Achaea

Monday, 03 December 2012

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Achaea
Achaea (Greek: Αχαΐα Achaïa, [axaˈia]) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of West Greece. It is situated in the northwestern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. The capital is Patras. The population exceeds 300,000 since 2001.
Achaea borders on Elis to the southwest, Arcadia to the south and Corinthia to the southeast. The Gulf of Corinth lies to its northeast, and the Gulf of Patras to its northwest. The mountain Panachaiko (1926m), though not the highest of Achaea, dominates the coastal area near Patras. Higher mountains are found in the south, notably Aroania (2341m) and Erymanthos (2224m). Other mountain ranges in Achaea are Omplos and Movri. Its main rivers ordered from west to east are the Larissos, Tytheus, Peiros, Charadros, Selinountas and Vouraikos. Most of the forests are in the mountain ranges, though several are in the plains including the extreme west. There are grasslands around the mid-elevation areas and barren lands in the highest areas.
Achaea has hot summers and mild winters. Sunny days dominate during the summer months in areas near the coast, while the summer can be cloudy and rainy in the mountains. Snow is very common during the winter in the mountains of Erymanthos, Panachaiko and Aroania. Winter high temperatures are around the 10°C mark throughout the low lying areas.

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Aetolia-Acarnania
Aetolia-Acarnania (Greek: Αιτωλοακαρνανία, Aitoloakarnanía) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of West Greece. It is located in the western part of Greece; the regional unit is a combination of the geographic regions Aetolia and Acarnania. Its capital is Missolonghi for historical reasons, with its biggest city and economic centre at Agrinio. The area is now connected with the Peloponnese peninsula via the Rio-Antirio Bridge. The surrounding regional units take in Arta in Epirus, a narrow length bordering Karditsa of Thessaly, Evrytania to the northeast, and Phocis to the east. This is the largest regional unit in Greece.
Mountains dominate the north, northeast, west and southeast, especially the Acarnanian Mountains. The longest and main river is the Acheloos, which ends as a delta in wetlands to the southwest, an a rich fertile valley, and the second longest is Evinos; others include the Ermitsa, the Inachos, and the Mornos (on the border with Phocis). The regional unit excludes the islands lying to its west, since they belong to the Kefalonia and Ithaca regional units. There is one reservoir and a lake in its central part. The many mountains of the area span the Panaitoliko toward the northeast and the Acarnanian Mountains, the Valtou and the Makrynoros mountains in the north, the Nafpaktia Mountains in the southeast, the Arakynthos and Kravara in the south.

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Agia Lavra
Agia Lavra ("Holy Lavra") is a monastery near Kalavryta, Achaea, Greece. It was built in 961 AD, on Helmos Mountain, at an altitude of 961 meters, and can be described as the symbolic birth-place of modern Greece. It stands as one of the oldest monasteries in the Peloponnese.
It was built in 10th century but was burnt to the ground in 1585 by the Turks. It was rebuilt in 1600 while the frescoes by Anthimos were completed in 1645. It was burnt again in 1715 and in 1826 by the armies of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt. In 1850 after the rebirth of modern Greece, the building was completely rebuilt. The monastery was burned down by German forces in 1943.
It is famously linked with the Greek War of Independence, since it was here that the call for Eleftheria I Thanatos (Ελευθερία ή θάνατος) was first heard on 25 March 1821, launching the revolution against the Ottoman Empire. That day, Bishop Germanos of Patras performed a doxology and administered an oath to the Peloponnesian fighters. The revolutionary flag was raised by Bishop under the plane tree just outside the gate of the monastery.

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Arcadia
Arcadia (Greek: Αρκαδία - Arkadía) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Peloponnese. It is situated in the central and eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. It takes its name from the mythological character Arcas. In Greek mythology, it was the home of the god Pan. In European Renaissance arts, Arcadia was celebrated as an unspoiled, harmonious wilderness.
Arcadia has its present-day capital at Tripoli. It covers about 18% of the Peloponnese peninsula, making it the largest regional unit on the peninsula. Arcadia has a ski resort on Mount Mainalo, located about 20 km NW of Tripoli. Other mountains of Arcadia are the Parnon in the southeast and the Lykaion in the west.
The climate consists of hot summers and mild winters in the eastern part, the southern part, the low lying areas and the central area at altitudes lower than 1,000 m. The area primarily receives rain during fall and winter months in the rest of Arcadia. Winter snow occurs commonly in the mountainous areas for much of the west and the northern part, the Taygetus area, the Mainalon.

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Argolis
Argolis (Greek: Αργολίδα Argolída, [arɣoˈliða]; Ἀργολίς Argolís in ancient Greek and Katharevousa) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Peloponnese. It is situated in the eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula.
Most arable land lies in the central part of Argolis. Its primary agricultural resources are oranges and olives. Argolis has a coastline on the Saronic Gulf in the northeast and on the Argolic Gulf in the south and southeast. Notable mountains ranges are the Oligyrtos in the northwest, Lyrkeio and Ktenia in the west, and Arachnaio and Didymo in the east.
Argolis has land borders with Arcadia to the west and southwest, Corinthia to the north, and the Islands regional unit (Troezen area) to the east. Ancient Argolis included Troezen.
Parts of the history of the area can be found in the articles on Argos, Mycenae, Epidaurus, Nafplio, Troezen, Ermioni, Kranidi, and Tolo.
From 1833 to 1899, Argolis was part of Argolidocorinthia, which included present Corinthia, Hydra, Spetses and Kythira. It joined Corinthia to form Argolidocorinthia again in 1909. Forty years later, in 1949, Argolis was finally separated from Corinthia.

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Asia Minor
Asia Minor (from Greek: Μικρὰ Ἀσία, Mikrá Asía, small Asia) is a geographical location at the westernmost protrusion of Asia, also called Anatolia, and corresponds to the western two thirds of the Asian part of Turkey. It is a peninsula bounded by the Black Sea to the north, Georgia to the north-east, the Armenian Highland to the east, Mesopotamia to the south-east, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the west.
From the neolithic age Asia Minor was the route of the forward-Asiatic cultural stream which moved from the Near East to the west and spread the agriculture to the east coasts of Greece and Crete during the 5th millennium BC and then to the Balkan region and the whole of Europe. Later the use of bronze-working was transmitted through the Anatolian primary-cultures. The Hittites smelted rather brittle iron from the 15th century BC and the new metal was introduced in Greece. During the 20th century BC the Indo-European Hittites entered the region and gradually established a great empire which was destroyed by invaders in the 12th century. Greek-speaking populations moved to the west coasts and established cities up to the Black Sea. In the 6th century BC the kingdom of Lydia almost expanded to the whole of Asia Minor, until it became a satrapy of the Persian Empire. After the end of the Greek-Persian wars the cities on the coasts became part of the Delian League, which was, however, later dissolved. In the 4th century BC Alexander the Great conquered the peninsula, defeating the Persians. Following his death and the organisational deterioration of his empire, Asia Minor was ruled by a series of Hellenistic kingdoms which came under Roman control two hundred years later. The Kingdom of Pontus was independent from the 3rd century BC, until the middle of the 1st century BC.

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Boeotia
Boeotia, also spelled Beotia ( /biːˈoʊʃiə/ or /biːˈoʊʃə/; Greek: Βοιωτία, Modern Greek: [vi.oˈti.a], Ancient Greek: [bojɔːtía]; modern transliteration Voiotía, also Viotía, formerly Cadmeis), is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Greece. It was also a region of ancient Greece. Its capital is Livadeia, the largest city being Thebes.
Boeotia lies to the north of the eastern part of the Gulf of Corinth. It also has a short coastline on the Gulf of Euboea. It bordered on Megaris (now West Attica) in the south, Attica in the southeast, Chalcis (now part of the regional unit Euboea) in the northeast, Opuntian Locris (now part of Phthiotis) in the north and Phocis in the west.
The main mountain ranges of Boeotia are Mount Parnassus in the west, Mount Helicon in the southwest, Kithairon in the south and Parnitha in the east. Its longest river, the Cephissus (Kifisos), flows in the central part, where most of the low-lying areas of Boeotia are found. Lake Copais was a large lake in the center of Boeotia. It was drained in the 19th century. Lake Yliki is a large lake near Thebes.

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Chalkidiki
Halkidiki, also Chalkidiki, Chalcidice or Chalkidike (Greek: Χαλκιδική, [xalciðiˈci]), is a peninsula in northern Greece, and one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Macedonia. The autonomous Mount Athos region is part of the peninsula, but not of the regional unit. The capital of Chalkidiki is the main town of Polygyros, located in the centre of the peninsula.
The Cholomontas mountains lie in the northcentral part of Chalkidiki. Chalkidiki consists of a large peninsula in the northwestern Aegean Sea, resembling a hand with three "fingers" (though in Greek these peninsulas are often referred to as "legs") – Pallene (now Kassandra), Sithonia, and Agion Oros (the ancient Acte), which contains Mount Athos and its monasteries. Chalkidiki borders on the regional unit of Thessaloniki to the north.
Its largest towns are Nea Moudania (Νέα Μουδανιά), Nea Kallikrateia (Νέα Καλλικράτεια) and the main town of Polygyros (Πολύγυρος).
There are several summer resorts on the beaches of all three fingers where other minor towns and villages are located, such as at Yerakini (Gerakina Beach), Neos Marmaras (Porto Carras), Ouranoupolis, Nikiti, Psakoudia, Kallithea (Pallene/Pallini, Athos), Sani Resort and more.

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Corinthia
Corinthia (Greek: Κορινθία, Korinthía) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Peloponnese. It is situated around the city of Corinth, in the north-eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula.
Corinthia borders on Achaea to the west and southwest, the Gulf of Corinth and Attica to the north, the Saronic Gulf to the east, Argolis to the south and Arcadia to the southwest.
The Corinth Canal, carrying ship traffic between the Ionian and the Aegean seas, is about 4 km east of Corinth, cutting through the Isthmus of Corinth. The prefecture is increasingly seen as part of the wider metropolitan area of Athens, with municipalities, such as Agioi Theodoroi in the easternmost part of Corinthia, being considered suburbs of Athens.
The area around Corinth and the western Saronic including the southeastern part are made up of fault lines including the Corinth Fault, the Poseidon Fault and a fault running from Perahcora to Agioi Theodoroi. More faults are near Kiras Vrysi and Sofiko.

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Cyclades
The Cyclades ( /ˈsɪklədiːz/; Greek: Κυκλάδες, [cikˈlaðes]) is a Greek island group in the Aegean Sea, south-east of the mainland of Greece; and a former administrative prefecture of Greece. They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago. The name refers to the islands around (κυκλάς) the sacred island of Delos. The Cyclades is where the native Greek breed of cat (the Aegean cat) first came from.
The Cyclades comprise about 220 islands, the major ones being Amorgós, Anáfē, Ándros, Antíparos, Dēlos, Eschátē, Íos, Kéa, Kímōlos, Kýthnos, Mēlos, Mýkonos, Náxos, Páros, Folégandros, Sérifos, Sífnos, Síkinos, Sýros, Tēnos, and Thēra or Santoríni. Most of the smaller islands are uninhabited.
Ermoupolis, on Syros, is the chief town and administrative center of the former prefecture.
The islands are peaks of a submerged mountainous terrain, with the exception of two volcanic islands, Milos and Santorini (Thera). The climate is generally dry and mild, but with the exception of Naxos the soil is not very fertile: agricultural produce includes wine, fruit, wheat, olive oil, and tobacco. Cooler temperatures are in higher elevations and mainly do not receive wintry weather.

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Dodecanese
The Dodecanese (/doʊdɪkəˈniːz/; Greek: Δωδεκάνησα, Dodekánisa, [ðoðeˈkanisa]; literally 'twelve islands') are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean Sea, of which 26 are inhabited. Τhis island group generally defines the eastern limit of the Sea of Crete. They belong to the Southern Sporades island group. They have a rich history, and many of even the smallest inhabited islands boast dozens of Byzantine churches and medieval castles.
The most historically important and well-known is Rhodes (Rodos), which, for millennia, has been the island from which the region is controlled. Of the others, Kos and Patmos are historically more important; the remaining nine are Astipalea, Kalimnos, Karpathos, Kasos, Leros, Nisyros, Symi, Tilos and Kastelorizo (which actually lies in the eastern Mediterranean). Other islands in the chain include Agathonisi, Alimia, Arkoi, Chalki, Farmakonisi, Gyali, Kinaros, Levitha, Lipsi, Nimos, Pserimos, Saria, Syrna and Telendos.
The Dodecanese have been inhabited since prehistoric times. In the Neopalatial period on Crete, the islands were heavily Minoanized (contact beginning in the second millennium BC). Following the downfall of the Minoans, the islands were ruled by the Mycenaean Greeks from circa 1400 BC, until the arrival of the Dorians circa 1100 BC. It is in the Dorian period that they began to prosper as an independent entity, developing a thriving economy and culture through the following centuries. By the early Archaic Period Rhodes and Kos emerged as the major islands in the group, and in the 6th century BC the Dorians founded three major cities on Rhodes (Lindos, Kameiros and Ialyssos). Together with the island of Kos and the cities of Knidos and Halicarnassos on the mainland of Asia Minor, these made up the Dorian Hexapolis.

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East Attica
East Attica (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Ανατολικής Αττικής) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Attica. The capital of the regional unit is the town of Pallini. The regional unit covers the eastern part of the agglomeration of Athens, and also the rural area to its east.
The regional unit East Attica is subdivided into 13 municipalities. These are (number as in the map in the infobox):
As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform, the regional unit East Attica was created out of the former prefecture East Attica (Greek: νομαρχία Ανατολικής Αττικής). The prefecture had the same territory as the present regional unit. At the same time, the municipalities were reorganised, according to the table below.
The prefecture of East Attica was subdivided into three provinces: the Province of Marathon (capital Marathon), the Province of Mesogia (capital Koropi), and the Province of Lavriotiki (capital Lavrio). They were abolished before the Kallikratis programme came into effect.

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East Thrace
Coordinates: 41°9′13″N 27°22′0″E / 41.15361°N 27.366667°E / 41.15361; 27.366667
East Thrace or Eastern Thrace (Turkish: Doğu Trakya or simply Trakya; Bulgarian: Източна Тракия, Iztochna Trakiya; Greek: Ανατολική Θράκη, Anatoliki Thraki), also known as Turkish Thrace, is the part of the modern republic of Turkey that is geographically part of Europe, all in the eastern part of the historical region of Thrace; most of Turkey is in Anatolia, also known as Asia Minor. Turkish Thrace is also called European Turkey. This area includes the historic centre of old İstanbul (medieval Constantinople), as well as such cities as Edirne (the historical capital of the Ottoman vilayet that comprised all Thrace), Tekirdağ, Çorlu, Lüleburgaz and Kırklareli.
East Thrace, which is also known as European Turkey, holds about 12 percent of the population and has an area of 23,764 km² (3 percent of the country). Asiatic Turkey, called Anatolia or Asia Minor, has an area of 755,688 km² (97 percent of the country). The two are separated by the Dardanelles, Sea of Marmara and Straits of the Bosphorus, a route of about 361 km. The European portion is bordered on the west by Greece for 212 km and on the north by Bulgaria for 269 km.

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Evrytania
Evrytania (Greek: Ευρυτανία, alternative romanization Evritania, Latin: Eurytania) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Greece. Its capital is Karpenisi (approx. 8,200 inhabitants).
Evrytania is almost entirely formed of mountains, including the Tymfristos and the Panaitoliko in the south. Its rivers include the Acheloos in the west, Agrafiotis to the east, and Megdova in the east flowing down to the Ionian Sea. It is one of the least populated regional units in Greece. The area borders Aetolia-Acarnania to the west, southwest and south (west over the Acheloos river), Karditsa to the north, and Phthiotis to the east. Evrytania also features a famous skiing resort located near Karpenisi on the Tymfristos mountain.
Its climate is a mixture of Mediterranean and mountainous in the western portion. Much of the area receives snow in winter and is warm during the summer months.
The Greek National Road 38 from Agrinio to Lamia passes through the southern part of Evrytania and the town Karpenisi. On the border with Phthiotis, the GR-38 passes through the 1.4 km-long Tymfristos Tunnel since 2004.

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Greece
Greece ⁱ/ˈɡriːs/ (Greek: Ελλάδα, Ellada, IPA: [eˈlaða] ( listen) historically in Katharevousa and Ancient Greek: Ἑλλάς, Hellas, IPA: [eˈlas] and [helːás] respectively), officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Elliniki Dimokratia, IPA: [eliniˈci ðimokraˈtia]), is a country in Southern Europe, politically considered part of Western Europe.Athens is the capital and the largest city in the country (its urban area also including Piraeus). The population of the country is around 11 million.
Greece has land borders with Albania, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of mainland Greece, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the 11th longest coastline in the world at 13,676 km (8,498 mi) in length, featuring a vast number of islands (approximately 1,400, of which 227 are inhabited), including Crete, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades, and the Ionian Islands among others. Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains, of which Mount Olympus is the highest at 2,917 m (9,570 ft).

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Gulf of Corinth
The Gulf of Corinth or the Corinthian Gulf (Κορινθιακός Kόλπος, Korinthiakόs Kόlpos, in Greek) is a deep inlet of the Ionian Sea separating the Peloponnese from western mainland Greece. It is bounded in the east by the Isthmus of Corinth which includes the shipping route of the Corinth Canal, and in the west by the Strait of Rion, which separates the Gulf of Corinth from the outer Gulf of Patras at Cape Drepano, where the narrowest point is crossed by the Rio-Antirio bridge. The Gulf of Corinth is almost surrounded by the prefectures of Aetolia-Acarnania, Phocis in the north, Boeotia in the northeast, Attica in the east, Corinthia in the southeast and south and Achaea in the southwest. The gulf is one of the most seismically active regions in Europe.
In medieval times, the gulf was known as the Gulf of Lepanto. Here the third Battle of Lepanto was fought in 1571, destroying the Ottoman fleet. In 1772 another Turkish fleet was destroyed by the Russians at the entrance to the gulf. The town of Lepanto is now named Naupactus.

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Gulf of Patras
The Gulf of Patras (Greek: Πατραϊκός Κόλπος Patraikós Kólpos) is a branch of the Ionian Sea. On the east, it is closed by the Strait of Rion between capes Rio, Greece and Antirrio, near the Rio-Antirio bridge. On the west, it is bounded by a line from Oxeia island to Cape Araxos. It is 40–50 km long, 10–20 km wide, and has an area of 350–400 km².
The Port of Patras lies to the southeast and is the only major port on the gulf. It serves ferries to Ancona and Brindisi in Italy along with Kefallonia. Missolonghi also has a port. There are beaches in the south, the east and parts of the north. The old ports of Rio-Antirio lie east of the gulf. The gulf is rich in fish.
Three battles called the 'Battle of Lepanto' were fought in this gulf: that of 1499, that of 1500 and the largest of the three, that of 1571. Lepanto itself is in the Gulf of Corinth, not in the Gulf of Patras. A battle of Patras was fought here in 1772 between Russian and Ottoman fleets.
The ship Vivi hit a mine and sank 30 m below sea level on September 11, 1940.

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Imathia
Imathia (Greek: Ημαθία) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Macedonia. The capital of Imathia is the city of Veroia.
The regional unit Imathia is subdivided into 3 municipalities. These are (number as in the map in the infobox):
As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform, the regional unit Imathia was created out of the former prefecture Imathia (Greek: Νομός Ημαθίας). The prefecture had the same territory as the present regional unit. At the same time, the municipalities were reorganised, according to the table below.
Note: Provinces no longer hold any legal status in Greece since 2006.
Its geography include mountains are parts of Pierian Mountains to the southeast and the Vermion Mountains to the west. Much of the population is in the valley areas. The longest river is the Aliákmon river which flows to the south and east. Its reservoir is partially bounded with Kozani. Imathia's lowest point is the Thermaic Gulf and the highest point is Vermio to the west

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Laconia
Laconia (Greek: Λακωνία), also known as Lacedaemonia, is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Peloponnese. It is situated in the southeastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. Its administrative capital is Sparti (Sparta). The word "laconic" is derived from the name of the region by analogy - to speak in a concise way, as the Spartans were reputed by the Athenians to do.
Laconia borders on Messenia to the west, and Arcadia to the north. Laconia is surrounded by the Myrtoan Sea to the east and the Laconian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It encompasses Cape Malea and Cape Tainaron and a large part of the Mani Peninsula. The islands of Kythira and Antikythera lie to the south, but they administratively belong to the regional unit of Islands. The island Elafonisos, situated between the Laconian mainland and Kythira, is part of Laconia.
The Evrotas is the longest river in the prefecture. The valley of the Evrotas is predominantly an agricultural region that contains many citrus groves, olive groves and pasture lands. It is the location of the largest orange production in the Peloponnese and probably all of Greece. The brand of orange juice named after this prefecture Lakonia is based in Amykles.

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Lasithi
Lasithi (Greek: Λασίθι) is the easternmost regional unit on the island of Crete, to the east of Heraklion. Its capital is Agios Nikolaos, the other major towns being Ierapetra, Sitia and Neapoli. The mountains include the Dikte to the west and the Sitia Mountains to the east. The Sea of Crete lies to the north and the Libyan Sea to the south.
To the east of the village of Elounda lies the island of Spinalonga, formerly a Venetian fortress and a leper colony. On the foot of Mount Dikti lies the Lasithi Plateau, famous for its windmills. Vai is well known for its datepalm forest.
Thanks to stunning beaches and its mild climate year-long, Lasithi attracts many tourists. Mass tourism is served by places like Vai, Agios Nikolaos and the island of Chrissi. More off-beat tourism can be found in villages on the south coast like Myrtos, Makrys Gialos or Makrigialos, Xerokambos and Koutsouras.
Lasithi is home to a number of ancient remains. Vasiliki, Fournou Korifi, Pyrgos, Zakros and Gournia are ruins of Minoan date, Lato and Itanos were Doric towns.

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Lesbos Prefecture
Lesbos Prefecture (Greek: Νομός Λέσβου) was one of the prefectures of Greece. It comprised three main islands: Lesbos itself, Lemnos, and the smaller island of Agios Efstratios. In 2011 the prefecture was abolished and the territory is now covered by the regional units of Lesbos and Lemnos. Its capital was the town of Mytilene, on Lesbos.
Note: Provinces no longer hold any legal status in Greece.
Coordinates: 39°10′N 26°20′E / 39.167°N 26.333°E / 39.167; 26.333

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Magnesia Prefecture
Magnesia Prefecture (Greek: Νομός Μαγνησίας) was one of the prefectures of Greece. Its capital was Volos. It was established in 1899 from the Larissa Prefecture. The prefecture was disbanded on 1 January 2011 by the Kallikratis programme, and split into the regional units of Magnesia and the Sporades.
The toponym is ancient to the region.

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Messenia
Messenia (Greek: Μεσσηνία Messinia pronounced [mesiˈnia]) is a regional unit (perifereiaki enotita) in the southwestern part of the Peloponnese, one of 13 regions into which Greece has been divided by the Kallikratis plan, implemented 1 January 2011. Before 2011 Messenia was a nomos (prefecture). The capital and the biggest city of Messenia in either case has been the city of Kalamata.
Messenia borders on Elis to the north, Arcadia to the northeast, and Laconia to the southeast. The Ionian Sea lies to the west, and the Gulf of Messenia to the south. The most important mountain ranges are the Taygetus in the east, the Kyparissia mountains in the northwest and the Lykodimo in the southwest. The main rivers are the Neda in the north and the Pamisos in central Messenia.
Off the south coast of the southwesternmost point of Messenia lie the Messenian Oinousses islands. The largest of these are Sapientza, Schiza and Venetiko. The small island Sphacteria closes off the bay of Pylos. All these islands are virtually uninhabited.

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Panachaiko
The Panachaikon or Panachaiko (Greek: Παναχαϊκό, Ancient/Katharevousa: -ον, from παν-, "all" and αχαϊκόν, "Achaean"), also known as Vodias (Βοδιάς) in medieval times and until the early 20th century, is a mountain range that spans about 20 km in length from north to south (from Glafkos near Patras to Psathopyrgos), and 15 to 20 km from east to west (from east of Patras to west of Selianitika). It is the northernmost mountain range in the Peloponnese. The highest point is 1,928 m, variously given at 1,924, 1,925, and 1,926 m.
The mountain is home to two shelters, Greece's largest wind farm with 40 generators, which opened in 2006, and two communications stations. Snow is common in areas over 1,000 m in the winter. Paragliding is common in areas under 1,100 m. Due to overgrazing, frequent forest fires, and the appropriation of land for housing, the mountain's ecology and soil have suffered greatly, to the extent that much of the soil is now barren or can only support herbaceous vegetation. The range is sparsely forested, mainly on its western and southern slopes, while the most fertile areas lie on the eastern and western slopes.

wn.com/Panachaiko
Peloponnese
The Peloponnese, Peloponnesos or Peloponnesus (Greek: Πελοπόννησος, Pelopónnisos; see also list of Greek place names), is a large peninsula, located in a region of southern Greece, forming the part of the country south of the Gulf of Corinth. During the late Middle Ages and the Ottoman era, the peninsula was known as the Morea (Greek: Μωρέας, colloq. Μωριάς), a name still in colloquial use.
The peninsula is divided among three regions of Greece: most of it belongs to the Peloponnese region, and parts belong to the West Greece and Attica regions.
It was here that the Greek War of Independence began; the Peloponnesians have had an almost total dominance of politics and government in Greece since then.
The Peloponnese covers an area of some 21,549.6 km² (8,320 square miles) and constitutes the southernmost part of mainland Greece. While technically it may be considered an island, since the construction of the Corinth Canal in 1893 – like other peninsulas that have been separated from their mainland by man-made bodies of waters – it is rarely, if ever, referred to as an "island". It has two land connections with the rest of Greece, a natural one at the Isthmus of Corinth, and an artificial one in the shape of the Rio-Antirio bridge (completed 2004).

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Phocis
Phocis (Greek: Φωκίδα, pronounced [foˈciða], Ancient Greek: Φωκίς [pʰɔːkís]) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Central Greece. It stretches from the western mountainsides of Parnassus on the east to the mountain range of Vardousia on the west, upon the Gulf of Corinth. It is named after the ancient region of Phocis, but the modern regional unit also includes parts of ancient Locris and Doris.
Modern Phocis has an area of 2120 km² (819 mi²), of which 560 km² (216 mi²) are forested, 36 km² (14 mi²) are plains, and the remainder is mountainous. The massive ridge of Parnassus (2,459 m/8,068 ft), which traverses the heart of the country, divides it into two distinct portions. The neighboring prefectures are Aetolia-Acarnania to the west, Phthiotis to the north and Boeotia to the east. Much of the south and east are deforested and rocky and mountainous while the valley runs from Itea up to Amfissa. Forests and greenspaces are to the west, the central part and the north.

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Phthiotis
Phthiotis (Greek: Φθιώτιδα, Fthiótida, [fθiˈotiða]; ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Φθιώτις) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Central Greece. The capital is the city of Lamia. It is bordered by the Malian Gulf to the east, Boeotia in the south, Phocis in the south, Aetolia-Acarnania in the southwest, Evrytania in the west, Karditsa in the north, Larissa in the north, and Magnesia in the northeast. The name dates back to ancient times. It is best known as the home of Achilles.
Much of the areas within the shorelines are mountainous from the southern part with a few low-lying areas but the lowlands are in the central part and a length of 200 to 500 m in average in the north and in the Cephissus and the Spercheios valleys. GR-1 used to encircle the western part of the shoreline of Phthiotis until a tunnel opened up. Mountains dominate the south, the southwest, the further west and the north.
The prefecture in the 1950s began construction of the GR-1 (Athens - Lamia - Thessaloniki). The highway bypassed Lamia. In the 1980s and 1990s, most of the road was upgraded to the limited access Motorway 1. The section around the gulf of Malia, between Kamena Vourla and Stylida has not been upgraded yet.

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Samos Prefecture
Samos Prefecture (Greek: Νομός Σάμου) was a prefecture in Greece, consisting of the islands of Samos, Ikaria and the smaller islands of Fournoi Korseon. In 2011 the prefecture was abolished and the territory is now covered by the regional units of Samos and Ikaria. Its capital was the town of Vathy, on Samos.
The provinces were:
Coordinates: 37°44′N 26°50′E / 37.733°N 26.833°E / 37.733; 26.833

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Thesprotia
Thesprotia (Greek: Θεσπρωτία) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the Epirus region. Its capital is the town of Igoumenitsa. It is named after the Thesprotians, an ancient Greek tribe that inhabited the region in antiquity.
The territory of Thesprotia remained under Ottoman rule until 1913, when it was annnexed by the Greek state after the First Balkan War. Until 1937, when the separate prefecture of Thesprotia was established, the area was part of the Ioannina Prefecture.
Thesprotia borders Albania to the north, the regional unit of Ioannina to the east and Preveza to the south. The Ionian Sea lies to the west. Much of the prefecture is mountainous. Most farmland is located in the valleys in the central, southern and the western part. Two of Thesprotia's rivers are legendary: the Thyamis and the Acheron of Greek mythology, lined with reedbeds and plane trees.
Thesprotia's coastal climate is Mediterranean. Cold winters of a semi-alpine climate dominate the eastern part and higher elevations.

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Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki (Greek: Θεσσαλονίκη [θesaloˈnici] ( listen)), also known as Thessalonica ( /ˌθɛsəlɵˈnaɪkə/) and historically known as Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of the region of Central Macedonia as well as the capital of the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace. Its honorific title is Συμπρωτεύουσα (Symprotévusa), literally "co-capital", and stands as a reference to its historical status as the Συμβασιλεύουσα (Symvasilévousa), "co-reigning" city of the Byzantine Empire, alongside Constantinople.
According to the 2011 census the municipality of Thessaloniki today has a population of 322,240, while the Thessaloniki Urban Area (the contiguous built up area forming the "City of Thessaloniki") has a population of 790,824; making it the fifth largest and most populated city in the Balkans and the second most populated city that is not a capital. Furthermore, the Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area extends over an area of 1,455.62 km² (562.02 sq mi) and its population in 2011 reached a total of 1,006,730 inhabitants.

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West Attica
West Attica (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Δυτικής Αττικής) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Attica. The capital of the regional unit is the town of Elefsina. The regional unit covers the western part of the agglomeration of Athens, and the area to its west.
The regional unit West Attica is subdivided into 5 municipalities. These are (number as in the map in the infobox):
As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform, the regional unit West Attica was created out of the former prefecture West Attica (Greek: νομαρχία Δυτικής Αττικής). The prefecture had the same territory as the present regional unit. At the same time, the municipalities were reorganised, according to the table below.
The prefecture of West Attica was subdivided into two provinces: the Province of Megaris (capital Megara), and the Province of Eleusis (capital Elefsina). They were abolished before the Kallikratis programme came into effect.

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Zakynthos
Zakynthos [ˈzakinθos] ( listen), also Zante, the other form often used in English and in Italian (Greek: Ζάκυνθος; Venetian: Zacinto), is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands. Zakynthos is a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and its only municipality. It covers an area of 410 km² (158 sq mi) and its coastline is roughly 123 km (76 mi) in length. The island is named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus. The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin. Zakynthos has a thriving tourism industry.
Zakynthos was inhabited from the Neolithic Age, as some archaeological excavations have proved.
The famous ancient Greek poet and writer, Homer, first mentioned the island in his masterpieces, the Iliad and the Odyssey, stating that the first inhabitants of it were the son of King Dardanos of Troy called Zakynthos and his men and that they first came on the island around 1500–1600 BC^{[citation needed]}.

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Alexon
Alexon (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξων) was an ancient Greek mercenary from Achaea, who served in the Carthaginian garrison at Lilybaeum while it was besieged by the Romans in 250 BC, during the First Punic War. During this siege some of the Gallic mercenaries engaged in the service of the Carthaginians began planning to betray the fortress into the hands of the Romans. But Alexon, who had on a former occasion saved the town of Agrigentum from a similar attempt of treacherous mercenaries, now acted in the same spirit, and gave information of the plot to the Carthaginian commander Himilco. He also assisted him in inducing the remaining mercenaries to stay faithful and resist the temptations offered by their comrades.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1867). "^{article name needed}". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.

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Anagnostis Petimezas
Anagnostis Petimezas (Greek: Αναγνώστης Πετιμεζάς, 17th century - 1824) was a Greek revolutionary leader during the Greek War of Independence.
He was born in 1765 in Soudena near Kalavryta and was descended from the historic Petmezades family. He was the son of Sotiris, brother of Athanasios which he in Voussoka. He took part in the battles of Kalavryta, Acrocorinth, Tripoli where he was a mandate of Theodoros Kolokotronis, etc.
He was assassinated with his son Sotiris at Vasiliko near Sicyon and Corinth in 1822 as he was addressing against the dramali.

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Anchialus
In Greek mythology, the name Anchialus (Ἀγχίαλος) may refer to:

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Andreas Kontogouris
Andreas Kontogouris (Greek: Ανδρέας Κοντογούρης, 1700s - 1824) was a Greek revolutionary leader during the Greek War of Independence.
He was born in the island of Cefalonia at the time it was in Venetian hands and later moved to Patras, on the present-day mainland of Greece, in 1786.
Kontogouris was counsellor to France, Spain, United States and other governments. He accumulated a great fortune and participated during the revolution. He also ran the Cefalonian Body, which he equipped at his own expense. When the Turks invaded Patras, he was chased away and returned to Kefalonia. Before he left, he put the lights on in his warehouses, most of which were full; consequently, his goods remained out of the hands of the Turks.^{[clarification needed]}

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Andreas Mikroutsikos
Andreas Mikroutsikos (Greek: Ανδρέας Μικρούτσικος; 1951) is a composer, lyricist, singer and TV presenter. He is the brother of Thanos Mikroutsikos and is considered to be Greece's "reality king". His top hits were Hameno Nisi (Lost Island), To Koutsouraki (Little Log), Kiklopaki (Little Cyclops) and Oso Girizei i Gi (As Long As The Earth Turns Around). In 1991 Greece participated in the Eurovision Song Contest with his song Anixi sung by Sophia Vossou (Greek: Σοφία Βόσσου), finishing in 13th place. An album with the same title was released the same year, which is considered to be his best.
During the 1990s, Mikroutsikos presented the famous TV game show To Megalo Pazari (The Great Bazaar - Greek version of Let's Make a Deal). By moving from Mega Channel to ANT1 he was the first to introduce reality shows to the Greek public. His shows have been criticised by many, despite good TV ratings. Mikroutsikos presented the first and second series of the famous reality show Big Brother on the ANT1 channel. He also presented ANT1's music academy Fame Story.

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Angelos Roufos
Angelos (Angelis) Roufos (Greek: Άγγελος Ρούφος, 1852-20th century) was a Greek politician from Achaea.
He was born in 1852 in Patras and he was son of Benizelos Rouphos, a part of the Rouphos family of the politics in Patras. He was elected three times in parliament. In 1899, he was the voted councillor of the city of Patras and ran for the Roufiko Party along with his brother Athanasios Kanakaris-Roufos in which he was also councillor. He died somewhere in the 20th century.

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Aristarchus of Samos
Aristarchus (310 BC – ca. 230 BC), was an ancient Greek astronomer and mathematician who presented the first known model that placed the Sun at the center of the known universe with the Earth revolving around it (see Solar system). He was influenced by Philolaus of Croton, but he identified the "central fire" with the Sun, and put the other planets in their correct order of distance around the Sun. His astronomical ideas were often rejected in favor of the geocentric theories of Aristotle and Ptolemy.
His name is Ἀρίσταρχος in Greek letters, which transliterates to Aristarchos. He was born on the island of Samos, in the eastern Aegean Sea.
Though the original text has been lost, a reference in Archimedes' book The Sand Reckoner (Archimedis Syracusani Arenarius & Dimensio Circuli) describes another work by Aristarchus in which he advanced the heliocentric model as an alternative hypothesis. Archimedes wrote:
Aristarchus thus believed the stars to be very far away, and that in consequence there was no observable parallax, that is, a movement of the stars relative to each other as the Earth moves around the Sun. The stars are much farther away than was generally assumed in ancient times; and since stellar parallax is only detectable with telescopes, his speculation although accurate was unprovable at the time.

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Asimakis Fotilas
Asimakis Fotilas (Greek: Ασημάκης Φωτήλας) (1761–1835) was a Greek politician and a revolutionary leader.
He was born in Kalavryta and was a chief (elder) of Kalavryta who took part in the Greek War of Independence. Nearly two months before the start of the war, in January 1821, he took part in the Vostitsa council. In March 1821, he took part in the Ayia Lavra council and supported the idea of immediate action against the Turks. He was vice-president of the Peloponissian Senate and president of the parliament in 1822. He took part in the Georgios Kountouriotis government in 1824 from which he resigned quickly and became a political opponent of Kountouriotis. He was prosecuted by Kountouriotis and his house was plundered. Later, when King Otto came to power he was re-instated and became a general.

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Benizelos Rouphos
Benizelos Rouphos (Greek: Μπενιζέλος Ρούφος) (1795 - 1868) was a Greek politician and Prime Minister. Rouphos was born in Patras in 1795, a scion of the wealthy Rouphos-Kanakaris family. He was the son of Athanasios Kanakaris who fought during the Greek War of Independence. During the government of Ioannis Kapodistrias (1828 - 1830), Rouphos became governor of Elia. Later he would also serve as Foreign Minister. In 1855, Rouphos was elected Mayor of Patras, a post he held for three years. When King Otto was exiled in 1862, Rouphos became one of three viceroys - along with Konstantinos Kanaris and Dimitrios Voulgaris - that held power from October 10, 1862 until October 19, 1863. Rouphos served three times as Prime Minister of Greece. He died in Patras on March 18, 1868.

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Bryson of Achaea
Bryson of Achaea (or Bryson the Achaean; Greek: Βρύσων; fl. 330 BCE) was an ancient Greek philosopher.
Very little information is known about him. He was said to have been a pupil of Stilpo and Clinomachus, which would mean that he was a philosopher of the Megarian school. He was said to have taught Crates the Cynic,Pyrrho the Skeptic, and Theodorus the Atheist.Diogenes Laërtius includes him among a list of philosophers who left no writings.
He is probably not the same person as Bryson of Heraclea, the sophist and mathematician who seems to have lived in the time of Socrates. The Suda, in its entry on Socrates, may be confusing the two Brysons when it refers to Bryson of Heraclea:
Bryson of Heraclea introduced eristic dialectic after Euclides, whereas Clinomachus augmented it, and whereas many came on account of it, it came to an end with Zeno of Citium, for he gave it the name Stoic, after its location, this having occurred in the 105th Olympiad; but some [say that] Bryson was a student not of Socrates but of Euclides

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Christos Laskaris
Christos Laskaris (Greek: Χρίστος Λάσκαρης, 1931 – December 11, 2008) was a Greek poet.
Laskaris was born in the village of Chavari in Ilia, but moved to Patras as a child. He studied at the Pedagogical Academy of Tripoli, but did not became a teacher; instead, he worked his entire career in the insurance division of the Patras city bus authority. He was awarded the Cavafy International Award in Cairo in 2007.

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Constantine Kanaris
Constantine Kanaris or Canaris (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Κανάρης) (1793 or 1795 – September 2, 1877) was a Greek Prime Minister, admiral and politician who in his youth was a freedom fighter in the Greek War of Independence.
He was born and grew up on the island of Psara, close to the island of Chios, in the Aegean. His exact year of birth is unknown. The official records of the Hellenic Navy indicate 1795 but modern Greek historians believe that 1793 is more probable.
Constantine was left an orphan at a young age. Having to support himself, he chose to became a seaman like most members of his family since the beginning of the 18th century. He was hired as a boy on the brig of his uncle Dimitris Bourekas.
Constantine gained his fame during the Greek War of Independence (1821–1829). Unlike most other prominent figures of the War, he had never been initiated in to the Filiki Eteria (Friendly Society), which played a significant role in the revolution against the Ottoman Empire, primarily by secret recruitment of supporters against the Empire.

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Danielis
Danielis (Greek: Δανιηλίς, Daniēlís, fl. 9th century AD) was a widowed Byzantine noblewoman from Patras. According to the written tradition (continuing in the tradition of Theophanes) she was an extremely wealthy landowner, owning a significant part of the Peloponnese, as well as a flourishing carpet and textile industry.
Danielis became acquainted with the future emperor Basil I the Macedonian during a visit he made in Patras when he was still an attendant of an imperial delegate. For some reason or other, Danielis offered Basil lavish gifts and land property which proved useful in his subsequent ascent to the imperial throne. She also travelled to Constantinople with a large retinue, in order to visit Basil after he became emperor, in what the chronicles describe as an extravagant journey. Her loyalty to the throne was rewarded with the title of King Mother (Basileomētōr). She outlived Basil I and named Basil's son Leo VI the Wise as her heir. Leo released 3,000 of her slaves and sent them to settle in Southern Italy.

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Dimitrios Gounaris
Dimitrios Gounaris (Greek: Δημήτριος Γούναρης) (January 5, 1866, Patras – November 15, 1922, Athens) was the Prime Minister of Greece from March 10, 1915 to August 23, 1915 and April 8, 1921 to May 16, 1922. Leader of the People's Party, he was the main right-wing opponent of his contemporary Eleftherios Venizelos.
He studied law in Athens University and continued his studies in Germany, France and England, before returning to his native Patras. He was elected deputy for Achaea in 1902 and distinguished himself as an orator and a member of the so-called "Japanese Group" that opposed the Georgios Theotokis government in 1906 - 1908. Gounaris himself, however, joined the government in 1908 as Finance Minister, hoping to implement a reformist program, thereby causing the dissolution of the group, although he was soon forced to resign. Despite his progressive views (he was an admirer of the Bismarckian German social laws), his conservative political thinking turned him into a leading opponent of Eleftherios Venizelos. He was appointed Prime Minister after Venizelos' first resignation in 1915 by King Constantine I. For his anti-Venizelist role he was exiled with other prominent anti-Venizelists to Corsica in 1917 after Venizelos' return to power in Athens. He managed to escape to Italy in 1918, but was able to return to Greece only in 1920, as to partake in the crucial November elections as the de facto leader of the "United Opposition", amidst the ongoing Asia Minor Campaign.

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Dimitrios Maximos
Dimitrios E. Maximos (Greek: Δημήτριος Μάξιμος) was a Greek banker and politician. He briefly served as Prime Minister of Greece after World War II.
Maximos was born in 1873 in Patras. He began his career in banking. Between 1933 and 1935, he became Foreign Minister of the government of Panagis Tsaldaris. He was Prime Minister of Greece in 1947. He died on 17 October 1955.
His house in central Athens, the Maximos Mansion, serves since 1982 as the official seat of the Prime Minister of Greece.

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Eperatus
Eperatus (Epiratos) of Pharae in Achaea was an Ancient Greek general of the 3rd century BC.
He was elected strategos of the Achaean League in 219 BC. This was done by the intrigues of Apelles, the adviser of Philip V of Macedon, and in opposition to Timoxenus, who was supported by Aratus of Sicyon. Eperatus was held universally in low estimation, and was in fact totally unfit for his office, on which he entered in 218 BC, so that, when his year had expired, he left numerous difficulties to Aratus, who succeeded him.

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Eurypylus
In Greek mythology, Eurypylus (Greek: Εὐρύπυλος) was the name of several different people. Of them the best known are two participants in the Trojan War: one (the son of Euaemon) on the side of the Achaeans, and the other (the son of Telephus) on the side of the Trojans.
Eurypylus was a Thessalian king, son of Euaemon and Ops. Another source gives his mother's name as either Deipyle or Deityche. Alternate genealogies made him a son of Hyperochus and father of Ormenus.
Eurypylus led the Thessalians during the Trojan War being a former suitor of Helen. He led one of the larger contingents of ships, 40. He fought valiantly and is often listed amongst the first rank of Greek heroes such as Idomeneus, Diomedes, Ajax, etc. In the Iliad he was one of several to accept Hector's challenge to single combat, but was eliminated in the drawing of lots. He went to the aid of Ajax the Great when the latter was wounded and tired from hard fighting and was compelled to withdraw from combat: in defending Ajax he killed Apisaon but was wounded in the thigh and put out of action from one of Paris' arrows. This happened in the same book that all the other major Greeks were wounded and put out of action. When he withdrew from battle, his wounds were tended by Patroclus. While Patroclus was tending his wound Eurypylus convinced the former to enter into combat even if Achilles refused to join. Eurypylus slew no less than four opponents, including the aforementioned Apisaon, Hypsenor, Melanthius and Axion: this makes the account of Hyginus wrong in informing that Eurypylus killed only one defender of Troy. He was also one of the Greeks to enter the Trojan Horse.

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Giorgos Giannias
Giorgos Giannias or Yiorgos Yiannias (Greek: Γιώργος Γιαννιάς, d. June 13, 1821 near Koumani) was a Greek revolutionary leader born in Prostovitsa, a village now known as Drosia in Achaia. He was the brother of Konstantinos Giannias.
On March 1821, he entered as one of the first in the revolution with a small strategic army. He gave all the battles and mainly the Turks from Lalas. On March 27, he battled with 1,500 Turks in the Katsaros narrows in which 120 Turks died. Many folk music brought into his heroic battle. Next to the location in which the battle of Antroni (Spartoulia - Σπαρτουλιά) in which had a memory in honor of him.
On June 13, all the Greek were in Lala by the boundary with Ilia, he held the vanguard of the Greek battlefield. In one view of the Lalians in Koumani brought in 100 man in front of a large spot of the Turks, many commanders fled the area. It remained 8 men and worsely battled, after the end, they battled until all of them fell.

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Ioannis Diakidis
Ioannis Diakidis (Greek: Ιωάννης Διακίδης), 1867–1962) was a Greek writer. He was born on the island of Symi in the Dodecanese at the time was part of the Ottoman Empire. He was a soccer player at the Panachaikos with many wins in games. He constructed a mountainous refuge in the Panachaiko mountains, he gave to the government a residence at Korinthou Street and he donated the funds to build the School of People where it was named Diakideios (Greek: Διακίδειος) to honor him. He was the brother of Themistoklis Diakidis, olympic medal winner.

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Ioannis Roufos
Ioannis Roufos (Greek: Ιωάννης Ρούφος, 1870-1908) was a Greek politician.
He was the son of Georgios Rouphos, a politician and the 11th Mayor of Patras and a grandson of Benizelos Rouphos, a Prime Minister of Greece and Mayor of Patras, he is descended from the Rouphos-Kanakaris families with many generations of politicians and descended from southern Italy.
He was a politician of Achaea in 1899, he died early in 1908. The newspaper Neologos wrote on his death in which the Public Council in it did not receive voting condolescences.

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Konstantis Petimezas
Konstantinos Petimezas (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Πετιμεζάς) (1764–1824) was a Greek revolutionary leader during the Greek War of Independence and a soldier.
He was born in 1764 in Soudena near Kalavryta. He had a brother Anagnostis and was descended from the historic Petmezades family. He left after his father was assassinated in 1804 to Zakynthos and became a Russian army officer. He entered the Filiki Etaireia and took part of the Siege of Tripoli, Battle of Levidi, Battle of Nafplio, and the Siege of Patras. He took part in the national council of Astros. In the civil war, he teamed up with Theodoros Kolokotronis.
He died in 1824.

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Kostas Katsouranis
Konstantinos "Kostas" Katsouranis (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος "Κώστας" Κατσουράνης) (born 21 June 1979) is a Greek footballer who plays for Panathinaikos FC and the Greek national team as a defensive midfielder. He is a "reasonable goal threat despite being notionally a defensive midfielder
He was only 17 years old when he debuted in the 1996–97 season for the Patras-based club Panachaiki. He spent six seasons there and, by the third, was a regular starter.
When his contract with Panachaiki expired, Katsouranis decided that it was time to move forward to a bigger club. He opened negotiations with Panathinaikos, but the coach, Fernando Santos, decided to sign Portuguese Carlos Chaínho, a player he knew when at FC Porto, which meant Katsouranis' transfer would not be finalized.
Olympiacos then approached the Greek. The talks with the vice-president of the club, Giorgos Louvaris, seemed final, but Louvaris asked Katsouranis to wait until the president, Sokratis Kokkalis, returned from a business trip to the United States for the final negotiations. But former AEK Athens president Chrysostomos Psomiadis took advantage of the situation and convinced the promising midfielder to sign a three-year contract with AEK Athens.

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Markos Sklivaniotis
Markos Sklivaniotis (Greek: Μάρκος Σκληβανιώτης) is a Greek writer and a poet.
He was born in Patras, Greece, 1954. He studied chemical engineering in Aristotelion University of Thessaloniki and following that he was engaged in research in the University of Leeds, UK, achieving his Ph.D. degree in 1982. He is now working in Patras, In the Municipal Water Utility Sector DEYAP.
All of these two links are only available in the Greek language:

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Melanippus
In Greek mythology, there were nine people named Melanippus (Μελάνιππος):

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Myscellus
Myscellus (Gr. Μύσκελλος or Μύσκελος) was a native of Rhypes, one of the twelve divisions of Achaea, and, according to Ovid, a Heraclid, and the son of an Argive named Alemon (from whence he was called by the patronymic "Alemonides"). He led the colony which founded Crotona in 710 BC. They were assisted in founding the city by Archias, who was on his way to Sicily. The colony was led forth under the sanction of the Delphic oracle, Myscellus having previously been to survey the locality. He was so much better pleased with the site of Sybaris that on his return he made an unsuccessful attempt to persuade the Delphic god to allow the colonists to select Sybaris as their place of settlement.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1867). "^{article name needed}". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.

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Nikolaos Kontopoulos
Nikolaos Kontopoulos (Greek: Νικόλαος Κοντόπουλος, 1889 - 1958) was a Greek writer.
He was born in the village of Loussika in Achaea in which is now a prefecture in Greece. He studied in Athens and later studied as a studend and as a professor at the Polytechnical school. He wrote many books.

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Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire or Turkish Empire or Sublime Ottoman State or sometimes also referred to as Turkey (Ottoman Turkish: دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه Devlet-i ʿAliyye-yi ʿOsmâniyye (also عثمانلى دولتى Osmanlı Devleti),Modern Turkish: Osmanlı Devleti or Osmanlı İmparatorluğu) was a Turkish empire which lasted from 27 July 1299 to 1 November 1922, when the Sultanate was abolished.
The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and longest lasting empires in history; such that the Ottoman State, its politics, conflicts, and cultural heritage in a vast geography provide one of the longest continuous narratives. During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the empire was one of the most powerful states in the world – a multinational, multilingual empire that stretched from the southern borders of the Holy Roman Empire to the outskirts of Vienna, Royal Hungary (modern Slovakia) and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the north to Yemen and Eritrea in the south; from Algeria in the west to Azerbaijan in the east; controlling much of southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. At the beginning of the 17th century the empire contained 32 provinces and numerous vassal states, some of which were later absorbed into the empire, while others were granted various types of autonomy during the course of centuries.

wn.com/Ottoman_Empire
Panagiotakis Fotilas
For another Greek revolutionary leader, see Asimakis Fotilas
Panagiotakis Fotilas (Greek: Παναγιωτάκης Φωτήλας, d. 1824) was a Greek politician and a revolutionary leader. He was the son of Asimakis.
Fotilas was born in Kalavryta. On March 19, 1821, he attempted to kill the Turks in Sopoto. He battled in the battle of Lalas and the Siege of Patras.

wn.com/Panagiotakis_Fotilas
Panagiotis Karatzas
Panagiotis Karatzas (Greek: Παναγιώτης Καρατζάς, 17th century - 1824) was a Greek revolutionary leader. During his childhood years, he show his and battled against the Turks and disrupt with the other Turks. He fled for the Ionian Islands which was than under English rule and moved to Zakynthos and enrolled into the British Army at the 3rd Greek Legion. He returned to Patras in 1809.

wn.com/Panagiotis_Karatzas
Socrates of Achaea
Socrates (ca 436 BC – 401 BC) was a Greek mercenary general from Achaea who traveled to Persia to fight at the Battle of Cunaxa. Xenophon describes him as brave in war and a reliable friend. Socrates was summoned by Cyrus, with whom he was already connected, to bring as many troops as he could muster under the pretense that Cyrus intended to attack Tissaphernes. Socrates had previously been besieging Miletus alongside Pasion the Megarian. Socrates brought Cyrus about 500 Hoplites. Socrates and the other troops were only later told that Cyrus intended to seize the Persian throne from his brother Artaxerxes. Socrates fought at the Battle of Cunaxa and the Greek forces were able to drive the Persians into retreat, but Cyrus and his force faced heavy casualties and Cyrus himself was killed in battle.
With Cyrus dead, the Greek troops were left in limbo, trying to make arrangements to return home first with Ariaeus (Cyrus' good friend and second in command at the battle) and then with Tissaphernes ( the Persian general at the battle). Eventually Socrates and several other Greek generals were betrayed by Tissaphernes and Ariaeus. Socrates, along with Clearchus, Agis of Arcadia, Menon of Thessaly and Proxenus of Boeotia were summoned for a cordial meeting in the tent of Tissaphernes. They were seized and taken to Artaxerxes, where they were beheaded.

wn.com/Socrates_of_Achaea
Sokratis Skartsis
Sokratis Skartsis (Greek: Σωκράτης Σκαρτσής, born 1936) is a Greek poet and writer, as well as a professor in the University of Patras. He is also a founding member of the University of Patras Poetry Symposium. He has published 150 books, including poetry, literature studies, etc.

wn.com/Sokratis_Skartsis
Spyridon Vassiliadis
Spyridon Vassiliadis (Greek: Σπυρίδων Βασιλειάδης, 1845 - 1877) was a Greek poet and a theatrical writer. He studied law other than his writings. He wrote many poetic books and theatrical works in which many were translated into French. He became a member of the Parnassos Philological Society. He died at a young age.

wn.com/Spyridon_Vassiliadis
Spyros Vrettos
Spyros Vrettos (Greek: Σπύρος Βρεττός, born 1960 in the island of Lefkada) is a Greek poet. He later studied at law school in the University of Athens.

wn.com/Spyros_Vrettos
Thanos Mikroutsikos
Athanasios (Thanos) Mikroutsikos (Greek: Θάνος Μικρούτσικος) (1947- ) was born in Patras, Greece and is one of the leading composers of popular and classical music in his home country. He studied music theory and piano at the Patras Philharmonic Society and at the Greek Conservatory and continued under Yiannis A. Papaioannou. While studying music he graduated with a degree in Mathematics from the University of Athens.
He blends a lot of musical traditions in his work, from popular to electronic. He has composed a lot of songs based on poems by Greek and foreign poets, such as Euripides, Aristophanes, Constantine P. Cavafy, Giorgos Seferis, Yannis Ritsos, Odysseas Elytis and Nikos Kavvadias as well as Bertolt Brecht, Nazim Hikmet, Wolf Biermann, Vladimir Mayakovsky and Maurice Maeterlinck. He has also written operas, symphonic music, chamber music and music for the theatre and cinema.
One of his most popular works was the setting to music of poems by Nikos Kavvadias in his albums Grammes Orizonton (Horizons' Lines) and Stavros tou Notou (Southern Cross). Some of the music was originally written for a TV series, the theme of which was marine. The songs were liked and he went on to the studio to record some more many of which were included in the aforementioned albums.

wn.com/Thanos_Mikroutsikos
Timoleon Ambelas
Timleon Ambelas (Greek: Τιμολέων Αμπελάς, 1850 - 1929) was a Greek poet.
Ampelas was born in the city of Patras in Greece and he lived much of his time in the capital city of Athens and in the island of Syros. He studied law in 1874 and became justice and withdrew totally from the judicial branch as judge of the court of appeal. From those members of the Philological Council of Athens Parnassos. He began to write theatrical works.
Here are several works created by Ampelas:
Τιμολέων Αμπελάς

wn.com/Timoleon_Ambelas
Vassilis Makris
Vassilis Makris (Greek: Βασίλης Μακρής) was born in Patras, Greece in 1958.
He is a professional photographer, highly specialised in applied photography, particularly architectural photography and interior photography.
His - amateur - involvement with photography began very early, in 1974. He started working as a professional photographer in Greece, in 1985 when he also published his first works. In 1987 he photographed museums and historical buildings, in New York. He specialised in architectural photography and in 1989 he started taking photographs of houses and interiors in Los Angeles. The same year he began his long co-operation with magazines specialising in architecture and interior design, published in Greece and internationally.
He, also, takes photographs on behalf of advertising, hotel, shipping, air transport, construction and publishing companies and his pictures appear in prestigious American and European publications.
In 2002 the album "Houses in Greece - Under the sun" ISBN 960-7563-91-3 (Σπίτια στην Ελλάδα - Κάτω απ’ τον ήλιο) with photographs of the interiors of Greek houses, was published. In 2003 the album "The Face of Athens" ISBN 960-7563-99-9 (Το πρόσωπο της Αθήνας) with photographs from the architectural tour of the journalist, Nikos Vatopoulos, became a "best seller" and was published in English (2004) and republished (2008).

wn.com/Vassilis_Makris
Xenofon Verykios
Xenofon Verykios (Greek: Ξενοφών Βερύκιος) is a Greek poet, and a professor in chemical mechanics at the University of Patras.
The professor is the member of the Administrative Committee of TEI of the Ionian Islands and benefactor, he does reports and has benefits on an innovator at the production of electrical energy from biomatic uses as the first glass experiment. He made several proceedings that succeeded the ciphered dirt emission He is also the president of the Poetic Symposium and member of many unions and councils with his benefits.

wn.com/Xenofon_Verykios

...Because Achaea is a Ballache.

I don't mean to offend anyone, apart from Cooper and the entire Achaean Team. I played for...

published: 04 May 2012

author: Prawnographic

Iron Realms Interview with Justin Walsh - Achaea Producer P1 of 3

This interview with Justin Walsh (Tecton) of Achaea is part 1 of 3. Justin is the producer...

published: 12 Jul 2011

author: IronRealmsTube

5 Minute Adventures - Achaea 1

Jeremy Stratton spends a quick 5-minutes playing and rambling about games that might be to...

published: 06 Aug 2012

author: Jeremy Stratton

5 Minute Adventures - Achaea 4

Jeremy Stratton spends a quick 5-minutes playing and rambling about games that might be to...

published: 08 Sep 2012

author: Jeremy Stratton

Addicted to Achaea Part 1B

This is Addicted to Achaea part 1b. Well, or it's just part 1 v.2. Hehe. Hope you guys enj...

published: 07 Jun 2008

author: azuredragondancer

Playing Achaea during a L4D campaign got me killed

playing Achaea during L4D...

published: 14 Oct 2011

author: ediotdjbb

Achaea on The Screen Savers

Achaea as mentioned on The Screen Savers, around 2004 or something....

published: 22 May 2010

author: DelphinusW

Addicted to Achaea PART 2

You know you're addicted to Achaea when......

published: 29 Mar 2008

author: azuredragondancer

Addicted to Achaea Part 5!

Alright, so this is our REAL five....

published: 18 May 2008

author: azuredragondancer

The Mythos of Achaea Chapter 1: Genesis

I have a program on my PC called Crazy Talk, which allows you to import photos, manipulate...

published: 09 Apr 2007

author: mageman310784

Achaea - Wiki Article

, sometimes transliterated from Greek as Akhaïa (Greek: Αχαΐα Achaïa, axaˈia), is one of t...

published: 28 Oct 2012

author: WikiPlays

Achaea and Mish - Duct Tape Bows

we're serious about this....

published: 02 Jun 2009

author: newyorkriots

Cyprus enclaved of Agia Triada: Achaean Coast

A film by the Cypriot artist Toula Liasi made as a tribute to the enclaved Greeks of Agia ...

published: 09 Dec 2007

author: demozeno

Country Roads - Achaean Style

Shecks, Jaizsur, Lothiac, Tania, Valnyran and Latus singing (some would call it that) Coun...

published: 12 Jul 2007

author: latus

III Medieval weekend.wmv

III MEDIEVAL WEEKEND - CHLEMOUTSI CASTLE To 3o Μεσαιωνικό Διήμερο στο Κάστρο Χλεμούτσι εντ...

published: 18 Jun 2012

author: Ritterhellas

Chlemoutsi castle, 2nd Medieval Weekend 2011

Principality of Achaea, Kyllini, Chlemoutsi castle ( Clairmont. Castel Tornese ). 2nd Me...

published: 25 Jun 2011

author: Ritterhellas

Chlemoutsi moments 2011

Medieval weekend , Chlemoutsi castle moments 2011...

published: 24 Jul 2011

author: Ritterhellas

Skiing in the Northern Peloponnese

My wife and I were lucky enough to be invited to our friends apartment in Xylokastro Greec...

published: 03 Feb 2012

author: Marcus Lord

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photo: AP / Lefteris Pitarakis

File - Kenyan Paulo Nzili, right, with Wambugu Wa Nyingi, left, stand outside the Royal Courts of Justice, in central London, Thursday, April 7, 2011, as four elderly Kenyans who claim that they were severely beaten and tortured by British officers during an anti-colonial rebellion in the 1950s are taking their case to court in London.

Archive sheds light on dark British past

Al Jazeera

30 Nov 2012

- For historians, it represents a treasure trove of boundless rewards and an opportunity to revisit some of the most enduring myths about Britain's colonial past. But for some of those still living with the physical and psychological scars, the release of thousands of previously secret government-held documents offers fresh hope of finally gaining a measure of justice for their suffering under British rule ... 1096 Source .. Al Jazeera ... ;">....(size: 22.4Kb)

photo: USAF / Senior Airman Patrice Clarke

File - U.S. Army Capt. Peggy Hu, Zabul Provincial Reconstruction Team civil affairs, speaks with a local child during a routine patrol in the local area Nov. 21, 2012, in Afghanistan.

'Taliban attackers' target US Afghanistan base

BBC News

02 Dec 2012

There have been "multiple explosions" near an airfield at a US base in eastern Afghanistan, Nato has said. Afghan intelligence officials told the BBC seven suicide attackers targeted the base in Jalalabad, and witnesses said that gunfire was heard ... Counter claims ... There were no Nato casualties in the attack, officials said ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)

photo: AP / Patrick Semansky

Army Pfc. Bradley Manning, center, steps out of a security vehicle as he is escorted into a courthouse in Fort Meade, Md., Wednesday, Nov. 28, 2012, for a pretrial hearing.

Pfc. Manning: From Bloody Eagle to Bloody Cage

WorldNews.com

02 Dec 2012

Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. Much like the United States, the Vikings were a paradoxical and duplicitous civilization. Not only were they highly skilled shipbuilders and tremendous explorers, not to mention their expertise in the fishing, farming and trading industries, but they helped establish and contribute to the nation-states of France, England, Ireland, Germany, Russia, and Iceland ... This came to mind when Pfc....(size: 5.5Kb)

photo: UN / Shareef Sarhan

File- A view of the outer perimeter of Palestine Stadium, severely damaged by Israeli air strikes in Gaza City earlier this week, 19 November, 2012.

The End of Jewish Power

WorldNews.com

02 Dec 2012

Article by WN.com Guest Writer Gilad Atzmon. Israel suffered a humiliating defeat at The UN recently. The nations of the world stood up and said NO to the Jewish state - NO to Israeli occupation, NO to Israeli human rights abuse, NO to Jewish racism. In effect, they stood up and confessed to serious Zio-fatigue ... This is a very good news indeed. But interestingly, this united opposition to Israel is not in response to Israeli strength ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)

photo: US NARA

Dr. Martin Luther King giving his "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington in Washington, D.C., on 28 August 1963.

The Other 'Black' Friday

WorldNews.com

30 Nov 2012

Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. Staring at the quote on the small granite monument which read. "They said to one another, behold here comes the dreamer...Let us slay him...And we shall see what will become of his dreams," I tried to understand that fateful moment when a shot shattered heaven and earth ... Martin Luther King, Jr. Straining my ears, I tried to hear Rev. Abernathy cry out, "Oh my God, Martin's been shot!" ... Dr....(size: 6.5Kb)

timeline:
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001

Army of gut microbes keep us fit and healthy

Newstrack India

07 Jun 2012

Tweet ... "Malnutrition may manifest as either obesity or under-nutrition, problems of epidemic proportion worldwide," said Krajmalnik-Brown, the journal Nutrition in Clinical Practice reports ... Eukarya, Bacteria, and Achaea ... Conversely, the Achaea that exist in the gut are mostly composed of methanogens (producers of methane) and specifically by Methanobrevibacter smithii - a hydrogen-consumer ... Post comments. ) . ).. Comments.. HOME . . . . . ....(size: 2.6Kb)

Complex world of microbes fine-tune body weight

PhysOrg

06 Jun 2012

The study outlines the growth of varied microbial populations – from birth onwards – highlighting their role in extracting energy from the diet ...   Micromanagers  ... Eukarya, Bacteria, and Achaea ... In contrast, the Achaea that exist in the gut are mostly comprised of methanogens (producers of methane) and specifically by Methanobrevibacter smithii – a hydrogen-consumer.    ... ....(size: 7.7Kb)

A Short History of the Islam - Christian Conflict Part V

The Examiner

28 May 2012

the Kingdom of Thessalonica which held the northern coast of the Aegean and halfway down the west coast to the northern end of Euboia, the Duchy of Athens on the Attic Peninsula, and the Principality of Achaea on the Peleponnesos ... the Principality of Achaea and gained control of most of Hellas, reducing the Principality of Achaea to a vassal state....(size: 18.6Kb)

This day in Royal History: August 2nd

The Examiner

02 Aug 2011

What happened in Royal History on August 2nd? 1100. King William II of England dies 1222. Count Raymond VI of Toulouse dies 1316. Louis of Burgundy, Prince of Achaea dies 1455. John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg is born 1589. King Henry III of France dies 1674. Philip II, Duke of Orleans, Regent of France is born 1696. Mahmud I, Ottoman Sultan is born 1702. Dietrich of Anhalt-Dessau is born 1776. Louis Francois I, Prince of Conti dies 1858....(size: 5.3Kb)

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For the ancient region, see Achaea (ancient region). For other uses, see Achaea (disambiguation).

Achaea Περιφερειακή ενότητα Αχαΐας
— Regional unit —
Municipalities of Achaea
Achaea within Greece
Coordinates: 38°05′N 21°50′E / 38.083°N 21.833°E / 38.083; 21.833Coordinates: 38°05′N 21°50′E / 38.083°N 21.833°E / 38.083; 21.833
Country	Greece
Region	West Greece
Capital	Patras
Area
• Total	3,272 km² (1,263 sq mi)
Population (2005)
• Total	331,316
• Density	100/km² (260/sq mi)
Postal codes	25x xx, 26x xx
Area codes	261, 269x
ISO 3166 code	GR-13
Car plates	ΑΖ, AX
Website	www.achaia.gr

Achaea (Greek: Αχαΐα Achaïa, [axaˈia]) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of West Greece. It is situated in the northwestern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. The capital is Patras. The population exceeds 300,000 since 2001.

Geography [link]

Achaea borders on Elis to the southwest, Arcadia to the south and Corinthia to the southeast. The Gulf of Corinth lies to its northeast, and the Gulf of Patras to its northwest. The mountain Panachaiko (1926m), though not the highest of Achaea, dominates the coastal area near Patras. Higher mountains are found in the south, notably Aroania (2341m) and Erymanthos (2224m). Other mountain ranges in Achaea are Omplos and Movri. Its main rivers ordered from west to east are the Larissos, Tytheus, Peiros, Charadros, Selinountas and Vouraikos. Most of the forests are in the mountain ranges, though several are in the plains including the extreme west. There are grasslands around the mid-elevation areas and barren lands in the highest areas.

Achaea has hot summers and mild winters. Sunny days dominate during the summer months in areas near the coast, while the summer can be cloudy and rainy in the mountains. Snow is very common during the winter in the mountains of Erymanthos, Panachaiko and Aroania. Winter high temperatures are around the 10°C mark throughout the low lying areas.

Administration [link]

The regional unit Achaea is subdivided into 5 municipalities. These are (number as in the map in the infobox):^[1]

Aigialeia (2)
Erymanthos (4)
Kalavryta (5)
Patras (Patra, 1)
West Achaea (Dytiki Achaia, 3)

Prefecture [link]

As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform, the regional unit Achaea was created out of the former prefecture Achaea (Greek: Νομός Αχαΐας). The prefecture had the same territory as the present regional unit. At the same time, the municipalities were reorganised, according to the table below.^[1]

New municipality	Old municipalities	Seat
Aigialeia	Aigeira	Aigio
	Aigio
	Akrata
	Diakopto
	Erineos
	Sympoliteia
Erymanthos	Farres	Chalandritsa
	Kalentzi
	Leontio
	Tritaia
Kalavryta	Kalavryta	Kalavryta
	Aroania
	Lefkasi
	Paion
Patras (Patra)	Patras	Patras
	Vrachnaiika
	Messatida
	Paralia
	Rio
West Achaea (Dytiki Achaia)	Dymi	Kato Achaia
	Larissos
	Movri
	Olenia

Provinces [link]

Province of Aigialeia - Aigio
Province of Kalavryta - Kalavryta
Province of Patras - Patras

Note: Provinces no longer hold any legal status in Greece.

History [link]

Ancient Achaea [link]

Main article: Achaea (ancient region)

Medieval and modern history [link]

Achaea remained a province of the Byzantine Empire after the fall of the western Roman Empire. In the 6th and 7th centuries, Slavs invaded the Peloponnese, and settled in parts of Achaea as well. By the 9th century, the whole peninsula was under Byzantine control again. However, after the Fourth Crusade several new crusader states were founded in Greece. One of these was the Principality of Achaea, founded in 1205, which like the Roman province covered a much larger area than traditional Achaea. Achaea was recaptured by the Byzantine Empire by 1430, and became part of the Despotate of the Morea.

The Despotate of the Morea fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1460. As a part of the Morean War, the Republic of Venice captured Achaea in 1687, and held it until 1715, when the Ottoman recaptured it as a part of the Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718). Under Ottoman rule, it was part of the Morea Eyalet.

In the Greek War of Independence, Aigio was one of the first cities to be liberated by the Greeks and all of Achaea was liberated by the end of 1821. Achaea produced several heroes including Kanaris, Zaimis and Roufos and prime ministers of Greece including Andreas Michalakopoulos as well as some head of states.

In the first administrative subdivision of independent Greece, Achaea was part of the large Achaea and Elis Prefecture. This was divided into the prefectures of Achaea and Elis in 1899. Achaea and Elis were reunited in 1909, and split again in 1930.

Achaea saw an influx of refugees that arrived from Asia Minor during the Greco Turkish War of 1919-1922. Tens of thousands were relocated to their camps in the suburbs of Patras and a few villages mainly within the coastline. One of the camps was named Prosfygika.

Population [link]

Karst field near Kato Loutsi north of Kastria in Achaea, Greece

Achaea today has about one-third of the population of the Peloponnese. Patras, the capital of Achaea, is the third largest city in Greece, behind Athens-Piraeus and Thessaloniki. Two-thirds of the Achaean population live near Patras, and more than half within the city limits. The main industrial areas are around Patras.

Main towns and cities [link]

Culture [link]

The monastery Agia Lavra is situated a few kilometres west of Kalavryta on the top of a hill. 12 to 20 km east, is Cave Lakes where lakes are inside this brilliant cave. It is open to tourists, and the length is around 300 to 500 m. The mountain hosts the most modern Greek telescope, named Aristarchus (after the ancient Greek astronomer - Aristarchus of Samos) and operated by the National Observatory of Athens A narrow gauge railway track runs for 30 km, mainly as a tourist attraction. The track begins near Kalavryta and ends off Diakopto.

Economy [link]

Patras is one of the main industrial and commerce centers in Greece. Temeni is a place where the famous spring water Avra (Άυρα) is manufactured. It is owned by Tria Epsilon, a division of Coca-Cola Company and a parent. There is a small oil refinery near Rio.

Transport [link]

Roads [link]

Intercity bus transport is provided by KTEL Achaias. The main bus terminal is in the city of Patras.

The main highways are:

Ionia Odos (A5, part of E55): Rio - Antirrio - Arta - Ioannina
Greek National Road 8, old road Athens - Corinth - Rio - Patras
Greek National Road 8A (part of E55 and E65): Athens - Corinth - Rio - Patras
Greek National Road 9 (part of E55): Patras - Pyrgos - Kyparissia - Pylos
Greek National Road 31: Aigio - Kalavryta
Greek National Road 33: Patras - Tritaia - Lampeia - Vlacherna

Railways [link]

Achaea is connected to Corinthia, Elis and Attica by the Piraeus, Athens and Peloponnese Railways line Athens - Corinth - Aigio - Patras - Pyrgos - Kyparissia. Passenger service on the section Patras - Kyparissia has been suspended since 2011. The Diakofto–Kalavryta Railway is a rack railway, offering passenger service as well.

Communications [link]

Newspapers, fanzines and others [link]

Current newspapers [link]

Achagiotika Nea - Kato Achaia
Allagi - Patras
Elliniki Dimokratia - Patras
Epi ta proso - Patras
Evdomada - Patras
Filodimos - Aigio
Frouros tis Anatolikis Aigialeias - Akrata and eastern Aigaleia
Ta Gegonota tis Achaias - Achaea
I Gnomi - Patras
Imera - Patras [1]
Imerisios Kyrix - Patras
Kosmos tis Patras - Patras
Paraliaki - Patras
Patraiki Evdomada - Patras
Politis ton Patron - Patras - political
Proodos - Patras
Proti tis Aigaleias - Aigio and Aigaleia
Simerini - Patras
Splats - a fanzine based in Patras
Sport Week - Patras - sports
Sportivo west - Patras - sports
Styx - Akrata
Symvoulos Epocheiriseon - Patras

Ceased and defunct newspapers [link]

Achaikos Kyrix - an older newspaper of Patras
Tachydromos tis Anatolis - Patras, one of the few newspapers that were only published in French

Television [link]

Achaia Channel - Patrast
Patra TV - Patras
Super B - Patras
Tele Con - extinct
Tele Time - regional
AXION - Aigio

Companies [link]

Achaiki
Kronos Supermarkets - Patras

Persons [link]

Actor, mythological legend
Alexon, ancient figure
Timoleon Ambelas, a writer
Anchialus, mythological legend
Dimitrios Andrikopoulos-Boukaouris, Mayor of Patras
Antheia, mythological legend
Argyra, mythological legend
Autonous, ancient figure
Bolina, ancient figure
Bryson of Achaea, ancient figure
Anastasios Charalambis General and Prime Minister for one day in 1922.
Vasileios Christopoulos, an artist
Danielis, ancient figure
Kostas Davourlis Footballer of Panachaiki
Theodoros Deligiannis a Prime Minister of Greece
Ioannis Diakidis
Rena Dor, actress
Dymas, ancient figure
Eperatus, ancient figure
Eurypylus
Spyros Fokas, an actor
Asimakis Fotilas, a revolutionary leader
Panagiotakis Fotilas, a revolutionary leader
Giorgos Giannias, a revolutionary leader
Dimitrios Gounaris a Prime Minister of Greece
Helike, ancient queen
Ion, mythological legend
Antonios Kalamogdartis, a revolutionary leader
Athanasios Kanakaris-Roufos, a revolutionary leader
Panagiotis Karatzas, a revolutionary leader
Kostas Katsouranis Footballer - European Champion (Euro 2004)
Konstantinos Konstantopoulos a Mayor of Patras and Prime Minister of Greece
Andreas Kontogouris, a revolutionary leader
Nikolaos Kontopoulos
Christos Laskaris
Afroditi Laoutari, an actress
Dimitrios Maximos
Vassilis Makris, an artist
Memos Makris, an artist
Dimitrios Maximos a Prime Minister of Greece
Melanippus, ancient fiture
Andreas Michalakopoulos a Prime Minister of Greece
Andreas Mikroutsikos
Betty Moschona, an actress
Molurus, ancient figure
Thanos Mikroutsikos, an artist
Myscellus
Kostis Palamas national Greek poet
George Papandreou (senior) a Prime Minister of Greece
Georgios Papadopoulos Leader of the military junta
Georgios Papandreou (historian), an unrelated historian and linguist
Anagnostis Petimezas, a revolutionary leader
Konstantinos Petimezas, a revolutionary leader
Konstantis Petimezas, a revoltuionary leader
Nikolaos Petimezas (elder)
Angelos Roufos
Benizelos Rouphos a Prime Minister of Greece
Ioannis Roufos
Selemnus, mythological legend
Panagiotis Skagiopoulos
Sokratis Skartsis, poet
Konstantinos Skourletis, mayor of Patras
Markos Sklivaniotis
Socrates of Achaea, ancient figure
Sostratus of Dyme, an ancient figure
Sostratus of Pellene, an ancient Greek Olympian
Konstantinos Stefanopoulos President of Greece
Epameinondas Thomopoulos, an artist
Dimitrios Tofalos Olympic Champion
Spyridon Vassiliadis, poet
Xenofon Verykios
Dimitrios Votsis, mayor of Patras
Spyros Vrettos, poet
Alexandros Zaimis a Prime Minister and President of Greece

Sports [link]

There are two skiing resorts, one on the Panachaicus west of the mountain top (elevation around 1700 m) east of Patras, it will be Nafpaktos's closest because of the new bridge (mid-2004) and the other on Aroania, sometimes still called Chelmos, near Kalavrita. It is Kalavrita's closest resort.

Sporting teams [link]

Division rankings were as of the 2005-06 season for most teams, for football (soccer), they are run by the Achaea Football Clubs Association:

Teams with multiple sporting clubs

Achaios Saravali Patras - Saravali - fourth division
Anagennisi/Aias Sympoliteia - Rododafni
Apollon Patras
Atromitos Lappa
Atromitos Patras - Patras, fourth division
Diakopto AC - Diakopto - fourth division
Fostiras Ovrias FC - Ovrya, fourth division
Iraklis Patras - Patras, fourth division
A.O. Krini 97
NO Patras - Patras, fourth division
Olympiakos Aigio - Aigio, fourth division
Olympiakos Kamares - Kamares - fourth division
Olympiakos Patras - Patras - fourth division
Ormi Patras - Patras - fourth division
Panachaiki - Patras, second division
EA Patras - Patras, fourth division
Spartakos Ovrya - Ovrya - third division (as of 2007)
A.O. Thea - Thea
Thyella Aigio - Aigio
Thyella Patras F.C. - Patras, third division
A.P.S. Zavlani - fourth division

Basketball only

A.O. Skagiopouleio

Defunct and historic teams

Lefkos Asteras - Patras
Thriamvos Patras - Patras, now part of EPA Patras

Notes [link]

^ ^a ^b Kallikratis reform law textPDF

References [link]

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Bunson, Matthew (1994). Encyclopedia of the Roman Empire. New York: Facts on File Inc.

External links [link]

http://www.geocities.com/world_greek_geografia/Greece/Axaia/Axaia.htm (Archived 2009-10-24)

v t e Administrative division of the West Greece Region

Area: 11,350 km² • Population : 740,506 (2001) • Capital: Patras

Regional unit of Achaea	Aigialeia • Erymanthos • Kalavryta • Patras • West Achaea

Regional unit of Aetolia-Acarnania	Agrinio • Aktio-Vonitsa • Amfilochia • Missolonghi • Nafpaktia • Thermo • Xiromero

Regional unit of Elis	Ancient Olympia • Andravida-Kyllini • Andritsaina-Krestena • Ilida • Pineios • Pyrgos • Zacharo

Regional governor: Apostolos Katsifaras (el) • Website: www.pde.gov.gr

v t e Prefectures of Greece

Achaea and Elis (1833) Achaea (1899) Adrianople (1920)^‡ Aetolia-Acarnania (1833) Arcadia (1833) Argolis and Corinthia (1833) Argolis (1899) Argyrokastron (1915)^§ Arta (1882) Attica and Boeotia (1833) Attica (1899) Boeotia (1899) Chalkidiki (1915) Chania (1912) Chios (1915) Corfu (1864) Corinthia (1899) Cyclades (1833) Dodecanese (1947) Drama (1915) Elis (1899) Euboea (1833) Evros (1920) Evrytania (1899) Florina (1915) Grevena (1964) Heraklion (1912) Imathia (1947) Ioannina (1915) Kallipolis (1920)^‡ Karditsa (1899) Kastoria (1941) Kavala (1915) Kefallinia (1864) Kilkis (1934) Korytsa (1915)^§ Kozani (1915) Lacedaemon (1899) Laconia (1833) Lakoniki (1899) Larissa (1882) Lasithi (1912) Lefkada (1864) Lesbos (1915) Magnesia (1899) Messenia (1833) Pella (1930) Phocis and Locris (1833) Phocis (1899) Phthiotis and Phocis (1845) Phthiotis (1899) Pieria (1947) Piraeus (1964) Preveza (1915) Rethymno (1912) Rhaedestos (1920)^‡ Rhodope (1920) Samos (1915) Saranta Ekklisies (1920)^‡ Serres (1915) Sfakia (1912) Thesprotia (1937) Thessaloniki (1914) Trikala (1882) Trifylia (1899) Xanthi (1944) Zakynthos (1864)

From 1971, Attica Prefecture consisted of four prefecture-level units: Athens, East Attica, Piraeus, West Attica From 1994, the prefectures of Athens and Piraeus; Drama, Kavala and Xanthi; Rhodope and Evros; were grouped intro super-prefectures

dates of first establishment in parentheses today outside Greece: ^§ in Northern Epirus ^‡ in Eastern Thrace

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Contents

Geography [link]

Administration [link]

Prefecture [link]

Provinces [link]

History [link]

Ancient Achaea [link]

Medieval and modern history [link]

Population [link]

Main towns and cities [link]

Culture [link]

Economy [link]

Transport [link]

Roads [link]

Railways [link]

Communications [link]

Newspapers, fanzines and others [link]

Current newspapers [link]

Ceased and defunct newspapers [link]

Radio [link]

Television [link]

Companies [link]

Persons [link]

Sports [link]

Sporting teams [link]

Notes [link]

References [link]

External links [link]

http://wn.com/Achaea

Related pages:

http://it.wn.com/Acaia (prefettura)

http://id.wn.com/Akhaya

http://es.wn.com/Acaya

http://ru.wn.com/Ахайя

http://nl.wn.com/Achaea (departement)

http://pl.wn.com/Nomos Achaja

http://fr.wn.com/Achaïe

http://de.wn.com/Achaia

http://pt.wn.com/Acaia (Grécia)