SMART Recovery (Self Management and Recovery Training) is an international non-profit organization which provides assistance to individuals seeking abstinence from addictive behaviors. The approach used is secular and science-based using non-confrontational motivational, behavioral and cognitive methods. Meeting participants learn recovery methods derived from evidence-based addiction treatments. ^[1]

Methodology[link]

SMART Recovery is based on scientific knowledge, and is intended to evolve as scientific knowledge evolves.^[2] The program uses principles of motivational interviewing found in Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET),^[3] and techniques taken from Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), particularly in the version called Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), as well as scientifically validated research on treatment.^[4]

The organization's program emphasizes four areas (called the Four Points) in the process of recovery: Building Motivation, Coping with Urges, Problem Solving, and Lifestyle Balance.^[5] The "SMART Toolbox" is a collection of various MET, CBT and REBT methods (or "tools") which address the Four Points.^[6]

The program does not use the twelve steps which make up the basis of the various "Anonymous" self-help groups (e.g. AA, NA, etc.) and is generally listed as an "Alternative to AA" or an "Alternative to the Twelve Steps."^[7][8][9] Though listed as an "alternative", it is also suggested as a possible "supplement" to twelve-step programs in SMART Recovery's main program publication, The SMART Recovery Handbook.^[10]

The Stages of Change as a SMART Recovery Tool[link]

In the SMART Recovery program, there are seven stages of change:^[11]

1. Precontemplation - At this stage, the participant may not realize that they have a problem.^[11]
2. Contemplation - The participant evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the addiction by performing a cost/benefit analysis.^[11]
3. Determination/Preparation - The participant completes a Change Plan Worksheet.^[11]
4. Action - The participant seeks out new ways of handling their addiction behavior. This can include self-help, the support of addiction help group or professional guidance.^[11]
5. Maintenance - After a few months, the participant's behavior has been changed and now seeks to maintain their gains.^[11]
6. Relapse - Although not inevitable, relapses are a normal part of the change cycle and if handled well, can serve a learning experience in overcoming an addiction.^[11]
7. Termination - Once a participant has sustained a long period of change, they may choose to move on with their lives and "graduate" from SMART Recovery.^[11]

History and Organization[link]

Incorporated in 1992 as the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Self-Help Network (ADASHN), the organization began operating under the SMART Recovery name in 1994.^[12][13]

General operations are overseen by a volunteer Board of Directors.^[14] Local groups are run by volunteers known as "Facilitators" with the assistance of volunteer recovery professionals called "Volunteer Advisors." A central office is currently maintained in Mentor, Ohio.

SMART Recovery offers its services for free although a donation is requested and its publications are sold.^[15]

Meetings[link]

The meetings are free for all wishing to attend, and are intended to be informational as well as supportive.^[16] Approximately 600 weekly group meetings led by volunteer facilitators are held worldwide.^[17] In addition, the organization provides online resources and support to the volunteers and those attending the groups and one or more daily online meetings.^[18]

Meetings are also held in correctional facilities in many states including: Arizona, California, Florida, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin.^[19]

Family & Friends[link]

SMART Family & Friends is an online support group for Concerned Significant Others (CSOs) of people with addiction. The group was started in September 2010. Its purpose is to address specific issues encountered when a family member or friend tries to reach out and help a loved one ^[20] and it draws from the work of Robert Meyers' CRAFT Community reinforcement and family training program which differs significantly from Alanon in that it is a behavioral program which advocates that the CSO can have a positive impact on the substance abuser. Further, the CRAFT program has been demonstrated in Meyers' research to be more effective than the Vernon Johnson type intervention or Alanon, with less negative side-effects and better outcomes, whether or not the substance abuser enters treatment. ^{[21] [22]}

Recognition[link]

SMART is recognized by the American Academy of Family Physicians,^[23] as well as the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)^[24] and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA).^[25] NIDA and NIAAA are agencies of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

See also[link]

References[link]

Further reading[link]

External links[link]

• SMART Recovery Website
• SMART Recovery Canada
• SMART Recovery UK
• SMART Recovery Australia
• SMART Recovery NYC (New York City)
• SMART Recovery Switzerland
• Works by or about SMART Recovery in libraries (WorldCat catalog)

Matt Hall
Matt Hall at the Red Bull Airrace 2010 in Abu Dhabi
Born	(1971-09-16) 16 September 1971 (age 40)
Nationality	Australia
Racing career
First race	2009
Best position	3rd (2009)
Aircraft	MXS-R
Website
www.matthallracing.com

Matt Hall (born 16 September 1971 in Merewether, Australia^[1]) is a third generation pilot, a former Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Fighter Combat (Top Gun) Instructor, international unlimited aerobatic competitor and the first Australian to be selected to compete in the Red Bull Air Race World Championship, starting in 2009.^[2]

Flying history[link]

Hall has a long flying history, having started flying with his father at an early age. He is a third generation pilot, his grandfather having flown in World War II.

Hall's first solo flight was at age 15 in a glider, and he gained his aircraft pilot's licence at the age of 18. He is licensed in gliders, ultra-lights and hang gliders, and has had one parachute jump. He has more than 4,000 hours in various aircraft types, including over 700 in light aircraft and over 500 doing aerobatics. As these flights are often only 20–30 minutes, he has many more takeoffs and landings. Hall has over 300 hours in his airshow display aircraft, the Giles G-202, and is exploring the limits of both himself and this aircraft.

He is passionate about general aviation and light aircraft. A Mustang P-51D is his fifth aircraft (the others were a Vans RV-4, Acrosport II biplane, Piper Cherokee180C and the Giles G-202). He is flying an MXS during the Red Bull Air Race 2009 season.

Military career[link]

As a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) fighter pilot, Hall logged over 1500 F/A-18 Hornet hours. As a Fighter Combat Instructor, in 2006 he completed a tour as the chief instructor for this demanding course.

He has received many awards during his military career, including Dux of Pilot, F/A-18 Hornet and Fighter Combat Instructor courses, the 1997 Fighter Pilot of the Year, and he was awarded a Chief of Air Force commendation for his performance as the Chief Instructor of the 2006 Fighter Combat Instructor course.

Hall spent three years in the United States of America on a USAF exchange programme, flying over 500 hours in the F-15E Strike Eagle, including combat. For his efforts, he was awarded combat decorations by both the US and Australia.

He resigned from the RAAF to allow him to become a full-time race pilot.

Aerobatic history[link]

Hall has flown aerobatics for many years, becoming more serious about competition and display aerobatics whilst on his military exchange in the USA. He travelled widely to air shows, fly-ins and aerobatic competitions, and was inspired by performances at the 2003 World Aerobatic Championships (WAC) in Florida. Through involvement at competitions and as a member of the International Aerobatic Club, he was able to be coached and mentored by many of the top US competitors and performers.

Initially competing in his Acrosport II biplane, he won the US East Coast Aerobatic Championship at the Sportsman level. He soon reached the limits of the aircraft's capabilities, and moved up to the Giles G-202, which he brought back to Australia, as the first of type. He won the NSW State Aerobatic Championships at Intermediate level in the Giles G-202 in October 2005.^[3]

In April 2006 Hall won the Australian Aerobatic Championships at the Advanced level, his first Nationals and Advanced competition.^[4] In April 2007 he moved up to Unlimited, and competed at the Australian National Aerobatic Championships, placing second overall, but first in Freestyle.^[5] He then went on to compete in the US Nationals in September, using Rob Holland's MX-2, achieving 10th place overall, and 5th in the Freestyle competition.

In November 2007, the Red Bull Air Race offered him the chance to participate in a series of Training Camps under former world champion Patrick Paris, as a lead up to the 2008 European Aerobatic Championships. During the lead up, he competed in the World Aerobatics Cup in Prague, finishing 8th,^[6] then achieved the required top half finish in the European Championships, finishing his eligibility requirements for selection for a Red Bull Air Race Qualification Camp. Racing aside, he aims to be aerobatic World Champion in the future.

In September 2008, he successfully completed the Red Bull Air Race Qualification Camp, becoming the first Australian to be awarded the coveted Red Bull Air Race Super Licence. Finally, in November 2008 he heard the news that he was selected to join Red Bull Air Race World Championship circuit in 2009.^[7]

In June 2010 while qualifying for first session in Windsor, Ontario for the Red Bull Air Race his plane touched the water of the Detroit River due to aerodynamic wing stall but he recovered and landed safely. The plane received "superficial damage", mainly to the right aileron.^[8]

Competition aside, Hall also spends a significant amount of his aerobatic flying working on his high energy display flying. This is a new style of "freestyle" flying, in which the pilot uses the aircraft surfaces in novel ways to develop new manoeuvres such as end-over-end tumbling.

Media[link]

• 

  At MX factory

• 

  In flight

References[link]

v t e Red Bull Air Race World Championship pilots Current pilots (2010)  Hannes Arch •  Péter Besenyei •  Paul Bonhomme •  Kirby Chambliss •  Matthias Dolderer •  Michael Goulian •  Matt Hall •  Nicolas Ivanoff •  Adilson Kindlemann •  Nigel Lamb •  Pete McLeod •  Yoshihide Muroya •  Sergey Rakhmanin •  Martin Šonka Former pilots  Glen Dell •  Steve Jones •  Jurgis Kairys •  Alejandro Maclean •  Mike Mangold •  David Martin •  Klaus Schrodt •  Frank Versteegh