name	Chuck Brown
background	solo_singer
birth date	August 28, 1936
origin	Washington, D.C.
instrument	Guitar
genre	Funk, go-go
occupation	Singer, musician, songwriter, record producer, guitarist
years active	1960s–present
website	windmeupchuck.com
notable instruments	Gibson ES-335 (blonde) }}

Chuck Brown (born August 22, 1936) is a guitarist and singer who is affectionately called "The Godfather of Go-go". Go-go is a subgenre of funk music developed in and around Washington, D.C. in the mid- and late 1970s. While its musical classification, influences, and origins are debated, Brown is regarded as the fundamental force behind the creation of go-go music.

Brown's musical career began in the 1960s playing guitar with Jerry Butler and The Earls of Rhythm, joining Los Latinos in 1965. He still performs music today and is commonly known in the Washington, DC area. Brown's early hits include "I Need Some Money" and "Bustin' Loose". "Bustin' Loose" has been adopted by the Washington Nationals baseball team as its home run celebration song, and was interpolated by Nelly for his 2002 number one hit "Hot in Herre." Brown also recorded go-go covers of early jazz and blues songs, such as "Go-Go Swing" Duke Ellington's "It Don't Mean a Thing If Ain't Got That Swing", "Moody's Mood for Love", Johnny Mercer's "Midnight Sun", Louis Jordan's "Run Joe", and T-Bone Walker's "Stormy Monday".

He has influenced other go-go bands such as Big G and The Backyard Band, Rare Essence, Experience Unlimited (EU), Little Benny and the Masters, and Trouble Funk.

The song "Ashley's Roachclip" from the Soul Searchers' 1974 album ''Salt of the Earth'' contains a famous drum break, sampled countless times in various other tracks.

In the mid-1990s, he performed the theme music of Fox's sitcom ''The Sinbad Show'' which later aired on ''The Family Channel'' and ''Disney Channel''.

Brown is considered a local legend in Washington, D.C., and has appeared in television advertisements for the ''Washington Post'' and other area companies. The D.C. Lottery's "Rolling Cash 5" ad campaign features Chuck Brown singing his 2007 song "The Party Roll" in front of various D.C. city landmarks such as Ben's Chili Bowl.

Brown resides in Waldorf, Maryland. His son, Nekos, was a defensive end/linebacker for the Virginia Tech football team. While his son was in college, Brown scheduled concerts and other appearances around the Hokies home schedule to ensure that he would never miss a game, and became a fixture at Lane Stadium. Following the Virginia Tech massacre, Brown was "absolutely devastated" by the tragedy, and cried every day for two weeks. In shows that followed, Brown would pause for a moment in prayer for the victims and their families before beginning his performance, and dedicated several shows to their memory.

Brown was the subject of the cover article in ''The Washington Post Magazine'' on October 4, 2009, entitled ''Chuck Brown's Long'' ''Dance''. He received his first Grammy Award nomination in 2010 for Best R&B; Performance By A Duo Or Group With Vocals for "Love" (with Jill Scott and Marcus Miller), from the album ''We Got This''.

Since the early 1970s, Brown has exclusively played a blonde Gibson ES-335, which is affectionately referred to as his "Blondie."

Chuck Brown will be honored by the National Symphony Orchestra on Sunday, September 4, 2011, at 8pm as the NSO pays tribute to Legends of Washington Music Labor Day concert - honoring the music of Chuck Brown, Duke Ellington and John Philip Sousa - with a FREE concert on the West Lawn of the Capitol. Chuck Brown and his band will also perform.

Discography

1972: ''We the People''

1974: ''Salt of the Earth''

1979: ''Bustin' Loose''

1980: ''Funk Express''

1984: ''We Need Some Money''

1986: ''Go Go Swing Live'' [Future Sounds Production]

1987: ''Any Other Way to Go?''

1987: ''Live '87 - D.C. Bumpin' Y'all'' [live; double album]

1989: ''Trust Me: Live Pa Tape, Vol. 2 '' [Future Records & Tapes]

1990: ''Wind Me up Chuck, Vol. 3'' [Raw Venture Records & Tapes]

1991: ''90's Goin' Hard''

1993: ''This Is a Journey into Time'' [live]

1995: ''Hah Man''

1995: ''The Other Side'' - with Eva Cassidy (recorded in 1992 and released in 1995)

1997: ''Live Pa Tape''

1998: ''Timeless''

1999: ''The Spirit of Christmas''

2001: ''Your Game...Live at the 9:30 Club''

2002: ''Put Your Hands Up!''

2005: ''Best of Chuck Brown'' (remastered)

2007: ''We are About The Business'' (Raw Venture Records)

2010: ''We Got This'' (Raw Venture Records)

See also

Anthony Harley

References

External links

Official website

Chuck Brown's oral history video excerpts at The National Visionary Leadership Project

Photo Gallery of Chuck Brown & his band at the 9:30 Club, Washington DC

"Chuck Brown: Go-Go Godfather's Gumbo", ''All Things Considered'', 10 May 2006

"Wind me up, Chuck", Jeff Chang, San Francisco Bay Guardian, June 2001

"Chuck Brown," Nick Baily, Global Rhythm, August 2007

"Still Soulful, Still Swinging, Still Ready to Bust Loose," Jon Pareles, The New York Times, April 21, 2007

on Chuck Brown's influence

"Chuck Brown's Long Dance," Robin Rose Parker, The Washington Post Magazine, October 4, 2009

Category:1934 births Category:Living people Category:National Heritage Fellowship winners Category:Musicians from Washington, D.C. Category:Go-go musicians

Name	DJ Kool
Background	solo_singer
Birth place	Washington, D.C., United States
Birth name	John W. Bowman, Jr.
Instrument	Vocalist
Genre	Hip hop, go-go, R&B;, funk rap
Occupation	DJ, rapper, singer
Years active	1982–present
Label	CLR Records (1984-1997)American Recordings/Warner Bros. Records (1992-1998)
Associated acts	Rare Essence, Will Smith, Mýa
Website	}}

John W. Bowman, Jr., better known by his stage name DJ Kool is a rapper who, in the late 1990s, produced several popular rap singles. Born in 1959 in Washington, D.C., his influence from his years of working the go-go and rap circuits became apparent in his music. During the early- to mid-1980s, Kool worked as a warm-up DJ for Rare Essence, until he was picked up by CLR Records.

In 1996, he recorded his most successful track, "Let Me Clear My Throat," which was released on American Recordings. The track peaked at #8 in the UK Singles Chart in March 1997. The song prominently featured a sample of "The 900 Number" by DJ Mark the 45 King, (that song featured a sample from Marva Whitney's "Unwind Yourself", repeated over a breakbeat for six minutes). The song also began by sampling "Hollywood Swinging" by Kool and the Gang. The song is a recognizable dance floor-filler, and the track remains popular . DJ Kool was featured on Mýa's 2006 single "Ayo!" from her 2008 album ''Liberation''. He was also featured on two tracks on Will Smith's 2005 album ''Lost and Found''.

On November 21, 2009, he performed at halftime of a Denver Nuggets basketball game.

Discography

Albums

''The Music Ain't Loud Enuff'' (1990)

''20 Minute Workout'' (1992)

''Let Me Clear My Throat'' (1996)

Singles

"Let Me Clear My Throat" (1996)

Guest Appearances

"Be A Man" by "Macho Man" Randy Savage (2003)

"Let's Get Dirty (I Can't Get in da Club)" by Redman (2001)

References

External links

Official Website

Yahoo Biography

Musicmatch guide

Fansite

DJ Kool Video interview with Money Train & Thenkman

Category:1959 births Category:Living people Category:American DJs Category:Hip hop DJs Category:Musicians from Washington, D.C. Category:Go-go musicians

de:DJ Kool it:DJ Kool pl:DJ Kool

Name	Sir Cliff RichardOBE
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Harry Rodger Webb
Born	October 14, 1940Lucknow, United Provinces, British India
Bmi	'25'
Instrument	Vocals, guitar, percussion instruments
Genre	Skiffle, rock and roll, pop, gospel, Contemporary Christian
Occupation	Musician, actor, entrepreneur
Years active	1958–present
Label	EMI, Decca, Columbia, Epic, Rocket, Papillon
Associated acts	The Shadows, Olivia Newton-John, Dionne Warwick
Website	CliffRichard.org
Notable instruments	}}

Sir Cliff Richard, OBE (born Harry Rodger Webb; 14 October 1940) is a British pop singer, musician, performer, actor, entrepreneur and philanthropist, who has sold over 260 million records worldwide.

With his backing group The Shadows, Richard, originally positioned as a rebellious rock and roll singer in the style of Little Richard and Elvis Presley, dominated the British popular music scene in the pre-Beatles period of the late 1950s and early 1960s. His 1958 hit single "Move It" is often described as Britain's first authentic rock and roll song, and John Lennon once claimed that "before Cliff and the Shadows, there had been nothing worth listening to in British music." A conversion to Christianity and subsequent softening of his music later led to a more middle of the road pop image, sometimes venturing into gospel.

Over a 53-year career, Richard has become a fixture of the British entertainment world. He has amassed hundreds of gold and platinum discs and awards, including three Brit awards and two Ivor Novello awards. He has had more than 130 singles, albums and EPs make the UK Top 20, more than any other artist. He holds the record (with Elvis Presley) as the only act to make the UK singles charts in all of its first six decades (1950s–2000s). He has achieved 14 UK number one singles (or 18, depending on the counting methodology) and is the only singer to have had a number one single in the UK in six consecutive decades: the 1950s through to the 2000s (discounting digital downloads and counting only CDs, he also had a UK number one single in the 2000s). He is the biggest selling singles artist of all time in the UK, with total sales of over 27 million and UK album sales of over 18 million. He has sold more than 150 million singles worldwide.

Richard has never achieved the same impact in the United States despite eight US Top 40 singles, three of which peaked in the Top 10, including the million-selling "Devil Woman" and "We Don't Talk Anymore" (with the latter, becoming the first act to reach the Hot 100's top 40 in the 1980s who had also been in that chart's top 40 in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s). In the USA, his singles sales stand at around 10 million while his album sales are about 6 million. In Canada Richard achieved moderate success in the 1980s with a couple of albums gaining platinum status; he has sold around 5 million records there. He has remained a popular music, film, and television personality in Australia (where he has sold more than 5 million records), New Zealand, South Africa, Europe (especially in Germany, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Holland and Belgium) and Asia (especially Malaysia, Singapore, Japan and Hong Kong), and he retains a following in other countries also. He has sold more than 260 million records worldwide.

Biography

1940–58: Childhood

Harry Rodger Webb was born on 14 October 1940 at the King George Hospital, Victoria Street, in Lucknow, India, to Rodger Oscar Webb, a manager for a catering contractor that serviced the Indian Railways, and Dorothy Marie Webb (née Dazely). Rodger Webb was 17 years senior to his Anglo-Indian wife, Dorothy. Richard was baptised Harry Rodger Webb on 2 November 1940 at St Thomas's Church, Dehradun, India. The family lived in a modest house with other Anglo-Indians at Maqbara, close to the main shopping centre of Hazratganj. The Anglo-Indians living at Maqbara often were employed as musicians; a band from there played at the Royal Cafe Restaurant, Lucknow, and another at the Mohmmad Bagh club, which was the officers' military club serving the large garrison at Lucknow. Dorothy's mother served as the dormitory matron at the La Martiniere Girls' School. Anglo-Indians did not enjoy any social status in India and were looked down upon by the British. Richard has three sisters.

In 1948, following Indian independence the family embarked on a three week sea voyage to Tilbury, Essex, England aboard the SS Ranchi. The Webbs moved from comparative wealth in India, where they had servants and lived in a company-supplied flat at Howrah near Calcutta, to a semi-detached house in Carshalton, Surrey (which was the also the location of the school he attended, Stanley Park Juniors). In 1949 his father obtained employment in the credit control office of Thorn Electrical Industries and the family moved in with other relatives in Hertfordshire until a three-bedroom council house in Cheshunt was allocated to them in 1950. Harry Webb then attended Cheshunt Secondary Modern School, later renamed Riversmead School (which was later rebuilt and renamed Bishopslea School) from 1952 to 1957. As a member of the top stream he stayed on beyond the minimum leaving age to take GCE Ordinary Level examinations and he gained a pass in English. He then started work as a filing clerk for a company called Atlas Lamps. A development of flats, Cliff Richard Court, has been named after him in Cheshunt.

Harry Webb became interested in skiffle. His father bought him a guitar at 16 and he formed the Quintones vocal group in 1957. He then sang in the Dick Teague Skiffle Group.

1958–1963: Success and stardom

Harry Webb became lead singer of a rock and roll group, The Drifters (not to be confused with the U.S. group of the same name). 1950s entrepreneur Harry Greatorex wanted the up and coming Rock 'n' Roll singer to change from his real name of Harry Webb. The name "Cliff" was adopted as it sounded like cliff face, which suggested "Rock." It was "Move It" writer Ian Samwell who suggested that the former Harry Webb be surnamed Richard as a tribute to Webb's musical hero Little Richard. Before their first large-scale appearance, at the Regal Ballroom in Ripley, Derbyshire in 1958, they adopted the name "Cliff Richard and the Drifters". The four members were Harry Webb (now going under the stage name "Cliff Richard"), Ian "Sammy" Samwell on guitar, Terry Smart on drums and Norman Mitham on guitar. None of the other three played with the later and better known Shadows, although Samwell wrote songs for Richard's later career.

For his debut session, Norrie Paramor provided Richard with "Schoolboy Crush", a cover of an American record by Bobby Helms. Richard was permitted to record one of his own songs for the B-side; this was "Move It", written by the Drifters' Samwell on a number 715 Green Line bus on the way to Richard's house for a rehearsal. For the "Move It" session Paramor used the session guitarist Ernie Shears on lead guitar and Frank Clark on bass.

There are a number of stories about why the A-side was replaced by the intended B-side. One is that Norrie Paramor's young daughter raved about the B-side; another was that influential TV producer Jack Good, who used the act for his TV show ''Oh Boy!'', wanted the only song on his show to be "Move It". Richard was quoted as saying - ''NME'' - September 1958

The single went to No. 2 on the UK Singles Chart. Music critics Roy Carr and Tony Tyler wrote that it was the first genuine British rock classic, followed by Johnny Kidd and the Pirates' "Shakin' All Over". John Lennon was quoted as saying that "Move It" was the first English rock record.

In the early days, Richard was marketed as the British equivalent to Elvis Presley. Like previous British rockers such as Tommy Steele and Marty Wilde, Richard adopted Presley-like dress and hairstyle. In performance he struck a pose of rock attitude, rarely smiling or looking at the audience or camera. His late 1958 and early 1959 follow-up singles, "High Class Baby" and "Livin' Lovin' Doll", were followed by "Mean Streak", which carried a rocker's sense of speed and passion, and Lionel Bart's "Living Doll". It was on "Living Doll" that the Drifters began to back Richard on record. It was his fifth record,and became his first number 1 single . By that time the group's lineup had changed with the arrival of Jet Harris, Tony Meehan, Hank Marvin, and Bruce Welch. The group was obliged to change its name to "The Shadows" after legal complications with the U.S. Drifters as "Living Doll" entered the American top 40, licensed by ABC-Paramount. "Living Doll" was used in Richard's debut film ''Serious Charge'', but as a country standard, rather than a rock and roll standard.

The Shadows were not a typical backing group. They would become contractually separate from Richard, and the group received no royalties for records backing Richard. In 1959, The Shadows (then still the Drifters) landed an EMI recording contract of their own, for independent recordings. That year, they released three singles, two of which featured double-sided vocals and one of which had instrumental A and B sides. In 1960, they recorded and released "Apache" this time using Richard as a session percussionist playing Chinese drums to open and close this single. Reaching the top of the charts in more than one country, the single set The Shadows on a path of their own. They thereafter had several major hits, including five UK No. 1s. The band also continued to appear and record with Richard and wrote many of his hits. On more than one occasion, a Shadows' instrumental replaced a Richard song at the top of the British charts.

Richard's fifth single "Living Doll" triggered a softer, more relaxed, sound. Subsequent hits, the No. 1s "Travellin' Light" and "I Love You" and also "A Voice in the Wilderness" lifted from his film "Expresso Bongo" and "Theme for a Dream" cemented Richard's status as a mainstream pop entertainer along with contemporaries such as Adam Faith and Billy Fury. Throughout the early sixties his hits were consistently in the top five.

In 1961 EMI records organised Richard's 21st birthday party at its London-HQ in Manchester Square led by his producer Norrie Paramor. Photographs of the celebrations were incorporated into Richard's next album "21 Today" in which Tony Meehan joined in despite, then, having very recently left the Shadows to be replaced by Brian Bennett.

Typically, The Shadows closed the first half of the show with a 30-minute set of their own, then backed Richard on his show-closing 45-minute stint as exemplified by the retrospective CD album release of "Live at the ABC Kingston 1962". Tony Meehan and Jet Harris left the group in 1961 and 1962 respectively and later had their own chart successes for Decca. The Shadows added bass players Brian Locking (1962–63) and then John Rostill (1963–1968) and took on Brian Bennett permanently on drums.

In the early days, particularly on EP and album releases, Richard sometimes recorded without The Shadows in order to cater to other styles with The Norrie Paramor Orchestra with Tony Meehan and then Brian Bennett as a session drummer. Even after the Beatles' rise he continued to achieve hits, although more often with an orchestra rather than The Shadows: a revival of "It's All In The Game" and "Constantly". A session under the direction of Billy Sherrill in Nashville yielded two more top two hits: "The Minute You're Gone" and "Wind Me Up" in 1965.

Cliff Richard, and in particular The Shadows, never achieved star status in the United States. In 1960 they toured the U.S. and were well-received; however, lacklustre support and distribution from a revolving door of American record labels proved an obstacle to long-term success Stateside despite several chart records by Cliff including the aforementioned "It's All In The Game" on Epic, via a renewed linking of the worldwide Columbia labels after Philips ended its distribution deal with CBS. To the Shadows' chagrin, Apache reached #1 in the U.S. via a cover version by Danish guitarist Jorgen Ingmann which was virtually unchanged from their worldwide hit, save a sound effect Ingmann added evoking whooshing arrows in flight created by flicking his fingers on the fretboard. Cliff and the band appeared on ''The Ed Sullivan Show'', which was crucial for The Beatles, but these performances did not help them gain sustained success in North America.

Richard and The Shadows appeared in six feature films all commercially successful,( although the films title was changed to suit various countries' markets) , including a rather odd debut in the 1959 film ''Serious Charge'' but most notably in ''The Young Ones'', (the title song being his biggest hit up to "Mistletoe and Wine"), ''Summer Holiday'' (which featured a slimmed-down Richard with visible dancing skills), ''Wonderful Life'' and ''Finders Keepers''. These films created their own genre known as the "Cliff Richard musical" and led to Richard being named the number one cinema box office attraction in Britain for both 1962 and 1963 beating that of even James Bond. The irreverent 1980s TV sitcom ''The Young Ones'' took its name from Richard's 1962 film, and also made references to the singer. In 1966, Richard and the Shadows appeared as marionettes in the Gerry Anderson film ''Thunderbirds Are GO''. In the summer of 1963 Cliff and the Shadows appeared for a season in Blackpool, where Cliff had his portrait modelled by Victor Heyfron, M.A.

1964–1975: Changing circumstances

As with the other existing rock acts in Britain, Richard's career was affected by the sudden advent of The Beatles and the Mersey sound in 1963 and 1964. However, his popularity was established enough to allow him to weather the storm and continue to have hits in the charts throughout the 1960s, albeit not at the level that he had enjoyed before. Nor did doors open to him in the U.S. market; he was not considered part of the British Invasion, and despite four Hot 100 hits (including the top 25 "It's All In The Game") between August 1963 and August 1964, the U.S. public had little awareness of him. However, he continued having international hits, including 1967's "The Day I Met Marie", which reached #10 in the UK Singles Chart and #5 in the Australian charts, and is considered a quintessential summer hit, due to its summery nature.

Although baptised as an Anglican, Richard did not appear to practise the faith in his early years. However, in 1964, he became an active Christian and this conversion has become an important aspect of his life. Standing up publicly as a Christian affected his career in several ways. Initially, he believed that he should quit rock 'n roll, feeling he could no longer be the rocker who had been called a "crude exhibitionist" and "too sexy for TV" and a threat to parents' daughters. However, by the time Richard converted, his image had become tamer because of his film roles and well-spoken manners on radio and TV. Richard intended at first to 'reform his ways' and become a teacher, but Christian friends advised him not to abandon his career just because he had become a Christian. Soon after, Cliff Richard re-emerged, performing with Christian groups and recording some Christian material. He still recorded secular songs with the Shadows, but devoted a lot of his time to Christian work, including appearances with the Billy Graham crusades. As time progressed, Richard balanced his faith and work, enabling him to remain one of the most popular singers in Britain as well as one of its best-known Christians. He was a leading figure in the Nationwide Festival of Light during 1971, protesting against the commercial exploitation of sex and violence in Britain, and advocating the teaching of Christ as the key to recovering moral stability in the nation.

Cliff Richard's first serious acting role took place in the 1967 film ''Two a Penny'', released by Billy Graham's World Wide Pictures, in which he played a young man who gets involved in drug dealing while questioning his life after his girlfriend changes her attitude. He released the live album "Cliff in Japan" in 1967.

In 1968 he sang the UK's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest: "Congratulations" by Bill Martin and Phil Coulter; it lost by just one point to Spain's "La La La". According to John Kennedy O'Connor's ''The Eurovision Song Contest—The Official History'', this was the closest result yet in the contest and Richard locked himself in the toilet to avoid the nerves of the voting. In May 2008 a Reuters news report claimed that voting in the competition had been fixed by the Spanish dictator leader, Francisco Franco, to ensure that the Spanish entry won, allowing them to host the contest the following year (1969). In particular, it is claimed that Spanish TVE television executives offered to buy programmes in exchange for votes. The story was widely covered and featured on UK Channel 4 News as a main story, with Jon Snow interviewing author and historian John Kennedy O'Connor about the matter. Eurovision later ended voting by national juries in a bid to eradicate such alleged scams. Nevertheless, "Congratulations" was a huge hit throughout Europe and yet another No. 1 in April 1968.

After the Shadows split in 1968, Richard continued to record. He had already become accustomed to the Shadows' absence, and was able to record in a variety of settings. Although many of his earliest fans regretted that Richard had tried out songs which were not strictly in the rock 'n roll genre, most had got used to his habit of recording rockier material with the Shadows, while producing more middle-of-the-road material at other times; this versatility extended Richard's career prospects. During the 1970s, Richard took part in several television shows and fronted his own show ''It's Cliff Richard!'' from 1970 - 1976. It starred Olivia Newton-John, Hank Marvin and Una Stubbs, and included ''A Song for Europe''. These shows, for a time, branded Cliff Richard as a television personality more than a recording artist. He began 1970 by appearing live on the BBC's review of the sixties music scene, ''Pop Go The Sixties'', which was broadcast across Britain and Europe on 31 December 1969. He performed "Bachelor Boy" with The Shadows and "Congratulations" solo. In 1972, he made a short BBC television comedy film called ''The Case'' with appearances from comedians and his first ever duets with a woman, Olivia Newton-John. He went on to release a double live album "Cliff Live in Japan 1972" featuring Newton-John.

In 1973 he starred in the film ''Take Me High'', his final acting role on the silver screen.

In 1973 he sang the British Eurovision entry "Power to All Our Friends"; the song finished third, close behind Luxembourg's "Tu Te Reconnaîtras" and Spain's "Eres Tú". This time, Richard took Valium in order to overcome his nerves and his manager was almost unable to wake him for the performance. Richard also hosted the BBC's qualifying heat for the Eurovision Song Contest, ''A Song for Europe'', in 1970, 1971 and 1972 as part of his BBCTV variety series. He presented the Eurovision Song Contest Previews for the BBC in 1971 and 1972.

In 1975 he released the single "Honky-Tonk Angel" produced by Hank Marvin and John Farrar, oblivious to its connotations or hidden meanings. As soon as Richard was notified that a honky-tonk angel was Southern U.S. slang for a prostitute, Richard ordered EMI to withdraw it. He refused to promote it despite making a video for it. EMI agreed to his demand despite positive sales. About 1,000 copies are known to exist on vinyl. Subsequently Richard was harassed by the British media about this single and in particular this apparent career 'anti-Christian' faux-pas. Thereafter all of Richard's songs on any format were double checked by his management for any conflict with his faith.

1976–1994: Comeback

In 1976 the decision was made to repackage Cliff Richard as a "rock" artist. That year he produced the landmark album ''I'm Nearly Famous'', which included the successful but controversial guitar-driven track "Devil Woman" (Richard's first true hit in the United States) and the ballad "Miss You Nights". Richard's fans were excited about this revival of a performer who had been a part of British rock from its early days. Many music names such as Jimmy Page, Eric Clapton, and Elton John were seen sporting ''I'm Nearly Famous'' badges, pleased that their boyhood idol was getting back into the heavier rock in which he had begun his career. In the same year Richard became the first occidental artist to tour the USSR at the height of the Cold War.

Notwithstanding this, Richard continued to release Gospel-tinged albums in parallel with his rock and pop albums, for example: ''Small Corners'' from 1978 contained the single "Yes He Lives". Despite his 1976 comeback, this single failed to chart in the United Kingdom. In 1980, the singer would legally change his name by deed poll from Harry Webb to Cliff Richard. On 31 December 1976, he performed his latest single "Hey, Mr. Dream Maker" on BBC1's ''A Jubilee Of Music'', celebrating British pop music for Queen Elizabeth II's impending Silver Jubilee.

In 1979, Richard teamed up with the producer Bruce Welch for the pop hit single "We Don't Talk Anymore", written by Alan Tarney, which hit #1 in the UK and #7 in the U.S. Bryan Ferry added hummed backing vocals to the song. The record gave Richard the distinction of becoming the first act to reach the Hot 100 in the 1980s who had also reached the Hot 100 in each of the three previous decades. The song was quickly added onto the end of his latest album ''Rock 'n' Roll Juvenile''. It was his first time at the top of the UK singles chart in over ten years, and the song would become his biggest-selling single ever. The accompanying music video was the sixth to appear on American cable channel MTV when it debuted on 1 August 1981.

In 1980 Richard received the O.B.E. from the Queen for services to music and charity.

At long last he had some extended success in the United States following "Devil Woman". The follow-up "Dreamin'" also reached the top ten, peaking at #10. His 1980 duet "Suddenly" with Olivia Newton-John, from the film ''Xanadu'', was a Top 20 hit in America, peaking at #20. Richard continued with a string of top ten albums, including ''I'm No Hero'', ''Wired for Sound'', ''Now You See Me, Now You Don't'', and, marking his 25th year in show business, ''Silver''. The singles chart also saw his most consistent period of top twenty hits since the mid 1960s, with three of them on the Hot 100 at the same time at the end of 1980. His 1985 single "She's So Beautiful" reached No. 17 in the UK. 1987 saw Richard record his ''Always Guaranteed'' album, which became his best selling album of all new material. It contained the two top ten hit singles "My Pretty One" and "Some People". Richard concluded his thirtieth year in music by reaching number one on the British singles chart with "Mistletoe and Wine", while simultaneously holding the number one positions on the album and video charts with the compilation ''Private Collection'' summing up his biggest hits from 1979-1988. "Mistletoe and Wine" was his biggest seller to that point.

In 1986, Richard teamed up with The Young Ones to re-record his smash hit "Living Doll" for the charity Comic Relief. Along with the song, the recording contained comedy dialogue between Richard and The Young Ones. The release went to No. 1. That same year he opened in the West End as a rock musician called upon to defend Earth in a trial set in the Andromeda Galaxy in the multi-media Dave Clark musical ''Time''. Two Richard singles, "She's So Beautiful" and "Born To Rock 'n Roll", were released respectively in 1985 and 1986 from the concept album recorded for ''Time''.

In 1989 Richard received the Brits highest award The Outstanding Achievement award.

Further top ten albums included ''Stronger'' in 1989, which included the UK No. 2 hit "Best Of Me", and UK No. 3 "Just Don't Have The Heart" written and produced by Mike Stock, Matt Aitken and Pete Waterman, and ''From a Distance'' in 1990. Later that year, Richard scored his second UK Christmas No. 1 single with "Saviour's Day". Richard unsuccessfully bid for the Christmas No. 1 spot again with "We Should Be Together" and "Healing Love" in 1991 and 1993 respectively – the latter being taken from his No. 1 studio album ''Cliff Richard – The Album''. The next few years saw Richard concentrate on bringing the musical ''Heathcliff'' to the stage. The production was a resounding success, but the time it took seemed to take a toll on his reinvigorated chart status. Back in the UK during the next years and throughout the 1980s, Richard remained one of the best-known music artists in the country. In the space of a few years he worked with Elton John, Mark Knopfler, Julian Lennon, Freddie Mercury, Stevie Wonder, Phil Everly, Janet Jackson, Sheila Walsh, and Van Morrison. Richard also reunited with Olivia Newton-John. In 1989, he filled the Wembley Stadium for a few nights with a spectacular titled "The Event". Meanwhile, The Shadows later re-formed (and again split). They recorded on their own, but also reunited with Richard in 1978, 1984, and 1989–90 for some concerts. On 14 June 2004 Cliff Richard joined the Shadows on-stage at the London Palladium. The Shadows had decided to re-form for one final tour of the UK, with this concert heralded as their final ever concert as "Cliff and the Shadows."

1995: Knighthood

Cliff Richard was knighted on 25 October 1995, the first rock star to be so honoured (Bob Geldof had received his honorary knighthood a full nine years earlier, but not being a British subject, he is not permitted to use the title 'Sir', whether in the UK or abroad). Richard was knighted ahead of Paul McCartney (1997), Elton John (1998), Mick Jagger and Tom Jones.

1996–2007

In 1996 he famously led the Wimbledon Centre Court crowd in singing during a rain delay when asked by Wimbledon officials to entertain the crowd. Richard was not aware this performance was being televised by the BBC and after singing six of his golden greats, TV presenter Des Lynam commented on this and added jokingly "we'll probably get one hell of a bill".

In 1998, Richard demonstrated that radio stations were refusing to play his music by releasing his latest single "Can't Keep This Feeling In" on a white label under the pseudonym of Blacknight. The single was well regarded and featured on playlists until the true artist was revealed.

In 1999, controversy again arose regarding radio stations refusing to play his releases when EMI, Richard's label since 1958, refused to release his latest song, "Millennium Prayer". Richard took it to an independent label, Papillon, which released the charity recording (in aid of Children's Promise). The single went on to top the UK chart for three weeks, becoming his fourteenth No. 1 and the third-highest-selling single of his career. Richard's next album, in 2001, was a covers project, ''Wanted,'' followed by another top ten album, ''Cliff at Christmas.'' The holiday album contained both new and older recordings, including the single "Santa's List", which reached No. 5 in 2003.

For his seven day long 60th birthday party Richard in conjunction with OK magazine hired a cruise boat to Monte Carlo and sailed with his top 80 (out of a possible 500) specially invited guests, mostly from British showbiz, to France. Notable attendees were Olivia Newton-John, Shirley Bassey, Sue Barker, Gloria Hunniford, Tim Rice, Mike Read, Bobby Davro(a Cliff Richard impersonator), Richard's three sisters, etc. Notable non-attendees were all the members of The Shadows, except Bruce Welch, all of whom would have been shortlisted on Richard's original list of 500 guests.

Cliff Richard finished number 56 in the 2002 100 Greatest Britons list, sponsored by the BBC and voted for by the public.

Richard decamped to Nashville, Tennessee for his next album project in 2004, employing a writers' conclave to give him the pick of all new songs for the album ''Something's Goin' On''. Though the collection was critically well-received, it had disappointing sales. Nevertheless it was yet another top ten album, and produced three top fifteen singles: "Something's Goin' On", "I Cannot Give You My Love", with Barry Gibb of the Bee Gees, and the lively "What Car". Richard did not hide his disappointment with the album's lacklustre sales, and it was speculated that it might have been his last ever album of original songs.

''Two's Company'', an album of duets released in 2006, was another top 10 success and included newly recorded material with Brian May, Dionne Warwick, Anne Murray, Barry Gibb and Daniel O'Donnell, plus some previously recorded duets with artists such as Phil Everly, Elton John and Olivia Newton-John. ''Two's Company'' was released to coincide with the UK leg of his latest world tour, "Here and Now", which included a number of lesser known but fan-favourite songs such as "My Kinda Life", "How Did She Get Here", "Hey Mr. Dream Maker", "For Life", "A Matter Of Moments", "When The Girl In Your Arms", "Every Face Tells A Story", "Peace In Our Time" and the Christmas single "21st Century Christmas", which debuted at No. 2 on the UK singles chart.

Richard's mother, Dorothy Webb, suffered from dementia. In a September 2006 interview with the ''Daily Mail'', he spoke about the difficulties he and his sisters had in dealing with their mother's condition. On 18 October 2007 a statement on the star's website read, "We are sad to report that Cliff's mother, Dorothy, passed away early on 17 October; she was 87."

Another compilation album, ''Love... The Album'' was released on 12 November 2007. Like ''Two's Company'' before it, this album includes both previously released material and newly recorded songs, namely "Waiting For A Girl Like You", "When You Say Nothing At All", "All Out Of Love", "If You're Not the One" and "When I Need You" (the last was released as a single, reaching number 38; the album peaked at number 13). The concept of the project has divided fans who anticipate an album of new material.

2008: 50th anniversary

2008, Richard's 50th year in music, saw the release of the 8 CD box set ''And They Said It Wouldn't Last (My 50 Years In Music)''. In September, a single celebrating his 50 years in pop music, titled "Thank You for a Lifetime" was released. On 14 September 2008 it reached No. 3 on the UK music charts. On 2 November 2008, British newspaper ''The Mail on Sunday'' gave away a free promotional CD entitled ''50th Anniversary'' containing 12 tracks picked by Richard himself. On 11 November 2008, Cliff Richard's official website announced that 20 years after their latest concert together, Cliff and The Shadows would reunite to celebrate their 50th anniversary in the music business. A month later they performed at the Royal Variety Performance. In 2009 Cliff and The Shadows brought their partnership to an end with the "Golden Anniversary concert tour of the UK".

2009: Reunion

A new album by Cliff Richard and the Shadows was released in September 2009. Titled ''Reunited'', It was their first studio project in forty years. The 28 tracks recorded comprise 25 re-recordings of their earlier classics, with three "new" tracks, originally from that era (and earlier), the single "Singing the Blues", along with Eddie Cochran's "C'mon Everybody" and the Frankie Ford hit "Sea Cruise". The tracks are to be spread across the single and its bonus tracks, a limited edition version of the album, as well as a standard CD release. The album charted at number 6 in the UK charts in its opening week and peaked at number 4. The reunion tour continued into Europe in 2010. In June 2009 it was reported by Sound Kitchen Studios in Nashville that Cliff was to return there shortly to record a new album of original recordings of jazz songs. He was to record fourteen tracks in a week.

2010–present

Richard performed "Congratulations" at the 70th birthday celebrations of Queen Margrethe II in Denmark on 13 April 2010.

In October 2010 Cliff Richard celebrated his 70th birthday. To mark the occasion Richard performed a series of six concerts at the Royal Albert Hall, London. Over 30,000 tickets for the concerts went on sale on 7 March and sold out within a few hours. To accompany the concerts a new album of cover versions of swing standards, ''Bold as Brass'', was released on 11 October.

His official 70th birthday party was held on the 23rd October with guests including Cilla Black, Elaine Paige and Daniel O'Donnell.

After a quick week of promotion Cliff flew out to rehearse for the German Night Of The Proms concerts in Belgium at the end of October. Cliff made a surprise appearance at the Antwerp, Belgium concert of the Night Of The Proms on Thursday, 28 October 2010. He sang We Don't Talk Anymore to a great reaction from the surprised 20,000 fans at Sportpaleis Antwerp.

Cliff will tour 12 German cities during November/December 2010 during the Night Of The Proms concerts as the headline act. The total of 18 concerts will be attended by over 300,000 fans. Cliff will perform a selection of hits and also some new tracks from his new album Bold As Brass.

The first two performances were in Köln at the Lanxess Arena where audiences totalled 50,000.

In Munich Cliff added his hand prints to the Munich Olympic Walk Of Stars during a break when the concerts were held there.

With the DVD release of Bold As Brass in November 2010 Cliff achieved his 3rd consecutive number 1 music DVD in three years. It has so far achieved a total of 8 weeks in the top 10 on the UK chart selling nearly 60,000 copies. It also charted in New Zealand, and Denmark in the top 10 and in Holland in the top 20. Selling a further 10,000 copies.

Lack of commercial support

Cliff Richard openly complains about the lack of commercial support he receives from radio stations and record labels. He spoke about this on ''The Alan Titchmarsh Show'' on ITV in December 2007, pointing out that while new bands needed airplay for promotion and sales, long-established artists like himself also relied upon airplay for the same ends. He did note, however, that so-called eighties radio stations did play his records and that this went some way to help sales and maintain his media presence. In the recent BBC Radio 2 documentary "Cliff – Take Another Look", he pointed out that many documentaries charting the history of British music (e.g. ''I'm in a Rock 'n' Roll Band!'') fail to even mention him (or The Shadows).

Cliff Richard's protracted chart success undermines radio stations' claims that he does not enjoy the support of their target audiences. Richard believes he is "the most radical rock star there has ever been". Richard's premise is that his decision not to adopt the "sex, drugs and alcohol" image expected of rock stars, then and now, was the truly avant-garde choice.

Career achievements

Richard holds many records for the number of concerts held at various venues around the world. In the UK he holds the record for most performances at the Royal Albert Hall, with over 80 performances at the venue with audiences reaching 450,000. He also holds the record for most shows at Wembley Arena, where he has performed at least 66 concerts to audiences of nearly 800,000. In Birmingham, Richard has performed at least 56 shows at the NIA (totalling 620,000 attendees), in addition to over 20 shows at the NEC arena. In Manchester Richard has performed at the MEN arena eight times with over 120,000 fans attending the shows. He appeared twice at Wembley Stadium in 1989 in celebration of his 30th year in music; over 144,000 fans attended the sold-out shows. Richard has also performed hundreds of times in Australia and New Zealand in cities including Melbourne, Sydney and Auckland, audience members totalling hundreds of thousands.

Personal life

Richard's father, Roger Webb, died in 1961, and his mother Dorothy died in 2007.

Richard is a lifelong bachelor. In a letter written in October 1961 to "his first serious girlfriend", Australian dancer Delia Wicks, and made public in April 2010 after her death from cancer, Richard writes: "Being a pop singer I have to give up one priceless thing – the right to any lasting relationship with any special girl." The pair had been dating for 18 months. In the letter he goes on to say: "I couldn't give up my career, besides the fact that my mother and sisters, since my father's death, rely on me completely. (...) I have showbiz in my blood now and I would be lost without it." He has said that he once considered marriage to the dancer Jackie Irving and later to the former tennis player Sue Barker.

In 1979, Richard was one of approximately 30,000 people gathering at London's Trafalgar Square to protest against the Swedish sex education film ''Kärlekens Språk'', which was showing at a nearby cinema.

Richard currently lives with a former Roman Catholic priest, John McElynn, whom he met in 2001 while doing charity work in the United States; McElynn has been described as Richard's property manager and looks after the properties whilst Richard is away. Richard describes McElynn as a close friend and companion, and Richard declines discussion about their relationship: "what business is it of anyone else’s what any of us are as individuals? I don’t think my fans would care either way." Asked about rumours in the media about his being homosexual, Richard has said: "I am sick to death of the media’s speculation about it."

Richard has called on the Church of England to affirm people's commitment in same-sex marriage. In his autobiography he states that "... many of my friends are gay – let's face it, homosexuality has been legal for more than thirty years. For me, the commitment is what counts – and I'll leave the judging to God."

According to the Sunday Times Rich List 2010, Richard is worth £50m. As well as owning various houses and apartments around the world, Richard has become joint owner of the Arora International Hotel in Manchester, which opened in June 2004. He also owns a Quinta in the Algarve, Portugal, where he is involved in the production of wines at the Adega do Cantor (“Winery of the Singer”), a state-of-the-art winery in Guia, near Albufeira. In 2006 Cliff Richard received Portugal’s equivalent of a knighthood in recognition of his 40 years of personal and business involvement in that country.

Works and achievements

Discography

Awards

;Brit Awards

1977 – Best British male solo artist during the past 25 years

1982 – Best British male solo artist

1989 – Lifetime achievement: Outstanding contribution to music (excluded The Shadows)

; ''TV Times''

1980 – Most Exciting Male Singer on TV

1987 – Best Male Singer

1989 – Favourite Singer

;''The Sun'' Reader Polls

1970 – Male Pop Personality

1971 – Top Male Pop Personality

1972 – Top Male Pop Personality

;''NME'' Reader Polls

1958 – Best New Disc or TV Singer

1959 – UK Male Singer

1959 – Best Single: "Living Doll"

1960 – Best UK Single: "Living Doll"

1961 – UK Male Singer

1962 – UK Male Singer

1963 – UK Male Singer

1963 – Best World Male Singer

1964 – UK Male Singer

1964 – UK Vocal Personality

1965 – UK Male Singer

1966 – UK Male Singer

1966 – UK Vocal Personality

1967 – UK Vocal Personality

1968 – UK Vocal Personality

1969 – British Vocal Personality

1970 – UK Male Singer

1970 – UK Vocal Personality

1970 – World's Best Recording Artist of the 60s

1971 – UK Male Singer

1971 – British Vocal Personality

1972 – UK Male Singer

1972 – British Vocal Personality

;Ivor Novello

1968 – Most Performed Work: "Congratulations" by Bill Martin and Phil Coulter

1970 – Outstanding Services to Music

;''Melody Maker''

1959 – Best Male Singer

1960 – Top British Male Singer

1962 – The Emen Award – Top male singer

1962 – Top British Male Singer

1962 – Top single of the year: "The Young Ones"

1963 – Best Male Singer

1964 – Best Male Singer

1965 – Best UK Male Singer

1967 – Top Male Singer

;''Disc & Music Echo''

1967 – Best-Dressed Male

1968 – Best-Dressed Male

1969 – Best-Dressed Male

1970 – Top British Male Singer

1970 – Best-Dressed Male

1970 – Mr. Valentine

1971 – Mr. Valentine

;''Bravo'' Magazine (Germany)

1964 – Best Male Singer – Gold

1964 – Year End Singles Charts – 1. "Sag 'no' Zu Ihm" ("Don't talk to him")

1965 – Best Male Singer – Gold

1980 – Top International Male Singer

;''Record Mirror''

1961 – ''Record Mirror'' Survey – Most successful chart records 1958–1961 – No 1: Cliff Richard, "Living Doll" (Cliff had three of the top five records and a further two in the Top 50)

1964 – ''Record Mirror'' Poll – Best-Dressed Singer in the World

;1960s

1961 – Royal Variety Club – Show Business Personality

1961 – ''Weekend'' Magazine – Star of Stars

1962 – ''Motion Picture Herald'' Box-Office Survey Of 1962 – Most Popular Male Film Actor

1963 – ''Motion Picture Herald'' Box-Office Survey Of 1963 – Most Popular Male Film Actor

1963 – ''16'' (US Magazine) – Most Promising Singer

1964 – ''Billboard'' (US Magazine) – Best Recording Artist UK

1969 – ''Valentine'' Magazine – Mr Valentine

;1970s

1970 – National Viewers' and Listeners' Association – Outstanding Contribution to Religious Broadcasting and Light Entertainment

1971 – ''Record Mirror'' – UK Male Singer

1974 – Nordoff Robbins Music Therapy Committee – Silver Clef – Outstanding Services to the Music Industry

1977 – The Songwriter's Guild Of Great Britain – Golden Badge Award

1979 – ''Music Week'' – Special Award for 21 years as successful recording artistes – Cliff Richard and The Shadows

1979 – EMI Records – Gold Clock and Gold Key award – EMI celebrates 21-year partnership with Cliff

;1980s

1980 – Cliff receives O.B.E. from The Queen

1980 – BBC TV Multi-Coloured Swap Shop – Best UK Male Vocalist

1980 – National Pop And Rock Awards – Best Family Entertainer

1980 – Nationwide, in conjunction with Radio 1 and the ''Daily Mirror'' – Best Family Entertainer

1981 – ''Sunday Telegraph'' Readers Poll – Top Pop Star

1981 – ''Daily Mirror'' Readers Award – Outstanding Music Personality Of The Year

1989 – The Lifetime Achievement Diamond Award (Antwerp)

;1990s 1992 – Spectacle Wearer Of The Year

1995 – American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers – Pied Piper Award (Cliff became the first British recipient of Ascap's coveted Pied Piper Award, which recognises outstanding contributions to the songwriter and music community)

1995 – The formal investiture of Cliff Richard as Knight Bachelor took place at 10.30 a.m. in Buckingham Palace on Wednesday 25 October

1998 – Dutch Edison – Lifetime Achievement Award

;2000s

2000 – South Bank Awards – Outstanding Achievement Award

2003 – British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors – Gold Badge of merit

2003 – Lawn Tennis Association – 20 Years of Service to Tennis Award

2004 – Induction into UK Music Hall of Fame (representing the 1950s – Cliff and The Shadows)

2004 – Ultimate Pop Star (No. 1 singles recording artist in UK)

2005 – Avenue of Stars (star on the pavement, London)

2005 – Rose D'or Music Festival (Paris) – Golden Rose

2006 – Portuguese Ordem do Infante Dom Henrique - Order of Prince Henry (awarded for services to Portugal)

Tours and concerts

Filmography

Film

''Serious Charge'' (1959)

''Expresso Bongo'' (1960)

''The Young Ones'' (1961) (aka ''It's Wonderful to be Young'')

''Summer Holiday'' (1963)

''Wonderful Life'' (aka ''Swingers' Paradise'', 1964)

''Finders Keepers'' (1966)

''Rhythm 'n Greens'' (B-movie) (guest appearance: CR plays "King Canute")

''Thunderbirds Are GO'' (as puppet-marionettes)

''Two a Penny'' (1969)

''His land'' (1970)

''The Case'' (1972) (features Olivia Newton-John)

''Take Me High'' (1973)

TV series

1960: ''The Cliff Richard Show'' (ATV Television)

1961: ''Cliff'' (ATV Television)

1963: ''The Cliff Richard Show'' (ATV Television)

1964: ''Cliff'' (ATV Television)

1965: ''Cliff and the Shadows'' (ATV Television)

1967: ''Cliff'' (ATV Television)

1970: ''Cliff Richard Show'' featuring Marvin, Welch, Farrar, Olivia Newton-John and Una Stubbs (BBC Television)

1971: ''Cliff Richard Show'' featuring Marvin, Welch, Farrar, Olivia Newton-John and Una Stubbs (BBC Television)

1972: ''Cliff Richard Show'' featuring Marvin, Welch, Farrar, Olivia Newton-John and Una Stubbs (BBC Television)

1975: ''It's Cliff and Friends'' (BBC Television)

1976: ''It's Cliff and Friends'' (BBC Television)

Other TV Shows

! Air Date	! Episode	! Viewers	! Channel
1971	Getaway with Cliff	5,200,000	BBC
1972	The Case	5,000,000	BBC
1999	An Audience With Sir Cliff Richard	11,000,000	ITV
2001	The Hits I Missed	6,500,000	ITV
2008	When Piers Met Sir Cliff	5,500,000	ITV

Stage musicals

''Aladdin'' – music by The Shadows and Norrie Paramor

''Cinderella'' – music by The Shadows and Norrie Paramor

''Time'' – music by Dave Clark

''Heathcliff'' – music by John Farrar and lyrics by Sir Tim Rice

See also

Best selling music artists

List of celebrities who own wineries and vineyards

Further reading

The Cliff Richard Story by George Tremlett, Futura Publications Limited, London, 1975, ISBN 0-8600-7232-0

The Complete Recording Sessions, 1958–90, by Peter Lewry and Nigel Goodall. ISBN 978-0-7137-2242-0.

Which One's Cliff?, by Cliff Richard Coronet ISBN 0-340-27159-0.

You, Me and Jesus, by Cliff Richard with Bill Latham, pub: Hodder & Stoughton, London.

The Biography, by Steve Turner. ISBN 978-0-7459-5279-6.

The Bachelor Boy, by S.Turner. ISBN 978-1-84442-037-7.

The Story of the Shadows, by Mike Read. 1983. Elm Tree books. ISBN 0-241-10861-6.

The Complete Rock Family Rock Trees, by Pete Frame. Omnibus. ISBN 0-7119-6879-9.

Guinness World Records: British Hit Singles and Albums (19th Edn), David Roberts. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.

The Complete Book of the British Charts Singles and Albums, by Neil Warwick, Jon Kutner & Tony Brown, 3rd Edn. ISBN 978-1-84449-058-5.

Jet Harris — Survivor, by Dave Nicolson, ISBN 978-0-9562679-0-0, 31 October 2009.

References

External links

Cliff Richard's official website

Cliff Richard Songs site

bfi.org.uk - Cliff Richard on film (bfi database)

Category:1940 births Category:Living people Category:20th-century actors Category:BRIT Award winners Category:British Eurovision Song Contest entrants Category:British performers of Christian music Category:Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1968 Category:Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1973 Category:Converts to Christianity Category:English businesspeople Category:English child singers Category:English Christians Category:English evangelicals Category:English film actors Category:English-language singers Category:English male singers Category:English pop musicians Category:English pop singers Category:English television actors Category:Ivor Novello Award winners Category:Knights Bachelor Category:Officers of the Order of the British Empire Category:People from Cheshunt Category:People from Lucknow Category:Silver Clef Awards winners Category:The Shadows Category:Rocket Records artists

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