Look up boutique in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

A Christian Lacroix fashion boutique

A boutique is a small shopping outlet, especially one that specializes in elite and fashionable items such as clothing and jewelry. The word is French for "shop", via Latin from Greek ἀποθήκη (apothēkē), "storehouse".^[1][2]

The term entered into everyday English use in the late 1960s when, for a brief period, London was the centre of the fashion trade. Carnaby Street and the Kings Road were the focus of much media attention as home to the most fashionable boutiques of the era. Now the East of London has been regenerated and more Boutiques pop up in fashionable areas, such as Tower Bridge Road.

It can also refer to a specialised firm such as a boutique investment bank or boutique law firm. The word is often used to describe a property in the independent section of the hotel market (such as The Rockwell in London) in order to distinguish themselves from larger chains (such as Hilton Hotels). In such cases the establishments aim to convey the idea that the operation is elite and highly specialised.

In the strictest sense of the word, boutiques would be one-of-a-kind but more generally speaking, some chains can be referred to as boutiques if they specialize in particular styles.

Recently, the term "boutique" has started being applied to normally-mass-market items that are either niche or produced in intentionally small numbers at very high prices. This may be referred to as boutique manufacturing. For example, before the release of the Wii, a Time Magazine article suggested that Nintendo could become a "boutique video-game company", producing games for niche audiences, rather than trying to compete directly with Microsoft and Sony.^[3]

In the traditional luxury-watch industry Scalfaro International is considered as the precursor in manufacturing and sale of bespoke watches. The Swiss company uses a highly flexible boutique manufacturing site, which allows producing small series or even unique timepieces.

Although some boutiques specialise in hand-made items and other truly one-of-a-kind items, others simply produce t-shirts, stickers, and other fashion accessories in artificially small runs and sell them at unusually high prices. In the early 1990s Selena started manufacturing her own line of women's clothing. Opening two boutiques labeled as "Selena Etc. Boutique & Salon" One located in Corpus Christi and one located in San Antonio, Texas. One was due to open in Monterrey, Mexico in 1995 but due to her death it was not opened. As of 2011^[update] only the Corpus Christi Boutique is still open.

In late 1990s some European retail traders developed the idea of tailoring a shop towards a lifestyle theme, in the form of "concept stores",^[4][5] which specialised in cross-selling without using separate departments. One of the first^[when?] concept stores was 10 Corso Como^[6] in Milan, Italy followed by Colette^[7] in Paris and Quartier 206^[8][9] in Berlin. Several well-known American chains such as Urban Outfitters^[10][11], D-A-S-H, and The Gap^[12], Australian chain Billabong and, though less common, Lord & Taylor adapted to the concept store trend after 2000.

Notes[link]

Inès de La Fressange, 2009

Inès Marie Lætitia Églantine Isabelle de Seignard de La Fressange (born 11 August 1957), is a French model,^[1] aristocrat and designer of fashion and perfumes. She was named to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1998.^[2]

Biography[link]

La Fressange was born in Gassin, Var, France, the daughter of André de Seignard, Marquis de La Fressange (b. 1932), a French stockbroker, and his wife, the former Cecilia Sánchez Cirez, an Argentine model. She grew up in an 18th-century mill outside Paris with two brothers, Emmanuel and Yvan. Her paternal grandmother was Suzanne Lazard (Marquise de La Fressange, Madame Louis Jacquinot, Madame Maurice Petsche), an heiress to the Lazard banking fortune.

Tall at 180 cm (5'11") and with a weight of 50 kg (110 lb), in the 1980s, she became the first model to sign an exclusive modeling contract with an haute couture fashion house, Chanel, by fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld, whose muse she became.^[1] However, in 1989, Lagerfeld and De la Fressange had an argument and parted company. Likely this argument was, at least in part, regarding her decision to lend her likeness to a bust of Marianne, the ubiquitous symbol of the French Republic. Lagerfeld reputedly condemned her decision, saying that Marianne was the embodiment of "everything that is boring, bourgeois, and provincial" and that he would not dress up historic monuments.^[3]

On 9 June 1990, in Tarascon, France, she married Luigi d'Urso, an Italian railroad executive, who died in 2006.^[4][5] They had two daughters, Nine Marie d'Urso (born 1994) and Violette Marie d'Urso (born 1999).[1] She also has two stepdaughters, Clotilde d'Urso and India d'Urso, the daughters of Luigi d'Urso by his first wife, Guendalina Levier.

As of 2009, La Fressange does not model often. She has been a businesswoman with a chain of clothing boutiques, a designer, and a consultant for Jean-Paul Gaultier. She presented a creation by Gaultier for his Spring/Summer 2009 haute couture collection at the Paris Haute Couture Fashion Week and walked the runway for Gaultier during the event, at age 51.^[1] Also, she walked the Chanel spring-summer 2011 show.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Inès de La Fressange at the Internet Movie Database
• Inès de La Fressange at the Fashion Model Directory

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