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Alexandria
http://wn.com/Alexandria -
Alexandria, Egypt
http://wn.com/Alexandria_Egypt -
Cairo
Cairo (; , literally "The Vanquisher" or "The Conqueror") is the capital of Egypt, the largest city in Africa and the Arab World, and one of the most densely populated cities in the world. Nicknamed "The City of a Thousand Minarets" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture, Cairo has long been a center of the region's political and cultural life. Even before Cairo was established in the 10th century, the land composing the present-day city was the site of national capitals whose remnants remain visible in parts of Old Cairo. Cairo is also associated with Ancient Egypt due to its proximity to the Great Sphinx and the pyramids in adjacent Giza.
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Egypt
http://wn.com/Egypt -
France
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/France -
Hollywood
Hollywood is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California - situated west-northwest of Downtown Los Angeles. Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center of movie studios and movie stars, the word "Hollywood" is often used as a metonym of American cinema, and is often interchangeably used to refer to the greater Los Angeles area in general. The nicknames StarStruck Town and Tinseltown refer to Hollywood and its movie industry. Today, much of the movie industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as the Westside neighborhood, but significant auxiliary industries, such as editing, effects, props, post-production, and lighting companies remain in Hollywood, as does the backlot of Paramount Pictures.
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Israel
http://wn.com/Israel -
Lebanon
Lebanon ( or ; ; ), officially the Republic of Lebanon (Arabic: ; French: ), is a country on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland has dictated its rich history, and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity.
http://wn.com/Lebanon -
Nasr City
Nasr City () is a district of Cairo, Egypt. It is located to the east of the Cairo Governorate and consists mostly of condominiums. It was established in the 1960s as an extension to neighboring suburb of Heliopolis. The establishment of the district was part of the Egyptian Government's plan to modernise and expand Cairo following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952. Gamal Abdel Nasser, the Egyptian President at the time, was involved personally in the design process, and was the one who chose the name Nasr for the new district ("nasr" being the Arabic word for "victory").
http://wn.com/Nasr_City -
Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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State of Israel
http://wn.com/State_of_Israel
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10,000 BC (film)
10,000 BC is a 2008 American historical fantasy film from Warner Bros. Pictures set in the prehistoric era. It was directed by Roland Emmerich and stars Steven Strait and Camilla Belle. The world premiere was held on February 10, 2008 at Potsdamer Platz in Berlin. General release was on March 7, 2008.
http://wn.com/10000_BC_(film) -
Abdel Halim Hafez
http://wn.com/Abdel_Halim_Hafez -
Ace Gutowsky
LeRoy "Ace" Gutowsky (August 2, 1909 – December 4, 1976) was an American football running back who played eight seasons in the National Football League. He was part of the 1935 Detroit Lions championship team.
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Adam Meredith
http://wn.com/Adam_Meredith -
Adam Żmudziński
http://wn.com/Adam_Żmudziński -
Adrien Brody
Adrien Brody (born April 14, 1973) is an American actor. He received widespread recognition and subsequent acclaim after starring in Roman Polanski's The Pianist (2002). He is the youngest actor to win the Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, at 29 years old.
http://wn.com/Adrien_Brody -
Al Pacino
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Alain Delon
http://wn.com/Alain_Delon -
Alan Sontag
Alan M. Sontag (born 1946) is a world champion American bridge player and author of bridge books.
http://wn.com/Alan_Sontag -
Alan Truscott
Alan Fraser Truscott (April 16, 1925 – September 4, 2005) was a bridge player, author and columnist. He wrote the daily bridge column for The New York Times for 41 years, from 1964 to 2005 and served as Executive Editor for all six editions of The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge, 1964 to 2002.
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Albert Benjamin
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Alfred Sheinwold
Alfred (Freddy) Sheinwold (January 26, 1912 – March 8, 1997) was an American bridge player, administrator, international team captain and prolific author of books about bridge. He was, with Edgar Kaplan, co-developer of the Kaplan-Sheinwold bidding system. Among other administrative assignments that he accepted, Sheinwold chaired the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) National Laws Commission from 1964 to 1975, and the ACBL Appeals Committee from 1966 to 1970. He also was the Editor of the ACBL Bulletin from 1952 to 1958.
http://wn.com/Alfred_Sheinwold -
Alvin Roth
Alvin L. (Al) Roth (November 6, 1914 – April 18, 2007) was an American bridge player, considered one of the greatest of all time. He wrote several books on the game, and invented various bridge conventions that have become commonplace, including five-card majors, negative doubles, forcing notrump, and the unusual notrump.
http://wn.com/Alvin_Roth -
Amalya Lyle Kearse
Amalya Lyle Kearse (born June 11, 1937 in Vauxhall, New Jersey) is a judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, appointed by President Jimmy Carter in 1979. She took senior status in 2002.
http://wn.com/Amalya_Lyle_Kearse -
André Dussollier
http://wn.com/André_Dussollier -
Arabs
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Audrey Grant
Audrey Grant (born 1940) is a Canadian professional educator and contract bridge expert, known for her "simple and humorous" approach to teaching bridge.
http://wn.com/Audrey_Grant -
Barbra Streisand
Barbra Streisand ( ; born Barbara Joan Streisand, April 24, 1942) is an American singer, actress, director, and songwriter. She has won two Academy Awards, eight Grammy Awards, four Emmy Awards, a Special Tony Award, an American Film Institute award, and a Peabody Award.
http://wn.com/Barbra_Streisand -
Barry Crane
http://wn.com/Barry_Crane -
Bauke Muller
Bauke Muller (born 17 February 1962) is a Dutch bridge player living in Hoorn.
http://wn.com/Bauke_Muller -
Ben Cohen (bridge)
http://wn.com/Ben_Cohen_(bridge) -
Ben Johnson (actor)
Ben "Son" Johnson, Jr. (June 13, 1918 – April 8, 1996) was an American motion picture actor who was mainly cast in Westerns. He was also a rodeo cowboy, stuntman, and rancher.
http://wn.com/Ben_Johnson_(actor) -
Benito Garozzo
Benito Garozzo (born September 5, 1927 in Naples, Italy) is one of the most famous bridge players in the history of the game. He has won 13 world championship titles with the Italian Blue Team, playing with Pietro Forquet and later Giorgio Belladonna. Garozzo created the Blue Club bidding system, and devised an advanced version of Precision Club, called "Super-precision."
http://wn.com/Benito_Garozzo -
Bep Vriend
Brechiena (Bep) Vriend (born 1946, Andijk, North Holland) is a Dutch female bridge player.
http://wn.com/Bep_Vriend -
Berry Westra
Berry Westra (born February 28, 1961, Amstelveen) is a Dutch bridge professional. At age of 18 Westra made his debut with former bridge world champion Hans Kreijns in the meesterklasse (the highest competitive level in the Dutch bridge league). In 1986 Westra became European champion youth bridge. The world championship in the same category followed a year later. As member of the Dutch national team, he ended third at the World Team Olympiad in 1992 as well as in the European Teams Championship of 1995. In 1993 he won the Bermuda Bowl, the World Championship Open Teams. In 2007 Westra won a bronze medal at the European Team Championships in Antalya.
http://wn.com/Berry_Westra -
Billy Eisenberg
William (Billy) Eisenberg (born September 5, 1937) is an American bridge and backgammon professional. In bridge, Eisenberg has won five Bermuda Bowl world team titles and in backgammon he won the world title in 1975. Eisenberg is World Bridge Federation (WBF) and American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) Grand Life Master.
http://wn.com/Billy_Eisenberg -
Bob Etter
Robert Glenn (Bob) Etter (born August 8, 1945, in Chattanooga, Tennessee) is a retired American football placekicker. He played with the Atlanta Falcons in 1968 and 1969. He also played for the Memphis Southmen of the World Football League in 1974 and 1975. He now teaches mathematics at California State University, Sacramento.
http://wn.com/Bob_Etter -
Bob Hamman
Robert David (Bob) Hamman (born August 6, 1938 in Pasadena, California) is an American bridge player, considered by many to be one of the greatest players of all time. Hamman was a member of the famous Dallas Aces team, which competed with the Italian Blue team for dominance of world bridge in the early 1970s. He has won 12 world championships, 50 North American championships, and is still playing for more. In 1994, Hamman wrote his autobiography At the Table: My Life and Times (ISBN 0-9642584-1-2). As of 1999, his biography on the American Contract Bridge League hall of fame lists his competition achievements, and reads:
http://wn.com/Bob_Hamman -
Bobby Goldman
Robert (Bobby) Goldman (November 10, 1938 – May 15, 1999) was an American bridge player, teacher and author. He won three Bermuda Bowls (1970, 1971, 1979), Olympiad Mixed Teams 1972, and 20 North American Bridge Championships. He authored several books on bridge, most notably Aces Scientific and Winners and Losers at the Bridge Table, and several conventions, like Kicback, Exclusion Blackwood and Super Gerber (Redwood).
http://wn.com/Bobby_Goldman -
Bobby Levin
Robert J. (Bobby) Levin (born November 19, 1957) is an American bridge player. He is best known for being the youngest winner of the Bermuda Bowl world teams bridge championship.
http://wn.com/Bobby_Levin -
Bobby Wolff
http://wn.com/Bobby_Wolff -
Boris Pasternak
http://wn.com/Boris_Pasternak -
C. C. Wei
http://wn.com/C_C_Wei -
Camillo Pabis Ticci
Camillo Pabis Ticci (1920–2003) was a famous Italian bridge player. He joined the Blue Team in 1963, partnering Giorgio Belladonna, then from 1964 he played with Massimo D'Alelio, winning 8 world championship titles.
http://wn.com/Camillo_Pabis_Ticci -
Carl Hudecek
Carl J. Hudecek (born December 3, 1934 in Toledo, Ohio) is an internationally known expert on sealing glasses, metal expansion and contraction, and metal oxidation processes for glass sealing.
http://wn.com/Carl_Hudecek -
Carl'Alberto Perroux
'''Carl'Alberto Perroux''' (born 1905 in Modena, died 1977 ) was Italian contract bridge official, founder and long-time non-playing captain of the Blue Team, the most successful team in bridge history. With the Blue Team, he has won 8 Bermuda Bowls, 1 World Team Olympiad and 3 European Bridge Championships in the period of 1951 to 1966.
http://wn.com/Carl'Alberto_Perroux -
Cezary Balicki
http://wn.com/Cezary_Balicki -
Charles Goren
Charles Henry Goren (March 4, 1901 – April 3, 1991) was a world champion American bridge player and bestselling author who contributed significantly to the development and popularization of the game.
http://wn.com/Charles_Goren -
Charles Kalme
Charles Ivars Kalme (November 15, 1939 – March 20, 2002) was an American International Master of chess recognized by FIDE, the World Chess Federation, and a mathematician.
http://wn.com/Charles_Kalme -
Charles Wigoder
Charles Wigoder (born 2 March 1960) is an English telecommunications entrepreneur and philanthropist, associated with building both Peoples Phone and Telecom Plus (The Utility Warehouse) into substantial and successful businessses.
http://wn.com/Charles_Wigoder -
Che Guevara
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Christopher Lambert
Christophe Guy Denis "Christopher" Lambert (born March 29, 1957) is a French actor who has appeared in French, European, and American productions. He is best known for his role as Connor MacLeod, or simply "The Highlander", from the movie and subsequent movie franchise series of the same name. He is also known for his roles as Tarzan in and as the thunder god Raiden in the first movie adaption of the popular video game Mortal Kombat. He is credited in French-speaking countries as Christophe Lambert.
http://wn.com/Christopher_Lambert -
Claude Brasseur
Claude Brasseur (born 15 June 1936, Neuilly-sur-Seine) is a French actor.
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Claude Rich
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Claudio Nunes
Claudio Nunes (born March 23, 1968 in Rome) is an Italian bridge international. He is a five-time world champion at teams, a World Grand Master of the World Bridge Federation (WBF), and the WBF second-ranked player as of summer 2009.. He is one of 10 players globally who collected the Triple Crown of Bridge.
http://wn.com/Claudio_Nunes -
Clyde E. Love
Clyde E. Love (1882–1959) was a contract bridge author and mathematics professor at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He is well-known in bridge circles for his 1959 book Bridge Squeezes Complete, one of the earliest efforts to codify then-existing squeeze play. Love established rules for recognizing bridge squeezes, and for executing them when they occurred. His system of classifying squeezes has been used by most bridge writers since.
http://wn.com/Clyde_E_Love -
Coluche
Michel Colucci (born October 28, 1944 in Paris, France; died June 19, 1986 in Opio, Alpes-Maritimes, France), better known as Coluche, was a French comedian and actor, famous for his irreverent sense of humour.
http://wn.com/Coluche -
Cyrine Abdelnour
Cyrine Abdelnour (also known as Cyreen Abdul Noor, , born February 21, 1977) is a Lebanese singer, actress, and model.
http://wn.com/Cyrine_Abdelnour -
Daniel Auteuil
http://wn.com/Daniel_Auteuil -
David Bird
David Bird (born 1946 in London) is the world's most prolific bridge writer, with 101 books to his name. He is bridge correspondent for the Mail on Sunday and the London Evening Standard; he contributes regularly to many magazines, including Bridge Plus, English Bridge, Bridge Magazine and the ACBL Bridge Bulletin. He has co-written books with many of the world's top players, including Terence Reese, Ron Klinger, Geir Helgemo, Tony Forrester, Omar Sharif and Martin Hoffman. His series of humorous bridge stories featuring the monks of the St Titus monastery has run continuously in Bridge Magazine for 30 years.
http://wn.com/David_Bird -
David Bruce (bridge)
http://wn.com/David_Bruce_(bridge) -
David Lean
Sir David Lean CBE (25 March 190816 April 1991) was a British filmmaker, producer, screenwriter and editor, best remembered for big-screen epics such as The Bridge on the River Kwai, Lawrence of Arabia,
http://wn.com/David_Lean -
Doris Rhodes
http://wn.com/Doris_Rhodes -
Drew Casen
Drew Ara Casen (born July 6, 1950) is an Armenian-American professional bridge player.
http://wn.com/Drew_Casen -
Dustin Hoffman
Dustin Lee Hoffman (born August 8, 1937) is an American actor with a career in film, television, and theatre since 1960. He has been known for his versatile portrayals of antiheroes and vulnerable types of characters.
http://wn.com/Dustin_Hoffman -
Edgar Kaplan
http://wn.com/Edgar_Kaplan -
Edmond O'Brien
'''Edmond O'Brien' (September 10, 1915 – May 9, 1985) was an American film actor who is perhaps best remembered for his role in D.O.A. (1950). He also co-starred with Richard Rust in the NBC legal drama Sam Benedict'', which aired during the 1962-1963 television season.
http://wn.com/Edmond_O'Brien -
Edward Said
http://wn.com/Edward_Said -
Edwin Kantar
Edwin Bruce (Eddie) Kantar (born November 9, 1932 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is an American bridge player, 2-time World Teams Bridge Champion and prolific author of bridge books.
http://wn.com/Edwin_Kantar -
Eldad Ginossar
Eldad Ginossar (born June 14, 1981) is a professional bridge player from Israel.
http://wn.com/Eldad_Ginossar -
Ely Culbertson
Ely Culbertson (July 22, 1891 – December 27, 1955) was the most significant American Contract bridge personality. He played a major role in the early development of the game, and was widely regarded as 'the man who made contract bridge'. He was a great showman who became rich, was highly extravagant, and lost and gained fortunes several times over. His autobiography, The Strange Lives of One Man is, perhaps fittingly, the most extraordinary ever written by a card-player.
http://wn.com/Ely_Culbertson -
Eric Elmosnino
http://wn.com/Eric_Elmosnino -
Eric Murray (bridge)
Eric Murray is a Canadian contract bridge player and co-founder of the Canadian Bridge Federation. Along with his partner Sami Kehela, Murray is considered one of the top Canadians ever to have played the game. The Eric R. Murray trophy, awarded to the team representing Canada in the Open Teams at the World Olympiad, is named in his honour.
http://wn.com/Eric_Murray_(bridge) -
Eric Rodwell
Eric Victor Rodwell (born May 1, 1957) is a multiple world champion in contract bridge, winning the Bermuda Bowl representing the U.S. five times. He is one of only ten players who have won the so-called triple crown of bridge: the Bermuda Bowl, the World Open Pairs and the World Team Olympiad.
http://wn.com/Eric_Rodwell -
Eunice Rosen
Eunice Marya Rosen (born September 6, 1930) is an American bridge player. She is married to fellow bridge champion William Rosen.
http://wn.com/Eunice_Rosen -
Fanny Brice
http://wn.com/Fanny_Brice -
Faten Hamama
Faten Hamama (, , born April 11, 1932) is an Egyptian producer and an acclaimed actress of film, television, and theatre. She was regarded for her performances in a range of film genres, from melodramas to historical films and occasional comedies, though her chief successes were romantic dramas. Noted for her willingness to play serious characters, she has also acted in some controversial films in the history of Egyptian cinema.
http://wn.com/Faten_Hamama -
François Cluzet
http://wn.com/François_Cluzet -
Fred Astaire
Fred Astaire (May 10, 1899 – June 22, 1987), born Frederick Austerlitz, was an American film and Broadway stage dancer, choreographer, singer and actor. His stage and subsequent film career spanned a total of 76 years, during which he made 31 musical films. He was named the fifth Greatest Male Star of All Time by the American Film Institute. He is particularly associated with Ginger Rogers, with whom he made ten films.
http://wn.com/Fred_Astaire -
Fred Gitelman
Fred Gitelman (born February 6, 1965 in Toronto, Ontario) is a leading American bridge player, as well as the founder and manager of [http://www.bridgebase.com Bridge Base Online], a bridge playing site.
http://wn.com/Fred_Gitelman -
Fritzi Gordon
http://wn.com/Fritzi_Gordon -
Fulvio Fantoni
Fulvio Fantoni (born November 9 1963 in Grosseto) is an Italian international bridge player. He is a five-time world champion at teams, a World Grand Master of the World Bridge Federation (WBF), and the WBF first-ranked player as of summer 2009. He is one of 10 players globally who collected the Triple Crown of Bridge.
http://wn.com/Fulvio_Fantoni -
Gabriel Chagas
Gabriel Pinheiro Chagas Filho (born December 7, 1944 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a famous Brazilian bridge player. He was the winner of World Team Olympiad in Monte Carlo 1976, Bermuda Bowl in Perth 1989, World Open Pairs Championship in Geneva 1990, as well as Transnational Teams in Paris 2001. He is one of 10 players who collected the Triple Crown of Bridge.
http://wn.com/Gabriel_Chagas -
Geir Helgemo
Geir Helgemo (born 14 February 1970) is a Norwegian professional bridge player.
http://wn.com/Geir_Helgemo -
Gene Hackman
Eugene Allen "Gene" Hackman (born January 30, 1930) is a retired American actor and novelist.
http://wn.com/Gene_Hackman -
George C. Scott
George Campbell Scott (October 18, 1927 – September 22, 1999) was an American stage and film actor, director and producer. He was best known for his bravura stage work, as well as his portrayal of General George S. Patton in the film Patton, and an early flamboyant film performance as General Buck Turgidson in Stanley Kubrick's Dr. Strangelove. He has also widely been known for his rather gravelly voice.
http://wn.com/George_C_Scott -
George Chakiris
George Chakiris (born September 16, 1934) is an American dancer, singer and film actor.
http://wn.com/George_Chakiris -
George Coffin
George Sturgis Coffin, born in Waltham, Massachusetts, on September 8, 1903 and dies at Waltham-Weston Hospital near his home in Belmont on March 12, 1994.
http://wn.com/George_Coffin -
George Rosenkranz
http://wn.com/George_Rosenkranz -
George S. Kaufman
George Simon Kaufman (November 16, 1889 - June 2, 1961) was an American playwright, theatre director and producer, humorist, and drama critic.
http://wn.com/George_S_Kaufman -
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (; born July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut) was the 43rd President of the United States, serving from 2001 to 2009, and the 46th Governor of Texas, serving from 1995 to 2000.
http://wn.com/George_W_Bush -
Gig Young
Gig Young (November 4, 1913 – October 19, 1978) was an American film, stage, and television actor.
http://wn.com/Gig_Young -
Giorgio Belladonna
http://wn.com/Giorgio_Belladonna -
Giorgio Duboin
Giorgio Duboin (born September 30, 1959 in Turin, Italy) is an Italian bridge player. Duboin has won four World teams championships along with six consecutive European teams championships and a seventh European in 2010. For many years his regular partner was Norberto Bocchi; now he plays primarily with Antonio Sementa.
http://wn.com/Giorgio_Duboin -
Glenn Grøtheim
http://wn.com/Glenn_Grøtheim -
Gregory Peck
Gregory Peck (April 5, 1916 – June 12, 2003) was an American actor.
http://wn.com/Gregory_Peck -
Gérard Depardieu
http://wn.com/Gérard_Depardieu -
Gérard Lanvin
http://wn.com/Gérard_Lanvin -
Géza Ottlik
http://wn.com/Géza_Ottlik -
Harry Lampert
Harry Lampert (November 3, 1916 – November 13, 2004) was a cartoonist, adman and author, bridge book author, and bridge teacher.
http://wn.com/Harry_Lampert -
Helen Sobel Smith
http://wn.com/Helen_Sobel_Smith -
Henry Beasley
http://wn.com/Henry_Beasley -
Hermine Baron
Hermine Baron (1912-September 27, 1996) was a record-making Grand Life Master contract bridge player; a native of Omaha, she moved to southern California (Los Angeles) in the mid-forties. Having contracted polio at an early age, she played the game from a wheelchair. At her death, she had accumulated 22,645 masterpoints, the most of any woman in the USA. Winner of several national titles and over 100 regional events, she also represented the USA internationally in 1968, 1978 and 1982. She was inducted into the ACBL [http://www.acbl.org/about/hall-of-fame/biography.php?id=1 Hall of Fame] in 2002.
http://wn.com/Hermine_Baron -
Howard Schenken
http://wn.com/Howard_Schenken -
Hubert Phillips
http://wn.com/Hubert_Phillips -
Hugh Darwen
Hugh Darwen, employee of IBM UK from 1967 to 2004, has been involved in the history of the relational model since the beginning. From 1978 to 1982 he was a chief architect on Business System 12, a database management system that faithfully embraced the principles of the relational model. He works closely with Christopher J. Date and represented IBM at the ISO SQL committee (JTC 1/SC 32/WG 3 Database languages) until his retirement from IBM. Darwen is author of The Askew Wall and co-author of The Third Manifesto.
http://wn.com/Hugh_Darwen -
Hugh Kelsey
http://wn.com/Hugh_Kelsey -
Huub Bertens
http://wn.com/Huub_Bertens -
Iain Macleod
Iain Norman Macleod (11 November 1913 – 20 July 1970) was a British Conservative Party politician and government minister.
http://wn.com/Iain_Macleod -
Jacek Pszczoła
http://wn.com/Jacek_Pszczoła -
Jack Marx (bridge)
http://wn.com/Jack_Marx_(bridge) -
Jack Nicholson
John Joseph "Jack" Nicholson (born April 22, 1937) is an American actor, film director and producer. He is renowned for his often dark-themed portrayals of neurotic characters.
http://wn.com/Jack_Nicholson -
Jack Olsen
Jack Olsen (June 7, 1925 – July 16, 2002) was an American journalist and author known for his thorough, scholarly approach to crime reporting. He was Midwest bureau chief for Time magazine and a senior editor for Sports Illustrated. He was also a regular contributor to other publications, including Fortune and Vanity Fair.
http://wn.com/Jack_Olsen -
Jacques Dutronc
http://wn.com/Jacques_Dutronc -
Jacques Villeret
http://wn.com/Jacques_Villeret -
Jaggy Shivdasani
http://wn.com/Jaggy_Shivdasani -
James Cayne
James E. (Jimmy) Cayne (born February 14, 1934) is an American businessman, a former CEO of Bear Stearns, and world-class bridge player. After losing about one billion dollars in net worth from the collapse of Bear Stearns' stock, he sold his entire stake in the company for $61 million. CNBC named Cayne as one of the "Worst American CEOs of All Time".
http://wn.com/James_Cayne -
Jane Bronstein
Jane Bronstein (born 1941) is an American professional bridge player from New York who will forever be known for her title as "The Peach Lady" from the Late Show with David Letterman.
http://wn.com/Jane_Bronstein -
Janusz Korwin-Mikke
Janusz Korwin-Mikke (, born October 27, 1942 in Warsaw, Poland) is a Polish conservative liberal political commentator and politician.
http://wn.com/Janusz_Korwin-Mikke -
Jean Rochefort
Jean Rochefort (born 29 April 1930) is a French actor, with a career that has spanned over five decades.
http://wn.com/Jean_Rochefort -
Jean-Paul Belmondo
Jean-Paul Belmondo (born 9 April 1933) is a French actor initially associated with the New Wave of the 1960s.
http://wn.com/Jean-Paul_Belmondo -
Jeff Meckstroth
Jeffrey John (Jeff) Meckstroth (born May 15, 1956 in Springfield, Ohio) is a multiple world champion in contract bridge, winning the Bermuda Bowl representing the U.S. five times. He is one of only ten players who have won the so-called triple crown of bridge: the Bermuda Bowl, the World Open Pairs and the World Team Olympiad.
http://wn.com/Jeff_Meckstroth -
Jeff Rubens
Jeff Rubens (born 1941) is a bridge player and writer; he is the editor of the magazine The Bridge World and the author of several bridge books, including Secrets of Winning Bridge.
http://wn.com/Jeff_Rubens -
Jeremy Flint
http://wn.com/Jeremy_Flint -
Jethro
Jethro can refer to:
http://wn.com/Jethro -
Jews
:For the Jewish way of life, including religion, law, culture, and philosophy, see Judaism. "Jew" redirects here; for other uses, see Jew (disambiguation).
http://wn.com/Jews -
John Brown (bridge)
http://wn.com/John_Brown_(bridge) -
John Houseman
John Houseman (September 22, 1902 - October 31, 1988) was a Romanian-born American actor and film producer who became known for his highly publicized collaboration with director Orson Welles from their days in the Federal Theatre Project through to the production of Citizen Kane. But he is perhaps best known for his role as Professor Charles Kingsfield in the TV series The Paper Chase and for his commercials for the brokerage firm Smith Barney. In 1973, he won an Oscar for his Supporting performance in The Paper Chase. He had a distinctive Mid-Atlantic English accent, in common with many actors of his generation.
http://wn.com/John_Houseman -
John Huston
John Huston (August 5, 1906 – August 28, 1987) was an American film director, screenwriter and actor. He wrote most of the 37 feature films he directed, many of which are today considered "classics": The Maltese Falcon (1941), The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948), Key Largo (1948), The Asphalt Jungle (1950), The African Queen (1951), Moulin Rouge (1952), The Misfits (1960), and The Man Who Would Be King (1975). During his 46-year career, Huston received 15 Oscar nominations, winning twice, and directed both his father, Walter Huston, and daughter, Anjelica Huston to Oscar wins in different films.
http://wn.com/John_Huston -
John Mills
Sir John Mills, CBE (22 February 1908 – 23 April 2005) was an English actor, who made more than 120 films in a career spanning seven decades.
http://wn.com/John_Mills -
John R. Crawford
http://wn.com/John_R_Crawford -
John Wayne
http://wn.com/John_Wayne -
Jon Voight
Jonathan Vincent "Jon" Voight (born December 29, 1938) is an American film and television actor. He came to prominence at the end of the 1960s, with a performance as a would-be gigolo in 1969's Best Picture winner, Midnight Cowboy, for which he earned his first Academy Award nomination. Throughout the following decades, Voight built his reputation with an array of challenging roles, appearing in such landmark films as Deliverance (1972), and Coming Home (1978), for which he received an Academy Award for Best Actor. Voight's portrayal of sportscaster/journalist Howard Cosell, in the 2001 biopic Ali, earned critical raves and his fourth Oscar nomination. He starred in the seventh season of 24 as the villain Jonas Hodges.
http://wn.com/Jon_Voight -
Jordanis Pavlides
http://wn.com/Jordanis_Pavlides -
Julian Pottage
Julian Pottage is a British contract bridge author, player and teacher, who studied mathematics at Trinity College Cambridge . He's also well-known as a collector of bridge problems, and writes a monthly problem column in Britain's Bridge Magazine. He has authored or co-authored 17 books on bridge, including Bridge Problems for a New Millennium and The Extra Edge In Play with the late Terence Reese. He also co-edited the recent second edition of Clyde E. Love's Bridge Squeezes Complete. His book Play or Defend? won the International Bridge Press Association's 2004 Book of the Year Award.
http://wn.com/Julian_Pottage -
Ken Wagstaff
Kenneth "Ken" Wagstaff (born 24 November 1942 in Langwirth, Nottinghamshire) is a former English footballer noted for his playing career at Mansfield Town and Hull City football clubs. In 2007, club fans of both Mansfield Town and Hull City voted Wagstaff their club's "all-time favourite player".
http://wn.com/Ken_Wagstaff -
Kenneth Konstam
http://wn.com/Kenneth_Konstam -
King Farouk
http://wn.com/King_Farouk -
Kirk Douglas
http://wn.com/Kirk_Douglas -
Kit Woolsey
Kit Woolsey (born 1943) is an American bridge and backgammon player. In bridge, he was the winner of the 1986 Rosenblum Cup world teams championship. He was also runner-up in the 1982 Rosenblum Cup, 1989 Bermuda Bowl and won the Senior Teams at the 2000 World Team Olympiad, and another gold at the 2003 Senior Bowl, as well as more than a dozen ACBL national championships. Many of his successes were in partnership with Ed Manfield. In backgammon, he was runner-up in the 1996 World Cup, and is (as of 2007) ranked the #5 backgammon player in the world.
http://wn.com/Kit_Woolsey -
Larry Cohen (bridge)
Larry Neil Cohen (born April 14, 1959 in New York City, New York) is an American bridge player and writer. He is the winner of 25 North American Bridge Championships including the Vanderbilt, two Spingolds, two Reisingers, three Life Master Pairs, and four Blue Ribbon Pairs as well as a two-time winner of the Cavendish Invitational Pairs.
http://wn.com/Larry_Cohen_(bridge) -
Laurence Olivier
http://wn.com/Laurence_Olivier -
Leonard Pennario
Leonard Pennario (July 9, 1924 – June 27, 2008) was an American classical pianist and composer.
http://wn.com/Leonard_Pennario -
Leslie Dodds
http://wn.com/Leslie_Dodds -
Marc Hodler
http://wn.com/Marc_Hodler -
Marc Smith (bridge)
Marc Smith is a British bridge player, columnist and book author. "Marc Smith represented Great Britain as a junior, winning the 1985 European Union Junior Teams Championship. He has a host of wins in national events, and reached the final of the World Mixed Pairs ... playing with his wife, Charlotte."
http://wn.com/Marc_Smith_(bridge) -
Marcelo Branco
Marcelo Branco (born 1945) is famous Brazilian bridge player. Among other successes, he was the winner of World Team Olympiad in Monte Carlo 1976, Bermuda Bowl in Perth 1989, and World Open pairs Championship in New Orleans 1978 and Geneva 1990. He is one of 10 players who collected the Triple Crown of Bridge. He is the only player to have won the World Pairs twice [http://www.worldbridge.org/tourn/bermuda.00/vugraph/players/profiles/0078.html], in Geneva with his most frequent partner Gabriel Chagas and in New Orleans with Gabino Cintra.
http://wn.com/Marcelo_Branco -
Mark Horton (bridge)
Mark Horton (born 1950) is a British author, journalist and expert on bridge, as well as a former lawyer and chess champion. He has been the editor of Bridge Magazine since 1995. The magazine was founded in 1926 and is the world's oldest bridge magazine, and it is now distributed through Chess & Bridge in the UK. His regular blog can be found at http://mark.bridgeblogging.com.
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Marlon Brando
http://wn.com/Marlon_Brando -
Marshall Miles
Marshall Lauren Miles (born December 16, 1926) is an American bridge player and author.
http://wn.com/Marshall_Miles -
Martin Andresen
http://wn.com/Martin_Andresen -
Martin de Knijff
Martin de Knijff (born October 2, 1972) is a professional sports bettor and high-stakes poker player from Gothenburg, Sweden.
http://wn.com/Martin_de_Knijff -
Martin Fleisher
Martin (Marty) Fleisher (born October 12, 1958) is an American bridge player, employee benefits attorney, manager of investments in life insurance policies and investment advisor.
http://wn.com/Martin_Fleisher -
Marty A. Bergen
http://wn.com/Marty_A_Bergen -
Massimo D'Alelio
'''Massimo (Mimmo) D'Alelio''' (1916–1998) neapolitan, was a famous Italian bridge player. He won 10 world championship titles with the Blue Team, playing with Eugenio Chiaradia and Camillo Pabis Ticci.
http://wn.com/Massimo_D'Alelio -
Mathieu Amalric
Mathieu Amalric (born 25 October 1965) is a French actor and film director, perhaps best known internationally for his role as the antagonist in Quantum of Solace. He also has won the and the .
http://wn.com/Mathieu_Amalric -
Michael Rosenberg
Michael Rosenberg (born May, 1954 in New York City, New York) is one of the top bridge players in the United States. He moved to Scotland as a child and returned to New York in 1990 where he lives with his wife Debbie, also a top player.
http://wn.com/Michael_Rosenberg -
Michał Kwiecień
http://wn.com/Michał_Kwiecień -
Michel Bouquet
Michel Bouquet (born 6 November 1925) is a French film actor. He has appeared in over 90 films since 1947.
http://wn.com/Michel_Bouquet -
Michel Duguet
Michel Duguet (born 1961) is a French Scrabble player who won the French World Scrabble Championships five times during the 1980s. His record of five world titles has never been broken, but has been equalled by Christian Pierre during the 1990s. Despite both players being five-time world champions, it was Duguet that was awarded the prize of 'player of the century' () at the World Championship in Paris in 2000.
http://wn.com/Michel_Duguet -
Michel Galabru
Michel Galabru is a French actor born on 27 October 1922 in Safi, French Morocco.
http://wn.com/Michel_Galabru -
Michel Serrault
http://wn.com/Michel_Serrault -
Mike Cappelletti
A. Michael (Mike) Cappelletti (born 1942) is an American bridge player and poker authority. Amongst poker players he is known as the author of the books Cappelletti on Omaha, The Best of Cappelletti on Omaha, Poker at the Millennium and How to Win at Omaha High-Low Poker, and also as columnist for the poker magazine, CardPlayer. He is well known amongst bridge players as the inventor of the Cappelletti convention. Cappelletti is an American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) Grand Life Master with more than 20,000 masterpoints. He has won a bronze medal in the 1974 World Mixed Teams. Cappelletti also authored the book 100 Bridge Problems: Using Poker Tactics in Contract Bridge.
http://wn.com/Mike_Cappelletti -
Milton Work
Milton Cooper Work (1864 – June 27, 1934) was a noted American authority on whist, bridge whist, auction and contract bridge.
http://wn.com/Milton_Work -
Naguib Mahfouz
http://wn.com/Naguib_Mahfouz -
Nasser
http://wn.com/Nasser -
Nathan B. Spingold
Nathan Spingold (1886-1958) was a motion picture executive and a leading administrator in the game of contract bridge. Born in Chicago, Spingold started as a newspaper reporter but moved to New York in the early thirties where his career in the motion picture business with Columbia Pictures saw him rise to the Board of Directors in 1940 and vice president of the company in 1954. He and his wife, Frances, were patrons of the arts and had a significant art collection.
http://wn.com/Nathan_B_Spingold -
Nicky Arnstein
http://wn.com/Nicky_Arnstein -
Nico Gardener
http://wn.com/Nico_Gardener -
Nicola Smith
http://wn.com/Nicola_Smith -
Norberto Bocchi
Norberto Bocchi (born September 29, 1961 in Parma, Italy) is an Italian bridge player. Bocchi has won four World teams championships along with six consecutive European teams championships and a seventh European in 2010. For many years his regular partner was Giorgio Duboin. After missing one European and World championship cycle (2008–2009), he returned to the Italian national team in 2010, now playing with Augustin Madala, and Italy returned to the victor stand.([http://www.eurobridge.org/competitions/runningscores/asp/roundteamsconditstatclassicmod.asp?qtournid=821&qshowflag;=1 2010 Open Teams, final standings])
http://wn.com/Norberto_Bocchi -
Norman Kay (bridge)
http://wn.com/Norman_Kay_(bridge) -
Omar Sharif
Omar Sharif (born Michael Demitri Shalhoub; April 10, 1932) is an Arab Egyptian actor who has starred in Hollywood films, most famously in Doctor Zhivago, Funny Girl and Lawrence of Arabia. He has been nominated for an Academy Award and has won three Golden Globe Awards.
http://wn.com/Omar_Sharif -
Orlando Campos
Orlando "Ollie" Campos (1925–1994) was an Indian bridge player.
http://wn.com/Orlando_Campos -
Oswald Jacoby
Oswald (Ozzie, Jake) Jacoby (December 8, 1902 – June 27, 1984) was an American contract bridge player and author, considered one of the greatest players of all time.
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P. Hal Sims
Philip Hal Sims (November 8, 1886, Selma, Alabama – February 26, 1949, Havana, Cuba) was an American bridge player.
http://wn.com/P_Hal_Sims -
Paul Chemla
Paul Chemla (born January 2, 1944) is a famous French bridge player.
http://wn.com/Paul_Chemla -
Paul Lukacs
Paul Lukacs (1915–1982) was a top bridge problems composer considered by many "the best bridge player ever away from the table", as defined by Victor Mollo. He specialized in single dummy problems.
http://wn.com/Paul_Lukacs -
Paul Scofield
David Paul Scofield, CH, CBE (21 January 1922 – 19 March 2008), better known as Paul Scofield, was an English actor of stage and screen. Noted for his distinctive voice and delivery, Scofield received an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award for his performance as Sir Thomas More in the 1966 film A Man for All Seasons, a reprise of the role he played in the stage version at the West End and on Broadway for which he received a Tony Award.
http://wn.com/Paul_Scofield -
Paul Soloway
http://wn.com/Paul_Soloway -
Paul Stern
http://wn.com/Paul_Stern -
Peter Firth
Peter Firth (born 27 October 1953) is an English actor. He is well known for a variety of starring roles in film and on television from the 1970s to the 2000s.
http://wn.com/Peter_Firth -
Peter O'Toole
'''Peter Seamus Lorcan O'Toole' (born 2 August 1932) is an Irish actor of stage and screen who achieved stardom in 1962 playing T. E. Lawrence in Lawrence of Arabia''. He went on to become a highly-honoured film and stage actor. He has been nominated for eight Academy Awards, and holds the record for most competitive Academy Award acting nominations without a win. He has won four Golden Globes, a BAFTA, an Emmy and was the recipient of an Honorary Academy Award in 2003 for his body of work.
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Philippe Léotard
http://wn.com/Philippe_Léotard -
Philippe Noiret
Philippe Noiret (born 1 October 1930 in Lille – died 23 November 2006 in Paris) was a French film actor.
http://wn.com/Philippe_Noiret -
Philippe Torreton
Philippe Torreton (born 13 October 1965, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France) is a French actor.
http://wn.com/Philippe_Torreton -
Pierre Albarran
http://wn.com/Pierre_Albarran -
Pierre Arditi
Pierre Arditi (born 1 December 1944) is an award-winning French film and stage actor. He is the brother of French actress Catherine Arditi.
http://wn.com/Pierre_Arditi -
Pierre Ghestem
Pierre Ghestem (born February 14, 1922 - died on April 11, 2000) was a French bridge and checkers player. In 1947 he became the world champion in checkers. In bridge, he was a WBF Grand Master and won the World Team Olympiad in 1960 and Bermuda Bowl in 1956 as a member of the French bridge team, as well as European titles in 1953, 1955, 1962, and second places in 1956 and 1961.
http://wn.com/Pierre_Ghestem -
Pierre Jaïs
http://wn.com/Pierre_Jaïs -
Pietro Forquet
Pietro Forquet (1925-) is an Italian bridge player, one of the most famous in bridge history. He won 15 World championship titles with Blue Team, playing with Eugenio Chiaradia, Guglielmo Siniscalco and, for the most part, Benito Garozzo. Apart from his excellent play, he was renowned for his nerves of steel. In 1971, he also wrote the book "Bridge with the Blue Team" (ISBN 0-575-06391-2), widely considered to be the world's best collection of fascinating bridge deals.
http://wn.com/Pietro_Forquet -
Piotr Gawryś
http://wn.com/Piotr_Gawryś -
Putte Kock
Rudolf "Putte" Kock (June 29, 1901 – October 31, 1979) was a Swedish football, ice hockey and bridge player who won a bronze medal in the 1924 Summer Olympics as a football player, being voted the World's best left winger after the tournament. He also made two caps for the Swedish icehockey team.
http://wn.com/Putte_Kock -
R Prabhakar
Prabhakar Ramachandra Gupta (born May 25, 1947) is a noted academician and a consultant with various firms. He is currently the secretary of Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore. Dr. R. Prabhakar is known for his excellent skills as and administrator and a professor and he is currently the member of several Commissions of AICTE,Director of Technical Education, Tamil Nadu, Bharathiar University and Madras University in Computer Science and in Mechanical Engineering. He has over 30yrs of teaching experience. His areas of interests scale across a variety of subjects like CNC, Compilers, Data Structures, Control Systems etc.
http://wn.com/R_Prabhakar -
Ralph Katz
Ralph Katz (born 1957) is an American bridge player.
http://wn.com/Ralph_Katz -
Ralph Swimer
http://wn.com/Ralph_Swimer -
Ramesh Gokhale
Ramesh Gokhale (d. 1988) was an Indian bridge player, remembered as one of the game's most talented participants.
http://wn.com/Ramesh_Gokhale -
Raymond Brock
Raymond Brock (14 October 1936 – 1 January 2008) was for over forty years a leading English bridge player and then administrator. In 1987 he was a member of the British team that won the silver medal in both the European Bridge Championship and the Bermuda Bowl (the World Championship). This success came during his partnership with Tony Forrester, which lasted from 1982 to 1990. He achieved the rank of World Bridge Master through his performances.
http://wn.com/Raymond_Brock -
Richard Attenborough
Richard Samuel Attenborough, Baron Attenborough, CBE (born 29 August 1923) is an English actor, director, producer and entrepreneur. Attenborough has won two Academy Awards, four BAFTA Awards and three Golden Globes. He is the older brother of naturalist and wildlife filmmaker Sir David Attenborough.
http://wn.com/Richard_Attenborough -
Richard Belton
http://wn.com/Richard_Belton -
Richard Benjamin
Richard Benjamin (born May 22, 1938) is an American actor and film director. He has starred in a number of productions, including the 1969 film Goodbye, Columbus, based on the novella of the same name by Philip Roth, and with Yul Brynner in Westworld in 1973.
http://wn.com/Richard_Benjamin -
Richard Bohringer
Richard Bohringer (16 January 1941) is a French actor.
http://wn.com/Richard_Bohringer -
Richard Burton
http://wn.com/Richard_Burton -
Richard Zeckhauser
Richard Jay Zeckhauser (born 1940) is an American economist and the Frank P. Ramsey Professor of Political Economy at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.
http://wn.com/Richard_Zeckhauser -
Rixi Markus
http://wn.com/Rixi_Markus -
Rod Steiger
Rodney Stephen "Rod" Steiger (April 14, 1925July 9, 2002) was an American actor known for his performances in such films as In the Heat of the Night, Waterloo, The Pawnbroker, On the Waterfront, The Harder They Fall and Doctor Zhivago.
http://wn.com/Rod_Steiger -
Roger Trézel
http://wn.com/Roger_Trézel -
Ron Klinger
Ron Klinger is a leading bridge author, he's also one of the game's most prolific writers with more than 50 books to his name. Ron is an Australian Grand Master and a World Bridge Federation International Master. He was born on November 8, 1941 in Shanghai, China and has been a bridge teacher, respected international player, and author for decades.
http://wn.com/Ron_Klinger -
Ron Rubin (bridge)
Ron Rubin (born May 7, 1948) is an American bridge player. He is best known for winning the 1983 Bermuda Bowl world teams bridge championship. In addition he has won 11 North American Bridge Championships.
http://wn.com/Ron_Rubin_(bridge) -
Ronald Mansbridge
Ronald Mansbridge (November 11, 1905 – September 1, 2006) was a publisher, author and wit. He served for forty years as US representative for Cambridge University Press. He had also served briefly as Acting Director of MIT University Press and, for two years, as a Managing Director of the UK office of Yale University Press.
http://wn.com/Ronald_Mansbridge -
Roy Welland
Roy Welland (born October 2, 1962 in Madison, Wisconsin) is the Chief Investment Officer at CruCapital, owner of the world-renowned restaurant Cru, wine connoisseur, and world class bridge player. He currently lives in New York City with his wife, Christal Henner-Welland (accomplished champion bridge player in her own right; sister to Marilu Henner), and two sons, William and Christopher.
http://wn.com/Roy_Welland -
S. J. Simon
'''S.J. 'Skid' Simon''' (Seca Jascha Skidelsky) (born 1904 in Harbin, Manchuria, died June 26, 1948) was a British author and bridge player.
http://wn.com/S_J_Simon -
Sami Kehela
Sami (sometimes spelled "Sammy") Kehela is a Canadian contract bridge player. He is considered, along with his partner Eric Murray, one of the top Canadians ever to have played the game.
http://wn.com/Sami_Kehela -
Samuel Stayman
Samuel M. (Sam) Stayman (May 28, 1909, Worcester, Massachusetts – December 11, 1993, Palm Beach, Florida) was an American bridge player. He was the eponym of the Stayman convention. The convention was in fact invented (independently) by Jack Marx and by Stayman's regular partner, George Rapee. It was first published by Stayman, however, in an article he wrote for The Bridge World magazine in 1945. Stayman was an original investor in the Buffett Partnershp. Stayman also gave his name, spelled backwards, to the Namyats convention, invented by another partner, Victor Mitchell.
http://wn.com/Samuel_Stayman -
Sergei Eisenstein
http://wn.com/Sergei_Eisenstein -
Sergi López i Ayats
http://wn.com/Sergi_López_i_Ayats -
Shen Chun-shan
Shen Chun-shan (born August 29, 1932) is a retired academic in Taiwan, most noted for his position as the former head of National Tsing Hua University. He is known as one of the "four princes of Taiwan" along with Chen Li-an, Fredrick Chien, and Lien Chan, all of whose fathers attained prominence in politics prior to their sons' successes.
http://wn.com/Shen_Chun-shan -
Sidney Poitier
Sir Sidney Poitier, KBE ( or ; born February 20, 1927) is a Bahamian American actor, film director, author, and diplomat. He broke through as a star in acclaimed performances in American films and plays, which, by consciously defying racial stereotyping, gave a new dramatic credibility for black actors to mainstream film audiences in the Western world.
http://wn.com/Sidney_Poitier -
St. Peter
http://wn.com/St_Peter -
Tahar Rahim
Tahar Rahim (born 4 July 1981) is a French actor of Algerian descent. Born in Belfort, France, his family is originally from the region of Oran, Algeria.
http://wn.com/Tahar_Rahim -
Terence Reese
http://wn.com/Terence_Reese -
Terje Aa
Terje Aa (born 1961) is a Norwegian bridge player, WBF World Life Master, and regular member of the Norwegian team since 1993.
http://wn.com/Terje_Aa -
Tim Bourke
Tim Bourke is an Australian bridge author, player, and internationally-renowned collector and composer of bridge hands (indeed he has composed most of the hands in David Bird's "Abbot" series since 1996). He also owns one of the world's largest collections of Bridge books, magazines and memorabilia in English.
http://wn.com/Tim_Bourke -
Tomas Brenning
Tomas Brenning (born 1967 in Stockholm, Sweden) is a Swedish bridge player, journalist and computer programmer. Even though he has won a bronze medal in the 1994 Rosenblum Cup world championship, Brenning is better known as the creator of the bridge scoring software used by several bridge federations in Europe and for scoring the world championships of bridge. Brenning possesses the title of World Bridge Federation World International Master.
http://wn.com/Tomas_Brenning -
Tommy Prothro
James Thompson "Tommy" Prothro, Jr. (July 20, 1920 – May 14, 1995) was an American football coach at both the collegiate and professional levels for more than 30 years.
http://wn.com/Tommy_Prothro -
Tony Forrester
Tony Forrester is an English bridge player and writer. He is a British and English international and a World International Master. Forrester is the bridge columnist for The Daily Telegraph and The Sunday Telegraph.
http://wn.com/Tony_Forrester -
Tony Priday
Richard Anthony (Tony) Priday (born 1922) is an English bridge player and journalist, who had a longstanding and successful partnership with Claude Rodrigue. He was a member of the Great Britain teams which finished third in the Bermuda Bowl in 1962, third in the World Team Olympiad in 1976 and which won the European Championships in 1961 (when he was partnered by Alan Truscott) and came second in 1971.
http://wn.com/Tony_Priday -
Umer Sharif
http://wn.com/Umer_Sharif -
Victor Mollo
Victor Mollo (1909 – September, 1987) was a British bridge journalist and writer. He is most famous for his "Bridge in the Menagerie" series of books, depicting vivid characters of bridge players with animal names through a series of exciting and entertaining deals, bridge fables of a sort.
http://wn.com/Victor_Mollo -
Vincent Cassel
Vincent Cassel (born 23 November 1966) is a French actor. Well known in his native France as a leading man, Cassel is usually cast as a villain in American films.
http://wn.com/Vincent_Cassel -
Walter Avarelli
http://wn.com/Walter_Avarelli -
Wesley Burrowes
http://wn.com/Wesley_Burrowes -
William Rosen
William Albert (Bill, Billy) Rosen (born September 12, 1928 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American bridge player, best known for winning the 1954 Bermuda Bowl world championship.
http://wn.com/William_Rosen -
Zahi Hawass
Zahi Hawass (; born 28 May 1947) is an Egyptian archaeologist, an Egyptologist and the Vice Minister of Culture in Egypt. He has also worked at archaeological sites in the Nile Delta, the Western Desert, and the Upper Nile Valley.
http://wn.com/Zahi_Hawass -
Zia Mahmood
Zia Mahmood (born January 7, 1946 in Karachi, Pakistan) is a famous Pakistani bridge player. Zia was educated in England from the age of six to twenty-one. He qualified as a Chartered Accountant of the Institute of England and Wales and spent three years running the family newspaper chain in Pakistan. He also spent eighteen months in Abu Dhabi developing business interests.
http://wn.com/Zia_Mahmood
Sharif, Omar Filmography
- A la recherche des Mangeurs de Morts (2011)
- J'ai oublié de te dire (2009)
- La traversée du désir (2009)
- The Last Templar (2009)
- A Night at the Movies: The Gigantic World of Epics (2009)
- Al Mosafer (2009)
- Il était une fois... Lawrence d'Arabie (2008)
- Hassan wa Morcus (2008)
- Hassan wa Morcus (2008)
- 10,000 BC (2008)
- Greatest Ever Romantic Movies (2007)
- Fred Zinnemann - Der Mann, der 'High Noon' machte (2007)
- Bandes originales: Maurice Jarre (2007)
- Kronprinz Rudolf (2006)
- Geraldine en España (2006)
- Fuoco su di me (2006)
- The Ten Commandments (2006)
- One Night with the King (2006)
- Sfuoco su di me (2006)
- Gilgamesh (2005)
- San Pietro (2005)
- Cineastas contra magnates (2005)
- The Search for Eternal Egypt (2005)
- Hollywood Legenden (2004)
- Hidalgo (2004)
- Petits mythes urbains (2003)
- 75 Years of the Academy Awards: An Unofficial History (2003)
- The 100 Greatest Musicals (2003)
- The Making of 'Lawrence of Arabia' (2003)
- Monsieur Ibrahim et les fleurs du Coran (2003)
- Pyramid (2002)
- Shaka Zulu: The Citadel (2001)
- The Parole Officer (2001)
- Censor (2001)
- The Making of 'Lawrence of Arabia' (2000)
- Going Public (2000)
- Legends (2000)
- Return of the Thief of Baghdad (1999)
- The 13th Warrior (1999)
- Mysteries of Egypt (1998)
- Heaven Before I Die (1997)
- Umm Kulthum (1996)
- Lebanon... Imprisoned Splendour (1996)
- Catherine the Great (1996)
- Gulliver's Travels (1996)
- Ça-Va? (1996)
- Lights, Camera, Action! A Century of the Cinema: A Star Is Born (1996)
- Especial humor: Vaya... y vuelta (1996)
- 'Doctor Zhivago': The Making of a Russian Epic (1995)
- 'Doctor Zhivago': The Making of a Russian Epic (1995)
- 'Doctor Zhivago': The Making of a Russian Epic (1995)
- Lie Down with Lions (1994)
- Mayrig (1993)
- Parabéns (1993)
- Parabéns (1993)
- Dehk, we leab we gad we hob (1993)
- Beyond Justice (1992)
- Tengoku no Taizai (1992)
- Mrs. 'Arris Goes to Paris (1992)
- 588 rue paradis (1992)
- Mayrig (1991)
- Al-moaten Masry (1991)
- Memories of Midnight (1991)
- Il principe del deserto (1991)
- Jonathan Ross Presents for One Week Only: Alejandro Jodorowsky (1991)
- The Rainbow Thief (1990)
- Viaggio d'amore (1990)
- Le roi de Patagonie (1990)
- The American Film Institute Salute to David Lean (1990)
- Mountains of the Moon (1990)
- Quattro piccole donne (1989)
- Al-aragoz (1989)
- Keys to Freedom (1988)
- Les possédés (1988)
- Les pyramides bleues (1988)
- Mysteries of the Pyramids (1988)
- Grand Larceny (1987)
- Harem (1986)
- Peter the Great (1986)
- Anastasia: The Mystery of Anna (1986)
- Bob Hope's Royal Command Performance from Sweden (1986)
- Edge of the Wind (1985)
- Vicious Circle (1985)
- Top Secret! (1984)
- Ayoub (1983)
- La Martingale (1983)
- Inchon (1981)
- Green Ice (1981)
- Margret Dünser, auf der Suche nach den Besonderen (1981)
- Oh Heavenly Dog (1980)
- The Baltimore Bullet (1980)
- S+H+E: Security Hazards Expert (1980)
- Pleasure Palace (1980)
- Ashanti (1979)
- Bloodline (1979)
- Mysteries of the Great Pyramid (1977)
- Ace Up My Sleeve (1976)
- The Pink Panther Strikes Again (1976)
- Funny Lady (1975)
- Funny Girl to Funny Lady (1975)
- Glen Campbell: The Campbells Are Coming (1974)
- The Tamarind Seed (1974)
- Juggernaut (1974)
- La isla misteriosa (1973)
- Le droit d'aimer (1972)
- Le casse (1971)
- Gala 71 (1971)
- The Last Valley (1971)
- The Horsemen (1971)
- Show Petula Clark (1971)
- The Festival Game (1970)
- Mackenna's Gold (1969)
- Che! (1969)
- Trois hommes sur un cheval (1969)
- The Appointment (1969)
- Mayerling (1968)
- Sophia: A Self-Portrait (1968)
- This Is Streisand (1968)
- This Is Streisand (1968)
- Funny Girl (1968)
- Vienna: The Years Remembered (1968)
- Lionpower from MGM (1967)
- The 39th Annual Academy Awards (1967)
- C'era una volta... (1967)
- The Night of the Generals (1967)
- Zhivago: Behind the Camera with David Lean (1966)
- Poppies Are Also Flowers (1966)
- Pasternak (1965)
- La fabuleuse aventure de Marco Polo (1965)
- Genghis Khan (1965)
- Doctor Zhivago (1965)
- The Car That Became a Star (1965)
- Moscow in Madrid (1965)
- El mamalik (1965)
- Behold a Pale Horse (1964)
- The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964)
- The Yellow Rolls-Royce (1964)
- The 35th Annual Academy Awards (1963)
- La tutfi el shams (1962)
- Lawrence of Arabia (1962)
- Bidaya wa nihaya (1961)
- Fi baitina rajul (1961)
- Hubbi el wahid (1961)
- Gharam el assiad (1961)
- Ishayat hub (1961)
- Nahr el hub (1961)
- Lawet el hub (1960)
- Min ajal emraa (1959)
- Maweed maa maghoul (1959)
- Fadiha fil Zamalek (1959)
- Sayedat el kasr (1959)
- Seraa fil Nil (1959)
- Shatie el asrar (1958)
- La anam (1958)
- Goha (1958)
- Ghaltet habibi (1958)
- Ard el salam (1957)
- La châtelaine du Liban (1956)
- Siraa Fil-Mina (1956)
- Ayyamine el helwa (1955)
- Siraa Fil-Wadi (1954)
- Shaytan al-Sahra (1954)
Omar, Sharif Filmography
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funny omar sharif
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:25
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/funny_omar_sharif
Omar Sharif on acting, religion, and the future
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:03
- Updated: 31 Oct 2012
In this 2008 interview, DNE speaks with Egyptian actor Omar Sharif on his career, religion, and his life spent on the road.
http://wn.com/Omar_Sharif_on_acting,_religion,_and_the_future
omar sharif umar shareef budha ghar per hai part 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:58
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
budha ghar per hai classic stage play by umar sharif
http://wn.com/omar_sharif_umar_shareef_budha_ghar_per_hai_part_1
Interview with Omar Sharif - Australia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:16
- Updated: 09 Nov 2012
June 2004 Interview with Omar Sharif. Produced by ABC Australia Distributed by Journeyman Pictures
http://wn.com/Interview_with_Omar_Sharif_Australia
Movie Legends - Omar Sharif
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:42
- Updated: 31 Oct 2012
Tribute to the Franco-Arabic Actor, best known films 'Dr Zhivago' (1965) and 'Lawrence of Arabia (1962)'
http://wn.com/Movie_Legends_Omar_Sharif
Harem (1986) (Ava Gardner, Omar Sharif, Nancy Travis)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 182:21
- Updated: 09 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Harem_1986_Ava_Gardner,_Omar_Sharif,_Nancy_Travis
omar sharif umar shareef budha ghar per hai part 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:59
- Updated: 20 Oct 2012
omar sharif budha ghar per hai classic play
http://wn.com/omar_sharif_umar_shareef_budha_ghar_per_hai_part_2
Omar Sharif's hollywood movies compilation (1 of 2 )
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:00
- Updated: 02 Oct 2012
compilation of some of Omar sharif's hollywood movies
http://wn.com/Omar_Sharif's_hollywood_movies_compilation_1_of_2_
Omar Sharif on "Lawrence of Arabia"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:56
- Updated: 03 Nov 2012
Oscar-nominated actor Omar Sharif's prerecorded introduction to the Academy's screening of the restoration of "Lawrence of Arabia" on July 19, 2012.
http://wn.com/Omar_Sharif_on_Lawrence_of_Arabia
umer sharif omar sharif show 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:27
- Updated: 07 Oct 2012
umar sharif nayee amma purana abba
http://wn.com/umer_sharif_omar_sharif_show_1
Omar Sharif Slaps Woman at Qatar Film Festival
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:54
- Updated: 07 Nov 2012
Hollywood legend Omar Sharif lost his cool at a film festival in Qatar and angrily slapped a woman right on the red carpet. Sharif was at the Doha Tribeca Film Festival for a screening of one of his movies ... when a woman approached him on the red carpet ... and tried to take a picture with the 79-year-old actor.
http://wn.com/Omar_Sharif_Slaps_Woman_at_Qatar_Film_Festival
Rameen And Omar Sharif --Qataghani Parde Awal 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:39
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
Song: Qataghani 2012 Artists: Rameen & Omar Sharif Composer: Shadkam Music by: Elyar Sohill Director: Daud Ahmadi www.creativevision.tv Website: www.kabulmusik.de Facebook www.facebook.com Email: KabulMusik@hotmail.de
http://wn.com/Rameen_And_Omar_Sharif_--Qataghani_Parde_Awal_2012
Riz Khan - Omar Sharif - 10 Oct 07
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 17:13
- Updated: 08 Oct 2012
The acting legend, now in his 70s, is still active in Western and Egyptian cinema.
http://wn.com/Riz_Khan_Omar_Sharif_10_Oct_07
omar sharif umar shareef budha ghar per hai part 3
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:58
- Updated: 16 Oct 2012
classic urdu comedy
http://wn.com/omar_sharif_umar_shareef_budha_ghar_per_hai_part_3
Omar Sharif and Julie Christie in Dr Zhivago
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:11
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
tribute to omar & Julie in one of my favourite films. music is 'eyes of eternity' by era
http://wn.com/Omar_Sharif_and_Julie_Christie_in_Dr_Zhivago
Rameen and Omar Sharif New Song Dukht Herat Afg Mast song 2010
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:19
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
Rameen and Omar Sharif New Song Dukht Herat Afg Mast song 2010 Filmed In Spain
http://wn.com/Rameen_and_Omar_Sharif_New_Song_Dukht_Herat_Afg_Mast_song_2010
Omar Sharif Talking about the future of film making
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:07
- Updated: 09 Nov 2012
Omar Sharif Talking about the future of film making
http://wn.com/Omar_Sharif_Talking_about_the_future_of_film_making
Herman José entrevista Omar Sharif no Parabéns
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 35:48
- Updated: 12 Oct 2012
RTP 1995
http://wn.com/Herman_José_entrevista_Omar_Sharif_no_Parabéns
Dr. Zhivago - Omar Sharif, Julie Christie (Classic Movie)1965
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:40
- Updated: 06 Nov 2012
oreste232- Beatiful Movie of David Lean, Julie Christie as Lara, Omar Sharif as Yuri Zhivago, music Maurice Jarre (The great actor Omar Sharif)
http://wn.com/Dr_Zhivago_Omar_Sharif,_Julie_Christie_Classic_Movie1965
Omar Sharif & Catherine Deneuve in Mayerling
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:33
- Updated: 09 Nov 2012
tribute to omar and catherine in mayerling
http://wn.com/Omar_Sharif_Catherine_Deneuve_in_Mayerling
66th Venice Film Festival - Omar Sharif - Ahmed Maher
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:39
- Updated: 22 Aug 2012
Al Mosafer - tv call
http://wn.com/66th_Venice_Film_Festival_Omar_Sharif_Ahmed_Maher
Omar Sharif
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:08
- Updated: 12 Jun 2012
Moments of Truth: Entertainment - Vol. 04 The exciting world of entertainment is unraveled with this compelling collection of stories. Evergreen reports on great actors, hit movies, industry events, super singers -- the list goes on and on...
http://wn.com/Omar_Sharif
The Last Valley, Omar Sharif & Michael Caine
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:29
- Updated: 06 Sep 2012
tribute to the movie 'the last valley' starring omar sharif and michael caine. music by era
http://wn.com/The_Last_Valley,_Omar_Sharif_Michael_Caine
Photo: AP / Charles Dharapak
09 Nov 2012
Our children and grandchildren will live in a vastly different global economy China and India have ramped up investment in public education, increasing high school attendance and graduation rates....
Photo: AP / Mohammad Hussain
11 Nov 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling Acts of terror that strikes fear in the hearts and minds of people, such as unexpected and secretive deadly drone strikes, are always wars against hope....
Photo: AP / Khin Maung Win
09 Nov 2012
In recent months, communal violence in Burma's Rakhine state has left about 140 people dead and forced more than 100,000 from their homes. With Buddhist and Muslim communities effectively...
Photo: AP / Osama Faisal
10 Nov 2012
DOHA, Qatar -- Syriaâs biggest political opposition bloc Friday elected a Christian, George Sabra, as president, a move Sabra said showed that the Muslim-majority nation will not allow its national...
Photo: US Army / by Pfc. Cameron Boyd
11 Nov 2012
KABUL (Reuters) - Pakistan hopes to persuade Afghan insurgent groups, including the lethal Haqqani network, to pursue peace but worries resistance from political factions opposed to the Taliban could...
Messi brace inspires Barca
11 Nov 2012
Al Jazeera
Leaders Barcelona extended their near-perfect start but again suffered the defensive lapses that have plagued them this season when Lionel Messi netted twice in a 4-2 Primera Division win at Real Mallorca on Sunday. Unbeaten Barca's 10th victory in 11 matches stretched their advantage over...(size: 18.1Kb)
The Times of India
MADRID: Lionel Messi struck twice as leaders Barcelona survived a second-half spellof pressure at Mallorca to win 4-2 and strengthen their position at the top of La Liga on Sunday. Xavi Hernandez, Messi and Cristian Tello got first-half goals for the Catalans before Victor Casadesus and Michael...(size: 3.6Kb)
ESPN
Two goals by Lionel Messi inspired leaders Barcelona to at Mallorca after the hosts had threatened to derail their visitors' bid for a 10th win in this season's Primera Division. GettyImagesChristian Tello celebrates for Barcelona Barcelona were cruising at 3-0 up at half-time...(size: 1.8Kb)
Messi nets twice as shaky Barca beat Mallorca
11 Nov 2012
The Guardian
* World Player hits double in 4-2 victory * Barca six points clear of Atletico Madrid * Valencia draw, Bilbao hold on for win (Adds Barca-Mallorca result, byline)...(size: 11.3Kb)
Mashable
Rihanna transformed the Saturday Night Live stage — typically designed as a train station — into a green screen experience that looked like an ever-changing animated desktop screensaver. For Rihanna‘s performance of “Diamonds,” the green screen and even the band...(size: 18.3Kb)
Valencia draw at Valladolid
11 Nov 2012
Sporting Life
Valencia claimed their first away point in five league games with a 1-1 draw at Valladolid. Aly Cissokho had headed the visitors into the lead after just 15 minutes but the French defender went from hero to villain in the second half when he brought down Omar Ramos to concede a penalty and was shown...(size: 3.4Kb)
ANC poll fraud
11 Nov 2012
Independent online (SA)
President Jacob Zuma and the ANC’s national working committee (NWC) have demanded an investigation into the rising allegations of fraud and corruption during branch nomination meetings, irregularities that could undermine the integrity of the party’s conference in Mangaung next month....(size: 6.4Kb)
GroundReport
Agore/Jammu, November 11 (Scoop News) -Political Advisor to the Chief Minister Devender Singh Rana said that opening of Jammu - Sialkote road will be a new milestone in the Indo-Pak relations and will help in improving people to people contact across the border. Rana who was addressing party workers...(size: 2.6Kb)
Valencia grab away point November 11, 2012
11 Nov 2012
ESPN
Valencia claimed their first away point in five league games with a draw at Valladolid. PA PhotosAly Cissokho scored...(size: 0.8Kb)
GroundReport
Jammu, November 11 (Scoop News) âAsserting that the J&K; is passing through a golden era of development under the dynamic leadership of Chief Minister Jenab Omar Abdullah, the minister for Industries & Commerce  Slathia has said that commitments made to the people will be fulfilled with an...(size: 1.9Kb)
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For other people of the same name, see Omar Sharif (disambiguation).
This article is about the Egyptian actor. For the Pakistani comedian, see Umer Sharif.
| Omar Sharif عمر الشريف |
|
|---|---|
.jpg) Omar Sharif, September 2009 |
|
| Born | Michel Demitri Shalhoub (1932-04-10) April 10, 1932 (age 80) Alexandria, Egypt |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1954–present |
| Religion | Islam |
| Spouse | Faten Hamama (1954-74) |
Omar Sharif (Arabic: عمر الشريف, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [ˈʕomɑɾˤ eʃʃɪˈɾiːf]; born Michel Demitri Shalhoub, [ˈmɑjkel dɪˈmitɾi ʃælˈhuːb]; April 10, 1932) is an Egyptian actor who has starred in Hollywood films including Lawrence of Arabia, Doctor Zhivago and Funny Girl. He has been nominated for an Academy Award and has won two Golden Globe Awards.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Omar Sharif was born Michel Dimitri Shalhoub in Alexandria into a Catholic Lebanese family.[1][2][3][4][5][6] Sharif graduated from Victoria College, where he was classmates with Edward W. Said. Sharif later graduated from Cairo University with degrees in both mathematics and physics.
Acting career[link]
 |
This biographical section of an article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (April 2012) |
File:Sharif in Lawrence of Arabia.png
Sharif in Lawrence of Arabia
In 1953, Sharif began his acting career with a role in Sira` Fi al-Wadi. He quickly rose to stardom, appearing in over 20 Egyptian productions including Ayyamna el helwa with singer Abdel Halim Hafez, La anam in 1958, Sayedat el kasr in 1959 and the Anna Karenina adaptation Nahr el hub in 1961. He also starred with his wife, Egyptian actress Faten Hamama, in several movies as romantic leads.
Sharif's first English language film was in the role of Sherif Ali in David Lean's Lawrence of Arabia in 1962. This performance earned him a Best Supporting Actor Oscar nomination and a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture. Following this breakthrough role, Sharif played a variety of characters, including a Spanish priest in Behold a Pale Horse (1964) and the Mongolian conqueror in Ghengis Khan (1965). In the same year, Sharif reunited with Lean to play the title role in Doctor Zhivago, an adaptation of Boris Pasternak’s novel. Over the next few years, Sharif starred as a German military officer in The Night of the Generals, as Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria in Mayerling and as Che Guevara in Che!. Sharif was also acclaimed for his portrayal of Nicky Arnstein, husband to Fanny Brice in Funny Girl, though some thought he was miscast as a New York Jewish gambler. His decision to work with co-star Barbra Streisand angered Egypt's government at the time due to Streisand's support for the state of Israel. Streisand herself responded with "You think Cairo was upset? You should've seen the letter I got from my Aunt Rose!" Sharif reprised the role in the film’s sequel, Funny Lady in 1975.
In 2003, he received acclaim for his role in the French-language film adaptation of the novel Monsieur Ibrahim et les fleurs du Coran, as a Muslim Turkish merchant who becomes a father figure for a Jewish boy.
Contract bridge career[link]
Sharif once ranked among the world's best known contract bridge players, forming the "Omar Sharif Bridge Circus" in 1967 which toured the world, competing against such powerhouse teams as Blue Team and Dallas Aces, at a time when barnstorming bridge teams were very popular. With Charles Goren, Sharif co-wrote a syndicated newspaper bridge column for the Chicago Tribune[7] for several years, but has mostly turned over the writing of the column to Tannah Hirsch, whose name appears on the byline with Sharif to this day. He is also both author and co-author of several books on bridge and has licensed his name to a bridge video game; initially released in a MS-DOS version and Amiga version in 1992, Omar Sharif Bridge is still sold in Windows and "mobile platform" versions.[8] For a number of years his partner at international tournaments was Egyptian contract bridge superstar Maged Elewa.
Sharif has been a regular in casinos in France.[9]
In 2006, Sharif declared both pastimes as ended when he was asked if he still played bridge: "I've stopped altogether. I decided I didn't want to be a slave to any passion any more except for my work. I had too many passions, bridge, horses, gambling. I want to live a different kind of life, be with my family more because I didn't give them enough time."[10]
Personal life[link]
Sharif is fluent in Arabic, English, Greek, and French. He also speaks some Italian, Spanish and Turkish.[11]
Family and personal relationships[link]
Sharif lived in his native Egypt from birth in 1932 until he moved to Europe in 1965.[12] He recounts that, in 1932, his father "wasn't a wealthy man", but "earned quite a bit of money".[13] Before the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, King Farouk frequented Sharif's family's house, and became a friend and card game partner of Sharif's mother. His mother was an elegant and charming hostess who was all too delighted with the association because it gave her the privilege of "consorting only with the elite" of Egyptian society. Sharif also recounts that his father's timber business was very successful during that time, in ways that Sharif himself describes as dishonest or immoral.[14]
By contrast, after 1952, Sharif states[15] that wealth changed hands (or names) in Egypt, under Nasser's nationalization policies. His father's business "took a beating". Travel restrictions in the form of "exit visas" were required of Egyptians, and his own travel to take part in international films was sometimes impeded, which he could not tolerate. The Nasser government's travel restrictions[16] influenced Omar's decision to remain in Europe between his film shoots, a decision that cost him his marriage to Egyptian film legend Faten Hamama, though they remained friends. It was a major cross-roads in Omar's life and changed him from an established family man to a life-long bachelor living in European hotels. When commenting about his fame and life in Hollywood, Sharif said, "It gave me glory, but it gave me loneliness also. And a lot of missing my own land, my own people and my own country."[17] Due to the state of war between Egypt and Israel, Sharif's Egyptian citizenship was almost withdrawn by the Egyptian Government when his affair with Barbra Streisand was made public in the Egyptian press due to Streisand's vocal support of Israel.[18]
In 1955, Omar El-Sharif converted to Islam and then married Egyptian actress Faten Hamama.[19] The couple had one son, Tarek El-Sharif, who appeared in Doctor Zhivago as Yuri at the age of eight. They separated in 1966 and the marriage ended in 1974.[20] Sharif never remarried; he stated that since his divorce, he never fell in love with another woman, and that, although he lived abroad for years, it was not possible for him to fall in love with a woman who was not Egyptian.[21][22]
_9.jpg)
Sharif became friends with Peter O'Toole during the making of Lawrence of Arabia. They have appeared in several other films together and remain close friends. He is also good friends with Egyptologist Zahi Hawass. Actor and friend Tom Courtenay revealed in an interview for the July 19, 2008, edition of BBC Radio's Test Match Special that Sharif supported Hull City Association Football Club and in the 1970s would telephone their automated scoreline from his home in Paris for score updates. Sharif was given an honorary degree by the University Of Hull in 2010 and used the occasion to meet up with Hull City football player Ken Wagstaff.[23]
At present, Sharif resides mostly in Cairo with his family.[24] In addition to his son, he has two grandsons, Omar (born 1983 Montreal) and Karim.[25]
Omar's elder grandson, Omar Sharif, Jr., is also an actor.[26] He is most recently known for playfully tussling on stage at the 83rd Academy Awards ceremony with actor Kirk Douglas, who was presenting the award for Best Supporting Actress that evening.[27] Sharif Jr. also generated buzz for coming out as both gay and half Jewish during the aftermath of the 2011 Egyptian revolution, saying he fears for his safety after Islamist parties' triumph in parliamentary elections.[28]
Health problems[link]
Sharif underwent a triple bypass surgery in 1992, and suffered a mild heart attack in 1994. Sharif had smoked 50 cigarettes a day; after the surgery, he quit easily.[citation needed] Sharif then met his now close friend and lawyer Nabil Mounier. When Sharif visits Egypt, he stays in Nabil Mounier's residence in Cairo. Sharif met Mounier at the same hospital where he had his surgery; Mounier was there because his wife was in labor. They met through a mutual friend, Naguib Mahfouz, who would divide his time between both men's hospital rooms. From that day on, Sharif and Mounier became very close friends. They both attended their mutual friend's funeral in 2006 at the El-Rashdan Mosque in Nasr City.
Criminal conviction[link]
On August 5, 2003, he received a one-month suspended prison sentence for striking a police officer in a suburban Parisian casino in July. He was fined the equivalent of $1,700 (USD) and ordered to pay the officer the equivalent of $340 in damages. (He had insulted and then head-butted the Pontoise policeman, who tried to intervene in an argument between the actor and a roulette croupier.)[citation needed] On February 13, 2007 Sharif was "found guilty of assaulting a Beverly Hills parking lot attendant and breaking his nose".[29]
Doha Tribeca Film Festival[link]
On October 27, 2011 Omar Sharif became irritated with a woman who was queued up to have her photo taken with him on the red carpet at Doha Tribeca Film Festival. It appeared that he struck her, but after a moment he turned and leaned in to smile warmly for a picture with her.[30]
Political views[link]
Sharif said the East will never have a democracy because people like him prefer to go to the neighborhood sheikh. In the interview, Sharif reportedly blasted U.S. policy in Iraq and said Americans are ignorant. Sharif also claimed to have spoken with U.S President George W. Bush before the beginning of the Iraq War, telling him that Arabs were not like westerners and that Arab states were made up of sects resistant to becoming democratized.[31][32]
Views on religion[link]
In an interview conducted with The Daily News Egypt, Omar Sharif mentioned his views on religion, and religious people:
When one sees what happens in the world between the religions, the different religions - killing each other and murdering each other, it's disgusting and as far as I am concerned it's ridiculous. So I thought I might be useful, I believe in God and I believe in religion, but believe religions should belong to you. The extraordinary thing is that the Jews believe that only the Jews can go to paradise, the Christians believe that only a Christian can go to paradise and the Muslims believe that only the Muslims can go to paradise. Now why should God, in his great justice, make somebody born that cannot go to paradise - it is absurd. Please forgive me I don't mean to say it's absurd, people made it absurd.[33]
Awards[link]
In November 2005, he was given a medal by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in recognition of his significant contributions to world film and cultural diversity. The medal—which is handed out very infrequently—is named after Russian director Sergei Eisenstein and can only be given out a total of 25 times by Russia's Mosfilm.
Filmography[link]
Bibliography[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Omar Sharif |
- The Eternal Male (1977)
- Omar Sharif's Life in Bridge (1983)
- Omar Sharif talks Bridge (2004)
- Bridge Deluxe II play with Omar Sharif (Instruction manual)
References[link]
- ^ http://hajumrahdays.com/omar-sharif-an-arab-legend
- ^ "Omar Sharif is 70 today". Birmingham Post. October 10, 2002. "Egyptian actor Omar Sharif"
- ^ "AP Interview: Egyptian-born movie legend credits grandsons' teasing for career rebound". Associated Press. "born as Michel Shalhoub to affluent Christian Lebanese-Syrian parents and later converted to Islam."
- ^ "Omar Sharif's back". The Toronto Star. September 9, 2003. "He was born Michael Shalhoub in Alexandria, Egypt, on April 10, 1932, the son of a wealthy Lebanese-Egyptian family."
- ^ "Star Watch". Associated Press. May 19, 1995. "Of Lebanese parentage, he was born Michael Shalhoub in Alexandria and attended college in Cairo"
- ^ "AP Interview: Egyptian-born movie legend wants to send message in his new movies". Associated Press. October 28, 2005. "born in Alexandria, Egypt as Michel Shalhoub to affluent Christian Lebanese-Syrian parents and later converted to Islam."
- ^ "Change of Subject - Observations, reports, tips, referrals and tirades Chicago Tribune Blog". Chicago Tribune. September 6, 2005. http://blogs.chicagotribune.com/news_columnists_ezorn/2005/09/bridges_to_the_.html.
- ^ http://www.thetradingcentre.co.uk/products.asp?category=Omar+Sharif+Bridge
- ^ "Omar Sharif sued for assault". (November 6, 2005). New Sunday Times, p. 29.
- ^ ReelTalk Movie Reviews
- ^ http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,,00.html "Q&A With Omar Sharif" (December 8, 2003). Rebecca Winters, .
- ^ Sharif, Omar (1977), The Eternal Male: My Own Story, Doubleday, NY, 1st Ed., p. 41.
- ^ Sharif, Omar (1977), The Eternal Male: My Own Story, Doubleday, NY, 1st Ed., pp. 45-46.
- ^ Sharif, Omar (1977), The Eternal Male: My Own Story, Doubleday, NY, 1st Ed., p. 46.
- ^ Sharif, Omar (1977), The Eternal Male: My Own Story, Doubleday, NY, 1st Ed., p. 98.
- ^ Al-Jazeerah English: Riz Khan Interview with Omar Sharif Time. 11:25. 2007-10-10
- ^ Al-Jazeerah English: Riz Khan Interview with Omar Sharif. Time 6:15. 2007-10-10
- ^ Sharif, Omar (1977), The Eternal Male: My Own Story, Doubleday, NY, 1st Ed., p. 79.
- ^ Sharif, Omar (1977), The Eternal Male: My Own Story, Doubleday, NY, 1st Ed., p. 71.
- ^ Al-Jazeerah English: Riz Khan Interview with Omar Sharif. Time 5:40. 2007-10-10
- ^ Al-Jazeerah English: Riz Khan Interview with Omar Sharif. Time 10:00. 2007-10-10
- ^ Orbit: Cairo Today Interview with Omar Sharif Part 1/5. Time 9:30. 2007-10-10
- ^ They are two of the greatest names in film history
- ^ Al-Jazeerah English: Riz Khan Interview with Omar Sharif. Time 11:30. 2007-10-10
- ^ Al-Jazeerah English: Riz Khan Interview with Omar Sharif. Time 12:50. 2007-10-10
- ^ When Kirk met Omar: A Hollywood story
- ^ Introducing Omar Sharif Jr. | Film | The Advocate
- ^ Omar Sharif Jr. comes out as gay, half Jewish: 'Am I welcome in Egypt?'. ABCNews.com. 2012-03-18. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
- ^ Omar Sharif guilty of punch attack
- ^ "You've Been Framed? Omar Sharif appears to slap a woman on film during a red carpet appearance at a Film Festival". Daily Mail (London). October 28, 2011. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2054449/Omar-Sharif-appears-slap-woman-film-Qatar-Film-Festival.html?ito=feeds-newsxml#.
- ^ Actor Omar Sharif Says Arab Nations Will Never Be Democratized
- ^ Orbit: Cairo Today Interview with Omar Sharif Part 5/5. Time 5:45. 2007-10-10
- ^ YouTube - Omar Sharif on acting, religion, and the future
External links[link]
- Omar Sharif at the Internet Movie Database
- Omar Sharif at ElCinema.com (Arabic)
- The Making of Lawrence of Arabia, Digitised BAFTA Journal (Winter 1962-3)
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Sharif, Omar |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Actor |
| Date of birth | April 10, 1932 |
| Place of birth | Alexandria, Egypt |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For other uses, see Sharif (disambiguation).
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Sharīf (Arabic: شريف šarīf) or Chérif is a traditional Arab tribal title given to those who serve as the protector of the tribe and all tribal assets, such as property, wells, and land. In origin, the word is an adjective meaning "noble", "highborn". The feminine singular is sharifa(h) (Arabic: شريفة šarīfah). The masculine plural is Ashraf (Arabic: اشراف ʾašrāf).
Primarily Sunnis in the Arab world reserve the term sharif for descendants of Hasan ibn Ali, while sayyid is used for descendants of Husayn ibn Ali. Both Hasan and Husayn are grandchildren of Prophet Muhammad, through the marriage of his cousin Ali and his daughter Fatima. However ever since the post-Hashemite era began, the term sayyid has been used to denote descendants from both Hasan and Husayn. Arab Shiites use the terms sayyid and habib to denote descendants from both Hasan and Husayn; see also ashraf.
From 1201 until the Hejaz was conquered by Ibn Saud in 1925, this family held the office of the Sharīf of Mecca, often also carrying the title and office of King of Hejaz. Descendants now rule the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the name being taken from the Banu Hashim, the sub-tribe of Banu Quraish, to which Prophet Muhammad belonged.
In Morocco, several of the regnal dynasties have been qualified as "Sharifian", being descendants of Prophet Muhammad. Today's Alaouite dynasty is also considered to be Sharifian.
The word has no etymological connection with the English term sheriff, which comes from the Old English word scīrgerefa, meaning "shire-reeve", the local reeve (enforcement agent) of the king in the shire (county).
See also[link]
Notes[link]
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http://de.wn.com/Scherif
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) |
| Ava Gardner | |
|---|---|
 a 1953 publicity photo |
|
| Born | Ava Lavinia Gardner (1922-12-24)December 24, 1922 Grabtown, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Died | January 25, 1990(1990-01-25) (aged 67) Westminster, London, England, UK |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1941–86 |
| Spouse |
Mickey Rooney (m. 1942–1943) «start: (1942)–end+1: (1944)»"Marriage: Mickey Rooney to Ava Gardner" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Ava_Gardner) |
Ava Lavinia Gardner (December 24, 1922 – January 25, 1990) was an American actress.
She was signed to a contract by MGM Studios in 1941 and appeared mainly in small roles until she drew attention with her performance in The Killers (1946). She became one of Hollywood's leading actresses, considered one of the most beautiful women of her day. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her work in Mogambo (1953).
She appeared in several high-profile films from the 1950s to 1970s, including The Hucksters (1947), Show Boat (1951), The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952), The Barefoot Contessa (1954), Bhowani Junction (1956), On the Beach (1959), Seven Days in May (1964), The Night of the Iguana (1964), The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean (1972), Earthquake (1974), and The Cassandra Crossing (1976). Gardner continued to act regularly until 1986, four years before her death from pneumonia, at age 67, in 1990.
She is listed 25th among the American Film Institute's Greatest female stars.[1]
Contents |
Early years[link]
Gardner was born in the big farming community of Grabtown, Johnston County, North Carolina, the youngest of seven children (she had two brothers, Raymond and Melvin, and four sisters, Beatrice, Elsie Mae, Inez, and Myra). Her parents, Mary Elizabeth "Mollie" (née Baker) and Jonas Bailey Gardner, were poor cotton and tobacco farmers. Her ancestry was said to include Scots-Irish, English, Irish, French Huguenot, and American Indian (Tuscarora).[2][3][4] She was raised a Baptist. While the children still were young, the Gardners lost their property, forcing Jonas Gardner to work at a sawmill and Mollie to begin working as a cook and housekeeper at a dormitory for teachers at the nearby Brogden School.
When Gardner was seven years old, the family decided to try their luck in a larger city, Newport News, Virginia, where Mollie Gardner found work managing a boardinghouse for the city's many shipworkers. While in Newport News, Gardner's father became ill and died from bronchitis in 1938, when Ava was 15 years old. After Jonas Gardner's death, the family moved to Rock Ridge near Wilson, North Carolina, where Mollie Gardner ran another boarding house for teachers. Ava Gardner attended high school in Rock Ridge and she graduated from there in 1939. She then attended secretarial classes at Atlantic Christian College in Wilson for about a year.
Early career[link]
Gardner was visiting her sister Beatrice ("Bappie") in New York in 1941 when Beatrice's husband Larry Tarr, a professional photographer, offered to take her portrait. He was so pleased with the results that he displayed the finished product in the front window of his Tarr Photography Studio on 25th Avenue.[citation needed] A Loews Theatres legal clerk, Barnard "Barney" Duhan, spotted Gardner's photo in Tarr's studio. At the time, Duhan often posed as an MGM talent scout to meet girls, using the fact that MGM was a subsidiary of Loews. Duhan entered Tarr's and tried to get Gardner's number, but was rebuffed by the receptionist. Duhan made the offhand comment, "Somebody should send her info to MGM", and the Tarrs did so immediately. Shortly after, Gardner, who at the time was a student at Atlantic Christian College, traveled to New York to be interviewed at MGM's New York office by Al Altman, head of MGM's New York talent department. With cameras rolling, he directed the eighteen-year-old to walk toward the camera, turn and walk away, then rearrange some flowers in a vase. He did not attempt to record her voice because her Southern accent made it almost impossible for him to understand her. Though Al thought Ava the most beautiful woman he'd ever seen, he believed the test was a disaster and was completely surprised by what he saw in the screening room. On screen she was magnetic. The camera loved her. He sent the test to Hollywood. Louis B. Mayer, head of the studio, sent a telegram to Al: "She can't sing, she can't act, she can't talk, She's terrific!" She was offered a standard contract by MGM, and left school for Hollywood in 1941 with her sister Bappie accompanying her. MGM's first order of business was to provide her a speech coach, as her Carolina drawl was nearly incomprehensible to them.[5]
Career[link]
Gardner came to prominence in the Mark Hellinger-produced smash hit film noir The Killers (1946), which introduced Burt Lancaster to the screen in the lead role.
Other films include The Hucksters (1947) with Clark Gable, Show Boat (1951), The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) with Gregory Peck, Lone Star (1952) with Clark Gable, Mogambo (1953) with Clark Gable and Grace Kelly, 1954's The Barefoot Contessa with Humphrey Bogart (which some consider to be Gardner's "signature film" since it mirrored her real life custom of going barefoot), Bhowani Junction (1956), The Sun Also Rises with Tyrone Power and Errol Flynn (in which she played party-girl Brett Ashley) (1957), and the film version of Nevil Shute's best-selling On the Beach with Peck and Fred Astaire. Off-camera, she could be witty and pithy, as in her assessment of director John Ford, who directed Mogambo ("The meanest man on earth. Thoroughly evil. Adored him!")[6]
Gardner again appeared with Lancaster, this time paired with Kirk Douglas, in Seven Days in May (1962), a taut thriller about a military takeover of the US government. She found herself billed between Charlton Heston and David Niven in the epic 55 Days at Peking in 1963, a lavish version of the Chinese revolt against foreign control during the Boxer Rebellion in 1900.
The following year, she played her last great leading role in a superlative film, The Night of the Iguana (1964), based upon a Tennessee Williams play and starring Richard Burton as an atheist clergyman and Deborah Kerr as a gentle artist traveling with her aged poet grandfather. John Huston directed the movie in Puerto Vallarta Mexico, insisting on making the film in black and white, a decision he later regretted because of the vivid colors of the flora. Gardner received billing below Burton but above Deborah Kerr. Gardner was nominated for a BAFTA and a Golden Globe award for her hearty performance in this signature role.
Two years later, in 1966, Gardner briefly sought the role of Mrs. Robinson in Mike Nichols' The Graduate (1967). She reportedly called Nichols and said, "I want to see you! I want to talk about this Graduate thing!" Nichols never seriously considered her for the part, preferring to cast a younger woman (Anne Bancroft was 36 while Gardner was 45), but he did visit her hotel, where he later recounted that "she sat at a little French desk with a telephone, she went through every movie star cliché. She said, 'All right, let's talk about your movie. First of all, I strip for nobody.'"[7]
Gardner moved to London, England in 1968, undergoing an elective hysterectomy to allay her worries of contracting the uterine cancer that had claimed the life of her own mother. That year, she made what some consider to be one of her best films, Mayerling, in which she played the supporting role of Austrian Empress Elisabeth of Austria opposite James Mason as Emperor Franz Joseph I.
She appeared in a number of disaster films throughout the 1970s, notably Earthquake (1974) with Charlton Heston, The Cassandra Crossing (1976), and the Canadian movie City on Fire (1979). She also appeared briefly as Lillie Langtry at the end of The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean (1972) with Paul Newman and Jacqueline Bisset, and in The Blue Bird (1976) with Elizabeth Taylor and Jane Fonda.
Her last movie was Regina Roma (1982), a direct-to-video release. In the 1980s she acted primarily on television, including the miniseries remake of The Long Hot Summer (1985) and the prime-time soap opera Knots Landing, also in 1985. In 1986 she appeared in her two final projects, the TV movies Harem and Maggie.
Marriages and relationships[link]
Mickey Rooney[link]
Soon after her arrival in Los Angeles, Gardner met fellow MGM contract player Mickey Rooney; they married on January 10, 1942, in Ballard, California; she was 19 years old and he was 21. They divorced in 1943. He reputedly rhapsodized about their sex life later, but Gardner said, "He may have enjoyed the sex, but [goodness knows] I didn't."[citation needed] She once characterized their marriage as "Love Finds Andy Hardy".
Howard Hughes[link]
Gardner became a friend of businessman and aviator Howard Hughes in the early to mid-1940s and the relationship lasted into the 1950s.[8] Ava stated in her autobiography Ava: My Story, that she was never in love with Howard Hughes, but he was in and out of her life for about twenty years. Howard's trust in Ava was what kept their relationship alive. She describes him as "painfully shy, completely enigmatic and more eccentric...than anyone [she] had ever met." [9]
Artie Shaw[link]
Gardner's second marriage was brief and to jazz musician and band leader Artie Shaw, from 1945 to 1946.
Frank Sinatra[link]
Gardner's third and last marriage (1951–1957) was to singer and actor Frank Sinatra. She would later say in her autobiography that he was the love of her life. Sinatra left his wife, Nancy, for Ava and their subsequent marriage made headlines. Sinatra was savaged by gossip columnists Hedda Hopper and Louella Parsons, the Hollywood establishment, the Roman Catholic Church and by his fans for leaving his wife for a noted femme fatale. Gardner used her considerable influence, particularly with Harry Cohn's wife, to get Sinatra cast in his Oscar-winning role in From Here to Eternity (1953). That role and the award revitalized both Sinatra's acting and singing careers.
The Gardner-Sinatra marriage was tumultuous. Gardner confided to Artie Shaw, her second husband, that “With him [Frank] it’s impossible…it’s like being with a woman. He’s so gentle. It’s as though he thinks I’ll break, as though I’m a piece of Dresden china and he’s gonna hurt me.” [10] During their marriage Gardner became pregnant twice, but she had two abortions. "MGM had all sorts of penalty clauses about their stars having babies," she said.[11] She said years later, "We couldn't even take care of ourselves. How were we going to take care of a baby?"[citation needed] Gardner and Sinatra remained good friends for the rest of her life.
Luis Miguel Dominguín[link]
Gardner divorced Sinatra in 1957 and headed to Spain where she began a friendship with writer Ernest Hemingway. While staying with Hemingway at his villa in San Francisco de Paula in Havana, Cuba, Gardner once swam alone with no bathing suit in his pool. After watching her, Hemingway ordered his staff: "The water is not to be emptied".[12] Gardner's friendship with Hemingway led to her becoming a fan of bullfighting and bullfighters such as Luis Miguel Dominguín, who became her lover. "It was a sort of madness, honey," she said later of the time.[citation needed]
Final years and death[link]
After a lifetime of smoking, Gardner suffered from emphysema, a terminal disease, in addition to an auto-immune disorder (which may have been lupus).[citation needed] Two strokes in 1986 left her partially paralyzed and bedridden. Although Gardner could afford her medical expenses, Sinatra wanted to pay for her to visit a specialist in the United States, and she allowed him to make the arrangements for a medically-staffed private plane. Her last words (to her housekeeper Carmen), were reportedly, "I'm so tired," before she died of pneumonia at the age of 67. After her death, Sinatra's daughter, Tina, found him slumped in his room, crying, and unable to speak.[13]
Gardner was not only the love of his life, but also was the inspiration for one of his most personal songs, "I'm a Fool to Want You", which Sinatra (who received a co-writing credit for the song) recorded twice, toward the end of his contract with Columbia Records and during his years on Capitol Records. ("It was Ava who taught him how to sing a torch song",[citation needed] Sinatra arranger Nelson Riddle was once quoted as saying.) Because of the presence of a black limousine parked behind the crowd of 500 mourners, it was reported that Sinatra attended her funeral; it turned out to be a hairstylist from Fayetteville, North Carolina, who felt that a limousine was the only appropriate mode of transportation to Gardner's funeral. A floral arrangement at Gardner's graveside simply read: "With My Love, Francis".[citation needed]
Gardner was buried in the Sunset Memorial Park, Smithfield, North Carolina, next to her brothers and their parents, Jonah (1878–1938) and Mollie Gardner (1883–1943). The town of Smithfield now has an Ava Gardner Museum.
Award Nominations[link]
Gardner was nominated for an Academy Award for Mogambo (1953); the award was won by Audrey Hepburn for Roman Holiday. Her performance as Maxine Faulk in The Night of the Iguana (1964), was well reviewed, and she was nominated a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe.
Film portrayals[link]
Gardner has been portrayed by Marcia Gay Harden in the TV miniseries Sinatra, Deborah Kara Unger in HBO's The Rat Pack, Kate Beckinsale in the 2004 Howard Hughes biopic, The Aviator and Anna Drijver in the 2012 Italian TV film Walter Chiari - Fino all'ultima risata.[14]
Filmography[link]
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1941 | Shadow of the Thin Man | Passerby | |
| H.M. Pulham, Esq. | Young Socialite | ||
| Babes on Broadway | Pitt-Astor Girl | ||
| 1942 | Joe Smith - American | Miss Maynard, Secretary | |
| This Time for Keeps | Girl in car lighting cigarette | ||
| Kid Glove Killer | Car Hop | ||
| Sunday Punch | Ringsider | ||
| Calling Dr. Gillespie | Graduating student at Miss Hope's | ||
| Reunion in France | Marie, a salesgirl | ||
| 1943 | Hitler's Madman | Franciska Pritric a Student | |
| Ghosts on the Loose | Betty | ||
| Young Ideas | Co-ed | ||
| Du Barry Was a Lady | Perfume Girl | ||
| Swing Fever | Receptionist | ||
| Lost Angel | Hat Check Girl | ||
| 1944 | Two Girls and a Sailor | Dream Girl | |
| Three Men in White | Jean Brown | ||
| Maisie Goes to Reno | Gloria Fullerton | ||
| Blonde Fever | Bit Role | ||
| 1945 | She Went to the Races | Hilda Spotts | |
| 1946 | Whistle Stop | Mary | |
| The Killers | Kitty Collins | ||
| 1947 | Singapore | Linda Grahame/Ann Van Leyden | |
| The Hucksters | Jean Ogilvie | ||
| 1948 | One Touch of Venus | Venus | |
| 1949 | The Bribe | Elizabeth Hintten | |
| The Great Sinner | Pauline Ostrovsky | ||
| East Side, West Side | Isabel Lorrison | ||
| 1951 | Pandora and the Flying Dutchman | Pandora Reynolds | |
| My Forbidden Past | Barbara Beaurevel | ||
| Show Boat | Julie LaVerne | ||
| 1952 | Lone Star | Martha Ronda | |
| The Snows of Kilimanjaro | Cynthia Green | ||
| 1953 | Knights of the Round Table | Guinevere | |
| Ride, Vaquero! | Cordelia Cameron | ||
| The Band Wagon | Herself | ||
| Mogambo | Honey Bear Kelly | Nominated — Academy Award for Best Actress | |
| 1954 | The Barefoot Contessa | Maria Vargas | |
| 1956 | Bhowani Junction | Victoria Jones | Nominated — BAFTA for Best Foreign Actress |
| 1957 | The Little Hut | Lady Susan Ashlow | |
| The Sun Also Rises | Lady Brett Ashley | ||
| 1958 | The Naked Maja | Maria Cayetana, Duchess of Alba | |
| 1959 | On the Beach | Moira Davidson | Nominated — BAFTA for Best Foreign Actress |
| 1960 | The Angel Wore Red | Soledad | |
| 1963 | 55 Days at Peking | Baroness Natalie Ivanoff | |
| 1964 | Seven Days in May | Eleanor Holbrook | |
| The Night of the Iguana | Maxine Faulk | Nominated — BAFTA for Best Foreign Actress Nominated — Golden Globe for Best Motion Picture Actress - Drama |
|
| 1966 | The Bible: In The Beginning | Sarah | |
| 1968 | Mayerling | Empress Elizabeth | |
| 1970 | Tam-Lin | Michaela Cazaret | |
| 1972 | The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean | Lily Langtry | |
| 1974 | Earthquake | Remy Royce-Graff | |
| 1975 | Permission to Kill | Katina Petersen | |
| 1976 | The Blue Bird | Luxury | |
| The Cassandra Crossing | Nicole Dressler | ||
| 1977 | The Sentinel | Miss Logan | |
| 1979 | City on Fire | Maggie Grayson | |
| 1980 | The Kidnapping of the President | Beth Richards | |
| 1981 | Priest of Love | Mabel Dodge Luhan | |
| 1982 | Regina Roma | Mama |
Short subjects[link]
| Year | Title | Role |
|---|---|---|
| 1941 | Fancy Answers | Girl at Recital |
| 1942 | We Do It Because- | Lucretia Borgia |
| Mighty Lak a Goat | Girl at the Bijou box office | |
| 1949 | Some of the Best | Herself |
| 1964 | On the Trail of the Iguana | |
| 1968 | Vienna: The Years Remembered | Herself |
Television[link]
| Year | Title | Role |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | A.D. | Agrippina |
| Knots Landing | Ruth Galveston | |
| The Long Hot Summer | Minnie Littlejohn | |
| 1986 | Harem | Kadin |
| Maggie | Diane Webb |
References[link]
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2]
- ^ Ava Gardner 1940s, The Pop History Dig
- ^ Ava Gardner, TCM website
- ^ Cannon, Dorris Rollins, Grabtown Girl: Ava Gardner's North Carolina Childhood and Her Enduring Ties to Home; ISBN 1-878086-89-8
- ^ Washington Post article, "Movie Stars: The odd and amazing careers of Ava Gardner, Barbra Streisand, Patricia Neal and Ed Sullivan", short reviews by Dennis Drabelle, Washington Post Book World, Sunday, July 2, 2006
- ^ Harris, Mark. Pictures at a Revolution: Five Movies and the Birth of New Hollywood. New York: Penguin Books, 2008, pg. 238
- ^ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedundefined; see the help page. - ^ Gardner, Ava. Ava: My Story. New York: Bantam Books, n.d. Print.
- ^ Kaplan, James, Frank The Voice, Doubleday, 2010, p. 416
- ^ Gardner, Ava. Ava: My Story. New York: Bantam, 1990.
- ^ Gail Bell. "Ghost Writers." The Monthly. March 2010
- ^ Sinatra, Tina. (2009) “My Father’s Daughter: A Memoir”, p. 214 New York: Simon & Schuster
- ^ site (Italian) [3].
Further reading[link]
- Cannon, Doris Rollins. Grabtown Girl: Ava Gardner's North Carolina Childhood and Her Enduring Ties to Home. Down Home Press, 2001. ISBN 1-878086-89-8
- Fowler, Karin. Ava Gardner: A Bio-Bibliography. Greenwood Press, 1990. ISBN 0-313-26776-6
- Gardner, Ava. Ava: My Story. Bantam, 1990. ISBN 0-553-07143-3
- Gigliotti, Gilbert, editor. Ava Gardner: Touches of Venus. Entasis Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0-9800999-5-9
- Rivers, Alton. Love, Ava: A Novel. St. Martin's Press, 2007. ISBN 0-312-36279-X
- Server, Lee. Ava Gardner: Love is Nothing. St. Martin's Press, 2006. ISBN 0-312-31209-1
- Wayne, Jane Ellen. Ava's Men: The Private Life of Ava Gardner. Robson Books, 2004. ISBN 1-86105-785-7
External links[link]
- A Woman We Love: Ava Gardner photo gallery, everyday_i_show
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ava Gardner |
- Ava Gardner discography at Discogs
- Ava Gardner at the Internet Movie Database
- Ava Gardner at the TCM Movie Database
- Ava Gardner at TVGuide.com
- Ava Gardner Museum
|
|||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Gardner, Ava |
| Alternative names | Gardner, Ava Lavinia |
| Short description | American actress |
| Date of birth | December 24, 1922 |
| Place of birth | Brogden, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Date of death | January 25, 1990 |
| Place of death | London, England, UK |
http://wn.com/Ava_Gardner
Related pages:
http://it.wn.com/Ava Gardner
http://cs.wn.com/Ava Gardner
http://id.wn.com/Ava Gardner
http://es.wn.com/Ava Gardner
http://ru.wn.com/Гарднер, Ава
http://nl.wn.com/Ava Gardner
http://pt.wn.com/Ava Gardner
http://pl.wn.com/Ava Gardner
http://fr.wn.com/Ava Gardner
http://de.wn.com/Ava Gardner
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ava_Gardner
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Nancy Travis | |
|---|---|
| Born | Nancy Ann Travis (1961-09-21) September 21, 1961 (age 50) New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | New York University |
| Alma mater | Circle in the Square Theatre School |
| Occupation | Actress, comedian, producer |
| Years active | 1985–present |
| Notable work(s) | Three Men and a Baby Three Men and a Little Lady Air America Internal Affairs So I Married an Axe Murderer Greedy Fluke |
| Television | Almost Perfect (1995-1997) Becker (2002-2004) Last Man Standing (2011-) |
| Spouse | Robert N. Fried (1994–present) |
| Children | 2 sons |
Nancy Ann Travis (born September 21, 1961) is an American actress. She is known for her roles in films Three Men and a Baby (1987) and its sequel, Three Men and a Little Lady (1990), Married to the Mob (1988), Air America (1990), Internal Affairs (1990), So I Married an Axe Murderer (1993), Greedy (1994), and Fluke (1995). She currently stars as Vanessa Baxter in the ABC comedy series Last Man Standing.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Travis was born in New York City, the daughter of Theresa, a social worker, and Gordon Travis, a sales executive.[1] Travis was raised in Massachusetts,where she graduated from Framingham High School in 1980. She also lived in Baltimore as well as Boston during her childhood.
Career[link]
Travis' first job after graduating from high school was a play, It's Hard to be a Jew, at The American Jewish Theatre in NYC. After that, Travis appeared in a stage version of Neil Simon's Brighton Beach Memoirs and was a founding member of the Off-Broadway theater company Naked Angels. She appeared in their Frank Pugliese play Aven U-Boys, as well as in King of Connecticut. Another Broadway play Travis appeared in was I'm Not Rappaport. She has also starred in Athol Fugard's My Children, My Africa.
Travis has had leading lady roles in many films, including Three Men and a Baby and its sequel, Three Men and a Little Lady, plus Air America and Internal Affairs (as the wife of Andy García), So I Married an Axe Murderer as the bride of Mike Myers, thriller The Vanishing with Kiefer Sutherland, Greedy with Michael J. Fox, and on the action-comedy Destiny Turns on the Radio with Dylan McDermott. Others notable films include 1995 Box office bomb Family movie Fluke,[2] 1996 Whoopi Goldberg's comedy Bogus, political comedy/drama Running Mates with Tom Selleck, 2001 drama film Auggie Rose, 2005 comedy The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants and 2007 ensemble cast romantic drama The Jane Austen Book Club adapted from the 2004 novel of the same name by Karen Joy Fowler. She also was featured in Chaplin opposite Robert Downey, Jr., portraying Joan Barry, the woman who filed a paternity suit against Chaplin.
Travis starred with Peter Gallagher and Isabella Rossellini in the Tom Cruise directed episode of the Showtime series Fallen Angels in 1993. From 1995-1997, Travis played a leading role in the CBS sitcom Almost Perfect. The show was canceled after two seasons. In 1999 she starred in the short-lived TV series Work with Me, Travis was also a producer.[3] Due to low ratings, the show was cancelled after four episodes.[4]
Travis had the leading role of psychology professor Dr. Joyce Reardon in 2002's four-hour television adaptation of Stephen King's Rose Red.[5]
In 2002, Travis joined the cast comedy series Becker as Chris Connor. She starred in the show for its final two seasons, taking over from the series' original female lead, Terry Farrell. From 2007 to 2009 Travis appeared in the television sitcom The Bill Engvall Show as Bill's wife Susan. In 2009 she starred on the Hallmark Channel film Safe Harbor, about are a happily married couple, Doug (Treat Williams) and Robbie Smith (Travis) about to retire and spend their days cruising around the world on their sailboat.[6] In 2010, she starred in TV films The Pregnancy Pact, In My Shoes and was a guest star in two episodes of Desperate Housewives.[7] In 2011, she guest starred in the television series Grey's Anatomy[8] and How I Met Your Mother.[9]
In 2011, Travis was cast in the ABC sitcom Last Man Standing opposite Tim Allen.[10][11] Travis also appeared in The CW medical drama series Hart of Dixie as Emmeline 'Mrs. H' Hattenbarger.[12]On May 20, 2011, it was announced that Travis would not continue with the series due to her commitments with the 20th Century Fox-produced ABC's Last Man Standing.[13] Travis was written out after the first two episodes.[14]
Personal life[link]
In 1994, Travis married Robert N. Fried, former president and CEO of Savoy Pictures and currently Founder & CEO of SpiritClips.com. They have two sons: Benjamin, born in 1998, and Jeremy, born in 2001. She starred in the 2007 short film "Sally", featuring her son, Benjamin Fried, and written by her husband, Robert Fried.[15]
Filmography[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | Malice in Wonderland | Ann | |
| 1986 | Harem | Jessica Gray | |
| 1987 | Three Men and a Baby | Sylvia Bennington | |
| 1988 | Married to the Mob | Karen Lutnick | |
| Eight Men Out | Lyra Williams | ||
| I'll Be Home for Christmas | Leah Bundy | ||
| 1990 | Loose Cannons | Riva | |
| Internal Affairs | Kathleen "Kathy" Avilla | ||
| Air America | Corinne Landreaux | ||
| Three Men and a Little Lady | Sylvia Bennington | ||
| 1992 | Passed Away | Cassie Slocombe | |
| Chaplin | Joan Barry | ||
| 1993 | The Vanishing | Rita Baker | |
| So I Married an Axe Murderer | Harriet Michaels | ||
| 1994 | Greedy | Robin | |
| 1995 | Fluke | Carol Johnson | |
| Lieberman in Love | Kate | ||
| Destiny Turns on the Radio | Lucille | ||
| Body Language | Atty. Theresa Janice 'T.J.' Harlow | ||
| 1996 | Bogus | Lorraine Franklin | |
| 1999 | My Last Love | Susan Morton | also producer |
| 2000 | Running Mates | Jennifer 'Jenny' Pryce | |
| Beyond Suspicion | Carol | ||
| 2005 | The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants | Lydia Rodman | |
| 2007 | The Jane Austen Book Club | Cat Harris | |
| The Party Never Stops: Diary of a Binge Drinker | April Brenner | ||
| Sally | Sally | ||
| 2009 | Safe Harbor | Robbie | |
| 2010 | The Pregnancy Pact | Lorraine Dougan | |
| A Walk In My Shoes | Cindy/Trish |
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | Spenser: For Hire | Maggie Ellis | Season 2, Episode 10: The Hopes and Fears |
| 1993 | Fallen Angels | Bette Allison | Season 1, Episode 4: The Frightening Frammis |
| 1994-1997 | Duckman | Bernice / Beverly / Beatrice | 67 episodes, voice |
| 1995-1997 | Almost Perfect | Kim Cooper | 34 episodes |
| 1996 | The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest | Spencer | voice |
| 1998 | Superman: The Animated Series | Darci Mason | 1 episode, voice |
| 1999 | Work With Me | Julie Better | 5 episodes, also producer |
| 2002 | Stephen King's Rose Red | Prof. Joyce Reardon | TV mini-series |
| 2002-2004 | Becker | Chris Connor | 39 episodes |
| 2007–2009 | The Bill Engvall Show | Susan Pearson | 24 episodes |
| 2008 | Medium | Laura Swenson | Season 4, Episode 4, Do You Hear What I Hear? |
| 2010 | Desperate Housewives | Dr. Mary Wagner | 2 episodes |
| 2011 | Grey's Anatomy | Alison | Season 7, Episode 16, Not Responsible |
| How I Met Your Mother | Cheryl | Season 6, Episode 19, Legendaddy | |
| Hart of Dixie | Emmeline 'Mrs. H' Hattenbarger | 2 episodes | |
| Last Man Standing | Vanessa Baxter | TV Series |
References[link]
- ^ "Becker's Nancy Travis Rekindles Her Baby Love with Ted Danson". People Magazine. January 13, 2003. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20139024,00.html.
- ^ Fluke (1995), Box Office Mojo
- ^ ""Work with Me" (1999)". Internet Movie Database. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0210464/. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
- ^ Pursell, Chris (October 25, 1999). "CBS pink slips 'Work With Me'". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117756951.html?categoryid=14&cs=1. Retrieved 2009-07-03.
- ^ Wilkes, Neil (Jul 18 2001). "ABC Fall miniseries: Full details". DigitalSpy. http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/ustv/feature/a3403/abc-fall-miniseries-full-details.html. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
- ^ Jacksonville's “Safe Harbor Boys' Home” Press Release 1/21/2009
- ^ Ausiello, Michael (SEP 16 2010). "'Desperate Housewives' Exclusive: Nancy Travis is B.A.G.'s mom!". Entertainment Weekly. http://insidetv.ew.com/2010/09/16/desperate-housewives-nancy-travis/. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
- ^ Wightman, Catriona (Jan 27 2011). "Nancy Travis lands 'Grey's Anatomy' role". DigitalSpy. http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/ustv/s46/greys-anatomy/news/a300492/nancy-travis-lands-greys-anatomy-role.html. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
- ^ Jeffery, Morgan (Feb 2 2011). "Nancy Travis signs for 'HIMYM' role". DigitalSpy. http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/ustv/news/a301606/nancy-travis-signs-for-himym-role.html. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
- ^ ABC Pilots: Get the Scoop on the New Shows
- ^ "Nancy Travis joins ABC Tim Allen pilot". http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/ustv/news/a311867/nancy-travis-joins-abc-tim-allen-pilot.html.
- ^ "Coming This Fall to The CW...". TV Fanatic. http://www.tvfanatic.com/2011/03/coming-this-fall-to-the-cw/. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
- ^ "Nancy Travis To Be Recast On 'Hart Of Dixie'" from Deadline.com (May 20, 2011)
- ^ Mitovich, Matt (June 21, 2011). "Fall TV Recasts: Damon Wayans Will (Briefly) Live with New Girl, and More Updates". TV Line. http://www.tvline.com/2011/06/fall-tv-recasts-wayans-travis-pally/. Retrieved July 8, 2011.
- ^ "Nancy Travis on the View". YouTube. December 7, 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2adCB4lH6aM. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
External links[link]
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Travis, Nancy |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | September 21, 1961 |
| Place of birth | New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Nancy_Travis
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Трэвис, Нэнси
http://nl.wn.com/Nancy Travis
http://pt.wn.com/Nancy Travis
http://de.wn.com/Nancy Travis
http://fr.wn.com/Nancy Travis
http://it.wn.com/Nancy Travis
http://pl.wn.com/Nancy Travis
http://es.wn.com/Nancy Travis
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Travis
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the British Army officer. For the Japanese manga, see T.E. Lawrence (manga).
"Lawrence of Arabia" redirects here. For the 1962 film, see Lawrence of Arabia (film). For the 1989 book, see Lawrence of Arabia: The Authorised Biography of T.E. Lawrence.
| T. E. Lawrence | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Nickname | Lawrence of Arabia, El Aurens |
| Born | 16 August 1888 (1888-08-16) Tremadog, Caernarfonshire, Wales |
| Died | 19 May 1935 (1935-05-20) (aged 46) Bovington Camp, Dorset, England |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom Kingdom of Hejaz |
| Service/branch |  British Army Royal Air Force |
| Years of service | 1914–18 1923–35 |
| Rank | Lieutenant Colonel and Aircraftman |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards | Companion of the Order of the Bath[1] Distinguished Service Order[2] Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur[3] Croix de guerre (France)[4] |
Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Edward Lawrence, CB, DSO (16 August 1888[5] – 19 May 1935), known professionally as T. E. Lawrence, was a British Army officer renowned especially for his liaison role during the Arab Revolt against Ottoman Turkish rule of 1916–18. The extraordinary breadth and variety of his activities and associations, and his ability to describe them vividly in writing, earned him international fame as Lawrence of Arabia, a title which was used for the 1962 film based on his World War I activities.
Lawrence was born illegitimate in Tremadog, Wales, in August 1888 to Sir Thomas Chapman and Sarah Junner, a governess who was herself illegitimate. Chapman had left his wife and first family in Ireland to live with Sarah Junner, and they called themselves Mr and Mrs Lawrence. In the summer of 1896 the Lawrences moved to Oxford, where in 1907–10 young Lawrence studied history at Jesus College, graduating with First Class Honours. He became a practising archaeologist in the Middle East, working at various excavations with David George Hogarth and Leonard Woolley. In 1908 he joined the OUOTC (Oxford University Officer Training Corps), undergoing a two-year training course.[6] In January 1914, before the outbreak of World War I, Lawrence was co-opted by the British Army to undertake a military survey of the Negev Desert while doing archaeological research.
Lawrence's public image was due in part to the sensationalised reportage of the revolt by an American journalist, Lowell Thomas, as well as to Lawrence's autobiographical account, Seven Pillars of Wisdom (1922).
Contents |
Early life[link]
Lawrence was born on 16 August 1888 in Tremadog, Caernarfonshire (now Gwynedd), Wales, in a house named Gorphwysfa, now known as Snowdon Lodge.[8] His Anglo-Irish father, Thomas Robert Tighe Chapman, who in 1914 inherited the title of Westmeath in Ireland as seventh Baronet, had left his wife Edith for his daughters' governess Sarah Junner. Junner's mother, Elizabeth Junner, had named as Sarah's father a "John Junner – shipwright journeyman", though she had been living as an unmarried servant in the household of a John Lawrence, ship's carpenter, just four months earlier.[9][10] The couple did not marry but were known as Mr and Mrs Lawrence.
Thomas Chapman and Sarah Junner had five sons born out of wedlock, of whom Thomas Edward was the second eldest. From Wales the family moved to Kirkcudbright in Dumfries and Galloway, then Dinard in Brittany, then to Jersey. From 1894–96 the family lived at Langley Lodge (now demolished), set in private woods between the eastern borders of the New Forest and Southampton Water in Hampshire. Mr Lawrence sailed and took the boys to watch yacht racing in the Solent off Lepe beach. By the time they left, the eight-year-old Ned (as Lawrence became known) had developed a taste for the countryside and outdoor activities.
In the summer of 1896 the Lawrences moved to 2 Polstead Road (now marked with a blue plaque) in Oxford, where, until 1921, they lived under the names of Mr and Mrs Lawrence. Lawrence attended the City of Oxford High School for Boys, where one of the four houses was later named "Lawrence" in his honour; the school closed in 1966.[11] As a schoolboy, one of his favourite pastimes was to cycle to country churches and make brass rubbings. Lawrence and one of his brothers became commissioned officers in the Church Lads' Brigade at St Aldate's Church.
Lawrence claimed that in about 1905, he ran away from home and served for a few weeks as a boy soldier with the Royal Garrison Artillery at St Mawes Castle in Cornwall, from which he was bought out. No evidence of this can be found in army records.[12]
Middle East archaeology[link]
At the age of 15 Lawrence and his schoolfriend Cyril Beeson bicycled around Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, visited almost every village's parish church, studied their monuments and antiquities and made rubbings of their monumental brasses.[13] Lawrence and Beeson monitored building sites in Oxford and presented their finds to the Ashmolean Museum.[13] The Ashmolean's Annual Report for 1906 said that the two teenage boys "by incessant watchfulness secured everything of antiquarian value which has been found".[13] In the summers of 1906 and 1907 Lawrence and Beeson toured France by bicycle, collecting photographs, drawings and measurements of medieval castles.[13]
From 1907 to 1910 Lawrence studied history at Jesus College, Oxford.[14] In the summer of 1909 Lawrence set out alone on a three-month walking tour of crusader castles in Ottoman Syria, in which he travelled 1,000 mi (1,600 km) on foot. Lawrence graduated with First Class Honours after submitting a thesis entitled The influence of the Crusades on European Military Architecture – to the end of the 12th century based on his field research with Beeson in France,[13] notably in Châlus, and his solo research in the Middle East.[15]
On completing his degree in 1910, Lawrence commenced postgraduate research in mediaeval pottery with a Senior Demy, a form of scholarship, at Magdalen College, Oxford, which he abandoned after he was offered the opportunity to become a practising archaeologist in the Middle East. Lawrence was a polyglot whose published work demonstrates competence in French, Ancient Greek, and Arabic.
_and_T.E.Lawrence_at_the_British_Museum%27s_Excavations_at_Carchemish,_Syria,_in_the_spring_of_1913.jpg)
In December 1910 he sailed for Beirut, and on arrival went to Jbail (Byblos), where he studied Arabic. He then went to work on the excavations at Carchemish, near Jerablus in northern Syria, where he worked under D. G. Hogarth and R. Campbell Thompson of the British Museum. He would later state that everything that he had accomplished, he owed to Hogarth.[16] As the site lay near an important crossing on the Baghdad Railway, knowledge gathered there was of considerable importance to the military. While excavating ancient Mesopotamian sites, Lawrence met Gertrude Bell, who was to influence him during his time in the Middle East.
In late 1911, Lawrence returned to England for a brief sojourn. By November he was en route to Beirut for a second season at Carchemish, where he was to work with Leonard Woolley. Prior to resuming work there, however, he briefly worked with Flinders Petrie at Kafr Ammar in Egypt.
Lawrence continued making trips to the Middle East as a field archaeologist until the outbreak of the First World War. In January 1914, Woolley and Lawrence were co-opted by the British military as an archaeological smokescreen for a British military survey of the Negev Desert. They were funded by the Palestine Exploration Fund to search for an area referred to in the Bible as the "Wilderness of Zin"; along the way, they undertook an archaeological survey of the Negev Desert. The Negev was of strategic importance, as it would have to be crossed by any Ottoman army attacking Egypt in the event of war. Woolley and Lawrence subsequently published a report of the expedition's archaeological findings,[17] but a more important result was an updated mapping of the area, with special attention to features of military relevance such as water sources. Lawrence also visited Aqaba and Petra.
From March to May 1914, Lawrence worked again at Carchemish. Following the outbreak of hostilities in August 1914, Lawrence did not immediately enlist in the British Army; on the advice of S.F. Newcombe he held back until October, when he was commissioned on the General List.
Arab revolt[link]
Main article: Arab Revolt
At the outbreak of the First World War Lawrence was a university post-graduate researcher who had for years travelled extensively within the Ottoman Empire provinces of the Levant (Transjordan and Palestine) and Mesopotamia (Syria and Iraq) under his own name. As such he became known to the Turkish Interior Ministry authorities and their German technical advisors. Lawrence came into contact with the Ottoman–German technical advisers, travelling over the German-designed, -built, and -financed railways during the course of his researches.[citation needed]
With his first-hand knowledge of Syria, the Levant, and Mesopotamia, Lawrence was in 1914 posted to Cairo on the Intelligence Staff of the GOC Middle East.[18]
Contrary to later myth, it was neither Lawrence nor the Army that conceived a campaign of internal insurgency against the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East, but rather the Arab Bureau of Britain's Foreign Office. The Arab Bureau had long felt it likely that a campaign instigated and financed by outside powers, supporting the breakaway-minded tribes and regional challengers to the Turkish government's centralised rule of their empire, would pay great dividends in the diversion of effort that would be needed to meet such a challenge. The Arab Bureau had recognised the strategic value of what is today called the "asymmetry" of such conflict. The Ottoman authorities would have to devote from a hundred to a thousand times the resources to contain the threat of such an internal rebellion compared to the Allies' cost of sponsoring it.[citation needed]
At that point in the Foreign Office's thinking, the region was not considered candidate territories for incorporation in the British Empire but only as an extension of the range of British Imperial influence and the weakening and destruction of a German ally, the Ottoman Empire.[citation needed]
During the war, Lawrence fought with Arab irregular troops under the command of Emir Faisal, a son of Sherif Hussein of Mecca, in extended guerrilla operations against the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire. He persuaded the Arabs not to make a frontal assault on the Ottoman stronghold in Medina but allowed the Turkish army to tie up troops in the city garrison. The Arabs were then free to direct most of their attention to the Turks' weak point, the Hejaz railway that supplied the garrison. This vastly expanded the battlefield and tied up even more Ottoman troops, who were then forced to protect the railway and repair the constant damage.[citation needed]
Capture of Aqaba[link]
Main article: Battle of Aqaba
In 1917, Lawrence arranged a joint action with the Arab irregulars and forces under Auda Abu Tayi (until then in the employ of the Ottomans) against the strategically located but lightly defended[19][20][21] town of Aqaba. On 6 July, after a surprise overland attack, Aqaba fell to Lawrence and the Arab forces. After Aqaba, Lawrence was promoted to major. Fortunately for Lawrence, the new commander-in-chief of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, General Sir Edmund Allenby, agreed to his strategy for the revolt, stating after the war:
"I gave him a free hand. His cooperation was marked by the utmost loyalty, and I never had anything but praise for his work, which, indeed, was invaluable throughout the campaign."
Lawrence now held a powerful position, as an adviser to Faisal and a person who had Allenby's confidence.
Fall of Damascus[link]
The following year, Lawrence was involved in the build up to the capture of Damascus in the final weeks of the war. Much to his disappointment, and contrary to instructions he had issued, he was not present at the city's formal surrender, arriving several hours after the city had fallen. Lawrence entered Damascus around 9am on 1 October 1918, but was only the third arrival of the day, the first being the 10th Australian Light Horse Brigade, led by Major A.C.N. 'Harry' Olden who formally accepted the surrender of the city from acting Governor Emir Said.[22] [23] [24] [25] [26] Despite his absence for the formal surrender, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in late 1918 for the role he had played in the capture of Damascus. Lawrence was reportedly embittered by having been beaten into the city by the Australians, and resented them for it later in his life. In his own recollections of the capture of Damascus he completely omitted the key role played by the Australians, and this error was widely believed and later repeated by many historians.[27][28]
In newly liberated Damascus—which he had envisaged as the capital of an Arab state—Lawrence was instrumental in establishing a provisional Arab government under Faisal. Faisal's rule as king, however, came to an abrupt end in 1920, after the battle of Maysaloun, when the French Forces of General Gouraud, under the command of General Mariano Goybet, entered Damascus, destroying Lawrence's dream of an independent Arabia.
As was his habit when travelling before the war, Lawrence adopted many local customs and traditions (many photographs show him in the desert wearing white Arab dishdasha and riding camels).
During the closing years of the war he sought, with mixed success, to convince his superiors in the British government that Arab independence was in their interests. The secret Sykes-Picot Agreement between France and Britain contradicted the promises of independence he had made to the Arabs and frustrated his work.[29]
In 1918 he co-operated with war correspondent Lowell Thomas for a short period. During this time Thomas and his cameraman Harry Chase shot a great deal of film and many photographs, which Thomas used in a highly lucrative film that toured the world after the war.
Postwar years[link]
Immediately after the war, Lawrence worked for the Foreign Office, attending the Paris Peace Conference between January and May as a member of Faisal's delegation. He served for much of 1921 as an advisor to Winston Churchill at the Colonial Office.
On 17 May 1919, the Handley Page Type O carrying Lawrence on a flight to Egypt crashed at the airport of Roma-Centocelle. The pilot and co-pilot were killed; Lawrence came off with a broken shoulder blade and two broken ribs.[30] During his brief hospitalisation, he was visited by King Victor Emanuel III.[31]
In August 1919, the American journalist Lowell Thomas launched a colourful photo show in London entitled With Allenby in Palestine which included a lecture, dancing, and music.[32] Initially, Lawrence played only a supporting role in the show, but when Thomas realized that it was the photos of Lawrence dressed as a Bedouin that had captured the public's imagination, he shot some more photos in London of him in Arab dress.[32] With the new photos, Thomas re-launched his show as With Allenby in Palestine and Lawrence in Arabia in early 1920; it was extremely popular.[32] Thomas' shows made Lawrence, who until then had been rather obscure, into a household name.[32]
In August 1922, Lawrence enlisted in the Royal Air Force as an aircraftman under the name John Hume Ross, at RAF Uxbridge. He was soon exposed and, in February 1923, was forced out of the RAF. He changed his name to T. E. Shaw and joined the Royal Tank Corps in 1923. He was unhappy there and repeatedly petitioned to rejoin the RAF, which finally readmitted him in August 1925.[33] A fresh burst of publicity after the publication of Revolt in the Desert (see below) resulted in his assignment to a remote base in British India in late 1926, where he remained until the end of 1928. At that time he was forced to return to Britain after rumours began to circulate that he was involved in espionage activities.
He purchased several small plots of land in Chingford, built a hut and swimming pool there, and visited frequently. This was removed in 1930 when the Chingford Urban District Council acquired the land and passed it to the City of London Corporation, but re-erected the hut in the grounds of The Warren, Loughton, where it remains, neglected, today. Lawrence's tenure of the Chingford land has now been commemorated by a plaque fixed on the sighting obelisk on Pole Hill.
He continued serving in the RAF based at Bridlington, East Riding of Yorkshire, specialising in high-speed boats and professing happiness, and it was with considerable regret that he left the service at the end of his enlistment in March 1935.
Lawrence was a keen motorcyclist, and, at different times, had owned seven Brough Superior motorcycles.[34] His seventh motorcycle is on display at the Imperial War Museum. Among the books Lawrence is known to have carried with him on his military campaigns is Thomas Malory's Morte D'Arthur. Accounts of the 1934 discovery of the Winchester Manuscript of the Morte include a report that Lawrence followed Eugene Vinaver—a Malory scholar—by motorcycle from Manchester to Winchester upon reading of the discovery in The Times.[35]
Death[link]
At the age of 46, two months after leaving the service, Lawrence was fatally injured in an accident on his Brough Superior SS100 motorcycle in Dorset, close to his cottage, Clouds Hill, near Wareham. A dip in the road obstructed his view of two boys on their bicycles; he swerved to avoid them, lost control and was thrown over the handlebars. He died six days later on 19 May 1935. The spot is marked by a small memorial at the side of the road.
The circumstances of Lawrence's death had far-reaching consequences. One of the doctors attending him was the neurosurgeon Hugh Cairns. He was profoundly affected by the incident, and consequently began a long study of what he saw as the unnecessary loss of life by motorcycle dispatch riders through head injuries. His research led to the use of crash helmets by both military and civilian motorcyclists.[36]
Moreton Estate, which borders Bovington Camp, was owned by family cousins, the Frampton family. Lawrence had rented and later bought Clouds Hill from the Framptons. He had been a frequent visitor to their home, Okers Wood House, and had for years corresponded with Louisa Frampton. On Lawrence's death, his mother arranged with the Framptons for him to be buried in their family plot at Moreton Church.[37] His coffin was transported on the Frampton estate's bier. Mourners included Winston and Clementine Churchill and Lawrence's youngest brother, Arnold.
A bust of Lawrence was placed in the crypt at St Paul's Cathedral and a stone effigy by Eric Kennington remains in the Anglo-Saxon church of St Martin, Wareham.
Writings[link]
Throughout his life, Lawrence was a prolific writer. A large portion of his output was epistolary; he often sent several letters a day. Several collections of his letters have been published. He corresponded with many notable figures, including George Bernard Shaw, Edward Elgar, Winston Churchill, Robert Graves, Noël Coward, E. M. Forster, Siegfried Sassoon, John Buchan, Augustus John and Henry Williamson. He met Joseph Conrad and commented perceptively on his works. The many letters that he sent to Shaw's wife, Charlotte, offer a revealing side of his character.[38]
In his lifetime, Lawrence published four major texts. Two were translations: Homer's Odyssey, and The Forest Giant — the latter an otherwise forgotten work of French fiction. He received a flat fee for the second translation, and negotiated a generous fee plus royalties for the first.
Further information: English translations of Homer#Lawrence
[edit] Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Lawrence's major work is Seven Pillars of Wisdom, an account of his war experiences. In 1919 he had been elected to a seven-year research fellowship at All Souls College, Oxford, providing him with support while he worked on the book. In addition to being a memoir of his experiences during the war, certain parts also serve as essays on military strategy, Arabian culture and geography, and other topics. Lawrence re-wrote Seven Pillars of Wisdom three times; once "blind" after he lost the manuscript while changing trains at Reading railway station.
The list of his alleged "embellishments" in Seven Pillars is long, though many such allegations have been disproved with time, most definitively in Jeremy Wilson's authorised biography. However Lawrence's own notebooks refute his claim to have crossed the Sinai Peninsula from Aqaba to the Suez Canal in just 49 hours without any sleep. In reality this famous camel ride lasted for more than 70 hours and was interrupted by two long breaks for sleeping which Lawrence omitted when he wrote his book.[39]
Lawrence acknowledged having been helped in the editing of the book by George Bernard Shaw. In the preface to Seven Pillars, Lawrence offered his "thanks to Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Shaw for countless suggestions of great value and diversity: and for all the present semicolons."
The first public edition was published in 1926 as a high-priced private subscription edition, printed in London by Roy Manning Pike and Herbert John Hodgson, with illustrations by Eric Kennington, Augustus John, Paul Nash, Blair Hughes-Stanton and his wife Gertrude Hermes. Lawrence was afraid that the public would think that he would make a substantial income from the book, and he stated that it was written as a result of his war service. He vowed not to take any money from it, and indeed he did not, as the sale price was one third of the production costs.[40] This left Lawrence in substantial debt.
[edit] Revolt in the Desert
Revolt in the Desert was an abridged version of Seven Pillars, which he began in 1926 and was published in March 1927 in both limited and trade editions. He undertook a needed but reluctant publicity exercise, which resulted in a best-seller. Again he vowed not to take any fees from the publication, partly to appease the subscribers to Seven Pillars who had paid dearly for their editions. By the fourth reprint in 1927, the debt from Seven Pillars was paid off. As Lawrence left for military service in India at the end of 1926, he set up the "Seven Pillars Trust" with his friend D. G. Hogarth as a trustee, in which he made over the copyright and any surplus income of Revolt in the Desert. He later told Hogarth that he had "made the Trust final, to save myself the temptation of reviewing it, if Revolt turned out a best seller."
The resultant trust paid off the debt, and Lawrence then invoked a clause in his publishing contract to halt publication of the abridgment in the UK. However, he allowed both American editions and translations, which resulted in a substantial flow of income. The trust paid income either into an educational fund for children of RAF officers who lost their lives or were invalided as a result of service, or more substantially into the RAF Benevolent Fund.
Posthumous[link]
Lawrence left unpublished The Mint,[41] a memoir of his experiences as an enlisted man in the Royal Air Force. For this, he worked from a notebook that he kept while enlisted, writing of the daily lives of enlisted men and his desire to be a part of something larger than himself: the Royal Air Force. The book is stylistically very different from Seven Pillars of Wisdom, using sparse prose as opposed to the complicated syntax found in Seven Pillars. It was published posthumously, edited by his brother, Professor A. W. Lawrence.
After Lawrence's death, A. W. Lawrence inherited all Lawrence's estate and his copyrights as the sole beneficiary. To pay the inheritance tax, he sold the U.S. copyright of Seven Pillars of Wisdom (subscribers' text) outright to Doubleday Doran in 1935. Doubleday still controls publication rights of this version of the text of Seven Pillars of Wisdom in the USA. In 1936 Prof. Lawrence split the remaining assets of the estate, giving Clouds Hill and many copies of less substantial or historical letters to the nation via the National Trust, and then set up two trusts to control interests in T. E. Lawrence's residual copyrights. To the original Seven Pillars Trust, Prof. Lawrence assigned the copyright in Seven Pillars of Wisdom, as a result of which it was given its first general publication. To the Letters and Symposium Trust, he assigned the copyright in The Mint and all Lawrence's letters, which were subsequently edited and published in the book T. E. Lawrence by his Friends (edited by A. W. Lawrence, London, Jonathan Cape, 1937).
A substantial amount of income went directly to the RAF Benevolent Fund or for archaeological, environmental, or academic projects. The two trusts were amalgamated in 1986 and, on the death of Prof. A. W. Lawrence, the unified trust also acquired all the remaining rights to Lawrence's works that it had not owned, plus rights to all of Prof. Lawrence's works.
Bibliography[link]
- Seven Pillars of Wisdom, an account of Lawrence's part in the Arab Revolt. (ISBN 0-8488-0562-3)
- Revolt in the Desert, an abridged version of Seven Pillars of Wisdom. (ISBN 1-56619-275-7)
- The Mint, an account of Lawrence's service in the Royal Air Force. (ISBN 0-393-00196-2)
- Crusader Castles, Lawrence's Oxford thesis. London: Michael Haag 1986 (ISBN 0-902743-53-8). The first edition was published in London in 1936 by the Golden Cockerel Press, in 2 volumes, limited to 1000 editions.
- The Odyssey of Homer, Lawrence's translation from the Greek. (ISBN 0-19-506818-1)
- The Forest Giant, by Adrien Le Corbeau, novel, Lawrence's translation from the French, 1924.
- The Letters of T. E. Lawrence, selected and edited by Malcolm Brown. London, J. M Dent. 1988 (ISBN 0-460-04733-7)
- The Letters of T. E. Lawrence, edited by David Garnett. (ISBN 0-88355-856-4)
- Jeremy Wilson, T. E. Lawrence. Letters. (See Prospectus [2])
- Minorities: Good Poems by Small Poets and Small Poems by Good Poets, edited by Jeremy Wilson, 1971. Lawrence's commonplace book includes an introduction by Jeremy Wilson that explains how the poems comprising the book reflected Lawrence's life and thoughts.
Sexuality[link]
Lawrence's biographers have discussed his sexuality at considerable length, and this discussion has spilled into the popular press.[42]
There is no reliable evidence for consensual sexual intimacy between Lawrence and any person. His friends have expressed the opinion that he was asexual,[43][44] and Lawrence himself specifically denied, in multiple private letters, any personal experience of sex.[45] While there were suggestions that Lawrence had been intimate with Dahoum, who worked with Lawrence at a pre-war archaeological dig in Carchemish,[46] and fellow-serviceman R.A.M. Guy,[47] his biographers and contemporaries have found them unconvincing.[46][47][48]
The dedication to his book Seven Pillars is a poem entitled "To S.A." which opens:
- I loved you, so I drew these tides of men into my hands
and wrote my will across the sky in stars
To earn you Freedom, the seven-pillared worthy house,
that your eyes might be shining for me
When we came.
Lawrence was never specific about the identity of "S.A." There are many theories which argue in favour of individual men, women, and the Arab nation.[49] The most popular is that S.A. represents (at least in part) his companion Selim Ahmed, "Dahoum", who apparently died of typhus prior to 1918.
Although Lawrence lived in a period during which official opposition to homosexuality was strong, his writing on the subject was tolerant. In Seven Pillars, when discussing relationships between young male fighters in the war, he refers on one occasion to "the openness and honesty of perfect love"[50] and on another to "friends quivering together in the yielding sand with intimate hot limbs in supreme embrace".[51] In a letter to Charlotte Shaw he wrote "I've seen lots of man-and-man loves: very lovely and fortunate some of them were."[52]
In both Seven Pillars and a 1919 letter to a military colleague,[53] Lawrence describes an episode in November 1917 in which, while reconnoitring Dera'a in disguise, he was captured by the Turkish military, heavily beaten, and sexually abused by the local Bey and his guardsmen. The precise nature of the sexual contact is not specified. Although there is no independent evidence, the multiple consistent reports, and the absence of evidence for outright invention in Lawrence's works, make the account believable to his biographers.[54] At least three of Lawrence's biographers (Malcolm Brown, John Mack, and Jeremy Wilson) have argued this episode had strong psychological effects on Lawrence which may explain some of his unconventional behaviour in later life.
There is considerable evidence that Lawrence was a masochist. In his description of the Dera'a beating, Lawrence wrote "a delicious warmth, probably sexual, was swelling through me", and also included a detailed description of the guards' whip in a style typical of masochists' writing.[55] In later life, Lawrence arranged to pay a military colleague to administer beatings to him,[42] and to be subjected to severe formal tests of fitness and stamina.[56] While John Bruce, who first wrote on this topic, included some other claims which were not credible, Lawrence's biographers regard the beatings as established fact.[57]
John E. Mack sees a possible connection between T.E.'s masochism and the childhood beatings he had received from his mother[58] for routine misbehaviours.[59] His brother Arnold thought the beatings had been given for the purpose of breaking T.E.'s will.[60]
Awards[link]
Lawrence was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath and awarded the Distinguished Service Order and the French Légion d'Honneur, though in October 1918 he refused to be made a Knight Commander of the British Empire.
Portrayals[link]
- Film
Lawrence was portrayed by Peter O'Toole in the 1962 film Lawrence of Arabia.
- Television
- He was portrayed by Judson Scott in the 1982 TV series Voyagers!
- Ralph Fiennes portrayed Lawrence in the 1990 made-for-TV movie A Dangerous Man: Lawrence after Arabia.
- Joseph A. Bennett and Douglas Henshall portrayed him in the 1992 TV series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles. In Young Indiana Jones, Lawrence is portrayed as being a life-long friend of the title character.
- He was also portrayed in an Arabic series, directed by Thayer Musa, called "Lawrence Al Arab". The series consisted of 37 episodes, each between 45 minutes and one hour in length.[61]
- Theatre
- Lawrence was the subject of Terence Rattigan's controversial play Ross, which explored Lawrence's alleged homosexuality. Ross ran in London in 1960–61, starring Alec Guinness, who was an admirer of Lawrence and Gerald Harper as his blackmailer, Dickinson. The play had originally been written as a screenplay, but the planned film was never made, although large sections of the play's script can be identified in the 1962 film Lawrence of Arabia,[62] in which Alec Guinness plays Prince Faisal. In January 1986 at the Theatre Royal, Plymouth on the opening night of the revival of Ross, Marc Sinden, who was playing Dickinson (the man who recognised and blackmailed Lawrence, played by Simon Ward), was introduced to the man that the character of 'Dickinson' was based on. Sinden asked him why he had blackmailed Ross, and he replied, "Oh, for the money. I was financially embarrassed at the time and needed to get up to London to see a girlfriend. It was never meant to be a big thing, but a good friend of mine was very close to Terence Rattigan and years later, the silly devil told him the story".[63]
- Alan Bennett's Forty Years On (1968) includes a satire on Lawrence; known as "Tee Hee Lawrence" because of his high-pitched, girlish giggle. "Clad in the magnificent white silk robes of an Arab prince ... he hoped to pass unnoticed through London. Alas he was mistaken." The section concludes with the headmaster confusing him with D. H. Lawrence.
- The character of Private Napoleon Meek in George Bernard Shaw's 1931 play Too True to Be Good was inspired by Lawrence. Meek is depicted as thoroughly conversant with the language and lifestyle of tribals. He repeatedly enlists with the army, quitting whenever offered a promotion.
- T. E. Lawrence's first year back at Oxford after the Great War to write his Seven Pillars of Wisdom was portrayed by Tom Rooney in a play, The Oxford Roof Climbers Rebellion, written by Canadian playwright Stephen Massicotte (premiered Toronto 2006). The play explores Lawrence's political, physical and psychological reactions to war, and his friendship with poet Robert Graves. Urban Stages presented the American premiere in New York City in October 2007; Lawrence was portrayed by actor Dylan Chalfy.
- Lawrence's final years are portrayed in a one-man show by Raymond Sargent, The Warrior and the Poet.
See also[link]
- Hashemite
- Suleiman Mousa
- Kingdom of Iraq
- Lawrence of Arabia: The Authorised Biography of T.E. Lawrence
Notes[link]
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 30222. p. 8103. 7 August 1917. Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 30681. p. 5694. 10 May 1918. Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ^ London Gazette: no. 29600. p. 5321. 30 May 1916.
- ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 30638. p. 4716. 16 April 1918. Retrieved 23 June 2010. - p4715 has "Decorations and Medals presented by THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC."
- ^ His official birth record, according to his father's statement, lists 15 August 1888, as birth date (no time of birth). However, his mother stated he was born in the early hours of 16 August, and according to extant documents it was on this date his birthday was celebrated.
- ^ Stratford Writing Services. "A Biography of T.E. Lawrence". https://sites.google.com/site/stratfordwritingservices/home/film-reviews/t-e-lawrence. Retrieved 15 November 2011. "Officers' Training Corps is considered by many to have been equal to, if not better than, the rigorous standards of Sandhurst"
- ^ David Barnes. The Companion Guide to Wales. Companion Guides, 2005. p. 280. http://books.google.com/books?id=Np_H_j3hXUEC&pg=PA280&dq=T.+E.+Lawrence+Snowdon+Lodge&hl=en&ei=Vti9TeT9GdjX4waxhI3tBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CIYBEOgBMAU#v=onepage&q=T.%20E.%20Lawrence%20Snowdon%20Lodge&f=false. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- ^ Alan Axelrod. Little-Known Wars of Great and Lasting Impact. Fair Winds, 2009. p. 237. http://books.google.com/books?id=8x322-89x3MC&pg=PA237&dq=T.+E.+Lawrence+%27Gorphwysfa%27&hl=en&ei=kdW9TfnYLaOI4gb7try5BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=T.%20E.%20Lawrence%20%27Gorphwysfa%27&f=false. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- ^ Jeremy Wilson. Lawrence of Arabia: the Authorized Biography of T.E. Lawrence. Collier Books, 1992. p. Appendix 1. http://www.telawrence.info/telawrenceinfo/life/biog_family.shtml. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- ^ John E. Mack. A Prince of Our Disorder: the Life of T.E. Lawrence. Harvard University Press, 1998. p. 9. http://books.google.com/books?id=pnmSiLAMpZAC&pg=PA9&dq=T.+E.+Lawrence+Sarah+Junner&hl=en&ei=b9q9TfDqF9HT4ga8nv2-BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=T.%20E.%20Lawrence%20Sarah%20Junner&f=false. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- ^ "Brief history of the City of Oxford High School for Boys, George Street", 'University of Oxford Faculty of History website
- ^ http://www.telawrence.info/telawrenceinfo/legacy3/analysis/asher022.htm
- ^ a b c d e Beeson, C.F.C.; Simcock, A.V. (1989) [1962]. Clockmaking in Oxfordshire 1400–1850 (3rd ed.). Oxford: Museum of the History of Science. p. 3. ISBN 0-903364-06-9.
- ^ T. E. Lawrence. Seven Pillars of Wisdom. Wordsworth Editions, 1997. p. xii. http://books.google.com/books?id=CbQl94rM4r4C&pg=PR12&dq=T.+E.+Lawrence+oxford+degree&hl=en&ei=TNO9TZy3IN-c4Abam4m6BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- ^ Allen, Malcolm Dennis. The Medievalism of Lawrence of Arabia. Penn State Press, 1991. p. 29. http://books.google.com/books?id=QjpPbBvq9f4C&pg=PA29&dq=%27%27The+influence+of+the+Crusades+on+European+Military+Architecture+%E2%80%93+to+the+end+of+the+12th+century%27%27&hl=en&ei=QtS9TZqSAYP-4wbw0ZX_BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- ^ T. E. Lawrence letters, 1927
- ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20061018191000/http://www.pef.org.uk/Pages/WildZin.htm
- ^ http://telawrence.info/telawrenceinfo/life/chron_1914.shtml Outline Chronology: 1914
- ^ 'The bombardment of Akaba.' The Naval Review. Volume IV. 1916. p.101-103
- ^ 'Egyptian Expeditionary Force. HMS Raven II Operations in the Gulf of Akaba. Red Sea. July–August 1916. National Archives, Kew London. File: AIR 1 /2284/ 209/75/8.
- ^ 'Naval Operation in the Red Sea 1916–1917'. The Naval Review Volume XIII no.4 1925. p.648-666.
- ^ Barker, A. (1998)"The Allies Enter Damascus", History Today, Volume 48
- ^ http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-ReiKaOr-t1-g1-t9-body1-d3-d4.html
- ^ Mitchell, Elyne (1971) Light Horse to Damascus
- ^ http://www.jill-hamilton.com/pdf/first-to-damascus.pdf
- ^ http://www.awm.gov.au/blog/2007/01/15/seeing-is-believing-more-on-the-taking-of-damascus/
- ^ Mitchell, Elyne (1971) Light Horse to Damascus
- ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1572464/Australia-claims-it-captured-Damascus-first.html
- ^ Rory Stewart (presenter) (23 January 2010). The Legacy of Lawrence of Arabia. 2. BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b00qgtjk/The_Legacy_of_Lawrence_of_Arabia_Episode_2/.
- ^ Friends of the Protestant Cemetery (Rome) newsletter, 2008
- ^ RID Marzo 2012, Storia dell'Handley Page type 0
- ^ a b c d Murphy, David The Arab Revolt 1916-18, London: Osprey, 2008, page 86
- ^ "T.E. Lawrence". London Borough of Hillingdon. 23 October 2007. http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=8998. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
- ^ Title: The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Motorcycles, Editor: Erwin Tragatsch, Publisher: New Burlington Books, Copyright: 1979 Quarto Publishing, Edition: 1988 Revised, Page 95, ISBN 0-906286-07-7
- ^ Walter F. Oakeshott, "The Finding of the Manuscript," Essays on Malory, J. A. W. Bennett, ed. (Oxford: Clarendon, 1963]: 1–6)
- ^ Lawrence of Arabia, Sir Hugh Cairns, and the Origin of Motorcycle Helmets (accessed 2008-05-09)
- ^ Kerrigan, Michael (1998). Who Lies Where – A guide to famous graves. London: Fourth Estate Limited. p. 51. ISBN 1-85702-258-0.
- ^ T. E. Lawrence (2000). Jeremy and Nicole Wilson. ed. Correspondence with Bernard and Charlotte Shaw, 1922–1926. 1. Castle Hill Press. Foreword by Jeremy Wilson.
- ^ Asher, M (1998)' Lawrence :The Uncrowned King of Arabia.' Page 259.
- ^ Graves, Robert, Lawrence and the Arabs, ch. 30. Jonathan Cape: London, 1927
- ^ Doubleday,Doran &Co, New York,1936; rprnt Penguin,Harmondsworth,1984 ISBN 0-14-004505-8
- ^ a b Simpson, Colin; Knightley, Phillip (June 1968). Sunday Times. The pieces appeared on the 9th, 16th, 23rd, and 30th of June, and were based mostly on the narrative of John Bruce.
- ^ T.E. Lawrence by his Friends. 1937. essay by E.H.R. Altounyan
- ^ Knightley, Phillip; Simpson, Colin (1969). The Secret Lives of Lawrence of Arabia. p. 29.
- ^ Brown, Malcolm (1988). The Letters of T.E. Lawrence. Letters to E.M. Forster, 21 Dec. 1927; to Robert Graves, 6 Nov. 1928; to F.L. Lucas, 26 March 1929.
- ^ a b Lawrence, A.W. (1937). T.E. Lawrence by his Friends. p. 89. Section by C. Leonard Woolley.
- ^ a b Wilson, Jeremy (1989). The Authorized Biography of T.E. Lawrence. Chapter 32.
- ^ Wilson, Jeremy (1989). The Authorized Biography of T.E. Lawrence. Chapter 27.
- ^ Yagitani, Ryoko. "An 'S.A.' Mystery". http://yagitani.jpn.cx/tel/tpc_en12.htm.
- ^ Lawrence, T.E. (1935). Seven Pillars of Wisdom. pp. 508–509. Book VIII, Chapter XCII. The passage, in the front-matter, is referred to with the single-word tag "Sex".
- ^ Seven Pillars (1935), featured prominently on Page 2 of Chapter I.
- ^ Mack, John E. (1976). A Prince of Our Disorder: The Life of T.E. Lawrence. p. 425. Letter to Charlotte Shaw
- ^ Brown, Malcolm (1988). The Letters of T.E. Lawrence. Letter to W.F. Stirling, Deputy Chief Political Officer, Cairo, June 28, 1919
- ^ Wilson, Jeremy (1989). The Authorized Biography of T.E. Lawrence. p. 1084. In Note 49 to Chapter 21.
- ^ Knightley, Phillip; Simpson, Colin (1969). The Secret Lives of Lawrence of Arabia. p. 221.
- ^ Knightley and Simpson, p. 29
- ^ Wilson, Jeremy (1989). The Authorized Biography of T.E. Lawrence. Chapter 34.
- ^ John E. Mack, A Prince of Our Disorder: The Life of T.E. Lawrence, 1976, p. 420.
- ^ John E. Mack, A Prince of Our Disorder: The Life of T.E. Lawrence, 1976, p. 33.
- ^ John E. Mack, A Prince of Our Disorder: The Life of T.E. Lawrence, 1976, p. 33.
- ^ [1] Online at Istikana.com]
- ^ Brownlow, Kevin (1996). David Lean. A Biography. Richard Cohen Books. ISBN 1-86066-042-8.
- ^ Western Morning News 1986
References[link]
- Richard Aldington, Lawrence of Arabia. A Biographical Enquiry, London, Collins, 1955.
- Flora Armitage, The Desert and the Stars: a Biography of Lawrence of Arabia, illustrated with photographs, New York, Henry Holt and Company, 1955.
- Malcolm Brown and Julia Cave, A Touch of Genius. The Life of T. E. Lawrence, London, J. M. Brent, 1988.
- Malcolm Brown, Lawrence of Arabia: the Life, the Legend. London, Thames & Hudson : [In association with] Imperial War Museum, 2005. ISBN 0-500-51238-8
- Victoria K. Carchidi, Creation Out of the Void: the Making of a Hero, an Epic, a world: T. E. Lawrence, 1987 diss., U. Pennsylvania, (Ann Arbor, MI University Microfilms International).
- Richard Perceval Graves, Lawrence of Arabia and His World
- Robert Graves, Lawrence and the Arabs, London, Jonathan Cape, 1927 (published in the USA as Lawrence and the Arabian Adventure, New York, Doubleday, Doran, 1928).
- George Amin Hoffman, T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) and the M1911.
- John C. Hulsman, To Begin the World over Again: Lawrence of Arabia from Damascus to Baghdad, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. ISBN 978-0-230-61742-1
- H. Montgomery Hyde, Solitary in the Ranks. Lawrence of Arabia as Airman and Private Soldier, London, Constable, 1977. ISBN 0-09-462070-9
- Phillip Knightley and Colin Simpson The Secret Lives of Lawrence of Arabia
- John E. Mack, A Prince of Our Disorder: The Life of T. E. Lawrence, Boston, Little, Brown, 1976, ISBN 0-316-54232-6.
- Karl E. Meyer and Shareen Blair Brysac, Kingmakers: the Invention of the Modern Middle East, New York, London, W.W. Norton, 2008, ISBN 978-0-393-06199-4.
- Suleiman Mousa, T.E. Lawrence: An Arab View, London, Oxford University Press, 1966.
- Anthony Nutting, Lawrence of Arabia: The Man and the Motive, London, Hollis & Carter, 1961.
- Victoria Ocampo, 338171 T. E. (Lawrence of Arabia), 1963.
- Harold Orlans, T. E. Lawrence: Biography of a Broken Hero, Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, McFarland, 2002, ISBN 0-7864-1307-7.
- Guy Penaud, Le Tour de France de Lawrence d'Arabie (1908), Editions de La Lauze (Périgueux, France), 336 pages, 2007/2008, ISBN 978-2-35249-024-1.
- François Sarindar, Lawrence d'Arabie. Thomas Edward, cet inconnu, collection Comprendre le Moyen-Orient, L'Harmattan (Paris, France), 334 pages, 2010, ISBN 978-2-296-11677-1.
- Andrew R.B.Simpson, Another Life: Lawrence after Arabia, The History Press, 366 pages, 2008, ISBN 978-1-86227-464-8.
- Charles M. Stang, editor, The Waking Dream of T. E. Lawrence: Essays on His Life, Literature, and Legacy, Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.
- Desmond Stewart, T. E. Lawrence, New York, Harper & Row Publishers, 1977
- Lowell Thomas, With Lawrence in Arabia, 1924
- Jeremy Wilson, Lawrence of Arabia: The Authorised Biography of T.E. Lawrence, 1989, ISBN 0-689-11934-8.
- Lawrence of Arabia: The Battle for the Arab World, directed by James Hawes. PBS Home Video, 21 October 2003. (ASIN B0000BWVND)
- T. E. Lawrence by His Friends [3], insights about Lawrence by those who knew him. Doubleday Doran, (1937). Republished 1967
- Korda, Michael (2010). Hero: The Life and Legend of Lawrence of Arabia. Harper. ISBN 978-0-06-171261-6.
- Footage of Lawrence of Arabia with publisher FN Doubleday and at a picnic
External links[link]
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Source texts from Wikisource |
- T. E. Lawrence Studies, maintained by Lawrence's authorised biographer Jeremy Wilson
- The T. E. Lawrence Society
- Works by T. E. Lawrence
- T.E. Lawrence's Collection at The University of Texas at Austin's Harry Ransom Center
- The Guardian May 19, 1935 - The death of Lawrence of Arabia
- The Legend of Lawrence of Arabia: The Recalcitrant Hero
- “Creating History: Lowell Thomas and Lawrence of Arabia” online history exhibit at Clio Visualizing History.
- T. E. Lawrence: The Enigmatic Lawrence of Arabia article by O'Brien Browne
- Lawrence of Arabia: True and false (an Arab view) by Lucy Ladikoff
- T.E. Lawrence and Clouds Hill by Westrow Cooper in www.theglobaldispatches.com
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Lawrence, Thomas Edward |
| Alternative names | Shaw, T. E. |
| Short description | archaeologist, soldier, author |
| Date of birth | 1888-08-16 |
| Place of birth | Tremadog, Caernarfonshire, North Wales |
| Date of death | 1935-05-13 |
| Place of death | Bovington Camp, Dorset, England |
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