Paul Murray may refer to:

Paul Murray (radio presenter), presenter on Australian radio station 2UE

Paul Murray (journalist), journalist and former editor of ''The West Australian'' newspaper

Paul Murray (author) (born 1975), Irish author of the book ''An Evening of Long Goodbyes''

Paul Murray (poet) (born 1947), Irish poet

Paul Murray (musician), Canadian musician, member of the band Sandbox

Paul Murray (footballer) (born 1976), English football player

Paul Murray (skier) (born 1977), cross-country skier representing Australia at the 2006 Winter Olympics

See also

Pauli Murray (Anna Pauline Murray, 1910–1985), African American civil-rights advocate, feminist, lawyer, writer, poet, teacher, and ordained Episcopal priest

Coordinates	12°2′36″N77°1′42″N
Name	Kevin Gerard Barry
Birth date	January 20, 1902
Birth place	8 Fleet Street, Dublin
Death date
Death place	at Mountjoy Jail, Dublin
Other names	''Caoimhín de Barra'' (Irish)
Known for	Executed IRA volunteer : One of The Forgotten Ten
Occupation	Medical Student
Nationality	Irish }}

Kevin Gerard Barry (; 20 January 1902 – 1 November 1920) was the first Republican to be executed by the British since the leaders of the Easter Rising. Barry was sentenced to death for his part in an IRA operation which resulted in the deaths of three British soldiers.

Barry's death is considered a watershed moment in the Irish conflict. His execution outraged public opinion in Ireland and throughout the world, because of his youth. The timing of his death was also crucial, in that his hanging came only days after the death on hunger strike of Terence MacSwiney - the Republican Lord Mayor of Cork – and brought public opinion to fever-pitch. His treatment and death attracted great international attention and attempts were made by U.S., British, and Vatican officials to secure a reprieve. His execution and MacSwiney's death precipitated a dramatic escalation in violence as the Irish War of Independence entered its most bloody phase.

Because of his refusal to inform on his comrades while under torture, Kevin Barry was to become one of the most celebrated of Republican martyrs. A ballad bearing his name, relating the story of his execution, is popular to this day.

Early life

Kevin Barry was born on 20 January 1902, at 8 Fleet Street Dublin. The son of Thomas and Mary (née Dowling) Barry, he was the fourth of seven children, two boys and five sisters. He was baptised in St. Andrews Church, Westland Row. Thomas Barry Snr. worked on the family farm at Tombeagh, Hacketstown, County Carlow, and ran a dairy business from Fleet Street. Thomas died in 1908 at the age of 56.

His mother came from Drumguin, also in County Carlow, and on the death of her husband, moved the family to Tombeagh. As a child Kevin liked country life, and went to the national school in Rathvilly. On returning to Dublin, he attended St. Mary’s College, Rathmines, until the school closed in the summer of 1916.

When he was thirteen, he attended a commemoration for the Manchester Martyrs. The three men, members of the Fenian Brotherhood, were hanged in England in 1867, and whose cry of “God Save Ireland,” had a strong effect on him. Afterwards he wished to join Constance Markievicz's Fianna na hEireann, but was dissuaded by his family.

Belvedere College

From St. Mary’s College he then transferred to Belvedere College, where he was a member of the championship Junior Rugby Cup team, and earned a place on the senior team. In 1918 he became secretary of the school hurling club which had just been formed, and was one of their most enthusiastic players.

Father Thomas Counihan, S.J., his science and mathematics teacher, said of him: “He was a dour kind of lad. But once he got down to something he went straight ahead… There was no waving of flags with him, but he was sincere and intense.”

Notwithstanding his many activities, he did not neglect his studies. He won a merit-based scholarship given annually by Dublin Corporation, which allowed him to become a student of medicine at UCD.

Medical student

He entered University College Dublin in 1919. A fellow student described him then as “open-handed, open-hearted and generous to a fault and first in every manly exercise.” Much like other students, he liked to go dancing and to the theatre, and was popular, making friends easily. His closest friend at college was Gerry MacAleer, from Dungannon, whom he had first met in Belvedere. Other friends included Frank Flood, Tom Kissane and Mick Robinson, who, unknown to many in the college, were, along with Barry, IRA volunteers.

Volunteer activities

In October 1917, during his second year at Belvedere College, aged 15, he joined the IRA. Assigned originally to ‘C’ Company 1st Battalion, based on the north side of Dublin, he later transferred to the newly formed ‘H’ Company, under the command of Capt. Seamus Kavanagh. His first job as a member of the IRA was delivering mobilisation orders around the city. Along with other volunteers he trained in a number of locations in Dublin, including the building at 44 Parnell Square, the present day headquarters of Sinn Féin, now named Kevin Barry Hall. The IRA held Field exercises during this period which were conducted in north county Dublin and in areas such as Finglas.

The following year, at the age of 16, he was introduced by Seán O’Neill and Bob O’Flanagan to the Clarke Luby Club of the IRB, which had been reorganised.

He took part in a number of IRA operations in the years leading up to his capture. He was part of the unit which raided the Shamrock Works for weapons destined to be handed over to the R.I.C. He also took part in the raid on Mark’s of Capel Street, looking for ammunition and explosives. On 1 June 1920, under Vice-Commandant Peadar Clancy, he played a notable part in the seizing of the King’s Inn, capturing the garrison’s arms. The haul included 25 rifles, two light machine guns and large quantities of ammunition. The 25 British soldiers captured during the attack were released as the volunteers withdrew. In recognition of his dedication to duty he was promoted to Section Commander.

Ambush

On the morning of 20 September 1920, Kevin Barry went to Mass, and received Holy Communion; he then joined a party of IRA volunteers on Bolton Street in Dublin. Their orders were to ambush a British army truck as it picked up a delivery of bread from the bakery, and capture their weapons. The ambush was scheduled for 11:00 A.M., which gave him enough time to take part in the operation and return to class in time for an examination he had at 2:00 P.M. The truck arrived late, and was under the command of Sergeant Banks.

Armed with a .38 Mauser Parabellum, Barry and members of C Company were to surround the truck, disarm the soldiers, take the weapons, and escape. He covered the back of the truck, and when challenged, the five soldiers complied with the order to lay down their weapons. A shot was then fired; Terry Golway, author of ''For the Cause of Liberty'', suggests it was possibly a warning shot from an uncovered soldier in the front. Barry and the rest of the ambush party then opened fire. His gun jammed twice, and he dived for cover under the truck. His comrades fled, and he was left behind. He was then spotted, and arrested by the soldiers. One of the soldiers, Pte. Harold Washington, had been shot dead. Two others, Pte. Marshall Whitehead and Thomas Humphries were both badly wounded. Both later died of their wounds.

The British Army released the following statement on Monday afternoon:

This morning a party of one N.C.O. and six men of the Duke of Wellington’s Regiment were fired on by a body of civilians outside a bakery in Church Street, Dublin. One soldier was killed and four were wounded. A piquet of the Lancashire Fusiliers in the vicinity, hearing the shots, hurried to their comrades’ assistance, and succeeded in arresting one of the aggressors. No arms or equipment were lost by the soldiers.

Much was made of Barry’s age by the Irish newspapers, but the British military were to point out that the three soldiers who had been killed were “much the same age as Barry.” On 20 October, Major Reginald Ingram Marians OBE, Head of the Press Section of the General Staff, informed Basil Clarke, Head of Publicity, that Washington was “only 19 and that the other soldiers were of similar ages.” General Macready, was well aware of the “propaganda value of the soldier’s ages.” General Macready informed General Sir Henry Wilson on the day that sentence was pronounced “of the three men who were killed by him (Barry) and his friends two were 19 and one 20 — official age so probably they were younger... so if you want propaganda there you are.”

On this period M.A. Doherty was to write:

from the British point of view, therefore, the Anglo-Irish propaganda war was probably unwinable. Nationalist Ireland had decided that men like Kevin Barry fought to free their country, while British soldiers—young or not—sought to withhold that freedom. In these circumstances, to label Barry a murderer was merely to add insult to injury. The contrasting failure of British propaganda is graphically demonstrated by the simple fact that even in British newspapers Privates Whitehead, Washington and Humphries remained faceless names and numbers, for whom no songs were written.”

Capture and torture

Kevin Barry was placed in the back of the lorry with the body of Pte. Harold Washington, and was subjected to some abuse by Pte. Washington's comrades. He was transported then to the North Dublin Union.

On arrival at the barracks he was taken under military police escort to the defaulters’ room where he was searched and handcuffed. A short while later, three sergeants of the Lancashire Fusiliers and two officers began the interrogation. He gave his name and an address of 58 South Circular Road, Dublin (in reality his uncle's address), and his occupation as a medical student, but refused to answer any other questions. The officers continued to demand the names of all involved in the ambush.

At this time a publicity campaign was mounted by Sinn Féin. Barry received orders on 28 October from his brigade commander, Richard McKee, "to make a sworn affidavit concerning his torture in the North Dublin Union." Arrangements were made to deliver this through Barry's sister, Kathy, to Desmond Fitzgerald, director of publicity for Sinn Féin, "with the object of having it published in the World press, and particularly in the English papers, on Saturday 30th October."

The affidavit, drawn up in Mountjoy Prison days before his execution, describes his treatment when the question of names was repeated:

He tried to persuade me to give the names, and I persisted in refusing. He then sent the sergeant out of the room for a bayonet. When it was brought in the sergeant was ordered by the same officer to point the bayonet at my stomach. . . The sergeant then said that he would run the bayonet into me if I did not tell. . . The same officer then said to me that if I persisted in my attitude he would turn me out to the men in the barrack square, and he supposed I knew what that meant with the men in their present temper. I said nothing. He ordered the sergeants to put me face down on the floor and twist my arm. . . When I lay on the floor, one of the sergeants knelt on my back, the other two placed one foot each on my back and left shoulder, and the man who knelt on me twisted my right arm, holding it by the wrist with one hand, while he held my hair with the other to pull back my head. The arm was twisted from the elbow joint. This continued, to the best of my judgment, for five minutes. It was very painful. . . I still persisted in refusing to answer these questions. . . A civilian came in and repeated the questions, with the same result. He informed me that if I gave all the information I knew I could get off.

On 28 October, the ''Irish Bulletin'', a news-sheet produced by Dáil Éireann's Department of Publicity, published Barry's statement alleging torture, which had been organised by Dick McKee, the IRA Commandant of the Dublin Brigade. The headline of the paper read: ''English Military Government Torture a Prisoner of War and are about to Hang him''. The ''Irish Bulletin'' claimed that Barry was a prisoner of war, suggesting a conflict of principles was at the heart of the conflict. The English did not recognise a war existed and treated all killings by the IRA as murder; the Irish republicans claimed that they were at war and it was being fought between two opposing nations and therefore demanded prisoner of war status. John Ainsworth has pointed out though that Barry had been captured by the British not as a uniformed soldier but disguised as a civilian and in possession of flat-nosed ammunition in his pistol, in breach of the Hague Convention. Erskine Childers addressed this question of political status in a letter to the press on 29 October, which was published the day after Barry’s execution.

Trial

The War Office ordered that Kevin Barry be tried by court-martial under the ‘Restoration of Order in Ireland Act,’ which had received Royal Assent on 9 August 1920. General Sir Nevil Macready, Commander-in-Chief of British forces in Ireland then nominated a court of nine officers under a Brigadier-General Onslow. On 20 October, at 10 o’clock, the nine officers of the court — ranging in rank from Brigadier to Lieutenant — took their places at an elevated table. At 10.25, Kevin Barry was brought into the room by a military escort. Then Seán Ó hUadhaigh sought a short adjournment to consult his client. The court granted this request. After the short adjournment Barry announced “As a soldier of the Irish Republic, I refuse to recognise the court.” Brigadier Onslow explained the prisoner’s “perilous situation” and that he was being tried on a capital charge. He did not reply. Seán Ó hUadhaigh then rose to tell the court that since his client did not recognise the authority of the court he himself could take no further part in the proceedings.

He was charged on three counts of the murder of Pte. Marshall Whitehead. One of the bullets taken from Whitehead’s body was of .45 calibre, while all witnesses stated that Barry was armed with a .38 Mauser Parabellum. The Judge Advocate General informed the court that the Crown had only to prove that the accused was one of the party that killed three British soldiers, and every member of the party was technically guilty of murder.

In accordance with military procedure the verdict was not announced in court. He was returned to Mountjoy, and at about 8 o’clock that night, the district court-martial officer entered his cell and read out the sentence: death by hanging. The public learned on 28 October that the date of execution had been fixed for 1 November.

Execution

Kevin Barry spent the last day of his life preparing for death. His ordeal focussed world attention on Ireland. According to Sean Cronin, author of ''Kevin Barry'', he hoped for a firing squad rather than the gallows, due to the fact that he had been condemned by a military court. A friend who visited him in Mountjoy prison after he received confirmation of the death sentence, said:

He is meeting death as he met life with courage but with nothing of the braggart. He does not believe that he is doing anything wonderfully heroic. Again and again he has begged that no fuss be made about him.

He reported Barry as saying "It is nothing, to give one’s life for Ireland. I’m not the first and maybe I won’t be the last. What’s my life compared with the cause?”

He joked about his death with his sister Kathy. “Well, they are not going to let me like a soldier fall… But I must say they are going to hang me like a gentleman.” This was, according to Cronin, a reference to George Bernard Shaw’s ''The Devil’s Disciple'', the last play Kevin and his sister had seen together.

On 31 October, he was allowed three visits of three people each, the last of which was taken by his mother, brother and sisters. In addition to the two Auxiliaries with him, there were five or six warders in the boardroom. As his family were leaving, they met Canon John Waters, on the way in, who said, “This boy does not seem to realise he is going to die in the morning.” Mrs Barry asked him what he meant. He said: “He is so gay and light-hearted all the time. If he fully realised it, he would be overwhelmed.” Mrs Barry replied, “Canon Waters, I know you are not a Republican. But is it impossible for you to understand that my son is actually proud to die for the Republic?” Canon Waters became somewhat flustered as they parted. The Barry family recorded that they were upset by this encounter because they considered the chief chaplain “the nearest thing to a friend that Kevin would see before his death, and he seemed so alien.” Kevin Barry was hanged on 1 November, after hearing two Masses in his cell. Father Waters, who walked with him to the scaffold, wrote to Barry’s mother later, “You are the mother, my dear Mrs. Barry, of one of the bravest and best boys I have ever known. His death was one of the most holy, and your dear boy is waiting for you now, beyond the reach of sorrow or trial.”

Dublin Corporation met on the Monday, and passed a vote of sympathy with the Barry family, and adjourned the meeting as a mark of respect. The Chief Secretary’s office in Dublin Castle, on the Monday night, released the following communiqué:

The sentence of death by hanging passed by court-martial upon Kevin Barry, or Berry, medical student, aged 18½ years, for the murder of Pte. Whitehead in Dublin on September 20, was duly executed this morning at Mountjoy Prison, Dublin.

At a military court of inquiry, held subsequently in lieu of an inquest, medical evidence was given to the effect that death was instantaneous. The court found that the sentence had been carried out in accordance with law.

The body of Kevin Barry was buried at 1.30 p.m, in a plot near the women’s prison. His comrade and fellow-student Frank Flood was buried alongside him four months later. A plain cross marked their graves and those of Patrick Moran, Thomas Whelan, Thomas Traynor, Patrick Doyle, Thomas Bryan, Bernard Ryan, Edmond Foley and Patrick Maher. who were also hanged in the same prison for their part in the War of Independence before the Treaty of July 1921. They became known in Republican circles as The Forgotten Ten.

On 14 October 2001, the remains of Kevin Barry and these nine other volunteers, were given a state funeral and moved from Mountjoy Prison to be re-interred at Glasnevin Cemetery in Dublin.

Aftermath

The only full-length biography of Kevin Barry was written by his nephew, the journalist Donal O'Donovan, and published in 1989 as ''Kevin Barry and his Time''.

Kevin Barry is remembered in a well-known song about his imprisonment and execution, written shortly after his death and still sung today. The tune to "Kevin Barry" was taken from the sea-shanty "Rolling Home"

World famous artists such as Leonard Cohen and Paul Robeson have covered the song.

Barry's execution also inspired Thomas MacGreevy's surrealist poem "Homage to Hieronymus Bosch". MacGreevy had unsuccessfully petitioned the Provost of Trinity College Dublin, John Henry Bernard, to make representations on Barry's behalf.

A commemorative stamp was issued by An Post to mark the 50th anniversary of Barry's death in 1970.

The University College Dublin branch of Fianna Fáil is named the Kevin Barry Cumann in his honour. Also a GAA club was named after him in county tyrone called Derrylaughan Kevin Barry's in the parish of clonoe.

In 1934 a large stained glass window commemorating Barry was unveiled in Earlsfort Terrace, then the principal campus of University College Dublin. It was designed by Richard King of the Harry Clarke Studio. In 2007 UCD completed its relocation to the Belfield campus some four miles away and a fund was collected by graduates to defray the cost (estimated at close to €250,000) of restoring and moving the window to this new location.

A grandnephew is the Irish historian Eunan O'Halpin.

References

External links

Article about Kevin Barry's life

The Incident at Monk’s Bakery

The lyrics to "The Ballad of Kevin Barry"

Some images and a short discussion of the ''Kevin Barry Memorial Window'', UCD.

Category:1902 births Category:1920 deaths Category:People from County Dublin Category:Burials at Glasnevin Cemetery Category:Irish Republican Army members (1917–1922) Category:20th-century executions by the United Kingdom Category:People executed by hanging Category:People killed in the Irish War of Independence Category:Executed Irish people Category:People executed by the British military

ga:Kevin Barry nl:Kevin Barry (IRA) sv:Kevin Barry

Coordinates	12°2′36″N77°1′42″N
name	鍾信Derek John Claremont Jones
birth date	2 July 1927
birth place	United Kingdom
death date	4 October 2008 (aged 81)
death place	St Agnes, Cornwall,United Kingdom
occupation	British and Hong Kong government official }}

Derek John Claremont Jones, CMG (, 2 July 1927 - 4 October 2008) was a British and Hong Kong government official and a Senior Fellow of the Trade Policy Research Centre in London. He originally served in the British civil service and was posted to the Hong Kong Government in 1971. In Hong Kong, he was the first to hold the post of Secretary for Economic Services under the reform in 1973 and had served as Secretary for the Environment, Secretary for Transport and Official Legislative Councillor before he was posted to Brussels serving as Minister for Hong Kong Relations with European Community and Member States in 1982. He subsequently retired from the government in 1986.

Early life

Jones was born in England, the United Kingdom on 2 July 1927 and was the eldest son of Albert Claremont Jones and Ethel Lilian Jones (née Hazell). He entered Colston School in Bristol and received further education in University of Bristol where he graduated with a BA degree. He later obtained a BSc degree with honours in economics in the London School of Economics and Political Science as well.

British Government

Jones had served in the Royal Air Force from 1946 to 1948 before he joined the British Civil Service in 1950. He was Economic Assistant in the Economic Section of the Cabinet Office from 1950 to 1953, a time when Sir Winston Churchill was still Prime Minister. From 1953 to 1955, he was posted to Paris serving as Second Secretary in the United Kingdom Delegation to the OEEC and NATO. After that, he returned to the homeland and became Assistant Principal of the Colonial Office from 1955 to 1957 and was later promoted as Principal of the Office from 1957 to 1966.

When the Colonial Office was abolished in 1966, Jones was transferred to the Commonwealth Office to serve as First Secretary. One year later, he was posted to the United Kingdom Mission in Geneva and became a Counsellor especially responsible for the trading affairs to Hong Kong.

Hong Kong Government

In 1971, Jones was transferred to the Hong Kong government and became Deputy Economic Secretary under the Economic Services Branch of the Colonial Secretariat.

In 1973, the Hong Kong Government, under Governor Sir Murray MacLehose (later Lord), reformed its organization according to the recommendations made in the ''McKinsey Report''. A new form of structure, nicknamed "Mini-Cabinet" by the local newspapers, was introduced that six new government posts were rearranged. They were namely the Secretary for Home Affairs, Secretary for Housing, Secretary for the Environment, Secretary for Social Services, Secretary for Security and Secretary for Economic Services. Jones was appointed for the post of Secretary for Economic Services in November 1973, and became the Secretary for the Environment in September 1976. In September 1981, he was appointed as the newly created Secretary for Transport. However, he had served for only a few months before he was posted to Brussels and served as Minister for Hong Kong Relations with European Community and Member States in early 1982. He was replaced by Peter Tsao in May 1986 and retired from the government.

When he was Secretary of the Government, Jones was responsible to a number of issues including the construction of Tsuen Wan Line of the MTR. Besides, he was also an Official Legislative Councillor from 1973 to 1982 and was member of various organizations and public bodies, such as the director of Kowloon Motor Bus, China Motor Bus and Hong Kong Industrial Estates Corporation, the chairman of the Advisory Committee on Environmental Protection, Transport Advisory Committee and Special Committee on Land Production and a member of the Oil Policy Committee. Jones was made Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in the New Years Honours of 1979 for his public services.

Later years

Jones was a Senior Fellow of the Trade Policy Research Centre in London from 1986 to 1990. Following that, he lived a quiet life in retirement. On 4 October 2008, he died peacefully in his sleep, after a short illness, in St Agnes, Cornwall. He was 81 and was buried in St Agnes Cemetery on 15 October.

Family

Jones had two marriages. He married Jean Cynthia Withams firstly in 1951. The couple had one son and two daughters. He married Kay Cecile Thewlis in his second marriage in 1970 and they had one son. Jones interests included travel, reading and conversation.

Conferment

Justice of the Peace (official )

Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG), 1979 New Year Honours)

See also

Cabinet Office

Colonial Office

Commonwealth Office

Hong Kong Government

Footnotes

References

External links

Tribute to Derek Jones

Category:1927 births Category:2008 deaths Category:Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George Category:Government officials of Hong Kong Category:Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong Category:Alumni of the University of Bristol Category:Alumni of the London School of Economics Category:Civil servants in the Cabinet Office Category:Civil servants in the Colonial Office Category:Civil servants in the Commonwealth Relations Office

zh:鍾信

Coordinates	12°2′36″N77°1′42″N
name	Murray Sabrin
school tradition	Austrian School of Economics
color	lightsteelblue
birth date	December 21, 1946
birth place	Bad Wörishofen, Germany
nationality
institution	Ramapo College of New Jersey
field	Financial economics
alma mater	Rutgers UniversityLehman CollegeHunter College
signature
repec prefix	| repec_id }}

Murray Sabrin (born December 21, 1946) is a professor of finance in the Anisfield School of Business, Ramapo College of New Jersey,. In 2008 he was a candidate for the Republican nomination for the United States Senate in New Jersey, the seat currently held by Democrat Frank Lautenberg. He lost in the Republican primary to Dick Zimmer, a former member of the House of Representatives.

Family, education, and affiliations

Sabrin was born in Bad Wörishofen, Germany on December 21, 1946. Sabrin's parents, being of Jewish ancestry, were among the only in his family tree to survive the Holocaust. Sabrin arrived in America with his older brother and parents in August 1949 and became a United States citizen in 1959. He lives with his wife of 39 years, Florence, in Fort Lee, New Jersey.

Sabrin has a Ph.D. in geography from Rutgers University, an M.A. in social studies education from Lehman College and a B.A. in history, geography and social studies education. Sabrin has worked in commercial real estate sales and marketing, personal portfolio management, and economic research.

Sabrin used to be executive director of the Center for Business and Public Policy at Ramapo College and the author of ''Tax Free 2000: The Rebirth of American Liberty''.

Policy advocacy and opinion writing

Sabrin's articles have appeared in ''The Record'' (Hackensack, New Jersey), ''The Star Ledger'', ''Trenton Times'', and the ''Asbury Park Press''. His essays have also appeared in Commerce Magazine, Mid-Atlantic Journal of Business, and Privatization Review, and LewRockwell.com. Sabrin is a contributing columnist for NJBIZ and writes a column on the economy for START-IT magazine. Sabrin is a regular columnist for ''NJVoices'' and ''USADaily''. He is writing a book on politics, the economy and culture titled ''Velvet Fascism: How the Political Elites Transformed America''.

Political career

Sabrin was the 1997 Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidate in New Jersey, and the first third party candidate to receive matching funds and participate in three official debates. He garnered 5% of the vote, a factor which contributed to the near-defeat of incumbent Governor Christine Todd Whitman (who had previously been viewed as a rising star in the national GOP) by Democratic nominee Jim McGreevey. Sabrin left the Libertarian Party, and was a candidate for the Republican Party nomination for the United States Senate representing New Jersey where he faced Republican state Senator Joseph Pennacchio and former Republican Congressman Dick Zimmer. Promoting limited government and nonintervention, he received endorsements from the Republican Liberty Caucus and U.S. Presidential candidate Ron Paul. He was defeated in the Republican primary, garnering 14% of the vote, behind Zimmer (46%) and Pennacchio (40%).

Books and articles authored

References

External links

Official 2008 Senate Campaign website USA Daily news organization

New Jersey-based regional web site

Murray Sabrin archives at LewRockwell.com

Category:1946 births Category:Living people Category:American academics Category:American columnists Category:American economists Category:American people of German-Jewish descent Category:Ramapo College faculty Category:American political writers Category:Jewish American writers Category:Libertarian economists Category:City University of New York alumni Category:People from Bergen County, New Jersey Category:Rutgers University alumni Category:New Jersey Republicans Category:New Jersey Libertarians