Campari

Type	Bitters
Manufacturer	Campari Group
Country of origin	Italy
Alcohol by volume	20.5 – 28%
Colour	Red
Flavour	Bitter, spicy and sweet
Website	http://www.campari.com/

Campari is an alcoholic apéritif (20.5%, 21%, 25% or 28% ABV, depending on the country in which it is sold) obtained from the infusion of herbs and fruit (including chinotto and cascarilla) in alcohol and water. It is a bitters characterized by its dark red color.

Campari is often used in cocktails and is commonly served with soda water, wine, or citrus juice. It is produced by the Campari Group, a multi-national company based in Italy.

History[link]

The history of Campari began in 1860 with its invention by Gaspare Campari in Novara, Italy. It was originally coloured with carmine dye, derived from crushed cochineal insects, which gave the drink its distinctive red colour.

In 1904, Campari's first production plant was opened in Sesto San Giovanni, near Milan, Italy. The company required bars that bought Campari to display the Campari Bitters sign. Under the direction of Davide Campari, Gaspare's son, the company began to export the beverage, first to Nice in the heart of the French Riviera, then overseas. The Campari brand is now distributed in over 190 countries.

In the Italian market, Campari mixed with soda water is sold in individual bottles as Campari Soda (10% alcohol by volume). Campari Soda is packaged in a distinctive bottle that was designed by Fortunato Depero in 1932. Campari is said to have been the inspiration for other bitter sweet drinks such as Kinnie, produced in Malta since 1952.

Campari is an essential ingredient in the classic Negroni cocktail, the Garibaldi cocktail, and in the Americano, which was named at a time when few Americans were aware of Campari.

Awards[link]

Wine Enthusiast has reviewed Campari on a number of occasions, most recently giving it a score of "96-100" in 2011.^[1] Proof66 rates Campari among the Top 20 liqueurs in the world.^[2]

See also[link]

• Aperol
• Bitters
• Cinzano
• Cynar
• Fernet

References[link]

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2009)

External links[link]

• Campari website
• History of Campari

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Salma Hayek
Salma Hayek at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival
Born	Salma Valgarma Hayek Jiménez (1966-09-02) September 2, 1966 (age 45) Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico
Citizenship	American/Mexican
Occupation	Actress, director, producer
Years active	1988–present
Spouse	François-Henri Pinault (m. 2009) «start: (2009)»"Marriage: François-Henri Pinault to Salma Hayek" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.pop.wn.com/index.php/Salma_Hayek)
Children	1

Salma Valgarma Hayek Jiménez de Pinault (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsalma ˈxaʝek]; born September 2, 1966)^[1] is a Mexican and American film actress, director and producer. She received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress for her role as Frida Kahlo in the film Frida.

Early life[link]

Hayek was born in Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico, the daughter of Diana Jiménez Medina, an opera singer and talent scout, and Sami Hayek Dominguez, an oil company executive who once ran for mayor of Coatzacoalcos.^[2][3][4] Hayek's father is of Lebanese ancestry, while her mother's ancestry is Spanish.^[5][6] Her first given name, Salma, is Arabic for "safe".^[7] Raised in a wealthy, devoutly Roman Catholic^[8] family, she was sent to the Academy of the Sacred Heart in Grand Coteau, Louisiana, at the age of twelve.^[4] While there, she was diagnosed with dyslexia.^[9] She attended college in Mexico City, where she studied International Relations at the Universidad Iberoamericana.^[4]

Career[link]

Mexico[link]

At the age of 23, Hayek landed the title role in Teresa (1989), a successful Mexican telenovela that made her a star in Mexico. In 1994, Hayek starred in the film El Callejón de los Milagros (Miracle Alley), which has won more awards than any other movie in the history of Mexican cinema.^{[citation needed]} For her performance, Hayek was nominated for an Ariel Award.^[10]

Early Hollywood acting work[link]

Hayek moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1991 to study acting under Stella Adler.^[11] She had limited fluency in English, which was attributed to her suffering from dyslexia.^[12] Robert Rodriguez and his producer and then wife Elizabeth Avellan soon gave Hayek a starring role opposite Antonio Banderas in 1995's Desperado.^[4] She followed her role in Desperado with a brief role as a vampire queen in From Dusk Till Dawn, in which she performed a table-top snake dance.

Hayek had a starring part opposite Matthew Perry in the 1997 romantic comedy Fools Rush In. In 1999, she co-starred in Will Smith's big-budget Wild Wild West, and played a supporting role in Kevin Smith's Dogma.^[4] In 2000, Hayek had an uncredited acting part opposite Benicio del Toro in Traffic. In 2003, she reprised her role from Desperado by appearing in Once Upon a Time in Mexico, the final film of the Mariachi Trilogy.

Director, producer and actress[link]

Hayek at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival

Hayek and Banderas at the Puss in Boots premiere in Australia.

Around 2000, Hayek founded film production company Ventanarosa, through which she produces film and television projects. Her first feature as a producer was 1999's El Coronel No Tiene Quien Le Escriba, Mexico's official selection for submission for Best Foreign Film at the Oscars.^[13]

Frida, co-produced by Hayek, was released in 2002. Starring Hayek as Frida Kahlo, and Alfred Molina as her unfaithful husband, Diego Rivera, the film was directed by Julie Taymor and featured an entourage of stars in supporting and minor roles (Valeria Golino, Ashley Judd, Edward Norton, Geoffrey Rush) and cameos (Antonio Banderas). She earned a Best Actress Academy Award nomination for her performance.^[4]

In the Time of the Butterflies is a 2001 feature film based on the Julia Álvarez book of the same name, covering the lives of the Mirabal sisters. In the movie, Salma Hayek plays one of the sisters, Minerva, and Edward James Olmos plays the Dominican dictator Rafael Leónidas Trujillo whom the sisters opposed.^{[citation needed]}

In 2003, Hayek produced and directed The Maldonado Miracle, a Showtime movie based on the book of the same name, winning her a Daytime Emmy Award^[14] for Outstanding Directing in a Children/Youth/Family Special.^[15] In December 2005, she directed a music video for Prince, titled "Te Amo Corazon" ("I love you, sweetheart") that featured Mía Maestro.^[16]

Hayek was an executive producer of Ugly Betty, a television series that aired around the world from 2006 to 2010. Hayek adapted the series for American television with Ben Silverman, who acquired the rights and scripts from the Colombian telenovela Yo Soy Betty La Fea in 2001. Originally intended as a half hour sitcom for NBC in 2004, the project would later be picked up by ABC for the 2006–2007 season with Silvio Horta also producing. Hayek guest-starred on Ugly Betty as Sofia Reyes, a magazine editor. She also had a cameo playing an actress in the telenovela within the show. The show won a Golden Globe Award for Best Comedy Series in 2007. Hayek's performance as Sofia resulted in a nomination for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 59th Primetime Emmy Awards.^[17]

In April 2007, Hayek finalized negotiations with MGM to become the CEO of her own Latin themed film production company, Ventanarosa.^[18] The following month, she signed a two year deal with ABC for Ventanarosa to develop projects for the network.^[19]

Hayek stars as the wife of Adam Sandler in Grown Ups, which also co-stars Chris Rock and Kevin James.^[20] At his insistence, Hayek co-starred with Antonio Banderas in the Shrek spin-off film Puss in Boots as the voice of the character Kitty Softpaws, who serves as Puss's female counterpart and love interest.^[21]

Singing credits[link]

Hayek has been credited as a song performer in three movies. The first was Desperado for the song Quedate Aquí. In Frida she performed the Mexican folk song La Bruja with the band Los Vega. She also recorded Siente mi amor, which played during the end credits of Once Upon a Time in Mexico.^{[citation needed]}

Promotional work[link]

Hayek featured on the cover of Veronica magazine, as seen here on an SUV in Amsterdam

Hayek has been a spokesperson for Avon cosmetics since February 2004.^[22] She formerly was a spokesperson for Revlon in 1998. In 2001, she modeled for Chopard and was featured in 2006 Campari adverts, photographed by Mario Testino.^[23] On April 3, 2009, she helped introduce La Doña, a watch by Cartier inspired by fellow Mexican actress María Félix.^[24]

In 2011, Hayek launched her own line of cosmetics, skincare and haircare products called Nuance by Salma Hayek, to be sold at CVS stores in North America.^[25] She was inspired to create a cosmetic line from her grandmother, who used to make her own facial care products.

Hayek was also featured in a series of Spanish language commercials for Lincoln cars.

In art[link]

In spring 2006, the Blue Star Contemporary Art Center in San Antonio, Texas displayed 16 portrait paintings by muralist George Yepes and filmmaker Robert Rodriguez of Hayek as Aztec goddess Itzpapalotl.^{[citation needed]}

Personal life[link]

Hayek is a naturalized United States citizen.^[26] She studied at Ramtha's School of Enlightenment,^[27] and is a practitioner of yoga.^[28] Her brother, Sami Hayek,^[29] is a designer with his own line of products at Target^[30] and clients that include Louis Vuitton, Brad Pitt, and the Mexican Government.^[31]

On March 9, 2007, Hayek confirmed her engagement to a French billionaire and PPR CEO François-Henri Pinault as well as her pregnancy. On September 21, 2007, she gave birth to daughter Valentina Paloma Pinault at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California. On July 18, 2008, Hayek and Pinault announced the end of their engagement.^[32] They later reconciled and were married on Valentine's Day, 2009 in Paris.^[33] On April 25, 2009, they were married a second time in Venice.^[34]

In July 2011, Hayek's husband was named in a paternity case. According to reports, Pinault is the father of supermodel Linda Evangelista's four-year-old son, Augustin James. He denied all allegations,^[35][36] although the reports were later substantiated.

Activism[link]

Hayek's charitable work includes increasing awareness on violence against women and discrimination against immigrants.^{[37][dead link]} On July 19, 2005, Hayek testified before the U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary supporting reauthorizing the Violence Against Women Act.^[38] In February 2006, she donated $25,000 to a Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, shelter for battered women and another $50,000 to Monterrey based anti-domestic violence groups.^[39] Hayek is a board member of V-Day, the charity founded by playwright Eve Ensler.

Since the birth of her daughter, Hayek has worked to help mothers in developing nations worldwide, teaming up with Pampers and UNICEF to help stop the spread of life-threatening maternal and neonatal tetanus. She is a global spokesperson for the Pampers/UNICEF partnership 1 Pack = 1 Vaccine to help raise awareness of the program.^[40]

Hayek also advocates breastfeeding. During a UNICEF fact-finding trip to Sierra Leone, she breastfed a hungry week-old baby whose mother could not produce milk.^[41]

In 2010, Hayek's humanitarian work earned her a nomination for the VH1 Do Something Awards.^[42]

Honors and awards[link]

• Recipient of Glamour magazine Woman of the Year Award in October 2001.^[43]
• Recipient of Producers Guild of America Celebration of Diversity Award in 2003.
• Recipient of Harvard Foundation Artist of the Year Award in February 2006.^[44]
• Recipient of Time magazine 25 Most Influential Hispanics in 2005.^[45]
• Knight (Chevalier) of the National Order of the Legion of Honour (France, 30 December 2011)^[46]

In July 2007, The Hollywood Reporter ranked Hayek fourth in their inaugural Latino Power 50, a list of the most powerful members of the Hollywood Latino community.^[47] That same month, a poll found Hayek to be the "sexiest celebrity" out of a field of 3,000 celebrities (male and female); according to the poll, "65 percent of the U.S. population would use the term 'sexy' to describe her".^[48] In 2008, she was awarded the Women in Film Lucy Award in recognition of her excellence and innovation in her creative works that have enhanced the perception of women through the medium of television^[49] In December of that year, Entertainment Weekly ranked Hayek number 17 in their list of the "25 Smartest People in TV."^[50]

Hayek is not the only Mexican actress to succeed in Hollywood. Others include Dolores del Río, Lupe Vélez and Katy Jurado.^[51]

Filmography[link]

Event appearances[link]

• Was a member of the 2005 Cannes Film Festival jury.^[53]
• Co-hosted the annual Nobel Peace Prize concert with Julianne Moore in Oslo, Norway on December 11, 2005.^[54]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Salma Hayek

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Salma Hayek

• Salma Hayek at the Internet Movie Database
• Salma Hayek at People.com
• Salma Hayek at Emmys.com

Joel Schumacher
Schumacher in Taormina during the Taormina Film Fest in 2003, for the Italian premiere of Phone Booth
Born	Joel T. Schumacher (1939-08-29) August 29, 1939 (age 72) New York City, New York, U.S.
Nationality	American
Education	Parsons The New School for Design
Alma mater	University of California, Los Angeles
Occupation	Director, screenwriter, producer
Years active	1972–present
Notable work(s)	The Lost Boys, Falling Down, Batman Forever, Batman & Robin, A Time to Kill, 8mm, Tigerland, Phone Booth

Joel T. Schumacher (born August 29, 1939) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.

Early life[link]

Schumacher was born in New York City, the son of Marian (née Kantor) and Francis Schumacher.^[1] His mother was a Swedish Jew, and his father was a Baptist from Knoxville, Tennessee, who died when Joel was four years old.^[2] Schumacher studied at Parsons The New School for Design and The Fashion Institute of Technology in New York.^[3] After first working in the fashion industry, he realized his true love was in filmmaking. He moved out to Los Angeles, where he began his media work as a costume designer in films such as Sleeper and developed his skills with television work while earning an MFA from UCLA. He wrote the screenplay for the 1976 low-budget hit movie Car Wash and a number of other minor successes. He also wrote 1978's The Wiz, an adaptation of the stage play of the same name. His film directorial debut was The Incredible Shrinking Woman in 1981, which starred Lily Tomlin, and he quickly made more successful films, including two "brat pack" works.

Career[link]

The Brat Pack[link]

St. Elmo's Fire and The Lost Boys, considered to be archetypal movies of the 1980s, were two of Schumacher's biggest hits. Their style impressed audiences and their financial success allowed studios to trust him with ever larger projects. He states in the director's commentary for St. Elmo's Fire that he resents the "Brat Pack" label, as he feels it misrepresents the group.

John Grisham[link]

Schumacher has also directed two adaptations of the books of John Grisham, The Client (1994) and A Time to Kill (1996), the latter as the personal choice of Grisham.

Batman[link]

This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2011)

Schumacher later replaced Tim Burton as the director of the Batman film franchise due to the reaction by parental groups to Batman Returns (1992). He directed Batman Forever (1995), replacing Michael Keaton with Val Kilmer; the film would go on to score the highest-grossing opening weekend of 1995, and would finish as the second highest-grossing film of the year.

Inspired by this success, Warner Bros hired Schumacher to direct a sequel, Batman & Robin, in 1997. But after scathing reviews and a drop in ticket sales from the first film, Warner Bros put the series of movies on hiatus, canceling Schumacher's next planned Batman movie Batman Triumphant. On the DVD commentary, Schumacher has admitted that his movie disappointed fans of darker Batman adaptations, saying that the film was made intentionally marketable (or "toyetic") and kid-friendly. He claims to have been under heavy pressure from the studio to do so; however, he admits full responsibility and, at one point, apologizes to any fans who were disappointed. Schumacher, however, is a devoted Batman fan himself and actually would have personally preferred an adaptation of the comic Batman: Year One.^[4]

Schumacher also served as the director for the music videos of two songs appearing in the franchise, "Kiss from a Rose", by Seal and "The End Is the Beginning Is the End" by The Smashing Pumpkins (co-directed with Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris).

Post-Batman career[link]

After back-to-back Grisham and Batman films, Schumacher decided to reinvent his career with darker, lower-budget fare like 8MM with Nicolas Cage, and Flawless with Robert De Niro. 8MM was entered into the 49th Berlin International Film Festival.^[5]

In 1999, Schumacher also directed the music video for "Letting the Cables Sleep" by English rock band Bush. In 2000, Schumacher directed the Vietnam-era boot camp drama Tigerland, which introduced Hollywood to a young Colin Farrell. Kirk Honeycutt of The Hollywood Reporter praised the film as such: "Tigerland lands squarely in the top tier of best movies about America's Vietnam experience."

Schumacher returned to big-budget Hollywood with Bad Company starring Anthony Hopkins and Chris Rock. The film was originally slated to be released in November 2001 but because of the September 11 attacks, it was pushed back to the summer of 2002 because of its theme about terrorist attacks in New York City. The film was panned by most critics and was a box office failure. In 2003, he released the controversial Phone Booth, which reteamed Schumacher with Farrell. The film was also delayed months not only due to 9/11, but later, the Beltway sniper attacks. It received generally positive reviews, earning a 71 percent "Fresh" rating on the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes.^[6] Buoyed by Farrell's recently new-found fame, the film would earn $98.7 million worldwide.

In 2002, he directed Cate Blanchett in the Jerry Bruckheimer-produced biopic Veronica Guerin. It is about the eponymous Irish journalist, who was murdered by drug dealers in 1996.

Schumacher directed a film version of the musical The Phantom of the Opera in 2004, an adaptation of Andrew Lloyd Webber's original stage musical. Despite mixed reviews, the film earned $154.6 million worldwide (Schumacher's biggest hit of the 21st Century to date) and was nominated for three Academy Awards, as well as three Golden Globes including Best Motion Picture-Musical or Comedy.

The director has since filmed The Number 23, which was a critical flop but a financial success.

His next project was the vampire thriller Blood Creek, which filmed in the spring of 2007 in rural Romania. It took a limited release.

In August 2008, Schumacher directed the music video for American rock band Scars on Broadway, for their upcoming single "World Long Gone".^[7]

October 2011 saw a limited release for Schumacher's latest, Trespass. The action-thriller reunited Schumacher with stars Nicole Kidman and Nicolas Cage.^[8]

He was slated to next direct the film The Hive, but left the project for an undisclosed reason, replaced by Brad Anderson.^[9]

Sexuality[link]

Schumacher has been openly gay through most of his career.^[10] In Liz Smith's memoir, Natural Blonde, she states that "He called himself 'A Sexual Outlaw'".

Batman Forever, and to an even greater degree its 1997 sequel Batman & Robin, generated controversy for what fans considered to be homo-erotic innuendos.^[11]

Recurring collaborators[link]

Schumacher often casts the same actors in different films. Kiefer Sutherland, Colin Farrell, Shea Whigham are among his more frequent acting collaborators.

Harry Gregson-Williams often composes the music for his movies and Mark Stevens often serves as editor.

Actors and actresses[link]

Actor	The Incredible Shrinking Woman (1981)	D.C. Cab (1983)	The Lost Boys (1987)	Flatliners (1990)	Dying Young (1991)	Falling Down (1993)	The Client (1994)	Batman Forever (1995)	A Time to Kill (1996)	Batman & Robin (1997)	8MM (1999)	Flawless (1999)	Tigerland (2000)	Bad Company (2002)	Phone Booth (2002)	Veronica Guerin (2003)	The Phantom of the Opera (2004)	The Number 23 (2007)	Blood Creek (2009)	Twelve (2010)	Trespass (2011)
Karina Arroyave						N						N
Arian Ash													N		N
Chris Bauer											N	N
Patricia Belcher				N														N
Nicolas Cage											N										N
Jim Carrey								N										N
Michael Paul Chan						N		N		N
Lynn Collins																		N	N
John Diehl						N	N		N
John Enos III												N			N
Colin Farrell													N		N	N
Maile Flanagan															N			N
Brenda Fricker									N							N
John Glover	N									N
Michael Gough								N		N
Beth Grant				N					N
Anthony Heald							N		N		N
Ciarán Hinds																N	N
Pat Hingle								N		N
Doug Hutchison									N	N
Chris Huvane													N		N
Tommy Lee Jones							N	N
Nicky Katt									N	N
Nicole Kidman								N													N
Tory Kittles													N		N
James MacDonald													N		N
Jim McMullan	N									N
Gerard McSorley																N			N
Emily Meade																				N	N
Amy Morton						N					N
Benjamin Mouton				N		N			N
Chris O'Donnell								N		N
Oliver Platt				N					N
Julia Roberts				N	N
Luis Saguar											N	N
Elizabeth Sanders								N		N
Kimberly Scott				N		N	N	N		N
Peter Stormare											N			N
Kiefer Sutherland			N	N					N						N					N
Nico Tortorella																				N	N
Shea Whigham													N	N					N
Bob Zmuda		N																N

Film crew[link]

• Andrzej Bartkowiak - Cinematographer
• Robert Brown - Editor
• Jerry Bruckheimer - Producer
• David Buckley - Composer
• Aaron Cooley - Producer
• Marion Dougherty - Casting Director
• Mali Finn - Casting Director
• Beau Flynn - Producer
• Stephen Goldblatt - Cinematographer
• Elliot Goldenthal - Composer
• Akiva Goldsman - Screenwriter
• Harry Gregson-Williams - Composer
• James Newton Howard - Composer
• Jessica Kelly - Casting Director
• Ted Kurdyla - Producer
• Andrew Laws - Production Designer
• Matthew Libatique - Cinematographer
• Barbara Ling - Production Designer
• Marci Liroff - Casting Director
• Peter Macgregor-Scott - Producer
• Benjamin Melniker - Producer
• Arnon Milchan - Producer
• Eli Richbourg - Second Unit Director/Producer
• Jan Roelfs - Production Designer
• Suzanne Smith - Casting Director
• Mark Stevens - Editor
• Michael Uslan - Producer
• Dennis Virkler - Editor