Sandy's was the name of a chain of fast-food restaurants begun in 1956 by four business men from Kewanee, Illinois: Gus "Brick" Lundberg, Robert C. Wenger, Paul White and W. K. Davidson.

History[link]

Beginnings[link]

In 1956, the four men set out to start one of the first McDonald's franchises outside the McDonald brothers' home state of California. Ray Kroc had just begun selling McDonald's franchises outside California, and the four friends partnered to buy the right to open McDonald’s restaurants in central Illinois. In June 1956, they opened their first restaurant in Urbana, Illinois, only the third McDonald’s restaurant to open outside California. The Urbana store proved popular with students, professionals and young families at the University of Illinois. It did so well that the group decided to open additional stores in Decatur and Peoria, Illinois.

However, Ray Kroc notified them that Peoria and Decatur were not included in the central Illinois territory, and furthermore that changes to the terms of the franchise meant they would owe a higher percentage of their profits to McDonald's. Having invested heavily in the Peoria location, including erecting the building, Lundberg and his partners decided instead to open their own restaurant, and settled on the name Sandy's. The chain adopted a Scottish-based theme to combat the Scottish-rooted McDonald's, even though the latter was not based on a cultural theme of any kind. Lundberg was named president.

Early success[link]

The menu of the first Sandy's restaurant included a 15¢ hamburger, a 20¢ milkshake and a 10¢ bag of french fries, much like McDonald's. However, none of the four founders were interested in expanding their local chain. Lundberg, in particular, viewed the enterprise as a chance to build a "people-oriented organization whose members worked hard but also had some fun while earning a legitimate profit."^[1]

Sandy's was different in a number of ways from other fast food chains of the time:

• Operators of most restaurants owned their stores and did not lease from the corporation.
• Operators were not required to buy supplies from the corporation, instead being permitted to "shop around" as long as the supplies met company standards.
• Lundberg visited every store periodically and became personally acquainted with every employee.

Ray Kroc did not act indifferently. He filed an ongoing series of lawsuits which finally ended with an out-of-court settlement in 1965. Despite this distraction, Sandy’s grew from 7 stores in Illinois in 1959 to 121 in five states in 1966. In 1961, insurance man Jack Laughery was so impressed with Lundberg and his business approach that he left a successful practice to join Sandy's, becoming president in 1967.

Bill Schelly in his memoir Sense of Wonder reminisced about visits in the mid-1960s when in downtown Pittsburgh he made to "a handy hamburger joint named Sandy's (a McDonald's imitator) for greasy cheeseburgers, mounds of salty fries and massive sodas".^[2] In 2009 Schelly posted further comments on a Sandy's fan website:

The Sandy's we went to was an inner-city variety, sandwiched (so to speak) between two other stores, it was small and if it had tables at all, these were circular with small diameters, like 18". The decor, as I recall, had a lot of orange & yellow, but my memory could be playing tricks on me. We'd buy 3 burgers and 2 orders of fries a piece, because the burgers weren't very big, and huge Cokes, and take all the food back to my Dad's office downtown....^[3]

Takeover by Hardee's[link]

By the end of the 1960s Sandy's, though still successful, was short of cash, a major handicap with the pricey new television advertising being actively employed by its competitors. Meanwhile, the successful Hardee's chain in the Southern U.S. (founded by Wilbur Hardee) had money and was looking to expand its operations. The solution was a merger. On November 30, 1971, a Hardee's purchase of all of Sandy's stock was announced, and Sandy's plaid berets were soon to be seen no more. Sandy's had expanded to Belgium and Canada before its dismantling.

Originally, Sandy's was only to merge with Hardees and maintain its own identity, but in 1973, ninety percent of the locations agreed to switch to Hardee's; the other ten percent remained Sandy's. In 1979, the last Sandy's location in Muscatine, Iowa became a Hardee's. Other locations simply changed their name to avoid infringing on the Sandy's name. These locations included Zandy's in Great Falls, Montana, Sandie's in Billings, Montana, and Bucky's in Lawrence, Kansas but only Zandy's continues operations as of 2007^[update]. Bucky's closed as of December 14, 2007.

References[link]

Look up Sandy or sandy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Sandy may refer to:

• Characteristic of sand
• Sandy (name), including a list of people with the name
• Sandy brown, a shade of brown

Places[link]

• Sandy, Bedfordshire, England
• Sandy, Carmarthenshire, Wales
• Sandy, Oregon, United States
• Sandy, Pennsylvania, United States
• Sandy, Utah, United States

Music[link]

• Sandy (Sandy Denny album), 1972
• Sandy (Sandy Lam album), 1987
• Sandy (Sandy Salisbury album), 2001
• "Sandy", a song by Larry Hall from 1959
• "Sandy", a song by Dion DiMucci from 1963
• "4th of July, Asbury Park (Sandy)", a 1973 song by Bruce Springsteen from The Wild, The Innocent and The E Street Shuffle, covered by The Hollies in 1975 as "Sandy"
• "Sandy", a song by the Carpenters on A Kind Of Hush (album), 1976
• "Sandy", a song sung by John Travolta in Grease (film)
• Sandy Leah Lima, a Brazilian singer-songwriter with the stage name "Sandy"

Other[link]

• "Sandy", the nickname for search and rescue (SAR) escort duty typically flown by the A-1 Skyraider
• Operation Sandy, a test launch of a V-2 rocket in 1947 from the aircraft carrier USS Midway
• Sandy's, a former fast-food chain purchased by Hardee's in 1979
• Sandy, kiddie ride manufacturer

See also[link]

• Sandy Island (disambiguation)
• Sandie (disambiguation)
• Sandi (disambiguation)
• Sandhi, a variety of phonological processes

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (March 2011)

Sandy Rivera is an American record producer, House music DJ and label owner. Born in New York City,^[1] he is now based in New Jersey.

Biography[link]

Rivera started his career at age 13 as a DJ in his native Spanish Harlem. He began producing house music in 1992, specializing in a more soulful sound. He has worked under a variety of pseudonyms, including Kings of Tomorrow, Soul Vision and Mysterious People, either alone or with partners Jose Burgos, HAZE and Jay 'Sinister' Sealee (Rivera has parted ways with Sealee in 2002). He is the owner of labels BlackWiz (founded 1993) and Deep Vision Records (founded 1995).

Rivera's best known track is "Finally", released in 2000 as Kings of Tomorrow at Defected Records, with vocals by Julie McKnight, which peaked at number 24 in the UK Singles Chart^[2] and at number 17 on the Billboard dance chart, and appeared in a large number of compilations from labels such as Ministry Of Sound, Hed Kandi and Warner Music. The track is included in K.O.T.'s first album It's in the Lifestyle. The same album also yielded the track "Young Hearts". The vocal version of "Finally" was also used as a part of a remixed single by the British act Layo & Bushwacka for their 2003 single "Love Story (vs. Finally)." The second K.O.T. album was released in 2005, with the name Trouble. Rivera claims this is his first album produced without recourse to samples, and marks the official separation between this and other aliases: Kings of Tomorrow is used for more radio-friendly tracks, while his real name will be used for club-friendly tracks.

As a producer and remixer, Sandy Rivera has worked for a variety of other artists, including veteran jazz musician Terry Callier, Gisele Jackson, Bini & Martini, Michelle Weeks, Ladysmith Black Mambazo and Walter L. Robinson.

Although both are physically different, and they play different styles of house music, Sandy Rivera is often confused with fellow DJ and producer Robbie Rivera.

Discography[link]

Singles[link]

Sandy Rivera

• 1996 "The King Size EP"
• 1997 "Come On", with Jon Cutler and Mike Delgado
• 1997 "Expansions '97/Head Hunters"
• 1998 "Come Into My Room", with Littleton Brown
• 2001 "Class Is In Session"
• 2001 "Forever", with John "DNR" Alvarez and Shawnee Taylor
• 2002 "Changes", with HAZE
• 2002 "I Can't Stop", with Littleton Brown
• 2005 "Hope", with Elzi Hall
• 2005 "Just Won't Do", with Robert Owens
• 2007 "Freak", with HAZE
• 2009 "Deeper", with HAZE
• 2009 "Whatever", with Andy Daniell

Sandy Rivera & Jose Burgos

All are collaborations with Jose Burgos

• 1997 "The Path"
• 1999 "Expanded EP"
• 2000 "12th Street Soul"
• 2000 "Keep It Coming"
• 2000 "I Wanna Dance With You", with Karen Workman
• 2000 "No Smoke"
• 2001 "Leaving Me"
• 2001 "La Cultura EP"

Kings Of Tomorrow/K.O.T.

• 1993 "D'Menace EP", with John "DNR" Alvarez
• 1993 "Showcase EP", with George Rivera
• 1993 "Go Black Scatt", with George Rivera
• 1994 "Abstract Collage"
• 1994 "Black Sinister Science EP", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee and Stacey Alexander
• 1995 "I'm So Grateful", with Densaid
• 1996 "10 Minute High", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee and Michelle Weeks
• 1996 "Fade II Black", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee
• 1996 "Open Your Mind/K.O.T. Anthem", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee
• 1997 "Set My Spirit Free", with Dawn Tallman
• 1997 "Ancestors", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee
• 1997 "Witness Protection EP"
• 1997 "The Session"
• 1997 "Organic Warfare", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee
• 1998 "I Want You (For Myself)", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee and Julie McKnight
• 1998 "Let It Go", with Dawn Tallman
• 1998 "The Blackwiz EP"
• 1998 "The K.O.T. Invasion EP", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee
• 1999 "My Love Is Real", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee
• 2000 "Going Back To Blackwiz EP", with Jose Burgos and Jay 'Sinister' Sealee
• 2000 "In The Night", with Littleton Brown
• 2000 "Finally", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee and Julie McKnight
• 2000 "Tear It Up", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee and Julie McKnight
• 2001 "Class Is In Session"
• 2002 "Young Hearts", with Treasa Fennie
• 2003 "Dreams/Thru", with HAZE and George Rivera
• 2004 "Dreams", with HAZE
• 2004 "So Alive"
• 2005 "Another Day", with Leedia Urtega
• 2005 "Thru", with HAZE
• 2005 "6PM", with Nina Lares
• 2008 "Can't Stop", with Rae
• 2011 "Take Me Back", with April
• 2011 "I Need To Love Me", with April
• 2012 "Show", with Elzi Hall

Soul Vision

All are collaborations with Jose Burgos

• 1998 "Don't Stop", with Littleton Brown
• 1999 "Low Down", with Jaquito May Perkins
• 2000 "Don't Hold Back", with Dihann Moore
• 2000 "Tracey In My Room", as EBTG vs. Soul Vision, official mash-up produced by Ben Watt
• 2001 "You've Been On My Mind", with D'Layna

Mysterious People

All are collaborations with Jay 'Sinister' Sealee and Jose Burgos

• 1996 "Love Revolution"
• 1997 "The Rude Movements EP"
• 1998 "Fly Away"

D'Menace

• 1997 "Spirit In My Soul"
• 1997 "Ya-Yahoo!"
• 1998 "Deep Menace (Spank)"

Other aliases

• 1992 "Right Now/Break The Ice", as Awesome Foursome, with George Rivera, Wilson X. Yepez and Víctor "Overdose" Sánchez
• 1994 "The K.O.T. Theory Of Rhythmic Seduction", as Kidz Of Tomorrow, with Jose Burgos
• 1995 "The Blackwiz", as Ancestors, with Treasa Fennie
• 2000 "Free Call", as Delicious Inc meets Sandy Rivera, with Jamie Lewis and Littleton Brown
• 2000 "Scream & Shout", as The Committee, with Jose Burgos, Jay 'Sinister' Sealee and Kim Armstrong
• 2001 "Life", as Auréi
• 2001 "Let The Reign Begin", as Organized Noize, with John "DNR" Alvarez
• 2001 "I Am The Drum", as Organized Noize, with Chris "Ludikris" Conway
• 2002 "Keep Flowing EP", as Sanjose, with Jose Burgos
• 2003 "Moodbangers", as Moodbangers
• 2004 "Midnight Express", as Moodbangers, with John Alvarez

(Co-)production for other artists[link]

• 1993 Trique-Dik-Slik - "Euphoria (Mary Jane Too)", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealée and Eric Priest
• 1995 Michelle Wilson- "Lifted Higher"
• 1995 Sabrynaah Pope - "Shelter"
• 1995 Big O - "Shmoov Wit Da Ruffness"
• 1996 Sean Grant - "I Hear My Calling", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealée
• 1996 Sean Grant - "Keep On Pressing", with Jay 'Sinister' Sealée
• 1997 Gisele Jackson - "Happy Feelings"
• 1997 Julie McKnight - "Rock Steady", Jay 'Sinister' Sealée
• 1997 Big Foot - "Black Lagoons"
• 2003 GR-69 - "Trouble"
• 2007 DADA - "Lollipop", with Trix #18 UK

Albums[link]

• 1998 The Beginning, as Kings Of Tomorrow (Not a K.O.T. album, includes various tracks produced or remixed by Rivera. The CD version is mixed)
• 2000 The Calling, as Sandy Rivera & Jose Burgos
• 2000 It's In The Lifestyle, as Kings Of Tomorrow
• 2000 It's In The Lifestyle - Limited Edition, as Kings Of Tomorrow
• 2002 It's In The Lifestyle - The Remixes, as Kings Of Tomorrow
• 2005 Trouble, as Kings Of Tomorrow

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Sandy Rivera Fan Page
• Sandy Rivera discography at Discogs
• Kings of Tomorrow discography at Discogs

Sandy Denny (6 January 1947 – 21 April 1978), born Alexandra Elene Maclean Denny, was an English singer and songwriter, perhaps best known as the lead singer for the folk rock band Fairport Convention. She has been described by Allmusic's Richie Unterberger as "the pre-eminent British folk rock singer".^[1]

After briefly working with British folk band the Strawbs, Denny joined Fairport Convention in 1968, remaining with that band until the end of 1969. She formed the short-lived band Fotheringay in 1970, releasing one album with them (another unreleased album would surface some three decades later), before focusing on a solo career. Between 1971 and 1977, Denny released four solo albums: The North Star Grassman and the Ravens, Sandy, Like an Old Fashioned Waltz, and Rendezvous. She is also noted as the only guest vocalist on a Led Zeppelin studio album, when she shared a duet with Robert Plant for "The Battle of Evermore" on Led Zeppelin IV (1971).

Music publications Sunday Express, Uncut and Mojo have each called Denny Britain's finest female singer-songwriter.^[2] Her composition "Who Knows Where the Time Goes?" has been recorded by many artists as diverse as Judy Collins, Nina Simone and Cat Power.

Childhood[link]

Denny was born on 6 January 1947 at Nelson Hospital, Kingston Road, Merton Park, London. She studied classical piano as a child.^[3] Her Scottish grandmother was a singer of traditional songs. At an early age Denny showed an interest in singing, although her strict parents were reluctant to believe there was a living to be made from it. Sandy Denny attended Coombe Girls' School in Kingston upon Thames. After leaving school, she started training as a nurse at the Royal Brompton Hospital.^[4]

Early career[link]

Her nursing career proved short-lived. In the meantime she had secured a place on a foundation course at Kingston College of Art, which she took up in September 1965, becoming involved with the folk club on campus. Her contemporaries at the college included guitarist and future member of Pentangle, John Renbourn.^[4] After her first public appearance at the Barge in Kingston-Upon-Thames Denny started working the folk club circuit in the evenings with an American-influenced repertoire, including songs by Tom Paxton, together with traditional folk songs.^[4]

Denny made the first of many appearances for the BBC at Cecil Sharp House on 2 December 1966 on the Folk Song Cellar programme where she accompanied herself on two traditional songs; "Fhir a Bhata" and "Green Grow the Laurels".

Her earliest professional recordings were made a few months later in mid-1967 for the Saga Records label,^[5] featuring traditional songs and covers of folk contemporaries including her boyfriend of this period, the American singer-songwriter Jackson C. Frank. They were released on the albums Alex Campbell and his Friends and Sandy and Johnny with Johnny Silvo.^[6] These songs were collected on the 1970 album It's Sandy Denny where the tracks from Sandy and Johnny had been re-recorded with more accomplished vocals and guitar playing.^[6] The complete Saga studio recordings were issued on the 2005 compilation Where The Time Goes.

By this time she had abandoned her studies at art college and was devoting herself full-time to music. While she was performing at The Troubadour folk club, a member of the Strawbs heard her, and in 1967, she was invited to join the band. She recorded one album with them in Denmark which belatedly came out in 1973 as Sandy Denny and the Strawbs All Our Own Work. The album includes an early solo version of her best-known (and widely recorded) composition, "Who Knows Where the Time Goes".^[4] A tape of that solo version found its way into the hands of American singer Judy Collins, who chose to cover it as the title track of an album of her own, released in November 1968, thus giving Denny international exposure as a songwriter before she had become widely known as a singer.

From Fairport to Fotheringay[link]

After making the Saga albums with Alex Campbell and Johnny Silvo, Denny looked for a band that would allow her to stretch herself as a vocalist, reach a wider audience, and have the opportunity to display her songwriting. She said, “I wanted to do something more with my voice”.^[7] After working briefly with the Strawbs Denny remained unconvinced that they could provide that opportunity, and so she ended her relationship with the band.

Fairport Convention conducted auditions in May 1968 for a replacement singer following the departure of Judy Dyble after their debut album, and Denny became the obvious choice. According to group member Simon Nicol, her evident personality and musicianship made her stand out from the other auditionees "like a clean glass in a sink full of dirty dishes".^[8] Beginning with What We Did On Our Holidays, the first of three albums she made with the band in the late sixties, Denny is credited with encouraging Fairport Convention to explore the traditional British folk repertoire, and is thus regarded as a key figure in the development of British folk rock.^[9] She brought with her the traditional repertoire she had refined in the clubs, including "A Sailor's Life" featured on their second album together Unhalfbricking. Framing Denny's performance of this song with their own electric improvisations, her bandmates discovered what then proved to be the inspiration for an entire album, the influential Liege & Lief (1969).^[10]

Denny left Fairport Convention in 1969 to develop her own songwriting more fully.^[4] To this end, she formed her own band, Fotheringay, which included her boyfriend, Trevor Lucas formerly of the group Eclection. They created one self-titled album (a second left unfinished in 1970 was finally released in 2008) which included an eight-minute version of the traditional "Banks of the Nile", and several Denny originals, among them "The Sea" and "Nothing More". (The latter marked her first composition on the piano, which was to take over as her primary instrument from then on.) The group dissolved when producer Joe Boyd left to take up a job at Warner Brothers in California.

Solo career and final years[link]

She then turned to recording her first solo album The North Star Grassman and the Ravens. Released in 1971, it is distinguished by its elusive lyrics and unconventional harmonies. Highlights included "Late November", inspired by a dream and the death of Fairport band member Martin Lamble, and "Next Time Around" a cryptogram about Jackson C. Frank, one of her many portraits in song.^[11]

Sandy with a cover photograph by David Bailey followed in 1972 and was the first of her albums to be produced by Trevor Lucas. As well as introducing eight new original compositions, the album also marked her last recording of a traditional song, "The Quiet Joys of Brotherhood" (words by Richard Fariña), with Denny's ambitious multi-tracked vocal arrangement inspired by the Ensemble of the Bulgarian Republic.

Melody Maker readers twice voted her the "Best British Female Singer" in 1970 and 1971 and, together with contemporaries including Richard Thompson and Ashley Hutchings, she participated in a one-off project called The Bunch to record a collection of rock and roll era standards released under the title of Rock On. During this period, Denny also appeared in a brief cameo on Lou Reizner's version of The Who's rock opera, Tommy, and duetted with Robert Plant on "The Battle of Evermore" from Led Zeppelin's 1971 album (Led Zeppelin IV), becoming the only guest vocalist ever to appear on a Led Zeppelin album.^[8]

In 1973, she married long term boyfriend and producer Trevor Lucas and recorded a third solo album, Like an Old Fashioned Waltz. The songs continued to detail many of her personal preoccupations: loss, loneliness, fear of the dark, the passing of time and the changing seasons.^[12] The album contained one of her best loved compositions, "Solo", and featured a cover image by Gered Mankowitz.

In 1974, she returned to Fairport Convention (of which her husband was by then a member) for a world tour (captured on the 1974 album Fairport Live Convention) and a studio album, Rising for the Moon in 1975. Although her development as a soloist and songwriter had taken her further away from the folk roots direction that the band had pursued since Liege & Lief, seven of the eleven tracks on Rising for the Moon were either written or co-written by her.^[13]

Denny and Lucas left Fairport Convention at the end of 1975 and embarked on what was to become her final album Rendezvous. Released in 1977, the album is now generally thought to be overproduced despite containing some of her finest compositions such as "I'm A Dreamer", "One Way Donkey Ride" and the classically-influenced "All Our Days".^[14] Having relocated to the village of Byfield in Northamptonshire in the mid-seventies, Denny gave birth to her only child, a daughter named Georgia in July 1977.

A UK tour to promote Rendezvous in the autumn of 1977 marked her final public appearances. The closing night at the Royalty Theatre in London on 27 November 1977 was recorded for a live album, Gold Dust, which, because of technical problems in the recording of the electric guitar, was belatedly released in 1998 after most of the guitars had been re-recorded by Jerry Donahue.^[15]

Death[link]

By 1977 Denny's substance abuse issues had worsened.^[16] During her pregnancy, she drank and took cocaine.^[17] Linda Thompson told The Guardian that shortly after Georgia's birth, Denny "was crashing the car and leaving the baby in the pub and all sorts of stuff."^[18] Thompson also noted that the child was premature, yet Denny seemed to have little concern for her new baby.^[18]

In March 1978, while on holiday with her parents and baby in Cornwall, Denny was injured when she fell down a staircase and hit her head on concrete.^[17] Following the incident, Denny suffered from intense headaches; a doctor prescribed her the painkiller Distalgesic,^[18] a drug known to have fatal side effects when mixed with alcohol.^[18] Denny was able to perform one last concert several days after the fall.^[17] Concerned with his wife's erratic behaviour and fearing for his daughter's safety, Denny's husband Trevor Lucas fled the UK back to his native Australia with their child several weeks after the accident.^[16][18]

On 17 April Denny collapsed and fell into a coma while at friend Miranda Ward's home.^[17][18] Four days later, she died at Atkinson Morley Hospital in Wimbledon.^[19] Her death was ruled to be the result of a traumatic mid-brain haemorrhage and blunt force trauma to her head.^[18] The funeral took place on 27 April 1978 at Putney Vale Cemetery. After the vicar had read Denny's favourite psalm - Psalm 23 (The Lord is my Shepherd) - a piper played "The Flowers of the Forest", a traditional song commemorating the fallen of Flodden Field. The inscription on her headstone reads, "'The Lady'" Alexandra Elene MacLean Lucas (Sandy Denny) 6.1.47 - 21.4.78."

Posthumous releases[link]

Although Denny had a devoted cult following in her lifetime, she did not achieve the mass market success that she sought. In the years since her death, her reputation has grown. A four-album box set entitled Who Knows Where the Time Goes? (1985) was produced by her widower Trevor Lucas and Joe Boyd and included many rare and previously unreleased tracks. This was the first public indication that a large cache of unreleased material existed. In 1991, Joe Boyd issued a new version of Denny's All Our Own Work album with the Strawbs called Sandy Denny and the Strawbs on his Hannibal Records label. The album had strings added to some tracks including "Who Knows Where the Time Goes?" and further tracks with Denny on lead vocal.

The Australian label Raven Records issued a CD in 1995 called Sandy Denny, Trevor Lucas and Friends: The Attic Tracks 1972-1984 that included 12 previously unreleased Denny songs including the original piano version of "No End",^[20] demos recorded at home in Byfield, Rendezvous album session outtakes (including her final studio recording, a cover of Bryn Haworth's "Moments") and three songs from the final concert at the Royalty Theatre.

A one-disc compilation of Denny's solo BBC recordings was released on Strange Fruit Records as The BBC Sessions 1971-1973 in 1997 that due to rights issues was withdrawn on the day of release, thereby creating a highly collectible disc (up until the release of the comprehensive Live at the BBC box set in 2007). This release was quickly followed in 1998 when Denny's final performance at the Royalty Theatre, entitled Gold Dust, was issued on CD.

In 2005, remastered versions of all her solo albums came out with bonus tracks. Prior to their release, in 2004 a second comprehensive five-CD box set was released on the Fledg'ling record label called A Boxful of Treasures that included many unreleased recordings, in particular a whole disc of acoustic demos, many recorded at her home in Byfield that was highly prized amongst fans and critics alike, who had long asserted that her solo performances showed her work in its best light, revealing the true quality of her vocal style and compositions. When the Live at the BBC box set came out in September 2007 it was rapturously praised by The Sun newspaper.^[21]

In 2008, Jerry Donahue completed the unfinished second Fotheringay album begun in the autumn of 1970. It was released to general acclaim^[22] as Fotheringay 2 and contained some notable Denny performances, in particular earlier versions of two Denny compositions "Late November" and "John the Gun", and performances of the traditional songs "Gypsy Davey" and "Wild Mountain Thyme".

In 2010, a complete retrospective box set, simply titled Sandy Denny, was released by Universal/Island Records in a limited edition of 3000. It contained Denny's entire catalogue of studio recordings, including her work with the Strawbs, Fairport Convention, Fotheringay, and as a solo artist. The comprehensive, 19-CD release also included a large number of outtakes, demos, live recordings, radio sessions and interviews.^[23] The box set was released to good reviews, including a 5-star review in Uncut^[24] and a 4-star review in The Guardian^[25] amongst others.

Further recordings were released in 2011 including a German recording of Fotheringay in concert released as Essen 1970 ^[26] on the Garden of Delights label. The performance was re-mastered by original band member Jerry Donahue. This release was followed by 19 Rupert Street, a home recording of a rehearsal featuring Sandy and Alex Campbell recorded at his flat in August 1967. This release is notable for the fact that Sandy performs a number of tracks that are not available in any other versions, including a cover of “Fairytale Lullaby” by John Martyn.^[27] This CD was put out by Sandy’s former Strawbs band-mate Dave Cousins on his Witchwood label.

In late 2010 Thea Gilmore was commissioned by Sandy's estate, in conjunction with Island Records, to write melodies to unrecorded lyrics found in Sandy's paperwork. The resulting album Don't Stop Singing ^[28] was released in November 2011 to generally good notices, including 4-star reviews in The Independent^[29] and The Guardian^[30] amongst others. On 21 April 2012 the single "London" was released as an exclusive Record Store Day 7″ single.^[31]

Legacy[link]

Estate and family[link]

After relocating to Australia and remarrying, Trevor Lucas died of a heart attack in 1989.^[16] Denny's estate is now managed by Lucas' widow, Elizabeth Hurtt-Lucas.^[16] Sandy Denny's daughter, Georgia, has never spoken about her mother in a public forum and in the mid-2000s turned down an invitation to write the liner notes for Sandy Denny Live at the BBC.^[16] Georgia gave birth to twin daughters on 29 April 1997, and a tribute album, Georgia On Our Mind, featuring many of Sandy Denny's former band mates and friends, was compiled in the children's honour.^[32]

Tributes[link]

Since her death, many tributes have been made to Denny, both in music and elsewhere. Dave Pegg of Fairport Convention recorded the tribute "Song for Sandy" on his 1983 solo album The Cocktail Cowboy Goes It Alone. Dave Cousins of Strawbs wrote "Ringing Down the Years" in memory of Sandy Denny shortly after her death. Fellow Brit folk pioneers Spriguns changed the title of their 1978 album to Magic Lady after hearing of Denny's death while recording.^[33] In 1998, a variety of Daylily was named after her.^[34][35]

Denny's songs have been covered by numerous artists in the years since her death. Some of the notable acts to have covered her music include Yo La Tengo,^[36] former Marillion frontman Fish,^[37] Cat Power, Judy Collins and Nina Simone. Kate Bush named Denny in the lyric of "Blow Away (For Bill)", a track on her 1980 album Never for Ever.

Several radio specials have been produced about Denny's life and music, including BBC Radio 2's The Sandy Denny Story: Who Knows Where the Time Goes. In 2007, Denny's song "Who Knows Where the Time Goes?" also received BBC 2's 2007 Folk Award for "Favourite Folk Track of All Time."^[38] In 2010, she was recognized by NPR in their 50 Great Voices special series.^[39]

In April 2008, a tribute concert was held at The Troubadour in London, to mark the thirtieth anniversary of Denny's death. Those taking part included Martin Carthy, Linda Thompson and Joe Boyd.^[40] A more extensive tribute was given later that year in December at Southbank in the Queen Elizabeth Hall called The Lady: A Tribute to Sandy Denny with a band composed of members of Bellowhead, the evening featured a mix of young folk acts like Jim Moray and Lisa Knapp alongside those that had known and worked with Denny such as Dave Swarbrick and Jerry Donahue. These acts were joined by performers from outside the world of folk like PP Arnold and Marc Almond. The concert – which primarily featured songs written by Denny – received a four-star review in The Guardian.^[41]

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• It's Sandy Denny (1967)
• The North Star Grassman and the Ravens (1971)
• Sandy (1972)
• Like an Old Fashioned Waltz (1974)
• Rendezvous (1977)
• Gold Dust (1998)
• Live at the BBC (2007)
• 19 Rupert Street (With Alex Campbell) (2011)

References and notes[link]

• Heylin, Clinton (September 1988). "Sandy Denny". Record Collector (109): 61–66. 

Further reading[link]

External links[link]

• Official website