Code division multiple access
Code division multiple access (CDMA) is a channel access method used by various radio communication technologies.
CDMA is an example of multiple access, where several transmitters can send information simultaneously over a single communication channel. This allows several users to share a band of frequencies (see bandwidth). To permit this without undue interference between the users, CDMA employs spread-spectrum technology and a special coding scheme (where each transmitter is assigned a code).
CDMA is used as the access method in many mobile phone standards such as cdmaOne, CDMA2000 (the 3G evolution of cdmaOne), and WCDMA (the 3G standard used by GSM carriers), which are often referred to as simply CDMA.
History
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IS-95
Interim Standard 95 (IS-95) was the first ever CDMA-based digital cellular technology. It was developed by Qualcomm and later adopted as a standard by the Telecommunications Industry Association in TIA/EIA/IS-95 release published in 1995. The proprietary name for IS-95 is cdmaOne.
It is a 2G mobile telecommunications standard that uses CDMA, a multiple access scheme for digital radio, to send voice, data and signaling data (such as a dialed telephone number) between mobile telephones and cell sites.
CDMA or "code division multiple access" is a digital radio system that transmits streams of bits (PN codes). CDMA permits several radios to share the same frequencies. Unlike TDMA "time division multiple access", a competing system used in 2G GSM, all radios can be active all the time, because network capacity does not directly limit the number of active radios. Since larger numbers of phones can be served by smaller numbers of cell-sites, CDMA-based standards have a significant economic advantage over TDMA-based standards, or the oldest cellular standards that used frequency-division multiplexing.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
CDMA2000
CDMA2000 (also known as C2K or IMT Multi‑Carrier (IMT‑MC)) is a family of 3G mobile technology standards for sending voice, data, and signaling data between mobile phones and cell sites. It is developed by 3GPP2 as a backwards-compatible successor to second-generation cdmaOne (IS-95) set of standards and used especially in North America and South Korea.
CDMA2000 compares to UMTS, a competing set of 3G standards, which is developed by 3GPP and used in Europe, Japan, and China.
The name CDMA2000 denotes a family of standards that represent the successive, evolutionary stages of the underlying technology. These are:
All are approved radio interfaces for the ITU's IMT-2000. In the United States, CDMA2000 is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA-USA).
1X
CDMA2000 1X (IS-2000), also known as 1x and 1xRTT, is the core CDMA2000 wireless air interface standard. The designation "1x", meaning 1 times Radio Transmission Technology, indicates the same radio frequency (RF) bandwidth as IS-95: a duplex pair of 1.25 MHz radio channels. 1xRTT almost doubles the capacity of IS-95 by adding 64 more traffic channels to the forward link, orthogonal to (in quadrature with) the original set of 64. The 1X standard supports packet data speeds of up to 153 kbit/s with real world data transmission averaging 80–100 kbit/s in most commercial applications. IMT-2000 also made changes to the data link layer for greater use of data services, including medium and link access control protocols and QoS. The IS-95 data link layer only provided "best efforts delivery" for data and circuit switched channel for voice (i.e., a voice frame once every 20 ms).
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CDMA
ALBUMS
- Allkore Riot Squad, Volume 1 released: 2009
Allkore Riot Squad, Volume 1
Released 2009- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen Vol. 1
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen 月光の終わり
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen White Reflection
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen Getter Line
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen All Star Core
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen Heart 2009
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen Don't Give Up!
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen euphoric field (Final Shaft Remix)
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen First Day of Summer (立夏)
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen Be Water
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen Rogue 990
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen Doggyman
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen Ondervinden
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen 完
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen Dark Elusory
- add to main playlist Play in Full Screen YKSX
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Lyrics list:lyrics
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But Strong Together, Quidam
play karaoke -
Blackbird, Quidam
play karaoke -
Kinds Of Solitude At Night, Quidam
play karaoke -
We Are Alone Together, Quidam
play karaoke -
We Lost, Quidam
play karaoke -
They Are There To Remind Us, Quidam
play karaoke -
The Fifth Season, Quidam
play karaoke -
Queen Of Moulin Rouge, Quidam
play karaoke -
One Day We Find, Quidam
play karaoke -
Of Illusions, Quidam
play karaoke -
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But Strong Together
I'm so excited
we'll surely make it to the top
with music that we make
I'm so delighted
can't wait to read you're loving it
that's how it's got to be
then a slap in the face
you took it apart
I think I might break down and cry
I feel so defeated
in your eyes
I see my demise
the anchor you cast
and now I'm going down
dig a grave for me please
they're preying on me
don't ask me to approve of that
don't think I will consent
they want to destroy me
go ahead and try
do your best
you're always right
again a slap in the face
you took it apart
I think I might break down and cry
I feel so defeated
in your eyes
I see my demise
the anchor you cast
and now I'm going down
dig a grave for me please
the only thing I want to say
is that we're strong together
and I don't care what you claim
it must be whiteout in your brain
and you can't see clearly
XL Smartfren Merger, Bos FREN: CDMA Telah Berakhir, Integrasi Lebih Mudah
Edit Bisnis Indonesia 12 Dec 2024- 1
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