• Academy Awards
• Al-Andalus
• AllRovi
• Almoravid dynasty
• Almoravides
• Ampudia
• Andrew Cruickshank
• Anthony Mann
• Belmonte
• Ben Barzman
• Ben-Hur (1959 film)
• Bend of the River
• Border Incident
• Bosley Crowther
• Brazil
• Breach of contract
• Calahorra
• Carnaúba dos Dantas
• Castle Di Bivar
• Charlton Heston
• Cimarron (1960 film)
• Cinema of Italy
• Desperate (film)
• Devil's Doorway
• Douglas Wilmer
• El Cid
• El Cid (film)
• Emirs
• English language
• Epic film
• Frank Thring
• Fredric M. Frank
• García Ordóñez
• Gary Raymond
• Geneviève Page
• Golden Globe Award
• Helen of Troy (film)
• Henry V (1944 film)
• Herbert Lom
• Hurd Hatfield
• Italy
• Ivanhoe (1952 film)
• Jaime Prades
• Jimena Díaz
• John Fraser (actor)
• Kingdom of Castile
• Knight
• Man of the West
• Martin Scorsese
• Massimo Serato
• Men in War
• Michael Hordern
• Michal Waszynski
• Miklós Rózsa
• Miramax Films
• Moonlight in Havana
• Moors
• Ocean liner
• Peñíscola
• Philip Yordan
• Raf Vallone
• Railroaded!
• Ralph Truman
• Ramón Menéndez Pidal
• Rank Organization
• Raw Deal (1948 film)
• Richard A. Fletcher
• Robert Krasker
• Rotten Tomatoes
• Samuel Bronston
• Screenplay
• Serenade (film)
• Sidi
• Sing Your Way Home
• Sophia Loren
• Super Technirama 70
• T-Men
• The Bamboo Blonde
• The Far Country
• The Furies (film)
• The Great Flamarion
• The Man from Laramie
• The Naked Spur
• The New York Times
• The Tall Target
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• Time (magazine)
• Torrelobatón
• Tullio Carminati
• Two O'Clock Courage
• United States
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• Valencia, Spain
• Veniero Colasanti
• Verna Fields
• Winchester '73
• Yusuf ibn Tashfin
• Zaragosa
• 
  

• 
  Ampudia
  Ampudia is a municipality located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 677 inhabitants.
  Coordinates: 41°55′N 4°47′W / 41.917°N 4.783°W / 41.917; -4.783
  
  
  
  wn.com/Ampudia
• 
  Brazil
  Brazil ⁱ/brəˈzɪl/ (Portuguese: Brasil, IPA: [bɾaˈziw]), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil,  listen (help·info)), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
  Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km (4,655 mi). It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas region of French Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay. Numerous archipelagos form part of Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz. It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile.
  Brazil was a colony of Portugal from the landing of Pedro Álvares Cabral in 1500 until 1815, when it was elevated to the rank of kingdom and the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves was formed. The colonial bond was in fact broken in 1808, when the capital of the Portuguese colonial empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro, after Napoleon invaded Portugal.Independence was achieved in 1822 with the formation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. The country became a presidential republic in 1889, when a military coup d'état proclaimed the Republic, although the bicameral legislature, now called Congress, dates back to the ratification of the first constitution in 1824. Its current Constitution, formulated in 1988, defines Brazil as a Federal Republic. The Federation is formed by the union of the Federal District, the 26 States, and the 5,564 Municipalities.
  
  wn.com/Brazil
• 
  Calahorra
  Calahorra, (pronounced: [kalaˈora]), La Rioja, Spain is a municipality in the comarca of Rioja Baja, near the border with Navarre on the right bank of the Ebro. During ancient Roman times, Calahorra was a municipium known as Calagurris.
  The city is located on a hill at an altitude of 358 metres at the confluence of the Ebro and Cidacos rivers, and has an area of 91.41 km². Calahorra is the second-largest city in La Rioja in population and importance, after the capital, Logroño. Its population is 21,060 people.
  It is well connected to other cities, especially by highway. It is situated in the Ebro valley, 48 kilometres from Logroño, 120 km from Zaragoza and 180 km from Bilbao, and is connected to these cities by national highway 232, the A-68 motorway (Vasco-Aragonesa) and the Bilbao-Zaragoza rail line.
  Its daily bus services link it to such cities as Pamplona, Soria, and San Sebastián.
  Its status as seat of a comarca and judicial district make it a service-industry city, in administrative, commercial, and leisure fields.
  
  wn.com/Calahorra
• Carnaúba dos Dantas
  Carnaúba dos Dantas is a town and municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Norte in the Northeast region of Brazil.
  Coordinates: 6°33′S 36°35′W / 6.55°S 36.583°W / -6.55; -36.583
  
  wn.com/Carnaúba_dos_Dantas
• 
  Italy
  Italy ⁱ/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km² (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
  Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.
  
  wn.com/Italy
• 
  Torrelobatón
  Torrelobatón is a municipality located in the province of Valladolid, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 577 inhabitants.
  Coordinates: 41°39′N 5°01′W / 41.65°N 5.017°W / 41.65; -5.017
  
  
  
  wn.com/Torrelobatón
• 
  United States
  The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
  At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
  
  wn.com/United_States

• Andrew Cruickshank
  Andrew John Maxton Cruickshank (25 December 1907 Aberdeen, Scotland – 29 April 1988 London, England) was a Scottish supporting actor, most famous for his portrayal of Dr Cameron in the long-running UK BBC television series, Dr Finlay's Casebook, which ran for 191 episodes from 1962 until 1971.
  Andrew Cruickshank (Junior) was born to Andrew and Mary Cruickshank, and was educated at Aberdeen Grammar School. He was to have entered the profession of civil engineering after completing his education, but instead joined provincial repertory theatres, leading to 1930 roles in Othello at the Savoy Theatre in London, as Maudelyn in Richard of Bordeaux at the Empire Theatre on Broadway in 1934, and culminating in his principal appearance (as three characters) on the London stage in 1935, at the Gate Theatre in the play Victoria Regina. He returned to Broadway in 1951 until 1952, as the Earl of Warwick in George Bernard Shaw's play Saint Joan, with Uta Hagen in the lead role.
  His first film role followed in 1937, as the poet Robert Burns in Auld Lang Syne. Subsequently, however, he would be typecast into portrayals of formal authority figures, such as judges and doctors.
  
  wn.com/Andrew_Cruickshank
• Anthony Mann
  Anthony Mann (June 30, 1906 – April 29, 1967) was an American actor and film director, most notably of film noirs and Westerns. As a director, he often collaborated with the cinematographer John Alton and with James Stewart in his Westerns.
  Born Emil Anton Bundsmann in the Point Loma area of San Diego, California, Mann was the son of Austrian immigrants Emile Theodore Bundsmann, and his wife Bertha Waxelbaum (original surname: Weichselbaum) of Macon, Georgia.^{[citation needed]}
  Mann started out as an actor, appearing in plays off-Broadway in New York City. In 1938, he moved to Hollywood, where he joined the Selznick International Pictures.
  Mann became an assistant director in 1942, directing low-budget assignments for RKO and Republic Pictures.
  Mann was respected for his acute visual sensitivity toward the American Western landscape, effortlessly blending natural vistas with human drama. Mann's dramas verged on classical tragedy, often showing anguished heroes attempting to resolve personal pain and confusion.
  
  wn.com/Anthony_Mann
• Ben Barzman
  Ben Barzman (October 12, 1910 – December 15, 1989) was a Canadian journalist, screenwriter, and novelist. He was born in Toronto, Ontario, and died in Santa Monica, California, USA. He is best known as a writer or co-writer of more than 20 films, from You're a Lucky Fellow, Mr. Smith (1943) to The Head of Normande St. Onge (1975).
  Like many of his colleagues in the movie business, Ben Barzman was blacklisted by the House Un-American Activities Committee. Anticipating things to come, he first went to the U.K. in 1949 to work on the film Give Us This Day (also known as Christ in Concrete). In the 1950s he moved to southern France, with his wife Norma Barzman, who was also a screenwriter of Hollywood films such as The Locket (1946). He sometimes wrote scripts anonymously, or used various assumed names.^{[citation needed]}
  In 1960, Barzman emerged as a science fiction author, with his novel Out of This World. It deals with the idea of Earth having a planet twin, a parallel world in the same orbit, but hidden from our view by the sun itself. The two planets have developed almost identically from their creation way back, with the same countries, history, languages, and even, strangely enough, people. The big difference is that World War II never happened on the other Earth.
  
  wn.com/Ben_Barzman
• Bosley Crowther
  Bosley Crowther (July 13, 1905 – March 7, 1981) was an American journalist and author who was film critic for The New York Times for 27 years. His reviews and articles helped shape the careers of actors, directors and screenwriters, though his reviews, at times, have been perceived as unnecessarily mean. Crowther was an advocate of foreign-language films in the 1950s and 1960s, particularly those of Roberto Rossellini, Vittorio De Sica, Ingmar Bergman, and Federico Fellini.
  Born Francis Bosley Crowther Jr. in Lutherville, Maryland, Crowther moved as a child to Winston-Salem, North Carolina, where he published a neighborhood newspaper, The Evening Star. His family moved to Washington, D.C., and Crowther graduated from Western High School in 1922. After two years of prep school in Orange, Virginia at Woodberry Forest School, he entered Princeton University, where he majored in history. For his writing performance, Crowther was offered a job as a cub reporter for The New York Times at a salary of $30 a week. He declined the offer, made to him by the publisher Arthur Hays Sulzberger, hoping to find employment on a small Southern newspaper. When the salary offered by those papers wasn't half of the Times offer, he went to New York and took the job. He was the first night club reporter for the Times, and in 1933 was asked by Brooks Atkinson to join the drama department. He spent five years covering the theater scene in New York, and even dabbled in writing for the theater.^{[citation needed]}
  
  wn.com/Bosley_Crowther
• 
  Charlton Heston
  Charlton Heston (born John Charles Carter; October 4, 1923 – April 5, 2008) was an American actor of film, theatre and television. Heston is known for heroic roles in films such as The Ten Commandments, Ben-Hur for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor, El Cid, and Planet of the Apes. He also is well known for his roles in the films The Greatest Show on Earth and Touch of Evil.
  Heston was also known for his political activism. In the 1950s and 1960s he was one of a handful of Hollywood actors to speak openly against racism and was an active supporter of the Civil Rights Movement. Initially a moderate Democrat, he later supported conservative Republican policies and was president of the National Rifle Association from 1998 to 2003.
  Heston was born John Charles Carter, the son of Lilla (née Charlton; 1899–1994) and Russell Whitford Carter (1897–1966), a sawmill operator. Most sources state that he was born in Evanston, Illinois. Heston's autobiography, however, and some other sources place his birth in No Man's Land, Illinois, which usually refers to a then-unincorporated area now part of Wilmette, a wealthy northern suburb of Chicago. Heston said in a 1995 interview that he was not very good at remembering addresses or his early childhood.
  
  wn.com/Charlton_Heston
• Douglas Wilmer
  Douglas Wilmer (born 8 January 1920) is an English actor, best known for playing Sherlock Holmes.
  Wilmer was born in London and educated at King's School, Canterbury and Stonyhurst College. He trained at RADA but was called up to the Army in World War II. Posted to an antitank battery in the Royal West African Frontier Force, he was invalided out after he acquired tuberculosis. He made his 1945 stage debut in repertory at Rugby. He appeared frequently on the London stage, mainly in classical and Shakespearean roles.
  He made his first major film appearance in Laurence Olivier's Richard III (1955) thereafter he appeared in a large number of films, mostly in supporting roles. They include several epic films: The Battle of the River Plate as M. Desmoulins (1956), El Cid as Al-Mu'tamin (1961), Cleopatra (1963), The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964), Khartoum as Khalifa Abdullah (1966), Patton as Maj. Gen. Francis de Guingand (1970), Cromwell as Sir Thomas Fairfax (1970), and Antony and Cleopatra (1972). Other appearances include Jason and the Argonauts, the Pink Panther films, A Shot in the Dark (1964) and Revenge of the Pink Panther (1978), The Vampire Lovers (1970), The Golden Voyage of Sinbad (1974), and Octopussy (1983).
  
  wn.com/Douglas_Wilmer
• 
  El Cid
  Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar (1043 – July 10, 1099), known as El Cid Campeador (Spanish pronunciation: [el ˈθið kampeaˈðor], "The lord-master of military arts"), was a Castilian nobleman, military leader, and diplomat. Exiled from the court of the Spanish Emperor Alfonso VI of León and Castile, El Cid went on to command a Moorish force consisting of Muladis, Berbers, Arabs and Malians, under Yusuf al-Mu'taman ibn Hud, Moorish king of the northeast Al-Andalus city of Zaragoza, and his successor, Al-Mustein II.
  After the Christian defeat at the Battle of Sagrajas in 1086, El Cid was recalled to service by Alfonso VI, and commanded a combined Christian and Moorish army, which he used to create his own fiefdom in the Moorish Mediterranean coastal city of Valencia.
  Rodrigo Díaz was educated in the royal court of Castile and became the alférez, the chief general, of Alfonso VI, and his most valuable asset in the fight against the Moors.
  The name El Cid (Spanish: [el ˈθid]) comes from the article el (which means "the" in both Spanish and Arabic), and the dialectal Arabic word سيد sîdi or sayyid, which means "Lord" or "The Master". The title Campeador means "champion" or "challenger" in Spanish. Because of his exceeding prowess in arms, he was the natural challenger in single combats. In Spanish warfare, it was common for leaders of armies to pit two Champions against each other (similar to the story of David and Goliath) to determine the outcome of the conflict. This way neither side would lose a great number of men. The Cid was the champion of King Alfonso VI of Castile. He had gained the title of "Campeador" when he won victory on behalf of Alfonso against the forces of Granada.
  
  wn.com/El_Cid
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  Frank Thring
  Frank William Thring (11 May 1926 – 29 December 1994) was an Australian character actor.
  Thring was born in Melbourne, the son of F. W. Thring and Olive (née Kreitmeyer), and educated at the Melbourne Grammar School. His father was the head of Efftee Studios, in Melbourne, in the 1920s and 30s, and is said to be the inventor of the clapperboard. Thring, Sr., was also a noted film producer (The Sentimental Bloke), and partner in the nationwide Australian theatre circuit Hoyts. Thring, Sr., died in July 1936, at the age of 52, when Frank Jnr was 10 yers old. Frank said his earliest memory is of his mother standing on a stepladder in the foyer of the Regent Theatre in Melbourne, and arranging gladioli in the vases attached to the pillars.
  His career spanned more than 35 years, much of it spent alternating between stage, film and television. Perhaps his most famous role was that of Pontius Pilate in Ben-Hur (1959).
  Thring trained as an actor at Melbourne radio station 3XY and began acting in professional stage roles after his discharge from the Royal Australian Air Force in 1945. He made his British theatrical debut performing as Herod in Oscar Wilde's play Salome in 1954. Two years later, he played Sir Lancelot Spratt in Doctor in the House, which ran for 240 performances at the Victoria Palace in London.
  
  wn.com/Frank_Thring
• García Ordóñez
  García Ordóñez (died 29 May 1108), called de Nájera or de Cabra and in the epic literature Crispus or el Crespo de Grañón, was a Castilian magnate who ruled the Rioja from Nájera from 1080 until his death. He is famous in literature as the rival of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, the Cid, whose high position at court he took over after the Cid's exile in 1080. He was one of the most important military leaders and territorial governors under Alfonso VI, and was entrusted with military tutorship of the king's heir, Sancho Alfónsez, with whom he died on the field of battle at Uclés.
  García was the son of a count Ordoño Ordóñez whose identity is disputed. An Ordoño Ordóñez, grandson of kings Ramiro III and Bermudo II of León, has been suggested as being this count, but his geographical base was in León, whereas García's was in Castile. Further, there is debate as to whether this Leonese Ordoño Ordóñez even existed. More recently it has been suggested that the Castilian count Ordoño Ordóñez, García's father, was son of count Ordoño Fafílaz of the Banu Gómez clan. This Ordoño Ordóñez can be show from surviving documents to have served as alférez to Ferdinand I of León and Castile between 19 April 1042 and 1 July 1047. García's mother was named Enderquina, but her origins are unknown. He was also related, somehow, to Álvaro Díaz de Oca.
  
  wn.com/García_Ordóñez
• Gary Raymond
  Gary Raymond (born 20 April 1935 in Brixton, London, England, UK) is an English actor.
  He made his film debut as Cliff Lewis in Tony Richardson's film adaptation of John Osborne's Look Back in Anger (1958), opposite Richard Burton and Claire Bloom. Subsequent films included: The Moonraker (1958), Suddenly, Last Summer (1959), El Cid (1961), The Playboy of the Western World (1962), Jason and the Argonauts (1963), and The Greatest Story Ever Told (1965), as the apostle Simon bar Jonah who becomes Peter the Rock.
  He is also well-known for his role in the popular late-1960s American television show, The Rat Patrol (1966-68). He has continued acting on film and TV, and has been married since 1961 to actress Delena Kidd, with whom he has three children, the youngest being actress Emily Raymond, wife of the British actor Ben Miles.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Gary_Raymond
• Geneviève Page
  Geneviève Page (born Geneviève Bonjean, December 13, 1927, in Paris) is a leading French actress with a film career spanning fifty years. She is the daughter of Jacques Paul Bonjean (1899–1990), a well known French art-collector.
  Her film début was in Pas de pitié pour les femmes (1951) followed by Fanfan la Tulipe (1952) in which she played Madame de Pompadour, alongside Gérard Philipe and Gina Lollobrigida. Since then, she has appeared in French, Italian, British and American films. She co-starred with Robert Mitchum and Ingrid Thulin in Foreign Intrigue (1956), Dirk Bogarde and Capucine in Song Without End (1960), Charlton Heston and Sophia Loren in El Cid (1961), and was seen in Grand Prix (1966) with James Garner and Belle de Jour (1967) with Catherine Deneuve. In 1968, she appeared with Deneuve again when she played Countess Larisch in Mayerling. In 1970, Billy Wilder cast her as the mysterious villain in his The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes. She appeared in Robert Altman's Beyond Therapy (1987) and continued to act until 2003.
  
  wn.com/Geneviève_Page
• Herbert Lom
  Herbert Lom (Czech pronunciation: [ɦɛrbɛrd lom]; born 11 September 1917) is a Czech-born actor who has been based in the U.K. since 1939. In a career lasting more than sixty years, he was used in character roles, often villains early in his career, but later portrayed professional men. He is best known for his role as (former) Chief Inspector Charles Dreyfus in the Pink Panther movie series.
  Lom was born Herbert Charles Angelo Kuchacevich von Schluderpacheru in Prague to upper-class parents Olga (née Gottlieb) and Charles. His father was a count whose title dated from 1601. Lom's film debut was in the Czech film Žena pod křížem. His early film appearances were mainly supporting roles, with the occasional top billing.
  Lom moved to England in January 1939. He made numerous appearances in British films throughout the 1940s, usually in villainous roles, although he later appeared in comedies as well. He managed to escape being typecast as a European heavy by securing a diverse range of castings, including as Napoleon Bonaparte in The Young Mr. Pitt (1942), and again in the 1956 version of War and Peace. He secured a seven-picture Hollywood contract after World War II but was unable to obtain an American visa for 'political reasons'. In a rare starring role, Lom played twin trapeze artists in Dual Alibi (1946). In 1952, he starred as the King of Siam in the original London production of The King and I and can be heard on the cast recording. Later in the decade he appeared opposite Alec Guinness and Peter Sellers in The Ladykillers (1955), and with Robert Mitchum, Jack Lemmon and Rita Hayworth in Fire Down Below (1957).
  
  wn.com/Herbert_Lom
• 
  Hurd Hatfield
  William Rukard Hurd Hatfield (December 7, 1917 – December 26, 1998) was an American actor.
  The son of William Henry Hatfield (died 1954), an attorney who served as deputy attorney general for New York, and his wife, the former Adele Steele, Hatfield was born in New York City, and was educated at Columbia University before travelling to London, England where he studied drama and began acting in theater. He returned to America for his film debut in Dragon Seed (1944).
  Though Hatfield's first film was Dragon Seed (1944), in which he and his co-stars (Katharine Hepburn, Akim Tamiroff, Aline MacMahon, Turhan Bey) portrayed Chinese peasants, it was his second film, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1945), that made him a star. As Oscar Wilde's ageless anti-hero, Hatfield received widespread acclaim for his good looks as much as for his acting ability. However, the actor was ambivalent about the role and his performance. "The film didn't make me popular in Hollywood," he commented later. "It was too odd, too avant- garde, too ahead of its time. The decadence, the hints of bisexuality and so on, made me a leper! Nobody knew I had a sense of humour, and people wouldn't even have lunch with me."[1]
  
  wn.com/Hurd_Hatfield
• Jimena Díaz
  Doña Ximena Díaz (also spelled Jimena) (c.1054–c.1115) was the wife of El Cid from 1074 and her husband's successor as ruler of Valencia from 1099 to 1102. She had four children with El Cid, and one of them died with their father on the battlefield.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Jimena_Díaz
• 
  Martin Scorsese
  Martin Charles Scorsese ( /skɔrˈsɛsɛ/; born November 17, 1942) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, actor, and film historian. In 1990 he founded The Film Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to film preservation, and in 2007 he founded the World Cinema Foundation. He is a recipient of the AFI Life Achievement Award for his contributions to the cinema, and has won Academy Award, Palme d'Or, Emmys, Golden Globes, BAFTAs, and DGA Awards.
  Scorsese's body of work addresses such themes as Italian American identity, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and redemption,machismo, modern crime, and violence. Scorsese is hailed as one of the most significant and influential filmmakers of all time, directing landmark films such as Mean Streets (1973), Taxi Driver (1976), Raging Bull (1980), and Goodfellas (1990) – all of which he collaborated on with actor and close friend Robert De Niro. He won the Academy Award for Best Director for The Departed (2006), having been nominated a previous five times.
  
  wn.com/Martin_Scorsese
• Massimo Serato
  Massimo Serato, born Giuseppe Segato, (31 May 1916-22 December 1989) was an Italian film actor with a career spanning over 40 years.
  Serato was born in Oderzo, Veneto, Italy and started appearing in films in 1938. He played leading roles in several historical dramas and sword and sandal epics, mainly Italian, as well as roles in major international films. His notable appearances include Piccolo mondo antico (1941),The Naked Maja (1958), David and Goliath (1960), The Loves of Hercules (1960), El Cid (1961), 55 Days at Peking (1963) Camille 2000 (1969) and Don't Look Now (1973).
  He had an affair with the actress Anna Magnani who bore him a son, Cellino, whom she affectionately called Luca. Luca contracted polio at an early age; - " In time he was able to walk with steel braces but [he] spent much of his time in a wheelchair."
  He died in Rome.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Massimo_Serato
• 
  Michael Hordern
  Sir Michael Murray Hordern (3 October 1911 – 2 May 1995) was an English actor. He was knighted in 1983 for his services to the theatre, which began before the Second World War.
  Hordern was born in The Poplars, an 18th century townhouse in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, the son of Margaret Emily (Murray) and Capt. Edward Joseph Calverly Hordern. He was educated at Brighton College, as was his brother Peter. He acted at school and then as an amateur with the St Pancras People's Theatre. He worked as a school teacher and travelling salesman before entering the profession. In 1937, he made his professional stage debut at the People's Palace, East London, playing a minor role in Othello and, later in the year, joined the repertory company of the Little Theatre in Bristol. There he met the actress Grace Eveline Mortimer; they married in 1943 and remained together until her death in 1986. They had one daughter, Joanna.
  During World War II Horden served on HMS Illustrious (R87), in Operation Ironclad in 1942 and later as a Lt.-Commander in the office of the first Sea Lord. After the war he has a brief appearance in the 1960 film Sink the Bismarck! as Admiral Tovey, Commander-in-Chief, HMS King George V (41).
  
  wn.com/Michael_Hordern
• Miklós Rózsa
  Miklós Rózsa (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈmikloːʃ ˈroːʒɒ]) (18 April 1907 – 27 July 1995) was a Hungarian-born composer trained in Germany (1925 – 1931), and active in France (1931 – 1935), England (1935 – 1940), and the United States (1940 – 1995), with extensive sojourns in Italy from 1953. Famous for his nearly one hundred film scores, he nevertheless maintained a steadfast allegiance to absolute concert music throughout what he called his "double life."
  Rózsa achieved early success in Europe with his orchestral Theme, Variations, and Finale (Op. 13) of 1933 and became prominent in the film industry from such early scores as The Four Feathers (1939) and The Thief of Bagdad (1940). The latter project brought him to America when production was transferred from wartime Britain, and Rózsa remained in the United States, becoming an American citizen in 1946. His notable Hollywood career earned him considerable fame, including Academy Awards for Spellbound (1945), A Double Life (1947), and Ben-Hur (1959), while his concert works were championed by such major artists as Jascha Heifetz, Gregor Piatigorsky, and János Starker.
  
  wn.com/Miklós_Rózsa
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  Moors
  The description Moors has referred to several historic and modern populations of Berber, Black African and Arab descent from Northern Africa, who came to conquer, occupy and rule the Iberian Peninsula for nearly 800 years.^{[citation needed]} At that time they were Muslim, although earlier the people had followed other religions. They called the territory Al Andalus, comprising most of what is now Spain and Portugal.
  " Moors" are not a distinct or self-defined people. Medieval and early modern Europeans applied the name primarily to Berbers, but also at various times to Arabs, Muslim Iberians and West Africans from Mali and Niger who had been absorbed into the Almoravid dynasty. Mainstream scholars observed in 1911 that "The term 'Moors' has no real ethnological value."
  The Andalusian Moors of the late Medieval era inhabited the Iberian Peninsula after the Moorish conquests of the Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates, and the final Umayyad conquest of Hispania.^{[citation needed]} The Moors' rule stretched at times as far as modern-day Mauritania, West African countries, and the Senegal River. Earlier, the Classical Romans interacted with (and later conquered) parts of Mauretania, a state that covered northern portions of modern Morocco and much of north western and central Algeria during the classical period. The people of the region were noted in Classical literature as the Mauri.
  
  wn.com/Moors
• Philip Yordan
  Philip Yordan (April 1, 1914 - March 24, 2003) was an American screenwriter of the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s who also produced several films. He was also known as a highly regarded script doctor. Born to Polish immigrants, he earned a bachelor's degree at the University of Illinois and a law degree at Chicago-Kent College of Law.
  Some of his films include The Chase (1946), Whistle Stop (1946), House of Strangers (1949), Houdini (1953), Broken Lance (1954), Johnny Guitar (1954), The Big Combo (1955), The Harder They Fall (1956), The Bravados (1958) and God's Little Acre (1958, official credit, but actually written by Ben Maddow). He worked several times in collaboration with independent producer Samuel Bronston and contributed to the screenplays of such films as King of Kings (1961), El Cid (1961), 55 Days at Peking (1963), The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964) and Circus World (1964).
  
  wn.com/Philip_Yordan
• 
  Raf Vallone
  Raffaele "Raf" Vallone (17 February 1916 – 31 October 2002) was an Italian footballer, actor and an international film star.
  Born in Tropea, Calabria, the son of a lawyer, Vallone attended Liceo classico Cavour in Turin, and studied Law and Philosophy at the University of Turin and entered his father's law firm. He played professional Football at a young age, playing in Serie A for Torino. He won the Coppa Italia with his team in season 1935-1936. Subsequently, he became the editorial head of the culture section of L'Unità, then the official newspaper of the Italian Communist Party, and also a film and drama critic for the Turin newspaper La Stampa. During World War II, Vallone served with the Communist resistance.
  His first film appearance was as a sailor in We the Living (1942), but Vallone was not interested in an acting career. Nevertheless, he was cast as a soldier competing with Vittorio Gassman for the love of Silvana Mangano in Riso amaro (Bitter Rice) (1949). The film became a neo-realist classic and Vallone was launched on an international career. In 2001 he published his autobiography, L'alfabeto della memoria, with Gremese (Rome).
  
  wn.com/Raf_Vallone
• Ralph Truman
  Ralph Truman (7 May 1900 – 15 October 1977) was an English actor, usually cast as either a villain or an authority figure. He possessed a distinguished speaking voice. He was born in London, England.
  His best-remembered roles include Tigellinus in MGM's Quo Vadis (1951), the French herald Mountjoy in Laurence Olivier's film Henry V (1944), the evil Monks in David Lean's Oliver Twist (1948), George Merry in the Walt Disney version of Treasure Island (1950), and the Police Inspector in Alfred Hitchcock's The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956). He also appeared in episodes of several TV series, including Danger Man.
  
  wn.com/Ralph_Truman
• 
  Ramón Menéndez Pidal
  Ramón Menéndez Pidal (13 March 1869 - 14 November 1968) was a Spanish philologist and historian. He worked extensively on the history of the Spanish language and Spanish folklore and folk poetry. One of his main topics was the history and legend of The Cid.
  He was born in A Coruña (Galicia), Spain. His father, Juan Menéndez Fernández, was a lawyer and a magistrate, originally from Asturias. His mother was Ramona Pidal, also an Asturian. His older brother, Juan Menéndez Pidal, whom he outlived by more than fifty years, was also a literary scholar of folk poetry, expert in the poesía popular of Asturias. Another older brother, Luis Menéndez Pidal was a notable realist painter.
  He studied at the University of Madrid (Universidad de Madrid). In 1899 he obtained the chair in Romance studies in the same university, an appointment that he held until his retirement in 1939. In 1900 he married Maria Goyri, who in 1896 became the first Spanish woman to receive a degree in Philosophy and later, in 1909, became the first woman to attain a non-medical doctorate at a Spanish university. They spent their honeymoon retracing the geographic locales of the Poem of the Cid (Cantar de Mio Cid).
  
  wn.com/Ramón_Menéndez_Pidal
• Robert Krasker
  Robert Krasker, A.S.C. (21 August 1913 - 16 August 1981) was a cinematographer, who worked on more than fifty films in his career.
  He was born in Perth, Australia and travelled to England in 1932 via photographic studios in Paris and Dresden. He moved to England just before the outbreak of WWII and found work at Korda's London Films, where he became a senior camera operator.
  Krasker's work was strongly influenced by film noir and German Expressionism. His most notable films included Uncle Silas (1947), directed by Charles Frank and The Third Man (1949), for which he won an Oscar, and Odd Man Out (1947), both for director Carol Reed, as well as Brief Encounter for David Lean and Another Man's Poison for Irving Rapper. Despite Krasker's brilliant and atmospheric work on Brief Encounter, Lean sacked him from his next film, Great Expectations, because he and Ronald Neame were unhappy with his handling of the marsh scenes. His later films included the epics Alexander the Great, El Cid and The Fall of the Roman Empire.
  
  wn.com/Robert_Krasker
• Samuel Bronston
  Samuel Bronston (Samuel Bronshtein, March 26, 1908, Bessarabia – January 12, 1994, Sacramento, California) was a Bessarabian-born American film producer, film director, and a nephew of socialist revolutionary figure, Leon Trotsky. He was also the petitioner in a U.S. Supreme Court case that set a major precedent for perjury prosecutions when it overturned his conviction.
  Bronston was born in Kishinev, Bessarabia, Russian Empire (present day Moldova) and educated at the Sorbonne. He worked for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's French unit in Paris before setting up as an independent film producer by the 1940s. His first film for his new production company, Samuel Bronston Productions, was Jack London, (1943) followed by a series of epic films: John Paul Jones (1959), King of Kings (1961), El Cid (1961), 55 Days at Peking (1963) and The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964).
  He was a pioneer in the practice of locating epic-scale productions in Spain to reduce the massive costs involved. The success of his films inspired him to help build gigantic studios in Las Rozas near Madrid.
  
  wn.com/Samuel_Bronston
• 
  Sophia Loren
  Sophia Loren, OMRI (born Sofia Villani Scicolone; 20 September 1934) is an Italian actress.
  In 1962, Loren, among 21 other awards, won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in Two Women, becoming the first actress to win an Academy Award for a non-English-speaking performance. Loren has won several international awards, including one Golden Globe Award, a Grammy Award, a BAFTA Award and a Laurel Award. Her other films include: Houseboat (1958), El Cid (1961), Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (1963), Marriage Italian-Style (1964), and A Special Day (1977). She has received critical and commercial success in TV movies such as Courage (1986) and in American blockbusters such as Grumpier Old Men (1995), and Nine (2009). In 1994 she starred in Robert Altman's Ready to Wear, which earned her a Golden Globe nomination the same year. In 1995 she received the Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievements. In 2011 she dubbed one of the characters of Pixar blockbuster Cars 2 for non-English speaking markets.
  
  wn.com/Sophia_Loren
• Tullio Carminati
  Tullio Carminati (1894-1971) was an Italian actor most famous for roles in The Cardinal, One Night of Love, and El Cid. He also appeared in the movie, Roman Holiday.
  At the age of 14, he toured America with his own company. Made his film debut in Italy. Was discovered by Joseph Schenck and taken to America in 1925. He has also appeared on the British screen. Some films: Paris Love Song, Let's Live Tonight, London Melody and Sunset in Vienna.
  
  
  
  wn.com/Tullio_Carminati
• 
  Urraca of Zamora
  Urraca (1033/4 – 1101) was a Leónese infanta, one of the five children of Ferdinand I the Great, who received the city of Zamora as her inheritance and exercised palatine authority in it. Her story was romanticized in the cantar de gesta called the Cantar de Mio Cid, and Robert Southey's Chronicle of the Cid.
  Before his death in 1065, Ferdinand divided his widespread conquests in central Spain between his five children, charging them to live at peace with one another. Ferdinand's oldest son Sancho II of Castile (the Strong); received Castile and the tribute from Zaragoza; Alfonso VI (the Brave) received León and the tribute from Toledo; and García received Galicia. His daughters, Elvira and Urraca, received Toro and Zamora respectively.
  Sancho however resolved to rule over his father's entire kingdom and made war on his siblings. By 1072, Sancho had overthrown his youngest brother Garcia, and forced his other brother Alfonso to flee to his Moorish vassal city of Toledo. Toro, the city of Sancho's sister Elvira, fell easily. But in a siege of Urraca's better-defended city of Zamora, King Sancho was stalled, and was then mysteriously assassinated on 7 October 1072. It was widely suspected that the assassination was a result of a pact between Alfonso and Urraca. The Chronicle of the Cid, purportedly written by one of the Cid's followers, states that the assassin was a nobleman of Zamora, who then received sanctuary in the city. The chronicle is careful not to place any direct blame on Alfonso or Urraca, just as it takes pains to stress that the participation of the Cid at the siege of Zamora was involuntary and supposedly forced on him by King Sancho.
  
  wn.com/Urraca_of_Zamora
• Veniero Colasanti
  Veniero Colasanti (21 July 1910 – 3 June 1996) was an Italian costume designer, set decorator and art director. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Art Direction for the film El Cid.
  During the 1960s and 1970s he also worked for the Salzburg Festivals where he designed the settings for Il rappresentazione die anima e di corpo, Der Rosenkavalier and Jedermann in cooperation with John Moore.
  
  wn.com/Veniero_Colasanti
• Verna Fields
  Verna Fields (née Hellman, 21 March 1918 – 30 November 1982) was an American film editor, film and television sound editor, educator, and entertainment industry executive. In the first phase of her career, from 1954 through to about 1970, Fields mostly worked on smaller projects that gained little recognition. She was the sound editor for several television shows in the 1950s. She worked on independent films (including The Savage Eye (1959)), on the government-supported documentaries of the 1960s, and on some minor studio films such as Peter Bogdanovich's first film, Targets (1968). For several years in the late 1960s, she was a film instructor at the University of Southern California. Her one major studio film, El Cid, led to her only industry recognition in this phase of her career, which was the 1962 Golden Reel award for sound editing.
  Fields came into prominence as a film editor and industry executive during the 'New Hollywood' era (1968–1982). She had established close ties with the directors Peter Bogdanovich, George Lucas, and Steven Spielberg early in their careers, and became known as their "mother cutter"; the term "cutter" is an informal variation of "film editor". The critical and commercial success of the films What's up, Doc? (1972), American Graffiti (1973), and Jaws (1975) brought Fields a level of recognition that appears to be unique among film editors. Jaws in particular was enormously and unexpectedly profitable, and ushered in the era of the "summer blockbuster" film. Fields' contributions to this success were widely acknowledged. She received an Academy Award and an American Cinema Editors Award for best editing for the film. Within a year of the film's release, she had been appointed as Vice-President for Feature Production at Universal Studios. She was thus among the first women to enter upper-level management in the entertainment industry. Her career as an executive at Universal continued until her death in 1982 at age 64.
  
  wn.com/Verna_Fields
• Yusuf ibn Tashfin
  Yusef ibn Tashfin also, Tashafin, or Teshufin; or Yusuf; (Full name: Yûsuf bnu Tâšfîn Nâçereddîn bnu Tâlâkâkîn as-Sanhâjî, Arabic: يوسف بن تاشفين ناصر الدين بن تالاكاكين الصنهاجي ‎; reigned c. 1061 - 1106) was a king of the Almoravid empire, he founded the city of Marrakech and led the Muslim forces in the Battle of Zallaqa.
  Yusuf ibn Tashfin emerged from a line of Berber military leaders. Abu Bakr ibn Umar, a natural leader of Lamtuna extraction, a branch of the Branès, one of the original disciples of ibn Yasin who served as a spiritual liaison for followers of the Maliki school of thought, was appointed general after the death of his brother Yahya ibn Ibrahim. His brother oversaw the military for ibn Yasin but was killed in a Saharan revolt in 1056. Ibn Yasin, too, would die in battle against the Barghawata three years later. Abu-Bakr was an able general, taking the fertile Sūs and its capital Aghmāt a year after his brother's death. And would go on to suppress numerous revolts in the Sahara himself, on one such occasion entrusting his pious cousin Yusuf with the stewardship of Sūs and thus the whole of his northern provinces. He appears to have handed him this authority in the interim but even went as far as to give Yusuf his wife, Zaynab an-Nafzawiyyat, purportedly the richest woman of Aghmāt. This sort of trust and favor on part of a seasoned veteran and savvy politician reflected the general esteem in which Yusuf was held, not to mention the power he attained as a military figure in his absence. Daunted by Yusuf's newfound power, Abu Bakr saw any attempts at recapturing his post politically unfeasible and returned to the fringes of the Sahara to settle the unrest of the southern frontier.
  
  wn.com/Yusuf_ibn_Tashfin

El Cid (1961)

Genres

• Adventure
• Biography
• Drama
• History
• Romance
• War

Taglines:

The GREATEST ROMANCE and ADVENTURE in a THOUSAND YEARS!

Quotes:

El Cid: People of Valencia! I bring you bread!

Jimena: Why did you come?::El Cid: I tried not to come. I tried, I told my love it had no right to live. But my love won't die...::Jimena: Kill it.::El Cid: You kill it! Tell me you don't love me.::Jimena: [long pause] I cannot. Not yet. But I will make myself worthy of you Rodrigo, I will learn to hate you.

Moutamin: [after El Cid claims Valencia for the King] What a noble subject, if only he had a noble King.

El Cid: [to the king, who refused Muslim aid] You risk having no Spain at all!

El Cid: [looking at their Christian and Muslim troops camped together] How can anyone say this is wrong?::Moutamin: But they will. On both sides.

El Cid: Our dream was short.::Jimena: I know. There is no place hidden for a man like you. There must be thousands who would gladly part. Why you? Why me?::El Cid: Please, let me carry away an image of you smiling.::Jimena: It would be a lie. I will beseech God with my prayers. I will tell Him He must bring you back to me. I must tell God how much I need you.::El Cid: Then we *will* see each other again.

Jimena: Can you forgive me, Rodrigo?::El Cid: Jimena.::Jimena: Would you take me with you?::El Cid: But... now I... have nowhere to take you.::Jimena: As long as we are together it will not be nowhere. I love you Rodrigo. I love you. [They kiss]::El Cid: You know what you risk if you come with me, my love?::Jimena: Since my love is not a man like other men my life with not be like other lives.::El Cid: It's only now, only know that I know... how hard the road would have been without you. [They kiss again]

Prince Sancho: [after Count Ordóñez betrays Prince Sancho in and ambush to kill El Cid] Kill him!::El Cid: You will soon be a King, you must start to think like one, any man can kill, only a King can give life!

Ben Yussuf: The Prophet has commanded us to rule the world. Where in all your land of Spain is the glory of Allah? When men speak of you they speak of poets, musicmakers, doctors, scientists. Where are your warriors? You dare to call youselves sons of the Prophet? You have become women! Burn your books! Make warriors of your poets! Let you doctors invent new poisons for our arrows. Let you scientists invent new war machines! And then, kill! Burn! Infidels live on your frontiers. Encourage them to kill each other. And when they are weak and torn, I will sweep up from Africa, and the empire of the One God, the true God, Allah, will spread, first across Spain, then across Europe, then the whole world!

Moutamin: In my country, we have a name for a warrior with the vision to be just and the courage to show mercy. We call him... the cid!

• The Start in Murcia
• See Al Hambra (Granada)
• The Night in Malaga
• The Sound of Water (Marbella)
• Another World (Algeciras)
• So Close to Africa (Tarifa)
• The Day in Cadiz
• Al Cazar (Sevilla)
• Mezquita's Prayers (Cordoba)

• timeline:
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• timeline:
• 2012
• 2011
• 2010
• 2009
• 2008
• 2007
• 2006
• 2005
• 2004
• 2003
• 2002
• 2001