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Afghanistan
{{Infobox country
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Al Hillah
http://wn.com/Al_Hillah -
Baghdad
Baghdad (, , ) is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is coterminous. Having a population estimated between 7 and 7.5 million, it is the largest city in Iraq and the second largest city in the Arab World (after Cairo, Egypt).
http://wn.com/Baghdad -
Baqubah
http://wn.com/Baqubah -
Basrah
http://wn.com/Basrah -
Battle of 73 Easting
The Battle of 73 Easting was a decisive tank battle fought on 26 February 1991, during the Gulf War, between American-British armored forces and those of the Iraqi Republican Guard. The battle took place several hours after the Battle of Al Busayyah. It was named for a UTM north-south coordinate line (an "Easting", measured in kilometers and readable on GPS receivers) in the featureless desert that was used as a phase line to measure progress of the offensive.
http://wn.com/Battle_of_73_Easting -
Bayji
http://wn.com/Bayji -
California
California (pronounced ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third-largest by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California is also the most populous sub-national entity in North America. It's on the U.S. West Coast, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and by the states of Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, Baja California, Mexico, to the south. Its 5 largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Long Beach, with Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose each having at least 1 million residents. Like many populous states, California's capital, Sacramento is smaller than the state's largest city, Los Angeles. The state is home to the nation's 2nd- and 6th-largest census statistical areas and 8 of the nation's 50 most populous cities. California has a varied climate and geography and a multi-cultural population.
http://wn.com/California -
Carlisle, PA
http://wn.com/Carlisle_PA -
Egypt
http://wn.com/Egypt -
Ethiopia
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Ethiopia -
Florida
Florida () is a state of the United States. It is located in the Southeastern United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the north. Much of the state's land mass is a large peninsula with the Gulf of Mexico to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Caribbean to the south. Florida was admitted as the 27th U.S. state in 1845, after a three hundred year period of European colonization.
http://wn.com/Florida -
Fort Leavenworth
Fort Leavenworth is a United States Army facility located in Leavenworth County, Kansas (just north of the city of Leavenworth) in the upper northeast portion of the state. It is the oldest active U.S. Army post west of the Mississippi River, in operation for over 170 years. Fort Leavenworth has been historically known as the "Intellectual Center of the Army."
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Fort Polk
Fort Polk is a United States Army base located in Vernon Parish near Leesville, Louisiana.
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Franeker
Franeker () is one of the eleven cities of Friesland and capital of the municipality of Franekeradeel. It is located about 20 km west of Leeuwarden on the Van Harinxma Canal. As of 1 January 2006, it had 12,996 inhabitants. The city is most famous for the Eisinga Planetarium.
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Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia () is a state located in the southeastern United States. Georgia was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788. It declared its secession from the Union on January 21, 1861, and was one of the original seven Confederate states. It was the last state to be restored to the Union, on July 15, 1870 and the only among the 13 that is explicitly named after a monarch; King George II of England.
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Haiti
Haiti (; French , ; Haitian Creole: Ayiti, ), officially the Republic of Haiti ( ;
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Iraq
Iraq ( or , Arabic: ), officially the Republic of Iraq (Arabic:
http://wn.com/Iraq -
Islamic Courts Union
http://wn.com/Islamic_Courts_Union -
Israel
http://wn.com/Israel -
Italy
http://wn.com/Italy -
Kansas
http://wn.com/Kansas -
Karbala
http://wn.com/Karbala -
Kentucky
The Commonwealth of Kentucky () is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth (the others being Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts). Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 it became the 15th state to join the Union. Kentucky is the 37th largest state in terms of total area, the 36th largest in land area, and ranks 26th in population.
http://wn.com/Kentucky -
Kirkuk
http://wn.com/Kirkuk -
Kurds in Iraq
http://wn.com/Kurds_in_Iraq -
Kuwait
The State of Kuwait (, Dawlat al-Kuwayt) is a sovereign Arab nation situated in the northeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south, and Iraq to the north. It lies on the northwestern shore of the Persian Gulf. The name Kuwait is derived from the Arabic "akwat", the plural of "kout", meaning fortress built near water. The emirate covers an area of 17,820 square kilometres (6,880 sq mi) and has a population of about 2.7 million.
http://wn.com/Kuwait -
Lexington, MA
http://wn.com/Lexington_MA -
Lexington, VA
http://wn.com/Lexington_VA -
Mosul
http://wn.com/Mosul -
Najaf
Najaf (; BGN: An Najaf) is a city in Iraq about 160 km south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2008 is 560,000 people. It is the capital of Najaf Governorate. It is one of the holiest cities of Shi'a Islam and the center of Shia political power in Iraq.
http://wn.com/Najaf -
Nashville, Tennessee
Nashville is the capital of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in Davidson County, in the north-central part of the state. The city is a center for the health care, music, publishing, banking and transportation industries, and is home to a large number of colleges and universities.
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NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO ( ; ), also called the "(North) Atlantic Alliance", is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The NATO headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, and the organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party.
http://wn.com/NATO -
Nebraska
Nebraska () is a state located on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States. The state's capital is Lincoln and its largest city is Omaha.
http://wn.com/Nebraska -
Netherlands
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Netherlands -
Nevada
Nevada is a state located in the western and southwestern region of the United States. Nevada is also part of the Mountain States. The capital is Carson City and the largest city is Las Vegas. The state's nickname is Silver State, due to the large number of silver deposits that were discovered and mined there. "Sagebrush State" and "Battle Born State" are its alternative nicknames. In 1864, Nevada became the 36th state to enter the union, and the phrase "Battle Born" on the state flag reflects the state's entry on the Union side during the American Civil War. Its first nonnative settlement was called Mormon Station.
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New Statesman
The New Statesman is a British left-wing political magazine published weekly in London. Founded in 1913, and connected with leading members of the Fabian Society, the magazine reached a circulation peak in the late 1960s.
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New York
New York (; locally or ) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the north and west, and Quebec to the north. New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
http://wn.com/New_York -
Ninawa Governorate
http://wn.com/Ninawa_Governorate -
Pakistan
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Pakistan -
Philippines
The Philippines ( ), officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (), is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam. The Sulu Sea to the southwest lies between the country and the island of Borneo, and to the south the Celebes Sea separates it from other islands of Indonesia. It is bounded on the east by the Philippine Sea. Its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and its tropical climate make the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons but have also endowed the country with natural resources and made it one of the richest areas of biodiversity in the world. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila.
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Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution.
http://wn.com/Princeton_University -
Princeton, NJ
http://wn.com/Princeton_NJ -
Ramadi
http://wn.com/Ramadi -
Samarra
http://wn.com/Samarra -
Suffolk, VA
http://wn.com/Suffolk_VA -
Syria
Syria ( ; ' or '), officially the Syrian Arab Republic (), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
http://wn.com/Syria -
Tal Afar
http://wn.com/Tal_Afar -
Tampa
http://wn.com/Tampa -
Tennessee
Tennessee () is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States. It has a population of 6,214,888, making it the nation's 17th-largest state by population, and covers , making it the 36th-largest by total land area. Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, and Arkansas and Missouri to the west. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms the state's western border. Tennessee's capital and second largest city is Nashville, which has a population of 626,144. Memphis is the state's largest city, with a population of 670,902. Nashville has the state's largest metropolitan area, at 1,521,437 people.
http://wn.com/Tennessee -
Texas
Texas () is the second-largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state in the contiguous United States.
http://wn.com/Texas -
Tikrit
http://wn.com/Tikrit -
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
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United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
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US State Department
http://wn.com/US_State_Department -
Vicenza
Vicenza , a city in north-eastern Italy, is the capital of the eponymous province in the Veneto region, at the northern base of the Monte Berico, straddling the Bacchiglione. Vicenza is approximately 60 km west of Venice and 200 km east of Milan.
http://wn.com/Vicenza -
Vietnam
Vietnam ( ; , ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (, ), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by People's Republic of China (PRC) to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea, referred to as East Sea (), to the east. With a population of over 86 million, Vietnam is the 13th most populous country in the world.
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West Point
http://wn.com/West_Point -
West Point, New York
West Point is a federal military reservation (and a census-designated place) located north of the Village of Highland Falls in Orange County, New York, United States. The population was 7,138 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Poughkeepsie–Newburgh–Middletown, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area. The United States Military Academy is located at West Point and has often been called "The Point."
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White House
The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical style. It has been the residence of every U.S. President since John Adams. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the house in 1801, he (with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe) expanded the building outward, creating two colonnades that were meant to conceal stables and storage.
http://wn.com/White_House
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Airborne (book)
Airborne (1997, ISBN 0425157709) is a book written by Tom Clancy that explores the inner workings of the 82nd Airborne Division and the U.S. airborne forces.
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Al Hillah
http://wn.com/Al_Hillah -
Ali A. Allawi
http://wn.com/Ali_A_Allawi -
Anthony Zinni
Anthony Charles Zinni (born September 17, 1943) is a retired four-star General in the United States Marine Corps and a former Commander in Chief of U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM). In 2002, he was selected to be a special envoy for the United States to Israel and the Palestinian Authority.
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Anwar al-Awlaki
http://wn.com/Anwar_al-Awlaki -
Arab
http://wn.com/Arab -
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II (; born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. Obama previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois, from January 2005 until he resigned after his election to the presidency in November 2008.
http://wn.com/Barack_Obama -
Barak Obama
http://wn.com/Barak_Obama -
Carl Levin
Carl Milton Levin (born June 28, 1934) is a Democratic United States Senator from Michigan and is the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Armed Services. In the Senate since 1979, he has been Michigan's senior senator since 1995. He has served as a U.S. Senator longer than any Senator in Michigan history. He was elected to a sixth term in 2008, which will end in January 2015. He is the younger brother of U.S. Representative Sander M. Levin.
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Carl Vuono
http://wn.com/Carl_Vuono -
Chuck Hagel
Charles Timothy "Chuck" Hagel (born October 4, 1946) is a former United States Senator from Nebraska. A member of the Republican Party, he was first elected in 1996 and was reelected in 2002. In 2009, he was elected as Chairman of the Atlantic Council.
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David Petraeus
David Howell Petraeus (; born November 7, 1952) is a United States Army general who serves as the current Commander, International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) and
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Dexter Filkins
Dexter Price Filkins (born c. 1961) is an American journalist who reports for The New York Times. He has been reporting from Iraq since 2003. He won a Pulitzer Prize in 2009 as part of a team of New York Times reporters for their dispatches from Pakistan and Afghanistan. He was a finalist for a Pulitzer Prize in 2002 for his dispatches from Afghanistan.
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Duncan Hunter
Duncan Lee Hunter (born May 31, 1948) is an American politician. He was a Republican member of the House of Representatives from California's 52nd, 45th and 42nd districts from 1981 to 2009.
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
http://wn.com/Dwight_D_Eisenhower -
Faisal Shahzad
Faisal Shahzad (Urdu: ; born , 1979) is a Pakistani American who attempted the May 1, 2010, Times Square car bombing. On , 2010, in Federal District Court in Manhattan he confessed to 10 counts arising from the bombing attempt. Throughout his court appearance, Shahzad was unrepentant, and the United States attorney indicated there was no plea deal, so Shahzad faced the maximum sentence, a mandatory life term.
http://wn.com/Faisal_Shahzad -
George B. Crist
George B. Crist (born January 23, 1931) is a retired four-star General of the United States Marine Corps and was the first Marine to be designated as a Unified Commander — serving as Commander in Chief, United States Central Command from 1985 to 1988
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George C. Marshall
http://wn.com/George_C_Marshall -
George H. W. Bush
http://wn.com/George_H_W_Bush -
George Marshall
George Catlett Marshall (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) was an American military leader, Chief of Staff of the Army, Secretary of State, and the third Secretary of Defense. Once noted as the "organizer of victory" by Winston Churchill for his leadership of the Allied victory in World War II, Marshall served as the United States Army Chief of Staff during the war and as the chief military adviser to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. As Secretary of State, his name was given to the Marshall Plan, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.
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George Tenet
http://wn.com/George_Tenet -
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (; born July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut) was the 43rd President of the United States, serving from 2001 to 2009, and the 46th Governor of Texas, serving from 1995 to 2000.
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George W. Casey, Jr.
George William Casey, Jr. (born July 22, 1948) is a United States Army general who is serving as the 36th and current Chief of Staff of the United States Army. He has served in the Army for his entire adult working life. Casey previously served as Commanding General, Multi-National Force - Iraq from June 2004 to February 8, 2007. He assumed his current assignment on April 10, 2007.
http://wn.com/George_W_Casey_Jr -
H.R. McMaster
http://wn.com/HR_McMaster -
Hafiz Muhammad Saeed
http://wn.com/Hafiz_Muhammad_Saeed -
Harry Reid
Harry Mason Reid (born December 2, 1939) is the senior United States Senator from Nevada and a member of the Democratic Party. First elected to the Senate in 1986, he was re-elected in 1992, 1998, and 2004, and is currently seeking a fifth term in 2010.
http://wn.com/Harry_Reid -
Hoyt Vandenberg
Hoyt Sanford Vandenberg, KCB (January 24, 1899 – April 2, 1954) was a U.S. Air Force general, its second Chief of Staff, and second Director of Central Intelligence.
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James Mattis
James N. Mattis is a United States Marine Corps general and the current commander of United States Central Command. Having replaced David Petraeus on August 11, 2010, he previously commanded United States Joint Forces Command and served concurrently as NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Transformation from November 9, 2007 to September 8, 2009. Prior to that, he commanded I Marine Expeditionary Force, United States Marine Forces Central Command, and 1st Marine Division during the Iraq War.
http://wn.com/James_Mattis -
Joe Biden
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http://wn.com/Joe_Biden -
John A. McCone
John Alexander McCone (January 4, 1902 - February 14, 1991) was an American businessman and politician who served as Director of Central Intelligence during the height of the Cold War.
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John Abizaid
John Philip Abizaid, AO (born 1 April 1951; ) is a retired General in the United States Army and former Commander of the United States Central Command (CENTCOM), overseeing American military operations in a 27-country region, from the Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, to South and Central Asia, covering much of the Middle East. CENTCOM oversees 250,000 US troops. Abizaid succeeded General Tommy Franks as Commander, USCENTCOM, on 7 July 2003, and was also elevated to the rank of 4-star general the same week. He was succeeded by Admiral William J. Fallon on 16 March 2007.
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John Cornyn III
http://wn.com/John_Cornyn_III -
John J. Pershing
http://wn.com/John_J_Pershing -
Jon Kyl
:This page is about the current Arizona Senator; for his father, a U.S. Representative from Iowa, see John Kyl; for a U.S. Representative from Mississippi with a similar name, see John Kyle.
http://wn.com/Jon_Kyl -
Joseph P. Hoar
General Joseph P. Hoar (born December 30, 1934) is a retired U.S. Marine Corps officer, former Commander in Chief of United States Central Command. He retired from the Corps on September 1, 1994.
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L. Paul Bremer
Lewis Paul "Jerry" Bremer III (born September 30, 1941) is an American diplomat. He is most notable for being the U.S. Administrator to Iraq charged with overseeing that country's reconstruction after the 2003 invasion. In his role as head of the Coalition Provisional Authority, he reported primarily to the U.S. Secretary of Defense and exercised authority over Iraq's civil administration. He served in this capacity from May 11, 2003, until limited Iraqi sovereignty was restored on June 28, 2004.
http://wn.com/L_Paul_Bremer -
Leon Panetta
Leon Edward Panetta (born June 28, 1938) is the current Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, who reports directly to the Director of National Intelligence and the President of the United States of America. An American Democratic politician, lawyer, and professor, Panetta served as President Bill Clinton's White House Chief of Staff from 1994 to 1997 and was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1977 to 1993. He is the founder and director of the Panetta Institute, served as Distinguished Scholar to Chancellor Charles B. Reed of the California State University System and professor of public policy at Santa Clara University. In January 2009, President Barack Obama nominated Panetta for the post of CIA Director; he was confirmed by the full Senate on February 12, 2009 and assumed the office the next day.
http://wn.com/Leon_Panetta -
Martin Dempsey
General Martin E. Dempsey, USA, is the current Commanding General, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command. He previously served as Acting Commander, U.S. Central Command from March 24, 2008 to October 30, 2008 and Deputy Commander, U.S. Central Command from Aug 2007 to Mar 23, 2008. He also previously served as Commanding General, Multi-National Security Transition Command - Iraq, the coalition command responsible for recruiting, training, and equipping the Iraqi Security Forces. MNSTC-I is the parent heaquarters of the Coalition Military Assistance Training Team (CMATT), the Civilian Police Assistance Training Team Team (CPATT), and the Coalition Air Force Training Team (CAFTT). Dempsey succeeded General David H. Petraeus who departed MNSTC-I to command the U.S. Army Combined Arms Center at Fort Leavenworth and later assumed command over United States Central Command on October 31, 2008. He assumed his current assignment on December 8, 2008.
http://wn.com/Martin_Dempsey -
Max Boot
Max Boot (born 1969) is an American author, consultant, editorialist, lecturer, and military historian. He has been a prominent advocate for an actively engaged defense and foreign policy. He once described his ideas as "American might to promote American ideals" throughout the world. He self-identifies as a conservative, once joking that "I grew up in the 1980s, when conservatism was cool". Boot worked as a writer and editor for Christian Science Monitor and then for The Wall Street Journal in the 1990s. He is now a Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. He has written for numerous publications such as The Weekly Standard, The Los Angeles Times, and The New York Times.
http://wn.com/Max_Boot -
Michael Morell
Michael Morell is the current Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. In May 2010, Morell was sworn in as the Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, succeeding Stephen Kappes.
http://wn.com/Michael_Morell -
Michael Mullen
Michael Glenn "Mike" Mullen (born October 4, 1946) is a United States Navy admiral who currently serves as the 17th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS). Mullen previously served as the Navy's 28th Chief of Naval Operations from July 22, 2005 to September 29, 2007. His other four-star assignments include being the Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Europe and Commander, Allied Joint Force Command Naples from October 2004 to May 2005, and as the 32nd Vice Chief of Naval Operations from August 2003 to August 2004. As the CJCS, Mullen is the highest ranking officer in the United States armed forces. Mullen assumed his current assignment on October 1, 2007.
http://wn.com/Michael_Mullen -
Osama Bin Laden
http://wn.com/Osama_Bin_Laden -
Osama bin Laden
http://wn.com/Osama_bin_Laden -
Peter Galbraith
http://wn.com/Peter_Galbraith -
Porter Goss
Porter Johnston Goss (born November 26, 1938) is an American politician, who was the last Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) and the first Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) following the passage of the 2004 Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act, which abolished the DCI position. A CIA officer in Latin America during the Cold War, he served as a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1989 until he took up his post at the agency.
http://wn.com/Porter_Goss -
Qadir Obeidi
Lt. Gen. Abdul Qadir Mohammed Jassim Obeidi al-Mifarji' () is the Defence Minister of Iraq in the Council of Ministers of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki.
http://wn.com/Qadir_Obeidi -
Raymond T. Odierno
Raymond T. Odierno (; born 1954) is a United States Army general who was the Commanding General, United States Forces - Iraq, a post he held until September 1, 2010. He assumed command of USF-I's predecessor, Multi-National Force - Iraq on September 16, 2008, succeeding General David Petraeus. He previously served as Commanding General, III Corps, from May 2006 to May 2008. General Odierno is known as the operational architect of the Iraq War troop surge of 2007 and is credited with implementing the counterinsurgency strategy that, along with the Sunni Awakening militia movement, led to the dramatic decrease in violence in Iraq from late 2006 to early 2008. The Weekly Standard has argued that his employment of forces to quell violence across Iraq "redefined the operational art of counterinsurgency". General Odierno is the twelfth American military officer to command at the Division, Corps, and Army level during the same conflict and only the second to have this honor since the Vietnam War.
http://wn.com/Raymond_T_Odierno -
Richard Helms
http://wn.com/Richard_Helms -
Rick Atkinson
Rick Atkinson (born 1952, in Munich) is an American journalist and author whose contributions led to four Pulitzer Prizes.
http://wn.com/Rick_Atkinson -
Robert Gates
Robert Michael Gates (born September 25, 1943) is the 22nd and current United States Secretary of Defense. He took office on December 18, 2006. Prior to this, Gates served for 26 years in the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Council, and under President George H. W. Bush as Director of Central Intelligence. Immediately after being recruited by the CIA, he served as an officer in the United States Air Force. After leaving the CIA, Gates became president of Texas A&M; University and was a member of several corporate boards. Gates also served as a member of the Iraq Study Group, the bipartisan commission co-chaired by James A. Baker III and Lee Hamilton, that has studied the Iraq War. He was also the first pick to serve as the first Director of National Intelligence (DNI), but he declined the appointment in order to remain President of Texas A&M; University.
http://wn.com/Robert_Gates -
Robert Kingston
Robert Charles Kingston (July 16, 1928 - February 28, 2007) was an American General who served as the commander of United States Central Command.
http://wn.com/Robert_Kingston -
Robert Wexler
Robert Wexler (born January 2, 1961) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Florida. He served as a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1997 to 2010, representing . The district includes parts of Palm Beach County, as well as northern Broward County.
http://wn.com/Robert_Wexler -
Ryan Crocker
Ryan Clark Crocker (born June 19, 1949) is a Career Ambassador within the United States Foreign Service and a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. He was the United States Ambassador to Iraq until 2009; he previously served as the U.S. ambassador to Pakistan from 2004 to 2007, to Syria from 1998 to 2001, to Kuwait from 1994 to 1997, and to Lebanon from 1990 to 1993. In January 2010 he became Dean of Texas A&M; University's George Bush School of Government and Public Service.
http://wn.com/Ryan_Crocker -
Stansfield Turner
Stansfield M. Turner (born December 1, 1923 in Highland Park, Illinois, USA) is a retired Admiral and former Director of Central Intelligence. He is currently a senior research scholar at the University of Maryland, College Park School of Public Policy.
http://wn.com/Stansfield_Turner -
Tom Clancy
Thomas Leo "Tom" Clancy Jr. (born April 12, 1947) is an American author, best known for his technically detailed espionage, military science and techno thriller storylines set during and in the aftermath of the Cold War, and several MTV videos and UFOs along with video games which he did not work on, but which bear his name for licensing and promotional purposes. His name is also a brand for similar movie scripts written by ghost writers and many series of non-fiction books on military subjects and merged biographies of key leaders. He is also part-owner and Vice Chairman of Community Activities and Public Affairs of the Baltimore Orioles, a Major League Baseball team.
http://wn.com/Tom_Clancy -
Tom Lantos
http://wn.com/Tom_Lantos -
Tommy Franks
Tommy Ray Franks (born 17 June 1945) is a retired general in the United States Army. His last Army post was as the Commander of the United States Central Command, overseeing United States Armed Forces operations in a 25-country region, including the Middle East. Franks succeeded General Anthony Zinni to this position on 6 July 2000 and served until his retirement on 7 July 2003.
http://wn.com/Tommy_Franks -
Ulysses S. Grant
http://wn.com/Ulysses_S_Grant -
Walter Bedell Smith
http://wn.com/Walter_Bedell_Smith -
William A. Knowlton
General William Allen Knowlton (June 19, 1920 - August 10, 2008) was a United States Army four star general, and a former Superintendent of the United States Military Academy. As a full general, he served as Commander, Allied Land Forces South East Europe, and as the United States Military Representative to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
http://wn.com/William_A_Knowlton -
William B. Caldwell
http://wn.com/William_B_Caldwell -
William Colby
http://wn.com/William_Colby -
William H. Webster
William Hedgcock Webster (born March 6, 1924) is an American lawyer and current Chairman of the Homeland Security Advisory Council. Previously Webster was the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from 1978 to 1987 and Director of Central Intelligence from 1987 to 1991. He was a former federal judge who ascended to the CIA after his successful coups against the New York mafia families while director of the FBI under President Jimmy Carter. Judge Webster is the only American to serve as both Director of Central Intelligence and Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
http://wn.com/William_H_Webster -
William J. Casey
http://wn.com/William_J_Casey -
William J. Fallon
William Joseph Fallon, (born December 30, 1944), is a retired United States Navy four-star admiral who retired after serving for over 41 years. His last military assignment was as Commander, U.S. Central Command from March 2007 to March 2008. ADM Fallon was the first Navy officer to hold that position. His other four-star assignments include Commander, U.S. Pacific Command from February 2005 to March 2007, Commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command from October 2003 to February 2005, and 31st Vice Chief of Naval Operations from October 2000 to August 2003. On March 11, 2008, he announced his resignation from CENTCOM and retirement from active duty, citing administrative complications caused in part by an article in Esquire Magazine, which described him as the only thing standing between the Bush Administration and war with Iran.
http://wn.com/William_J_Fallon -
William Raborn
Vice Admiral William Francis Raborn, Jr., United States Navy (June 8, 1905 - March 6, 1990) was a United States Navy officer, the leader of the project to develop the Polaris missile system, and the 7th Director of Central Intelligence as well as the 5th Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
http://wn.com/William_Raborn -
William S. Wallace
William Scott Wallace, is a retired four-star general in the United States Army who served as Commanding General, United States Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) at Fort Monroe, Virginia from September 5, 2005, to December 8, 2008. He retired from the Army on December 8, 2008.
http://wn.com/William_S_Wallace
David
Herman Klaerhout is the CEO of a Belgian pharmaceutical company. His son Tim starts studying chemistry, which earns him new friends and enemies. Robby, the firm's young ICT specialist, acts as Tim's motivating father-substitute or gentle big brother and has a gay crush on him. Tim's sister Sofie, the firm's research star, returns from a Caribean holiday with her fiancé Pieter Wellens, also researcher an pharmaceutics heir, with an island-stranded young man who only gradually starts remembering his past as Belgian David Verbeecke. The rustic Klaerhout estate in managed by Maarten, a frustrated former finance whiz. Herman's deputy Andrea's idealistic son Sander gets in trouble with activists and his lover, spoiled gallery owner Lotte.
Cast
- Jeroen Van Dyck
- Bram Van Outryve
- Ides Meire
- Steve Aernouts
- Kurt Rogiers
- Warre Borgmans
- Pieter Bamps
- Mark van den Bos
- Flor Decleir
- Senne Dehandschutter
- Nathalie Meskens
- Stan Van Samang
- Barbara Dzikanowice
- Kristine Van Pellicom
- Sandrine André
- Daisy Van Praet
- Katelijne Verbeke
- Natali Broods
- Peter De Graef
- Michel Bauwens
- Jacques Vermeire
- Joyce Beullens
- Dries Van Hegen
- Steven Boen
- Rikkert van Dijck
- Tanya Zabarylo
- Renaat Coppens
- Season 1
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Episode 1: Pilot
David, a twelve year old boy, falls overboard during an exotic boat trip. He strands at one of the m...
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Episode 2: (#1.2)
Maarten and Sofie enjoy grooming childishly naive David, and discover his healthy taste for life has...
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Episode 3: (#1.3)
Frolicking outside, David bumped into Sofie's car, but isn't hurt and keeps playing in and on it. Ma...
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Episode 4: (#1.4)
As Delfine won't even be near David (which backfires hysterically in both senses), it's left to pa H...
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Episode 5: (#1.5)
Tim is initially denied a student-room, then allowed as long as he gets all passing grades. Sander b...
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Episode 6: (#1.6)
Pieter sees David as a unique memory research opportunity, Sofie wants to nurture him. Maarten's ide...
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Episode 7: (#1.7)
Painter Lotte puts Sander on hold purely on account of their age difference. Robbie helps Tim decora...
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Episode 8: (#1.8)
Pieter's blood test reveals David has hepatitis B, so he must have a social past before age ten. Tim...
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Episode 9: (#1.9)
Tim volunteers to mind David a while and show him how to play with his toys for 10 year-olds, as a m...
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Episode 10: (#1.10)
Tim is pleased with his penthouse. Robbie decides to throw a surprise housewarming party. Pieter dis...
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Episode 11: (#1.11)
Now his mother has fallen for Maarten's ploy, Pieter has to leave David with him and keeps drug-test...
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Episode 12: (#1.12)
Pieter recruits Hannelore Torfs, his experienced, ambitious ex, as new marketing manager at Klaerhou...
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Episode 13: (#1.13)
Tim tells Robbie he's meeting his new college friends, feeling 'dumped for Delfine'. Robbie explains...
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Episode 14: (#1.14)
Tim enjoys his surprise penthouse warming party. There he and Robbie quickly come to terms with bein...
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Episode 15: (#1.15)
Because David spontaneously made a sailor's knot, Pieter and Sofie take him on a yacht, where he pro...
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Episode 16: (#1.16)
Tim is worried that Robbie may be fired or resign after the row with his father, but Herman apologiz...
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Episode 17: (#1.17)
Tim takes Sofie's dumb advice to answer Robbie's goodbye-gift with perfume, then dumps it realizing ...
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Episode 18: (#1.18)
Sofie is torn between Maarten's claim Pieter abuses David somehow, and Pieter's that the mysteriousl...
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Episode 19: (#1.19)
After somewhat jealous Sander reproaches Lotte to sell out her dream to Steven, she explains her dad...
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Episode 20: (#1.20)
Tim's new mates Stijn and Quinten push 'teacher's pet' Laura away, even from him. She over-reacts, d...
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Episode 21: (#1.21)
Robbie visits Tim on campus and questions if rebel Quentin is a good influence. To David's delight, ...
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Episode 22: (#1.22)
Tim is getting tired of his party-friends and asks Robby's chat-advice to warn Laura they're about t...
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Episode 23: (#1.23)
David has escaped to the coast. He's unaware beach toys aren't free, nor entrance to the maritime mu...
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Episode 24: (#1.24)
David is arrested by two local cops, but doesn't even understand why and can't explain who he is or ...
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Episode 25: (#1.25)
The procurator releases David from police jail to nun Rita, who routinely minds illegal refugees. Th...
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Episode 26: (#1.26)
Tim follows Robbie's advice to find excuses not to take party in Stijn's bunch's prank. Nevertheless...
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Episode 27: (#1.27)
Klaerhout family lawyer Hugo hears the whole story how David was found, fell and was smuggled in on ...
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Episode 28: (#1.28)
Justice decides not to press charges for David's illegal arrival. Tim visits Laura, in hospital afte...
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Episode 29: (#1.29)
Tim wakes up besides Laura, innocently. Social Services rules David is smart enough to choose where ...
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Episode 30: (#1.30)
Loveable Tim manages to convince Stijn to leave Laura alone, and her to return to classes. David is ...
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Episode 31: (#1.31)
Tim encourages Laura not only to attend classes, but overcome her hesitation to seem like the teache...
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Episode 32: (#1.32)
Tim manages to keep friends with both Stijn's bunch and Laura by keeping them apart. Maarten and Sof...
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Episode 33: (#1.33)
Tim openly discredits Stijn's nasty pranks, which gets him excluded from the surfing bunch. Maarten ...
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Episode 34: (#1.34)
Sander is enthusiastic about David's willingness to help the ecologist group, for which Maarten is r...
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Episode 35: (#1.35)
Tim now firmly puts college 'mate' Stijn in his place when his date Laura is bothered. Now both answ...
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Episode 36: (#1.36)
Now the bunch treats Tim as teacher's pet too, he gets into a bar fistfight with Quentin. Pieter enj...
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Episode 37: (#1.37)
Tim tells Robbie, who hints to be in love with him, he's getting tired of the unruly student bunch a...
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Episode 38: (#1.38)
Visiting Tim at home, Robbie is amused by still hard to understand David's progress. The boys accept...
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Episode 39: (#1.39)
Now David naively believed a lonely passerby posing as his (would-be) ma, Tim and Robbie agree with ...
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Episode 40: (#1.40)
At Maarten's suggestion, Robbie makes a computer-aided rejuvenated version of David's face. Tim enjo...
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Episode 41: (#1.41)
Tim laughs at Stijn's insulting messages, even publicly ridicules his childishly phrased threats. He...
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Episode 42: (#1.42)
Hearing Laura's attitude and image problem stems from her family, he asks Robbie to check the Intern...
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Episode 43: (#1.43)
Robbie makes Tim reconsider to ask Quenten at his birthday surprise party for Laura as a loyalty tes...
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Episode 44: (#1.44)
Tim and Robbie believe Quenten, who claims he wants to break with rude Stijn. He helps organize Laur...
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Episode 45: (#1.45)
Stijn advises Quenten to attend Tim's birthday party for Laura. Reporter Karel Boutens interviews Da...
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Episode 46: (#1.46)
Herman regains conscience fast enough to host the dinner. Pieter has himself accepted as liaison bet...
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Episode 47: (#1.47)
Quinten wins Tim and Robbie's confidence by reporting Stijn wants him to sabotage the party by organ...
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Episode 48: (#1.48)
Sofie stops David at the last moment before they make love all the way. He doesn't get why, she feel...
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Episode 49: (#1.49)
Sofie accepts Pieter's marriage proposal, despite her 'forbidden love' for David, whom she gives a c...
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Episode 50: (#1.50)
Tim and Lotte agree to take their affair slowly. As Pieter predicts, David enjoys Hannelore's bio-pr...
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Episode 51: (#1.51)
Belgium...
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Episode 52: (#1.52)
Sander brings his homeopathic 'physician', Dr. Franky Goudeseune, to treat Lotte's cold. Steven visi...
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Episode 53: (#1.53)
David enthusiastically learns from Maarten about the cycle of life. Tim visits and accepts to teach ...
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Episode 54: (#1.54)
Stijn discovers Tim is a Klaerhout 'silver spoon boy' and uses his friend Tessa to lure David and po...
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Episode 55: (#1.55)
Just before David's first real date, actress Mieke, arrives, Maarten teaches him about safe sex. Pie...
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Episode 56: (#1.56)
The anti-globalists stage an 'everyone like David' protest on the Klaerhout estate. Sander is credit...
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Episode 57: (#1.57)
The DNA results arrive: no potential parents match David. Sofie tries exposing him to the diving gog...
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Episode 58: (#1.58)
After the Klaerhouts report David missing, probably at sea, where a lifeguard boat was stolen, a res...
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Episode 59: (#1.59)
Tim and Laura agree to attend Stijn's rave, as Quenten proposed, and to sleep together, just sleep f...
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Episode 60: (#1.60)
Sander can't accept Steven's financial support for Lotte, who calls him childish, so he returns home...
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Episode 61: (#1.61)
Tim does a great job as stand-in DJ at Stijn's party, but the fiend 'treats' him and Laura to a buck...
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Episode 62: (#1.62)
Belgium...
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Episode 63: (#1.63)
David glows at the Klaerhout bio pills presentation. Laura acts all distant afterward just because T...
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Episode 64: (#1.64)
Tim gives Laura a key of his apartment and shows her Stijn's mail to prove already posted shit incid...
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Episode 65: (#1.65)
Robbie learns Tim isn't about to start cramming long before the exams as Laura does. Robbie has a Fa...
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Episode 66: (#1.66)
Robbie's date disappointed, so he's early at Tim's. They update his Facebook pictures, and decide to...
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Episode 67: (#1.67)
Tim and Laura make love but postpone the deed as neither has 'protection' yet. David is confused by ...
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Episode 68: (#1.68)
Tim has bought condoms. Sander buys an engagement ring. Pieter's jealous anger she doesn't share his...
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Episode 69: (#1.69)
The Klaerhouts panic now Sofie is missing. Maarten calls Robbie, who accepts to drive him and David ...
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Episode 70: (#1.70)
Desperate, drunk, down and high, Herman lands on Andrea's couch after more scolding then support. Pi...
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Episode 71: (#1.71)
Tim and Laura try out his condoms supply, but their first time is a physical miss. They decide to gi...
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Episode 72: (#1.72)
Robbie rations his visits to Tim in an attempt to force him to study for exams in a week, but that o...
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Episode 73: (#1.73)
Tim rejects Laura's attempt to make him accept Quinten again. Maarten tries to make David understand...
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Episode 74: (#1.74)
Tim is bore now neither Laura nor Robbie can spare time for him, so he plays with Robbie's naughty p...
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Episode 75: (#1.75)
Finding Tim exchanged bloody nose-punches with Quinten, Robbie convinces him to do the right thing. ...
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Episode 76: (#1.76)
Lovesick Sander and Lotte make up in bed. After winning 5,000 Euro in the lottery, they agree not to...
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Episode 77: (#1.77)
Tim makes love again and tells Quinten about the royal visit the next day. Maarten and Sofie nurse D...
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Episode 78: (#1.78)
Stijn plots with the animal rights-activists who phoned the fake bomb-alert to set up Tim as 'accomp...
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Episode 79: (#1.79)
David suddenly remembers his full name: David Verbeecke. But he tells Sofie not to do another search...
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Episode 80: (#1.80)
Since he planted evidence at Tim's, Stijn also has access to his and Laura's text messages. Tim, Rob...
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Episode 81: (#1.81)
Robbie helps Tim work out someone, as they rightly guess Stijn, planted messages on his cellphone an...
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Episode 82: (#1.82)
Robbie leaves Tim alone with Laura, so the lovers can make up and confer who Fien is and why fake me...
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Episode 83: (#1.83)
Tim is furious about Fien's blackmail-attempt. Only Robbie can convince him to inform the police him...
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Episode 84: (#1.84)
Tim makes a full statement, which clearly impresses the police detective, and suggest to question St...
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Episode 85: (#1.85)
Ludo is confused by an unfriendly call from Herman after Bea sneakily met him. Sander returns to Lot...
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Episode 86: (#1.86)
Except for Bea, the Wellens fear the merger suspension means its end. Pieter reports his problems wi...
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Episode 87: (#1.87)
Tim worries about Stijn's revenge threat, Laura promises to help fight off anyone for him, but also ...
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Episode 88: (#1.88)
Tim desperately tries to stay neutral when Lauren meanly forces Robbie to admit he loves Tim and wan...
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Episode 89: (#1.89)
Robbie is heartbroken when Laura haughtily tells him 'from Tim' to leave them alone for a while. But...
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Episode 90: (#1.90)
Tim firmly refuses to let pig-headed, paranoiac Laura selfishly sabotage his friendship with Robbie....
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Episode 91: (#1.91)
Laura wants to move in with Tim. Andrea moves to the Klaerhout estate to help Herman with his cold-t...
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Episode 92: (#1.92)
Belgium...
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Episode 93: (#1.93)
Tim visits home, worried about dad's pills rehabilitation. Thus he happens to overhear him and Bea a...
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Episode 94: (#1.94)
Tim invites Quinten and Laura to Sofie's birthday party, also for David's journey back home. Robbie ...
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Episode 95: (#1.95)
Tim warns Delfine not to date his mate Quinten 'as a taste of commoners'. Sofie is touched, not cons...
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Episode 96: (#1.96)
After encouraging dad Herman's detox progress, Tim and Sofie helps David packing. Quinten firmly reb...
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Episode 97: (#1.97)
Tim and Robbie say goodbye to David. He decides last moment, after a memory flash, to leave all keep...
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Episode 98: (#1.98)
Tim generously lets Laura redecorate his penthouse, albeit tasteless girlishly. He soon finds out, d...
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Episode 99: (#1.99)
Now Laura has finally accepted Robbie again, Tim and she want fourth musketeer Quinten back too. In ...
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Episode 100: (#1.100)
Robbie finds the claim against Klaerhout's trusted painkiller plausible, but keeps snooping inventiv...
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Episode 101: (#1.101)
To Tim's disappointment, 'musketeer' Quinten seems lost to Delfine's party-life. Robbie has got hold...
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Episode 102: (#1.102)
Tim and Robbie celebrate his snooping all night. Silly Laura is angry to find them sleeping in Tim's...
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Episode 103: (#1.103)
Tim's irritation at Laura's childish wining about Robbie is cut short by Quinten's return, having bo...
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Episode 104: (#1.104)
Tim chats with Robbie how little he enjoys living together with Laura, who starts to sense her naggi...
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Episode 105: (#1.105)
Tim doesn't say so, but really gets tired of nagging winer Laura's absurd mothering his every move. ...
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Episode 106: (#1.106)
Tim tells Robbie he wants to break up with wining lover Laura without hurting her, so he wants to ap...
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Episode 107: (#1.107)
Tim continues his plan to make Laura leave him, yet considers Robbie's doubts. Pieter rages to sooth...
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Episode 108: (#1.108)
Tim is succeeding in making Laura feeling smothered by him for a change. Seeing Sofie instantly conv...
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Episode 109: (#1.109)
Tim's ploy only makes Laura admit they shouldn't cohabit constantly. Robbie gets angry at Tim for la...
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Episode 110: (#1.110)
Tim is now stuck with Laura pushing him and visiting only to study together. Sander and Lotte explai...
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Episode 111: (#1.111)
Belgium...
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Episode 112: (#1.112)
After Delfine admits to Casper she's jealous of a hospital volunteer whom the sick kids love to hear...
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Episode 113: (#1.113)
After Delfine admits to Casper she's jealous of a hospital volunteer whom the sick kids love to hear...
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Episode 114: (#1.114)
David realizes he can learn to be happy without Sofie since others do. Tom receives him and Lotte we...
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Episode 115: (#1.115)
Tessa pretends to make up with Laura, only so she can spike her drink. Tim finds her unconscious, as...
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Episode 116: (#1.116)
Caring for Laure rekindled Tim's love for her. After trying to coach her for the chemistry exam, he ...
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Episode 117: (#1.117)
Tim finds studying with Laura somehow even intellectually rewarding, she livens a break by 'dancing'...
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Episode 118: (#1.118)
Tim finds cramming all night too exhausting and grudgingly makes up with Quinten on Laura's insistin...
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Episode 119: (#1.119)
After celebrating Tim's A-exam with Quinten, Laura meanly pumps Robbie for Tim's discrete bone with ...
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Episode 120: (#1.120)
Tim finds bitterly Laura returned to her flat. Pieter makes Sofie explain to David only a fiancé's r...
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Episode 121: (#1.121)
Belgium...
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Episode 122: (#1.122)
David thanks Robbie affluently for his driving lessons, but pleads he should as generously make up w...
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Episode 123: (#1.123)
Tim has to handle Laura getting drunk as a skunk at the engagement party. Herman scolds him for spec...
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Episode 124: (#1.124)
Tim nearly tells Quinten what bugs him and Laura, who behaves childishly with her hang-over, but rus...
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Episode 125: (#1.125)
Robbie's arrival for another free driving lesson finally chases siren Delfine away from David. Seein...
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Episode 126: (#1.126)
Tim nearly tells his dad, but only swears Quinten to silence to admit he 'probably' is gay but doesn...
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Episode 127: (#1.127)
Tim feels tortured by having to keep his secret, which Quinten finds hard to keep from suspicious na...
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Episode 128: (#1.128)
After agonizing about coming clean to Robbie, Tim wrecks his laptop. Robbie sweetly comes measure up...
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Episode 129: (#1.129)
Tim gets his study group, and Laura promises to stop preying for his secret. Thanks to Robbie's coac...
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Episode 130: (#1.130)
Tim is rid of Laura, who makes him admit the study group was an excuse to avoid being alone with her...
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Episode 131: (#1.131)
Tim still gathers his nerve to come out. Robbie learns from Laura about her break-up with Tim but do...
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Episode 132: (#1.132)
Robbie visits Tim to talk trough their relationship, but like all Klaerhouts he's now concerned with...
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Episode 133: (#1.133)
Just when Robbie nearly walked out loosing patience, Tim finally admits he's in love with him but st...
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Episode 134: (#1.134)
Tim confronts Quentin with Laura to make her accept only Tessa shows an interest in their friend. Af...
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Episode 135: (#1.135)
Tim finally asks Robbie to sleep over in his penthouse. Lotte abuses the press to force Steven to al...
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Episode 136: (#1.136)
Tim and Robbie happy after their heavenly first night in bed. Tim still hesitates about outing himse...
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Episode 137: (#1.137)
Maarten is excited to hear Liesbeth is interested in him again, to Hennelore's fury. Sander and Lott...
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Episode 138: (#1.138)
Robbie is deeply hurt when Tim avoids his friends rather then be seen together with his gay lover. S...
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Episode 139: (#1.139)
Seeing how deep Robbie is hired by being hidden, Tim promises to make an effort. Being caught kissin...
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Episode 140: (#1.140)
Belgium...
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Episode 141: (#1.141)
Tim learns Robbie fears for his job, and searching for another would probably mean moving abroad, se...
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Episode 142: (#1.142)
The police informs the Klaerhout home Davis is arrested and will be charged for assault, maybe even ...
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Episode 143: (#1.143)
Belgium...
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Episode 144: (#1.144)
Tim fails to talk Quinten and Laura (who still hide their affair from him) out of systematically mee...
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Episode 145: (#1.145)
Tim still keeps his relationship with Robbie inconspicuous for his college friends, failing to get Q...
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Episode 146: (#1.146)
Tim attends a family meeting, where all children give Herman a free hand to bid on the Alzheimer pro...
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Episode 147: (#1.147)
Herman overbidding Bea for the Alzheimer project means a 'state of war' between the Klaerhout and We...
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Episode 148: (#1.148)
Robbie is scolded 'disloyal' by Herman for applying elsewhere and reproaches Tim spilling his secret...
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Episode 149: (#1.149)
Now Tim's secret is out, study mates Quiten and Laura confess their love too, but neither is really ...
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Episode 150: (#1.150)
Herman must accept he can't win the bio-line bid, hears Wellens tried to buy Andrea Maarten as R&D; c...
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Episode 151: (#1.151)
Tim worries that Robbie's job interview went so well they may have to move to Luxemburg soon. David ...
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Episode 152: (#1.152)
Tim cheerfully invites Sven to drop by, but Robbie reacts rather surprised then pleased to have his ...
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Episode 153: (#1.153)
Tim accepts another meeting with Sven, just them two, where they agree Robbie doesn't understand how...
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Episode 154: (#1.154)
Tim and Robbie are now happy as a gay couple, except Sven's flirting with Tim makes Robbie somewhat ...
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Episode 155: (#1.155)
Tim and Robbie are happy their outing was taken well at the exhibition. Tim ignores phone-calls from...
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Episode 156: (#1.156)
Tim is so furious his professor refuses to believe Stijn and Tessa don't do their part of the chemis...
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Episode 157: (#1.157)
Tim cooked dinner for Robbie, but is shattered by the news he accepted the Luxemburg job offer. Now ...
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Episode 158: (#1.158)
Tim can't accept having to miss Robbie most of the week, Robbie won't give up his own life. Tim invi...
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Episode 159: (#1.159)
Robbie returned early to apologize again for his jealousy and spend more time with Tim. Finding him ...
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Episode 160: (#1.160)
Tim feels so guilty about his infidelity that he can't even bare to let Sven in again. Sander fierce...
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Episode 161: (#1.161)
Robbie is furious to see Sven applying for his Klaerhout job, manages to sabotage that by outing out...
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Episode 162: (#1.162)
Robbie tells Sofie he's determined to leave Klaerhout now it's over with Tim, who gets his key back ...
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Episode 163: (#1.163)
Tim finds Robbie, who forgives his infidelity but concludes Tim still needs to experiment, so the br...
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Episode 164: (#1.164)
Tim finds some comfort with Quinten and Laura. Pieter learns the police may well be about to discove...
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Episode 165: (#1.165)
Tim admits to Quinten he can't yet cope with witnessing his happiness with Laura and helps David usi...
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Episode 166: (#1.166)
Tim tells Quinten he no longer acres whether the group assignment is turned in or not to make Stijn ...
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Episode 167: (#1.167)
Tim accepts to study again now Quinten won't turn in the group assignment, so Stijn and Tessa will f...
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Episode 168: (#1.168)
Sander and Jan get along, albeit tensely, while trying to help Lotte prepare the charity exhibition....
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Episode 169: (#1.169)
After the article on David meeting prostitutes, nearly everybody turns against him. Herman wants him...
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Episode 170: (#1.170)
Tim, still grieving for Robbie and objects to his chemistry professor's announcing the two chapters ...
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Episode 171: (#1.171)
Tim is cramming again with Quinten and Laura. Maarten enjoys growing in fatherhood but still fails t...
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Episode 172: (#1.172)
While Tim is cramming, Stijn gets Tessa to steal a drug from the college lab to stage drug-dealing '...
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Episode 173: (#1.173)
Tim studies for his life now he must get 12/12 on the exam questions he won't boycott. Stijn pays eq...
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Episode 174: (#1.174)
Despite Tim's bleak predicament, he over the moon when Robbie returns to help him. The boys make lov...
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Episode 175: (#1.175)
Tim and Robbie passionately celebrate being united as true lovers all the way, after Tim makes clear...
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Episode 176: (#1.176)
Robbie can barely convince Tim to interrupt their passion to attend classes. As if being taunted by ...
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Episode 177: (#1.177)
Robbie delights Tim by cooking a pasta dinner and announcing he he found the way to download the ori...
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Episode 178: (#1.178)
Tim and Robbie's happiness is cut short when they discover the original videos are deleted from Stij...
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Episode 179: (#1.179)
Robbie is warmly welcomed back by Herman as Tim's steady lover, and for offering help to identify th...
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Episode 180: (#1.180)
Told about the 'dealer video', Herman asks Tim to explain the truth and follows Robbie's suggestion ...
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Episode 181: (#1.181)
Only Tim accepts to help Delfine prepare for her new TV show. Ludo's ex-secretary hates Bea, so she ...
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Episode 182: (#1.182)
After the talk show prepping, Tim misses Robbie badly, but follows his advice by receiving police de...
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Episode 183: (#1.183)
Stijn promises to return the original recordings if Tim drops his complaint, but it's a ruse to intr...
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Episode 184: (#1.184)
Tim gets a visit from police detective Kevin and accepts to file a formal complaint against Stijn, s...
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Episode 185: (#1.185)
Tim accepts to lure Sofie to his penthouse so David can urge her to admit being i love with him and ...
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Episode 186: (#1.186)
Tim and Robbie celebrate their victory over Stijn, although Tim sort of pities the fiend being order...
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Episode 187: (#1.187)
To Tim's delight, Robbie asks and gets his Klaerhout job back, so he can return from Luxemburg for g...
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Episode 188: (#1.188)
Tim asks his dad for help to find Robbie's estranged parents, but there are no data in his personnel...
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Episode 189: (#1.189)
Tim's request to help find Robbie's parents is rudely ignored by their ex Sven. David's Sofie-obsess...
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Episode 190: (#1.190)
Tim sneaks into Herman's office to peek into Robbie's file, searching for his lover's parents, witho...
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Episode 191: (#1.191)
Tim breaks in to dad's office to peek at Robbie's secret personnel file. After reading his lover has...
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Episode 192: (#1.192)
Tim rages his dad should have warned him for Robbie's vice-past, only to be told his own breaking ac...
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Episode 193: (#1.193)
Although Robbie is still bitter about his latest stunt, Tim pleads and begs till Sven sort of forgiv...
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Episode 194: (#1.194)
Tim meets Robbie's parents over an oysters dinner, rather too fancy for them. They tell him that Rob...
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Episode 195: (#1.195)
Pieter has escaped with the research results and evidence, but is arrested at the Wellens home. Tim ...
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Episode 196: (#1.196)
Police detective De Smet compares Pieter's, David's and Sofie's stories, which adds up to lending le...
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Episode 197: (#1.197)
Hugo manages to keep Sofie free pending the police investigation, unlike Pieter. Ludo finds himself ...
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Episode 198: (#1.198)
While Tim prepares dinner for Robbie's parents, he tries to calm Quinten and Laura, who fear she is ...
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Episode 199: (#1.199)
Tim grudgingly abandons the dinner with Robbie and his parents to attend a Klaerhout family council,...
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Episode 200: (#1.200)
Tim and Robbie are happy now his parents ask them for a return dinner, until Quinten arrives to tell...
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Episode 201: (#1.201)
Tim, Robbie, Quinten and Laura worry about the effects of her pregnancy, but the doctor concludes fa...
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Episode 202: (#1.202)
Casper admits to Janos that Delfine intrigues him. Tim and Robbie visit Sofie for support, like Maar...
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Episode 203: (#1.203)
Even Casper now hopes Delfine might really care for Janos. The medical ethics commission completely ...
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Episode 204: (#1.204)
Robbie helps Sofie trace David's dad after all, in Antwerp, about to sail to sail to Miami for good....
- Season
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Episode : (2009-11-06)
Now the bunch treats Tim as teacher's pet too, he gets into a bar fistfight with Quentin. Pieter enj...
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A Conversation with Gen. David Petraeus
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 88:52
- Updated: 31 Oct 2012
Gen. David H. Petraeus, commander of US Central Command, engaged in an open dialogue at Vanderbilt University March 1, 2010, about his actions as commander of the surge in Iraq and the role of US forces overseas. The event was a conversation between Petraeus and Mike Newton, Vanderbilt professor of the practice of law. Newton is a West Point graduate who is an international legal adviser to the Iraqis and was one of the small team of international experts who taught them international criminal law and assisted with the trials. The conversation was sponsored by the International Legal Studies Program and the College of Arts and Science.
http://wn.com/A_Conversation_with_Gen_David_Petraeus
David Petraeus - Military Retirement Speech
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 25:35
- Updated: 07 Sep 2012
General David Petraeus - Military Farewell Retirement Speech. Delivered 31 August 2011, Joint Base Meyer-Henderson Hall, Virginia. Complete text transcript and enhanced audio mp3 at: americanrhetoric.com
http://wn.com/David_Petraeus_Military_Retirement_Speech
General David Petraeus grilled on Afghan drawdown
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:14
- Updated: 21 Sep 2012
The Nato commander in Afghanistan faces a Senate grilling on the military drawdown in Afghanistan at his confirmation hearing to become the next CIA director.
http://wn.com/General_David_Petraeus_grilled_on_Afghan_drawdown
Charlie Rose - Gen. David Petraeus
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Updated: 28 Sep 2012
Gen. David Petraeus, Commander, US Central Command www.charlierose.com
http://wn.com/Charlie_Rose_Gen_David_Petraeus
Petraeus Int 2012 CMDP.mp4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:34
- Updated: 02 Nov 2012
CIA Director, David H. Petraeus, is interviewed at the 2012 Chicago Memorial Day Parade, by Sergeant Jeff Granda, 139th Mobile Public Affairs Detachmment. Petraeus was the honored guest at the City of Chicago's Wreath Laying Ceremony and Memorial Day Parade Grand Marshall. Ilinois Governor Patrick Quinn and Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel, hosted the retired General in Chicago for the Memorial Day events.
http://wn.com/Petraeus_Int_2012_CMDPmp4
Gen. David Petraeus, in Nashville, addresses suicide prevention at Ft. Campbell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:55
- Updated: 01 Sep 2012
Petraeus, a former Ft. Campbell commander, speaks at Vanderbilt University March 1, 2010.
http://wn.com/Gen_David_Petraeus,_in_Nashville,_addresses_suicide_prevention_at_Ft_Campbell
The personal side of Gen. David Petraeus
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:05
- Updated: 31 Aug 2012
Jeff Glor talks to Paula Broadwell - author of "All In: The Education of General David Petraeus" - about the personal side of the man who was a four-star general who served over 37 years in the United States Army, oversaw all coalition forces in the Iraq War and who currently serves as the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
http://wn.com/The_personal_side_of_Gen_David_Petraeus
General David Petraeus sworn in as new CIA director
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:10
- Updated: 19 Oct 2012
US Vice President Joe Biden swears in the retired military commander as the new chief of the America's Central Intelligence Agency.
http://wn.com/General_David_Petraeus_sworn_in_as_new_CIA_director
ciagov David H. Petraeus - Fleshing Out Skull & Bones
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:59
- Updated: 10 Aug 2012
www.infowarsshop.com ciagov David H. Petraeus Fleshing Out Skull & Bones Kris Millegan
http://wn.com/ciagov_David_H_Petraeus_Fleshing_Out_Skull_Bones
Wilkins Awards
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:15
- Updated: 08 Sep 2012
General David Petraeus, Director of the CIA, talks about the importance of working together and leadership at The Riley Institute's Wilkins Awards.
http://wn.com/Wilkins_Awards
Observations from Soldiering in Iraq - David H. Petraeus - Dole Institute of Politics
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 84:01
- Updated: 23 May 2012
April 17, 2006 Observations from Soldiering in Iraq Lieutenant General David H. Petraeus Commanding General, US Army Combined Arms Center and Fort Leavenworth
http://wn.com/Observations_from_Soldiering_in_Iraq_David_H_Petraeus_Dole_Institute_of_Politics
Gen. David Petraeus states truth about Afghanistan and its mineral wealth
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:47
- Updated: 27 Oct 2012
Gen. David Petraeus lets the cat out of the bag and states the truth about Afghanistan and its mineral wealth. Mineral deposits which make Afghanistan one of the power houses of minerals like KSA is of oil.
http://wn.com/Gen_David_Petraeus_states_truth_about_Afghanistan_and_its_mineral_wealth
GEN David Petraeus Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:41
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
GEN David Petraeus, Commander of US Forces-Afghanistan and NATO's International Security Assistance Force, gives an exit interview with NATO TV about progress made over the past year and how the Afghan security forces responded to the attack on the Intercontinental Hotel. Check out more DoD videos at www.dodvclips.mil
http://wn.com/GEN_David_Petraeus_Interview
Gen. David Petraeus Retirement Ceremony (COMPLETE CEREMONY!)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 93:05
- Updated: 02 Nov 2012
Video of the Gen. David Petraeus retirement ceremony held at Fort Myer Va. This is the complete ceremony including all the speeches and the Drill and Ceremony presentations. It is very long, but very nice to listen to all the great things thi sman has done in his years of military service to the country.
http://wn.com/Gen_David_Petraeus_Retirement_Ceremony_COMPLETE_CEREMONY!
The GREED of Gen. David Petraeus about Afghanistan !!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:47
- Updated: 07 Aug 2012
Gen. David Petraeus- We Can't Leave Afghanistan Now , They Have Trillions of Dollars of Minerals Check this !! www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/The_GREED_of_Gen_David_Petraeus_about_Afghanistan_!!
Gen. David Petraeus: We Can't Leave Afghanistan Now, They Have Trillions of Dollars of Minerals
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:47
- Updated: 06 Nov 2012
"If Afghanistan can become the central Asian 'roundabout,' to use President Karzai's term, to where it can be the new Silk Road, think of the implications for that, recalling that, of course, Afghanistan is blessed with the presence of what are trillions, with an 'S' on the end, trillions of dollars worth of minerals if, and only if, you can get the extractive technology, the human capital operated, the lines of communication to enable you to get it out of the country and all the rest of that. Very big 'if.' And of course, there's a foundation of security that would be necessary on, on which to build all of that. But, again, the prospects are very significant if you can achieve objectives." -- Gen. David Petraeus, Meet the Press, Sunday, August 15th, 2010 Full video here: www.msnbc.msn.com And even if you can achieve those objectives, what gives you the right to? No blood for minerals at www.michaelmoore.com
http://wn.com/Gen_David_Petraeus_We_Can't_Leave_Afghanistan_Now,_They_Have_Trillions_of_Dollars_of_Minerals
David Petraeus speaking at ROA's 2012 Symposium
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 28:20
- Updated: 20 Sep 2012
Remarks by Hon. David Patreaus, Director, CIA at the opening session of the 2012 ROA National Security Symposium, Monday, January 30, 2012
http://wn.com/David_Petraeus_speaking_at_ROA's_2012_Symposium
ciagov David H. Petraeus Fleshing Out Skull & Bones 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:52
- Updated: 09 Sep 2012
www.infowarsshop.com ciagov David H. Petraeus Fleshing Out Skull & Bones Kris Millegan
http://wn.com/ciagov_David_H_Petraeus_Fleshing_Out_Skull_Bones_2
Kyra Phillips' fawing interview with General Petraeus
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:06
- Updated: 22 Sep 2012
There's something quite disturbing about the enthusiasm of journalists to dress up in faux-military costume. The desire to identify with the military is palpable, and seeps into all their reporting. See, for instance, this creepily fawning interview with the PR man for the ongoing slaughter in Iraq, David Petraeus (which gets especially bad at around the 18 minute mark). CNN
http://wn.com/Kyra_Phillips'_fawing_interview_with_General_Petraeus
General Petraeus receiving Jefferson Award at Constitution Hall
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:51
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
General Petraeus receives the Jefferson Awards for Greatest Service by an Elected or Appointed Official
http://wn.com/General_Petraeus_receiving_Jefferson_Award_at_Constitution_Hall
Full Gen. David H. Petraeus ISAF Change of Command Ceremony
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 85:38
- Updated: 02 Sep 2012
This is the entire ceremony! KABUL, Afghanistan (July 18, 2011) -- US Marine Corps Gen. John R. Allen assumed command of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) from US Army Gen. David H. Petraeus at a change of command ceremony today, attended by senior Afghan and NATO officials, including German Army Gen. Wolf Langheld, Commander, Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum; Adm. Mike Mullen, US Chairman of the Joints Chiefs of Staff; and Marine Corps Gen. James N. Mattis, Commander, US Central Command.
http://wn.com/Full_Gen_David_H_Petraeus_ISAF_Change_of_Command_Ceremony
Command Sergeant Major Marvin L. Hill's Retirement Ceremony
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 69:01
- Updated: 08 Oct 2012
It was a veritable Who's Who that showed up at Fort Campbell on Friday to attend the retirement ceremony of Command Sergeant Major, Marvin L. Hill. During his long service Command Sergeant Major Hill made his mark on both the 101st Airborne Division at Fort Campbell, and the US Army as a whole. Gen. David H. Petraeus (US Army Ret), the Former Commander of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), and current Director of the Central Intelligence Agency was on hand to commemorate his long service. Director Petraeus was introduced by Maj. Gen. James C. McConnell The commander of the 101st Airborne Division.
http://wn.com/Command_Sergeant_Major_Marvin_L_Hill's_Retirement_Ceremony
CIA demands more drones
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:23
- Updated: 06 Nov 2012
CIA Director David Petraeus is urging the White House to expand the agency's drone fleet, insisting it will allow the agency to carry on with its missions in Pakistan, Yemen and North Africa. The Pentagon is also planning to increase its inventory by 35% in the future. So in total the US has 791 operational drone right now and is planning to buy another 732. Are those military machines really necessary? Lieutenant Col. Anthony Schaffer of Advanced Defense Studies joins RT's Meghan Lopez. Like us and/or follow us: twitter.com www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/CIA_demands_more_drones
Photo: AP / Andres Kudacki
07 Nov 2012
Barack Obama claimed a second presidential term last night as a progressive coalition of women, minorities and young people came together to return America’s first black president to the White...
Photo: US Navy / Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class Todd A. Schaffer
06 Nov 2012
- At an unknown location somewhere deep beneath the world's oceans, a British submarine sits primed to launch up to 40 nuclear warheads with a collective destructive power almost 300 times greater...
Photo: AP
06 Nov 2012
The inquiry into the miners' deaths is showing how police doctored evidence and revealing a force that believes itself to be above South African law...
Photo: AP / Carolyn Kaster
07 Nov 2012
CHICAGO (Reuters) - The crowd was smaller than it was four years ago, and the venue was indoors, but President Barack Obama's victory party early on Wednesday shared a theme with his 2008 election...
Photo: WN / Ahmed Deeb
05 Nov 2012
RAMALLAH, West Bank - A Western diplomat says the exhumation of late Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's remains will take place Nov. 26....
West Xtra: Riverside savors WPIAL title victory
08 Nov 2012
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
Like many squads, Riverside High School's boys soccer team prefers to play with the lead. So when the Panthers found themselves trailing, 1-0, at halftime to Greensburg Central Catholic in the WPIAL Class A championship game last Saturday night at Baldwin, coach Ben Huth knew an adjustment was...(size: 3.7Kb)
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
Greensburg Central Catholic High School boys soccer coach Tom Sochacki was glad that his team would have to look ahead rather than dwell on a heartbreaking 2-1 double-overtime loss to Riverside in the WPIAL Class AA championship Saturday night. "[Getting ready for another game] is a good thing,"...(size: 4.5Kb)
The Hot List: Cultural events this weekend
08 Nov 2012
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
TONIGHT Warhol scenes If you missed Dean & Britta & Andy the first time, here is another chance. The Andy Warhol Museum's Sound Series continues with an encore of Dean & Britta performing "13 Most Beautiful ... Songs for Andy Warhol's Screen Tests" at The Warhol Theater at 8...(size: 8.9Kb)
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
BEVERLY HILLS, Calif. -- Thirty years ago, Wolfgang Puck opened Spago in West Hollywood, a restaurant that is still celebrated across this town, pioneering a lively new style of California cooking and offering a festive rebuke to all the white tablecloths. But these days, Mr. Puck's name...(size: 6.6Kb)
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
When David Levdansky went to bed early Wednesday morning, he was up by 64 votes against his Republican opponent, Rick Saccone, for the 39th House District seat and thought he had won the race. When he woke up five hours later, Allegheny County had changed its numbers and Mr. Levdansky was losing by...(size: 3.0Kb)
Patrick Kennedy focuses on 'invisible wound'
08 Nov 2012
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
Former Congressman Patrick Kennedy told a national psychiatric nurses convention Downtown on Wednesday that if the nation could focus on the brain injuries and post-traumatic stress afflicting returning military veterans, it might finally break down the stigma that has hobbled mental health...(size: 4.3Kb)
The way forward
08 Nov 2012
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
The American people have spoken -- at least the ones who believe in a participatory democracy and are both eligible and moved to vote. Unfortunately this election only shows the will of the people to be almost as...(size: 1.4Kb)
Three Rivers Film festival schedule -- week 2
08 Nov 2012
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
Three Rivers Film Festival tickets, $10 for most movies, are on sale through ShowClix.com (or 1-888-71tickets). If tickets remain, they will be sold at the door 30 minutes before showtime. A six-pack pass, $50, good for six admissions excluding special events, is available only through the front...(size: 6.4Kb)
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
Margie Walsh is having a terrible time of it, and you're invited to listen in. In David Lindsay-Abaire's Tony-nominated play "Good People," Margie (pronounced with a hard "g") is a mouthy Southie whose indomitable spirit is tested as troubles pile up. The single mom of a mentally disabled...(size: 5.2Kb)
Waxwork of David Cameron given moustache to highlight Movember, the male cancer charity event
08 Nov 2012
The Daily Mail
Prime Minister...(size: 0.1Kb)
Chicago Sun-Times
Updated: November 7, 2012 11:04PM People close to both Kanye West and Kim Kardashian report the couple not only are still crazy about each other — but putting out more and more signs they soon will get engaged. “They really have connected with each other,” a longtime Kardashian clan insider told me...(size: 5.9Kb)
2nd nor’easter slams N.Y., N.J.
08 Nov 2012
The Washington Times
Video: NEW YORK — A nor’easter blustered into New York and New Jersey on Wednesday with rain and wet snow, plunging homes right back into darkness, stopping commuter trains again and inflicting another round of misery on thousands of people still reeling from Superstorm...(size: 7.8Kb)
Killian football rallies to beat Columbus
08 Nov 2012
The Miami Herald
Killianâs football team didnât change anything on the playoff bracket Wednesday night. But it did alter the perception of what to expect in the upcoming Class 8A playoffs. The Cougars sent a clear message they are legit contenders for a state championship by rallying to beat Columbus 21-17 at...(size: 4.0Kb)
David Howell Petraeus (pronunciation: /pɨˈtreɪ.əs/; born November 7, 1952) is the current Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. He was sworn in on September 6, 2011.[1] Prior to his assuming the directorship of the CIA, Petraeus was a four-star general serving over 37 years in the United States Army. His last assignments in the Army were as commander of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) and Commander, U.S. Forces Afghanistan (USFOR-A) from July 4, 2010 to July 18, 2011. His other four-star assignments include serving as the 10th Commander, U.S. Central Command (USCENTCOM) from October 13, 2008, to June 30, 2010, and as Commanding General, Multi-National Force - Iraq (MNF-I) from February 10, 2007, to September 16, 2008.[2] As commander of MNF-I, Petraeus oversaw all coalition forces in Iraq.[3][4]
Petraeus has a B.S. degree from the United States Military Academy from which he graduated in 1974 as a distinguished cadet (top 5% of his class). He was the General George C. Marshall Award winner as the top graduate of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College class of 1983.[5] He subsequently earned an M.P.A. in 1985 and a Ph.D. degree in International Relations in 1987 from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. He later served as Assistant Professor of International Relations at the United States Military Academy and also completed a fellowship at Georgetown University.[6]
Some news reports have speculated that Petraeus may have interest in running for the presidency, especially after he visited a school known for hosting the presidential debates, New Hampshire's Saint Anselm College. Petraeus lives in New Hampshire.[7] Despite these accounts, Petraeus has categorically asserted that he has no political ambitions.[8][9][10][11] On June 23, 2010, President Barack Obama nominated Petraeus to succeed General Stanley McChrystal as commanding general of the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan, technically a step down from his position as Commander of United States Central Command, which oversees the military efforts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Central Asia, the Arabian Peninsula, and Egypt.[12][13][14]
On June 30, 2011, Petraeus was unanimously confirmed as the next Director of the CIA by the US Senate 94-0.[15] Petraeus relinquished command of U.S. and NATO forces in Afghanistan on July 18, and retired from the U.S. Army on August 31.[16]
Personal life[link]
Petraeus was born in Cornwall-on-Hudson, New York, the son of Miriam (née Howell), a librarian, and Sixtus Petraeus, a sea captain from Franeker, Netherlands.[17] His mother was American and his father had immigrated to the United States from the Netherlands during the initial phase of World War II.[18] Sixtus settled in Cornwall-on-Hudson, where David Petraeus grew up and graduated from Cornwall Central High School in 1970.
Petraeus then went on to the United States Military Academy at West Point. Petraeus was on the intercollegiate soccer and ski teams, was a cadet captain on the brigade staff, and was a "distinguished cadet" academically, graduating in the top 5% of the Class of 1974 (ranked 43rd overall). In the class yearbook, Petraeus was remembered as "always going for it in sports, academics, leadership, and even his social life."[19]
Two months after graduation Petraeus married Holly Knowlton, a graduate of Dickinson College and daughter of Army General William A. Knowlton, who was superintendent of West Point at the time.[20] Holly, who is multi-lingual, was a National Merit Scholar in high school, and graduated summa cum laude from Dickinson College. They have a daughter and son, Anne and Stephen. Petraeus administered the oath of office at his son's 2009 commissioning into the Army after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[21][22] His son went on to serve in Afghanistan as a member of Alpha Company, 3rd Platoon, 1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment, 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team.[23]
Petraeus's official domicile in the United States is a rustic property in the small community of Springfield, New Hampshire, which his wife inherited from her family.[24]
Education and academia[link]
Petraeus graduated from West Point in 1974. He earned the General George C. Marshall Award as the top graduate of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College Class of 1983 at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He subsequently earned an M.P.A. in 1985 and a Ph.D. degree in international relations in 1987 from Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, then served as an Assistant Professor of International Relations at the U.S. Military Academy from 1985 to 1987. His doctoral dissertation was entitled "The American Military and the Lessons of Vietnam: A Study of Military Influence and the Use of Force in the Post-Vietnam Era".[25] He also completed a military fellowship at Georgetown University's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service in 1994–1995, although he was called away early to serve in Haiti as the Chief of Operations for the UN force there in early 1995.[citation needed]
From late 2005 through February 2007,[26] Petraeus served as Commanding General of Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and the U.S. Army Combined Arms Center (CAC) located there. As commander of CAC, Petraeus was responsible for oversight of the Command and General Staff College and seventeen other schools, centers, and training programs as well as for developing the Army’s doctrinal manuals, training the Army’s officers, and supervising the Army’s center for the collection and dissemination of lessons learned. During his time at CAC, Petraeus and Marine Lt. Gen. James N. Mattis jointly oversaw the publication of Field Manual 3-24, Counterinsurgency, the body of which was written by an extraordinarily diverse group of military officers, academics, human rights advocates, and journalists who had been assembled by Petraeus and Mattis.[27][28] Additionally, at both Fort Leavenworth and throughout the military's schools and training programs, Petraeus integrated the study of counterinsurgency into lesson plans and training exercises. In recognition of the fact that soldiers in Iraq often performed duties far different than those they trained for, Petraeus also stressed the importance of teaching soldiers how to think as well as how to fight and the need to foster flexibility and adaptability in leaders,[29][30] he has been called "the world's leading expert in counter-insurgency warfare".[31] Later, having refined his ideas on counterinsurgency based on the implementation of the new counterinsurgency doctrine in Iraq, he published both in Iraq as well as in the Sep/Oct 2008 edition of Military Review his "Commander's Counterinsurgency Guidance" to help guide leaders and units in the Multi-National Force-Iraq.[32]
File:GEN Petraeus Aug 2011 Photo.jpg
U.S. Army Gen. David H. Petraeus, during his time in the Army.
Military operations[link]
1970s[link]
Upon his graduation from West Point in 1974, Petraeus was commissioned an infantry officer. After completing Ranger School (Distinguished Honor Graduate and other honors), Petraeus was assigned to the 509th Airborne Battalion Combat Team, a light infantry unit in Vicenza, Italy. Ever since, light infantry has been at the core of his career, punctuated by assignments to mechanized units, unit commands, staff assignments, and educational institutions. After leaving the 509th as a first lieutenant, Petraeus began a brief association with mechanized units when he became assistant operations officer on the staff of the 2nd Brigade, 24th Infantry Division (Mechanized) at Fort Stewart, Georgia. In 1979, he assumed command of a company in the same division: ALPHA Company, 2nd Battalion, 19th Infantry Regiment (Mechanized), and then served as that battalion's operations officer, a major's position that he held as a junior captain. In 1988–1989, he also served as operations officer to the 3rd Infantry Division (Mechanized)'s 1st Battalion, 30th Infantry Regiment (Mechanized) and its 1st Brigade.
1980s[link]
In 1981, Petraeus became aide-de-camp to the Commanding General of the 24th Infantry Division (Mechanized).[33] He spent the next few years furthering his military and civilian education, including spending 1982-83 at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, attending the Command and General Staff College. At graduation in 1983, he was the General George C. Marshall Award winner as the top graduate of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. From 1983-85 he was at Princeton; and 1985-87 at West Point. After earning his Ph.D. and teaching at West Point, Petraeus continued up the rungs of the command ladder, serving as military assistant to Gen. John Galvin, the Supreme Allied Commander in Europe. From there, he moved to the 3rd Infantry Division (Mechanized) and then to a post as aide and assistant executive officer to the U.S. Army Chief of Staff, Gen. Carl Vuono, in Washington, D.C.
1990s[link]
Upon promotion to lieutenant colonel, Petraeus moved from the office of the Chief of Staff to Fort Campbell, Kentucky, where he commanded the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault)'s 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment from 1991–1993. As battalion commander of the Iron Rakkasans, he suffered one of the more dramatic incidents in his career; in 1991 he was accidentally shot in the chest with an M-16 assault rifle during a live-fire exercise when a soldier tripped and his rifle discharged.[34] He was taken to Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, where he was operated on by future U.S. Senator Bill Frist. The hospital released him early after he did fifty push ups without resting, just a few days after the accident.[35][36]
During 1993–94, Petraeus continued his long association with the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) as the division's Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3 (plans, operations and training) and installation Director of Plans, Training, and Mobilization (DPTM). In 1995, he was assigned to the United Nations Mission in Haiti Military Staff as its Chief Operations Officer during Operation Uphold Democracy. His next command, from 1995–97, was the 1st Brigade, 82nd Airborne Division, centered on the 504th Parachute Infantry Regiment. At that post, his brigade's training cycle at Fort Polk's Joint Readiness Training Center for low-intensity warfare was chronicled by novelist and military enthusiast Tom Clancy in his book Airborne. From 1997-99 Petraeus served in the Pentagon as Executive Assistant to the Director of the Joint Staff and then to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, Gen. Henry Shelton, who described Petraeus as "a high-energy individual who likes to lead from the front, in any field he is going into."[37] In 1999, as a brigadier general, Petraeus returned to the 82nd, serving as the assistant division commander for operations and then, briefly, as acting commanding general. During his time with the 82nd, he deployed to Kuwait as part of Operation Desert Spring, the continuous rotation of combat forces through Kuwait during the decade after the Gulf War.
2000s[link]
From the 82nd, he moved on to serve as Chief of Staff of XVIII Airborne Corps at Fort Bragg during 2000–2001. In 2000, Petraeus suffered his second major injury, when, during a civilian skydiving jump, his parachute collapsed at low altitude due to a hook turn, resulting in a hard landing that broke his pelvis. He was selected for promotion to Major General in 2001.[38] During 2001–2002, as a brigadier general, Petraeus served a ten-month tour in Bosnia and Herzegovina as part of Operation Joint Forge. In Bosnia, he was the NATO Stabilization Force Assistant Chief of Staff for Operations as well as the Deputy Commander of the U.S. Joint Interagency Counter-Terrorism Task Force, a command created after the September 11 attacks to add counterterrorism capability to the U.S. forces attached to the NATO command in Bosnia. In 2004, he was promoted to Lieutenant General.[39] In 2007, he was promoted to General.[40] On April 23, 2008, Secretary of Defense Gates announced that President Bush was nominating General Petraeus to command U.S. Central Command (USCENTCOM), headquartered in Tampa, Florida. The nomination required and received Senate confirmation.[41] He was confirmed by the Senate on June 30, 2010,[42] and took over command from temporary commander Lieutenant-General Sir Nick Parker on July 4, 2010.[43]
Involvement in the Iraq War[link]
101st Airborne Division[link]
In 2003, Petraeus, then a Major General, saw combat for the first time when he commanded the 101st Airborne Division during V Corps's drive to Baghdad. In a campaign chronicled in detail by Pulitzer Prize-winning author Rick Atkinson of The Washington Post in the book In the Company of Soldiers, Petraeus led his division through fierce fighting south of Baghdad, in Karbala, Hilla and Najaf. Following the fall of Baghdad, the division conducted the longest heliborne assault on record in order to reach Ninawa Province, where it would spend much of 2003. The 1st Brigade was responsible for the area south of Mosul, the 2nd Brigade for the city itself, and the 3rd Brigade for the region stretching toward the Syrian border. An often-repeated story of Petraeus's time with the 101st is his asking of embedded Washington Post reporter Rick Atkinson to "Tell me how this ends,"[44] an anecdote he and other journalists have used to portray Petraeus as an early recognizer of the difficulties that would follow the fall of Baghdad.[45][46][47][48][49][50]
In Mosul, a city of nearly two million people, Petraeus and the 101st employed classic counterinsurgency methods to build security and stability, including conducting targeted kinetic operations and using force judiciously, jump-starting the economy, building local security forces, staging elections for the city council within weeks of their arrival, overseeing a program of public works, reinvigorating the political process,[51][52][53] and launching 4,500 reconstruction projects in Iraq.[54] This approach can be attributed to Petraeus, who had been steeped in nation-building during his previous tours in nations such as Bosnia and Haiti and thus approached nation-building as a central military mission and who was "prepared to act while the civilian authority in Baghdad was still getting organized," according to Michael Gordon of The New York Times.[55] Some Iraqis gave Petraeus the nickname 'King David,'[51][56] which was later adopted by some of his colleagues.[57][58][59] Newsweek has stated that "It's widely accepted that no force worked harder to win Iraqi hearts and minds than the 101st Air Assault Division led by Petraeus."
One of the General's major public works was the restoration and re-opening of the University of Mosul.[60][61] Petraeus strongly supported the use of commanders' discretionary funds for public works, telling Coalition Provisional Authority director L. Paul Bremer "Money is ammunition" during the director's first visit to Mosul.[62][63] Petraeus' often repeated[64][65][66] catchphrase was later incorporated into official military briefings[67][68] and was also eventually incorporated into the U.S. Army Counterinsurgency Field Manual drafted with Petraeus's oversight.[69]
In February 2004, the 101st was replaced in Mosul by a portion of I Corps headquarters, but operational forces consisted solely of a unit roughly one quarter its size—a Stryker brigade. The following summer, the Governor of Nineveh Province was assassinated and most of the Sunni Arab Provincial Council members walked out in the ensuing selection of the new governor, leaving Kurdish members in charge of a predominantly Sunni Arab province. Later that year, the local police commander defected to the Kurdish Minister of Interior in Irbil after repeated assassination attempts against him, attacks on his house, and the kidnapping of his sister. The largely Sunni Arab police collapsed under insurgent attacks launched at the same time Coalition Forces attacked Fallujah in November 2004.
There are differing explanations for the apparent collapse of the police force in Mosul. The Guardian quoted an anonymous US diplomat saying "Mosul basically collapsed after he [Petraeus] left". Former diplomat Peter Galbraith criticized Petraeus' command of the 101st, saying his achievements have been exaggerated and his reputation is inflated. He wrote for The New York Review of Books that "Petraeus ignored warnings from America's Kurdish allies that he was appointing the wrong people to key positions in Mosul's local government and police."[70] On the other hand, in the book Fiasco, Washington Post reporter Tom Ricks wrote that "Mosul was quiet while he (Petraeus) was there, and likely would have remained so had his successor had as many troops as he had—and as much understanding of counterinsurgency techniques." Ricks went on to note that "the population-oriented approach Petraeus took in Mosul in 2003 would be the one the entire U.S. Army in Iraq was trying to adopt in 2006."[71] Time columnist Joe Klein largely agreed with Ricks, writing that the Stryker brigade that replaced the 101st "didn't do any of the local governance that Petraeus had done." Moving away from counterinsurgency principles, "they were occupiers, not builders."[72] New York Times reporter Michael Gordon and retired General Bernard Trainor echoed Ricks and Klein, including in their book Cobra II a quote that Petraeus "did it right and won over Mosul."[73]
Multi-National Security Transition Command – Iraq[link]
In June 2004, less than six months after the 101st returned to the U.S., Petraeus was promoted to lieutenant general and became the first commander of the Multi-National Security Transition Command Iraq. This newly created command had responsibility for training, equipping, and mentoring Iraq's growing Army, Police, and other security forces as well as developing Iraq's security institutions and building associated infrastructure, such as training bases, police stations, and border forts. During Petraeus's fifteen months at the helm of MNSTC-I, he stood up a three-star command virtually from scratch and in the midst of serious fighting in places like Fallujah, Mosul, and Najaf. By the end of his command, some 100,000 Iraqi Security Forces had been trained; Iraqi Army and Police were being employed in combat; countless reconstruction projects had been executed; and hundreds of thousands of weapons, body armor, and other equipment had been distributed in what was described as the "largest military procurement and distribution effort since World War II," at a cost of over $11 billion.[74]
In September 2004, Petraeus wrote an article for The Washington Post in which he described the tangible progress being made in building Iraq's security forces from the ground up while also noting the many challenges associated with doing so. "Although there have been reverses -- not to mention horrific terrorist attacks," Petraeus wrote, "there has been progress in the effort to enable Iraqis to shoulder more of the load for their own security, something they are keen to do."[75] Some of the challenges involved in building security forces had to do with accomplishing this task in the midst of a tough insurgency—or, as Petraeus wrote, "making the mission akin to repairing an aircraft while in flight -- and while being shot at." Other challenges included allegations of corruption as well as efforts to improve Iraq's supply accountability procedures. For example, according to former Interim Iraq Governing Council member Ali A. Allawi in The Occupation of Iraq: Winning the War, Losing the Peace, "under the very noses of the security transition command, officials both inside and outside the ministry of defense were planning to embezzle most, if not all, of the procurement budget of the army."[76] The Washington Post stated in August 2007 that the Pentagon had lost track of approximately 30% of weapons supplied to the Iraqi security forces. The General Accounting Office said that the weapons distribution was haphazard, rushed, and did not follow established procedures—particularly from 2004 to 2005, when security training was led by Petraeus and Iraq's security forces began to see combat in places like Najaf and Samarra.[77] Over a hundred thousand AK-47 assault rifles and pistols were delivered to Iraqi forces without full documentation, and some of the missing weapons may have been abducted by Iraqi insurgents.[78][79] Thousands of body armour pieces have also been lost.[80] The Independent has stated that the military believed "the situation on the ground was so urgent, and the agency responsible for recording the transfers of arms so short staffed, that field commanders had little choice in the matter."[81] The Pentagon conducted its own investigation, and accountability was subsequently regained for many of the weapons.[82]
Following his second tour in Iraq, Petraeus authored a widely read article in Military Review, listing fourteen observations he had made during two tours in Iraq, including: do not do too much with your own hands, money is ammunition, increasing the number of stakeholders is critical to success, success in a counterinsurgency requires more than just military operations, ultimate success depends on local leaders, there is no substitute for flexible and adaptable leaders, and, finally, a leader's most important task is to set the right tone.[83]
Multi-National Force – Iraq (spring 2007)[link]
In January 2007, as part of his overhauled Iraq strategy, President George W. Bush announced that Petraeus would succeed Gen. George Casey as commanding general of MNF-I to lead all U.S. troops in Iraq. On January 23, the Senate Armed Services Committee held Petraeus' nomination hearing, during which he testified on his ideas for Iraq, particularly the strategy underpinning the "surge" of forces. During his opening statement, Petraeus stated that "security of the population, especially in Baghdad, and in partnership with the Iraqi Security Forces, will be the focus of the military effort." He went on to state that security will require establishing a persistent presence, especially in Iraq's most threatened neighborhoods. He also noted the critical importance of helping Iraq increase its governmental capacity, develop employment programs, and improve daily life for its citizens.[84]
Throughout Petraeus' tenure in Iraq, Multi-National Force-Iraq endeavored to work with the Government of Iraq to carry out this strategy that focuses on securing the population. Doing so required establishing—and maintaining—persistent presence by living among the population, separating reconcilable Iraqis from irreconcilable enemies, relentlessly pursuing the enemy, taking back sanctuaries and then holding areas that have been cleared, and continuing to develop Iraq's security forces and to support local security forces, often called Sons of Iraq, and to integrate them into the Iraqi Army and Police and other employment programs.[85][86][87]
The strategy underpinning the "surge" of forces, as well as the ideas Petraeus included in US army Field Manual 3-24, Counterinsurgency, have been referred to by some journalists and politicians as the "Petraeus Doctrine," although the surge itself was proposed a few months before Petraeus took command. Despite the misgivings of most Democratic and a few Republican senators over the proposed implementation of the "Petraeus Doctrine" in Iraq, specifically regarding the troop surge, Petraeus was unanimously confirmed as a four-star general and MNF-I commander on January 27.[88][89]
Before leaving for Iraq, Petraeus recruited a number of highly educated military officers, nicknamed "Petraeus guys" or "designated thinkers," to advise him as commander, including Col. Mike Meese, head of the Social Sciences Department at West Point and Col. H.R. McMaster, famous for his leadership at the Battle of 73 Easting in the Gulf War and in the pacification of Tal Afar more recently, as well as for his doctoral dissertation on Vietnam-era civil-military relations entitled Dereliction of Duty. While most of Petraeus's closest advisers are American military officers, he also hired Lt. Col. David Kilcullen of the Australian Army, who was working for the US State Department.[90] Kilcullen upon his return from Iraq published The Accidental Guerrilla,[91] and has discussed the central front of the war and lessons learned in Iraq in The Washington Post.[92]
After taking command of MNF-I on February 10, 2007, Petraeus inspected U.S. and Iraqi units all over Iraq, visiting outposts in greater Baghdad, Tikrit, Baquba, Ramadi, Mosul, Kirkuk, Bayji, Samarra, Basrah and as far west as al-Hit and Al Qaim. In April 2007, Petraeus made his first visit to Washington as MNF-I Commander, reporting to President Bush and Congress on the progress of the "surge" and the overall situation in Iraq. During this visit he met privately with members of Congress and reportedly argued against setting a timetable for U.S. troop withdrawal from Iraq.[93]
By late May 2007, Congress did not impose any timetables in war funding legislation for troop withdrawal.[94] The enacted legislation did mandate that Petraeus and U.S. Ambassador to Iraq, Ryan Crocker, deliver a report to Congress by September 15, 2007, detailing their assessment of the military, economic and political situation of Iraq.
In June 2007, Petraeus stated in an interview that there were “astonishing signs of normalcy” in Baghdad, and this comment drew criticism from Senate majority leader Harry Reid. In the same interview, however, Petraeus stated that "many problems remain" and he noted the need to help the Iraqis "stitch back together the fabric of society that was torn during the height of sectarian violence" in late 2006.[95] Petraeus also warned that he expected that the situation in Iraq would require the continued deployment of the elevated troop level of more than 150,000 beyond September 2007; he also stated that U.S. involvement in Iraq could last years afterward.[96] These statements are representative of the fact that throughout their time in Iraq, Petraeus and Crocker remained circumspect and refused to classify themselves as optimists or pessimists, noting, instead, that they were realists and that the reality in Iraq was very hard. They also repeatedly emphasized the importance of forthright reports and an unvarnished approach.[97][98] "Indeed, Petraeus' realistic approach and assessments were lauded during the McLaughlin Group's 2008 Year-End Awards, when Monica Crowley nominated Petraeus for the most honest person of the year, stating, "...[H]e spoke about the great successes of the surge in Iraq, but he always tempered it, never sugar-coated it."[99]
Multi-National Force – Iraq (summer and fall 2007)[link]
In July 2007, the White House submitted to Congress the interim report on Iraq, which stated that coalition forces had made satisfactory progress on 6 of 18 benchmarks set by Congress. On September 7, 2007, in a letter addressed to the troops he was commanding, Petraeus wrote that much military progress had been made, but that the national level political progress that was hoped for had not been achieved.[100] Petraeus' Report to Congress on the Situation in Iraq was delivered to Congress on September 10, 2007.
On August 15, 2007, The Los Angeles Times stated that, according to unnamed administration officials, the report "would actually be written by the White House, with inputs from officials throughout the government."[101] However, Petraeus declared in his testimony to Congress that "I wrote this testimony myself." He further elaborated that his testimony to Congress "has not been cleared by, nor shared with, anyone in the Pentagon, the White House, or Congress."[102][103]
In his September Congressional testimony, Petraeus stated that "As a bottom line up front, the military objectives of the surge are, in large measure, being met." He cited numerous factors for this progress, to include the fact that Coalition and Iraqi Forces had dealt significant blows to Al-Qaeda Iraq and had disrupted Shia militias, that ethno-sectarian violence had been reduced, and that the tribal rejection of Al-Qaeda had spread from Anbar Province to numerous other locations across Iraq. Based on this progress and additional progress expected to be achieved, Petraeus recommended drawing down the surge forces from Iraq and gradually transitioning increased responsibilities to Iraqi Forces, as their capabilities and conditions on the ground permitted.[104]
Democratic Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid of Nevada argued Petraeus' "plan is just more of the same" and "is neither a drawdown or a change in mission that we need." Democratic Representative Robert Wexler of Florida accused Petraeus of "cherry-picking statistics" and "massaging information".[105] Chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee Tom Lantos of California called the General and U.S. Ambassador to Iraq Ryan Crocker "Two of our nation's most capable public servants" and said Democrats feel "esteem for their professionalism." He also said that "We can no longer take their assertions on Iraq at face value"; concluding, "We need to get out of Iraq, for that country's sake as well as our own."[106]
Republican Presidential candidate Duncan Hunter called the report "a candid, independent assessment given with integrity".[107] Republican Senator Jon Kyl of Arizona stated that "I commend General Petraeus for his honest and forthright assessment of the situation in Iraq."[108] Anti-war Republican Senator Chuck Hagel of Nebraska criticized the report while praising Petraeus, saying "It's not your fault, general... It's not Ambassador Crocker's fault. It's this administration's fault."[109] A USA Today/Gallup poll taken after Petraeus' report to Congress showed virtually no change in public opinion toward the war.[110] A Pew Research Center survey found that most Americans who have heard about the report approve of Petraeus' recommendations.[111]
On September 20, the Senate passed an amendment by Republican John Cornyn III of Texas designed to "strongly condemn personal attacks on the honor and integrity of General Petraeus". Cornyn drafted the amendment in response to a controversial full-page ad by the liberal group Moveon.org in the September 10, 2007, edition of The New York Times. All forty-nine Republican Senators and twenty-two Democratic Senators voted in support.[112] The House passed a similar resolution by a 341-79 vote on September 26.
In December 2007, The Washington Post's "Fact Checker" stated that "While some of Petraeus's statistics are open to challenge, his claims about a general reduction in violence have been borne out over subsequent months. It now looks as if Petraeus was broadly right on this issue at least".[113]
Based on the conditions on the ground, in October 2007, Petraeus and U.S. Ambassador to Iraq Ryan Crocker revised their campaign plan for Iraq. In recognition of the progress made against Al Qaeda Iraq, one of the major points would be "shifting the U.S. military effort to focus more on countering Shiite militias".[114]
Multi-National Force – Iraq (spring 2008)[link]
On February 18, 2008, USA Today stated that "the U.S. effort has shown more success" and that, after the number of troops reached its peak in fall 2007, "U.S. deaths were at their lowest levels since the 2003 invasion, civilian casualties were down, and street life was resuming in Baghdad."[115] In light of the significant reduction in violence and as the surge brigades began to redeploy without replacement, Petraeus characterized the progress as tenuous, fragile, and reversible and repeatedly reminded all involved that much work remains to be done.[116][117] During an early February trip to Iraq, Defense Secretary Robert Gates endorsed the idea of a period of consolidation and evaluation upon completion of the withdrawal of surge brigades from Iraq.[118]
Petraeus and Crocker continued these themes at their two full days of testimony before Congress on April 8 and 9th. During his opening statement, Petraeus stated that "there has been significant but uneven security progress in Iraq," while also noting that "the situation in certain areas is still unsatisfactory and that innumerable challenges remain" and that "the progress made since last spring is fragile and reversible." He also recommended a continuation of the drawdown of surge forces as well as a 45-day period of consolidation and evaluation after the final surge brigade has redeployed in late July.[119] Analysts for USA Today and The New York Times stated that the hearings "lacked the suspense of last September's debate," but they did include sharp questioning as well as both skepticism and praise from various Congressional leaders.[120][121]
In late May 2008, the Senate Armed Services Committee held nomination hearings for Petraeus and Lieutenant General Ray Odierno to lead United States Central Command and Multi-National Force-Iraq, respectively. During the hearings, Committee Chairman Carl Levin praised these two men, stating that "we owe Gen. Petraeus and Gen. Odierno a debt of gratitude for the commitment, determination and strength that they brought to their areas of responsibility. And regardless of how long the administration may choose to remain engaged in the strife in that country, our troops are better off with the leadership these two distinguished soldiers provide."[122] During his opening statement, Petraeus discussed four principles that would guide his efforts if confirmed as CENTCOM Commander: seeking to strengthen international partnerships; taking a "whole of government" approach; pursuing comprehensive efforts and solutions; and, finally, both supporting efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan and ensuring readiness for possible contingency operations in the future. Petraeus also noted that during the week before his testimony, the number of security incidents in Iraq was the lowest in over four years.[123] After Petraeus's returned to Baghdad, and despite the continued drawdown of surge forces as well as recent Iraqi-led operations in places like Basrah, Mosul, and Baghdad, the number of security incidents in Iraq remained at their lowest level in over four years.[124]
Multi-National Force – Iraq (summer and fall 2008)[link]
In September 2008, Petraeus gave an interview to BBC News stating that he did not think using the term "victory" in describing the Iraq war was appropriate, saying "This is not the sort of struggle where you take a hill, plant the flag and go home to a victory parade... it's not war with a simple slogan."[125]
Petraeus had discussed the term 'victory' before in March 2008, saying to NPR News that "an Iraq that is at peace with itself, at peace with its neighbors, that has a government that is representative of—and responsive to—its citizenry and is a contributing member of the global community" could arguably be called 'victory'.[126] On the eve of his change of command, in September 2008, Petraeus stated that "I don't use terms like victory or defeat... I'm a realist, not an optimist or a pessimist. And the reality is that there has been significant progress but there are still serious challenges."[127]
Change of command[link]
On September 16, 2008, Petraeus formally gave over his command in Iraq to General Raymond T. Odierno in a government ceremony presided by Defense Secretary Robert Gates.[127] During the ceremony, Gates stated that Petraeus "played a historic role" and created the "translation of a great strategy into a great success in very difficult circumstances". Gates also told Petraeus he believed "history will regard you as one of our nation's greatest battle captains."[127] He presented Petraeus with the Defense Distinguished Service Medal.[127] At the event, Petraeus mentioned the difficulty in getting the Sons of Iraq absorbed in the central Government of Iraq and warned about future consequences if the effort stalls.[127] Indeed, when speaking of these and other challenges, Petraeus is the first to note that "the gains [achieved in Iraq] are tenuous and unlikely to survive without an American effort that outlasts his tenure". Even so, as Petraeus departed Iraq, it was clear to all that he was leaving a much different Iraq than the one that existed when he took command in February 2007. As described by Dexter Filkins, "violence has plummeted from its apocalyptic peaks, Iraqi leaders are asserting themselves, and streets that once seemed dead are flourishing with life."[128] This is also illustrated by the Iraq Trends charts that the MNF-I produces weekly. The January 3, 2009, "Iraq Trends Chart" clearly depicts over time, the increases in incidents followed by the sharp decline as described by Dexter Filkens and others.
General Petraeus's critical role in Iraq is widely acknowledged. In her introduction of Petraeus at the Baccalaureate ceremony for the Class of 2009, Princeton University President Shirley Tilghman described his accomplishments. While acknowledging that much remains to be accomplished in Iraq, Tilghman paid tribute to Petraeus' "leadership in rethinking American military strategy through his principles of counterinsurgency," which are, she said, "eliminating 'simplistic definitions of victory and defeat in favor of incremental and nuanced progress'."[129]
U.S. Central Command (fall 2008 to summer 2010)[link]
On October 31, 2008, Petraeus assumed command of the United States Central Command (USCENTCOM) headquartered in Tampa, Florida. Petraeus was responsible for U.S. operations in 20 countries spreading from Egypt to Pakistan—including Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom. During his time at CENTCOM, Petraeus advocated that countering the terrorist threats in the CENTCOM region requires more than just counter-terrorism forces, demanding instead whole-of-governments, comprehensive approaches akin to those of counterinsurgency.[130] Petraeus reiterated this view in a 2009 interview published in Parade magazine.[131] In a recent interview for Newsweek magazine’s "Interview Issue: The View From People Who Make a Difference", Petraeus expressed his support for President Obama’s announced Afghanistan strategy and discussed his view that reconciliation efforts in Afghanistan should for the time being occur "at the lower and midlevels".[132]
In mid-August, 2009, Petraeus established the Afghanistan-Pakistan Center of Excellence within the USCENTCOM Directorate of Intelligence to provide leadership to coordinate, integrate and focus analysis efforts in support of operations in Afghanistan and Pakistan.[133]
On March 16, 2010, testimony to the Senate Armed Services Committee, Petraeus described the continuing Israeli–Palestinian conflict as a challenge to U.S. interests in the region. According to the testimony, the conflict was "fomenting anti-American sentiment" due to "a perception of U.S. favoritism for Israel." This was widely commented on in the media.[134][135][136][137] When questioned by journalist Philip Klein, Petraeus said the original reporter "picked apart" and "spun" his speech. He believes there are many important factors standing in the way of peace, including “a whole bunch of extremist organizations, some of which by the way deny Israel’s right to exist. There’s a country that has a nuclear program who denies that the Holocaust took place. So again we have all these factors in there. This [Israel] is just one."[138][139]
In March 2010, Petraeus visited the New Hampshire Institute of Politics at Saint Anselm College to speak about Iraq and Afghanistan.[140] Petraeus spoke a few days after the seventh anniversary of the U.S. invasion of Iraq, noting the successful changes in Iraq since the U.S. troop surge. The visit to Saint Anselm created rumors that Petraeus was contemplating a run for the Presidency; however, he denied the speculation saying that he was not aware that the college has been the site of numerous presidential debates.[141]
Toward the close of his tenure as CENTCOM Commander, including in his interview published in Vanity Fair, Petraeus discussed the effort to determine and send to Afghanistan the right “inputs” for success there; these inputs include several structures and organizations that proved important in Iraq, including “an engagement cell to support reconciliation…a finance cell to go after financing of the enemy…[a] really robust detainee-operations task force, a rule-of-law task force, an energy-fusion cell—all these other sort of nonstandard missions that are very important.”[142]
On May 7, 2010, Petraeus announced that Times Square bombing suspect, Faisal Shahzad, is a "lone wolf" terrorist who did not work with others.[143] On May 10, 2010, Attorney General Eric Holder said that the evidence shows the Pakistani Taliban directed this plot.[144]
Commander of US and ISAF forces in Afghanistan[link]
On June 23, 2010, President Obama announced that he would nominate Petraeus to succeed General Stanley A. McChrystal as the commander of U.S. Forces in Afghanistan. The change of command was prompted by McChrystal's comments about the Obama administration and its policies in Afghanistan during an interview with Rolling Stone magazine.[13] The nomination was technically a positional step down from his position as commander of Central Command, however the President believed that he was the best man for the job. After being confirmed by the Senate on June 30,[42] Petraeus formally assumed command on July 4.[145] During the assumption of command remarks,[146] Petraeus provided his vision and goals to NATO, the members of his command, and his Afghan partners. As he was known to do while the Commander in Iraq, Petraeus delivered his first Letter to the Troops[147] on the same day he assumed command.[148]
On August 1, 2010, shortly after the disclosure of the Afghan war logs on Wikileaks, Petraeus issued his updated Tactical Directive for the prevention of civilian casualties, providing guidance and intent for the use of force by the U.S. military units operating in Afghanistan (replacing the July 1, 2009 version). This directive reinforced the concept of "disciplined use of force in partnership with Afghan Security Forces" in the fight against insurgent forces.
We must never forget that the center of gravity in this struggle is the Afghan people; it is they who will ultimately determine the future of Afghanistan ... Prior to the use of fires, the commander approving the strike must determine that no civilians are present. If unable to assess the risk of civilian presence, fires are prohibited, except under of the following two conditions (specific conditions deleted due to operational security; however, they have to do with the risk to ISAF and Afghan forces).[149]
In the October 2010 issue of Army Magazine, Petraeus discusses changes that have taken place over the last 18 months including: Setting the Conditions for Progress, Capitalizing on the Conditions for Progress, Improving Security, Supporting Governance Expansion, Promoting Economic Development, and discussing how the Troops are Carrying Out a Difficult Mission.[150]
In early March, 2011, Petraeus made a "rare apology" following a NATO helicopter airstrike under his command which resulted in the deaths of nine Afghan boys and the wounding of a 10th, as they gathered firewood in Eastern Afghanistan. In a statement, Petraeus apologized to the members of the Afghan government, the people of Afghanistan and the surviving family members, and said: "These deaths should have never happened." Several journalists and observers noted the humanitarian candor in Petraeus' open regrets.[151][152] Petraeus relinquished command of U.S. and NATO forces in Afghanistan on July 18.[153] He received the Defense Distinguished Service Medal and the NATO Meritorious Service Medal for his service.
| Rank | Date |
|---|---|
 General |
2007 |
 Lieutenant General |
2004 |
 Major General |
2003 |
 Brigadier General |
2000 |
 Colonel |
1995 |
 Lieutenant Colonel |
1991 |
 Major |
1985 |
 Captain |
1978 |
 First Lieutenant |
1976 |
| 6pxSecond Lieutenant | 1974 |
Retirement from Army[link]
Petraeus retired from the U.S. Army on 31 August 2011. His retirement ceremony was held at Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall.[154] During this ceremony, he was awarded the Army Distinguished Service Medal by Deputy Secretary of Defense William J. Lynn.[155] During the ceremony, Lynn in his remarks noted that, General Petraeus has played an important role as both a combat leader and strategist in the post-9/11 world. Lynn also cited General Petraeus' efforts in current counter insurgency strategy.[156] Admiral Michael Mullen, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in his remarks compared General Petraeus to Ulysses S. Grant, John J. Pershing, George Marshall and Dwight D. Eisenhower as one of the great battle captains of American history.[157]
CIA Director[link]
On Thursday, April 28, 2011, President Barack Obama announced that he had nominated Petraeus to become the new Director of the CIA.[158] On June 27, 2011, Secretary of Defense Gates sent a note of congratulations along with his appreciation of Petraeus' four decades of service to the nation and his continuing service in Gates' former position as Director of the CIA. His nomination to become the next Director of the Central Intelligence Agency was confirmed by the United States Senate 94-0 on June 30, 2011.[159] He was sworn in on September 6, 2011.
Health problems[link]
General Petraeus was diagnosed with early-stage prostate cancer in February 2009 and underwent two months of successful radiation treatment at Walter Reed Army Medical Center.[160] The diagnosis and treatment was not publicly disclosed until October 2009 because Petraeus and his family regarded his illness as a personal matter that did not interfere with the performance of his duties.[161]
On June 15, 2010, Petraeus momentarily fainted while being questioned by the Senate Armed Services Committee. He quickly recovered and was able to walk and exit the room without assistance.[162] He attributed the episode to possible dehydration.
Decorations and badges[link]
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Additional recognition of note[link]
In 2007, Time named Petraeus one of the 100 most influential leaders and revolutionaries of the year as well as one of its four runners up for Time Person of the Year.[167][168] He was also named the second most influential American conservative by The Daily Telegraph[169] as well as The Daily Telegraph's 2007 Man of the Year.[170][171] In 2005, Petraeus was selected as one of America's top leaders by US News and World Report.[172]
In 2008, a poll conducted by Foreign Policy and Prospect magazines selected Petraeus as one of the world's top 100 public intellectuals.[173] Also in 2008, the Static Line Association named Petraeus as its 2008 Man of the Year, and Der Spiegel named him "America's most respected soldier."[174] As 2008 came to a close, Newsweek named him the 16th most powerful person in the world in its December 20, 2008, edition,[175] and Prospect magazine named him the "Public Intellectual of the Year".[176] He was also named as one of the "75 Best People in the World" in the October 2009 issue of Esquire,[177]
The OSS Society awarded Petraeus the Donovan Award May 2, 2009. In his introduction of Petraeus, Maj. Gen. John K. Singlub, USA, Ret., a 2007 award recipient and OSS Society chairman, said “The William J. Donovan Award is given to an individual who has rendered distinguished service in the interests of the democratic process, public service, courage in all its forms and the cause of freedom.”[178] The National Committee on American Foreign Policy (NCAFP) during its 35th Anniversary Gala and Award Dinner on May 28, 2009 in New York City, presented the George F. Kennan Award for Distinguished Public Service to Petraeus.[179] The American Legion awarded its highest honor, the Distinguished Service Medal on August 25, 2009 at its 91st National Convention in Louisville, Ky.[180]
On February 20, 2010, Petraeus received the The Madison Medal, named after the fourth president of the United States, who many consider to be Princeton's first graduate student. Established by the Association of Princeton Graduate Alumni, it is presented each year by the University to an alumnus or alumna of the Graduate School who has had a distinguished career, advanced the cause of graduate education or achieved an outstanding record of public service.[181] May 27, 2010, The Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum awarded its Freedom Award to Petraeus. “The Intrepid Museum’s mission is to honor the men and women who have served our nation. General Petraeus has led our troops overseas in that exact effort, and we are indebted to his leadership and love of country,” said Susan Marenoff, Executive Director of the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum. “This annual event throws a spotlight on individuals who have gone above and beyond the call of duty for our nation.”[182] On December 9, 2010, Barbara Walters' picked Petraeus for the Most Fascinating Person of 2010. Walters called the top commander in Afghanistan "an American hero."[183] Petraeus was chosen as "one of Time magazine's 50 "People Who Mattered" in December 2010.[184] The same year he was named number 12 of 50 people who mattered in 2010 by the New Statesmen magazine,[185] and Petraeus was listed as number 8 of 100 Foreign Policy Top 100 Global Thinkers for 2011.[186]
Early January 2011, Pete Hegseth and Wade Zirkle from Vets for Freedom, wrote an Op-Ed for the Wall Street Journal making a claim that Petraeus should be promoted to Five-Star which would make him General of the Army.[187] In April, Petraeus was named in the 2011 Time 100.[188] The Institute for the Study of War, 2011, National Security Leadership Award was presented to Petraeus on August 4, 2011. The New Statesman annual survey presents the most influential people from pop stars and dissident activists to tech gurus and heads of state, the people doing most to shape our world keep changing. September 26, 2011, Petraeus was listed as number 2 of the 50 for 2011.[189] The Association of Special Operations Professionals named Petraeus as its 2011 Man of the Year for 2011, and was presented the award at Ft. Bragg on November 2, 2011 at its annual Special Operations Exposition.[190]
Early January 2012, Petraeus was named one of "The 50 Most Powerful People in Washington" by GQ magazine.[191] Petraeus was inducted January 29, 2012, into the Reserve Officers Association's (ROA) Minuteman Hall of Fame as the 2011 Inductee during the 2012 ROA National Security Symposium.[192] The German Order of Merit was presented to Petraeus February 14, by the German Secretary of Defense Thomas de Maizière. According to de Maizière, he is an "outstanding strategist and a true friend of the German people."[193] On March 16 2012, the Dutch Minister of Defense Hans Hillen knighted Petraeus at the Hague with the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Orange Nassau with swords. The Minister thanked Petraeus in his speech for his, "unconditional support to the Dutch troops and for being a driving force behind a successful mission. Through his personal efforts for cooperation between the Netherlands and America, the Netherlands could achieve significant operational successes with the Task Force Uruzgan."[194]
"Man of the Hour" according to documents released May 3, 2012 by the US government via the Combating Terrorism Center at the US Military Academy in West Point, NY. Captured correspondence from Osama Bin Laden "Letters from Abbottabad"[195] revealed that in May 2010, Bin Laden wanted to target President Barak Obama and General Petraeus, "The reason for concentrating on them is that Obama is the head of infidelity and killing him automatically will make Biden take over the presidency for the remainder of the term, as it is the norm over there. Biden is totally unprepared for that post, which will lead the U.S. into a crisis." It further went on to say, "As for Petraeus, he is the man of the hour in this last year of the war, and killing him would later the war's path."[196]
The Command and General Staff College Foundation's 2012 Distinguished Leadership Award was presented to Petraeus May 10, 2012 at the Kansas City Marriott. Past awardee's include Gen Colin Powell, Gen Gordon Sullivan, Ross Perot, and Gen Hugh Shelton.[197]
Honorary Degrees[link]
Eckerd College: May 23, 2010, honorary doctorate in laws[198]
University of Pennsylvania: May 14, 2012, honorary doctorate of laws[199]
Dickinson College: May 20, 2012, honorary doctorate of public service[200]
Speeches and public remarks[link]
- "Institutionalizing Change: Transformation in the US Army, 2005-2007,” May 2010.[201]
- National Committee on American Foreign Policy George F. Kennan Award Acceptance Remarks. American Foreign Policy Interests, July/August 2009, 31(4).
- "The Foreign Policy Interview with Gen. David H. Petraeus," January/February 2009.[202]
Published works[link]
- Lorenz, G. C.; Willbanks, James H.; Petraeus, David H.; Stuart, Paul A.; Crittenden, Burr L.; George, Dewey P. (1983). Operation Junction City, Vietnam 1967 : battle book. Ft. Leavenworth, KS: United States Army Command and General Staff College, Combat Studies Institute. OCLC 15637627. DTIC ADA139612.
- Petraeus, David H. (1983). "What is Wrong with a Nuclear Freeze," Military Review v.63:49-64, November, 1983.
- Petraeus, David H. (1984). "Light Infantry in Europe: Strategic Flexibility and Conventional Deterrence," Military Review v.64:33-55, December, 1984.
- Petraeus, David H. (1985). "Review of Richard A. Gabriel's The Antagonists: A Comparative Combat Assessment of the Soviet and American Soldier". Military Affairs (Lexington, VA: Society for Military History) 49 (1): 17–22. January 1985. DOI:10.2307/1988272. JSTOR 1988272. OCLC 37032240.
- Petraeus, David H. (1986), "Lessons of history and lessons of Vietnam", Parameters (Carlisle, PA: US Army War College) 16(3): 43-53, Autumn 1986.
- Petraeus, David H. (1987). The American military and the lessons of Vietnam : a study of military influence and the use of force in the post-Vietnam era. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University. OCLC 20673428.
- Clark, Asa A., Kaufman, Daniel J., and Petraeus, David H. (1987). “Why an Army?” Army Magazine v38(2)26-34, February 1987.
- Petraeus, David H. (1987). “El Salvador and the Vietnam Analogy,” Armed Force Journal International, February 1987.
- Taylor, William J., Jr.; Petraeus, David H. (1987). "The legacy of Vietnam for the U.S. military". In Osborn, George K.. Democracy, strategy, and Vietnam : implications for American policy making. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books. ISBN 978-0-669-16340-7. OCLC 15518468.
- Petraeus, David H. (1987). "Korea, the Never-Again Club, and Indochina". Parameters (Carlisle, PA: U.S. Army War College) 17 (4): pp. 59–70. December 1987. ISSN 0031-1723. OCLC 1039883. SuDoc No. D 101.72:17/4, GPO Item No. 0325-K, PURL LPS1511.
- Golden, James R.; Kaufman, Daniel J.; Clark, Asa A.; Petraeus, David H. (Eds)(1989),"NATO at Forty: Change Continuity, & Prospects". Westview Pr.
- Petraeus, David H. (1989). "Military Influence And the Post-Vietnam Use of Force". Armed Forces & Society (Piscataway, NJ: SAGE Publications) 15 (4): 489–505. Summer 1989. DOI:10.1177/0095327X8901500402. OCLC 49621350.
- Petraeus, David H.; Brennan, Robert A. (1997). "Walk and Shoot Training". Infantry Magazine (Ft. Benning, GA: U.S. Army Infantry School) 87 (1): pp. 36–40. January–February 1997. https://www.benning.army.mil/magazine/1997/1997_1/index.htm. Retrieved August 10, 2011. [203]
- Petraeus, David H.; Carr, Damian P.; Abercrombie, John C. (1997). "Why We Need FISTs—Never Send a Man When You Can Send a Bullet" (PDF). Field Artillery (Fort Sill, OK: US Army Field Artillery School) 1997 (3): pp. 3–5. May–June 1997. ISSN 0899-2525. OCLC 16516511. HQDA PB6-97-3, USPS 309-010, PURL LPS13201, SuDoc No. D 101.77/2: 1997/3. http://sill-www.army.mil/FAMAG/1997/MAY_JUN_1997/MAY_JUN_1997_PAGES_3_5.pdf. Retrieved August 26, 2007.
- "Lessons of the Iraq War and Its Aftermath". Washington Institute for Near East Policy. 2004. http://www.ciaonet.org/pbei/winep/policy_2004/2004_855/2004_855.html.
- (2006) "Learning Counterinsurgency: Observations from Soldiering in Iraq," Military Review[204]
- Petraeus, David H. (2006). "A Conversation with Lieutenant General David H. Petraeus". Insights (Suffolk, VA: Lockheed Martin) 3 (1): pp. 2–5, 28–29. March 2006. http://www.lockheedmartin.com/data/assets/innovation/documents/Insights1Q2006.pdf. [dead link]
- (2007) The US Army/Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual (Forward)"FM-3-24"[205]
- (2007) "Beyond the Cloister," The American Interest Magazine[206]
- Petraeus, David H. (2007). "Iraq: Progress in the Face of Challenge". Army Magazine (Arlington, VA: Association of the US Army) 57 (10): pp. 115–123. October 2007. http://www3.ausa.org/Webpub/DeptGreenBook.nsf/byid/WEBP-77GMHX/$File/Petraeus.pdf?OpenElement.
- Petraeus, David H. (2010). "Counterinsurgency Concepts: What We Learned in Iraq". Global Policy 1 (1): 116–117. DOI:10.1111/j.1758-5899.2009.00003.x.
- Petraeus, David H. (2010) "Shoulder to shoulder in Afghanistan," Policy Options, April 2010.
- Petraeus, David H. (2011). "Ryan C. Crocker: Diplomat and Partner Extraordinaire". Army Magazine (Arlington, VA: Association of the US Army) 61 (4): pp. 16, 18. April 2011. http://www.ausa.org/publications/armymagazine/archive/2011/4/Documents/FC_Petraeus_0411.pdf.
See also[link]
Notes and references[link]
- ^ "Petraeus sworn in as CIA director". cnn. http://www.cnn.com/video/#/video/us/2011/09/06/petraeus-sworn-into-cia.cnn?iref=allsearch. Retrieved 2011-09-07.
- ^ "Gates Notes Shift in Mission as Iraq Command Changes Hands". Defenselink.mil. http://www.defenselink.mil/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=51170. Retrieved 2010-07-05.
- ^ Holusha, John (January 23, 2007). "General Calls Iraq Situation Dire". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/23/world/middleeast/23cnd-general.html.
- ^ Gordon, Michael (January 5, 2007). "Bush to Name a New General to Oversee Iraq". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/05/world/middleeast/05military.html.
- ^ Profile: Gen. David Petraeus[dead link]
- ^ "David H. Petraeus — Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. https://www.cia.gov/about-cia/leadership/david-h.-petraeus.html. Retrieved 2012-05-21.
- ^ YouTube:. 4-2-09 Rep. Shea-Porter Questions Gen. Petraeus
- ^ Hames, Tim (February 11, 2008). "McCain and Petraeus the dream ticket". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/tim_hames/article3345681.ece. Retrieved March 31, 2010.
- ^ "Generally Speaking". The New York Times. April 6, 2008. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/06/weekinreview/06myers.html?_r=1. Retrieved March 31, 2010.
- ^ Updated 45 minutes ago (2007-12-23). "Petraeus says he's not interested in presidency - Politics - msnbc.com". MSNBC. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/22379099/. Retrieved 2010-07-05.
- ^ USA Today. April 30, 2010. http://blogs.usatoday.com/onpolitics/2007/09/petraeus-xxxxxx.html. Retrieved May 1, 2010. [dead link]
- ^ "Obama replaces McChrystal with Petraeus". Houston Chronicle. June 23, 2010. http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/ap/top/all/7076132.html. Retrieved June 23, 2010. [dead link]
- ^ a b Cooper, Helene; Shanker, Thom; Filkins, Dexter (June 23, 2010). "Gen. McChrystal Is Relieved of Command". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/24/us/politics/24mcchrystal.html. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
- ^ Peter Grier. "Gen. David Petraeus takes over in Afghanistan: Will it make a difference?". Csmonitor.com. http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/2010/0623/Gen.-David-Petraeus-takes-over-in-Afghanistan-Will-it-make-a-difference. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ^ Kathleen Hennessey (2011-06-30). "Senate confirms David Petraeus as CIA director". Washington Post. http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-pn-petraeus-confirmed-20110630,0,6226030.story. Retrieved 2011-06-30.
- ^ Kathleen Hennessey (2011-07-01). "Petraeus Confirmed as CIA Director". American Forces Press Service (Department of Defense). http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=64540. Retrieved 2011-07-01.
- ^ "David Petraeus’s Winning Streak". Vanity Fair. 2010-03-30. http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2010/05/petraeus-exclusive-201005. Retrieved 2010-07-09.
- ^ Atkinson, Rick; March 7, 2004; Unexpected Challenges Tested Petraeus in Iraq; Washington Post. Retrieved September 11, 2007.
- ^ Bruno, Greg; January 11, 2007; New Iraq commander is Cornwall's favorite son; Times-Herald Record. Retrieved January 13, 2007.
- ^ "Hollister Knowlton Betrothed To David H. Petraeus, a Cadet". The New York Times: p. GN57. May 12, 1974. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40C12FE3A5F107A93C0A8178ED85F408785F9.
- ^ "General Petraeus Inducts ROTC Graduates". MIT Alumni Association. June 11, 2009. http://alum.mit.edu/news/AlumniNews/Archive/petraeus. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
- ^ "Gen. Petraeus Commissions His Son and 11 Other ’09 Graduates". MIT Alumni Association. June 6, 2009. http://alum.mit.edu/sliceofmit/2009/06/06/gen-petraeus-commissions/.
- ^ "Petraeus reveals that son served in Afghanistan - Army News | News from Afghanistan & Iraq". Army Times. http://www.armytimes.com/news/2011/03/ap-petraeus-reveals-that-son-served-in-afghanistan-031611/. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
- ^ "Gen. Petraeus owns property in New Hampshire". Associated Press. SeaCoastOnline.com. October 7, 2008. http://www.seacoastonline.com/articles/20081007-NEWS-810070403. Retrieved December 7, 2010.
- ^ Petraeus, David H. (1987). The American military and the lessons of Vietnam : a study of military influence and the use of force in the post-Vietnam era. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University. OCLC 20673428.
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ "FM 3-24 text - COUNTERINSURGENCY -DECEMBER 2006". Usacac.army.mil. 2009-08-31. http://usacac.leavenworth.army.mil/cac2/coin/repository/FM_3-24.pdf. Retrieved 2011-05-03.
- ^ Nutt, Cullen; March 2, 2008; The Star-Ledger Section 2 page 1 and 4.
- ^ Ricks, Thomas Fiasco New York: Penguin Press, 2006, page 419.
- ^ Barnes, Julian E.; October 31, 2005; An Open Mind for a New Army; US News and World Report; retrieved April 2, 2008.
- ^ "Michael Gove: Triumph of freedom over evil - Scotland on Sunday". Scotlandonsunday.scotsman.com. http://scotlandonsunday.scotsman.com/12700/Michael-Gove-Triumph-of-freedom.4812256.jp. Retrieved 2010-07-04.
- ^ Petraeus, D. (September–October 2008) Multi-national Force-Iraq Commander's Counterinsurgency Guidance. Military Review English Edition. Retrieved on: 2010-05-17.
- ^ "NPR news story". Npr.org. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6952481. Retrieved 2010-07-05.
- ^ Inskeep, Steve (February 6, 2007). "Lasting Ties Mark Gen. Petraeus' Career". Morning Edition (National Public Radio). http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=7193883. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
- ^ Atkinson, Rick (January 7, 2007). "Iraq Will be Petraeus's Knot to Untie". The Washington Post: p. A15.
- ^ Atkinson, Rick, In the Company of Soldiers: A Chronicle of Combat (New York City: Henry Holt & Co., 2004, ISBN 0-641-78803-7), p. 38.
- ^ Barnes, Julian An Open Mind for a New Army May 31, 2005. Retrieved April 2, 2008.
- ^ "General Officer Announcements". DefenseLink. 2001-06-19. http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=2951. Retrieved 2007-10-29.
- ^ "Army General Officer Announcement". DefenseLink. 2004-05-05. http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=7342. Retrieved 2007-10-29.
- ^ "General Officer Announcements". DefenseLink. 2007-01-17. http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=10409. Retrieved 2007-10-29.
- ^ Shanker, Thom (2008-04-24). "2 Commanders Picked to Lead War Efforts Beyond 2008". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/24/washington/23cnd-petraeus.html. Retrieved 2008-04-25.
- ^ a b "Petraeus confirmed as commander". Irish Times. June 30, 2010. http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2010/0630/breaking54.html. Retrieved June 30, 2010.
- ^ "Gen. Petraeus to Assume Command of ISAF". ISAF Public Affairs Office. July 2, 2010. http://www.isaf.nato.int/article/isaf-releases/gen.-petraeus-to-assume-command-of-isaf.html. Retrieved July 3, 2010.
- ^ Dickey, Christopher (April 4, 2004). "The Story of O". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9902E5DF1230F937A35757C0A9629C8B63&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FPeople%2FH%2FHussein%2C%20Qusay. Retrieved May 1, 2010.
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- ^ "Petraeus Receives OSS Society’s Donovan Award". May 13, 2009. http://www.ausa.org/news/2009/Pages/PetraeusReceivesOSSSociety'sDonovanAward.aspx.
- ^ "NCAFP 35th Anniversary Gala & Award Dinner honors General David H. Petraeus and Young Leaders in Advancing American Foreign Policy". http://www.prleap.com/pr/136366/.
- ^ "Petraeus receives Legion service medal". http://www.legion.org/convention/935/petraeus-receives-legion-service-medal.
- ^ "Leach, Petraeus to receive top alumni awards". http://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S26/28/06K01/index.xml?section=topstories.
- ^ "General David H. Petraeus Receives Intrepid Freedom Award". May 28, 2010. http://www.intrepidmuseum.org/LatestNews/May-2010-(1)/General-David-H--Petraeus-Recieves-Intrepid-Salute.aspx.
- ^ "12. Gen. David Petraeus: Most Fascinating of 2010". http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/barbara-walters-fascinating-person-2010-general-david-petraeus/story?id=12355910&tqkw=&tqshow=.
- ^ "12. People Who Mattered". Time. December 15, 2010. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2036683_2036767_2036809,00.html.
- ^ "50 People Who Matter 2010". New Statesman. 2010-09-21. http://www.newstatesman.com/global-issues/2010/09/general-petraeus-obama.
- ^ "Foreign Policy's Second Annual List of the 100 Top Global Thinkers". Foreign Policy. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/11/29/the_fp_top_100_global_thinkers?page=0,7. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
- ^ Hegseth, Pete; Zirkle, Wade (January 13, 2011). "A Fifth Star for David Petraeus". The Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703791904576076270514563178.html?mod=WSJ_Opinion_LEFTTopOpinion.
- ^ Gates, Robert (April 21, 2011). "The 2011 Time 100". Time. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2066367_2066369_2066137,00.html.
- ^ "50 People Who Matter in 2011". New Stateman. September 26, 2011. http://www.newstatesman.com/international-politics/2011/09/petraeus-general-afghanistan.
- ^ "Special Operations Forces Symposium and Exposition 2011". Sofex.org. http://www.sofex.org/index.html. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
- ^ "The 50 Most Powerful People in Washington". GQ Magazine. February 2012.
- ^ http://www.roa.org/site/DocServer/NSS_schedule_2012.pdf?docID=33801
- ^ "Distinguished Service Cross for " Mister mission Impossible".". accessdate=2012-15-02. http://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article13870383/Verdienstkreuz-fuer-Mister-Mission-Impossible.html.
- ^ "General David Petraeus Receives Royal Honor from the Netherlands". The Netherlands Embassy in Washington DC, United States. March 20, 2012. http://dc.the-netherlands.org/news/2012/03/general-petraeus.html.
- ^ "Letters from Abbottabad: Bin Ladin Sidelined? | Combating Terrorism Center at West Point". Ctc.usma.edu. http://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/letters-from-abbottabad-bin-ladin-sidelined. Retrieved 2012-05-21.
- ^ "Bin Laden: Kill Obama to Make Biden President". ABC News. May 3, 2012.
- ^ "CGSC Foundation Presents Retired General David H. Petraeus with 2012 Distinguished Leadership Award". PRWeb. May 11, 2012.
- ^ "General David H. Petraeus, Commander of the United States Central Command, is Eckerd College Commencement Speaker". Eckerd College News and Events. March 16, 2010. http://www.eckerd.edu/news/index.php?f=detail&id=2980.
- ^ "Honorary Degrees, May 2012". University of Pensylvania Commencement. May 14, 2012. http://www.upenn.edu/commencement/event/honbio.html.
- ^ "CIA Director David Petraeus urges Dickinson College graduates to serve others and work through frustration". The Patriot News (Pennlive.com). May 20, 2012. http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2012/05/cia_director_david_petraeus_ur.html.
- ^ "Annual Dinner 2010". AEI. 2010-06-24. http://www.aei.org/event/100209. Retrieved 2010-07-04.
- ^ "Counterinsurgency Field Manual: Afghanistan Edition - By Nathaniel C. Fick & John A. Nagl". Foreign Policy. 2009-01-05. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=4587&page=3. Retrieved 2010-07-04.
- ^ "Walk and Shoot Training" File:Petraeus Brennan Walk and Shoot.pdf
- ^ "Learning Counterinsurgency: Observations from Soldiering in Iraq". 2009-08-31. http://usacac.army.mil/CAC2/MilitaryReview/Archives/English/MilitaryReview_2006CR1031_art010.pdf. Retrieved 2011-05-04.
- ^ "Microsoft Word - FM 3-24 Final Electronic File.doc" (PDF). http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/Repository/Materials/COIN-FM3-24.pdf. Retrieved 2010-07-04.
- ^ David H. Petraeus. "Beyond the Cloister - David H. Petraeus - The American Interest Magazine". The-american-interest.com. http://www.the-american-interest.com/ai2/article.cfm?Id=290&MId=14. Retrieved 2010-07-04.
Further reading[link]
- Cloud, David; Greg Jaffe (2009). The Fourth Star: Four Generals and the Epic Struggle for the Future of the United States Army. Random House. ISBN 978-0-307-40906-5.
- Robinson, Linda (2008). Tell Me How This Ends: General David Petraeus and the Search for a Way Out of Iraq. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-766-9.
External links[link]
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: David Petraeus |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: David H. Petraeus |
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Wikisource has original works written by or about: |
- General David H. Petraeus at the Central Intelligence Agency
- General David H. Petraeus at the U.S. Department of Defense
- Graduate Alumni profile at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs
- David Petraeus at WhoRunsGov at The Washington Post
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- David Petraeus on Charlie Rose
- David Petraeus at the Internet Movie Database
- Works by or about David Petraeus in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- David Petraeus collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- David Petraeus collected news and commentary at The Guardian
- David Petraeus at the Notable Names Database
- News articles (date sequence)
- In Company of Soldiers, Rick Atkinson, An Army at Dawn, March 15, 2004.
- The Story of O, Christopher Dickey, The New York Times, April 4, 2004.
- An Open Mind For A New Army, Julian E. Barnes, U.S. News & World Report, October 31, 2005.
- Bush To Name A New General To Oversee Iraq, Michael R. Gordon, The New York Times, January 5, 2006.
- Our Man in Iraq, Wesley Morgan, 'The Daily Princetonian, October 26, 2006.
- FM 3-24 New Army/Marine Counterinsurgency Manual, December, 2006, Forward written by LTG David Petraeus.
- Leader of the Fabled 101st to Command in Iraq, Tom Bowman, NPR, January 5, 2007.
- Iraq Will be Petraeus' Knot to Untie, Rick Atkinson, The Washington Post, January 6, 2007.
- Petraeus Takes Reins in Iraq, Wesley Morgan, The Daily Princetonian, January 10, 2007.
- Petraeus Faces Tough Road in Iraq, Wesley Morgan, The Daily Princetonian, January 12, 2007.
- Petraeus on Vietnam's Legacy, Rachel Dry, The Washington Post, January 14, 2007, excerpts from Petraeus' doctoral dissertation, "The American Military and the Lessons of Vietnam".
- Senate confirms new top general for Iraq, Associated Press, CNN, January 26, 2007.
- David and Goliath, and Petraeus, Steven Alvarez, The Orlando Sentinel, January 28, 2007.
- US Iraq chief warns of long war, BBC News, July 9, 2007.
- Scions of the Surge, Newsweek, March 24, 2008.
- Leader of the Year: Right Man, Right Time, Lisa DePaulo, GQ, November, 2008.
- The Story of Power, Jon Meacham, Newsweek, December 20, 2008.
- An Intellectual Surge, James Crabtree, Prospect Magazine, January 17, 2009.
- The Generals' Insurgency: The Story Behind the U.S. Troop Surge in Iraq. Washington Post.
- Gen. David Petraeus, the top commander in the Middle East, comes to BYU, Sara Israelsen-Hartley, Deseret News, March 25, 2010.
- The Professor of War, Mark Bowden, Vanity Fair, May 2010.
- (Polish) Odznaczenie generała Davida Petraeusa (gallery), President of the Republic of Poland, April 7, 2010.
- (Polish) Gen. David Petraeus z wizytą w Polsce (gallery), Ministry of National Defence of the Republic of Poland, April 8, 2010.
- The Professor of War, Mark Bowden, Vanity Fair, May 2010.
- "Words that Soothe, Ideas that Delight" contributor, General David H. Petraeus, The Oprah Magazine, p. 174, April, 2011.
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by William Wallace |
Commandant of the United States Army Command and General Staff College 2005–2007 |
Succeeded by William Caldwell |
| Preceded by George Casey |
Commanding General of the Multinational Force-Iraq 2007–2008 |
Succeeded by Raymond Odierno |
| Preceded by Martin Dempsey Acting |
Commander of United States Central Command 2008–2010 |
Succeeded by John Allen Acting |
| Preceded by Stanley McCrystal |
Commander of the International Security Assistance Force 2010–2011 |
Succeeded by John Allen |
| Government offices | ||
| Preceded by Michael Morell Acting |
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency 2011–present |
Incumbent |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Petraeus, David Howell |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American General |
| Date of birth | November 7, 1952 |
| Place of birth | Orange County, New York, U.S. |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Petraeus
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the biblical king. For other uses, see David (disambiguation).
"Daud", "Dawood", and "King David" redirect here. For other uses, see Daud (disambiguation), Dawood (disambiguation), and King David (disambiguation).
| King David | |
|---|---|
| King of Israel | |
 Statue of David by Nicolas Cordier, in the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome |
|
| Reign | over Judah c. 1010–1003 BC; over Judah and Israel c. 1003–970 BC |
| Born | c. 1040 BC |
| Birthplace | Bethlehem |
| Died | c. 970 BC |
| Place of death | Jerusalem |
| Predecessor | Saul (Judah), Ishbaal (Israel) |
| Successor | Solomon |
| Royal House | House of David (new house) |
| Father | Jesse |
| Mother | not named in the Bible; identified by the Talmud as Nitzevet, daughter of Adael |
David (Hebrew: דָּוִד, דָּוִיד, Modern David Tiberian Dāwîḏ; ISO 259-3 Dawid; Strong's Daveed; beloved; Arabic: داوود or داود [a] Dāwūd) was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the second king of the United Kingdom of Israel and, according to the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke, an ancestor of Jesus. David is seen as a major Prophet in Islamic traditions. [1][2] His life is conventionally dated to c. 1040–970 BC, his reign over Judah c. 1010–1003 BC,[citation needed] and his reign over the United Kingdom of Israel c. 1003–970 BC.[citation needed] The Books of Samuel, 1 Kings, and 1 Chronicles are the only sources of information on David, although the Tel Dan stele records "House of David", which some take as confirmation of the existence in the mid-9th century BC of a Judean royal dynasty called the "House of David".
David is very important to Jewish, Christian and Islamic doctrine and culture. In Judaism, David, or David HaMelekh, is the King of Israel, and the Jewish people. Jewish tradition maintains that a direct descendant of David will be the Messiah. In Islam, he is known as Dawud, considered to be a prophet and the king of a nation. He is depicted as a righteous king, though not without faults, as well as an acclaimed warrior, musician, and poet, traditionally credited for composing many of the psalms contained in the Book of Psalms.
Contents |
Historicity[link]
Archaeological evidence[link]
Tel Dan Stele and Mesha Stele[link]
Main articles: Tel Dan Stele and Mesha Stele
A fragment of an Aramean victory stele discovered in 1993 at Tel Dan and dated c.850–835 BC contains the phrase ביתדוד (bytdwd). Because the ancient Aramaic script is written without vowels, different readings are possible. Scholars agree that the first part should be read בֵּית (beyt), meaning "house". However, the second part can be read as דּוֹד (dod), which means "uncle" or "beloved" or as דָּוִד (David). The phrase therefore can mean either "House of the beloved", "House of the uncle" or "House of David".[3] Since the stele recounts the victory of an Aramean king over "the king of Israel",[4] the translation of "ביתדוד" as "the House of David" is not illogical.[5][6]
The Mesha Stele from Moab, dating from approximately the same period, may also contain the name David, in two places: in line 12, where the interpretation is uncertain, and בת[ד]וד in line 31, where one destroyed letter must be supplied (here it is bracketed in the middle).[7] Kenneth Kitchen has proposed that an inscription of c. 945 BC by the Egyptian Pharaoh Shoshenq I mentions "the highlands of David."[8] Although a reference to King David in this geographical name is not certain, some scholars suggest it is reasonable.[9]
City of David and Judah, ca. 1000 BC onward[link]
Main article: City of David
The Bronze and Iron Age remains of the City of David, the original urban core of Jerusalem identified with the reigns of David and Solomon, were investigated extensively in the 1970s and 1980s under the direction of Yigal Shiloh of the Hebrew University, but failed to discover significant evidence of occupation during the 10th century BC,[10] In 2005, Eilat Mazar found a Large Stone Structure which she claimed was David's palace, but the archaeology is contaminated and impossible to date accurately.[11][12] Finkelstein and Silberman feel the archaeological evidence from surface surveys indicates that Judah at the time of David was a small tribal kingdom, although both do accept that David and Solomon were likely historical figures in Judah about the 10th century BC. They describe the earliest tales of David as a "classical bandit tale".[13]
The biblical account[link]
The biblical account about David comes from the book of Samuel and the book of Chronicles (each of which are divided into two books in Jewish and Christian traditions). While almost half of the Psalms are headed "A Psalm of David", the headings are later additions, and no psalm can be attributed to David with certainty.[14] Chronicles merely retells Samuel from a different theological vantage point, and contains little if any information not available there, and the biblical evidence for David is therefore dependent almost exclusively on the material contained in the chapters from 1 Samuel 16 to 1 Kings 2.
Since Martin Noth put forward his analysis of the Deuteronomistic History, biblical scholars have accepted that these two books form part of a continuous history of Israel, compiled no earlier than the late 7th century BC, but incorporating earlier works and fragments. Samuel's account of David "seems to have undergone two separate acts of editorial slanting." The original writers show a strong bias against Saul, and in favour of David and Solomon. Many years later the Deuteronomists edited the material in a manner that conveyed their religious message, inserting reports and anecdotes that strengthened their monotheistic doctrine. Some of the materials in Samuel I and II — notably the boundary, allotment and administrative lists — are believed to be very early, since they correspond closely to what we know of the territorial conditions of the late Davidic-early Solomonic period.[15]
Beyond this, the full range of possible interpretations is available. The late John Bright, whose History of Israel, which went through four editions from 1959 to 2000, takes Samuel at face value, but Donald B. Redford thinks all reconstructions from Biblical sources for the United Monarchy period are examples of 'academic wishful thinking',[16] and Thomas L. Thompson measures Samuel against the archaeological evidence and concludes that "an independent history of Judea during the Iron I [i.e., the period of David] and Iron II periods has little room for historicizing readings of the stories of I-II Samuel and I Kings."[17] Some interesting studies of David have been written: Baruch Halpern has pictured David as a lifelong vassal of Achish, the Philistine king of Gath;[18] Israel Finkelstein and Neil Asher Silberman have identified as the oldest and most reliable section of Samuel those chapters which describe David as the charismatic leader of a band of outlaws who captures Jerusalem and makes it his capital.[19] Steven McKenzie, Associate Professor of the Hebrew Bible at Rhodes College and author of King David: A Biography, states the belief that David actually came from a wealthy family, was "ambitious and ruthless" and a tyrant who murdered his opponents, including his own sons.[14]
Biblical narrative[link]
Chosen by God[link]
God withdraws his favour from Saul, king of Israel, "It repenteth me that I have set up Saul to be king, for he is turned back from following me, and has not performed my commandments."[20] The prophet Samuel seeks a new king from the sons of Jesse of Bethlehem. Seven of Jesse's sons are led before Samuel, but Samuel says, "Yahweh has not chosen these." "And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children? And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and behold, he keepeth the sheep. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come hither. And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to. And the LORD said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he."[21]
At the court of Saul[link]
God sends an evil spirit to torment Saul (1 Samuel 16:14) and his attendants suggest he send for David, a young warrior famed for his bravery and for his skill with the harp. Saul does so and makes David one of his armor-bearers and "whenever the spirit from God came upon Saul, David would take his harp and play. Then relief would come to Saul; he would feel better, and the evil spirit would leave him."
David and Goliath[link]
The Israelites, under King Saul, faced the Philistines in the Valley of Elah. He heard the Philistine giant Goliath challenge the Israelites to send their own champion to decide the outcome in single combat. David told Saul he was prepared to face Goliath and Saul allowed him to make the attempt. He was victorious, striking Goliath in the forehead with a stone from his sling. Goliath fell, and David killed him with his own sword and beheaded him; the Philistines fled in terror. Saul inquired about the name of the young champion, and David told him that he is the son of Jesse.[22]
David and Jonathan[link]
Main article: David and Jonathan
Saul makes David a commander over his armies and offers him his daughter Michal in marriage for bringing more than 200 foreskins of the Philistines to him. David is successful in many battles, and his popularity awakes Saul's fears — "What more can he have but the kingdom?" By various stratagems the jealous king seeks his death, but the plots only endear David the more to the people, and especially to Saul's son Jonathan, who loves David (1 Samuel 18:1, 2 Samuel 1:25–26).[23][24] Warned by Jonathan, David flees into the wilderness, where he gathers a band of followers and becomes the champion of the oppressed while evading the pursuit of Saul. He accepts the town of Ziklag from the Philistine king Achish of Gath, but continues secretly to champion the Israelites. Achish marches against Saul, but David is excused from the war on the accusation of the Philistine nobles that his loyalty to their cause cannot be trusted.
Anointed king[link]
Jonathan and Saul are killed in battle with the Philistines at Mount Gilboa. David mourns their deaths, especially that of Jonathan, his friend. He goes up to Hebron, where he is anointed king over Judah. In the north, Saul's son Ish-Bosheth becomes king of the tribes of Israel. War ensues between Ish-Bosheth and David, until Ish-Bosheth is murdered. The assassins bring the head of Ish-Bosheth to David hoping for a reward, but David executes them for their crime against the Lord's anointed. Yet with the death of the son of Saul, the elders of Israel come to Hebron and David, who is 30 years old, is anointed King over Israel and Judah.[25]
Jerusalem and the Davidic Covenant[link]
David conquers the Jebusite fortress of Jerusalem, and makes it his capital, and "Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David, and cedar trees, also carpenters and masons who built David a house." David brings the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem, intending to build a temple, but God, speaking to the prophet Nathan, is pleased, saying the temple will be built. God makes a covenant with David, promising that he will establish the house of David : "Your throne shall be established forever."
With God's help, David is victorious over his people's enemies. The Philistines are subdued, the Moabites to the east pay tribute, along with Hadadezer of Zobah, from whom David takes gold shields and bronze vessels.[26]
Bathsheba and Uriah the Hittite[link]
David commits adultery with Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah the Hittite.[27] Bathsheba becomes pregnant. David sends for Uriah, who is with the Israelite army at the siege of Rabbah, so that he may lie with his wife and conceal the identity of the child's father. Uriah refuses to do so while his companions are in the field of battle and David sends him back to Joab, the commander, with a message instructing him to abandon Uriah on the battlefield, "that he may be struck down, and die." David marries Bathsheba and she bears his child, "but the thing that David had done displeased the Lord."[28] The prophet Nathan confronts David, saying: "Why have you despised the word of God, to do what is evil in his sight? You have smitten Uriah the Hittite with the sword, and have taken his wife to be your wife." Nathan presents three punishments from God for this sin. First, that the "sword shall never depart from your house" (2 Samuel 12:10) second, that "Before your very eyes I will take your wives and give them to one who is close to you, and he will sleep with your wives in broad daylight. 12 You did it in secret, but I will do this thing in broad daylight before all Israel., (2 Samuel 12:12) and finally, that "the son born to you will die."2 Samuel 12:14 David repents, yet God "struck the [David's] child ... and it became sick ... [And] on the seventh day the child died." David leaves his lamentations, dresses himself, goes to the House of the Lord and worships, and then returns home to eat. His servants ask why he wept when the baby was alive, but ends his mourning when the child dies. David replies: "While the child was still alive, I fasted and wept. I thought, 'Who knows? The LORD may be gracious to me and let the child live.' But now that he is dead, why should I fast? Can I bring him back again? I will go to him, but he will not return to me."2 Samuel 12:22–23
David's son Absalom rebels[link]
David's son Absalom rebels against his father, and they come to battle in the Wood of Ephraim. Absalom is caught by his hair in the branches of an oak and David’s general Joab kills him as he hangs there.[29] When the news of the victory is brought to David, he does not rejoice, but is instead shaken with grief: "O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! Would I had died instead of you, O Absalom, my son, my son!"[30]
Old age[link]
When David has become old and bedridden, Adonijah, his eldest surviving son and natural heir, declares himself king and worthy to marry Abishag. Bathsheba, David's favorite wife, and Nathan the prophet, fearing that they will be killed by Adonijah, go to David and procure his agreement that Solomon, Bathsheba's son, should sit on the throne. And so the plans of Adonijah collapse, and Solomon becomes king.[31] It is to Solomon that David gives his final instructions, including his promise that the line of Solomon and David will inherit the throne of Judah forever, and his request that Solomon kill his oldest enemies on his behalf.[32] David dies and is buried in the City of David, having ruled forty years over Israel, seven in Hebron and thirty-three in Jerusalem.
Religious view[link]
Judaism[link]
| King David the Prophet | |
|---|---|
 King David in Prayer, by Pieter de Grebber (c. 1640) |
|
| Holy Monarch, Prophet, Reformer, Spiritual Poet & Musician, Vicegerent of God, Psalm-Receiver | |
| Born | c. 1040 B.C.E. Bethlehem |
| Died | c. 970 B.C.E. Jerusalem |
| Honored in | Judaism Christianity Islam |
| Attributes | Psalms, Harp, Head of Goliath |
David is an important figure in Judaism. Historically, David's reign represented the formation of a coherent Jewish kingdom centered in Jerusalem. David is an important figure within the context of Jewish messianism. In the Hebrew Bible, it is written that a human descendant of David will occupy the throne of a restored kingdom and usher in a messianic age.
David is also viewed as a tragic figure; his acquisition of Bathsheba, and the loss of his son are viewed as his central tragedies.
Many legends have grown around the figure of David. According to one Rabbinic tradition, David was raised as the son of his father Jesse and spent his early years herding his father's sheep in the wilderness while his brothers were in school. Only at his anointing by Samuel – when the oil from Samuel's flask turned to diamonds and pearls – was his true identity as Jesse's son revealed.
David's adultery with Bathsheba was only an opportunity to demonstrate the power of repentance, and some Talmudic authors stated that it was not adultery at all, quoting a Jewish practice of divorce on the eve of battle. However, in tractate Sanhedrin, David's broken heart pleads and numerous actions for forgiveness are discussed, God ultimately forgives but would not remove his sins from Scripture.[33]
Furthermore, according to David's apologists, the death of Uriah was not to be considered murder, on the basis that Uriah had committed a capital offence by refusing to obey a direct command from the King.[34]
According to midrashim, Adam gave up 70 years of his life for the life of David.[35] Also, according to the Talmud Yerushalmi, David was born and died on the Jewish holiday of Shavuot (Feast of Weeks). His piety was said to be so great that his prayers could bring down things from Heaven.
Christianity[link]
See also: Genealogy of Jesus
The concept of the Messiah is important in Christianity. Originally an earthly king ruling by divine appointment ("the anointed one", as the title Messiah had it), the "son of David" became in the last two pre-Christian centuries the apocalyptic and heavenly one who would deliver Israel and usher in a new kingdom. This was the background to the concept of Messiahship in early Christianity, which interpreted the career of Jesus "by means of the titles and functions assigned to David in the mysticism of the Zion cult, in which he served as priest-king and in which he was the mediator between God and man."[36] The early Church believed that "the life of David [foreshadowed] the life of Christ; Bethlehem is the birthplace of both; the shepherd life of David points out Christ, the Good Shepherd; the five stones chosen to slay Goliath are typical of the five wounds; the betrayal by his trusted counsellor, Achitophel, and the passage over the Cedron remind us of Christ's Sacred Passion. Many of the Davidic Psalms, as we learn from the New Testament, are clearly typical of the future Messiah."[37] In the Middle Ages, "Charlemagne thought of himself, and was viewed by his court scholars, as a 'new David'. [This was] not in itself a new idea, but [one whose] content and significance were greatly enlarged by him."[38] The linking of David to earthly kingship was reflected in later Medieval cathedral windows all over Europe through the device of the Tree of Jesse, its branches demonstrating how divine kingship descended from Jesse, through his son David, to Jesus.
Western Rite churches (Roman Catholic, Lutheran) celebrate his feast day on 29 December, Eastern-rite on 19 December.[39] The Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Churches celebrate the feast day of the "Holy Righteous Prophet and King David" on the Sunday of the Holy Forefathers (two Sundays before the Great Feast of the Nativity of the Lord), when he is commemorated together with other ancestors of Jesus. He is also commemorated on the Sunday after the Nativity, together with Joseph and James, the Brother of the Lord.
Mormonism[link]
The Doctrine and Covenants of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints cites David as one directed by God to practice polygamy, but who sinned in committing adultery with Bathsheba and having Uriah killed.[40]
Islam[link]
Main article Islamic view of David
David (Arabic داود, Dāwūd) is a highly important figure in Islam as one of the major prophets sent by God to guide the Israelites. David is mentioned several times in the Qur'an, often with his son Solomon. In the Qur'an: David killed Goliath (II: 251), Goliath was a powerful king who used to invade random kingdoms and villages. Goliath was spreading evil and corruption. When David killed Goliath, God granted him kingship and wisdom and enforces it (XXXVIII: 20). David is made God's "vicegerent on earth" (XXXVIII: 26) and God further gives David sound judgment (XXI: 78; XXXVII: 21–24, 26) as well as the Psalms, which are regarded as books of divine wisdom (IV: 163; XVII, 55). The birds and mountains unite with David in ushering praise to God (XXI: 79; XXXIV: 10; XXXVIII: 18), while God instructs David in the art of fashioning chain-mail out of iron (XXXIV: 10; XXI: 80). Together with Solomon, David gives judgment in a case of damage to the fields (XXI: 78) and David judges in the matter between two disputants in his prayer chamber (XXXVIII: 21–23). Since there is no mention in the Qur'an of the wrong David did to Uriah nor is there any reference to Bathsheba, Muslims reject this narrative.[41]
Muslim tradition and the hadith stress David's zeal in daily prayer[42] as well as in fasting. Qur'an commentators, historians and compilers of the numerous Stories of the Prophets elaborate upon David's concise Qur'anic narratives and specifically mention David's gift in singing his Psalms as well as his musical and vocal talents. His voice is described as having had a captivating power, weaving its influence not only over man but over all beasts and nature, who would unite with him to praise God.[43]
Baha'i Faith[link]
David is described as a minor prophet who came in the shadow of the dispensation of Moses to develop and consolidate the process he set in motion.[44]
Succession[link]
Genealogy[link]
According to Genesis 46:12 and Ruth 4:18–22, David is the eleventh[45] generation from Judah, the fourth son of the patriarch Jacob (Israel). The genealogical line runs as follows: (1) Judah → (2) Pharez → (3) Hezron → (4) Ram → (5) Amminadab → (6) Nahshon → (7) Salmon → (8) Boaz (the husband of Ruth) → (9) Obed → (10) Jesse → (11) David.[45]
Family[link]
David was born in Bethlehem, in the territory of the Tribe of Judah. His father was named Jesse. His mother is not named in the Bible, but the Talmud identifies her as Nitzevet daughter of Adael.[46] David had seven brothers and was the youngest of them all. He had eight wives: Michal, the second daughter of King Saul; Ahinoam the Jezreelite; Abigail the Carmelite, previously wife of Nabal;[47] Maachah, daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur; Haggith; Abital; Eglah; and Bathsheba, previously the wife of Uriah the Hittite.
The Book of Chronicles lists David's sons by various wives and concubines. In Hebron he had six sons 1 Chronicles 3:1–3: Amnon, by Ahinoam; Daniel, by Abigail; Absalom, by Maachah; Adonijah, by Haggith; Shephatiah, by Abital; and Ithream, by Eglah. By Bathsheba, his sons were: Shammua; Shobab; Nathan; and Solomon. His sons born in Jerusalem by other wives included: Ibhar; Elishua; Eliphelet; Nogah; Nepheg; Japhia; Elishama; and Eliada. 2 Samuel 5:14–16 According to 2 Chronicles 11:18, Jerimoth, who is not mentioned in any of the genealogies, is mentioned as another of David's sons. According to 2 Samuel 9:11, David adopted Jonathan's son Mephibosheth as his own.
David also had at least one daughter, Tamar by Maachah, who was raped by Amnon, her half-brother. Her rape leads to Amnon's death. 2 Samuel 13:1–29 Absalom, Amnon's half-brother and Tamar's full-brother, waits two years, then avenges his sister by sending his servants to kill Amnon at a feast to which he had invited all the king's sons. 2 Samuel 13
Legend and legacy[link]
In European Christian culture of the Middle Ages, David was made a member of the Nine Worthies, a group of heroes encapsulating all the ideal qualities of chivalry. His life was thus proposed as a valuable subject for study by those aspiring to chivalric status. This aspect of David in the Nine Worthies was popularised firstly through literature, and was thereafter adopted as a frequent subject for painters and sculptors.
The musician[link]
See also: History of music in the Biblical period
In various biblical passages, David is referred to as “the favorite of the songs of Israel,”[48] the one who soothed Saul with music,[49] and the founder of Temple singing.[50][51] A Psalms scroll from the Dead Sea Scrolls (11QPsa) attributes 3600 tehilim (songs of praise) plus other compositions to David.[52] Seventy-three of the 150 Psalms in the Bible are attributed to David.[53] The supreme kingship of Yahweh is the most pervasive theological concept in the book of Psalms,[54][55] and many psalms attributed to David are directed to Yahweh by name,[56] whether in praise or petition, suggesting a relationship.[57] According to the Midrash Tehillim, King David was prompted to the Psalms by the Holy Spirit that rested upon him.[58]
In addition to ascribing authorship to David, several Psalms are identified with specific events in David’s life.[59] Psalm 34 is attributed to David on the occasion of his escape from the Abimelech (king) Achish by pretending to be insane.[60] According to the narrative in 1 Samuel 21, instead of killing the man who had exacted so many casualties from him, Abimelech allows David to depart, exclaiming, “Am I so short of madmen that you have to bring this fellow here to carry on like this in front of me? Must this man come into my house?"[61] Psalm 34 is one of seven acrostic Psalms in the original Hebrew; most English translations do not retain the acrostic form.[62] The first part of Psalm 34 is directed toward Yahweh in complete and humble gratitude (David does not even mention his own royal status); the second part confidently directs others to Yahweh.[63]
This poor man cried, and the LORD heard him, and saved him out of all his troubles. The angel of the LORD encamps around those who fear him, and delivers them … Come, O children, listen to me; I will teach you the fear of the LORD.
— Psalm 34:6–7,11 (ESV)
In contrast, Psalm 18 is not related to a specific incident but rather to God’s faithful deliverance from “all of his enemies and from the hand of Saul.”[64][65] The text of this Psalm was thought to date to the 10th century BC even before the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls[66] and is very similar to that of 2 Samuel 22.[67] In this Psalm, David recalls being in deadly situations: “The cords of death entangled me, the torrents of destruction overwhelmed me.”[68] He cries out to God for help, and God rescues David.
I love you, O LORD, my strength. The LORD is my rock, my fortress and my deliverer; my God is my rock, in whom I take refuge. He is my shield and the horn of my salvation, my stronghold. I call to the LORD, who is worthy of praise, and I am saved from my enemies.
— Psalm 18:1–3 (NIV)
The Scottish theologian Samuel Rutherford (1600–1661) notes that crying out to God is mentioned in many Psalms attributed to David.[69] He comments, “Fervour is a heavenly ingredient in prayer. An arrow drawn with full strength hath a speedier issue.” [70] The Midrash Tehillim teaches from Psalm 4 “that the mere mechanical application to the Throne of Mercy is not efficacious is plainly seen from the words of King David, who says God is nigh to all that call upon Him, and … he adds the important words, 'to those who call upon Him in truth.'”[71]
According to Psalm 40, David’s cries to God were heartfelt though not necessarily impatient; the poignant combination of a cry for help with a confident expression of faith echo today in the song “40” by the rock group U2 and that encapsulates David’s experience with his God:
I waited patiently for the LORD; he turned to me and heard my cry. He lifted me out of the slimy pit, out of the mud and mire; he set my feet on a rock and gave me a firm place to stand. He put a new song in my mouth, a hymn of praise to our God. Many will see and fear and put their trust in the LORD.
— Psalm 40:1–3 (NIV)
Representation in art and literature[link]
Art[link]
Famous sculptures of David include (in chronological order) those by:
- Donatello (c. 1430 – 1440), David (Donatello)
- Andrea del Verrocchio (1476), David (Verrocchio)
- Michelangelo (1504), David (Michelangelo)
- Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1624), David (Bernini)
- Antonin Mercié (1873)
Literature[link]
- Dryden's long poem Absalom and Achitophel is an allegory that uses the story of the rebellion of Absalom against King David as the basis for his satire of the contemporary political situation, including events such as the Monmouth Rebellion (1685), the Popish Plot (1678) and the Exclusion Crisis.
- Elmer Davis's novel Giant Killer (1928, The John Day company) retells and embellishes the Biblical story of David, casting David as primarily a poet who managed always to find others to do the "dirty work" of heroism and kingship. In the novel, Elhanan in fact killed Goliath but David claimed the credit; and Joab, David's cousin and general, took it upon himself to make many of the difficult decisions of war and statecraft when David vacillated or wrote poetry instead.
- Gladys Schmitt wrote a novel titled "David the King" (1946, Doubleday Books) which proceeds as a richly embellished biography of David's entire life. The book took a risk, especially for its time, in portraying David's relationship with Jonathan as overtly homoerotic, but was ultimately panned by critics as a bland rendition of the title character.
- In Thomas Burnett Swann's Biblical fantasy novel How are the Mighty Fallen (1974, DAW), David and Jonathan are explicitly stated to be lovers. Moreover, Jonathan is a member of a winged semi-human race (possibly nephilim), one of several such races co-existing with humanity but often persecuted by it.
- Joseph Heller wrote a novel based on David, God Knows (1984, Simon & Schuster). Told from the perspective of an aging David, the humanity — rather than the heroism — of various biblical characters is emphasized. The portrayal of David as a man of flaws such as greed, lust, selfishness, and his alienation from God, the falling apart of his family is a distinctly 20th century interpretation of the events told in the Bible.
- Juan Bosch, Dominican political leader and writer, wrote "David: Biography of a King" (1966, Hawthorn, NY) a realistic approach to David's life and political career.
- Allan Massie wrote "King David" (1996, Sceptre), a novel about David's career which portrays the king's relationship to Jonathan and others as openly homosexual.
- Madeleine L'Engle's novel Certain Women (1993, HarperOne) explores family, the Christian faith, and the nature of God through the story of King David's family and an analogous modern family's saga.
- Sir Arthur Conan Doyle used the story of David and Bathsheba as the main structure for the Sherlock Holmes story The Adventure of the Crooked Man. The betrayal of the Crooked Man is paralleled with David's betrayal of Uriah the Hittite, carried out in order to win Bathsheba.
- Stefan Heym's "The King David Report" (1998, Northwestern University Press) is a fiction depicting the writings of the Bible historian Ethan, upon King Solomon's orders, of a true and authoritative report on the life of David, Son of Jesse.
- Malachi Martin's 1980 factional novel King of Kings: A Novel of the Life of David relates the life of David, Adonai's champion in his battle with the Philistine deity Dagon.
- William Faulkner's "Absalom, Absalom!"(1936) refers to the story of Absalom, David's son; his rebellion against his father and his death at the hands of David's general, Joab. In addition it parallels Absalom's vengeance for the rape of his sister Tamar by his half-brother, Amnon.
- Dan Jacobson's The Rape of Tamar (1970) is an imagined account, by one of David's courtiers Yonadab, of the rape of Tamar by Amnon.
Film[link]
- Gregory Peck played King David in the 1951 film David and Bathsheba, directed by Henry King. Susan Hayward played Bathsheba and Raymond Massey played the prophet Nathan.
- Jeff Chandler played David in the 1960 film A Story of David
- Finlay Currie played an aged King David in the 1959 film Solomon and Sheba, directed by King Vidor. Yul Brynner played Solomon and Gina Lollobrigida played the Queen of Sheba.
- Richard Gere portrayed King David in the 1985 film King David directed by Bruce Beresford.
Music[link]
- Josquin des Prez's Planxit autem David is a polyphonic setting of 2 Samuel Chapter I verses 17–27, David's lamentation for the dead Saul and Jonathan. His Absalon fili mi is a polyphonic lamentation from David's perspective on the death of his son.
- George Frideric Handel's oratorio Saul features David as one of its main characters
- Arthur Honegger's oratorio Le Roi David ('King David'), with a libretto by Rene Morax, was composed in 1921 and instantly became a staple of the choral repertoire; it is still widely performed.
- Leonard Cohen's song "Hallelujah" has references to David ("there was a secret chord that David played and it pleased the Lord", "The baffled king composing Hallelujah") and Bathsheba ("you saw her bathing on the roof") in its opening verses.
- "Mad About You", a song on Sting's 1991 album The Soul Cages, explores David's obsession with Bathsheba from David's perspective.
- Dead by the Pixies is a retelling of David's adultery and repentance.
- Herbert Howells (1892–1983) composed an artsong for voice and piano called "King David".
- Eric Whitacre composed a choral piece, "When David Heard," chronicling the death of Absalom and David's grief over losing his son.
Musical theater[link]
- King David, a modern oratorio, with a book and lyrics by Tim Rice and music by Alan Menken.
Television[link]
- Nathaniel Parker portrayed King David in the 1997 TV film David, with Leonard Nimoy as Samuel and Jonathan Pryce as Saul.
- Max von Sydow portrayed an older King David in the TV film Solomon, a sequel to David above, with Ben Cross as Solomon.
- In 2009, NBC introduced the series Kings, which was explicitly designed as a modern retelling of the David story.
- In the PBS television series Wishbone the episode "Little Big Dog" recounts the story of David, his favor with Saul, and his triumphant battle over Goliath.
- The season two episode of Xena: Warrior Princess "Giant Killer" features David and his killing of Goliath.
Trivia[link]
For a considerable period, starting in the 15th century and continuing until the 19th, French playing card manufacturers assigned to each of the court cards names taken from history or mythology.[72][73] In this context, the King of Spades was often known as "David".
See also[link]
- David and Jonathan
- King David's Palace site
- King David's Tomb
- Midrash Shmuel (aggadah)
- Passover songs
- Tel Arad
Notes[link]
- ^ داود is the traditional Koranic spelling without vocalization. In Modern Standard Arabic, it is normally written داوود.
- ^ Luke 3:23-38
- ^ Matthew 1:1-17
- ^ *Mykytiuk, Lawrence J. (2004). "Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200–539 B.C.E." Atlanta, Ga.: Society of Biblical Literature. See pp. 110–132 and 265–277. "If the reading of בֵּיתדָּוִד [House of David] on the Tel Dan stele is correct, (...) then we have solid evidence that a 9th-century BC Aramean king considered the founder of the Judean dynasty to be a ruler named דָּוִד [David]. P. 132 states that "Although interpreters are free to favor possibilities . . . other than "the house of David," these other meanings remain largely theoretical, rather than demonstrable."
- ^ Tel Dan Stele
- ^ Biran, Avraham and Naveh, J. "An Aramaic Stele Fragment From Tel Dan." Israel Exploration Journal 43 (1993).
- ^ Picking Abraham and Choosing David, Christopher Heard, Associate Professor of Religion at Pepperdine University. See also Israeli journalist Daniel Gavron's King David and Jerusalem – Myth and Reality for a useful overview.
- ^ Mykytiuk, Lawrence J. (2004). "Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200–539 B.C.E." (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature), pp. 265–279.
- ^ K. A. Kitchen, "A Possible Mention of David in the Late Tenth Century BC, and Deity *Dod as Dead as the Dodo?" Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 76 (1997): 29–44, especially 39–41.
- ^ Lawrence J. Mykytiuk (2009). "Corrections and Updates to 'Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200—539 B.C.E.". http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/lib_research/129/. "this geographical name was inscribed within 45 years or less after the biblical time of King David's death and sees a parallel to another geographic name, "the city of David," in 2 Sam 5:7,9; 6:10, etc.; 1 Kgs 2:10, etc.; Isa 22:9; 1 Chr 11:5,7, etc. pages 119-121"
- ^ See David Ussishkin, "Solomon's Jerusalem: The Text and the Facts on the Ground," in: A.G. Vaughn and A.E. Killebrew (eds.), Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Period, (Society of Biblical Literature, Symposium Series, No. 18), Atlanta, 2003, pp. 103–115. See also Cahill, J., "David's Jerusalem, Fiction or Reality? The Archaeological Evidence Proves It," and Steiner, M., "David's Jerusalem, Fiction or Reality? It's Not There: Archaeology Proves a Negative," both in Biblical Archaeology Review 24 (July/August 1998). (These two scholars argue opposite sides of the case for a Jerusalem in keeping with the biblical portrayal).
- ^ Rossner, Rena (January 26, 2006). "The once and future city". The Jerusalem Post. http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1137605923369&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull. Retrieved November 15, 2009. "In August 2005, corroborating her conclusions with biblical verses, Mazar announced that she had found King David's palace."
- ^ See Eilat Mazar, "Did I find David's Temple?" in Biblical Archeology Review, Jan/Feb 2006
- ^ Finkelstein, Israel; Neil Asher SilbermanDavid and Solomon: In Search of the Bible's Sacred Kings and the Roots of the Western Tradition Simon & Schuster Ltd (16 October 2006) ISBN 978-0-7432-4362-9 p32
- ^ a b Steven McKenzie, Associate Professor Rhodes College, Memphis, Tennessee.
- ^ Norman K. Gottwald, Tribes of Yahweh: A Sociology of the Religion of Liberated Israel, 1250–1050 BCE, Continuum 1999 pp.156–157, p.162.
- ^ Donald B. Redford, Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times, Princeton University Press, 1992 pp.301–307, p.301.
- ^ "A View from Copenhagen", Thomas L. Thompson, Professor of Old Testament, Copenhagen University.
- ^ Baruch Halpern, "David's Secret Demons", 2001.Review of Baruch Halpern's "David's Secret Demons".
- ^ Finkelstein and Silberman, "David and Solomon", 2006. See review "Archaeology" magazine.
- ^ 1 Samuel 15:11
- ^ 1 Samuel 16:10-12
- ^ 1 Samuel 17:1–58.
- ^ 2&src=Samuel 1 Samuel 18:1, 2
- ^ See David and Jonathan. There is debate amongst some scholars on whether this relationship might have been platonic, romantic or sexual. The Hebrew word 'ahav, meaning "love," has a very broad range of meanings, including simply the opposite of "hate" (The New Brown-Driver-Briggs-Gesenius Hebrew and English Lexicon [1978], p. 12), which can be shown by loyalty, as in 1 Samuel 18:16, "All Israel and Judah loved David, because he led them in their campaigns." Boswell, John. Same-sex Unions in Premodern Europe. New York: Vintage, 1994; Martti Nissinen, Homoeroticism in the Biblical World, Minneapolis, 1998; When Heroes Love:. The Ambiguity of Eros in the Stories of Gilgamesh and David (New York & Chichester, Columbia University Press, 2005); Homosexuality and Liminality in the Gilgamesh and Samuel (Amsterdam, Hakkert, 2007); Gagnon, The Bible and Homosexual Practice. Texts and Hermeneutics (Nashville, Abingdon Press, 2001); Markus Zehnder, "Observations on the Relationship Between David and Jonathan and the Debate on Homosexuality", Westminster Theological Journal 69 (2007) Nevertheless, the Biblical narrative depicts their relationship favourably.
- ^ 2 Samuel 5
- ^ BibleGateway.com 2 Samuel 8:7
- ^ Stassen, Glen Harold & Gushee, David P. Kingdom ethics: following Jesus in contemporary context, InterVarsity Press, 2003. p. 200.
- ^ 2 Samuel 11
- ^ 2Samuel 18:14–15
- ^ 2 Samuel 18:33, King James Version
- ^ 1 Kings 1
- ^ 1 Kings 2
- ^ Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Sanhedrin. pp. 107a.
- ^ Jewish Encyclopedia, "David"
- ^ Zohar Bereishis 91b
- ^ "David" article from Encyclopædia Britannica Online
- ^ John Corbett (1911) King David The Catholic Encyclopedia (New York: Robert Appleton Company)
- ^ Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity,
- ^ Saint of the Day for December 29 at St. Patrick Catholic Church, Washington, D.C.
- ^ Doctrine and Covenants 132:1, 38–39 (see highlighted portions).
- ^ A-Z of Prophets in Islam and Judaism, Wheeler, David
- ^ Encyclopedia of Islam, Dawud
- ^ Stories of the Prophets, Ibn Kathir, Story of David
- ^ Cole, Juan (1982). "The Concept of Manifestation in the Bahá'í Writings". Bahá'í Studies monograph 9: 1–38. http://bahai-library.com/cole_concept_manifestation.
- ^ a b Note, 'eleventh' – counting Judah as first – like the example in the book of Jude where Enoch is said to be the 'seventh from Adam', which makes Adam first. Jude 1:14
- ^ Talmud Tractate Bava Batra 91a
- ^ |1|Samuel|25
- ^ 2 Samuel 23:1
- ^ 1 Samuel 16:17–23
- ^ 2 Chronicles 23:18
- ^ Nehemiah 12:24,36, 45–46
- ^ Introduction to Psalms (pp. 1280, 1281), The Jewish Study Bible, Tanakh Translation. Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Fishbane, Michael, eds. Jewish Publication Society, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-529751-2
- ^ "David" and "Psalms, Book of," New Bible Dictionary, second edition,1982. Douglas, J.D. (organizing editor), Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale Press. ISBN 0-8423-4667-8
- ^ Introduction to Psalms (p. 1013), NIV Study Bible,1995. Barker, Kenneth, Burdick, Donald; Stek John; Wessel, Walter; Youngblood, Ronald, eds. Zondervan. Grand Rapids, MI, USA ISBN 0-310-92709-9
- ^ "Psalms, Book of," New Bible Dictionary, second edition,1982. Douglas, J.D. (organizing editor), Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale Press. ISBN 0-8423-4667-8
- ^ "Psalms, Book of", New Bible Dictionary, second edition,1982. Douglas, J.D. (organizing editor), Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale Press. ISBN 0-8423-4667-8
- ^ Introduction to Psalms (p. 1284), The Jewish Study Bible, Tanakh Translation, 2004. Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Fishbane, Michael, eds. Jewish Publication Society, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-529751-2
- ^ Midrash Psalms 24 read online
- ^ Psalms 3, 7, 18, 34, 51, 52, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60, 63 and 142, Commentary on II Samuel 22, The Anchor Bible, Vol. 9. II Samuel. P. Kyle McCarter, Jr., 1984. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-06808-5
- ^ Psalm 34, Interlinear NIV Hebrew-English Old Testament. Kohlenberger, J.R, 1987. Grand Rapids, Michigan:Zondervan Publishing House ISBN 0-310-40200-X
- ^ 1 Samuel 21:15 (NIV)
- ^ Explanatory Notes on Psalm 34, ‘’Treasury of David’’ (1885), Charles H. Spurgeon, Hendrickson Publishers, 1988. ISBN 0-917006-25-9 read online
- ^ Commentary on Psalm 34, The Jewish Study Bible, Tanakh Translation. Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Fishbane, Michael, eds. Jewish Publication Society, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-529751-2
- ^ Commentary on II Samuel 22, The Anchor Bible, Vol. 9: II Samuel. P. Kyle McCarter, Jr., 1984. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-06808-5
- ^ Commentary on Psalm 18: The Anchor Bible, Vol. 16. Psalms I. Mitchell Dahood, 1995. New York:Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-52250-9
- ^ Feinberg, Charles Lee, Th.D., Ph.D., 1947. The Date of the Psalms. Bibliotheca Sacra 104: 426–40 Dallas Theological Seminary Department of Semitics and Old Testament, p. 429 read online
- ^ 2 Samuel 22 and Psalm 18, Interlinear NIV Hebrew-English Old Testament. Kohlenberger, J.R, 1987. Grand Rapids, Michigan:Zondervan Publishing House ISBN 0-310-40200-X
- ^ Psalm 18:4 (NIV)
- ^ For example, “At noon, will I pray, and cry aloud” Ps 55:17. “In my distress I cried to the LORD” Ps 18:6. “Unto thee have I cried, O LORD” Ps 88:13. “Out of the depths have I cried” Ps 130:1. “Unto thee will I cry, O LORD my rock” Ps 28:1.
- ^ quoted in Explanatory Notes on Psalm 34, ‘’Treasury of David’’ (1885), Charles H. Spurgeon, Hendrickson Publishers, 1988. ISBN 0-917006-25-9 read online
- ^ Midrash Psalms 4, emphasis is in the source. read online
- ^ "The Four King Truth" at the Urban Legends Reference Pages
- ^ "Courts on playing cards", by David Madore, with illustrations of the Anglo-American and French court cards
References[link]
Translations of 1 and 2 Samuel[link]
- Samuel 1 and 2 at Bible Gateway
- Kirsch, Jonathan (2000) King David: the real life of the man who ruled Israel. Ballantine. ISBN 0-345-43275-4.
- See also the entry "David" in Easton's Bible Dictionary.
- Dever, William G. (2001) What did the Bible writers know and when did they know it? William B. Eerdmans Publ. Co., Cambridge UK.
- Thiele, E.R. (1983). The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings. Eerdmans. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=Wx4GsZH3dzAC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Mysterious+Numbers+of+the+Hebrew+Kings&hl=en&ei=QaveTrDtNuOeiAfcycCqBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Mysterious%20Numbers%20of%20the%20Hebrew%20Kings&f=false.
Commentaries on Samuel[link]
- Auld, Graeme (2003). "1 & 2 Samuel". In James D. G. Dunn and John William Rogerson. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA213&lpg=PA213&dq=There+are+two+common+types+of+strategy+for+reading+the+books+of+Samuel#v=onepage&q=There%20are%20two%20common%20types%20of%20strategy%20for%20reading%20the%20books%20of%20Samuel&f=false.
- Bergen, David T. (1996). 1, 2 Samuel. B&H Publishing Group. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=eGT6fWsajqcC&pg=PA49&dq=I+%26+II+Samuel:+a+commentary+Gordon&cad=3#v=onepage&q=I%20%26%20II%20Samuel%3A%20a%20commentary%20Gordon&f=false.
- Gordon, Robert (1986). I & II Samuel, A Commentary. Paternoster Press. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=JMJ1ZAnswuUC&pg=PA338&lpg=PA338&dq=I+%26+II+Samuel:+a+commentary+Gordon#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- Hertzberg, Hans Wilhelm (1964, trans. from German 2nd edition 1960). I & II Samuel, A Commentary. Westminster John Knox Press. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=friNN7IdjOIC&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=I+%26+II+Samuel:+a+commentary+Hans+Wilhelm+Hertzberg#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- Tsumura, Hans Wilhelm (2007). The First book of Samuel. Eerdmans. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=iLKAlhLDkMwC&pg=PA103&lpg=PA103&dq=The+First+book+of+Samuel+Tsumura#v=onepage&q&f=false.
General[link]
- Breytenbach, Andries (2000). "Who Is Behind The Samuel Narrative?". In Johannes Cornelis de Moor and H.F. Van Rooy. Past, present, future: the Deuteronomistic history and the prophets. Brill. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=uP22QHpnKq8C&pg=PA50&lpg=PA50&dq=Breytenbach+Who+is+behind+the+Samuel+narrative#v=onepage&q=Breytenbach%20Who%20is%20behind%20the%20Samuel%20narrative&f=false.
- Coogan, Michael D. (2009) A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament: the Hebrew Bible in its Context Oxford University Press
- Dick, Michael B (2004). "The History of "David's Rise to Power" and the Neo-Babylonian Succession Apologies". In Bernard Frank Batto and Kathryn L. Roberts. David and Zion: biblical studies in honor of J.J.M. Roberts. Eisenbrauns. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=Vlkb0cSBGlIC&pg=PA373&lpg=PA373&dq=David+and+Zion:+biblical+studies+in+honor+of+J.J.M.+Roberts#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- Eynikel, Erik (2000). "The Relation Between the Eli Narrative and the Ark Narratives". In Johannes Cornelis de Moor and H.F. Van Rooy. Past, present, future: the Deuteronomistic history and the prophets. Brill. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=uP22QHpnKq8C&pg=PA50&lpg=PA50&dq=Breytenbach+Who+is+behind+the+Samuel+narrative#v=onepage&q=Breytenbach%20Who%20is%20behind%20the%20Samuel%20narrative&f=false.
- Halpern, Baruch (2001). David's secret demons: messiah, murderer, traitor, king. Eerdmans. http://books.google.com/books?id=tn8PG4XfuBAC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=David's+secret#v=onepage&q=lahmi+bethlehemite&f=false.
- Jones, Gwilym H (2001). "1 and 2 Samuel". In John Barton and John Muddiman. The Oxford Bible Commentary. Oxford University Press. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=wCRYl9Ikk6EC&pg=PA196&lpg=PA196&dq=Gwilym+Jones+1+and+2+Samuel#v=onepage&q=Gwilym%20Jones%201%20and%202%20Samuel&f=false.
- Klein, R.W. (2003). "Samuel, books of". In Bromiley, Geoffrey W. The international standard Bible encyclopedia. Eerdmans. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6OJvO2jMCr8C&pg=PA314&lpg=PA314&dq=narrative+sources+books+of+samuel#v=onepage&q=narrative%20sources%20books%20of%20samuel&f=false.
- Knight, Douglas A (1995). "Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomists". In James Luther Mays, David L. Petersen and Kent Harold Richards. Old Testament Interpretation. T&T Clark. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=SNLN1nEEys0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Old+Testament+Interpretation+Mays+Peterson+Richards#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- Knight, Douglas A (1991). "Sources". In Watson E. Mills, Roger Aubrey Bullard. Mercer Dictionary of the Bible. Mercer University Press. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=goq0VWw9rGIC&dq=Mercer+Bible+Dictionary&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- Schleffer, Eben (2000). "Saving Saul from the Deuteronomist". In Johannes Cornelis de Moor and H.F. Van Rooy. Past, present, future: the Deuteronomistic history and the prophets. Brill. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=uP22QHpnKq8C&pg=PA50&lpg=PA50&dq=Breytenbach+Who+is+behind+the+Samuel+narrative#v=onepage&q=Breytenbach%20Who%20is%20behind%20the%20Samuel%20narrative&f=false.
- Soggin, Alberto (1987). Introduction to the Old Testament. Westminster John Knox Press. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=mqSNsKXnHQgC&pg=PA112&lpg=PA112&dq=Soggin+Introduction+to+the+Old+Testament#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- Spieckerman, Hermann (2001). "The Deuteronomistic History". In Leo G. Perdue. The Blackwell companion to the Hebrew Bible. Blackwell. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=41_0okLzQJkC&pg=PA337&lpg=PA337&dq=The+Deuteronomistic+History+Hermann+Spieckermann#v=onepage&q=The%20Deuteronomistic%20History%20Hermann%20Spieckermann&f=false.
- Van Seters, John (1997). In search of history: historiography in the ancient world and the origins of biblical history. Eisenbrauns. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=0-skPdXtewwC&pg=PA406&lpg=PA406&dq=Van+Seters+In+Search+of+History#v=onepage&q=Samuel&f=false.
- Walton, John H (2009). "The Deuteronomistic History". In Andrew E. Hill, John H. Walton. A Survey of the Old Testament. Zondervan. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=41_0okLzQJkC&pg=PA337&lpg=PA337&dq=The+Deuteronomistic+History+Hermann+Spieckermann#v=onepage&q=The%20Deuteronomistic%20History%20Hermann%20Spieckermann&f=false.
Further reading[link]
- Alexander, David; Alexander, Pat, eds. (1983). Eerdmans' handbook to the Bible ([New, rev.]. ed.). Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-3486-8.
- Bright, John (1981). A history of Israel (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Westminster Press. ISBN 0-664-21381-2.
- Bruce, F. F. (1963). Israel and the Nations. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.
- Harrison, R.K. (1969). An Introduction to the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.
- Kidner, Derek (1973). The Psalms. Downers Grove, IL: Inter-Varsity Press. ISBN 0-87784-868-8.
- Noll, K. L. (1997). The faces of David. Sheffield: Sheffield Acad. Press. ISBN 1-85075-659-7.
- Thompson, J.A. (1986). Handbook of life in Bible times. Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity Press. ISBN 0-87784-949-8.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: David |
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: David |
- Complete Bible Genealogy David's family tree
- Double Identity: Orpheus as David. Orpheus as Christ? Biblical Archaeology Review
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David of the United Kingdom of Israel & Judah
Cadet branch of the Tribe of Judah
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King of Judah 1010 BC–1003 BC |
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King of the United Israel and Judah 1003 BC–970 BC |
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http://wn.com/David
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Davide
http://cs.wn.com/David (biblická postava)
http://id.wn.com/Daud
http://es.wn.com/David
http://ru.wn.com/Давид
http://nl.wn.com/Koning David
http://pl.wn.com/Dawid (król Izraela)
http://fr.wn.com/David (Bible)
http://de.wn.com/David (Israel)
http://pt.wn.com/David
http://hi.wn.com/दाउद
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the American journalist. For the talk show, see Charlie Rose (talk show). For other people with the same name, see Charlie Rose (disambiguation).
| Charlie Rose | |
|---|---|
 Rose in May 2010 |
|
| Born | Charles Peete Rose, Jr. (1942-01-05) January 5, 1942 (age 70) Henderson, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Education | Duke University B.A. (1964) Duke University J.D. (1968) |
| Occupation | Talk show host Journalist |
| Years active | 1972–present |
| Notable credit(s) | Charlie Rose, 60 Minutes II, 60 Minutes, CBS News Nightwatch, CBS This Morning |
| Website | |
| http://www.charlierose.com/ | |
Charles Peete "Charlie" Rose, Jr. (born January 5, 1942)[1] is an American television talk show host and journalist. Since 1991 he has hosted Charlie Rose, an interview show distributed nationally by PBS since 1993. He has also co-anchored CBS This Morning since January 2012. Rose, along with Lara Logan, has hosted the revived CBS classic Person to Person, a news program during which celebrities are interviewed in their homes, originally hosted from 1953 to 1961 by Edward R. Murrow.[2]
Contents |
Early life[link]
Rose was born in Henderson, North Carolina, the only child[3] of Margaret Frazier and Charles Peete Rose, Sr., tobacco farmers who owned a country store.[4][5] As a child, Rose lived above his parents' store in Henderson and helped out with the family business from age seven.[6] Rose admitted in a Fresh Dialogues interview that as a child his insatiable curiosity was constantly getting him in trouble.[7] A high school basketball star, Rose entered Duke University intending to pursue a degree with a pre-med track, but an internship in the office of Democratic North Carolina Senator B. Everett Jordan got him interested in politics.[8] Rose graduated in 1964 with a bachelor's degree in history. At Duke, he was a member of the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity. He earned a Juris Doctor from the Duke University School of Law in 1968.[6] He met his wife, Mary (née King), while attending Duke.[3][4]
Career[link]
After his wife was hired by the BBC (in New York), Rose handled some assignments for the BBC on a freelance basis. In 1972, while continuing to work at Bankers Trust, he landed a job as a weekend reporter for WPIX-TV. His break came in 1974, after Bill Moyers hired Rose as managing editor for the PBS series Bill Moyers' International Report. In 1975, Moyers named Rose executive producer of Bill Moyers Journal. Rose soon began appearing on camera. "A Conversation with Jimmy Carter," one installment of Moyers's series U.S.A.: People and Politics, won a 1976 Peabody Award. Rose worked at several networks honing his interview skills until KXAS-TV in Dallas-Fort Worth hired him as program manager and gave him the late-night time slot that would become the Charlie Rose show.
Rose worked for CBS News (1984–1990) as the anchor of CBS News Nightwatch, the network's first late-night news broadcast. The Nightwatch broadcast of Rose's interview with Charles Manson won an Emmy Award in 1987.[4] In 1990, Rose left CBS to serve as anchor of Personalities, a syndicated program produced by Fox Broadcasting Company, but he got out of his contract after six weeks because of the tabloid-style content of the show. Charlie Rose premiered on PBS station Thirteen/WNET on September 30, 1991, and has been nationally syndicated since January 1993. In 1994, Rose moved the show to a studio owned by Bloomberg Television, which allowed for improved satellite interviewing.[9]
Rose was a correspondent for 60 Minutes II[10] from its inception in January 1999 until its cancellation in September 2005, and was later named a correspondent on 60 Minutes.[11]
Rose was a member of the board of directors of Citadel Broadcasting Corporation from 2003 to 2009.[3] In May 2010, Charlie Rose delivered the commencement address at North Carolina State University.
On November 15, 2011, it was announced that Rose would return to CBS to help anchor CBS This Morning, replacing The Early Show, commencing January 9, 2012, along with co-anchors Erica Hill and Gayle King.
Cameo appearances[link]
Rose has appeared as himself in the 1998 film Primary Colors,[12] in a 2000 episode of The Simpsons[13] and in the 2008 movie Elegy.[14] He and his show were also used in the Wes Anderson film The Royal Tenenbaums. He also appears as himself in the 2011 George Clooney directed film, The Ides of March.
[edit] Accusations of conflict of interest
While hosting the 2002 Coca-Cola Company shareholders' meeting, Rose said "few companies are able to connect as completely with consumers in the way that Coca-Cola is. It is a privilege to be associated with [The Coca-Cola family] ... This is the business of Coca-Cola: being part of a family, being worldwide, doing well and doing good at the same time."[15] Afterward, Coca-Cola agreed to become what Rose called "a leading underwriter" of The Charlie Rose Show, paying "six or possibly seven figures."[16] Even the Charlie Rose mugs used on his PBS show feature a Coca-Cola logo on one side.[17][18] Although CBS News policy bars correspondents from doing commercials and product endorsements, the Washington Post reported CBS was "comfortable" with Rose's actions. Rose insists he "would never do a story on 60 Minutes II about anybody who underwrites my PBS show."[16]
[edit] Quiet influence
The New York Times reported that Rose encouraged a discussion between the leaders of NBC and Fox, that led eventually to a mutual reduction in ad hominem attacks between Keith Olbermann and Bill O'Reilly on their respective news programs.[19]
Rose has attended several Bilderberg Group conference meetings, including meetings held in the United States in 2008;[20] Spain in 2010;[21] and Switzerland in 2011.[22] These unofficial conferences hold guests from North America and Western Europe, most of whom are political leaders and businessmen. Details of meetings are closed off to the public and strictly invitation-only, and critics[who?] speculate the controversial nature of these meetings of highly influential people. Accusations from conspiracy theorists against The Charlie Rose show claim that it has become the US media outlet for Bilderberg.[23][unreliable source?]
Personal life[link]
Rose's twelve-year marriage to Mary Rose (née King) ended in divorce in 1980. Mary is the sister-in-law of Morgan Stanley Chairman John J. Mack. Since 1993, his companion has been socialite and chairman of the New York City Planning Commission and director of the city department of planning Amanda Burden, a stepdaughter of CBS founder William S. Paley.[24]
On March 29, 2006, after experiencing shortness of breath in Syria, Rose was flown to Paris and underwent surgery for mitral valve repair in the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital. His surgery was performed under the supervision of Alain F. Carpentier, a pioneer of the procedure.[25] Rose returned to the air on June 12, 2006, with Bill Moyers and Yvette Vega (the show's executive producer), to discuss his surgery and recuperation.
In a 2009 Fresh Dialogues interview, Rose described his life as "great and glorious."[7] He added, '"I get up every morning with a new adventure. The adventure is fueled by interesting people. I get a chance to control my own destiny. I do something that is immediately either appreciated or not. I get feedback."
Rose owns a 575-acre (2.33 km2) farm in Oxford, North Carolina, an apartment overlooking Central Park in New York City, a beach house in Bellport, New York, an apartment in Washington D.C.[3] and an apartment in Paris, France.
References[link]
- ^ Marks, Peter (January 5, 1993). "The Love Cult of Charlie Rose". Newsday: p. 42.
- ^ "Charlie Rose, Lara Logan on "Person to Person". Person to Person (CBS News). February 8, 2012. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505383_162-57373639/charlie-rose-lara-logan-on-person-to-person/. Retrieved May 3, 2012.
- ^ a b c d Kaplan, David A. (September 28, 2009). "Why business loves Charlie Rose". Fortune. http://money.cnn.com/2009/09/25/magazines/fortune/charlie_rose.fortune/index.htm?section=money_latest. Retrieved December 18, 2009.
- ^ a b c O'Shaughnessy, Elise (September 1993). "The Fame of the Rose". Vanity Fair 56 (9): pp. 172–181. ISSN 0733-8899.
- ^ "Charlie Rose Biography (1942–)". Filmreference.com. January 5, 1942. http://www.filmreference.com/film/1/Charlie-Rose.html. Retrieved December 8, 2011.
- ^ a b Charlie Rose biography from Bloomberg News
- ^ a b van Diggelen, Alison (February 26, 2009). "Transcript of Interview with Charlie Rose". Fresh Dialogues. http://www.freshdialogues.com/2009/02/26/transcript-of-fresh-dialogues-with-charlie-rose/. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
- ^ The North Carolina Awards: Charlie Rose (1942 -) Public Service 2007 from the website of the State Library of North Carolina
- ^ Charlie Rose, Bloomberg News
- ^ 60 Minutes II profile from CBS News
- ^ "Charlie Rose". CBS News. January 17, 2008. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/01/17/60minutes/bios/main3725276.shtml. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
- ^ Charlie Rose at the Internet Movie Database
- ^ Nancy Basile. ""The Simpsons" Episode Guide – Season Eleven". About.com. http://animatedtv.about.com/od/thesimpsonsepisodes/a/epguidesimp11.htm. Retrieved September 12, 2008.
- ^ Leslie Felperin (February 10, 2008). "Review of Elegy". Variety. http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=festivals&jump=review&id=2478&reviewid=VE1117936157&starting=1. Retrieved August 8, 2008.
- ^ audio, aired on Le Show
- ^ a b Lloyd Grove, "The Reliable Source," Washington Post, April 23, 2002, C03
- ^ Orange County Weekly, January 24, 2003
- ^ Fear & Favor 2003: How power shapes the news, Extra!, FAIR, March/April 2003
- ^ Stelter, Brian (August 1, 2009). "Voices From Above Silence a Cable TV Feud". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/01/business/media/01feud.html. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
- ^ Fobes, Stefan (June 23, 2008). "My analysis of Bilderberg 2008". A War of Illusions. WordPress.com. http://warofillusions.wordpress.com/2008/06/23/my-analysis-of-bilderberg-2008. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ^ "Bilderberg 2010 list of participants". BilderbergMeetings.org. http://www.bilderbergmeetings.org/participants_2010.html. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ^ "Bilderberg 2011 list of participants". BilderbergMeetings.org. http://www.bilderbergmeetings.org/participants_2011.html. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ^ Newman, Alex (June 12, 2011). "Awareness of Bilderberg Cabal Explodes in 2011". The New American. http://thenewamerican.com/world-mainmenu-26/europe-mainmenu-35/7841-awareness-of-bilderberg-cabal-explodes-in-2011. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ^ Gardner, Ralph (May 13, 2002). "Social Planner". Nymag.com. http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/politics/newyork/features/6005/. Retrieved December 8, 2011.
- ^ Kaplan, David A. (September 28, 2009). "Why business loves Charlie Rose". CNN. http://money.cnn.com/2009/09/25/magazines/fortune/charlie_rose.fortune/index.htm?postversion=2009092811. Retrieved December 8, 2011.
External links[link]
 |
This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into footnote references. (March 2012) |
- Charlie Rose Official website of his eponymous show
- Charlie Rose official channel on YouTube
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Charlie Rose at the Internet Movie Database
- Charlie Rose collected news and commentary at the Los Angeles Times
- Charlie Rose collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Charlie Rose at the Notable Names Database
- Charlie Rose shows on Hulu
- celebritynetworth.com, Celebrity Net Worth, Charlie Rose
- Why Business Loves Charlie Rose David A. Kaplan, Fortune, September 28, 2009
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Rose, Charlie |
| Alternative names | Rose, Charles Peete, Jr. |
| Short description | American TV interviewer and journalist |
| Date of birth | 1942-01-05 |
| Place of birth | Henderson, North Carolina |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Charlie_Rose
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Роуз, Чарли
http://fr.wn.com/Charlie Rose
http://de.wn.com/Charlie Rose
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Rose
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Romeo Miller | |
|---|---|
 Miller in 2009 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Percy Romeo Miller, Jr.[1] |
| Also known as | Lil' Romeo, Rome, Romeo |
| Born | (1989-08-19) August 19, 1989 (age 22)[1] New Orleans, Louisiana, United States[1] |
| Genres | Hip hop |
| Occupations | Rapper Model Basketball player Entrepreneur Actor |
| Years active | 2001–present |
| Labels | No Limit (2001–2002) Priority (2001–2002) The New No Limit (2002–2004) Universal (2002–2003) E1 (2004–2005) Guttar Music (2005–2006) Take A Stand (2007–present) The Next Generation (CEO) (2010–present) No Limit Forever (CEO) (2010–present) |
| Website | romeoforever.com |
Percy Romeo Miller, Jr. (born August 19, 1989),[2] better known by his stage name Romeo (previously Lil' Romeo), is an American rapper, actor, basketball player, entrepreneur, and model. As a rap musician, Miller has released three studio albums and two compilation albums.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Romeo Miller was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He is the son of rapper and entrepreneur Master P and former rapper Sonya C. He is the nephew of rappers C-Murder and Silkk the Shocker and the brother of singer Cymphonique. Romeo was signed to No Limit at the age of 5 after he wrote a rap to his dad.
Music career[link]
[edit] Lil' Romeo (2001)
He then released his debut album 7 years later titled after his original alias Lil' Romeo. This offering contained the hit single "My Baby" that charted No. 1 on the Hot R&B/Hip-hop Singles. The album peaked at No. 6 on the Billboard 200 and No. 5 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums,selling more than 500,000 copies the first week out making it certified Gold. The album is now certified certified Platinum by the RIAA for the sales of 1,300,000. Also in 2001 he was featured on his uncle Silkk the Shocker's remix single of "That's Kool", which was also featured on his own album.
[edit] Game Time (2002–2003)
In 2002, a year later after his debut album, Miller put out his second studio album, Game Time. It peaked at No. 33 on the Billboard 200 and No. 10 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums selling close to a 110,000 copies the first week .[1] It spawned the billboard charting single "2-Way" that charted to No. 66 Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. It also spawned the album second single "True Love" which charted at No. 16 under the Hot 100 Singles. Though not as successful on the charts as Miller's debut album It still was successful in sales certified 2x Platinum, selling 2,430,785 copies making this Miller's highest selling album.
[edit] Romeoland (2004–2007)
In 2004, miller released his third studio album Romeoland, which was not as successful as his last two albums selling 50,000 the first week, but still managed to be certified Gold selling over 459,000 copies in the United States.[1] It was also the last studio album to feature Miller billed as Lil' Romeo. In 2005 Romeo along with his brother Valentino Miller who was known as Young V at that time and their three cousins C-Los, Lil' D & Willie J formed the group Rich Boyz & released their debut album Young Ballers: The Hood Been Good to Us. In 2006 Miller released a compilation album entitled Greatest Hits the album featured all of his hit songs when Miller was billed as Lil' Romeo. In 2006 Romeo released the two albums Lottery & God's Gift on the new label owned by himself and his father Master P, entitled Guttar Music. Lottery served as Millers first independent release while God's Gift served as a soundtrack to a movie with the same name. God's Gift was also Miller's first album to use the name Romeo and to have explicit language.[1] The two albums were also known for containing Miller's single "U Can't Shine Like Me" which was a direct response to Bow Wow, who fans thought dissed Miller in his song "Fresh Azimiz". In 2007 Miller released a collaboration album with his father Master P titled Hip Hop History it sold 32,000 records worldwide.
[edit] Intelligent Hoodlum (2008–present)
In 2008 Miller stated he was working on his fourth studio album entitled Gumbo Station.[3] On June 17, 2008 Miller released the first single from the album which was "Get Low wit It" which featured Akon & his brother Valentino Miller it failed to gain success on the Billboard charts.[4]
On March 3, 2009 Romeo released a compilation entitled Get Low LP that contained songs that were supposed to be on Gumbo Station. It debuted at No. 149 on the Billboard 200 and as of May 5, 2009 it has sold over 20,000 copies. In 2010 Romeo confirmed that he was still working on his fourth studio album but he changed the name of the album to The College Boy. Romeo then announced that the title of the album was going to be I Am No Limit.
On January 19, 2010 Romeo released the first promotional single for the album entitled "Tell Me A Million Times" that featured Tempo.[5] Then on January 26, 2010 Romeo released the second promotional single for the album entitled "Ice Cream Man Jr." which was a tribute to his dad Master P.[6] On February 16, 2010 Miller released his debut mixtape Patience Is A Virtue to promote the album.[7] Then on March 2, 2010 Romeo released two EPs to promote the album which were the Famous Girl & Monster/Practice.[8][9] Also In 2010 Miller debuted his newly founded record label The Next Generation Entertainment with his new group the College Boyys.[10] They released a collaboration album on May 25, 2010 entitled Spring Break which sold over 200,000 copies worldwide.[11][dead link] Miller also on this day released three singles which were "You" that featured D'Anna & Lil Twist, "She Bad" that featured Millers cousins Lil' D & Black Don & "They Dont Know" but all of the singles failed to reach the charts.[12][13][14] Romeo also performed at the 2010 Hip Hop Honors along with his brother Valentino Miller, his cousins Lil' D & Black Don, & his uncle Silkk The Shocker, along with Trina, Gucci Mane & Mystikal to honor his dad Master P & No Limit Records.[15] In late 2010 Romeo relaunched No Limit as No Limit Forever Romeo also confirmed that he has changed the name of the album from I Am No Limit to Intelligent Hoodlum.[16]
In 2011 It was confirmed that Romeo is going on a new tour with his dad Master P & his uncle Silkk the Shocker the tour is entitled ”No Limit Forever International".[17] On January 11, 2011 Romeo released his EP Dont Push Me.[18] On May 3, 2011 Romeo released the first official single from Intelligent Hoodlum which is "Famous Girl (Remix)" which is really the mastered version of the original it still features appearances from Sean Kingston & Miller's cousin Black Don.[19] On August 19, 2011 Romeo released his I Am No Limit mixtape which was originally supposed to be his fourth studio album before it got changed but Miller just decided it would be best to just release it as a mixtape for his fans.[20][21][22]
In 2012 Romeo formed a new group called RESQ3 they released their first single "The Only One" & supposed to be releasing a album in some time.[23] Even though Romeo has created his new group he is still working & planning on releasing his fourth studio album Intelligent Hoodlum. On April 12, 2012 he released his first single from the album entitled "Hug Me Forever" which features his brother Valentino & his artist Kyros & has already shot the official music video for it.[24] On May 19, 2012 Romeo released the music video for "Hug Me Forever" it was directed by Corey Molina of Creative Dream Productions.[25]
Other ventures[link]
Acting career[link]
Miller started his acting career with a cameo appearance in the 2001 film Max Keeble's Big Move, as himself.[26] He later co-starred with Jessica Alba, Mekhi Phifer and Zachary Isaiah Williams in the film Honey (2003). In Honey, his character was Benny, a young boy looking for a break.[27] Also in 2003, he voiced himself on an episode of the animated series, Static Shock, to which he had performed the theme song.[28] He co-starred with his dad in a movie called Uncle P in 2005.[citation needed] He also starred in another movie with Zachary Isaiah Williams, God's Gift, which came out in 2006. Recently, he made a cameo appearance, as himself, in Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide as a rapping coach for the teachers. Then in 2007 he starred in film ASL as himself, Rome, alongside Forrest Lipton and Zachary Isaiah Williams who played the young Romeo; Lil Romey and had also previously starred with Romeo in Honey and Nickelodeon's Romeo!. He guest-starred as a rapper accused of murder in the 2010 CBS series, The Defenders and acted in the highly successful film, Jumping the Broom, released in May 2011. In 2011, he also starred in TV commercials for McDonald's & ICDC Colleges.
Fashion designer[link]
On July 24, 2010 Romeo launched his own clothing line titled "College Boyys", which has also been promoted by Miller & his new group the College Boyys. It has also been promoted by artists such as Justin Bieber, Big Time Rush & Jaden Smith.[29] Romeo stated
| “ | "When I was a kid, i used to lick markers on my t-shirt ‘I’m going to college’ and that imprint stuck in my head and made a difference to me in my life, turning it into a reality. I want to implant the same positive message to young boys as they dress themselves each day with a feeling of success. They can look in the mirror at themselves with a positive goal in mind for their bright future knowing that going to college can make a big difference in their lives.” College Boyys clothing style is classy, cool, and urban with a message: “It’s actually cool to be smart." | ” |
Basketball career[link]
| Percy Miller, Jr. | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| College | USC |
| Conference | Pac-10 |
| Sport | Basketball |
| Position | Point guard |
| Jersey # | 15 |
| Nickname | Romeo, Prince P |
| Height | 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) |
| Weight | 170 lb (77 kg) |
| Nationality | American |
| Born | (1989-08-19) August 19, 1989 (age 22) New Orleans, Louisiana |
| High school | Beverly Hills High School |
| Tournaments | |
| 2009 NCAA Tournament | |
Romeo was invited, in the summer of 2006, to the Reebok-sponsored ABCD Camp, which is considered the premier basketball camp in the United States. The Teaneck, New Jersey-based ABCD Camp is an invitation-only basketball showcase previously attended by high-profile players including Kobe Bryant, Stephon Marbury, Tracy McGrady, LeBron James and Carmelo Anthony. Surrounded by future NBA players such as O. J. Mayo, Derrick Rose, and Kevin Love, Miller looked out of place and averaged less than 2 points a game throughout the camp. The Wall Street Journal made an article on March 8, entitled "A Hot Prospect," cites Sonny Vaccaro, the longtime director of the ABCD Camp, as explaining, "he invited Romeo Miller to the 2006 camp, primarily as a favor to Percy Miller, whom he knew from the club basketball circuit." In the article, Vaccaro indicated, "If you're looking for the profile of an athlete who plays basketball at USC, he's not it."[30]
On April 13, 2007, Miller verbally committed to the University of Southern California (USC) and signed a letter of intent on November 19, 2007.
Miller, a 5'11" point guard, was a four year starter at Beverly Hills High School. As a junior during the 2005–2006 high school season he averaged 13.9 points and 5.6 assists per game.[31][32] As a senior during the 2006–2007 high school season he averaged 8.6 points and 9.0 assists per game.[30][31]
According to The Wall Street Journal, it appears the decision to grant Miller a full scholarship at USC was largely driven by his relationship with friend and teammate Demar DeRozan, the 6-foot-6 All-American forward who was rated as the number five prospect in the country on Scout.com. The Wall Street Journal reported Coach Tim Floyd as saying, "Last April...Percy Miller called while driving both players from a tournament in Fayetteville, Ark...Percy Miller said 'Demar and Romeo are ready to make their decision, and would you like to have them both on scholarship?'...'I said absolutely.'"[30] Miller and DeRozan began playing in the 2008–2009 season.
Modeling career[link]
On December 27 Romeo modeled for a new 2011 calendar.[33] On April 10, 2011 Miller modeled for the April issue of TROIX magazine.[34] On April 12, 2011 Miller modeled again for some new pictures.[35] He also modeled with the singer-songwriter Chynna Terrell.
Dancing with the Stars[link]
After originally withdrawing from season two of Dancing with the Stars due to an injury,[36] Romeo competed in season twelve.[37] He was partnered with professional dancer, Chelsie Hightower. They were eliminated from the show on May 10, 2011 and finished in the Top 5, one week before the semi-final.
| Week # | Dance/Song | Judges' score | Result | ||
| Inaba | Goodman | Tonioli | |||
| 1 | Cha-Cha-Cha/ "Romeo" | 7 | 6 | 6 | No Elimination |
| 2 | Quickstep/ "You're the One That I Want" | 7 | 8 | 8 | Safe |
| 3 | Rumba/ "I'll Be There" | 7 | 6 | 7 | Safe |
| 4 | Paso Doble/ "Palladio, First Movement" | 7 | 8 | 8 | Safe |
| 5 | Foxtrot/ "New York, New York" | 9 | 8 | 9 | Safe |
| 6 | Waltz/ "My Heart Will Go On" | 10 | 9 | 9 | Safe |
| 7 | Cha-Cha-Cha/ ""Born This Way"" Samba/ "Say Hey (I Love You)" |
8*/8 7*/8 |
7 7 |
7 8 |
Safe |
| 8 | Tango/"Hold It Against Me" Salsa/"Tequila" |
9 8 |
9 9 |
9 8 |
Eliminated |
- In week 7, Donnie Burns was the guest judge and scored the dances.
Personal life[link]
Miller attended Beverly Hills High School in Beverly Hills, California. Romeo sponsors "Loco Tonic", an energy drink he mentions in his newer songs. In 2008, Romeo was ranked No. 18 in the most fit men in the world. Miller was born on Aug. 19, 1989 in New Orleans, La. He is the oldest of seven children from parents Percy, Sr. and Sonya Miller. His father is a business entrepreneur and musician. His father also shares a passion for the game of basketball and signed contracts with the Charlotte Hornets and Toronto Raptors. Percy wears the No. 15 because that is the number his father wore in high school. Miller also believes in giving back to the community and is involved in a variety for charity endeavors and in 2008 along with his father received the key to the city in Memphis in recognition of their "Let the Kids Grow" educational program.
Discography[link]
Main article: Romeo discography
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Filmography[link]
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Felipe Solis is schedule to appear in Romeo's new reality show Romeo & Juliet
Awards and nominations[link]
- Billboard Music Awards
- 2001, Rap Artist of the Year (Winner)
- 2001, Music Videos: My Baby (Winner)
- 2002, R&B/Hip-Hop: My Baby (Winner)
- Kids Choice Awards
- 2004, Favorite Television Actor – Male for: Romeo! (Nominated)
- 2005, Favorite Television Actor – Male for: Romeo! (Winner)
- 2006, Favorite Television Actor – Male for: Romeo! (Nominated)
- Teen Choice Awards
- 2004, Choice Breakout Movie Star – Male for: Honey (Nominated)
- Black Reel Awards
- 2004, Choice Breakout Movie Star – Male for: Honey (Nominated)
- Young Artist Awards
- 2005, Best Performance in a TV Series (Comedy or Drama) – Leading Young Actor: Romeo! (Nominated)
- NAMIC Vision Awards
- 2005, Best Comedic Performance: Romeo! (Nominated)
- Image Awards
- 2005, Outstanding Performance in a Youth/Children's Program – Series or Special: Romeo! (Nominated)
References[link]
- ^ a b c d e f http://www.billboard.com/search/?keyword=romeo&x=0&y=0#/artist/romeo/bio/812607
- ^ Romeo on MSN Music MSN. Accessed July 31, 2008.
- ^ "Romeo Interview | Chat | Li'l Romeo | USC | Gumbo Station | Master P | Pic". Kidzworld.com. http://www.kidzworld.com/article/10347-romeo-interview. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ Side, My (June 17, 2008). "Get Low Wit It (feat. Akon) – EP by Romeo – Download Get Low Wit It (feat. Akon) – EP on iTunes". iTunes Music Store. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/get-low-wit-it-feat-akon/id280745904?i=280745990. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "Tell You a Million Times (feat. Tempo) – Single by Romeo – Download Tell You a Million Times (feat. Tempo) – Single on iTunes". iTunes Music Store. January 19, 2010. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tell-you-million-times-feat/id353904479. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "Ice Cream Man Jr. (feat. Valentino & Black Don) – Single by Romeo – Download Ice Cream Man Jr. (feat. Valentino & Black Don) – Single on iTunes". iTunes Music Store. January 26, 2010. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ice-cream-man-jr-feat-valentino/id353938007. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ Posted by Shaïfizz (February 18, 2010). "Romeo: Go Download "Patience Is A Virtue"". Percyromeomiller.blogspot.com. http://percyromeomiller.blogspot.com/2010/02/go-download-patience-is-virtue.html. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "Monster (feat. Tempo) / Practice – Single by Romeo – Download Monster (feat. Tempo) / Practice – Single on iTunes". iTunes Music Store. March 2, 2010. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/monster-feat-tempo-practice/id362887340. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "Connecting to the iTunes Store". iTunes Music Store. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/famous-girl-feat-sean-kingston/id362885123. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ » by Danielle Canada January 8, 2010, 13:30 pm (January 8, 2010). "Romeo Leaves Basketball Behind, Focuses On New Music « Hip-Hop Wired: Keeping You Informed With The Latest on Hip-Hop Culture, Rappers, Hip Hop News, Rap and Entertainment New". Hiphopwired.com. http://hiphopwired.com/2010/01/08/romeo-leaves-basketball-behind-focuses-on-new-music/. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ Up for Discussion Jump to Forums. "Lil Wayne Cracks 1 Million With 'Tha Carter III'". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003817568#/album/college-boyys/spring-break/1329575/review. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "You (feat. D'anna & Lil' Twist) (Single) by Romeo – Download You (feat. D'anna & Lil' Twist) (Single) on iTunes". iTunes Music Store. May 25, 2010. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/you-feat-lil-twist-danna/id377043640?i=377043656. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "She Bad (feat. Black Don & Lil' D) – Single by Romeo – Download She Bad (feat. Black Don & Lil' D) – Single on iTunes". iTunes Music Store. May 25, 2010. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/she-bad-feat-black-don-lil-d/id377043642?i=377043661. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "They Don't Know (Prod. by Riley J) (Single) by Romeo – Download They Don't Know (Prod. by Riley J) (Single) on iTunes". iTunes Music Store. May 25, 2010. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/they-dont-know-prod-by-riley/id377043709. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ Posted 6/7/10. ""2010: Hip Hop Honors Tribute Performance: Master P" | Show Clip". VH1. http://www.vh1.com/video/shows/2010-hip-hop-honors/525475/2010-hip-hop-honors-tribute-performance-master-p.jhtml. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "ROMEO: Intelligent Hoodlum". No Limit Forever Records. http://nolimitforeverrecords.com/?p=27. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ NO LIMIT FOREVER INTERNATIONAL TOUR – COMING IN 2011! UGHHH! Ft Master P, Silkk , Rome & more! – TTS – Master P, No Limit Records, TRU & No Limit Forever Records[dead link]
- ^ "Don't Push Me by Romeo – Download Don't Push Me on iTunes". iTunes Music Store. January 11, 2011. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/dont-push-me/id413309165. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "Famous Girl (Remix) [feat. Sean Kingston] – Single by Romeo – Download Famous Girl (Remix) [feat. Sean Kingston] – Single on iTunes". iTunes Music Store. May 3, 2011. http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/famous-girl-remix-feat-sean/id434317312. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "Video: Romeo – I Am No Limit [Behind The Scenes Footage]". Ilovepwnage.com. http://www.ilovepwnage.com/video.php?v=MjM5Mjk. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "Romeo – I Am No Limit Hosted by No Limit // Free Mixtape @". Datpiff.com. August 19, 2011. http://www.datpiff.com/Romeo-I-Am-No-Limit-mixtape.262809.html. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ (August 19, 2011). "Romeo – I Am No Limit @ HotNewHipHop". Hotnewhiphop.com. http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/en/view-album/21222-i-am-no-limit. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0rLW0saOpA
- ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgKkAynLb78
- ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5ywpEALPCU
- ^ Max Keeble's Big Move (2001) – Full cast and crew IMDB. Accessed August 29, 2008.
- ^ (November 19, 2002). It's a Wrap for "Honey" About.com. Accessed August 29, 2008.
- ^ IMDB
- ^ "Romeo Miller’s College Boyys Designs Offer Affordable Clothing With A Message For Young Boys". Hip Hop Press. July 24, 2010. http://www.hiphoppress.com/2010/07/romeo-millers-college-boyys-designs-offer-affordable-clothing-with-a-message-for-young-boys.html. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ a b c Jon Weinbach (March 7, 2008). A Hot Prospect? The Wall Street Journal. Accessed July 28, 2008.
- ^ a b Player Bio: Percy Miller USC Trojans' Men's Basketball. Accessed May 21, 2010.
- ^ Antracia Merrill-Moorings, Lil Romeo to shoot hoops for USC, Frost Illustrated. Accessed May 6, 2007.
- ^ Posted by Shaïfizz (December 7, 2010). "Romeo: Buy Romeo's New Calendar 2011!!!". Percyromeomiller.blogspot.com. http://percyromeomiller.blogspot.com/2010/12/buy-romeos-new-calendar-2011.html. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "Behind the scenes video w/ Romeo Miller in the APRIL issue of TROIX available 4/11! Romeo is featured in this issue with the famous Bulldog puppy "ShrinkAbull Titan Of Troix"". Romeo Forever. http://romeoforever.com/?p=291. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "New Romeo Pics". Romeo Forever. http://romeoforever.com/?p=299. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ "ABC's 'Dancing with the Stars 2' replaces Romeo with Master P". Realitytvworld.com. December 14, 2005. http://www.realitytvworld.com/news/abc-dancing-with-stars-2-replaces-romeo-with-master-p-1006564.php. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ Barrett, Annie (February 28, 2011). "'Dancing with the Stars' cast revealed: Ralph Macchio, Kirstie Alley, Kendra Wilkinson and more". Entertainment Weekly. http://insidetv.ew.com/2011/02/28/dancing-with-the-stars-cast-ralph-macchio/. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ Lil' Romeo
- ^ "Out of Jimmy's Head" Lunch Tables (TV episode 2008) – IMDb
- ^ [1][dead link]
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Romeo Miller |
- Official website
- USC Athletics Player Biography: No. 15 Percy Miller
- Romeo Miller's channel on YouTube
- Romeo on Myspace
- Romeo Miller on Twitter
- Romeo at the Internet Movie Database
- Photos from Shrink-A-Bulls
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Miller, Romeo |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American rapper, actor and basketball player |
| Date of birth | August 19, 1989 |
| Place of birth | New Orleans, Louisiana, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Romeo_Miller
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Lil' Romeo
http://pt.wn.com/Romeo Miller
http://de.wn.com/Romeo (Rapper)
http://it.wn.com/Lil' Romeo
http://pl.wn.com/Lil' Romeo
http://es.wn.com/Lil' Romeo
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romeo_Miller
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Kyra Phillips | |
|---|---|
 Kyra Phillips, March 2009 |
|
| Born | (1968-08-08) August 8, 1968 (age 43) |
| Occupation | News Anchor |
| Notable credit(s) | AP Reporter of the Year, 1997 |
| Title | Anchor |
| Website | |
| http://www.cnn.com/CNN/anchors_reporters/phillips.kyra.html | |
Kyra Phillips (born August 8, 1968) is an American news anchor, currently on the weekday edition of CNN Newsroom.
Contents |
Early life and career[link]
Phillips was born in North Carolina. She grew up in San Diego and graduated from Helix High School.[1] She received her Bachelor's degree in journalism from University of Southern California. Among her first jobs in broadcasting were the positions of weekend anchor and reporter for WLUK-TV in Green Bay, Wisconsin before moving on to WDSU-TV in New Orleans, Louisiana in 1994. Phillips has also held positions as morning anchor for KAMC-TV in Lubbock, Texas, field producer for CNN-Telemundo’s Washington, D.C. offices and a journalist of the special assignment unit of KCBS-TV in Los Angeles, California. In her spare time, Phillips participates in Big Brothers Big Sisters of America and has been doing so since 1992.[2]
Career at CNN[link]
Phillips joined CNN in 1999. During her early years at CNN, Phillips was granted access to U.S. Navy Air Wing CVW-9 in 2001 as they prepared for the war in Afghanistan. In January 2002, Phillips spent about a month in Antarctica to work on a television documentary to be featured on the program abc Presents. Later in 2002, Phillips produced reports focusing on the U.S. Navy’s reconnaissance missions from the USS Paul Hamilton, the Navy’s Special Operations Command, the Navy SEALs, and Special Warfare Combatant Crewman training, riding in an F-14 Tomcat during an air-to-air combat mission over the Persian Gulf. She has also participated in the Navy’s TOPGUN school, SWAT training, and other police and weapons training.
In 2003, she was an embedded journalist during the 2003 invasion of Iraq, where she reported from the USS Abraham Lincoln.
On September 22, 2006, Phillips was the last journalist to fly in an F-14 Tomcat before its official retirement from service in the U.S. Navy.[3]
Phillips co-anchored CNN Radio's November 4, 2008 election coverage with Capitol Hill correspondent Lisa Desjardins.
On August 2, 2010, Phillips filled in for a vacationing Larry King on Larry King Live.
Criticisms[link]
Kyra Phillips was criticized for her insensitivity during an April 16, 2003 interview with Dr Imad al-Najada, the doctor of Ali Ismail Abbas, a 12-year-old boy who lost 15 relatives and both arms when a U.S. missile hit his home in Baghdad.[4][5] Joan Walsh, news editor of Salon.com, wrote:[6]
"CNN hit rock bottom on Wednesday morning, when anchor Kyra Phillips interviewed Ali's doctor in Kuwait, Dr Imad al- Najada explained that, although Ali told reporters he was grateful for his treatment, he also hopes no other 'children in the war will suffer like what he suffered'. Phillips seemed shocked by Ali's apparent inability to understand we were only trying to help him. 'Doctor, does he understand why this war took place? Has he talked about Operation Iraqi Freedom and the meaning. Does he understand it?'"
Discussing live images of the 2006 labor protests in France, in which it was later determined that no one was killed, she said that the images of the demonstrations "Sort of brings back memories of Tiananmen Square, when you saw these activists in front of tanks."[7] CNN's Chris Burns told French Foreign Minister Philippe Douste-Blazy that her comments were "regrettable."[8]
On a CNN segment aired on April 21, 2005, one of her guests claimed that research showed that it was "a proven fact" that "children in same-sex couple homes are 11 times more likely to be abused sexually." In an article explaining how dubious and misleading statistics enter the national discourse with little notice, the Wall Street Journal columnist, Carl Bialik, later determined the figure to have been derived from research published in Psychological Reports by Dr. Paul Cameron. Cameron's research has been criticized by other scientists for statistical flaws as well as for being both a researcher and an advocate for anti-gay agendas. Phillips called it a "bold statement" and gave the other guest with an opposing view an immediate opportunity to respond to the assertion.[9] Kelly McBride, ethics group leader at the Poynter Institute, criticized Phillips for failing to challenge the statement, and said it is the responsibility of the anchor to ask pointed questions when such numbers are stated as fact. "This is one of the faults of live TV," McBride said. "It is the anchor’s job to push back. You have to have the skills to question. The idea is not to say 'yes, this is right,' or 'no, this is wrong,' but to give the audience some kind of context of where the research comes from."[10]
Mishap[link]
On August 29, 2006, during a CNN broadcast of President George W. Bush's speech on the first anniversary of Hurricane Katrina's landfall, Phillips' microphone was left on while she was in the washroom. Portions of a personal conversation were broadcast live, during which Phillips offered advice on men, criticized her sister-in-law for being a "control freak", and praised her then-husband.[11][12][13][14] The conversation audio was mixed with the President's audio feed and both were discernible. Daryn Kagan broke into Phillips' comments with an audio recap of Bush's speech. CNN immediately apologized for the on-air gaffe.[15] Phillips later appeared on CBS' Late Show with David Letterman poking fun at herself in retrospect.[14][15]
Awards[link]
In 1997 Phillips was named Reporter of the Year by the Associated Press.[2] She has also won four Emmy Awards and two Edward R. Murrow Awards for investigative reporting.[2]
Personal[link]
Previously married, in 2010 Phillips became engaged to Fox News correspondent John Roberts.[16][17] She gave birth to their twins on March 15, 2011[18][19]
Phillips' parents are both teachers.[1]
References[link]
- ^ a b Blair, Tom (October 15, 2010). "The high cost of losing . . .". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on November 18, 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/63IH7XFKm.
- ^ a b c "CNN TV - Anchors/Reporters:Kyra Phillips". http://www.cnn.com/CNN/anchors_reporters/phillips.kyra.html. Retrieved 2010-05-07.
- ^ "CNN.com". CNN. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0609/22/cnr.05.html. Retrieved 2010-05-07.
- ^ Siddharth Varadarajan (2003-25-17). "Ungrateful Ali: Painful Paradox of Embedded Freedom". Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/cms.dll/html/uncomp/articleshow?msid=44399440. Retrieved 2007-03-29.
- ^ "Media Watch: Saving Ali". ABC Australia. 2003-04-21. http://www.abc.net.au/mediawatch/transcripts/s836791.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-29.
- ^ Joan Walsh (2003-04-17). "The unfortunate poster boy". Salon.com. http://www.salon.com/opinion/feature/2003/04/17/ali_abbas/index.html. Retrieved 2007-03-29.
- ^ "French protests 'Tiananmen'". FIN24. 2006-03-28. http://www.fin24.co.za/articles/companies/display_article.aspx?Nav=ns&lvl2=comp&ArticleID=1518-1783_1906730. Retrieved 2007-03-29.
- ^ "OBSERVER: Just a little comment". Financial Times. 30 March 2006. pp. page 14. http://search.ft.com/iab?queryText=%22Chris%20Burns%22&y=11&aje=true&x=14&id=060330000834&location=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.ft.com%2FftArticle%3FqueryText%3D%2522Chris+Burns%2522%26y%3D11%26aje%3Dtrue%26x%3D14%26id%3D060330000834&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.ft.com%2Fsearch%3FqueryText%3D%22Chris+Burns%22. Retrieved 2007-03-29.
- ^ Carl Bialik (April 28, 2005). "Debate Over Gay Foster Parents Shines Light on a Dubious Stat". Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/public/article/SB111461604615918400.html. Retrieved 2007-03-29.
- ^ Dyana Bagby (13 May 2005). "Anti-gay numbers game". Southern Voice. http://www.southernvoice.com/2005/5-13/view/actionalert/action.cfm. Retrieved 2007-03-29.
- ^ Tim Reid (2006-08-31). "Who wants to listen to Bush when you can hear what Kyra thinks of her control freak sister-in-law?". London: TimesOnline. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article623383.ece. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ David Cox and Gethin Chamberlain (2006-09-03). "If anyone's a control freak here, it's Kyra". London: Telegraph.co.uk. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1527930/If-anyones-a-control-freak-here-its-Kyra.html. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ Brian Unger (2008-07-28). "How To Avoid A Hot Mic Disaster". National Public Radio. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=92993523. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ a b The Associated Press (2006-09-01). "Flushing CNN Anchor Goes on Letterman". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/01/AR2006090100482.html. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ a b Dan Collins (2006-09-01). "CNN's Kyra Phillips Laughs It Off". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/08/30/entertainment/main1948951.shtml. Retrieved 2009-03-31.
- ^ Huffington Post
- ^ TV Newser
- ^ http://celebritybabies.people.com/2010/10/28/kyra-phillips-john-roberts-cnn-expecting-twins/?xid=rss-topheadlines
- ^ http://celebritybabies.people.com/ Celebrity Babies - People.com
External links[link]
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Phillips, Kyra |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1968-08-08 |
| Place of birth | Illinois |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Kyra_Phillips
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Филлипс, Кайра
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyra_Phillips
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
