishes or parts of parishes. Both civil parishes and baronies are now largely obsolete (except for some purposes such as legal transactions involving land) and are no longer used for local government purposes.
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County Laois
County Laois ( /ˈliːʃ/ LEESH; Irish: Contae Laoise) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Midlands Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It was formerly known as Queen's County (Irish: Contae na Banríona) until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. The county's name was formerly spelt as Laoighis and Leix. Laois County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 80,458 according to the 2011 census - 20% higher than it was in the 2006 census which is the highest percentage population growth in the country.
Laois is the 23rd largest of Ireland’s 32 counties in area and 24th largest in terms of population. It is the seventh largest of Leinster’s 12 counties in size and tenth largest in terms of population. The county is landlocked and, uniquely, does not border any other county which touches the coast. It is therefore considered to be "the most landlocked county in Ireland.", although County Roscommon is the geographical centre of Ireland.
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County Leitrim
County Leitrim (Irish: Contae Liatroma) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the Border Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the village of Leitrim. Leitrim County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 31,778 according to the 2011 census.
Leitrim is the 26th largest of the 32 counties by area and the smallest by population. It is the smallest of Connacht’s 5 counties in both size and population. Leitrim is bordered by the counties of Donegal to the north, Fermanagh to the north-east, Cavan to the east, Longford to the south, Roscommon to the south-west and Sligo to the west. Fermanagh is in Northern Ireland while all the other neighbouring counties are within the Republic.
There are five historic baronies in the county. While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they are no longer used for many administrative purposes. Their official status is illustrated by Placenames Orders made since 2003, where official Irish names of baronies are listed under "Administrative units". They are Carrigallen, Drumahaire, Leitrim, Mohill and Rosclogher.
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County Limerick
County Limerick (Irish: Contae Luimnigh) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the Mid-West Region and is also part of the province of Munster. It is named after the city of Limerick. Limerick County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county at large, including the city, is 191,306 according to the 2011 census.
Limerick is the tenth largest of Ireland’s 32 counties by area and the eighth largest by population. It is the fifth largest of Munster’s 6 counties in size and the second largest by population. The River Shannon flows through the city of Limerick into the Atlantic Ocean at the north of the county. Below the city, the waterway is known as the Shannon Estuary. Because the estuary is shallow, the county's most important port is several kilometres west of the city, at Foynes. Newcastle West is the most important county town outside of Limerick city with a population of around 10,000. Other towns mainly lie along the Limerick – Tralee roads (N21) and Limerick – Cork road (N20).
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County Londonderry
County Londonderry or County Derry is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland. Adjoined to the north-west shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 2,074 km², with a population of approximately 233,550. It is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, lying within the historical province of Ulster.
Since 1981, it has become one of four counties in Northern Ireland that has a Catholic majority (55.56% according to the 2001 Census), with 57% of the Catholic population residing within Derry City Council.
The highest point in the county is the summit of Sawel Mountain (678 m) on the border with County Tyrone. Sawel is part of the Sperrin Mountains, which dominate the southern part of the county. To the east and west, the land falls into the valleys of the Bann and Foyle rivers respectively; in the south-east, the county touches the shore of Lough Neagh, which is the largest lake in Ireland; the north of the county is distinguished by the steep cliffs, dune systems, and remarkable beaches of the Atlantic coast.
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County Longford
County Longford (Irish: Contae an Longfoirt) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Midlands Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Longford. Longford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 38,970 according to the 2011 census.
With an area of 1,091 km2 (421 sq mi) and a population of 38,970, Longford is the fourth smallest of the 32 counties in area and second smallest in terms of population. It is also the fourth smallest of Leinster’s 12 counties by size and smallest by population.
Most of Longford lies in the basin of the River Shannon with Lough Ree forming much of the county's western boundary. The north-eastern part of the county, however, drains towards the River Erne and Lough Gowna. Lakeland, bogland, pastureland, and wetland typify Longford's generally low-lying landscapes: the highest point of the county is in the north-west - Carn Clonhugh (also known as Cairn Hill) at 279 m (916 feet). Cairn Hill is the site of a television transmitter broadcasting to much of the Irish midlands. Longford has one of the lowest in the county peaks list ahead of Meath and Westmeath. In general, the northern third of the county is hilly, forming part of the drumlin belt stretching across the northern midlands of Ireland. The southern parts of the county are low-lying, with extensive areas of raised bogland and the land being of better quality for grazing and tillage.
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County Louth
County Louth ( /ˈlaʊð/; Irish: Contae Lú) is a county of Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Louth. Louth County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 122,808 according to the 2011 census.
County Louth is colloquially known as 'the Wee County' as it is the smallest county by area (826 km² (319sq miles). It is the 19th largest in terms of population. It is the smallest of Leinster’s 12 counties by size and the sixth largest by population.
The official spelling in the Irish (Gaelic) language (Lú) must not be confused with the similar sounding superlative form lú meaning smaller or smallest of the adjective beag. Instead, it is derived from Lughbhaidh - the Celtic pagan god Lugh, whose festival was celebrated at Lughnasadh (Lúnasa). This is a county steeped in myth, legend and history, going back to the pre-historical days of the Táin Bó Cúailnge (Cooley Cattle Raid, see Cú Chulainn). Later it saw the influence of the Vikings as seen in the name of Carlingford Lough. There are a number of historic sites in the county, including religious sites at Monasterboice and Mellifont Abbey. In the early fourteenth century the Scottish army of Edward Bruce (brother of Robert of Bannockburn fame) was defeated in the Battle of Faughart near Dundalk, Edward losing not only his claim to the High Kingship Of Ireland, but also his life. The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries featured many skirmishes and battles involving Irish and English forces. Oliver Cromwell attacked Drogheda in 1649 slaughtering the Royalist garrison and hundreds of the town's citizens (Siege of Drogheda). Towards the end of the same century the armies of the warring Kings, James and William, faced off in South Louth during the build-up to the Battle of the Boyne - the battle takes its name from the river Boyne which reaches the sea at Drogheda.
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County Mayo
County Mayo (Irish: Contae Mhaigh Eo) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the village of Mayo, which is now generally known as Mayo Abbey. Mayo County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 130,552 according to the 2011 census. The county was formed in 1585, and its boundaries reflect the Mac William Íochtar lordship at that time.
Mayo is the third largest of Ireland’s 32 counties in area and 15th largest in terms of population. It is the second largest of Connacht’s five counties in both size and population. The main population centres are Castlebar and Ballina, located in the centre and in the north-east of the county respectively. There is a distinct geological difference between the north and the south of the county. The north consists largely of poor subsoils and is covered with large areas of extensive Atlantic blanket-bog, whereas the south is largely a limestone landscape. Agricultural land is therefore more productive in the south than in the north.
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County Meath
County Meath (/ˈmiːð/; Irish: Contae na Mí or simply an Mhí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Mid-East Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Mide (meaning "middle"). Meath County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 184,034 according to the 2011 census.
The county is drained by the River Boyne.
Meath is the 14th largest of Ireland’s 26 counties in area and 9th largest in terms of population. It is the second largest of Leinster’s 12 counties in size and third largest in terms of population. The county town is Navan, where the county hall and government are located, although Trim, the former county town, has historical significance and remains a sitting place of the circuit court. County Meath also has the only two Gaeltacht areas in the province of Leinster, at Ráth Cairn and Baile Ghib.
There are eighteen historic baronies in the county. They include the baronies of Morgallion and Ratoath. While baronies continue to be officially defined units, they are no longer used for many administrative purposes. Their official status is illustrated by Placenames Orders made since 2003, where official Irish names of baronies are listed under "Administrative units".
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County Monaghan
Coordinates: 54°14′38″N 7°02′24″W / 54.244°N 7.040°W / 54.244; -7.040
County Monaghan ( /ˈmɒnəhən/; Irish: Contae Mhuineacháin) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region and is also located in the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Monaghan. Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 60,495 according to the 2011 census.
Monaghan is the fourth smallest of the Republic's 26 counties in area and fourth smallest by population. It is the second smallest of Ulster’s nine counties in size and smallest in terms of population.
Notable mountains include Mullyash Mountain, Slieve Beagh (on the border with Tyrone and Fermanagh) and Coolberrin Hill (214 m, 702 ft). Lakes include Lough Egish, Lough Fea, Muckno Lough, Lough Avaghon, Inner Lough (in Dartrey Forest), Drumlona Lough, White Lough and Emy Lough. Rivers in Monaghan include the River Fane (along the Louth border), the River Glyde (along the Louth and Meath borders), the Ulster Blackwater (along the border with County Tyrone) and the Dromore river (along the border of County Cavan, linking Cootehill to Ballybay).
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County Offaly
County Offaly (Irish: Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Midlands Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe and was formerly known as King's County until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. Offaly County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 76,806 according to the 2011 census.
Offaly is the 18th largest of Ireland’s 32 counties by area and the 23rd largest in terms of population. It is the fifth largest of Leinster’s 12 counties by size and the 9th largest by population. It is the largest county by area and the second largest by population in the Midlands.
Tullamore is the county town and largest town in Offaly and is the 30th largest in Ireland. Offaly borders seven counties, the second most of any county after Tipperary, which borders eight. Offaly is bordered by Galway, Roscommon, Tipperary, Laois, Westmeath, Kildare and Meath. The Slieve Bloom Mountains are in the southern part of the county on the border with Laois. Offaly has the 24th highest county peak in Ireland. The highest point is Arderin (Irish: Ard Éireann) in the Slieve Blooms at 527 metres (1,729 ft). The Slieve Bloom Mountains contain the county's highest points including Stillbrook Hill and Wolftrap Mountain which are the county's second and third highest peaks. Croghan Hill rises from the Bog of Allen and is located in northern Offaly. Although only 234 metres high, it is known for its view over the surrounding area and it stands out by itself.
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County Roscommon
County Roscommon (Irish: Contae Ros Comáin) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the town of Roscommon. Roscommon County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 63,896 according to the 2011 census.
Roscommon is the 11th largest of the 32 counties of Ireland by area and the fifth least-populous county in Ireland. It has the second least population density after Leitrim. It is the third largest of Connacht’s five counties by size and fourth largest in terms of population. The county borders every other Connacht county (Galway, Mayo, Sligo and Leitrim). In 2008, a news report said that statistically, Roscommon has the longest life expectancy of any county on the island of Ireland.Lough Key in north Roscommon is noted for having thirty-two islands. The Geographical centre of Ireland is located in the county.
Roscommon comes from the Irish Ros meaning a wooded, gentle height and Comán, the name of the county's famous saint and the first bishop of the see. Rathcroghan was home to the Kings of Connacht and then to the High Kings of Ireland.
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County Sligo
County Sligo (Irish: Contae Shligigh) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the Border Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the town of Sligo. Sligo County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 65,270 according to the 2011 census. An archaeological recovery suggests the county may have been one of the earliest places of human settlement in Ireland.
Sligo is the 22nd largest of Ireland's 32 counties in area and 26th largest in terms of population. It is the fourth largest of Connacht's 5 counties in size and third largest in terms of population.
Sligo County Council is the governing body for the county. It is divided into five Local Electoral Areas (LEAs) Ballymote, Dromore, Sligo-Drumcliffe, Sligo-Strandhill and Tubbercurry. There are 25 members elected to Sligo County Council.
Sligo is part of the Sligo-North Leitrim constituency and has three representatives (TD's) in Dáil Éireann, Tony McLoughlin (FG), John Perry (FG) and Michael Colreavy (SF). It also has two representatives to Seanad Éireann, Marc MacSharry and Geraldine Feeney.
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County Tipperary
County Tipperary (Irish: Contae Thiobraid Árann) is a county of Ireland. It is located in the province of Munster and is named after the town of Tipperary. The area of the county does not have a single local authority; local government is split between two authorities. In North Tipperary, part of the Mid-West Region, local government is in the care of North Tipperary County Council. In South Tipperary, part of the South-East Region, local government is in the care of South Tipperary County Council. The population of the county is 158,652 according to the 2011 census.
Tipperary is the sixth largest of the 32 counties by area and the 11th largest by population. It is the third largest of Munster’s 6 counties by size and the third largest by population. The region is part of the central plain of Ireland, but the diversified terrain contains several mountain ranges: the Knockmealdown, the Galtee, the Arra Hills and the Silvermine. The southern portion of the county is drained by the River Suir; the northern by tributaries of the Shannon which widens into Lough Derg. No part of the county touches the coast. The centre is known as 'the Golden Vale', a rich pastoral stretch of land in the Suir basin which extends into counties Limerick and Cork.
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County Tyrone
County Tyrone (from Irish: Tír Eoghain, meaning "land of Eoghan") is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland. Adjoined to the south-west shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 3,155 km², with a population of approximately 166,516, with its county town being Omagh. It is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, lying within the historical province of Ulster.
Tyrone is the seventh largest of Ireland’s thirty-two counties in area and eighth largest in terms of population. It is the second largest of Ulster’s nine counties in size and fourth largest in terms of population.
The name Tyrone is derived from Irish: Tír Eoghain meaning "land of Eoghan". This Eoghan was son of king Niall of the Nine Hostages, and brother of Conall Gulban, who gave his name to the kingdom of Tír Chonaill. Historically, it was anglicised as Tirowen or Tyrowen, which are closer to the Irish pronunciation.
Historically Tyrone stretched as far north as Lough Foyle, and comprised part of modern day County Londonderry east of the River Foyle. The majority of County Londonderry was carved out of Tyrone between 1610-1620 when that land went to the Guilds of London to set up profit making schemes based on natural resources located there. Tyrone was the traditional stronghold of the various O'Neill clans and families, the strongest of the Gaelic Irish families in Ulster, surviving into the seventeenth century. The ancient principality of Tír Eoghain, the inheritance of the O'Neills, included the whole of the present counties of Tyrone and Londonderry, and the four baronies of West Inishowen, East Inishowen, Raphoe North and Raphoe South in County Donegal.
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County Waterford
County Waterford (Irish: Contae Phort Láirge) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the South-East Region and is also located in the province of Munster. It is named after the city of Waterford which is derived from the Old Norse name Veðrafjǫrðr or Vedrarfjord. There is an Irish-speaking area in the south of the county. Waterford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county at large, including the city, is 113,707 according to the 2011 census.
County Waterford has two mountain ranges, the Knockmealdown Mountains and the Comeragh Mountains. The highest point in the county is Knockmealdown, at 794m. It also has many rivers, including Ireland's third longest river, the River Suir (184 km); and Ireland's fourth longest river, the Munster Blackwater (168 km). There are over 30[citation needed] beaches along Waterford's volcanic[citation needed] coast line. A large stretch of this coastline, known as the Copper Coast has been designated as a UNESCO Geopark, a place of great geological importance. The area around Ring (An Rinn) is a Gaeltacht, an Irish-speaking area.
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County Westmeath
County Westmeath (/wɛstˈmiːð/; Irish: Contae na hIarmhí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Midlands Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Mide (meaning "middle") following the division of the Kingdom. Westmeath County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 85,961 according to the 2011 census.
Westmeath is the 20th largest of Ireland's 32 counties by area and the 22nd largest in terms of population. It is the sixth largest of Leinster’s 12 counties in size and eighth largest in terms of population. It was named after the historic kingdom and province of Mide, of which the county was the most western part. Westmeath was shired under The Counties of Meath and Westmeath Act of 1543. The Hill of Uisneach in the barony of Moycashel is sometimes regarded as the notional geographical centre of Ireland although the actual geographic centre of Ireland lies in neighbouring County Roscommon.
The head office of Westmeath County Council is located in Mullingar. There are currently 22 councillors. The five electoral areas of Westmeath are Athlone (7 seats), Coole (3 seats), Kilbeggan (3 seats), Mullingar East (4 seats) and Mullingar West (5 seats). The Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898, provided the framework for the establishment of County Councils throughout Ireland. The first meeting of Westmeath County Council was held on 22 April 1899.
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County Wexford
County Wexford (Irish: Contae Loch Garman) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the South-East Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Wexford. In pre-Norman times it was part of the Kingdom of Uí Cheinnselaig, whose capital was at Ferns.Wexford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 145,273 according to the 2011 census.
Wexford is the 13th largest of Ireland’s thirty-two counties in area and 16th largest in terms of population. It is the largest of Leinster’s 12 counties in size and fourth largest in terms of population. The county is located in the south-east corner of the island of Ireland. It is bounded by the sea on two sides—on the south by the Atlantic Ocean and on the east by St. George's Channel and the Irish Sea. The River Barrow forms its western boundary. The Blackstairs Mountains form part of the boundary to the north, as do the southern edges of the Wicklow Mountains. The adjoining counties are Waterford, Kilkenny, Carlow and Wicklow.
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County Wicklow
County Wicklow (Irish: Contae Chill Mhantáin, [ˈkɔnˠt̪ˠeː ˈçɪl̪ʲ ˈwanˠt̪ˠaːnʲ]) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Mid-East Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Wicklow, which derives from the Old Norse name Víkingalág or Wykynlo. Wicklow County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 136,448 according to the 2011 census.
Wicklow is colloquially known as the Garden County. It is the 17th largest of Ireland’s 32 counties by area and 17th largest by population. It is the fourth largest of Leinster’s 12 counties by size and the fifth largest in terms of population.
The Wicklow Mountains range is the largest continuous upland region in Ireland. The highest mountain in the range, Lugnaquilla, rises to 925 metres, making Wicklow the second highest county peak after Kerry. The Wicklow Way is the oldest waymarked long distance walking trail in Ireland, and the area is a popular attraction, as the region offers multiple choices of recreation including fishing, rafting and hillwalking. Also in its midst lies the monastic settlement of Glendalough, believed to have been founded by St. Kevin, and now a popular tourist attraction; as well as Powerscourt Waterfall, the highest waterfall in Ireland.
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Cranagh
Cranagh (pronounced /ˈkrænɑː/ KRAN-ah,[citation needed] from Irish: an Chrannóg, meaning "the crannóg") is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is in the Glenelly Valley, about seven miles from Plumbridge.In the 2001 Census it had a population of 66 people. It is within the Strabane District Council area.
Goles Stone Row is composed of eleven individual upright stones arranged in a straight-line 16 metres long. It was built 3000 to 4000 years ago and is thought to be associated with rituals to observe the rising moon.[citation needed]
Coordinates: 54°47′N 7°05′W / 54.783°N 7.083°W / 54.783; -7.083
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Derry
Coordinates: 54°59′45″N 7°18′27″W / 54.9958°N 7.3074°W / 54.9958; -7.3074
Derry or Londonderry is the second-biggest city in Northern Ireland and the fourth-biggest city on the island of Ireland. The name Derry is an anglicisation of the Irish name Doire or Doire Cholmcille, (Old Irish "Dhoire") meaning "oak-wood of Colmcille". In 1613, the city was granted a Royal Charter by King James I and the "London" prefix was added, changing the name of the city to Londonderry. While the city is more usually known as Derry, Londonderry is also used and remains the legal name.
The old walled city lies on the west bank of the River Foyle, which is spanned by two road bridges and one footbridge. The city now covers both banks (Cityside on the west and Waterside on the east). The city district also extends to rural areas to the southeast. The population of the city proper (the area defined by its 17th century charter) was 83,652 in the 2001 Census, while the Derry Urban Area had a population of 90,663. The Derry City Council area had a population of 107,300 as of June 2006. The district is administered by Derry City Council and contains both Londonderry Port and City of Derry Airport.
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Derrylaughan
Coordinates: 54°31′05″N 6°36′32″W / 54.518°N 6.609°W / 54.518; -6.609
Derryloughan is a small townland in the civil parish of Clonoe in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies on the southwest corner of Lough Neagh, 4 miles from Coalisland. It is also located in the former barony of Omagh East.
Derryloughan is mainly bogland, due to the overflow of Lough Neagh in the winter time and also due to heavy rain which lies in hallows in the ground.
Along the shore of Lough Neagh and around the Washing Bay area has been designated an area of scientific interest. Once a rural farming and peat processing community this area now has a diverse population with Engineering being one of the main employment sectors.
Running beside the 'Moss' is the holy river. It is referred to as holy because saint Bridget came and blessed the water. Many people have come for hundreds of years for a treatment for whatever illness they had. This continue to happens today but on a smaller scale.[citation needed]
The local GAA club is Derrylaughan Kevin Barrys GAC. Many members of the Noamh Colum Cille Hurling club, which is based a couple of miles away on the Washing Bay Road also hail from Derryloughan.[citation needed]
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Derrytresk
Derrytresk (from Irish: Doire Treasc or Doir Troisca) is a small townland outside Coalisland, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland and is close to the shores of Lough Neagh. Derrytresk is over 1,000 acres (4.0 km2) and consists of sub-townlands; Derryvarne, Derrykiltena and Derrynahaskila. It means "Grove of the Brewers' Grains".
The neighbouring townlands are Derryloughan, Cronkil, Mullanakill North, Annaghbeg, Drumcrow, Corr, Annaghmore and Annaghaboe. Local landmarks include Doire Treasc Fir an Chnoic Clubrooms & Playing field, Kingisland Chapel & School and Coalisland Canal.[citation needed]
Notable people from Derrytresk include Patrick Hagan who settled in Scott County, Virginia, USA having left Derrytresk in 1847. Patrick trained as an attorney and acted in the trial of Daniel Dean.[citation needed]
Derrytresk Fir An Chnoic (English: Men of the Hill) is the local GAA, and the local camogie team Doiretreasc Cailini an Chonic (English: Girls of the Hill).[citation needed]. Coordinates: 54°30′41″N 6°38′40″W / 54.51139°N 6.64444°W / 54.51139; -6.64444
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Donemana
Donemana or Dunnamanagh (named after the townland of Dunnamanagh, from Irish: Dún na Manach meaning "stronghold of the monks") is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is 11 kilometres north-east of Strabane, on the banks of the Burn Dennett and at the foothills of the Sperrins. It is the largest of the thirteen villages in the Strabane District Council area and had a population of 593 in the 2001 Census.
Other anglicised spellings of its name include Dun[n]amana[gh] and Don[n]amana[gh].
The village was established in the early 17th century as part of the Plantation of Ulster, instigated by James I in 1609. Land in the area was granted to John Drummond who established the village; building a bawn (an enclosed, fortified farmyard, designed as a place of refuge for settlers in case of attack), 10 wicker-work houses, and a watermill for grinding corn.
Donemana railway station opened on 6 August 1900 but was shut on 1 January 1955.
It has two primary schools, Donemana County Primary School and St. Patrick's Primary School. Local children generally attend secondary school in Strabane or Derry.
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Dooish
Dooish (from Irish: Dubhais, meaning "Black hill-base") is a village and townland near Drumquin in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 93 people. It lies within the Omagh District Council area.
Coordinates: 54°35′20″N 7°29′30″W / 54.58889°N 7.49167°W / 54.58889; -7.49167
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Douglas Bridge
Douglas Bridge is a small village near Strabane in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 81 people. It lies within the Strabane District Council area.
The name comes the from Irish: Dúglas meaning "black stream" and the English bridge. Douglas is the townland in which the village lies. The modern Irish name is Droichead na Dúghlaise.
Coordinates: 54°45′N 7°25′W / 54.75°N 7.417°W / 54.75; -7.417
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Drumkee
Coordinates: 54°30′36″N 6°40′30″W / 54.510°N 6.675°W / 54.510; -6.675
Drumkee is a small townland outside Dungannon in the parish of Killyman in the southeast of County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is directly south of the area presently known as Coalisland. It is east, and slightly north, of Dungannon.
It was part of the historic Barony of Dungannon, and the barony's tax records dated 1666 list two families living in Drumkee.
The prefix "Drum" means "ridge" and comes from the Gaelic word droim.
Drumkee presently has a population of around 150, and many of its inhabitants are relations.[citation needed] Surnames which appear on the 1666 list include McRory and Condson. By the mid-19th century, the name Hunter appears in Drumkee burial records. The surname Mullan appears in a 1910 directory of the area.
Drumkee is affiliated with the Killyman Gaelic Athletic Association football club, St. Brigids.[citation needed]
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Drumnakilly
Drumnakilly (from Irish: Druim na Coille, meaning "ridge of the wood") is a small village and townland between Carrickmore and Omagh in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 114 people. It lies within the Omagh District Council area.
Coordinates: 54°36′14″N 7°10′08″W / 54.60389°N 7.16889°W / 54.60389; -7.16889
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Drumquin
Coordinates: 54°36′58″N 7°29′26″W / 54.616095°N 7.490444°W / 54.616095; -7.490444
Drumquin (from Irish: Druim Caoin, meaning "pleasant ridge") is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies between Omagh and Castlederg, on the banks of the Drumquin River (Fairywater). It had a population of 1923 people in the 2001 Census.
It has a rich and varied historical legacy with a Neolithic stone circle, a Holy Well, and the Giant's Stone on Dooish Mountain.
Those who are acquainted with the works of the noted Irish writer Benedict Kiely will be aware of his many references to the Drumquin district, with which he has family connections on his mothers side. In 1802, the countryside around Drumquin was described as one continuous scene of dreary mountains. However, the traveller did point out that forty years before that a rich coalmine had been opened at Drumquin and a canal opened to transport the coal. Drumquin has been in existence since 1211. Sir John Davies founded the village itself in 1617, and the same gentleman built Castle Curlews, later called Castle Kirlish, the remains of which can be seen in the town land of that name. His agent was a man called Bradley, one of whose family was responsible in later times for the building of the fine stone house, which is a feature of the village today. It is interesting to note that Castle Kirlish was joined to Castlederg Castle by a straight causeway, which was seven miles (11 km) long. Traces of this causeway could still be observed in 1837.
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Dungannon
Coordinates: 54°30′N 6°46′W / 54.50°N 6.77°W / 54.50; -6.77
Dungannon (from Irish: Dún Geanainn, meaning "Geanann's stronghold") is a medium-sized town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the third-largest town in the county (after Omagh and Strabane) and a population of 11,139 people was recorded in the 2001 Census. In August 2006, Dungannon won Ulster In Bloom's Best Kept Town Award for the fifth time. It contains the headquarters of the Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council.
Dungannon's fortunes have been closely tied to that of the O'Neill dynasty which ruled most of Ulster until the seventeenth century and was the most powerful Gaelic family. Dungannon was the clan's main stronghold which made it by default the most important settlement in Gaelic Ireland. The traditional site of inauguration for 'The O'Neill', was Tullyhogue Fort, an Iron Age mound some four miles northeast of Dungannon. The clan O'Hagan were the stewards of this site for the O'Neills.The last castle was located at what is today known as Castle Hill; the location was ideal for a fort as it was one of the highest points in Tyrone, and dominated the surrounding countryside with the ability to see seven counties depending on the weather. Its location ultimately led to the British Army taking over the site for a security installation during The Troubles, only being returned to the local council in August 2007.
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Dunnamore
Dunnamore (formerly spelt Donamore; from Irish: Domhnach Mór, meaning "great church") is a village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is near the main A505 road between Omagh and Cookstown. There is a stone circle within two miles of the village centre.
Coordinates: 54°40′11″N 6°55′38″W / 54.66972°N 6.92722°W / 54.66972; -6.92722
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Eglish
Eglish (from Irish: an Eaglais, meaning "the church") is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is about 6km southwest of Dungannon and is within the Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council area. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 93. The village has grown in a dispersed form and has a mix of housing, industry and services.
Eglish St. Patrick's is the local Gaelic Athletic Association club.
Roan St Patrick's is the local primary school.
Coordinates: 54°27′N 6°48′W / 54.45°N 6.8°W / 54.45; -6.8
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Erganagh
Coordinates: 54°42′58″N 7°32′56″W / 54.716°N 7.549°W / 54.716; -7.549
Erganagh (likely from Irish: Earganach) is a small village and townland near Castlederg in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 366 people. It is within the Strabane District Council area.
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Eskra
Coordinates: 54°28′52″N 7°12′22″W / 54.481°N 7.206°W / 54.481; -7.206
Eskra or Eskragh (from Irish: Eiscreach) is a small village and townland in southwest County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is on the Omagh to Clogher road, about 10 miles from Omagh and about 4 miles from Clogher.
The Roman Catholic parish church is named St Patrick's. The Protestant Church of Ireland is named St Mark's. Drinkers in the village are served by the Bridge Tavern (also known as O'Hagan's) and Marlow's Pub - now the Town Bar(formerly known as McSorley's).
Eskra lies in the hilly land overlooking Augher and the Clogher valley. Its most notable geological feature and historical site is Knockmany Hill.
Until 1869 Eskra was part of Clogher Parish. In 1841, before the Great Famine, the population of the present Eskra Parish was 4,713. In June 1995 there were 815 people in the parish, 70% of whom were Roman Catholic.
Eskra is home to Eskra Emmetts Gaelic football club.
(This list is not necessarily complete)
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Evish
Coordinates: 54°48′40″N 7°24′11″W / 54.811°N 7.403°W / 54.811; -7.403 Evish (Irish: Eimhis, meaning "coarse mountain pasture") is a small rural community area in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland situated 3 miles from Strabane and 7 miles from Plumbridge. Within the area is Evish Primary School. and also Evish Cross Community Group.
It includes Dergalt where President Woodrow Wilson's ancestral home is located.
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Fintona
Coordinates: 54°30′N 7°19′W / 54.50°N 7.32°W / 54.50; -7.32
Fintona (from Irish: Fionntamhnach, meaning "white field") is a village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the second largest settlement in the Omagh District Council area, after Omagh itself. Its 2008 population was estimated to be 1,407.
This area has had known human dwelling for about 4,000 years and there are many burial places, standing stones, stone circles and graves in the area around Fintona. The Uí Néill built a fortress here in the fifteenth century, but in 1668 the area passed into the ownership of the Eccles family.
Fintona is linked to Omagh by the B122 road. This connects to the A5 Omagh to Ballygawley road 2 miles (3 km) outside Omagh. Recently there has been controversy over the state of a half-mile stretch of this road, known as the "green spot", about 3 miles from Omagh.
Fintona railway station opened on 5 June 1853 and Fintona Junction railway station opened on 1 May 1856. Both stations were shut on 1 October 1957.
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Fivemiletown
Coordinates: 54°22′48″N 7°18′45″W / 54.379881°N 7.312593°W / 54.379881; -7.312593
Fivemiletown is a village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is 16 miles (26 km) east of Enniskillen and 26 miles (43 km) west-south-west of Dungannon, on the A4 Enniskillen-to-Dungannon road. Its population as of 2008 is estimated to be 1,356. The village is most famous for its creamery, which was begun as a cooperative in 1898 by Hugh de Fellonburg Montgomery. Fivemiletown Creamery originally made butter and milk, but now exports speciality cheeses across Europe and North America.
Fivemiletown's English language name comes from its location five Irish miles (1 Irish mile = 1.27 statute miles = 2044 m) from its nearest neighbours: Clogher, Brookeborough and Tempo.
Fivemiletown is within the townland of the same name, which was historically known as Ballylurgan (from Irish: Baile na Lorgan meaning "settlement of the long ridge").
The Clogher Valley Railway ran from Tynan, County Armagh, to Maguiresbridge, County Fermanagh, with Fivemiletown being one of its main stations. The old station house is still one of the landmarks in the village. The trains stopped at the Buttermarket on Main Street and the creamery to be loaded or unloaded with goods.
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Garvaghey
Coordinates: 54°29′20″N 7°08′06″W / 54.489°N 7.135°W / 54.489; -7.135 Garvaghey or Garvaghy (pronounced /ɡɑrˈvɑːhi/ gar-VAH-hee,[citation needed] from Irish: Garbhachadh, meaning "rough field") is a hamlet in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is between Ballygawley (about 5 miles to the southeast) and Omagh (about 11 miles to the northwest). It has a primary school called St Matthew's, a pub called Kelly's Inn, a shop and a Catholic chapel also called St Matthew's.
The Poet John Montague was born in New York (28 February 1929) and was brought up in Garvaghey.
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Garvetagh
Coordinates: 54°41′02″N 7°34′41″W / 54.684°N 7.578°W / 54.684; -7.578 Garvetagh[gaeilge needed] is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, near Castlederg. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 66 people. It lies within the Strabane District Council area.
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Gillygooly
Coordinates: 54°36′50″N 7°21′25″W / 54.614°N 7.357°W / 54.614; -7.357
Gillygooly is a small village and townland west of Omagh in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 72 people. It lies within the Omagh District Council area. The earliest reference to the townland of Gillygooly is the anglicisation Killagauland from c1655, which may be from Irish: Coill na Gualann, meaning "wood of the hill-shoulder".
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Glenelly Valley
Coordinates: 54°46′26″N 7°05′06″W / 54.774°N 7.085°W / 54.774; -7.085
Glenelly Valley or simply Glenelly (from the Irish: Gleann Aichle) is the longest valley in the Sperrin Mountains in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies within the Sperrin Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and is also in an Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA).
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Glenmornan
Coordinates: 54°50′35″N 7°21′54″W / 54.843°N 7.365°W / 54.843; -7.365
Glenmornan (from Irish: Gleann Mórnáin) is a hamlet in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is in the townland of Brownhill, northeast of Strabane and southeast of Artigarvan. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 78 people. Glenmornan is in the Strabane District Council area.
Owen Roes O'Neills is the local Gaelic Athletic Association club.
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Gortaclare
Coordinates: 54°31′26″N 7°12′40″W / 54.524°N 7.211°W / 54.524; -7.211 Gortaclare (from Irish: Gort a' Chláir) is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 66 people (along with Moylagh). It lies within the Omagh District Council area.
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Gortin
Coordinates: 54°43′N 7°14′W / 54.71°N 7.23°W / 54.71; -7.23
Gortin (from Irish: an Goirtín, meaning "the small enclosed field") is a village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is ten miles (16 km) north of Omagh in the valley of the Owenkillew river, overlooked by the Sperrins. It had a population of 360 at the 2001 Census.
In the 1840s Gortin was in the barony of Strabane. Its 410 inhabitants lived in 81 houses indifferently built and so placed as to form one irregular street. A writer at the time described the surrounding scenery, though bold, as "generally destitute of beauty from the want of wood, which is found only at Beltrim, a residence surrounded by young and thriving plantations".
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Ireland
Coordinates: 53°20′N 08°00′W / 53.333°N 8°W / 53.333; -8
Ireland (pronounced [ˈaɪrlənd] (
listen); Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ( listen); Ulster Scots: Airlann or Airlan) is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth. To its east is the larger island of Great Britain, from which it is separated by the Irish Sea.
Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers just under five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which covers the remainder and is located in the northeast of the island. The population of Ireland is approximately 6.4 million. Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just under 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland.
Relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain epitomise Ireland's geography with several navigable rivers extending inland. The island has lush vegetation, a product of its mild but changeable oceanic climate, which avoids extremes in temperature. Thick woodlands covered the island until the 17th century. Today, it is one of the most deforested areas in Europe. There are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland.
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Kildress
Coordinates: 54°39′04″N 6°51′22″W / 54.651°N 6.856°W / 54.651; -6.856
Kildress (Irish: Cill Dreasa, meaning "church of the brambles") is a village on the outskirts of Cookstown in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is home to a Gaelic Athletics club of the same name, as well as being located close to Drum Manor Forest Park and Wellbrook Beetling Mill.
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Killeter
Coordinates: 54°40′07″N 7°40′56″W / 54.6687°N 7.6823°W / 54.6687; -7.6823
Killeter (from Irish: Coill Íochtair, meaning "lower wood") is a small village and townland near Castlederg in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 147.
Killeter has a yearly August fair, which celebrates the diversity and richness of rural life. The village itself sits along an ancient pilgrimage trail which winds its way to Lough Derg. The national cycle network traverses part of this trail, which is bounded to the west by Killeter Forest.
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Killyman
Coordinates: 54°29′24″N 6°42′14″W / 54.490°N 6.704°W / 54.490; -6.704
Killyman (Irish: Cill na mBan, meaning "church of the women") is a civil parish in Northern Ireland, situated on the eastern boundary of County Tyrone and extending into County Armagh. 37 of its 43 townlands are in Tyrone; the River Blackwater separates the two counties. It contains the small, predominantly Protestant, settlement of Killyman proper, which lies some 4 km (2.5 mi) southeast of Dungannon and immediately south of the M1 motorway.
The settlement, which developed around a crossroads on the road from Belfast to Dungannon, consists mainly of a number of single dwellings, although there has also been some in-depth housing development in recent years. Local facilities include a small number of shops, primary schools and churches.
Mortimer O'Sullivan was the Church of Ireland rector here in the 1830s.
Killyman Primary School Laghey Primary School Laghey Primary School
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Kilskeery
Kilskeery (from Irish: Cill Scíre) is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is between Ballinamallard and Trillick. In the 2001 census it had a population of 57 people. Kilskeery is within the Omagh District Council area.
The Ballinamallard River flows through the village towards Lough Erne. The village has two graveyards within its boundaries. The "old" graveyard surrounded by stone walls has graves from the 19th century.
The village hosts various clubs:
The village is headed at the north by the local Church of Ireland church standing on top of a hill overlooking the village. A few years ago uplighting was added around the church making it an amazing sight when it gets dark. The church has a tower with a bell that can be heard for miles around, and is used on Sunday mornings. The Church is surrounded by what is referred to as the 'new' graveyard and just behind the church is the Sunday school rooms, built quite recently to accommodate the expanding Sunday school classes.
Behind the church grounds is the local primary school, the Queen Elizabeth II. It has two classrooms and a dining hall, outside is the playing field and the school garden.
The row of houses leading southwards from the church is called Beatty Terrace, a row of medium sized semi detached houses which originally had the same floor plans but due to renovation work now differ slightly.
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Knockmoyle
Knockmoyle (pronounced /nɒkˈmɔɪl/ nok-MOYL, from Irish: an Cnoc Maol, meaning "the bald hill") is a hamlet and townland approximately 8 kilometres northwest of Omagh in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 census the Knockmoyle area had 141 households and a population of 329. It has a post office, church (est. 1800) and public house. The nearby River Strule is well known for its trout fishing. Other attractions nearby include the Gortin Glens Forest Park and the Ulster American Folk Park. The Ulster Way walking route passes through Knockmoyle. Coordinates: 54°39′N 7°19′W / 54.65°N 7.317°W / 54.65; -7.317
Omagh United Football Club, formed in the summer of 2007 from an amalgamation of three Omagh soccer clubs, played its home matches at the Athletic Park in Knockmoyle until the club was forced to fold at the end of the 2009/10 season due to financial reasons. In its first season Omagh United played in the Fermanagh and Western League and in the 2008/2009 season progressed into Intermediate B of the Mid Ulster Football League. The club had a highly successful year and won the league before playing in Intermediate A, part of the Northern Ireland football league system, until it folded in 2010.
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Landahaussy
Coordinates: 54°45′43″N 7°14′46″W / 54.762°N 7.246°W / 54.762; -7.246 Landahaussy or Landahussy (possibly from Irish: Lann Uí Eoghasa, meaning "Ó Eoghasa's church") is a small village and townland near Plumbridge in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is within the Strabane District Council area.
It is the birthplace of mathematician James MacCullagh.
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Leinster
Leinster (/ˈlɛnstər/ — Irish: Laighin / Cúige Laighean — pronounced [ˈl̪ˠaːjɪnʲ]) is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the east of Ireland. It comprises the ancient Kingdoms of Mide, Osraige and Leinster. Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the historic fifths of Leinster and Mide gradually merged, mainly due to the impact of the Pale, which straddled both, thereby forming the present-day province of Leinster. The ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial purposes. In later centuries, local government legislation has seen further sub-division of the historic counties. In modern times, clusters of counties have been attributed to certain provinces but these clusters have no legal status. The province itself, while enjoying common usage and forming a strong part of local identity, has no official function for local government purposes. The population of Leinster is 2,501,208 according to the 2006 census, making it the most populous province in the country. The traditional flag of Leinster features a golden harp on a green background.
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Lisburn
Coordinates: 54°30′43″N 6°01′52″W / 54.512°N 6.031°W / 54.512; -6.031
Lisburn (Irish: Lios na gCearrbhach) is a city in Northern Ireland. It is situated southwest of Belfast on the River Lagan which forms the boundary between County Antrim and County Down. Lisburn forms part of the Belfast metropolitan area. It had a population of 71,465 people in the 2001 Census and a population density of 243 per km². The wider council area has a growing population of 114,000, making it the second largest council district, after Belfast.
Formerly a borough, Lisburn was granted city status in 2002 as part of Queen Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee celebrations. It is the third-largest city in Northern Ireland and the sixth-largest on the island of Ireland, though the proposed changes to the status of Tallaght would render it seventh.
The town was originally known as Lisnagarvy (also spelt Lisnagarvey, Lisnegarvey, Lisnegarvy, Lisnegarvagh or Lisnagarvagh) after the townland in which it formed. This is derived from Irish: Lios na gCearrbhach meaning "ringfort of the gamesters/gamblers".
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Lough Foyle
Lough Foyle, sometimes Loch Foyle (from Irish: Loch Feabhail, meaning "Lough of Feabhal"), is the estuary of the River Foyle in Ulster. It starts where the Foyle leaves Derry. It separates the Inishowen Peninsula in County Donegal, Republic of Ireland from County Londonderry in Northern Ireland.
The Lough Foyle Ramsar site (wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention), is 2204.36 hectares in area, at Latitude 55 05 24 N and Longitude 07 01 37 W. It was designated a Ramsar site on 2 February 1999. The site consists of a large shallow sea lough which includes the estuaries of the rivers Foyle, Faughan and Roe. It contains extensive intertidal areas of mudflats and sandflats, salt marsh and associated brackish ditches. The site qualified under Criterion 1 of the Ramsar Convention because it is a particularly good representative example of a wetland complex which plays a substantial hydrological, biological and ecological system role in the natural functioning of a major river basin located in a trans-border position. It also qualified under Ramsar criterion 2 as it supports an appreciable number of rare, vulnerable or endangered species of plant and animal. A range of notable fish species have been recorded for the Lough Foyle estuary and the lower reaches of some of its tributary rivers. These include Allis shad, Twait shad, smelt and sea lamprey, all of which are Irish Red Data Book species. Important populations of Atlantic salmon migrate through the system to and from their spawning grounds.
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Loughmacrory
Coordinates: 54°37′30″N 7°06′29″W / 54.625°N 7.108°W / 54.625; -7.108
Loughmacrory ( /lɒx.məˈkrɔəri/ lokh-mə-KROHR-ee; from Irish: Loch Mhic Ruairí, meaning "MacRuairí's lake") is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is beside 8 miles (13 km) east of Omagh, beside a small lake called Lough Macrory. It had a population of 237 in the 2001 Census. Loughmacrory has houses, shops, a church and a primary school. There is also an old mill and ancient cairns nearby.
Loughmacrory is part of the Omagh District Council area.
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Magheramason
Magheramason (from Irish: Machaire Measáin) is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The village sits near the County Londonderry/County Tyrone border, 5 miles from the city of Derry and 9 miles from the town of Strabane. In the 2001 Census, it had a population of 393 people. It lies within the Strabane District Council area.
In the 1870s, Presbyterians living in the Magheramason area began a campaign to have their own congregation. In August 1877, work began on a meeting house at Magheramason on a site granted by the Duke of Abercorn. The opening service in the new church took place on 17 November 1878, and the following year the Reverend Thomas Boyd was ordained its first minister.
Coordinates: 54°56′23″N 7°23′08″W / 54.93972°N 7.38556°W / 54.93972; -7.38556
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Mountains of Pomeroy
Coordinates: 54°35′35″N 6°59′46″W / 54.593°N 6.996°W / 54.593; -6.996
Mountains of Pomeroy are a small range of hills that run west of the town of Pomeroy in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The area around the mountain range is scenic, with a variety of moorland, forestry and rural farming. The mountain range is recalled in the ballad The Mountains of Pomeroy by Dr. George Sigerson.
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Moy, County Tyrone
Coordinates: 54°26′49″N 6°41′31″W / 54.447°N 6.692°W / 54.447; -6.692
Moy or The Moy (from Irish: an Maigh, meaning "the plain") is a village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The 2001 Census recorded a population of 1,218.
It is about 5 miles (8 kilometres) southeast of Dungannon and is beside the smaller village of Charlemont. Charlemont is on the east bank of the River Blackwater and Moy on the west; the two are joined by Charlemont Bridge. The river is also the boundary between County Tyrone and County Armagh.
Moy (mostly known by locals as "The Moy") was laid out in the 1760s for the Volunteer Earl – the patriot and aesthete James Caulfield, 1st Earl of Charlemont (1728-1799) – opposite Charlemont Fort across the Blackwater. The formal rectangular market place, with lawns and horse-chestnut trees, was inspired by the square at Bosco Marengo in Lombardy, admired by the young earl during his grand tour of Europe. The houses lining the village square are mostly mid-18th century, though all four churches (Roman Catholic, Church of Ireland, Presbyterian and Methodist) are later. Moy used to hold a great horse fair, held once a month and lasting a whole week.
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Moygashel
Coordinates: 54°29′04″N 6°45′11″W / 54.48452°N 6.75296°W / 54.48452; -6.75296
Moygashel (from Irish: Maigh gCaisil, meaning "plain of the stone fort") is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is near the southern edge of Dungannon. Although the village's name is pronounced /mɔɪˈɡæʃəl/, the trademark of the Irish linen named after it is pronounced /ˈmɔɪɡəʃəl/ (with the stress on the first syllable).
Moygashel is a mill town and mills have been in operation there since 1795. A a group of Huguenot (ancestors of the Webb family, the present owners of Moygashel Weavers) settlers established an Irish linen weaving company there, weaving some of the finest linens in the world.
The Linen Green is built on the site of a former linen mill. It was established in 1993 by Moygashel Community Development Association as the first factory outlet village in Ireland. The Moygashel Linen Visitors' Centre is also based there. The complex offers clothing, food, giftware and a physiotherapist.
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Munster
Munster (Irish: an Mhumhain / Cúige Mumhan, pronounced [ənˈvuːnʲ]) is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the south of Ireland. In Ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" Irish: rí ruirech. Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial purposes. In later centuries, local government legislation has seen further sub-division of the historic counties. In modern times, clusters of counties have been attributed to certain provinces but these clusters have no legal status. The province itself, while enjoying common usage and forming a strong part of local identity, has no official function for local government purposes. Apart from County Clare, much of the area lies in the South constituency for elections to the European Parliament. Geographically, Munster covers a total area of 24,675 km2 (9,527 sq mi) and the most populated city is Cork.
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Newmills
Newmills is a small village in east County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, three miles from Dungannon and two miles from Coalisland. Newmills gets its name from a corn mill and kilns that formerly stood in the area. Local amenities include a primary school, a local shop and a number of churches. It currently has a population of approximately 400 people. The River Torrent flows through the village.
The most prominent feature of the village is the war memorial in the centre of the village. The village pub, the VC Inn, is named after Robert Morrow's Victoria Cross. Newmills also has a primary school consisting of approximately 60 students and 3 teachers. It also has 2 churches, Wright's Tyre Garage, a children's playgroup, with three staff and 24 children and a football pitch.
Coordinates: 54°33′N 6°44′W / 54.55°N 6.733°W / 54.55; -6.733
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Newry
Coordinates: 54°10′34″N 6°20′56″W / 54.176°N 6.349°W / 54.176; -6.349
Newry (IPA: [ˈnjʊərɪ], from Irish: An Iúraigh) is a city in Northern Ireland. The River Clanrye, which runs through the city, forms the historic border between County Armagh and County Down. It is 34 miles (55 km) from Belfast and 67 miles (108 km) from Dublin. Newry (together with Bessbrook) had a population of 27,433 at the 2001 Census, while Newry and Mourne Council Area had a population of 87,058. Newry was founded in 1144 alongside a Cistercian monastery and is one of Northern Ireland's oldest towns.
The city of Newry is one of the constituent cities of the Dublin-Belfast corridor and sits at the entry to the "Gap of the North", close to the border with the Republic of Ireland. It grew as a market town and a garrison and became a port in 1742 when it was linked to Lough Neagh by the first summit-level canal in Britain or Ireland. In March 2002, as part of Queen Elizabeth's Golden Jubilee celebrations, Newry was granted city status alongside Lisburn. Despite being the fourth largest city in Northern Ireland, however, it is not the fourth largest settlement. Newry has long been an important centre of trade because of its position between Belfast and Dublin.
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Newtownstewart
Newtownstewart is a village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is overlooked by hills called Bessy Bell and Mary Gray and is at the confluence of the rivers Strule and Owenkillew. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 1,479 people. It lies within the Strabane District Council area.
Prince Albert (later, King George VI) and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon were married on 26 April 1923 in Westminster Abbey. The newlyweds' first visit as the Duke and Duchess of York was to Newtownstewart.
Theobald Wolfe Tone, was imprisioned in the towns Police station (situ at num 5 Townhall St) for one night after his capture on 12 October 1798, en route to his execuation in Dublin on 19 November 1798.
Newtownstewart is classified as a village by the NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) (ie with population between 1,000 and 2,250. On Census day (29 April 2001) there were 1,479 people living in Newtownstewart. Of these:
For more details see: NI Neighbourhood Information Service
Construction of the standard gauge Londonderry and Enniskillen Railway (L&ER) began in 1845 and reached Strabane in 1847. By 1852 it had extended to Newtownstewart and Omagh and its terminus in Enniskillen was reached in 1854. The company was absorbed into the Great Northern Railway (Ireland) in 1883.Newtownstewart railway station opened on 9 May 1852 and finally closed on 15 February 1965.
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North Tipperary
North Tipperary (Irish: Tiobraid Árann Thuaidh) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Mid-West Region and is also located in the province of Munster. It is named after the town of Tipperary and consists of 48% of the land area of the traditional county of Tipperary. The county was established in 1898 and has had a county council ever since, with separate assize courts since 1838. North Tipperary County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 70,219 according to the census of 2011.
The region is part of the central plain of Ireland, but the diversified terrain contains several mountain ranges: the Arra Hills, the Silvermine and the Devil's Bit. The county is landlocked. The southern part of county is drained by the River Suir; the northern part is drained by tributaries of the River Shannon which widens into Lough Derg. The centre is known as 'the Golden Vale', a rich pastoral stretch of land in the Suir basin which extends into counties Limerick and Cork.
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Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann pronounced [ˈt̪ˠuəʃcəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ( listen), Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann or Norlin Airlan) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west. As of 2001, its population was 1,685,000, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the population of the United Kingdom. Since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, Northern Ireland is largely self-governing. According to the agreement, Northern Ireland co-operates with the rest of Ireland – from which it was partitioned in 1921 — on some policy areas, while other areas are reserved for the Government of the United Kingdom, though the Republic of Ireland "may put forward views and proposals".
Northern Ireland was for many years the site of a violent and bitter inter-communal conflict — the Troubles — which was caused by divisions between nationalists, who are predominantly Roman Catholic, and unionists, who are predominantly Protestant. Unionists want Northern Ireland to remain as a part of the United Kingdom, and generally see themselves as British, while nationalists wish for it to be politically reunited with the rest of Ireland, independent of British rule, and generally see themselves as Irish. Additionally, people from both sides of the community may describe themselves as Northern Irish. Since 1998, most of the paramilitary groups involved in the Troubles have ceased their armed campaigns.
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Omagh
Coordinates: 54°35′N 7°17′W / 54.59°N 7.29°W / 54.59; -7.29
Omagh (/ˈoʊmə/ or /ˈoʊmɑː/; Irish pronunciation: [ˈomæ][citation needed] – from Irish: an Ómaigh, meaning "the virgin plain" [ənˠ ˈoːmˠəi]) is the county town of County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is situated where the rivers Drumragh and Camowen meet to form the Strule. The town, which is the largest in the county, had a population of 19,910 at the 2001 Census. Omagh also contains the headquarters of Omagh District Council and the Western Education and Library Board. The town is twinned with East Kilbride (Scotland) and L'Haÿ-les-Roses (France).
The name Omagh is an anglicisation of the Irish name an Óghmaigh (modern Irish an Ómaigh), meaning "the virgin plain". A Franciscan friary was built on the site of the town in about 792 AD. Omagh was founded as a town in 1610. It served as a refuge for fugitives from the east of Tyrone during the 1641 Rebellion. In 1689, the same year as the Battle of the Boyne, James II arrived at Omagh, en route to Derry. Supporters of William III, Prince of Orange, burned the town.
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Plumbridge
Coordinates: 54°46′05″N 7°15′04″W / 54.768°N 7.251°W / 54.768; -7.251
Plumbridge is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is a crossroads village, standing on the banks of the Glenelly River. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 267 people. It lies within the Strabane District Council area.
Most of the village is on the northern bank of the Glenelly River, within the townland of Glencoppogagh. However, some of it lies on the southern bank, within the townland of Lisnacreaght.
The Roman Catholic church is Sacred Heart Church, a Grade B2 listed building, and the Presbyterian church is Glenelly Presbyterian Church, Plumbridge. The village's local Church of Ireland church is St Patrick's, Upper Badoney, a few miles up the Glenelly valley. The site of Upper Badoney is associated with Christianity since the days of St Patrick.[citation needed]
The local Gaelic Athletic Association club, Glenelly St. Joseph's, was established in 1981. There are ladies teams and men's teams. It is commonly referred to as Glenelly.
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Rock, County Tyrone
Coordinates: 54°35′31″N 6°50′06″W / 54.592°N 6.835°W / 54.592; -6.835
Rock is a small village in east County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The village derives its name from a stone quarry on the site, which operated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A Mass Rock exists in Tullyodonnel, half a mile from the village.
The Rock's features include a disused water pump which, although it never delivered quality water to the villagers, has been refurbished and now decorates the centre of the village. The Rock boasts Mc Lernon's pub, shop and general merchants yard. McFarland's shop is now closed with the site being given over for planned housing.
1975
For more information, see The Troubles in Rock, County Tyrone which includes a list of incidents in Rock during the Troubles resulting in two or more fatalities.
Rock St. Patrick's Gaelic Athletic Association club had victories in the Gaelic football community in the early part of the decade. And even appeared in Division 1 for a year after winning the intermediate league. For a club the size of the Rock this feat was historic. The Club recently enjoyed its greatest period of success with various youth victories in the lower leagues and championships. In the 2007/2008 season Rock Lifted the Tyrone Junior Championship Title, This was followed by the Ulster junior Title and a narrow defeat in the All Ireland Final. This unprecedented success surely spells great things for the Rock Club in the coming years.
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Rousky
Rousky (from Irish: Rúscaigh) is a small village and townland in the Sperrins of County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 81. Rousky is on the main road between Gortin (to the west) and Greencastle (to the east). It lies within the parish of Bodoney Lower, the barony of Strabane Upper and the Omagh District Council area.
Coordinates: 54°43′N 7°09′W / 54.717°N 7.15°W / 54.717; -7.15
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Sandholes
Coordinates: 54°35′38″N 6°46′48″W / 54.594°N 6.780°W / 54.594; -6.780
Sandholes is a small, rural hamlet which is located at a crossroads approximately four kilometres south of Cookstown in County Tyrone. The village is small and compact with a locally significant range of services, community facilities and industry. Existing dwellings are located within the core of the village and in estates on the periphery.
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Sawel Mountain
Sawel Mountain, historically Slieve Sawel (from Irish: Samhail Phite Mheabh meaning "likeness to Meabh's vulva"), is a mountain in County Londonderry and County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the highest peak in the Sperrin Mountains, and the seventh highest in Northern Ireland. To the north of Sawel is County Londonderry, and to the south, County Tyrone. The summit is 678 metres (2,224 ft) and is composed of crystalline limestone. Around the peak, there is "montane heathland", with plant life including heather, bilberries and cowberries, although this is being damaged by hillwalking and grazing. Sawel is the source of the River Faughan, a 29 miles (47 km) long tributary of the River Foyle. The Irish name of the mountain, Samhail Phite Mheabh, is a reference to a glen or hollow on the side of Sawel.
Coordinates: 54°49′N 7°02′W / 54.817°N 7.033°W / 54.817; -7.033
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Seskinore
Coordinates: 54°31′03″N 7°15′15″W / 54.51754°N 7.25407°W / 54.51754; -7.25407
Seskinore or Seskanore (from Irish: Seisceann Odhar, meaning "brownish marsh/bog") is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast of Fintona and 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) southeast of Omagh. The village had a population of 162 in the 2001 Census.
The name Seskinore is derived from the Irish Seisceann Odhar, which means "brownish marsh/bog", and the area to the north on the way to Omagh is characterised by lowland raised bog. Pike's Province of Ulster (1909) described the area thus: "The country is undulating with bogs in parts which make hunting difficult".
Seskinore Forest, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the village, is a mixed broadleaf and coniferous woodland which dates from at least 1833.
Little is known about the origins of the village but there is proof that it existed in the early part of the 17th century when at least two of its inhabitants were listed as paying Hearth Tax.
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Shanmaghery
Coordinates: 54°33′50″N 6°53′31″W / 54.564°N 6.892°W / 54.564; -6.892
Shanmaghery or Shanmaghry (from Irish: Sean-mhachaire, meaning "old plain") is a small hamlet and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, situated six miles from Pomeroy and three miles from Galbally. Shanmaghery still remains partially an isolated area spanning one small road and several country lanes that straddle hilly countryside with excellent views of Tyrone and beyond.
The main road from Pomeroy to Dungannon which passes Shanmaghery has a classic view of Shanmaghery on a hillside. On a clear night the lights from far as Belfast can be seen. Other spectacled would be the mountains of Pomeroy, Lough Neagh, and the Sperrin Mountains, where six counties can be seen on a clear day.
The area consists of farming land as it may have through the centuries, mainly cattle farming. Most of the people living in the area have ancestral links going back many generations. Through the last twenty five years many changes have taken place such as the building of new homes the abandoning of old dwellings and modern farming techniques. These have changed in some forms the character of the area but culturally very little has changed. Long since dies former inhabitants are fondly remembered such as Peter McGaheys whose families lived in and around Shanmaghery probably for many generations. The crossroads below his homestead is called McGaheys Crossroads. Further up on Shanmaghery hill is another well known area called Paul’s planting. Paul's Planting was harvested by local quarry men as it was disrupting their plans for rock removal with the assistance of Charlie Donnelly. When questioned by conservationists they claimed the site was of no historical significance.
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Sion Mills
Coordinates: 54°47′07″N 7°28′27″W / 54.78535°N 7.47427°W / 54.78535; -7.47427
Sion Mills is a village to the south of Strabane in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, on the River Mourne. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 2,050 people. It is a tree-lined industrial village and designated conservation area, particularly rich in architectural heritage.
The name Sion comes from the townland of Seein, which lies to the south of the village. It is an anglicization of an Irish placename: either Suidhe Fhinn (meaning "seat of Finn") or Sidheán (also spelt Síodhán and Sián, meaning "fairy mound"). The second part of the name is the English "mill".
Sion Mills was laid out as a model linen village by the Herdman brothers, James, John and George. In 1835 they converted an old flour mill on the River Mourne into a flax spinning mill, and erected a bigger mill behind it in the 1850s. However, nearly everything in Sion Mills today was designed later, in the 1880s and 1890s, by James Herdman's son-in-law, the English architect W. F. Unsworth. Sion House, a half timbered Elizabethan style mansion originally built in the early 1840s, was largely remodeled and expanded in the 1880s by Unsworth, around the same time as he was designing the first Shakespeare Memorial Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon (this theatre was destroyed by a fire in 1926). More modest half timbered buildings include the gatehouse, the Recreation Hall and Old St. Saviour's Church. Unsworth based his design for the polychrome Anglican church, the Church of the Good Shepherd (1909), on a church in Pistoia in Tuscany. This church is built in an Italian neo-Romanesque style. By contrast, the modern Church of St Teresa (1963, by Patrick Haughey), the Catholic place of worship, is admirable for its severely plain lines - a long rectangle with a striking representation of the Last Supper on the slate facade. Oisín Kelly was the artist.
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Sixmilecross
Sixmilecross is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. Its toponym is said[by whom?] to be derived from a Celtic cross that stood in a field at the top of the village and also from its distance of six Irish miles from Omagh. The original Irish name for Sixmilecross is 'Na Corracha Mora' meaning the round hills. Sixmilecross is one of the few villages in County Tyrone that lost all connect with its Irish root name. The village has a wide, tree lined main street and a population of 282 in the 2001 Census. Sixmilecross is in the Omagh District Council area about 9 miles (14 kilometres) south-east of Omagh town.
On Census Day 29 April 2001 the resident population of Sixmilecross; Of this population:
The Portadown, Dungannon and Omagh Junction Railway opened Sixmilecross railway station on 2 September 1861. The Ulster Transport Authority closed the station and the PD&O line on 15 February 1965.
Coordinates: 54°33′25″N 7°07′05″W / 54.557°N 7.118°W / 54.557; -7.118
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South Dublin
South Dublin (Irish: Áth Cliath Theas) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Dublin Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the city of Dublin. South Dublin County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 246,935 according to the 2006 census.
The county seat is Tallaght. Other important centres of population are Lucan and Clondalkin. Much of the county is heavily urbanised but small rural settlements exist in the western parts of the county. South Dublin has a population of 246,935 according to the 2006 census. The heraldic crest for South Dublin reads "This We Hold In Trust" in both English and Irish, while incorporating elements relating to the history, geography and present day infrastructure of the area.
South Dublin has an area of 222.74 square kilometres. It is bounded by Dublin city (15 km to the north east), the Dublin mountains and County Wicklow to the south, the River Liffey to the north separating it from Fingal, and County Kildare to the west
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South Tipperary
South Tipperary (Irish: Tiobraid Árann Theas) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the South-East Region and is also located in the province of Munster. It is named after the town of Tipperary and consists of 52% of the land area of the traditional county of Tipperary. The county was established in 1898 and has had a county council ever since, with separate assize courts since 1838. South Tipperary County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 88,433 according to the 2011 census.
The administrative county of Tipperary (South Riding) was established in 1898 and continued in existence until 2002. The area also had a separate existence as a judicial county following the establishment of assize courts in 1838.
The region is part of the central plain of Ireland, but the diversified terrain contains several mountain ranges: the Knockmealdown, the Galtee. No part of the county touches the coast. The county is drained by the River Suir. The centre is known as 'the Golden Vale', a rich pastoral stretch of land in the Suir basin which extends into counties Limerick and Cork.
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Spamount
Coordinates: 54°42′40″N 7°33′00″W / 54.711°N 7.550°W / 54.711; -7.550
Spamount is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, near Castlederg. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 309 people. It is in the Strabane District Council area and has a small community hall and its own sports ground.
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Sperrins
Coordinates: 54°48′00″N 7°04′59″W / 54.800°N 7.083°W / 54.800; -7.083 The Sperrins or Sperrin Mountains (from Irish: Speirín meaning "little pinnacle") are a range of mountains in Northern Ireland and one of the largest upland areas in Ireland. The range stretches the counties of Tyrone and Londonderry from south of Strabane eastwards to Maghera and north towards Limavady. The region has a population of some 150,000 and is a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
It has a distinctive glaciated landscape. The Glenshane Pass, part of the A6 Belfast to Derry road, is in the mountains and has notoriously bad weather in winter. Sawel Mountain is the highest peak in the Sperrins, and the seventh highest in Northern Ireland. Its summit rises to 678 m (2224 ft). Another of the Sperrins, Carntogher (464m), towers over the Glenshane Pass.
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Strabane
Coordinates: 54°50′N 7°28′W / 54.83°N 7.47°W / 54.83; -7.47
Strabane ( /strəˈbæn/ strə-BAN; from Irish: An Srath Bán, meaning "the white strath"), historically spelt Straban, is a town in west County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It contains the headquarters of Strabane District Council.
Strabane has a population of around 20,000 and is the second-largest town in Tyrone, after Omagh. It lies on the east bank of the River Foyle and is roughly equidistant from Omagh, Derry and Letterkenny. The Foyle marks the border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. On the other side of the river (across Lifford Bridge) is the smaller town of Lifford, which is the county town of County Donegal. The River Mourne flows through the centre of the town, and meets the River Finn to form the Foyle. Strabane suffered huge economic damage in 1987 when much of the centre of the town was flooded.
Strabane is twinned with Zeulenroda in the state of Thuringia, Germany.
Strabane once had the dubious distinction of the highest unemployment rate in the Industrial World, during the height of The Troubles. It is one of the most economically deprived towns in the United Kingdom.
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Tamnamore
Coordinates: 54°29′35″N 6°38′46″W / 54.493°N 6.646°W / 54.493; -6.646
Tamnamore (from Irish: Tamhnach Mhór meaning "big green field") is a small settlement in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, beside the M1 motorway. It lies within the civil parish of Killyman, the barony of Dungannon Middle, and is situated in Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council.
Tamnamore Roundabout connects the M1 with the roads to Coalisland, Derrylaughan and The Moy..
Henderson Spar, Tamnamore
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Tattyreagh
Coordinates: 54°29′N 7°19′W / 54.49°N 7.31°W / 54.49; -7.31
Tattyreagh (from the Irish: an Táite Riabhach) is a small townland near Seskinore in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies within the civil parish of Aghalurcher, the barony of Magherastephana, and is situated within Omagh District Council.
Over the past 5 years, rapid growth has emerged in this small rural community with new private housing. It consists of mainly residential houses and farms, one RC school- Sacred Heart PS, Tattyreagh St. Patrick's Gaelic Athletic Association club,Darcy Park, and a public house. Cutting through the area is one main road leading from Omagh to Fintona.
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Trillick
Coordinates: 54°27′43″N 7°29′10″W / 54.462°N 7.486°W / 54.462; -7.486
Trillick (from Irish: Trí Liag, meaning "three pillar stones") is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It had a population of 303 people in the 2001 Census. Trillick lies within the civil parish of Cleenish and the barony of Clanawley.
Trillick Trí Leac (in Irish) “three stones”, is another term for a chambered tomb. The village is named from a ruined example beside Trillick Castle. The name is referred to in early records as Trelic and Trelic Mor, (and Mor or great/grand we always were), taking that name from the three pillars or standing stones located at what was the original Trelic and now generally referred to as the Old Castle. Even today, after 4,000 years of weather and land development, the stone circle, the three pillar stones and a stone doorway facing the rising sun, can be seen. It is believed to be a settlement of the Beaker people, who came from Holland to Britain and then to Ulster around 2,000 B.C. They were skilled in making decorative gold, copper ad metal objects and the gold lunula preserved in the National Museum in Dublin is proof of their presence and activities here.
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Tullyhogue
Coordinates: 54°36′22″N 6°43′26″W / 54.606°N 6.724°W / 54.606; -6.724
Tullyhogue, also called Tullaghoge or Tullahoge (from Irish: Tulach Óc meaning "hill of youth"), is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is within the civil parish of Desertcreat and is about three kilometres south of Cookstown.
Nearby Tullyhogue Fort was the crowning place of the kings of Ulster until the Flight of the Earls in 1607.
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Tullyhogue Fort
Tullyhogue Fort, also spelt Tullaghoge or Tullahoge (from Middle Irish Tulach Óc meaning "hill of youth" or "mound of the young warriors"), is large mound on the outskirts of Tullyhogue village near Cookstown, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It has a depressed centre and is surrounded by trees. It is an ancient ceremonial site where chieftains of the O'Neill dynasty of Tyrone were inaugurated.
It is a State Care Historic Monument sited in the townland of Ballymully Glebe, in the Cookstown District Council area, at grid reference: H8250 7430. The inauguration site is a Scheduled Historic Monument at grid ref: H8251 7428.
The date of the construction of Tullyhogue fort is not known, however it is believed to have held great significance from early times, possessing a form of ritual importance long before the O'Neills became associated with the site.
Tullyhogue rath was originally associated with the Uí Tuirtre of Airgialla, and then the O'Hagans between the 11th and 17th centuries. The O'Hagans would dwell at the site and become its hereditary guardians, with their burial place at Donaghrisk situated at the bottom of the hill. In the later medieval period it would become the inauguration site of the O'Neill dynasty, where the title "the O'Neill", was bestowed upon the new lord. The inauguration was carried out by the head's of the O'Cahan and O'Hagan. O'Cahan, the O'Neill's principal sub-chief, threw a golden sandal over the new lords head to signify good luck. O'Hagan, being the hereditary guardians of Tullyhogue, would place the shoe on O'Neills foot and present them with a rod of office.
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Tullywiggan
Coordinates: 54°37′12″N 6°44′13″W / 54.620°N 6.737°W / 54.620; -6.737
Tullywiggan (possibly from Irish: Tulach an Bhogain meaning "hillock of the quagmire") is a small village outside Cookstown, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies within the civil parish of Derryloran, the barony of Dungannon Upper, and is situated within Cookstown District Council.
Excavations have shown signs of a New Stone Age and early Bronze Age settlement.
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Ulster
Ulster (Irish: Ulaidh or Cúige Uladh, Ulster Scots: Ulstèr or Ulster) is one of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the north of the island. In ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" Irish: rí ruirech. In modern times, clusters of counties have been attributed to certain provinces but these clusters have no legal status. The province itself, while enjoying common usage and forming a strong part of local identity, has no official function for local government purposes.
Ulster is composed of nine counties. Six of these (almost 57% of the land area) make up Northern Ireland: Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry and Tyrone. The three remaining counties (about 43% of the land area) are in the Republic of Ireland: Cavan, Donegal and Monaghan.
The name Ulster derives from the Irish Cúige Uladh (IPA: [ˈkuːɟ ˈʌlˠu, ˈʌlˠi]) meaning "The fifth of Uladh", a reference to the five regions into which ancient Ireland was divided. In the English language, the first part of the name ("Ul")refers to the Ulaidh tribes inhabiting this northernmost region. The latter part of the name ("ster") derives either from the Irish tír or the Old Norse staðr, both of which translate as "land" or "territory".
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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Washing Bay
Coordinates: 54°32′06″N 6°36′32″W / 54.535°N 6.609°W / 54.535; -6.609
The Washing Bay is a small a bay on the South-west corner of Lough Neagh, Co. Tyrone Northern Ireland. It touches the townlands of Aughamullan (from Irish: Achadh Uí Mhaoláin meaning "O'Mullan's field"), which is in the civil parish of Clonoe, the barony of Dungannon Middle, and Dungannon Borough Council.
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Aaron Hughes
Aaron William Hughes (born 8 November 1979) is a Northern Irish footballer who plays as a defender for Fulham. Hughes is able to play centre back, right back or left back, as well as anywhere in midfield. He is usually deployed in a centre half position for his club and country, and was the Northern Ireland captain until his initial retirement in 2011. Hughes is renowned for his disciplined defending, as he holds a record of making over 400 Premier League appearances without getting sent off, which is the third most in the history of the league.
Born in Cookstown, County Tyrone, Hughes came through the Newcastle United ranks to become a regular in the Newcastle starting eleven. He made his first team début in the Camp Nou in a match between Newcastle and Barcelona on 26 November 1997. His league début came against Sheffield Wednesday later in the same season. His first team appearances after this were few and far between, yet he had established himself in the team by the 1999–2000 season. During his time on Tyneside, Hughes appeared 279 times for the Magpies in all competitions and scored seven goals. He held the record as the Magpies' youngest debutant in European competition until it was broken by Andy Carroll in November 2006.
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Benedict Kiely
Benedict "Ben" Kiely (15 August 1919 – 9 February 2007) was an Irish author and broadcaster from Omagh, County Tyrone, Ireland.
Benedict Kiely was born in Dromore, County Tyrone to Thomas John and Sara Alice (née Gormley) Kiely. He was the youngest of six children, the others were Rita, Gerald, Eileen, Kathleen and Macartan; four of these predeceased him. His sister Kathleen (mother of Omagh country singer Brian Coll) survived him and at the age of 94 attended his funeral in Dublin but died herself six months later.[citation needed]
Kiely's father, Tom, a native of Moville, County Donegal, was a Boer War veteran. When he was only eighteen, he joined the Leinster Regiment. Over the next five or so years, he travelled over Ireland and abroad, including the Caribbean, and finally, to South Africa. He was decorated for heroism, for his actions in the Boer War (during which time he had met with General Christiaan De Wet). Sometime after having returned to Ireland, Tom took up employment with the Ordnance Survey as a survey measurer (or "chain man"--so called because a chain was used to do the measuring).
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Brian Dooher
Brian Dooher is an Irish Gaelic footballer from County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. Dooher was a member for Tyrone GAA between 1995 and 2011.
He has won three All-Ireland Senior Football Championship medals, five Ulster Senior Football Championship and two National League titles with the county. He has also won three All Star Awards, and six Ulster All-Stars - the joint leader with Kieran McGeeney and Stephen McDonnell.
Dooher plays his club football for Clann na nGael.
Dooher is renowned for his hardworking playing style, often doing the gritty, unfashionable work, like picking up the ball in defence, to feed the forward players. He is also an accurate point scorer. Although he usually starts in the half-forward line, his roaming nature means he is rarely ever stationed there for very long. His contributions to the game do not go unnoticed by his team-mates, as Sean Cavanagh remarked in 2003 how "I wouldn't be able to [play to my strengths] without Brian's workrate." In the same article, the Irish Examiner said, "it would be no exaggeration to call him the hardest working footballer in Ireland."
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Brian Friel
Brian Friel (born 9 January 1929) is an Irish dramatist, author and director of the Field Day Theatre Company. He is considered to be the greatest living English-language dramatist, hailed by the English-speaking world as an "Irish Chekhov" and "the universally accented voice of Ireland". Friel is best known for plays such as Philadelphia, Here I Come! and Dancing at Lughnasa but has written more than thirty plays in a six-decade spanning career that has seen him elected Saoi of Aosdána. His plays have been a regular feature on Broadway throughout this time.
Philadelphia, Here I Come! was turned into a film in 1975, starring Donal McCann, directed by John Quested, screenplay by Brian Friel. In 1980 Friel co-founded Field Day Theatre Company and his play Translations was the company's first production.Neil Jordan completed a screenplay for a film version of Translations that was never produced. With Field Day Friel has collaborated with Seamus Heaney, 1995 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature. Heaney and Friel have been friends from a young age.
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Conall Gulban
Conall Gulban (died c. 464) was an Irish king who founded the kingdom of Tír Conaill in the 5th century, comprising much of what is now County Donegal. He was the son of Niall Noígiallach.
His byname Gulban derives from Benn Gulban (the mountain of Benbulban) in Co.Sligo, from which center the sons of Niall set out upon their conquest of the north. King Conall Gulban was murdered by the Masraige at Magh Slécht (Co.Cavan) in 464. He was buried by Saint Caillin at Fenagh, Co.Leitrim. He is important in the history of Irish Christianity as he was the first nobleman baptised by St.Patrick, thus opening the way for the conversion of the ruling classes of Ireland.
He was apparently very close to his brother Eógan mac Néill who died of grief over his brother's death the next year.
His sons included Fergus Cendfota, Dauí (founder of the Cenél nDuach) and Énna Bogaine (founder of the Cenél mBogaine)
His descendants were known as the Cenél Conaill.
The Peninsula of Inishowen in Donegal was fought for by the Dochartaigh clan (known modernly as Doherty, Daugherty, Docherty, Dougherty, etc.) who were then given the title of Princes of Donegal. This family also descends from Conall (see Clann Ua Dochartaig).
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Darren Clarke
Darren Christopher Clarke, OBE (born 14 August 1968) is a professional golfer from Northern Ireland who currently plays on the European Tour and has previously played on the PGA Tour. He has won 22 tournaments worldwide on a number of golf's main tours including the European Tour, the PGA Tour, the Sunshine Tour and the Japan Golf Tour. His most notable win came at Royal St George's where he won the 2011 Open Championship, his first major win after more than 20 years and 54 attempts. Clarke has also won two World Golf Championship events, most notably the 2000 WGC-Andersen Consulting Match Play Championship where he squared off with, and defeated, Tiger Woods. These victories came when Clarke enjoyed his most prominent spell as a golfer – he was ranked in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Rankings for 43 weeks between 2000 and 2002. His highest finish on the European Tour money list is second, which he achieved in 1998, 2000 and 2003. Clarke is currently ranked as the sixth highest career money winner on the European Tour.
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Dennis Taylor
Dennis Taylor (born Denis Taylor, 19 January 1949 in Coalisland, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland) is a retired snooker player, and current BBC snooker commentator. Winner of two ranking events, he is best known for winning the 1985 World Championship, beating World number one Steve Davis on the final black in one of the sport's most memorable finals. He also won the Grand Prix in 1984 and the Masters in 1987. Taylor is also well known for his sense of humour and his trademark oversized spectacles.
Taylor turned professional in 1972 and made his world championship debut in 1973, narrowly losing to Cliff Thorburn in the first round. After world semi-final losses in 1975 and 1977, Taylor reached his first major final – the World Championship – in 1979, but lost 24–16 to debutant Terry Griffiths.
Having reached the semi final of the World Championships in 1984, losing to Steve Davis, Taylor was playing very well as he began the 1984–85 season. In September, however, he was devastated by the sudden death of his mother, which caused him to withdraw from the Jameson International. His first ranking event win came later in 1984, when he won the Rothmans Grand Prix by beating Cliff Thorburn 10–2 in the final.
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Eógan mac Néill
Eoghan mac Néill (old orthography: Eóġan mac Néill) (died 465) son of Niall Noígiallach, was an Irish king who founded the kingdom of Ailech, later Tír Eoghain (modern County Tyrone) in the 5th century. He was also the ancestor of the Cenél nEoghain dynasty and their septs (MacLaughlin, O'Neill, Corrigan, etc.).
Eogan was a close friend of Saint Patrick and received Patricks blessing. With his brother the high king Lóegaire mac Néill (d.462), he was one of the judges in a dispute over the succession to Amalgaid (d.440), king of Connacht among his sons competing to rule their territory of Tir Amalgaidh in northwest Connacht.
Eoghan, King of Tír Eoghain, and Prince of Inis Eoghain is buried at St. Patrick's Church in Iskaheen, Innishowen, Donegal. A plaque there states "Eoghan Prince of Iniseoghain, Son of Niall of the Nine Hostages. Died 465 of grief for his brother Conall. Baptised by Patrick and buried in Uisce Chaoin"
His sons included Muiredach mac Eógain, his successor in Ailech; Fergus, founder of the Cenél Fergusa; and Echach Binnich, founder of the Cenél mBinnig.
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Flann O'Brien
Brian O'Nolan (Irish: Brian Ó Nualláin) (5 October 1911 – 1 April 1966) was an Irish novelist, playwright and satirist regarded as a key figure in postmodern literature. Born in Strabane, County Tyrone, he is best known for English language novels such as At Swim-Two-Birds, and The Third Policeman (written under the nom de plume Flann O'Brien) as well as many satirical columns in The Irish Times and an Irish language novel An Béal Bocht (written under the name Myles na gCopaleen).
O'Nolan wrote prodigiously during his years as a student at University College Dublin where he was an active, and controversial, member of the well known Literary and Historical Society. He contributed to the student magazine Comhthrom Féinne (Fair Play) under various guises, in particular the pseudonym Brother Barnabas. Significantly, he composed a story during this same period entitled "Scenes in a Novel (probably posthumous) by Brother Barnabas", which anticipates many of the ideas and themes later to be found in his novel, At Swim-Two-Birds. In it, the putative author of the story finds himself in riotous conflict with his characters, who are determined to follow their own paths regardless of the author's design. For example, the villain of the story, one Carruthers McDaid, intended by the author as the lowest form of scoundrel, "meant to sink slowly to absolutely the last extremities of human degradation", instead ekes out a modest living selling cats to elderly ladies and becomes a covert churchgoer without the author's consent. Meanwhile, the story's hero, Shaun Svoolish, chooses a comfortable, bourgeois life rather than romance and heroics:
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Hugo Duncan
Hugo Duncan (Hugh Anthony Duncan) is a singer and BBC broadcaster born in Strabane, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland on 26 March 1950. His nickname is "The wee man from Strabane".
He loved performing from a very young age and as a wee child was involved in set dancing, recitations, the church choir and the local pantomime. When he left school, he went to work in the local factory.
In the early 70s he was spotted on a TV talent show on RTÉ and snapped up by the then fledgling Release Records, which later spawned such stars as Philomena Begley, Ray Lynam, Eurovision star Johnny Logan and many, many, many more.
By the time he was twenty-one he had formed his own band, Hugo Duncan and the Tall Men, and had a number one hit in the Irish charts with “Dear God”
Hugo joined Radio Foyle during the 1980s doing holiday relief, after which he was offered a job presenting his own show on a weekly basis. He also presents a show on Radio Foyle, every Sunday from 14:00 to 16:00.
In October 1998 he was given the opportunity to present Hugo Duncan's Country Afternoon on Radio Ulster each weekday from 13:30 to 15:00, and The theme tune used on his BBC Radio Ulster show is Rocky Top, while he closes each programme with Yakety Sax, also known as the theme to The Benny Hill Show
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Ivan Sproule
Ivan Sproule (born 18 February 1981 in Castlederg, County Tyrone) is a Northern Irish professional footballer. Sproule, a winger who was known for his explosive pace, only turned professional, after he signed for Scottish Premier League side Hibernian in January 2005, just a month before his 24th birthday. His early career had been spent at Omagh Town and Institute, semi-professional clubs in the Irish Football League. He combined playing football with his full time career as an engineer. Sproule moved to Football League Championship club Bristol City in 2007. After four years with the club, including loan spells at Yeovil Town and Notts County in his final season, Sproule agreed to return to Hibernian in May 2011.
Scottish Premier League club Hibernian invited him for a trial in January 2005, in which he impressed manager Tony Mowbray and signed as a full-time professional until the end of the season, which meant that he had to give up his day job as a fabrication engineer. Hibs paid Institute a transfer fee of £5,000.
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Joel Mokyr
Joel Mokyr (PhD Yale, 1974) is an American economic historian. He is the Robert H. Strotz Professor of Arts and Sciences at Northwestern University.
He holds a joint appointment in economics as well as a Sackler Professorial Fellow at the Eitan Berglas School of Economics at the University of Tel Aviv. He is particularly interested in the economic history of technology and population, but considers himself a general-purpose economic historian. A former editor of the Journal of Economic History, he served as the editor in chief of the Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History, and continues to be editor in chief of a book series published by Princeton University Press, The Princeton University Press Economic History of the Western World. A former chair of the Economics Department and President of the Economic History Association, he is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a number of comparable institutions in Europe.
Books:
Mokyr is married to Margalit Mokyr and they have two daughters.
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John Dunlap
John Dunlap (1747 – November 27, 1812) was the printer of the first copies of the Declaration of Independence and one of the most successful American printers of his era.
Dunlap was born in Strabane, County Tyrone, Ireland. In 1757, when he was ten years old, he went to work as an apprentice to his uncle, William Dunlap, a printer and bookseller in Philadelphia. In 1766, William Dunlap left the business in the care of his nephew. John eventually bought the business, and at first made a living by printing sermons and probably broadsides and handbills too. In November 1771, Dunlap began the publication of the Pennsylvania Packet, or General Advertiser, a weekly newspaper. In 1773 he married Elizabeth Hayes Ellison.
During the American Revolutionary War, Dunlap became an officer in the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, and saw action with George Washington at the battles of Trenton and Princeton. He continued in the First City Troop after the war, rising to the rank of major, and leading Pennsylvania's cavalry militia to help suppress the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794.
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Mary Mallon
Mary Mallon (September 23, 1869 – November 11, 1938), also known as Typhoid Mary, was the first person in the United States identified as an asymptomatic carrier of the pathogen associated with typhoid fever. She was presumed to have infected some 53 people, three of whom died, over the course of her career as a cook. She was forcibly isolated twice by public health authorities and died after nearly three decades altogether in isolation.
Individuals can develop typhoid fever after ingesting food or water contaminated during handling by a human carrier. The human carrier may be a healthy person who has survived a previous episode of typhoid fever yet who continues to shed the associated bacteria, Salmonella typhi, in feces and urine. Washing hands with soap before touching or preparing food, washing dishes and utensils with soap and water, and only eating cooked food are all ways to reduce the risk of typhoid infection.
Mary Mallon was born in 1869 in Cookstown, County Tyrone, Ireland (now Northern Ireland) in the United Kingdom. She emigrated to the United States in 1884. From 1900 to 1907 she worked as a cook in the New York City area.
wn.com/Mary_Mallon -
Paul Brady
Paul Joseph Brady (born 19 May 1947) is an Irish singer-songwriter, whose work straddles folk and pop. He was interested in a wide variety of music from an early age. During his career he has passed through several major bands and on to a successful solo phase. Initially popular for playing traditional Irish music in a duo with Andy Irvine and later with Tommy Peoples and Matt Molloy, he later turned to a more rock inspired electric style with poignant political lyrics. Among his most popular songs are "Crazy Dreams", "Nothing but the Same Old Story", "The Island", "Night Hunting" (covered by Santana), and "Steel Claw" and "Paradise is Here"(covered by Tina Turner).
wn.com/Paul_Brady -
Peter Canavan
Peter Canavan (born 9 April 1971) is the current manager of the Fermanagh intercounty Gaelic football team. He is a former player for Tyrone, and is one of the most decorated players in the game's history, winning two All-Ireland Senior Football Championship medals, six GAA All Stars Awards (more than any other Ulster player, and joint third overall), four provincial titles, and two National Leagues and several under-age and club championship medals. He represented Ireland in the International Rules Series on several occasions from 1998 until 2000. He is considered one of the great players of the last twenty years by commentators such as John Haughey of the BBC. and in 2009, he was named in the Sunday Tribune's list of the 125 Most Influential People In GAA History.
His scoring record of 218 points is the second highest of all time in the Ulster Senior Football Championship. His early high scoring rate, when he would often be Tyrone's best performer—particularly in the 1995 All-Ireland final when he scored eleven of Tyrone's twelve points—led to claims that Tyrone was a "one-man show," and that the team was too dependent on him, particularly in his early career.
wn.com/Peter_Canavan -
Philomena Begley
Philomena Begley (born October 20, 1950) is an Irish country music singer.
Philomena Begley was born and grew up in Pomeroy Co. Tyrone and worked in a shirt factory in Cookstown before her break into music.
Her first venture as a singer was with the popular Old Cross Céilí Band, whom she sang with as a dare, but stayed with the group. The group soon became known as the Old Cross Bandshow and released three records in Ireland in 1968 and 1969, but none made an impression in the charts. In September, 1970 the band changed its name to The Country Flavour. Begley's first record following this became her first chart hit when "Here Today, Gone Tomorrow" reached Number 7 in the Irish Charts. In 1974 she formed the Ramblin' Men, while the Country Flavour continued to tour with several other lead singers (including Eileen King and Dan O'Hara) during the 1970s.
Begley regularly toured with Ray Lynam from 1975 and they recorded many duets together. Probably their most popular being "My Elusive Dreams" which would go on to be mentioned in The Pogues' song, "A Pair of Brown Eyes".
wn.com/Philomena_Begley -
Thomas Mellon
Thomas Alexander Mellon (February 3, 1813 – February 3, 1908) was a Scotch-Irish American, entrepreneur, lawyer, and judge, best known as the founder of Mellon Bank and patriarch of the Mellon family of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Mellon was born to farmers Andrew Mellon and Rebecca Wauchob on February 3, 1813, at Camp Hill Cottage, Lower Castletown, parish of Cappagh, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The original family house now forms the centrepiece of the Ulster American Folk Park Museum. His family had come into Ireland from Scotland around the middle of the seventeenth century. In 1816, his great-grandfather, Archibald Mellon, emigrated to the United States, settling in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. Andrew and his family followed two years later.
Mellon wrote in his autobiography that at the age of ten, he had been struck by "wealth and magnificence I had before no conception of" upon viewing the mansion of prominent landowners Jacob Negley and Barbara Ann Negley. At fourteen, he read the The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin and became inspired by Franklin's rags-to-riches tale. Deciding he would not be a farmer, he enrolled at the Western University of Pennsylvania, now known as the University of Pittsburgh in October 1834, graduating in 1837.
wn.com/Thomas_Mellon -
Typhoid Mary
Mary Mallon (September 23, 1869 – November 11, 1938), also known as Typhoid Mary, was the first person in the United States identified as an asymptomatic carrier of the pathogen associated with typhoid fever. She was presumed to have infected some 53 people, three of whom died, over the course of her career as a cook. She was forcibly isolated twice by public health authorities and died after nearly three decades altogether in isolation.
Individuals can develop typhoid fever after ingesting food or water contaminated during handling by a human carrier. The human carrier may be a healthy person who has survived a previous episode of typhoid fever yet who continues to shed the associated bacteria, Salmonella typhi, in feces and urine. Washing hands with soap before touching or preparing food, washing dishes and utensils with soap and water, and only eating cooked food are all ways to reduce the risk of typhoid infection.
Mary Mallon was born in 1869 in Cookstown, County Tyrone, Ireland (now Northern Ireland) in the United Kingdom. She emigrated to the United States in 1884. From 1900 to 1907 she worked as a cook in the New York City area.
wn.com/Typhoid_Mary -
Victor Sloan
Victor Sloan MBE (born Dungannon, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, 1945) is an Irish photographer and artist.
Victor Sloan studied at the Royal School, Dungannon, Co. Tyrone and Belfast and Leeds Colleges of Art, England. He lives and works in Portadown, County Armagh in Northern Ireland. Employing primarily the medium of photography, he manipulates his negatives and reworks his prints with paints, inks, toners and dyes. In addition to photography, he also uses video, and printmaking techniques.
His works are a response to political, social and religious concerns. He is perhaps best known for his works investigating the Orange Order in series such as: Drumming; The Walk, the Platform and the Field and The Birches.
Victor Sloan was awarded an MBE in 2002. He is an academician of the Royal Ulster Academy, a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, and a Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society. He won the Academy's Conor Prize in 1988 and the Gold Medal in 1995 and 2008. The Ormeau Baths Gallery, Belfast held a major exhibition of his work (Victor Sloan: Selected Works 1980-2000) in 2001. In 2008, the exhibition History, Locality, Allegiance, curated by Peter Richards at the Golden Thread Gallery, Belfast, brought together a comprehensive selection of past works, with a particular focus on his video works.
wn.com/Victor_Sloan -
William Burke
The Burke and Hare murders (nickname West Port murders) were serial murders perpetrated in Edinburgh, Scotland, from November 1827 to October 31, 1828. The killings were attributed to Irish immigrants William Burke and William Hare, who sold the corpses of their 17 victims to provide material for dissection. Their purchaser was Doctor Robert Knox, a private anatomy lecturer whose students were drawn from Edinburgh Medical College. Their accomplices included Burke's mistress, Helen McDougal, and Hare's wife, Margaret Laird. From their infamous method of killing their victims has come the word "burking", meaning to purposefully smother and compress the chest of a victim, and a derived meaning, to quietly suppress.
Before 1832, there were insufficient cadavers legitimately available for the study and teaching of anatomy in British medical schools. The University of Edinburgh was an institution universally renowned for medical sciences. As medical science began to flourish in the early nineteenth century, demand rose sharply, but at the same time, the only legal supply of cadavers—the bodies of executed criminals—had fallen due to a sharp reduction in the execution rate in the early nineteenth century, brought about by the repeal of the Bloody Code. Only about two or three corpses per year were available for a large number of students. This situation attracted criminal elements who were willing to obtain specimens by any means. The activities of body-snatchers (also called resurrectionists) gave rise to particular public fear and revulsion. It was a short step from grave-robbing to anatomy murder.
wn.com/William_Burke -
William Carleton
William Carleton (20 February 1794, Prillisk, Clogher, County Tyrone — 30 January 1869, Sandford, County Dublin) was an Irish novelist.
Carleton's father was a Roman Catholic tenant farmer, who supported fourteen children on as many acres, and young Carleton passed his early life among scenes similar to those he later described in his books. His father had an extraordinary memory and a thorough acquaintance with Irish folklore; the mother was noted throughout the district for her lovely voice. The character of Honor, the miser's wife, in Fardorougha, is said to be based on her.[citation needed]
Carleton received a basic education. As his father moved from one small farm to another, he attended various hedge schools, which used to be a notable feature of Irish life. A picture of one of these schools occurs in the sketch called "The Hedge School" included in Traits and Stories of Irish Peasantry. Most of his learning was gained from a curate, Father Keenan, who taught a classical school at Donagh (County Monaghan) which Carleton attended from 1814 to 1816. Before this Carleton had hoped to obtain an education as a poor scholar at Munster, with a view to entering the church; but in obedience to a warning dream, the story of which is told in the Poor Scholar, he returned home, where he was admired by the neighbouring peasantry for his supposed learning. An amusing account of this period is given in the sketch, "Denis O'Shaughnessy".[citation needed]
wn.com/William_Carleton
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County Tyrone, Northern Ireland
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:26
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
The Donnagheys provide an insight and tour in County Tyrone Come see the joys of Tyrone. There is a range of activities from husky dog tracking, bread making and rediscovering history at the Ulster American Folk Park.
http://wn.com/County_Tyrone,_Northern_Ireland
The Donnagheys provide an insight and tour in County Tyrone Come see the joys of Tyrone. There is a range of activities from husky dog tracking, bread making and rediscovering history at the Ulster American Folk Park.
Cookstown, County Tyrone
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:54
- Updated: 08 Nov 2012
Cookstown is situated in the heart of the Sperrins. It is famous for its longest and widest street in Northern Ireland, providing one mile of complete shopping.
http://wn.com/Cookstown,_County_Tyrone
Cookstown is situated in the heart of the Sperrins. It is famous for its longest and widest street in Northern Ireland, providing one mile of complete shopping.
- published: 20 Oct 2010
- views: 3578
- author: discoverNI
County Tyrone
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:45
- Updated: 10 Dec 2012
An original Phil McGovern song and slide show about his childhood home of County Tyrone in Northern Ireland.
http://wn.com/County_Tyrone
An original Phil McGovern song and slide show about his childhood home of County Tyrone in Northern Ireland.
- published: 03 Oct 2010
- views: 3181
- author: PhilMcGovernMusic
Philomena Begley- A village in the county tyrone
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:48
- Updated: 15 Dec 2012
Spin Records LTD. Castleblayney
http://wn.com/Philomena_Begley_A_village_in_the_county_tyrone
Irish Republican Army Easter Comm. Carrickmore, Co Tyrone 1985
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:18
- Updated: 17 Nov 2012
Video footage of the IRA on Easter Sunday 1985, Carrickmore, Co Tyrone
http://wn.com/Irish_Republican_Army_Easter_Comm_Carrickmore,_Co_Tyrone_1985
Video footage of the IRA on Easter Sunday 1985, Carrickmore, Co Tyrone
- published: 07 Oct 2011
- views: 2050
- author: FIemy
Ardboe Cross, Cookstown, County Tyrone
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:19
- Updated: 04 Jun 2012
Ardboe Cross is a national monument dating from the tenth century. It was the first High Cross built in Ulster.
http://wn.com/Ardboe_Cross,_Cookstown,_County_Tyrone
Ardboe Cross is a national monument dating from the tenth century. It was the first High Cross built in Ulster.
- published: 20 Oct 2010
- views: 1565
- author: discoverNI
County Tyrone @ 100th Anniv. of the Signing of the Ulster Covenant
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:47
- Updated: 17 Nov 2012
City Hall - Belfast to Stormont, Northern Ireland. 29th of September 2012. BANDS & TIMES LISTED BELOW: 00:28 - Dungannon Silver 02:00 - Moygashel Sons of Ulster 03:10 - Sandholes Accordion 04:10 - Derryloran Boyne Defenders 06:40 - Cookstown Sons of William 08:00 - Pomeroy True Blues 09:20 - Loughans Accordion 10:08 - Blair Memorial 11:38 - Beragh Pride of the Village 12:27 - Red Hand Defenders Newtownstewart 13:15 - Tamlaghtmore Tigers 13:48 - Omagh Protestant Boys 15:20 - Castlederg Young Loyalists 16:50 - Sgt. White Memorial 17:45 - Barron Accordion
http://wn.com/County_Tyrone_@_100th_Anniv_of_the_Signing_of_the_Ulster_Covenant
City Hall - Belfast to Stormont, Northern Ireland. 29th of September 2012. BANDS & TIMES LISTED BELOW: 00:28 - Dungannon Silver 02:00 - Moygashel Sons of Ulster 03:10 - Sandholes Accordion 04:10 - Derryloran Boyne Defenders 06:40 - Cookstown Sons of William 08:00 - Pomeroy True Blues 09:20 - Loughans Accordion 10:08 - Blair Memorial 11:38 - Beragh Pride of the Village 12:27 - Red Hand Defenders Newtownstewart 13:15 - Tamlaghtmore Tigers 13:48 - Omagh Protestant Boys 15:20 - Castlederg Young Loyalists 16:50 - Sgt. White Memorial 17:45 - Barron Accordion
- published: 02 Oct 2012
- views: 2141
- author: bandxparades
Umha Aois - An Creagán, Co Tyrone, Northern Ireland 2006
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Updated: 03 Oct 2012
Video by archaeologist Anders Söderberg, Sweden. Anders' website : web.comhem.se Umha Aois: www.umha-aois.com Anders has attended many of the Umha Aois projects over the years, providing valuable insights into the technical process from a Viking Iron Age perspective, and also into the archaeological considerations from beyond an strictly Irish perspective. This video illustrates the Early Bronze Age 'down-spout' type furnace, as well as many images of successfully cast objects, finishing with Anders' wonderful lost wax spearhead. It also includes spectacular night shots, and clear shots of pours with hand made crucibles, and the Umha Aois pit-funaces with bellows.
http://wn.com/Umha_Aois_An_Creagán,_Co_Tyrone,_Northern_Ireland_2006
Video by archaeologist Anders Söderberg, Sweden. Anders' website : web.comhem.se Umha Aois: www.umha-aois.com Anders has attended many of the Umha Aois projects over the years, providing valuable insights into the technical process from a Viking Iron Age perspective, and also into the archaeological considerations from beyond an strictly Irish perspective. This video illustrates the Early Bronze Age 'down-spout' type furnace, as well as many images of successfully cast objects, finishing with Anders' wonderful lost wax spearhead. It also includes spectacular night shots, and clear shots of pours with hand made crucibles, and the Umha Aois pit-funaces with bellows.
- published: 12 Jun 2009
- views: 3181
- author: umhaaois
Field Marshal Montgomery Pipe Band - County Tyrone Championships 2011, Dungannon
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:02
- Updated: 03 Oct 2012
MSR - Highland Wedding, Blair Drummond, Pretty Marion
http://wn.com/Field_Marshal_Montgomery_Pipe_Band_County_Tyrone_Championships_2011,_Dungannon
MSR - Highland Wedding, Blair Drummond, Pretty Marion
- published: 15 May 2011
- views: 10635
- author: MrUlsterscot
Saint Patricks Day Parade in Omagh, Co. Tyrone, Northern Ireland
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:48
- Updated: 13 Mar 2012
Saint Patricks Day Parade in Omagh, Co. Tyrone, Northern Ireland. All filmed and edited on a Nokia N95.
http://wn.com/Saint_Patricks_Day_Parade_in_Omagh,_Co_Tyrone,_Northern_Ireland
Saint Patricks Day Parade in Omagh, Co. Tyrone, Northern Ireland. All filmed and edited on a Nokia N95.
- published: 31 May 2009
- views: 3054
- author: Simon Burke
Ceol Uirlise / Instrumental Music - Edendork, Co Tyrone - Ulster Scór na nÓg Final 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:15
- Updated: 09 Jul 2012
Ceol Uirlise / Instrumental Music Winners - Edendork St Malachy's, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór na nÓg Final, held in Silverbridge GAA. (22/01/2011)
http://wn.com/Ceol_Uirlise_Instrumental_Music_Edendork,_Co_Tyrone_Ulster_Scór_na_nÓg_Final_2011
Ceol Uirlise / Instrumental Music Winners - Edendork St Malachy's, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór na nÓg Final, held in Silverbridge GAA. (22/01/2011)
- published: 09 Feb 2011
- views: 2445
- author: UlsterGAA
Aithriseoireacht / Recitation - Omagh St Endas, Co Tyrone - Ulster Scór na nÓg Final 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:51
- Updated: 28 Nov 2011
Aithriseoireacht / Recitation Winners - Omagh St Endas, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór na nÓg Final, held in Silverbridge GAA. (22/01/2011) www.ulster.gaa.ie
http://wn.com/Aithriseoireacht_Recitation_Omagh_St_Endas,_Co_Tyrone_Ulster_Scór_na_nÓg_Final_2011
Aithriseoireacht / Recitation Winners - Omagh St Endas, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór na nÓg Final, held in Silverbridge GAA. (22/01/2011) www.ulster.gaa.ie
- published: 10 Feb 2011
- views: 1492
- author: UlsterGAA
Ceol Uirlise / Instrumental Music - Dromore, Co Tyrone - Ulster Scór Sinsir Final 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Updated: 04 May 2011
Ceol Uirlise / Instrumental Music Winners - Dromore, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór Sinsir Final, held in Abbey CBS, Newry. (12/03/2011)
http://wn.com/Ceol_Uirlise_Instrumental_Music_Dromore,_Co_Tyrone_Ulster_Scór_Sinsir_Final_2011
Ceol Uirlise / Instrumental Music Winners - Dromore, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór Sinsir Final, held in Abbey CBS, Newry. (12/03/2011)
- published: 13 Apr 2011
- views: 1276
- author: UlsterGAA
Ceili Dancing / Rince Fóirne - Killyclogher, Co Tyrone - Ulster Scór Sinsir Final 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:35
- Updated: 03 May 2012
Ceili Dancing / Rince Fóirne Winners - Killyclogher, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór Sinsir Final, held in Abbey CBS, Newry. (12/03/2011)
http://wn.com/Ceili_Dancing_Rince_Fóirne_Killyclogher,_Co_Tyrone_Ulster_Scór_Sinsir_Final_2011
Ceili Dancing / Rince Fóirne Winners - Killyclogher, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór Sinsir Final, held in Abbey CBS, Newry. (12/03/2011)
- published: 13 Apr 2011
- views: 980
- author: UlsterGAA
Silage time in Galbally, Co.Tyrone 40 foot Part II
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:01
- Updated: 16 Dec 2012
This is how they put in silage in Galbally! No f**kin about!
http://wn.com/Silage_time_in_Galbally,_CoTyrone_40_foot_Part_II
This is how they put in silage in Galbally! No f**kin about!
- published: 23 Aug 2010
- views: 4793
- author: 16BHZ
UVF Kill Former IRA Commander - County Tyrone 1991
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:09
- Updated: 10 Dec 2012
http://wn.com/UVF_Kill_Former_IRA_Commander_County_Tyrone_1991
Acoustic by Candlelight County Tyrone and Village of Moy anecdotes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:20
- Updated: 04 Nov 2012
Ryan talks to the fans about his home village of Moy. Sorry the song is incomplete. I ran out of space and did not want to stop filming him as he spoke.
http://wn.com/Acoustic_by_Candlelight_County_Tyrone_and_Village_of_Moy_anecdotes
Ryan talks to the fans about his home village of Moy. Sorry the song is incomplete. I ran out of space and did not want to stop filming him as he spoke.
- published: 02 Jul 2012
- views: 2031
- author: MsDavisPhotography
Ceili Dancing / Rince Fóirne - Omagh St Endas, Co Tyrone - Ulster Scór na nÓg Final 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Updated: 31 Mar 2012
Ceili Dancing / Rince Fóirne Winners - Omagh St Endas, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór na nÓg Final, held in Silverbridge GAA. (22/01/2011)
http://wn.com/Ceili_Dancing_Rince_Fóirne_Omagh_St_Endas,_Co_Tyrone_Ulster_Scór_na_nÓg_Final_2011
Ceili Dancing / Rince Fóirne Winners - Omagh St Endas, Co Tyrone Clip taken from the 2011 Ulster Scór na nÓg Final, held in Silverbridge GAA. (22/01/2011)
- published: 09 Feb 2011
- views: 2898
- author: UlsterGAA
Strange Christmas 2011 Dancing UFO Triangle Over County Tyrone Northern Ireland
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:38
- Updated: 14 Jun 2012
Strange Christmas 2011 Dancing UFO Triangle Over County Tyrone Northern Ireland This the Chinese version of the Stealth aircraft called " 近义词： " in Chinese or "the ghost " in English.
http://wn.com/Strange_Christmas_2011_Dancing_UFO_Triangle_Over_County_Tyrone_Northern_Ireland
Strange Christmas 2011 Dancing UFO Triangle Over County Tyrone Northern Ireland This the Chinese version of the Stealth aircraft called " 近义词： " in Chinese or "the ghost " in English.
- published: 16 Dec 2011
- views: 23671
- author: Mobilecheese
Milk It Behind the Scenes - Milk Cup County Tyrone 2 - Manchester United 0
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
Ever wonder what it feels like to beat Manchester United? We were behind the scenes with County Tyrone Captain Jamie Glackin as he led his side to a historic Milk Cup win on Saturday 21st July. They beat the Premiership side 2-0 -- Manchester United's first defeat by a County team in the 30 year history of the tournament! Check out Jamie and his team milking it for all it's worth...
http://wn.com/Milk_It_Behind_the_Scenes_Milk_Cup_County_Tyrone_2_Manchester_United_0
Ever wonder what it feels like to beat Manchester United? We were behind the scenes with County Tyrone Captain Jamie Glackin as he led his side to a historic Milk Cup win on Saturday 21st July. They beat the Premiership side 2-0 -- Manchester United's first defeat by a County team in the 30 year history of the tournament! Check out Jamie and his team milking it for all it's worth...
- published: 25 Jul 2012
- views: 3064
- author: MilkItNI
Opening Of Galbally Pearses GAA Park Galbally Co Tyrone Aug 7th 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:55
- Updated: 29 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Opening_Of_Galbally_Pearses_GAA_Park_Galbally_Co_Tyrone_Aug_7th_2011
Massey 390 T cutting double chop silage in Co Tyrone.avi
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:56
- Updated: 14 Oct 2012
Massey Ferguson 390T and a Taarup 1500 double chop used for first cutting silage at Tattysallagh, Omagh, Co. Tyrone. Listen for the Perkins 90 HP as the little Massey hits the steep part of the hill. But note the lack of black smoke unlike other makes. Sorry about the unsteady footage but my 12 year old got a bit carried away.
http://wn.com/Massey_390_T_cutting_double_chop_silage_in_Co_Tyroneavi
Massey Ferguson 390T and a Taarup 1500 double chop used for first cutting silage at Tattysallagh, Omagh, Co. Tyrone. Listen for the Perkins 90 HP as the little Massey hits the steep part of the hill. But note the lack of black smoke unlike other makes. Sorry about the unsteady footage but my 12 year old got a bit carried away.
- published: 31 Dec 2010
- views: 12839
- author: massey65man
STRABANE/////BRITISH ARMY CHECKPOINT BEING DISMANTLED AT CLADY CO TYRONE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:41
- Updated: 06 Sep 2012
http://wn.com/STRABANE_BRITISH_ARMY_CHECKPOINT_BEING_DISMANTLED_AT_CLADY_CO_TYRONE
photo: AP / Nick Ut
14 Dec 2012
Former President Bill Clinton, President Barack Obama, First Lady Michelle Obama, and Yahoo CEO Marissa Mayer, meet 55-year-old Martha Sellers. For the past nine years, Sellers has worked as a Walmart cashier in Paramount, California ... More than 10,000 community members joined more than 30 striking employees who walked off the job to demand better working conditions. . "It was wonderful ... That's not too much to ask for." ... 1698 ... ....(size: 23.6Kb)
photo: AP / Newtown Bee, Shannon Hicks
15 Dec 2012
The massacre of 26 children and adults at an elementary school in the US state of Connecticut elicited horror and soul-searching around the world even as it raised more basic questions about why the gunman, a 20-year-old described as brilliant but remote, would have been driven to such a crime and how he chose his victims ... He paused for several seconds to keep his composure as he teared up and wiped an eye ... ... "I'm numb ... Yes, yeah....(size: 8.8Kb)
photo: AP / Khalil Hamra
16 Dec 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. "Fundamentalism is good for protest, good for revolution, and good for war, but not so good for development.". After a century of being persecuted and driven underground, mainly for their vibrant nationalism and their anti-imperialist and pro-Palestinian views, Egypt's Islamist Muslim Brotherhood has finally taken center-state ... Such actions will have to be avoided....(size: 6.9Kb)
photo: AP / Jason DeCrow
16 Dec 2012
NEWTOWN, Conn. — The gunman in the Connecticut shooting rampage committed suicide as first responders closed in, the governor said Sunday, raising the specter that Adam Lanza had planned an even more gruesome massacre and was stopped short. Lanza blasted his way into the building and used a high-power rifle to kill 20 children and six adults, including the principal who tried to stop him, authorities said ... Among the questions ... H ... The Rev....(size: 8.8Kb)
photo: AP / Newtown Bee, Shannon Hicks
15 Dec 2012
Newtown, Conn ... Authorities found 18 children and seven adults, including the gunman, dead at the school, and two children were pronounced dead later after being taken to a hospital ... "We have 20 new saints today ... The chaos struck as children gathered in their classrooms for morning sessions at Sandy Hook Elementary in Newtown, a wealthy, wooded suburb of 27,000 in Fairfield County, about 130 kilometers northeast of New York City....(size: 7.5Kb)
noodls
14 Dec 2012
(Source. West Ham United Football Club plc). West Ham United first-year scholar Jamie Harney put his head to good use in Monday's 3-1 FA Youth Cup third-round win at Aldershot Town ... "I was very happy with it ... Jamie Harney scores with a bullet header at Aldershot Town ... "I come from a small village called Plumbridge in County Tyrone in Northern Ireland and I represent my country and play centre-back as most people know ... (noodl....(size: 4.0Kb)
BBC News
12 Dec 2012
A navy submariner handed over secrets to two MI5 agents posing as Russian spies because he had been passed over for promotion, a court has heard. Petty Officer Edward Devenney, 30, originally from County Tyrone, admitted breaching the Official Secrets Act by collecting classified coding material. He gathered details of "crypto material" useful to the UK's enemies ... He will be sentenced later ... Share this page....(size: 2.4Kb)
noodls
10 Dec 2012
(Source. Tate Gallery). 12 February - 2 June 2013 ... Eighteenth century artist William Hodges uses a lone tree in the foreground to anchor our view in his depiction of India's Rajmahal Hills, which reverberates with a similar motif two hundred years later in Paul Graham's photograph of County Tyrone, except this time the tree flies a Union Jack flag, offering a glimpse of troubled politics ... Admission is free ... These included....(size: 7.0Kb)
noodls
09 Dec 2012
SDLP - Social Democratic and Labour Party) SDLP West Tyrone MLA Joe Byrne has said the entire county is at a loss after the heartbreaking ... The whole county of Tyrone is at a loss for this and it has made an indelible mark on the people, even further afield, coming so close to tragic deaths on roads in Magherafelt and Armagh over the past few days....(size: 2.3Kb)
BBC News
09 Dec 2012
BBC News
09 Dec 2012
BBC News
08 Dec 2012
BBC News
06 Dec 2012
BBC News
06 Dec 2012
A Northern Irish rider killed whilst racing in the Manx Grand Prix died from massive internal injuries, an inquest has heard. Trevor Ferguson from Castlecaulfield in County Tyrone crashed at the 'The Nook' on the approach to Governors Dip during the Supertwins race on 29 August. Douglas Courthouse heard evidence from spectators, marshals, medics and police who attended the scene ... No one else was involved in the accident ... ....(size: 3.5Kb)
The Daily Mail
05 Dec 2012
BBC News
04 Dec 2012
BBC News
04 Dec 2012
The Daily Mail
04 Dec 2012
"Tyrone" redirects here. For other uses, see Tyrone (disambiguation).
| County Tyrone Contae Thír Eoghain
Coontie Tyrone |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| Motto: Consilio et Prudentia (Latin) "By Wisdom and Prudence" |
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| Country | United Kingdom | ||
| Region | Northern Ireland | ||
| Province | Ulster | ||
| County seat | Omagh | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 1,260 sq mi (3,263 km2) | ||
| Area rank | 8th | ||
| Population (2001) | 166,516 | ||
| • Rank | 10th [1] | ||
| Contae Thír Eoghain is the Irish name; Countie Tyrone,[2] Coontie Tyrone[3] and Coontie Owenslann[4] are Ulster Scots spellings (the latter used only by Dungannon & South Tyrone Borough Council). | |||
County Tyrone (from Irish: Tír Eoghain, meaning "land of Eoghan") is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland. Adjoined to the south-west shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 3,155 km², with a population of approximately 166,516, with its county town being Omagh. It is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, lying within the historical province of Ulster.
Tyrone is the seventh largest of Ireland’s thirty-two counties in area and eighth largest in terms of population.[5] It is the second largest of Ulster’s nine counties in size and fourth largest in terms of population.[6]
Contents |
Name[link]
The name Tyrone is derived from Irish: Tír Eoghain meaning "land of Eoghan". This Eoghan was son of king Niall of the Nine Hostages, and brother of Conall Gulban, who gave his name to the kingdom of Tír Chonaill.[7] Historically, it was anglicised as Tirowen or Tyrowen, which are closer to the Irish pronunciation.
History[link]
Main article: List of Kings of Tír Eógain
| Historical populations | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1659 | 4,088 | — |
| 1821 | 261,865 | +6305.7% |
| 1831 | 304,468 | +16.3% |
| 1841 | 312,956 | +2.8% |
| 1851 | 255,661 | −18.3% |
| 1861 | 238,500 | −6.7% |
| 1871 | 215,766 | −9.5% |
| 1881 | 197,719 | −8.4% |
| 1891 | 171,401 | −13.3% |
| 1901 | 150,567 | −12.2% |
| 1911 | 142,665 | −5.2% |
| 1926 | 132,792 | −6.9% |
| 1937 | 127,586 | −3.9% |
| 1951 | 132,082 | +3.5% |
| 1961 | 133,919 | +1.4% |
| 1966 | 136,040 | +1.6% |
| 1971 | 139,073 | +2.2% |
| 1981 | 150,729 | +8.4% |
| 1991 | 156,284 | +3.7% |
| 2001 | 164,235 | +5.1% |
| [8][9][10][11][12][13] | ||
Historically Tyrone stretched as far north as Lough Foyle, and comprised part of modern day County Londonderry east of the River Foyle. The majority of County Londonderry was carved out of Tyrone between 1610-1620 when that land went to the Guilds of London to set up profit making schemes based on natural resources located there. Tyrone was the traditional stronghold of the various O'Neill clans and families, the strongest of the Gaelic Irish families in Ulster, surviving into the seventeenth century. The ancient principality of Tír Eoghain, the inheritance of the O'Neills, included the whole of the present counties of Tyrone and Londonderry, and the four baronies of West Inishowen, East Inishowen, Raphoe North and Raphoe South in County Donegal.[7]
Geography[link]
With an area of 3,155 square kilometres (1,218 sq mi), Tyrone is the largest county in Northern Ireland. The flat peatlands of East Tyrone borders the shoreline of the largest lake in Ireland, Lough Neagh, rising gradually across to the more mountainous terrain in the west of the county, the area surrounding the Sperrin Mountains, the highest point being Sawel Mountain at a height of 678 m (2,224 ft). The length of the county, from the mouth of the River Blackwater at Lough Neagh to the western point near Carrickaduff hill is 55 miles (89 km). The breadth, from the southern corner, southeast of Fivemiletown, to the northeastern corner near Meenard Mountain is 37.5 miles (60.4 km); giving an area of 1,260 square miles (in 1900).[7] Annaghone lays claim to be the geographical centre of Northern Ireland.
Demography[link]
It is one of four counties in Northern Ireland which presently has a majority of the population from a Catholic community background, according to the 2001 census. In 1900 County Tyrone had a population of 197,719,[7] while in 2001 it was 166,516.
Settlements[link]
Main article: List of places in County Tyrone
Large towns[link]
(population of 18,000 or more and under 75,000 at 2001 Census)[14]
Medium towns[link]
(population of 10,000 or more and under 18,000 at 2001 Census)[14]
Small towns[link]
(population of 4,500 or more and under 10,000 at 2001 Census)[14]
Intermediate settlements[link]
(population of 2,250 or more and under 4,500 at 2001 Census)[14]
Villages[link]
(population of 1,000 or more and under 2,250 at 2001 Census)[14]
Small villages or hamlets[link]
(population of less than 1,000 at 2001 Census)[14]
- Altamuskin
- Altmore
- Ardstraw
- Artigarvan
- Augher
- Aughnacloy
- Ballygawley
- Ballymagorry
- Beragh
- Caledon
- Clogher
- Clonoe
- Derrylaughan
- Derrytresk
- Donaghmore
- Donemana
- Drumquin
- Edenderry
- Eglish
- Erganagh
- Eskra
- Evish
- Glenmornan
- Gortin
- Greencastle
- Killyclogher
- Loughmacrory
- Kildress
- Pomeroy
- Rock
- Stewartstown
- Tullyhogue
- Victoria Bridge
Subdivisions[link]
Baronies
Main article: Baronies of Ireland
- Clogher
- Dungannon Lower
- Dungannon Middle
- Dungannon Upper
- Omagh East
- Omagh West
- Strabane Lower
- Strabane Upper
Parishes
Main article: List of civil parishes of County Tyrone
Townlands
Main article: List of townlands in County Tyrone
Sport[link]
The major sports in Tyrone are Gaelic games, Association football and Rugby Union.[citation needed]
- Gaelic football is more widely played than hurling. The Tyrone GAA football side has had considerable success since 2000, winning three All Ireland titles (in 2003, 2005 and 2008), they have also won thirteen Ulster titles (1956, 1957, 1973, 1984, 1986, 1989, 1995, 1996, 2001, 2003, 2007, 2009, 2010)[15] and two National League titles (in 2002 and 2003).[citation needed]
- Underage Gaelic football teams have also had considerable successes on the field at both provincial and national level - winning the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship seven times (the most recent, also in 2010) and the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship four times.[citation needed]
- Association Football also has a large following. Omagh Town F.C. were members of the Irish Football League until they folded in 2005. Dungannon Swifts F.C. compete in the IFA Premiership. Other teams include Irish League Division One side Coagh United F.C. and Division Two sides Dergview F.C. and Killymoon Rangers F.C..
- Rugby Union is very popular in the county. Dungannon RFC are one of only three Ulster teams currently playing in All Ireland League One. Other teams include Omagh RFC, Clogher Valley RFC, Cookstown RFC and Strabane RFC.
People[link]
Notable residents of County Tyrone have included:
- Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone (Aodh Mór Ó Néill), c.1550–1616, Irish leader during the Nine Years' War
- Philomena Begley, Irish country music singer
- Tom Clarke, a leader of the 1916 Easter Rising
- John Dunlap (1747–1812), publisher of the first American daily newspaper the Pennsylvania Packet in 1784, also the printer of the American Declaration of Independence.
- Janet Devlin, soul and pop artist and contestant on the Xfactor
- John Hughes, (1797–1864), born in Annaloghan, first Archbishop of Roman Catholic diocese of New York.[16]
- Mary Mallon (1869–1938), more commonly known as Typhoid Mary
- Peter Canavan, former All Ireland winning Tyrone captain and second top scorer in Senior Ulster Championship football.
- Professor P G (Gerry) McKenna MRIA, biomedical scientist and former Vice Chancellor, University of Ulster
- Darren Clarke, professional golfer.
- Paul Brady, musician.
- Brian Dooher, current captain of the Tyrone senior football team.
- Hugo Duncan, singer and broadcaster on BBC Radio.
- Dennis Taylor, former World Snooker Champion.
- Aaron Hughes, current captain of the Northern Ireland football team and also plays for Fulham.
- Benedict Kiely (1919–2007), writer and broadcaster
- Thomas Mellon, founder of Mellon Bank, now Bank of New York Mellon
- Flann O'Brien, 1911–1966, writer
- Victor Sloan MBE, Visual Artist
- William Burke, 1792–1829, grave robber and murderer
- William Carleton, 1794–1869, writer
- Brian Friel, dramatist and theatre director
- Chloe Coyle, The All Ireland Talent Show (series 2)[17]
- Ivan Sproule, football player for Bristol City F.C.
See also[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: County Tyrone |
- Abbeys and priories in Northern Ireland (County Tyrone)
- High Sheriff of Tyrone
- List of civil parishes of County Tyrone
- List of places in County Tyrone
- List of townlands in County Tyrone
- Lord Lieutenant of Tyrone
References[link]
- ^ Cookstown.gov.uk
- ^ North-South Ministerial Council: 2010 Annual Report in Ulster Scots
- ^ North-South Ministerial Council: 2006 Annual Report in Ulster Scots
- ^ Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council
- ^ Corry, Eoghan (2005). The GAA Book of Lists. Hodder Headline Ireland. pp. 186–191. ISBN 0-340-89695-7.
- ^ Marie Veronica Tarpey The role of Joseph McGarrity in the struggle for Irish independence
- ^ a b c d "Description of County Tyrone from Atlas and Cyclopedia of Ireland (1900)". Library Ireland. http://www.libraryireland.com/Atlas/Tyrone.php. Retrieved 24 February 2009.
- ^ For 1653 and 1659 figures from Civil Survey Census of those years, Paper of Mr Hardinge to Royal Irish Academy March 14, 1865.
- ^ Census for post 1821 figures.
- ^ Histpop.org
- ^ Nisranews.gov.uk
- ^ Lee, JJ (1981). "On the accuracy of the Pre-famine Irish censuses". In Goldstrom, J. M.; Clarkson, L. A.. Irish Population, Economy, and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
- ^ Mokyr, Joel; O Grada, Cormac (November). "New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700-1850". The Economic History Review 37 (4): 473–488. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1984.tb00344.x. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/120035880/abstract
- ^ a b c d e f "Statistical classification of settlements". NI Neighbourhood Information Service. http://www.ninis.nisra.gov.uk/mapxtreme_towns/statistical%20classification.htm. Retrieved 23 February 2009.
- ^ The Tyrone GAA team have won the Ulster Senior Championship on eight occasions in the 20th century
- ^ Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who. 1963.
- ^ Belfast Telegraph - Chloe Coyle
- The Memoirs of John M. Regan, a Catholic Officer in the RIC and RUC, 1909–48, Joost Augusteijn, editor, District Inspector, Co. Tyrone, 1920s, ISBN 978-1-84682-069-4.
Further reading[link]
- McNeill, I. 2010. The Flora of County Tyrone. National Museums of Northern Ireland. ISBN 978905989171
External links[link]
- County Tyrone at the Open Directory Project
- A Flavour of Tyrone
- County Tyrone.com
- Ulster-American Folk Park
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http://wn.com/County_Tyrone
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Tyrone
http://cs.wn.com/Hrabství Tyrone
http://es.wn.com/Condado de Tyrone
http://ru.wn.com/Тирон (графство)
http://nl.wn.com/County Tyrone
http://pl.wn.com/Hrabstwo Tyrone
http://fr.wn.com/Comté de Tyrone
http://de.wn.com/County Tyrone
http://pt.wn.com/Condado de Tyrone
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_Tyrone
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Field Marshal The Right Honourable The Viscount Montgomery of Alamein KG GCB DSO PC |
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|---|---|
  Montgomery wearing his beret with two cap badges. |
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| Born | (1887-11-17)17 November 1887 Kennington, London |
| Died | 24 March 1976(1976-03-24) (aged 88) Alton, Hampshire |
| Place of burial | Holy Cross Churchyard, Binsted |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom |
| Service/branch |  British Army |
| Years of service | 1908–1958 |
| Rank | Field Marshal |
| Commands held | Eighth Army 1942–1943 Allied 21st Army Group 1943–1945 Chief of the Imperial General Staff 1946–1948 Deputy Supreme Commander Europe of NATO 1951–1958 |
| Battles/wars | First World War Anglo-Irish War Arab revolt in Palestine Second World War |
| Awards | KG (1946) GCB (1945) DSO (1914) MID (9 times) Other foreign awards (listed in main text) |
| Other work | Colonel Commandant, Royal Tank Regiment Colonel Commandant, Parachute Regiment ( -1956[1]) Representative Colonel Commandant, Royal Armoured Corps (1947[2]-1957[3]) Colonel Commandant, Army Physical Training Corps (1946[4]-1960[5]) Colonel Royal Warwickshire Regiment(1947[6]-1963[7]) Deputy Lieutenant of Southampton (1958–)[8] |
Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, KG, GCB, DSO, PC ( /məntˈɡʌmərɪ əv ˈæləmeɪn/; 17 November 1887 – 24 March 1976), nicknamed "Monty" and the "Spartan General"[9] was a British Army officer. He saw action in the First World War, when he was seriously wounded, and during the Second World War he commanded the 8th Army from August 1942 in the Western Desert until the final Allied victory in Tunisia. This command included the Battle of El Alamein, a major turning point in the Western Desert Campaign. He subsequently commanded Eighth Army in Sicily and Italy before being given responsibility for planning the D-Day invasion in Normandy. He was in command of all Allied ground forces during Operation Overlord from the initial landings until after the Battle of Normandy. He then continued in command of the 21st Army Group for the rest of the campaign in North West Europe. As such he was the principal field commander for the failed airborne attempt to bridge the Rhine at Arnhem and the Allied Rhine crossing. On 4 May 1945 he took the German surrender at Luneburg Heath in northern Germany. After the War he became Commander-in-Chief of the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR) in Germany and then Chief of the Imperial General Staff.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Montgomery was born in Kennington, London, in 1887, the fourth child of nine, to an Anglo-Irish Anglican priest, the Revd Henry Montgomery, and Maud Montgomery (née Farrar). Henry Montgomery, at the time the Vicar of St Mark's, Kennington, was the second son of the noted Indian administrator, Sir Robert Montgomery, who died a month after Bernard's birth.[10] Bernard's mother, Maud, was the daughter of the well-known preacher Frederic William Farrar, and was eighteen years younger than her husband.[11] After the death of Sir Robert Montgomery, Henry inherited the Montgomery ancestral estate of New Park at Moville, a town on the Inishowen Peninsula of northern County Donegal in the west of Ulster. However, there was still £13,000 to pay on a mortgage, a fairly large amount of money in the 1880s, and Henry was at the time still only a mere parish priest. Despite selling off all of those farms that were at Ballynally, "there was barely enough to keep up New Park and pay for the blasted summer holiday" (i.e., at New Park).[12] It was a financial relief of some magnitude when, in 1889, Henry was made Bishop of Tasmania, then still a British colony. He considered it his duty to spend as much time as possible in the outlying country of Tasmania and was away six months at a time. While he was away his wife, still in her mid-twenties, gave her children "constant" beatings,[13] then ignored them most of the time as she performed the public duties of the bishop's wife. Of Bernard's siblings, Sibyl died prematurely in Tasmania, and Harold, Donald and Una all emigrated.[14] In the absence of her husband, Maud Montgomery took little active interest in the education of her young children other than to have them taught by tutors brought from England. The loveless environment made Bernard something of a bully, as he himself later recalled "I was a dreadful little boy. I don't suppose anybody would put up with my sort of behaviour these days."[15] Later in life Montgomery refused to allow his son David to have anything to do with his grandmother and he refused to attend her funeral in 1949.[16]
The family returned home once for the Lambeth Conference in 1897, and Bernard and his brother Harold were educated for a term at The King's School, Canterbury.[17] In 1901, Bishop Montgomery became secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, and the family returned to London. Montgomery went to St Paul's School and then the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, from which he was almost expelled for setting fire to a fellow cadet during a fight with pokers. On graduation he joined the 1st Battalion, The Royal Warwickshire Regiment in September 1908 as a second lieutenant,[18] first seeing service in India until 1913. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1910.[19]
First World War[link]
The First World War began in August 1914 and Montgomery moved to France with his regiment that month. He saw service during the retreat from Mons, during which half his battalion was destroyed. At Méteren, near the Belgian border at Bailleul on 13 October 1914, during an Allied counter-offensive, he was shot through the right lung by a sniper. A platoon sergeant came to assist him but was killed. He fell on Montgomery. The German sniper fired at him until sunset. The body of the sergeant protected Montgomery and took most of the enemy fire. Montgomery was hit once more though, in the knee.[20] He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order for gallant leadership. The citation for this award, published in the London Gazette in December 1914 reads:
Conspicuous gallant leading on 13th October, when he turned the enemy out of their trenches with the bayonet. He was severely wounded.[21]
After recovering in early 1915, he was appointed to be brigade major[22] training Kitchener's New Army and returned to the Western Front in early 1916 as an operations staff officer during the battles of the Somme, Arras, and Passchendaele. During this time he came under IX Corps, part of General Sir Herbert Plumer's Second Army. Through his training, rehearsal, and integration of the infantry with artillery and engineers, the troops of Plumer's Second Army were able to achieve their objectives efficiently and without unnecessary casualties.
Montgomery served at the battles of the Lys and Chemin-des-Dames before finishing the war as General Staff Officer 1 and effectively chief of staff of the 47th (2nd London) Division, with the temporary rank of lieutenant-colonel.[23] A photograph from October 1918 shows the then unknown Lt.-Col. Montgomery standing in front of Winston Churchill (Minister of Munitions) at the victory parade at Lille.
Between the wars[link]
After the First World War Montgomery commanded the 17th Battalion the Royal Fusiliers,[24] a battalion in the British Army of the Rhine, before reverting to his substantive rank of captain (brevet major) in November 1919.[25] He wrote up his experiences in a series of training pamphlets and manuals. He then attended the army's Staff College, Camberley, before being appointed Brigade Major in the 17th Infantry Brigade in January 1921.[26] The brigade was stationed in County Cork during the Irish War of Independence. A cousin of Montgomery's, Lt Col. Hugh Montgomery, had been assassinated by the IRA in 1920 (see the Cairo Gang). IRA officer Tom Barry said that he "behaved with great correctness".[citation needed] Montgomery came to the conclusion that the conflict could not be won without harsh measures, and that self-government was the only feasible solution; in 1923, after the establishment of the Irish Free State and during the Irish Civil War, Montgomery wrote to Colonel Arthur Percival of the Essex Regiment:
Personally, my whole attention was given to defeating the rebels but it never bothered me a bit how many houses were burnt. I think I regarded all civilians as 'Shinners' and I never had any dealings with any of them. My own view is that to win a war of this sort, you must be ruthless. Oliver Cromwell, or the Germans, would have settled it in a very short time. Nowadays public opinion precludes such methods, the nation would never allow it, and the politicians would lose their jobs if they sanctioned it. That being so, I consider that Lloyd George was right in what he did, if we had gone on we could probably have squashed the rebellion as a temporary measure, but it would have broken out again like an ulcer the moment we removed the troops. I think the rebels would probably [have] refused battles, and hidden their arms etc. until we had gone.[27]
In 1923, Montgomery was posted to the Territorial 49th Division, eschewing the usual amounts of drill for tactical training[citation needed]. He returned to the 1st Royal Warwickshires in 1925 as a company commander and captain. In January 1926 having been promoted to major in 1925,[28] he was appointed Deputy Assistant Adjutant General (D.A.A.G.) at the Staff College, Camberley in the temporary rank of lieutenant-colonel,[29] a position he held until January 1929 by which time he had been made a (brevet lieutenant-colonel).[30]
In 1927, he met and married Elizabeth Carver, widow of Oswald Carver, Olympic rowing medalist who was killed in the First World War.[31] Their son, David, was born in August 1928. Elizabeth Carver was the sister of the Second World War commander Percy Hobart.
In 1931 Montgomery became lieutenant-colonel[32] commanding the 1st Battalion of The Royal Warwickshire Regiment and saw service in Palestine, Egypt, and India. He was promoted to full colonel in 1934[33] and became an instructor at the Indian Army Staff College in Quetta, India.[34] As was usual, Montgomery maintained links with the Royal Warwickshires and was later to take up the honorary position of Colonel-of-the-Regiment in 1947. Montgomery stirred up the resentment of his superiors for his arrogance and dictatorial ways, and also for his disregard of convention when it obstructed military effectiveness.[citation needed] For example, he set up a battalion brothel in Tripoli, Libya during the Second World War, regularly inspected by the medical officer, for the 'horizontal refreshment' of his soldiers rather than forcing them to take chances in unregulated establishments. He was quoted as saying that his men "deserved it".[35]
On completion of his tour of duty in India, Montgomery returned to Britain in June 1937[36] where he became commanding officer of the 9th Infantry Brigade with the temporary rank of brigadier,[37] but that year also saw tragedy for him; his wife was bitten by an insect while on holiday in Burnham-on-Sea. The bite became infected, and his wife died in his arms from septicaemia following an amputation. The loss devastated Montgomery, but he insisted on throwing himself back into his work immediately after the funeral.[38] In 1938, he organised an amphibious combined operations landing exercise that impressed the new commander-in-chief, Southern Command, General Wavell. He was promoted to major-general in October 1938[39] and took command of the 8th Infantry Division[40] in Palestine. There he quashed an Arab revolt before returning in July 1939 to Britain, suffering a serious illness on the way, to command the 3rd (Iron) Infantry Division. On hearing of the rebel defeat in April 1939, Montgomery said, "I shall be sorry to leave Palestine in many ways, as I have enjoyed the war out here".[41]
Second World War[link]
British Expeditionary Force[link]
Retreat To Dunkirk and Evacuation[link]
See also: World War II
Britain declared war on Germany on 3 September 1939. The 3rd Division was deployed to Belgium as part of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). Montgomery predicted a disaster similar to that in 1914, and so spent the Phoney War training his troops for tactical retreat rather than offensive operations. During this time, Montgomery faced serious trouble from his superiors for his attitude regarding the sexual health of his soldiers. However, he was defended from dismissal by his superior Alan Brooke, commander of II Corps. Montgomery's training paid off when the Germans began their invasion of the Low Countries on 10 May 1940 and the 3rd Division advanced to the River Dijle and then withdrew to Dunkirk with great professionalism, entering the Dunkirk perimeter in a famous night-time march which placed his forces on the left flank which had been left exposed by the Belgian surrender.[42] The 3rd Division returned to Britain intact with minimal casualties. During Operation Dynamo — the evacuation of 330,000 BEF and French troops to Britain — Montgomery assumed command of the II Corps after Brooke had taken acting command of the whole BEF.[43]
On his return Montgomery antagonised the War Office with trenchant criticisms of the command of the BEF[44] and was briefly relegated to divisional command. He was however made a Companion of the Order of the Bath. In July 1940, he was appointed acting lieutenant-general,[45] placed in command of V Corps, responsible for the defence of Hampshire and Dorset, and started a long-running feud[46] with the new commander-in-chief, Southern Command, Claude Auchinleck. In April 1941, he became commander of XII Corps responsible for the defence of Kent. During this period he instituted a regime of continuous training and insisted on high levels of physical fitness for both officers and other ranks. He was ruthless in sacking officers he considered would be unfit for command in action.[47] In December 1941 Montgomery was given command of South-Eastern Command[48] overseeing the defence of Kent, Sussex and Surrey.[47] He renamed his command the South-Eastern Army to promote offensive spirit. During this time he further developed and rehearsed his ideas and trained his soldiers, culminating in Exercise Tiger in May 1942, a combined forces exercise involving 100,000 troops.
North Africa and Italy[link]
Montgomery's early command[link]
See also: North African Campaign, Western Desert Campaign, Tunisia Campaign, and Italian Campaign (World War II)
In 1942, a new field commander was required in the Middle East, where Auchinleck was fulfilling both the role of commander-in-chief Middle East Command and commander Eighth Army. He had stabilised the Allied position at the First Battle of El Alamein, but after a visit in August 1942, the Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, replaced him as C-in-C with Alexander and William Gott as commander of the Eighth Army in the Western Desert. After Gott was killed flying back to Cairo Churchill was persuaded by Brooke, who by this time was Chief of the Imperial General Staff to appoint Montgomery, who had only just been nominated to replace Alexander as commander of the British ground forces for Operation Torch.[49]
A story, probably apocryphal but popular at the time, is that the appointment caused Montgomery to remark that "After having an easy war, things have now got much more difficult." A colleague is supposed to have told him to cheer up – at which point Montgomery is supposed to have said "I'm not talking about me, I'm talking about Rommel!"[50]
Montgomery's assumption of command transformed the fighting spirit and abilities of the Eighth Army.[51] Taking command on 13 August 1942, he immediately became a whirlwind of activity. He ordered the creation of the X Corps, which contained all armoured divisions to fight alongside his XXX Corps which was all infantry divisions. This was in no way similar to a German Panzer Corps. One of Rommel's Panzer Corps combined infantry, armour and artillery units under one corps commander. The only common commander for Montgomery's all infantry and all armour corps was the Eighth Army Commander himself. Correlli Barnett commented that Montgomery's solution "...was in every way opposite to Auchinleck's and in every way wrong, for it carried the existing dangerous separatism still further."[52] Montgomery reinforced the 30 miles (48 km) long front line at El Alamein, something that would take two months to accomplish. He asked Alexander to send him two new British divisions (51st Highland and 44th) that were then arriving in Egypt and were scheduled to be deployed in defence of the Nile Delta. He moved his field HQ to Burg al Arab, close to the Air Force command post in order better to coordinate combined operations.[51] Montgomery was determined that the Army, Navy and Air Forces should fight their battles in a unified, focused manner according to a detailed plan. He ordered immediate reinforcement of the vital heights of Alam Halfa, just behind his own lines, expecting the German commander, Erwin Rommel, to attack with the heights as his objective, something that Rommel soon did. Montgomery ordered all contingency plans for retreat to be destroyed. "I have cancelled the plan for withdrawal", he told his officers at the first meeting he held with them in the desert. "If we are attacked, then there will be no retreat. If we cannot stay here alive, then we will stay here dead."[53]
Montgomery made a great effort to appear before troops as often as possible, frequently visiting various units and making himself known to the men, often arranging for cigarettes to be distributed. Although he still wore a standard British officer's cap on arrival in the desert, he briefly wore an Australian broad-brimmed hat before switching to wearing the black beret (with the badge of the Royal Tank Regiment next to the British General Officer's badge) for which he became notable. The black beret had been offered to him by a soldier upon climbing into a tank to get a closer look at the front lines. Both Brooke and Alexander were astonished by the transformation in atmosphere when they visited on 19 August, less than a week after Montgomery had taken command.[53]
First battles with Rommel[link]
Rommel attempted to turn the left flank of the Eighth Army at the Battle of Alam Halfa from 31 August 1942. The German/Italian armoured Corps infantry attack was stopped in very heavy fighting. Rommel's forces had to withdraw urgently lest their retreat through the British minefields be cut off.[54] Montgomery was criticised for not counter-attacking the retreating forces immediately, but he felt strongly that his methodical build-up of British forces was not yet ready. A hasty counter-attack risked ruining his strategy for an offensive on his own terms in late October, planning for which had begun soon after he took command.[55] He was confirmed in the permanent rank of lieutenant-general in mid October.[56]
The conquest of Libya was essential for airfields to support Malta and to threaten the rear of Axis forces opposing Operation Torch. Montgomery prepared meticulously for the new offensive after convincing Churchill that the time was not being wasted. (Churchill sent a telegram to Alexander on 23 September 1942 which began, "We are in your hands and of course a victorious battle makes amends for much delay."[57]) He was determined not to fight until he thought there had been sufficient preparation for a decisive victory, and put into action his beliefs with the gathering of resources, detailed planning, the training of troops—especially in clearing minefields and fighting at night[58]—and in the use of 252[59] of the latest American-built Sherman tanks, 90 M7 Priest self-propelled howitzers, and making a personal visit to every unit involved in the offensive. By the time the offensive was ready in late October, Eighth Army had 231,000 men on its ration strength[60] including British, Australian, South African, Indian, New Zealand, Greek and Free French units.
El Alamein[link]
The Second Battle of El Alamein began on 23 October 1942, and ended 12 days later with the first large-scale, decisive Allied land victory of the war. Montgomery correctly predicted both the length of the battle and the number of casualties (13,500[61]). However, soon after Allied armoured units and infantry broke through the German and Italian lines and were pursuing the enemy forces at speed along the coast road, a violent rainstorm burst over the region, bogging down the tanks and support trucks in the desert mud. Montgomery, standing before his officers at headquarters and close to tears, announced that he was forced to call off the pursuit. Corelli Barnett has pointed out that the rain also fell on the Germans, and that the weather is therefore an inadequate explanation for the failure to exploit the breakthrough, but nevertheless the Battle of El Alamein had been a great success. Over 30,000[62] prisoners were taken including the German second in command, General von Thoma, as well as eight other general officers.[63] Rommel, having been in a hospital in Germany at the start of the battle, was forced to return on 25 October 1942 after General Stumme – his replacement as German commander – died of a heart attack in the early hours of the battle.[64]
Tunisia[link]
Montgomery was knighted and promoted to full general.[65] The Eighth Army's subsequent advance as the Germans retreated hundreds of miles towards their bases in Tunisia used the logistical as well as the firepower advantages of the British Army while avoiding unnecessary risks. It also gave the Allies an indication that the tide of war had genuinely turned in North Africa[citation needed]. Montgomery kept the initiative, applying superior strength when it suited him, forcing Rommel out of each successive defensive position. On 6 March 1943, Rommel's attack on the over-extended Eighth Army at Medenine (Operation Capri) with the largest concentration of German armour in North Africa was successfully repulsed. At the Mareth Line, 20 to 27 March, when Montgomery encountered fiercer frontal opposition than he had anticipated, he switched his major effort into an outflanking inland pincer, backed by low-flying RAF fighter-bomber support.
This campaign demonstrated the battle-winning ingredients of morale (sickness and absenteeism were virtually eliminated in the Eighth Army[citation needed]), co-operation of all arms including the air forces, first-class logistical back-up and clear-cut orders. For his role in North Africa he was awarded the Legion of Merit by the United States government in the rank of Chief Commander.[66]
Sicily[link]
The next major Allied attack was the Allied invasion of Sicily (Operation Husky). Montgomery considered the initial plans for the Allied invasion, which had been agreed in principle by Eisenhower and Alexander, to be unworkable because of the dispersion of effort. He managed to have the plans recast to concentrate the Allied forces, having Patton's Seventh US Army land in the Gulf of Gela (on the left flank of Eighth Army, which landed around Syracuse in the south-east of Sicily) rather than near Palermo in the west and north of Sicily.[67] Inter-Allied tensions grew as the American commanders Patton and Bradley (then commanding II US Corps under Patton), took umbrage at what they perceived as Montgomery's attitudes and boastfulness.
Italian Campaign[link]
During the autumn of 1943, Montgomery continued to command the Eighth Army during the landings on the mainland of Italy itself. In conjunction with the Anglo-American landings at Salerno (near Naples) by Mark Clark's Fifth Army and seaborne landings by British paratroops in the heel of Italy (including the key port of Taranto, where they disembarked without resistance directly into the port), Montgomery led the Eighth Army up the toe of Italy. Some criticism was made of the slowness of Montgomery's advance.[citation needed] The Eighth Army, responsible for the eastern side of the Allied front, from the central Apennine mountain spine to the Adriatic coast, fought a succession of engagements alternating between opposed crossings of the rivers running across their line of advance and attacks against the cleverly constructed defensive positions the Germans had fashioned on the ridges in between. The Eighth Army crossed the Sangro river in mid-November and penetrated the German's strongest position at the Gustav Line but as the winter weather deteriorated the advance ground to a halt as transport bogged down and air support operations became impossible. Montgomery abhorred the lack of coordination, the dispersion of effort, and the strategic muddle and opportunism he perceived in the Allied effort in Italy and was glad to leave the "dog's breakfast" on 23 December.[citation needed]
Normandy[link]
See also: Invasion of Normandy
Montgomery returned to Britain in January 1944[68] to take command of the 21st Army Group which consisted of all Allied ground forces that would take part in Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy. Preliminary planning for the invasion had been taking place for two years, most recently by COSSAC staff (Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander).[citation needed] Montgomery quickly concluded that the COSSAC plan was too limited, and strongly advocated expanding the plan from a three-division to a five-division assault. As with his takeover of the Eighth Army, Montgomery travelled frequently to his units, raising morale and ensuring training was progressing. At St Paul's School on 7 April and 15 May he presented his strategy for the invasion. He envisaged a ninety day battle, ending when all the forces reached the Seine, pivoting on an Allied-held Caen, with British and Canadian armies forming a shoulder and the US armies wheeling on the right.[citation needed]
During the hard fought two and a half month Battle of Normandy that followed, the impact of a series of unfavourable autumnal weather conditions disrupted the Normandy landing areas and seriously hampered the tactical delivery of planned transportation of personnel and supplies which were being carried across the English Channel. Consequently, Montgomery argues in his literary account that he was unable to follow his pre-battle plan precisely to the timescales planned outside of battle. It should be noted that the extension of the battle plan by one month was the cause of significant retrospective criticisms of Montgomery by some of his American peers, including the much respected Bradley and equally controversial Patton.[citation needed]
Montgomery's initial plan was, most likely, for an immediate break-out toward Caen. Unable to do so, as the British did not get enough forces ashore to exploit the successful landing, Montgomery's advance was checked. When it appeared unlikely that the British Second Army would break out, Montgomery's contingency was designed to attract German forces to the British sector to ease the passing of United States Army through German defences to the west, during Operation Cobra. This series of battle plans by the British, Canadian and American armies trapped and defeated the German forces in Normandy in the Falaise pocket. The campaign that Montgomery fought was essentially attritional until the middle of July with the occupation of the Cotentin Peninsula and a series of offensives in the east, which secured Caen and attracted the bulk of German armour there. An American break-out was achieved with Operation Cobra and the encirclement of German forces in the Falaise pocket at the cost of British sacrifice with the diversionary Operation Goodwood.[69]
Advance to the Rhine[link]
The increasing preponderance of American troops in the European theatre (from five out of ten divisions at D-Day to 72 out of 85 in 1945) made it a political impossibility for the Ground Forces Commander to be British. After the end of the Normandy campaign, General Eisenhower himself took over Ground Forces Command on 1 September, while continuing as Supreme Commander, with Montgomery continuing to command the 21st Army Group, now consisting mainly of British and Canadian units. Montgomery bitterly resented this change, although it had been agreed before the D-Day invasion.[70] Winston Churchill had Montgomery promoted to field marshal[71] by way of compensation.[70]
Montgomery was able to persuade Eisenhower to adopt his strategy of a single thrust to the Ruhr with Operation Market Garden in September 1944. It was uncharacteristic of Montgomery's battles: the offensive was strategically bold, but poorly planned. Montgomery either did not receive or ignored ULTRA intelligence which warned of the presence of German armoured units near the site of the attack.[72] As a result, the operation failed with the destruction of the British 1st Airborne Division at the Battle of Arnhem and the loss of any hopes of invading Germany by the end of 1944.
Montgomery's preoccupation with the push to the Ruhr had also distracted him from the essential task of clearing the Scheldt during the capture of Antwerp;[citation needed] and so, after Arnhem, Montgomery's group was instructed to concentrate on doing this so that the port of Antwerp could be opened.
When the surprise attack on the Ardennes took place on 16 December 1944, starting the Battle of the Bulge, the front of the U.S. 12th Army Group was split, with the bulk of the U.S. First Army being on the northern shoulder of the German 'bulge'. The Army Group commander, General Omar Bradley, was located south of the penetration at Luxembourg and command of the U.S. First Army became problematic. Montgomery was the nearest commander on the ground and on 20 December, Eisenhower (who was in Versailles) transferred Courtney Hodges' U.S. First Army and William Simpson's U.S. Ninth Army to his 21st Army Group, despite Bradley's vehement objections on national grounds.[nb 1] Montgomery grasped the situation quickly, visiting all divisional, corps, and army field commanders himself and instituting his 'Phantom' network of liaison officers. He grouped the British XXX Corps as a strategic reserve behind the Meuse and reorganised the US defence of the northern shoulder, shortening and strengthening the line and ordering the evacuation of St Vith. The German commander of the 5th Panzer Army, Hasso von Manteuffel said:
The operations of the American 1st Army had developed into a series of individual holding actions. Montgomery's contribution to restoring the situation was that he turned a series of isolated actions into a coherent battle fought according to a clear and definite plan. It was his refusal to engage in premature and piecemeal counter-attacks which enabled the Americans to gather their reserves and frustrate the German attempts to extend their breakthrough.[73]
Eisenhower had then wanted Montgomery to go on the offensive on 1 January to meet Patton's army that had started advancing from the south on 19 December and in doing so, trap the Germans. However, Montgomery refused to commit infantry he considered underprepared into a snowstorm and for a strategically unimportant piece of land.[citation needed] He did not launch the attack until 3 January, by which point the German forces had been able to escape. A large part of American military opinion thought that he should not have held back, though it was characteristic of him to use drawn-out preparations for his attack. After the battle the U.S. First Army was restored to the 12th Army Group; the U.S. Ninth Army remained under 21st Army Group until it crossed the Rhine.[citation needed]
Montgomery's 21st Army Group advanced to the Rhine with operations Veritable and Grenade in February 1945. A meticulously planned Rhine crossing occurred on 24 March. While successful it was weeks after the Americans had unexpectedly captured the Ludendorff Bridge and crossed the river. Montgomery's river crossing was followed by the encirclement of the German Army Group B in the Ruhr. Initially Montgomery's role was to guard the flank of the American advance. This was altered, however, to forestall any chance of a Red Army advance into Denmark, and the 21st Army Group occupied Hamburg and Rostock and sealed off the Danish peninsula.
On 4 May 1945, on Lüneburg Heath, Montgomery accepted the surrender of German forces in northern Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands. This was done plainly in a tent without any ceremony. In the same year he was awarded the Order of the Elephant, the highest order in Denmark.
Later life[link]
After the war Montgomery became the C-in-C of the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR), the name given to the British Occupation Forces and the British member of the Allied Control Council.[74] He was created 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein in 1946.[75] He was Chief of the Imperial General Staff from 1946 until 1948, succeeding Alanbrooke, but was largely a failure as it required strategic and political skills he did not possess. He was barely on speaking terms with his fellow chiefs, sending his VCIGS to attend their meetings[74] and he clashed particularly with Arthur Tedder, who as Deputy Supreme Commander had intrigued for Montgomery's dismissal during the Battle of Normandy, and who was by now Chief of the Air Staff. When Montgomery's term of office expired, Prime Minister Clement Attlee appointed General (later Field-Marshal) William Slim as his successor; when Montgomery protested that he had told his protégé John Crocker, a former corps commander from the 1944-5 campaign, that the job was to be his, Attlee is said to have given the memorable retort "Untell him".[76]
Montgomery was then appointed Chairman of the Western European Union's commanders-in-chief committee.[74] Volume 3 of Nigel Hamilton's Life of Montgomery of Alamein gives a good account of the bickering between Montgomery and his land forces chief, a French general, which created splits through the Union headquarters. He was thus pleased to become Eisenhower's deputy in creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation's European forces in 1951.[77] He was an effective inspector-general and mounted good exercises, but out of his depth politically, and his exacting manner and emphasis on efficiency created ill-feeling. He continued to serve under Eisenhower's successors, Matthew Ridgway and Al Gruenther, until his retirement, aged nearly 71, in 1958.[78] His mother died in 1949; Montgomery did not attend the funeral, claiming he was "too busy".[citation needed] He was chairman of the governing body of St John's School, Leatherhead, Surrey from 1951 to 1966 and a generous supporter. Montgomery was an Honorary Member of the Winkle Club, a noted charity in Hastings, East Sussex, and introduced Winston Churchill to the club in 1955.[79]
In 1953, the Hamilton Board of Education in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, wrote to Montgomery and asked permission to name a new school in the city's east end after him. Viscount Montgomery Elementary was billed as "the most modern school in North America" and the largest single-storey school in Hamilton, when the sod was turned on 14 March 1951.[80] The school officially opened on 18 April 1953, with Montgomery in attendance among almost 10,000 well-wishers. At the opening, he gave the motto "Gardez Bien" from his own family's coat of arms.
Montgomery referred to the school as his "beloved school" and visited on five separate occasions, the last being in 1960. On his last visit, he said to "his" students:[citation needed]
Let's make Viscount Montgomery School the best in Hamilton, the best in Ontario, the best in Canada. I don't associate myself with anything that is not good. It is up to you to see that everything about this school is good. It is up to the students to not only be their best in school but in their behaviour outside of Viscount. Education is not just something that will help you pass your exams and get you a job, it is to develop your brain to teach you to marshal facts and do things.
Before retirement, Montgomery's outspoken views on some subjects, such as race, were often officially suppressed.[citation needed] After retirement these outspoken views became public and his reputation suffered. He supported apartheid and Chinese communism under Mao Zedong, and spoke against the legalisation of homosexuality in the United Kingdom, arguing that the Sexual Offences Act 1967 was a "charter for buggery"[81] and that "this sort of thing may be tolerated by the French, but we're British – thank God."[82] However, several of Montgomery's biographers, including Chalfont (who found something "disturbingly equivocal" in "his relations with boys and young men"[citation needed]) and Nigel Hamilton (2002)[83] have suggested that he may himself have been a repressed homosexual; in the late 1940s he conducted an affectionate friendship with a 12-year-old Swiss boy.[84] One biographer called the friendship "bizarre" although not "improper" and a sign of "pitiful loneliness"[85]
Montgomery's memoirs (1958) criticised many of his wartime comrades in harsh terms, including Eisenhower, whom he accused, among other things, of prolonging the war by a year through poor leadership—allegations which ended their friendship, not least as Eisenhower was still US President at the time. He was stripped of his honorary citizenship of Montgomery, Alabama, and was challenged to a duel by an Italian officer.[86] He was threatened with legal action by Field-Marshal Auchinleck for suggesting that Auchinleck had intended to retreat from the Alamein position if attacked again, and had to give a radio broadcast (20 November 1958) expressing his gratitude to Auchinleck for having stabilised the front at the First Battle of Alamein.[citation needed] The 1960 edition of his memoirs contains a publisher's note (opposite page 15) drawing attention to that broadcast, and stating that in the publisher's view the reader might assume from Montgomery's text that Auchinleck had been planning to retreat and pointing out that this was in fact not the case.[citation needed]
Montgomery was never raised to an earldom like his wartime contemporaries Harold Alexander, Louis Mountbatten and even Archibald Wavell, but unlike them he had never been a Theatre Supreme Commander or held high political office. An official task he insisted on performing in his later years was bearing the Sword of State during the State Opening of Parliament. His increasing frailty, however, raised concerns about his ability to stand for long periods while carrying the heavy weapon. Ultimately, those fears were borne out when he collapsed in mid-ceremony in 1968 and did not perform this function again. A favourite pastime of the British press[citation needed] during these years was to photograph Montgomery cashing his old age pension cheque at the local social security office. Because of his eminence, the British public assumed Montgomery was wealthy and did not need the money. In fact, he had always been a man of modest means and it caused him great anguish that many believed he was taking taxpayer money he did not need. Another blow was a break-in at his home. Despite his making a televised appeal for the return of his possessions, the items were never recovered.[citation needed]
Death[link]
Montgomery died from unspecified causes in 1976 at his home Isington Mill, Isington near Alton, Hampshire, aged 88. After a funeral ceremony at St George's Chapel, Windsor, he was interred in the Holy Cross Churchyard, Binsted. [87][88]
Legacy[link]
His portrait (by Frank O. Salisbury, 1945) hangs in the National Portrait Gallery.[89]
A statue of Montgomery can be found outside the Ministry of Defence (the M.o.D.) in Whitehall, alongside those of Field Marshal Lord Slim and Field Marshal Lord Alanbrooke. Another statue of Viscount Montgomery can be found in Brussels, Belgium, watching a Montgomery Square. Another statue of Montgomery is in Southsea, Hampshire, opposite the 'D' Day Museum.
Montgomery gave his name to the French commune Colleville-Montgomery, Normandy.[90]
The Imperial War Museum holds a variety of material relating to Montgomery in its collections. These include Montgomery's Grant command tank (on display in the atrium at the Museum's London branch), his command caravans as used in North West Europe (on display at IWM Duxford), and his papers are held by the Museum's Department of Documents. The Museum maintains a permanent exhibition about Montgomery, entitled Monty: Master of the Battlefield.[91]
The Field Marshal Montgomery Pipe Band from Northern Ireland is named after him.[92]
His Rolls Royce staff car is on display at the Royal Logistic Corps Museum, Deepcut, Surrey.[93]
The Montgomery cocktail is a martini mixed at a ratio of 15:1, facetiously named that because Montgomery supposedly refused to go into battle unless his numerical advantage was at least that high.[94] Following severe internal injuries received in the First World War, Montgomery himself could neither smoke nor drink.[72]
Honours and awards[link]
- Viscount (UK, December 1945)
- Knight of the Order of the Garter (UK, 1946)[95]
- Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (UK, 1945)[96] KCB – 11 November 1942,[65] CB – 11 July 1940[97]
- Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (UK, 1914)[21]
- Mentioned in Despatches (UK, 17 February 1915, 4 January 1917, 11 December 1917, 20 May 1918, 20 December 1918, 5 July 1919, 15 July 1939, 24 June 1943,[98] 13 January 1944[99])
- Distinguished Service Medal (USA, 1947)[100]
- Chief Commander of the Legion of Merit (USA, 10 August 1943)[66]
- Member of the Order of Victory (USSR, 21 June 1945)[101]
- 1st class of the Order of Suvorov (USSR, 16 January 1947)
- Croix de Guerre (France, 1919)[102]
- Knight of the Order of the Elephant (Denmark, 2 August 1945)[103]
- Grand Commander of the Order of George I (Greece, 20 June 1944)[104]
- Silver Cross (V Class) of the Virtuti Militari (Poland, 31 October 1944)[105]
- Grand Cross of the Order of the White Lion (Czechoslovakia, 1947)[106]
- Grand Cordon of the Seal of Solomon (Ethiopia, 1949)[107]
- Grand Officer with Palm of the Order of Leopold II (Belgium, 1947)[108]
- Croix de Guerre 1940 with Palm (Belgium)[108]
- Grand Cross of the Order of the Dutch Lion (Netherlands, 16 January 1947)[109]
- Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav (Norway) (1951)[110]
- Médaille militaire (France, 1958)
- Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour (France, May 1945)
- War Cross 1939 (Czechoslovakia, 1947)
Viscount Montgomery's ribbons as they would appear today, not including campaign or other awards.
Quotations[link]
 |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Bernard Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein |
- "The US has broken the second rule of war. That is, don't go fighting with your land army on the mainland of Asia. Rule One is don't march on Moscow. I developed these two rules myself."
- (spoken of the US approach to the Vietnam War) Quoted in Chalfont's Montgomery of Alamein.[111]
- "Well, now I must go to meet God and try to explain all those men I killed at Alamein."
- (Field Marshal Montgomery in 1976 quoted in The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition)
See also[link]
- Afrika Korps
- M. E. Clifton James (Montgomery's double during the war)
- Tex Banwell (another double)
- Famous military commanders
- Irish military diaspora
- North African Campaign
- Panzer Army Africa
- Western Desert Campaign
Notes[link]
Explanatory notes[link]
- ^ For a full discussion see Pogue, Forrest C. (1954). "Chapter XX. Winter Counteroffensives". United States Army in World War II. European Theater of Operations: The Supreme Command. Washington DC: U.S. Department of the Army. CMH Pub. 7-1. http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-E-Supreme/USA-E-Supreme-20.html.
Citations[link]
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 40729. p. 1504. 9 March 1956. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37983. p. 2663. 10 June 1947. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 41182. p. 5545. 20 September 1957. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37589. p. 2665. 31 May 1946. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 42240. p. 24. 30 December 1960. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37826. p. 6236. 20 December 1946. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 43160. p. 9424. 15 November 1963. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 41599. p. 166. 6 January 1959. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Various Authors (1969). Illustrated Story of World War II. The Reader's Digest Association, inc.. pp. 284. ISBN 0-89577-029-6.
- ^ Hamilton (entry author). Dictionary of National Biography. XXXVIII. p. 324.
- ^ Hamilton, p. 3 (1981)
- ^ Montgomery. Bishop Montgomery.
- ^ Hamilton, p. 31 (1981)
- ^ Hamilton, p. 5 (1981)
- ^ Chalfont, p. 29 (1976)
- ^ Bierman & Smith, p. 223 (2002)
- ^ Hamilton, p. 36 (1981)
- ^ London Gazette: no. 28178. p. 6762. 18 September 1908. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 28382. p. 3996. 7 June 1910. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Bierman & Smith, p. 224 (2002)
- ^ a b London Gazette: no. 28992. p. 10188. 1 December 1914. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 29080. p. 1833. 23 February 1915. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 30884. p. 10505. 3 September 1918. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 31585. p. 12398. 3 October 1919. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 31799. p. 2406. 27 February 1920. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 32207. p. 760. 26 January 1921. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Sheehan. British Voices, pp. 151–52
- ^ London Gazette: no. 33083. p. 5972. 11 September 1925. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 33128. p. 691. 29 January 1926. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 33460. p. 617. 25 January 1929. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ the Peerage,com
- ^ London Gazette: no. 33681. p. 378. 16 January 1931. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 34067. p. 4340. 6 July 1934. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 34075. p. 4975. 3 August 1934. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Harrison, p. 104 (2004)
- ^ London Gazette: no. 34426. p. 5181. 13 August 1937. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 34426. p. 5178. 13 August 1937. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Bierman & Smith, p. 227 (2002)
- ^ London Gazette: no. 34566. p. 6814. 1 November 1938. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 34566. p. 6815. 1 November 1938. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Bierman & Smith, p. 226 (2002)
- ^ Lord, Walter (1999). The Miracle of Dunkirk. London: TheViking Press. ISBN 1-85326-685-X.
- ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- ^ Bierman & Smith, p. 228 (2002)
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 34909. p. 4660. 26 July 1940. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Bierman & Smith, pp. 229–30 (2002)
- ^ a b Mead, p. 303.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 35397. p. 7369. 26 December 1941. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
- ^ Playfair, Vol. III, pp. 367–369.
- ^ Winston Churchill, The Second World War, vol. 4: The Hinge of Fate, 1986, p. 420. According to J. Toland, Battle: The Story of the Bulge, 1959, p. 157, this conversation was with Churchill's chief of staff Hastings Ismay, 1st Baron Ismay, beginning with Montgomery saying to Ismay, "It's a sad thing that a professional soldier can reach the peak of generalship and then suffer a reverse which ruins his career."
- ^ a b Playfair, Vol. III, p. 370.
- ^ Correlli Barnett, The Desert Generals, New York: Viking Press, 1961, p.265.
- ^ a b Moorehead, Alan, Montgomery, pp. 118–27 (1946)
- ^ Winston Churchill, The Second World War, v.4 pp. 546–48
- ^ Playfair, Vol. III, p. 388.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 35746. p. 4481. 13 October 1942. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Churchill, p. 588
- ^ Playfair, Vol IV, pp. 13–14.
- ^ Playfair, Vol IV, p. 9.
- ^ Playfair, Vol. IV, p. 16.
- ^ Playfair, Vol. IV, p. 78.
- ^ Playfair, Vol. IV, p. 79.
- ^ Moorehead, pp. 140–41
- ^ Churchill, p. 591
- ^ a b London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 35782. p. 4917. 10 November 1942. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ a b London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 36125. p. 3579. 6 August 1943. Retrieved 1 August 2008.
- ^ Mead, p. 306.
- ^ Montgomery and "colossal cracks": the 21st Army Group in northwest Europe By Stephen Hart, p.8
- ^ D'Este, p. 202 (1983)
- ^ a b Weigley, Russell F., "Eisenhower's Lieutenants: The Campaign of France and Germany 1944-1945, volume I, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana, 1981,ISBN ????, page 253
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 36680. p. 4055. 29 August 1944. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ a b Michael Lee Lanning, James F. (FRW) Dunnigan. The Military 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Leaders of All Time. Citadel Press. p. 235.
- ^ Patrick Delaforce, The Battle of the Bulge – Hitler's Final Gamble[page needed] (2004)
- ^ a b c Mead, p.309.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37407. p. 1. 28 December 1945. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Mead, p. 109.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 39352. p. 5221. 9 October 1951. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 41508. p. 5954. 26 September 1958. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Sir Winston Churchill Gets The Winkle In Ceremony at Hastings. Pathe News
- ^ History of Viscount Montgomery School
- ^ Hamilton, "The Full Monty" (2002), p. 169.
- ^ Robert Andrews. The Columbia dictionary of quotations. Columbia University Press. p. 419. ISBN 0-380-70932-5.
- ^ Hamilton, "The Full Monty" (2002), pages. xv–xxii, 167-70 and a major theme throughout much of the book.
- ^ Colin F. Baxter, "Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1887–1976: a selected bibliography", p.121
- ^ Horne, "Monty: the Lonely Leader" (1994), p. 348.
- ^ According to La Repubblica, 22 February 1992 the challenge actually came from Vincenzo Caputo, a Sicilian Lawyer.
- ^ Biograph at NNDB
- ^ Bernard Law Montgomery at Find a Grave
- ^ NPG L165 Portrait of Montgomery
- ^ In pictures: Tribute to Montgomery
- ^ Monty: Master of the Battlefield
- ^ Field Marshal Montgomery Pipe Band history
- ^ RLC Museum publicity leaflet/website.
- ^ John Taylor (19 October 1987). The Trouble With Harry's. New York Magazine. p. 62.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37807. p. 5945. 3 December 1946. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37119. p. 2935. 8 June 1945. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 34893. p. 4244. 9 July 1940. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 36065. p. 2853. 22 June 1943. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 36327. p. 258. 11 January 1944. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37853. p. 323. 14 January 1947. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37138. p. 3244. 19 June 1945. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 31109. p. 314. 3 January 1919. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37204. p. 3962. 31 July 1945. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 36569. p. 2913. 16 June 1944. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 36769. p. 4963. 27 October 1944. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37853. p. 327. 14 January 1947. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 38571. p. 1529. 25 March 1949. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ a b London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37853. p. 324. 14 January 1947. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37853. p. 327. 14 January 1947. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 39282. p. 3753. 10 July 1951. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
- ^ Chalfont, (1976)[page needed]
References[link]
- Barnett, Corelli (1960). The Desert Generals. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-35280-7.
- Brereton, Lewis. The Brereton Diaries: The War in the Air in the Pacific, Middle East and Europe, 3 October 1941–8 May 1945.. Morrow. ISBN 0-306-70766-7.
- Bierman, John & Smith, Colin. Alamein: War without hate. Penguin Group. 2002 ISBN 0-670-91109-7
- Brighton, Terry, Masters of Battle: Monty, Patton and Rommel at War, Penguin, 2009. ISBN 978-0-14-102985-6
- Bungay, Stephen, Alamein, Auram, 2002. ISBN 978-1-85410-929-3
- Chalfont, Arthur Gwynne Jones, Montgomery of Alamein, Atheneum, 1976. ISBN 978-0-689-10744-3
- D'Este, Carlo. Decision in Normandy: The Unwritten Story of Montgomery and the Allied Campaign. London: William Collins Sons, 1983. ISBN 0-00-217056-6.
- Dixon, Norman, On the Psychology of Military Incompetence, Pimlico, 1976. ISBN 978-0-7126-5889-8
- Fraser, David, And We Shall Shock Them: The British Army in World War II, Sceptre, 1988. ISBN 978-0-340-42637-1
- Hamilton, Nigel (2001). The Full Monty: Montgomery of Alamein 1887–1942. London: Allen Lane. ISBN 0-7139-9334-0.
- Hamilton, Nigel (1981). Monty: The Making of a General. London: Hamish Hamilton Ltd. ISBN 0-241-10583-8.
- Hamilton, Nigel (1984). Monty: Master of the Battlefield. London: Hamish Hamilton Ltd. ISBN 978-0-241-11104-8.
- Hamilton, Nigel (1986). Monty: The Field-Marshal 1944–1976. London: Hamish Hamilton Ltd. ISBN 0-241-11838-7.
- Harrison, Mark (2004). Medicine and Victory: British Military Medicine in the Second World War. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-926859-2.
- Hart, Stephen (2007). Colossal Cracks: Montgomery's 21st Army Group in Northwest Europe, 1944–45. Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-3383-0.
- Heathcote, Tony, The British Field Marshals 1736–1997, Pen & Sword Books Ltd, 1999. ISBN 0-85052-696-5
- Hastings, Max, Armageddon: The Battle for Germany, 1944–1945, Knopf, 2004. ISBN 0-375-41433-9
- Jordan, Jonathan W (2011). Brothers Rivals Victors: Eisenhower, Patton, Bradley, and the Partnership That Drove the Allied Conquest in Europe. NAL. ISBN 978-0-451-23212-0
- Lattimer, Jon, Alamein, John Murray, 2002. ISBN 978-0-674-01376-6
- McKee, Alexander, Caen: Anvil of Victory, 1984. ISBN 978-0-333-38313-1
- Mead, Richard (2007). Churchill's Lions: A biographical guide to the key British generals of World War II. Stroud (UK): Spellmount. ISBN 978-1-86227-431-0.
- Montgomery, Maud (1933). Bishop Montgomery: A Memoir. London: Society for the Propagation of the Gospel.
- Neillands, Robin, The Battle for the Rhine 1944, 2005. ISBN 978-1-59020-028-5
- Playfair, Major-General I.S.O.; with Flynn, Captain F.C. (R.N.); Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:1960]. Butler, Sir James. ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes reach their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-067-X.
- Playfair, Major-General I.S.O.; Molony, Brigadier C.J.C.; with Flynn, Captain F.C. (R.N.) & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:1966]. Butler, Sir James. ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume IV: The Destruction of the Axis Forces in Africa. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-068-8.
- Ryan, Cornelius (1974). A Bridge Too Far. Hodder. ISBN 0-684-80330-5.
- Sheehan, William, British Voices from the Irish War of Independence, 2005. ISBN 978-1-905172-37-5
- Schultz, James. A framework for military decision making under risks. Thesis, Air University, Maxwell Airforce Base, Alabama, 1998.
- Weigley, Russel F., Eisenhower's Lieutenants, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1981. ISBN 0-253-13333-5
Primary sources[link]
- Alanbrooke, Field Marshal Lord (2001). Danchev, Alex; Todman, Daniel. eds. War Diaries 1939–1945. London: Phoenix Press. ISBN 1-84212-526-5.
- Brett-James, Anthony (1984). Conversations with Montgomery. Irwin. ISBN 978-0-7183-0531-4.
- Eisenhower, Dwight D. (1948). Crusade in Europe. London: William Heinemann. ISBN 0-306-70768-3. OCLC 219971286.
- Montgomery, Bernard Law (2000) [1972]. A Concise History of Warfare. Wordsworth Military Library. Ware: Wordsworth Editions. ISBN 978-1-84022-223-4.
- Montgomery, Bernard Law (1961). The Path to Leadership. London: Collins. ISBN 81-8158-128-8. OCLC 464095648.
- Montgomery, Bernard (2008). Brooks, Stephen. ed. Montgomery and the Battle of Normandy: A Selection from the Diaries, Correspondence and Other Papers of Field Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, January to August 1944. Army Records Society series, 27. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7509-5123-4.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bernard Montgomery |
- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein
- Biography of Montgomery at the Jewish Virtual Library
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Geoffrey Raikes |
Commander, 9th Infantry Brigade 5 August 1937 – 28 October 1938 |
Succeeded by William Robb |
| New title Division reformed
|
Commander, 8th Infantry Division 28 October 1938 – 23 August 1939 |
Succeeded by Reade Godwin-Austen |
| Preceded by Denis Bernard |
GOC, 3rd (Iron) Division 28 August 1939 – 21 July 1940 |
Succeeded by James Gammell |
| Preceded by Sir Alan Brooke |
GOC, II Corps, British Expeditionary Force 30 May 1940 – 1 June 1940 |
Succeeded by Edmund Osborne |
| Preceded by Sir Claude Auchinleck |
GOC, V Corps 22 July 1940 – 1 April 1941 |
Succeeded by Sir Edmond Schreiber |
| Preceded by Andrew Thorne |
GOC, XII Corps 1 April 1941 – 17 November 1941 |
Succeeded by James Gammell |
| Preceded by Bernard Paget |
GOC-in-C, South-Eastern Command 17 November 1941 – 7 August 1942 |
Succeeded by John Swayne |
| Preceded by Sir Claude Auchinleck |
GOC-in-C, Eighth Army 13 August 1942 – 31 December 1943 |
Succeeded by Sir Oliver Leese |
| Preceded by Sir Bernard Paget |
GOC-in-C, 21st Army Group January 1944 – August 1945 |
Succeeded by Post Disbanded |
| New title New command
|
Commander-in-Chief of the British Army of the Rhine 1945–1946 |
Succeeded by Sir Richard McCreery |
| Preceded by The Lord Alanbrooke |
Chief of the Imperial General Staff 1946–1948 |
Succeeded by Sir William Slim |
| Peerage of the United Kingdom | ||
| New creation | Viscount Montgomery of Alamein 1946–1976 |
Succeeded by David Montgomery |
|
||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Montgomery, Bernard Law |
| Alternative names | The Viscount Montgomery of Alamein |
| Short description | British Army officer, Commander of Allied forces at the Battle of El Alamein |
| Date of birth | 17 November 1887 |
| Place of birth | Kennington, London |
| Date of death | 24 March 1976 |
| Place of death | Alton, Hampshire |
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