Drying is a mass transfer process consisting of the removal of water or another solvent by evaporation from a solid, semi-solid or liquid. This process is often used as a final production step before selling or packaging products. To be considered "dried", the final product must be solid, in the form of a continuous sheet (e.g. paper), long pieces (e.g. wood), particles (e.g. cereal grains or corn flakes) or powder (e.g. sand, salt, washing powder, milk powder). A source of heat, and an agent to remove the vapor produced by the process are necessary. In bioproducts like food, grains, and pharmaceuticals like vaccines, the solvent to be removed is almost invariably water.
In the most common case, a gas stream, e.g., air, applies the heat by convection and carries away the vapor as humidity. Other possibilities are vacuum drying, where heat is supplied by conduction or radiation (or microwaves) while the vapor thus produced is removed by the vacuum system. Another indirect technique is drum drying (used, for instance, for manufacturing potato flakes), where a heated surface is used to provide the energy and aspirators draw the vapor outside the room. In turn, the mechanical extraction of the solvent, e.g., water, by centrifugation, is not considered "drying".
Among Non-food products, those that require considerable drying are wood (as part of Timber processing), paper and washing powder. The first two, owing to their organic origins, may develop mold if insufficiently dried. Another benefit of drying is a reduction in volume and weight
Category:Thermodynamics Category:Separation processes
ar:تجفيف bg:Сушене bs:Sušenje ca:Assecatge cs:Sušení de:Trocknung fr:Séchage it:Essiccamento nl:Drogen nn:Tørking pt:Secagem fi:Haihdutus sv:Torkning zh:干燥This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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