Jimi Hendrix

Sunday, 11 November 2012

All Along the Watchtower - The Jimi Hendrix Experience

Voodoo Child (slight returns) Jimi Hendrix live

Jimi Hendrix - All Along The Watchtower (Studio Version)

Jimi Hendrix: The Uncut Story - Episode: 1 1942-1961

Jimi Hendrix - All Along The Watchtower live

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Aarhus
http://wn.com/Aarhus
Berkeley, California
Berkeley ( ) is a city on the east shore of the San Francisco Bay in Northern California, United States. Its neighbors to the south are the cities of Oakland and Emeryville. To the north is the city of Albany and the unincorporated community of Kensington. The eastern city limits coincide with the county line (bordering Contra Costa County), which generally follows the ridge line of the Berkeley Hills. Berkeley is located in northern Alameda County.
http://wn.com/Berkeley_California
British Columbia
British Columbia (B.C.) (, C.-B.) is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu ("Splendour without Diminishment"). Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858. In 1871, it became the sixth province of Canada.
http://wn.com/British_Columbia
Brook Street
Brook Street is one of the principal streets on the Grosvenor Estate in the exclusive central London district of Mayfair. It was developed in the first half of the 18th century and runs from Hanover Square to Grosvenor Square. The continuation from Grosvenor Square to Park Lane is called Upper Brook Street. Both sections originally consisted of typical London terraced houses, mostly built to individual designs. Some of them are quite grand and were designed by well known architects for aristocratic clients, especially near Grosvenor Square, while others are more modest. Some of the original houses survive while others have been replaced by buildings from a variety of periods.
http://wn.com/Brook_Street
Cafe Wha?
Cafe Wha? is a club in Greenwich Village in Manhattan, New York City that has been home to various musicians and comedians. Bob Dylan, Jimi Hendrix, Bruce Springsteen, The Velvet Underground, Cat Mother & the All Night Newsboys, Kool and the Gang, Peter, Paul & Mary, Woody Allen, Lenny Bruce, Joan Rivers, Bill Cosby, Richard Pryor, and many others all began their careers at the Wha?, according to the official Cafe Wha? web page. However, as New York magazine reports, "While Cafe Wha? claims to be the birthplace of legends like Jimi Hendrix and Bob Dylan, the truth is that they actually got their starts at the original location next door. . . .Manny Roth, owner of the original Cafe Wha? and uncle to David Lee Roth, sold the bar in 1988. The original Cafe Wha? is now a comedy club [Comedy Cellar]."New York Nightlife Profile: Cafe Wha?[http://nymag.com/listings/bar/cafe_wha/]
http://wn.com/Cafe_Wha?
Denver
The City and County of Denver (pronounced ) is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Colorado. Denver is a consolidated city-county, located in the South Platte River Valley on the High Plains, just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown district is located immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. Denver is nicknamed the "Mile-High City" because its elevation is one mile, or above sea level. The 105th meridian west of Greenwich passes through Union Station and is the temporal reference for the Mountain Time Zone.
http://wn.com/Denver
Fiji
Fiji (; ), officially the Republic of the Fiji Islands (; ), is an island nation in Melanesia in the South Pacific Ocean about 2000 km northeast of New Zealand's North Island. Its more immediate neighbours are Vanuatu to the west, France's New Caledonia to the southwest, New Zealand's Kermadec to the southeast, Tonga to the east, the Samoas and France's Wallis and Futuna to the northeast and Tuvalu to the north. Fiji has had inhabitants since the second millennium B.C. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the Dutch and the British explored Fiji.Fiji was a British colony up until 1970; British occupation lasted almost a century. Because of the abundance of forest, mineral, and fish resources, Fiji is one of the most developed economies in the Pacific island realm. Today, the main sources of foreign exchange are its tourist industry and sugar exports. The country's currency is the Fijian dollar.
http://wn.com/Fiji
Fillmore East
http://wn.com/Fillmore_East
Fort Sill
Fort Sill is a United States Army post near Lawton, Oklahoma, about 85 miles southwest of Oklahoma City.
http://wn.com/Fort_Sill
Granny Takes a Trip
Granny Takes a Trip was a boutique opened in February 1966 at 488 Kings Road, Chelsea, London, by Nigel Waymouth, his girlfriend Sheila Cohen and John Pearse . The shop, which was acquired by Freddie Hornik in 1969, remained open until the mid-70s and has been called the "first psychedelic boutique in the 'Swinging London' in the 1960s."
http://wn.com/Granny_Takes_a_Trip
Handel House Museum
The Handel House Museum is a museum in Mayfair, London dedicated to the life and works of the German born baroque composer George Frideric Handel, who made his home in London in 1712 and eventually became a British citizen in 1727. Handel was the first occupant of 25 Brook Street, which he rented from 1723 until his death there in 1759. Almost all his works after 1723, amongst them many of his best-known operas, oratorios and ceremonial music, were composed and partially rehearsed in the house, which contained a variety of keyboard instruments, including harpsichords, a clavichord and a small chamber organ.
http://wn.com/Handel_House_Museum
Harlem
Harlem is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan, which since the 1920s has been a major African-American residential, cultural, and business center. Originally a Dutch village, formally organized in 1658, it is named after the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands. Harlem was annexed to New York City in 1873.
http://wn.com/Harlem
Hawaii
: For geographic details see Geography and environment or Hawaiian Islands.
http://wn.com/Hawaii
Honolulu
Honolulu () is the capital of and the most populous census-designated place (CDP) in the U.S. state of Hawaii. Although Honolulu refers to the urban area on the southeastern shore of the island of Oahu, the city and the county are consolidated, known as the City and County of Honolulu, and the city and county is designated as the entire island. The City and County of Honolulu is the only incorporated city in Hawaii, as all other local government entities are administered at the county level. The population of the CDP was 371,657 at the 2000 census, while the population of the City and County was 909,863, making it the 57th-largest metropolitan area in the United States. Honolulu is also the most populous state capital relative to state population. In the Hawaiian language, Honolulu means "sheltered bay" or "place of shelter".
http://wn.com/Honolulu
Hotel Theresa
The Hotel Theresa was a vibrant center of black life in Harlem, New York City, in the mid-20th century. The hotel sits at the intersection of Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Boulevard and Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard (formerly known as 7th Avenue and 125th Street). The hotel was built by German-born stockbroker Gustavus Sidenberg (1843-1915), and designed by the firm of Buchman and Fox in a neo-renaissance style. It opened in 1913 and was from then, until the construction of the Adam Clayton Powell Jr. State Office Building across the street in 1973, the tallest building in Harlem. It has a striking white brick facade and was known as the "Waldorf Astoria of Harlem." From the time it opened until 1940, the hotel accepted only white guests plus a few black celebrities. This changed when the hotel passed to new management.
http://wn.com/Hotel_Theresa
Isle of Wight
http://wn.com/Isle_of_Wight
Kensington
Kensington is a district of west London, England within the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. An affluent and densely-populated area, its commercial heart is Kensington High Street and it contains the well-known museum district of South Kensington.
http://wn.com/Kensington
Kentucky
The Commonwealth of Kentucky () is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth (the others being Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts). Originally a part of Virginia, in 1792 it became the 15th state to join the Union. Kentucky is the 37th largest state in terms of total area, the 36th largest in land area, and ranks 26th in population.
http://wn.com/Kentucky
Maui
http://wn.com/Maui
Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis is a city in the southwest corner of the U.S. state of Tennessee, and the county seat of Shelby County. The city is located on the 4th Chickasaw Bluff, south of the confluence of the Wolf and Mississippi rivers.
http://wn.com/Memphis_Tennessee
Morocco
http://wn.com/Morocco
Nashville, Tennessee
Nashville is the capital of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in Davidson County, in the north-central part of the state. The city is a center for the health care, music, publishing, banking and transportation industries, and is home to a large number of colleges and universities.
http://wn.com/Nashville_Tennessee
Notting Hill
Notting Hill is an area in west London, England, close to the north-western corner of Kensington Gardens, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. It is a cosmopolitan district known as the location for the annual Notting Hill Carnival, the setting for the 1999 film Notting Hill starring Julia Roberts and Hugh Grant, and for being home to the Portobello Road Market.
http://wn.com/Notting_Hill
Renton, Washington
Renton is a city in King County, Washington, United States. Situated 13 miles (21 km) southeast of Seattle, Washington, Renton straddles the southeast shore of Lake Washington. Founded in the 1860s, Renton became a supply town for the Newcastle coal fields. The city is now a center of manufacturing and technology companies, such as Boeing, Paccar, and several dot-commers. The State of Washington Office of Financial Management estimates the City of Renton's population to be 86,230 as of April 2010. According to the data from the Office of Financial Management, Renton currently contains the 11th largest population in the state, and 5th largest in King County.
http://wn.com/Renton_Washington
Samarkand
Samarkand (; ; ; ; from Sogdian: "Stone Fort" or "Rock Town") is the second-largest city in Uzbekistan and the capital of Samarqand Province. The city is most noted for its central position on the Silk Road between China and the West, and for being an Islamic centre for scholarly study. In the 14th century, it became the capital of the empire of Timur (Tamerlane), and is the site of his mausoleum (the Gur-e Amir). The Bibi-Khanym Mosque remains one of the city's most notable landmarks. The Registan was the ancient centre of the city.
http://wn.com/Samarkand
Seattle
http://wn.com/Seattle
Sky News
Sky News is a 24-hour based domestic and international satellite television news broadcaster with an emphasis on UK and international news stories.
http://wn.com/Sky_News
Soho
Soho is an area of the City of Westminster and part of the West End of London, the capital of the UK. Long established as an entertainment district, for much of the 20th century Soho had a reputation for sex shops as well as night life and film industry. Since the early 1980s, the area has undergone considerable transformation. It now is predominantly a fashionable district of upmarket restaurants and media offices, with only a small remnant of "sex industry" venues in the west.
http://wn.com/Soho
Stockholm
http://wn.com/Stockholm
The Bag O'Nails
'''The Bag O'Nails''' club at 8 Kingly Street in Soho, London, was a meeting point for musicians in the 1960s, as well as being a venue for concerts.
http://wn.com/The_Bag_O'Nails
The Fillmore
The Fillmore Auditorium is an historic music venue in San Francisco, California, made famous by Bill Graham. Named for its original location at the intersection of Fillmore Street and Geary Boulevard, it lies on the boundary of the Western Addition and the Pacific Heights neighborhoods.
http://wn.com/The_Fillmore
Urbana, Ohio
Urbana is a city in and the county seat of Champaign County, Ohio, United States, 47 miles (76 km) west of Columbus. Urbana was laid out in 1805, and for a time in 1812 was the headquarters of the Northwestern army. Urbana was named after the town of Urbanna, Virginia. It is the burial-place of the Indian fighter Simon Kenton. In 1900, 6,808 people lived in Urbana; in 1910, 7,739; and in 1940, 8,335. The population was 11,613 at the 2000 census. It is the home of Urbana University.
http://wn.com/Urbana_Ohio
Vancouver
Vancouver () is a coastal city located in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. It is named for British Captain George Vancouver, who explored the area in the 1790s. The name Vancouver itself originates from the Dutch "van Coevorden", denoting somebody from Coevorden, a city in the Netherlands.
http://wn.com/Vancouver
Washington (state)
http://wn.com/Washington_(state)
Woodstock
http://wn.com/Woodstock
Woodstock Festival
http://wn.com/Woodstock_Festival

African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans, and formerly as American Negroes) are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa. In the United States, the terms are generally used for Americans with at least partial Sub-Saharan African ancestry.
http://wn.com/African_American
Albert King
Albert King (April 25, 1923 – December 21, 1992) was an American blues guitarist and singer.
http://wn.com/Albert_King
Andrew Loog Oldham
Andrew Loog Oldham (born 29 January 1944 in Paddington, West London) is an English producer, impresario and author. He was manager of The Rolling Stones in the 1960s, and was noted for his flamboyant style.
http://wn.com/Andrew_Loog_Oldham
Arlo Guthrie
Arlo Davy Guthrie (born July 10, 1947) is an American folk singer. Like his father, Woody Guthrie, Arlo often sings songs of protest against social injustice. One of Guthrie's works is "Alice's Restaurant Massacree", a satirical talking blues song of about 18 minutes in length.
http://wn.com/Arlo_Guthrie
Artie Kornfeld
Artie Kornfeld (born Arthur Lawrence Kornfeld, 9 September 1942, Brooklyn, New York) is an American musician, record producer and music executive. He is perhaps best known as the music promoter for the Woodstock Festival held in 1969.
http://wn.com/Artie_Kornfeld
B.B. King
Riley B. King (born September 16, 1925), known by the stage name B.B. King, is an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter acclaimed for his expressive singing and guitar playing.
http://wn.com/BB_King
Billy Cox
http://wn.com/Billy_Cox
Billy Gibbons
http://wn.com/Billy_Gibbons
Billy Sheehan
'''William "Billy' Sheehan"''' (born on March 19, 1953, in Buffalo, New York) is an American bassist known for his work with Talas, Steve Vai, David Lee Roth, Mr. Big, and Niacin. Sheehan has won the "Best Rock Bass Player" readers' poll from Guitar Player Magazine five times for his "lead bass" playing style. Sheehan's repertoire includes the use of chording, two-handed tapping, right hand "three finger picking" technique and controlled feedback. However, Sheehan is also noted as a steady "true" bassist, fulfilling the traditional supportive role of the electric bass in the rock rhythm section. He has been a member of the Church of Scientology since 1971 and appeared on the street offering to defend it during Project Chanology.
http://wn.com/Billy_Sheehan
Bo Hansson
Bo Hansson (April 10, 1943 – April 24, 2010) was a Swedish musician best known for his four instrumental albums released in the 1970s.
http://wn.com/Bo_Hansson
Bob Dylan
http://wn.com/Bob_Dylan
Brian Auger
Brian Auger (born 18 July 1939, London, England) is a jazz and rock keyboardist, who has specialized in playing the Hammond organ.
http://wn.com/Brian_Auger
Brian Epstein
Brian Samuel Epstein () (19 September 1934 – 27 August 1967) was a British music entrepreneur, and the manager of The Beatles. He also managed several other musical artists such as Gerry & the Pacemakers, Billy J. Kramer and the Dakotas, Cilla Black, The Remo Four & The Cyrkle. His management company was named NEMS Enterprises, after his family's music stores, called NEMS (North End Music Stores).
http://wn.com/Brian_Epstein
Brian Jones
http://wn.com/Brian_Jones
Buddy Miles
George Allen Miles, Jr. (September 5, 1947 – February 26, 2008), known as Buddy Miles, was an American rock and funk drummer, most known as a member of Jimi Hendrix's Band of Gypsys from 1969 through to January 1970.
http://wn.com/Buddy_Miles
Carlos Santana
Carlos Augusto Alves Santana (born July 20, 1947) is a Mexican American rock guitarist. Santana became famous in the late 1960s and early 1970s with his band, Santana, which pioneered rock, salsa and jazz fusion. The band's sound featured his melodic, blues-based guitar lines set against Latin and African rhythms featuring percussion instruments such as timbales and congas not generally heard in rock music. Santana continued to work in these forms over the following decades. He experienced a resurgence of popularity and critical acclaim in the late 1990s. Rolling Stone named Santana number 15 on their list of the 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time in 2003. He has won 10 Grammy Awards and 3 Latin Grammy Awards.
http://wn.com/Carlos_Santana
Cherokee
The Cherokee () are a Native American people historically settled in the Southeastern United States (principally Georgia, the Carolinas and Eastern Tennessee). Linguistically, they are part of the Iroquoian-language family. In the 19th century, historians and ethnographers recorded their oral tradition that told of the tribe having migrated south in ancient times from the Great Lakes region, where other Iroquoian-speaking peoples were located.
http://wn.com/Cherokee
Chip Monck
Chip Monck (born Edward Herbert Beresford Monck on March 5, 1939 in Wellesley, MA) became famous to the public as the MC (master of ceremonies) of the 1969 Woodstock Festival and other events. He can be heard (and seen) in recordings of Woodstock making the stage announcements. But he had long been a well-regarded industry figure.
http://wn.com/Chip_Monck
Chuck Berry
Charles Edward Anderson "Chuck" Berry (born October 18, 1926) is an American guitarist, singer, and songwriter, and one of the pioneers of rock and roll music. With songs such as "Maybellene" (1955), "Roll Over Beethoven" (1956), "Rock and Roll Music" (1957) and "Johnny B. Goode" (1958), Chuck Berry refined and developed rhythm and blues into the major elements that made rock and roll distinctive, with lyrics focusing on teen life and consumerism and utilizing guitar solos and showmanship that would be a major influence on subsequent rock music.
http://wn.com/Chuck_Berry
Chuck D
Carlton Douglas Ridenhour (born August 1, 1960), better known by his stage name, Chuck D, is an American rapper, author, and producer. He helped create politically and socially conscious rap music in the mid-1980s as the leader of the rap group Public Enemy.
http://wn.com/Chuck_D
Chuck Jackson
Chuck Jackson (born July 22, 1937) is an R&B; singer who was one of the first artists to successfully record material by Burt Bacharach and Hal David. He has performed with moderate success since 1961. His hits include "I Don't Want to Cry," "Any Day Now," "I Keep Forgettin'" and "All Over the World".
http://wn.com/Chuck_Jackson
Country Joe McDonald
Country Joe McDonald (born Joseph Allen McDonald; January 1, 1942) was the lead singer of the 1960s psychedelic rock group Country Joe & the Fish.
http://wn.com/Country_Joe_McDonald
Curtis Knight
Curtis Knight (b. Mont Curtis McNear, Fort Scott, Kansas, May 9, 1929 - November 29, 1999) was an American music artist and band leader who is known for his connection to Jimi Hendrix. Knight was an artist in the 1960s Harlem music scene, usually fronting his own band "the Squires". This band gigged in clubs in New York City, and other surrounding areas. It was through Knight that Hendrix got involved with Ed Chalpin, a record producer who signed the future superstar to a contract which Hendrix soon forgot about and left for England to form "The Jimi Hendrix Experience".
http://wn.com/Curtis_Knight
D. A. Pennebaker
http://wn.com/D_A_Pennebaker
Dave Mason
David Thomas "Dave" Mason (born 10 May 1946) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and guitarist from Worcester, who first found fame with the rock band Traffic. In his long career, Mason has played and recorded with many of the era's most notable musicians, including Jimi Hendrix, Michael Jackson, The Rolling Stones, Eric Clapton, George Harrison, Fleetwood Mac and Cass Elliot. Mason's best known song is "Feelin' Alright", recorded by Traffic in 1968 and covered by dozens of artists, including Joe Cocker, who had a major hit with the song in 1969. For Traffic, he also wrote "Hole in My Shoe", a kind of psychedelic satire that became a classic in its own right. "We Just Disagree", Mason's 1977 solo hit written by Jim Krueger, has become a staple of Oldies and Adult Contemporary radio playlists.
http://wn.com/Dave_Mason
David Bowie
David Bowie ( ; born David Robert Jones, 8 January 1947) is an English rock musician, who has also worked as an actor, record producer and arranger. A major figure for five decades in the world of popular music, Bowie is widely regarded as an innovator, particularly for his work in the 1970s, and is known for his distinctive voice and the intellectual depth of his work.
http://wn.com/David_Bowie
Dick Cavett
Richard Alva "Dick" Cavett (born November 19, 1936) is a former American television talk show host known for his conversational style and in-depth discussion of issues. Cavett appeared regularly on nationally broadcast television in the United States in five consecutive decades, the 1960s through the 2000s.
http://wn.com/Dick_Cavett
Donald Verrilli
http://wn.com/Donald_Verrilli
Ed Cassidy
Ed "Cass" Cassidy (Born May 4, 1923) is an American drummer who was one of the founders of the rock group Spirit in 1967.
http://wn.com/Ed_Cassidy
Eddie Hazel
http://wn.com/Eddie_Hazel
Eddie Kramer
Edwin H. (Eddie) Kramer (born 1942 in Cape Town, South Africa) is an audio engineer and producer who has worked with, among others, Led Zeppelin, Triumph, Kiss (and solo Ace Frehley), Jimi Hendrix, The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, David Bowie, Spooky Tooth, Peter Frampton, Curtis Mayfield, Santana, Anthrax, Carly Simon, Loudness, and Robin Trower.
http://wn.com/Eddie_Kramer
Edgar Winter
Edgar Holland Winter (born December 28, 1947), is an American musician. Edgar is a multi-instrumentalist, performing on the keyboards, and as a vocalist, saxophonist and percussionist, well-versed in jazz, blues and rock. He was most successful in the 1970s with his band, The Edgar Winter Group. He is easily recognized by his albinism.
http://wn.com/Edgar_Winter
Eire Apparent
Eire Apparent was a band from Northern Ireland.
http://wn.com/Eire_Apparent
El-P
Jaime Meline, better known by his stage name El-P aka El-Producto (born on March 2, 1975), is an American hip hop artist and entrepreneur from Brooklyn, New York City. Originally a member of Company Flow, El-P has been a major driving force in alternative hip hop for over a decade. He is the co-founder, owner and CEO of the Definitive Jux record label. El-P is also a member of the Weathermen and art collective Cardboard City.
http://wn.com/El-P
Ellen McIlwaine
Ellen McIlwaine (born October 1, 1945, Nashville, Tennessee) is an American singer-songwriter and musician best known for her career as a slide guitarist.
http://wn.com/Ellen_McIlwaine
Elvis Presley
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley
Eric Burdon
Eric Victor Burdon (born 11 May 1941) is best known as a founding member and vocalist of The Animals, a rock band formed in Newcastle, England, his funk rock band War and his aggressive stage performance. He was ranked 57th in Rolling Stone's list - The 100 Greatest Singers of All Time.
http://wn.com/Eric_Burdon
Eric Clapton
Eric Patrick Clapton, CBE (born 30 March 1945) is an English blues-rock guitarist and singer-songwriter. Clapton is the only person who has been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame three times; as a solo performer, as well as a member of rock bands the Yardbirds and Cream. Throughout his career, Clapton has been viewed by critics and fans alike as one of the most important and influential guitarists of all time, Clapton was ranked fourth in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" and #53 on their list of the "Immortals: 100 Greatest Artists of All Time". In 2010, Clapton was ranked #4 on ''Gibson's'' Top 50 Guitarists of All Time.
http://wn.com/Eric_Clapton
Francis Scott Key
http://wn.com/Francis_Scott_Key
Frank Zappa
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa
George Harrison
http://wn.com/George_Harrison
Gerardo Velez
Gerardo "Jerry" Velez (born August 15, 1947) is a Puerto Rican musician. Best known for performing with American psychedelic rock musician Jimi Hendrix at Woodstock Festival in August 1969, Velez is a veteran percussionist and drummer who has performed with many artists covering a number of different genres of music. He is also a common member of jazz fusion band Spyro Gyra.
http://wn.com/Gerardo_Velez
Ice-T
Tracy Marrow (born February 16, 1958), better known by his stage name Ice-T, is an American rapper and actor. He was born in Newark, New Jersey and moved to Los Angeles, California when he was in the 7th grade. After graduating from high school he served in the United States Army for four years. He began his career as a rapper in the 1980s and was signed to Sire Records in 1987, when he released his debut album Rhyme Pays. The next year, he founded the record label Rhyme Syndicate Records (named after his collective of fellow Hip-Hop artists called the Rhyme Syndicate) and released another album, Power. He became the lead vocalist in heavy metal band Body Count, which he introduced in his 1991 album . Body Count released its self-titled debut album in 1992. Ice-T encountered controversy over his track "Cop Killer", which was perceived to glamorize killing police officers. In the following year, pressure upon Time Warner, the parent company of Warner Bros. Records, to censor or hold back any music or form of content that was deemed too dangerous for public consumption -- including Ice-T's next Hip-Hop album, Home Invasion which was supposed to be released early in 1993 and was under scrutiny for its album cover artwork -- ultimately prompted a severance of the relationship between them and Ice-T. Home Invasion was released later in the Fall of 1993 directly on his Rhyme Syndicate label through a new distribution deal with Priority Records instead. Body Count's next album was released in 1994, and Ice-T released two more albums in the late 1990s.
http://wn.com/Ice-T
Ike & Tina Turner
Ike & Tina Turner were an American rock & roll and soul duo, made of the husband-and-wife team of Ike Turner and Tina Turner in the 1960s and 1970s. Spanning sixteen years together as a recording group, the duo played among its repertoire, rock & roll, soul, blues and funk. They are known for their wild and entertaining dance shows and especially for their scintillating cover of "Proud Mary", for which they won a Grammy Award. The duo were inducted to the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 1991.
http://wn.com/Ike_&_Tina_Turner
Jackie Wilson
http://wn.com/Jackie_Wilson
Jaco Pastorius
http://wn.com/Jaco_Pastorius
James R. Hendrix
http://wn.com/James_R_Hendrix
Janis Joplin
Janis Lyn Joplin (January 19, 1943 - October 4, 1970) was an American singer, songwriter and music arranger. She rose to prominence in the late 1960s as the lead singer of Big Brother and the Holding Company and later as a solo artist. Rolling Stone magazine ranked Joplin number 46 on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time in 2004, and number 28 on its 2008 list of 100 Greatest Singers of All Time.
http://wn.com/Janis_Joplin
Jeff Baxter
Jeff "Skunk" Baxter (born December 13, 1948 in Washington, D.C.) is an American guitarist, known for his stints in the rock bands Steely Dan and The Doobie Brothers during the 1970s. More recently, he has been working as a defense consultant and chairs a Congressional Advisory Board on missile defense.
http://wn.com/Jeff_Baxter
Jeff Beck
Geoffrey Arnold "Jeff" Beck (born 24 June 1944) is an English rock guitarist. He is one of the three noted guitarists, along with Eric Clapton and Jimmy Page, to have played with The Yardbirds. Beck also formed The Jeff Beck Group, and Beck, Bogert & Appice, besides his successful solo career.
http://wn.com/Jeff_Beck
Jim Morrison
http://wn.com/Jim_Morrison
Jimi Hendrix
http://wn.com/Jimi_Hendrix
Joan Baez
Joan Chandos Baez (born January 9, 1941) is an American folk singer, songwriter and activist. Baez has a distinctive vocal style, with a strong vibrato. Her recordings include many topical songs and material dealing with social issues.
http://wn.com/Joan_Baez
Joe Cocker
John Robert "Joe" Cocker, OBE (born 20 May 1944, Sheffield, England) is an English rock/blues musician, composer and actor who came to popularity in the 1960s, and is most known for his gritty voice, his idiosyncratic arm movements while performing, and his cover versions of popular songs, particularly those of The Beatles. He is the recipient of several awards, including a 1983 Grammy Award for his song "Up Where We Belong", a duet which he performed with Jennifer Warnes. He was ranked #97 on Rolling Stone's 100 greatest singers list.
http://wn.com/Joe_Cocker
Joel Rosenman
Joel Rosenman (born 1942), conceived and co-created the Woodstock Festival in 1969. Rosenman thought of the idea for the three-day concert when he and business partner John Roberts evaluated a recording studio proposal brought forward by Michael Lang and Artie Kornfeld. The four went on to create the event; Rosenman and Roberts are the co-authors of Young Men with Unlimited Capital, a non-fiction account of their exploits as producers of Woodstock.
http://wn.com/Joel_Rosenman
John Coltrane
http://wn.com/John_Coltrane
John Gilliland
[[Image:Ksfojohn.gif|frame|"John Gilliland at KSFO, c. 1971" Courtesy of [http://www.library.unt.edu/resolveuid/2778cba10090c91e58ce2854519b940a The John Gilliland Collection].]]
http://wn.com/John_Gilliland
John Hammond Jr.
http://wn.com/John_Hammond_Jr
John Sebastian
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This article is about the guitarist. For the band, see The Jimi Hendrix Experience. "James Hendrix" redirects here. For the American soldier, see James R. Hendrix.

Jimi Hendrix
Jimi Hendrix performing for Dutch television in 1967
Background information
Birth name	Johnny Allen Hendrix
Born	(1942-11-27)November 27, 1942 Seattle, Washington, US
Died	September 18, 1970(1970-09-18) (aged 27) Kensington, London, England
Genres	Psychedelic rock, hard rock, heavy metal, blues rock, acid rock
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, musician, producer, recording studio entrepreneur
Instruments	Guitar, vocals, bass, keyboards, percussion
Years active	1963–1970
Labels	RSVP, Track, Barclay, Polydor, Reprise, Capitol, MCA
Associated acts	Little Richard, The Isley Brothers, The Blue Flame, The Jimi Hendrix Experience, Gypsy Sun and Rainbows, Band of Gypsys, Curtis Knight
Website	www.jimihendrix.com
Notable instruments
Fender Stratocaster Jimi Hendrix's Signature

James Marshall "Jimi" Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix; November 27, 1942^[1]^[2] – September 18, 1970) was an American musician and singer-songwriter. He is widely considered to be the greatest electric guitarist in music history,^[3]^[4]^[5] and one of the most influential musicians of his era despite mainstream exposure limited to just three years.^[6]^[7]^[8] After initial success in Europe with his group The Jimi Hendrix Experience, he achieved fame in the United States following his 1967 performance at the Monterey Pop Festival. Later, he headlined the iconic 1969 Woodstock Festival and the 1970 Isle of Wight Festival. He often favored raw overdriven amplifiers with high gain and treble and helped develop the previously undesirable technique of guitar amplifier feedback.^[9]

Hendrix helped to popularize use of the wah-wah pedal in mainstream rock, which he often used to deliver tonal exaggerations in his solos, particularly with high bends, complex guitar playing, and use of legato. As a record producer, he also broke new ground in using the recording studio as an extension of his musical ideas. He was one of the first to experiment with stereophonic phasing effects for rock recording.^{[citation needed]} He was influenced by blues artists such as B.B. King, Muddy Waters, Howlin' Wolf, Albert King and Elmore James,^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13] rhythm and blues and soul guitarists Curtis Mayfield and Steve Cropper, and the jazz guitarist Wes Montgomery. Hendrix began dressing and wearing a moustache like Little Richard when he performed and recorded in his band from March 1, 1964 through to the spring of 1965.^[14]^[15]^[16] In 1966, he stated, "I want to do with my guitar what Little Richard does with his voice".^[17]

Hendrix won several prestigious rock music awards during his lifetime, and many more posthumously. He was inducted into the US Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992 and the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005. An English Heritage blue plaque was erected in his name on his former residence at Brook Street, London, in September 1997. A star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame was dedicated in 1994. In 2006, his debut US album, Are You Experienced, was inducted into the United States National Recording Registry, and Rolling Stone named Hendrix the top guitarist on its list of the 100 greatest guitarists of all-time in 2003.^[18]

1 Early life
- 1.1 First guitar
- 1.2 In the Army
2 Career
3 Death
- 3.1 Allegations of murder
4 Fashion
5 Drug use and women
6 Gravesite
7 Recordings
8 Unfinished work and posthumous releases
9 Legacy
10 Electric church
11 Discography
12 See also
13 References
14 External links

Early life [link]

He was born Johnny Allen Hendrix on November 27, 1942, in Seattle, Washington, the first of five children to James Allen "Al" Hendrix^[19] (June 10, 1919, Vancouver, British Columbia – April 17, 2002, Renton, Washington) and Lucille Jeter (October 12, 1925, Seattle, Washington – February 2, 1958, Renton, Washington).^[20]

Hendrix's ancestry was of mixed African American, European, and Native American origin. His paternal great grandfather was Bertran Philander Ross, a wealthy white grain dealer from Urbana, Ohio, who was of Irish, German, and English descent. Out of wedlock, Bertran Philander Ross and his slave Fanny Hendricks produced Jimi's paternal grandfather Ross Hendricks (Hendrix).^[21] Jimi Hendrix was part Cherokee,^[22] his paternal great-great grandmother being a Cherokee from Georgia.^[23] His parents met at a dance in Seattle in 1941 when Lucille Jeter was 16. When she married Al Hendrix the next year, on March 13, 1942, she was pregnant. Since Al had been drafted into the United States Army due to World War II, he was shipped out three days later.^[24]^[25] Al Hendrix completed his basic training at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, but was stationed in Alabama when his son was born. Because the commanding officer believed that he would go AWOL to Seattle in order to visit his new son, he was locked up in the stockade as a preventative measure, where he remained to receive the telegram informing him of his son's birth.^[26] The baby that would grow up to become the guitarist Jimi Hendrix was born to a father who had six fingers on each hand.^[27] Al Hendrix spent the war in the South Pacific Theater mostly in Fiji.^[28] During the three years that he was away, Lucille struggled with raising her infant son who was neglected in favor of the nightlife scene.^[29] Thus Hendrix was mostly cared for by family members and others during this period.

His father received an honorable discharge from the U.S. Army on September 1, 1945, and retrieved his son from a woman who was caring for him in Berkeley. Al legally changed his son's name to James Marshall Hendrix in memory of his late brother, Leon Marshall Hendrix.^[30]^[31] He was known as "Buster" to friends and family, from birth.^[32] After his return, Al reunited with Lucille. He found it difficult to gain steady employment after the Second World War, and the family was impoverished. Like Lucille, Al also struggled with alcohol and the couple had frequent fights. At one point a pimp named John Page who had a history with Lucille even tried to commandeer her out of a movie theater while she was with Al. Al objected and a fight ensued, spilling out into the street. Al had been an amateur boxer and stunned the pimp with a first punch, eventually winning the brawl and they never saw the pimp again.^[33]

During the early years of Hendrix's life, the turmoil caused by his parent's fighting would sometimes cause him to withdraw and hide in a closet in their home.^[33] They moved often, staying in cheap hotels and apartments around Seattle. Throughout his childhood Hendrix would periodically be dropped off to be cared for by relatives. This all left an imprint on him as a small child which would remain with him the rest of his life.^[34] In addition to the instability of his home life, Hendrix in later years confided to two different girlfriends that he had been the victim of sexual abuse, although he never elaborated. In one instance while he was living in Harlem, Hendrix broke down crying as his girlfriend related the sexual abuse she had suffered as a child, telling her that the same thing had happened to him.^[35]

Hendrix had two brothers, Leon and Joseph, and two sisters, Kathy and Pamela. Joseph was born with physical difficulties and was placed in foster care at age three. His two sisters were also both placed in foster care at a young age. Kathy was born blind and Pamela suffered lesser physical difficulties.

On December 17, 1951, when Hendrix was nine years old, his parents divorced. His mother developed cirrhosis of the liver and died on February 2, 1958, when the state of her liver caused her spleen to rupture.^[36] On occasion, he was placed in the care of his paternal grandmother in Vancouver, British Columbia because of the unstable household, and his brother Leon was placed in foster care temporarily.^[37] Hendrix was a shy and sensitive boy, deeply affected by the poverty and family disruption he experienced at a young age. Unusual for his era, Hendrix's high school had a relatively even ethnic mix of African, European, and Asian Americans.^[38]

First guitar [link]

At age 15, around the time his mother died, he acquired his first acoustic guitar for US$5 from an acquaintance of his father. This guitar replaced both the broomstick he had been strumming in imitation, and a ukulele which his father had found while cleaning a garage.^[39]^[40]^[41] Hendrix learned to play by practicing for several hours a day, watching others play, getting tips from more experienced players, and listening to records. In mid-1959, his father bought Hendrix a white Supro Ozark, his first electric guitar, but there was no available amplifier. According to fellow Seattle bandmates, he learned most of his acrobatic stage moves, a major part of the blues/R&B tradition, including playing with his teeth and behind his back, from a fellow young musician, Raleigh "Butch" Snipes, guitarist with local band The Sharps. Hendrix himself performed Chuck Berry's trademark "duck walk" on occasion.^[42] Hendrix played in a couple of local bands, occasionally playing outlying gigs in Washington State and at least once over the border in Vancouver, British Columbia.^[43]

Hendrix was particularly fond of Elvis Presley, whom he saw perform in Seattle in 1957.^[44] Leon Hendrix claimed in an early interview that Little Richard appeared in his Central District neighborhood and shook hands with his brother, Jimi. This is unattested elsewhere and vehemently denied by his father.^[30] He also claimed that Richard was visiting his mother there at the time, when Richard's mother actually lived in Los Angeles. Hendrix's early exposure to blues music came from listening to records by Muddy Waters and B.B. King which his father owned.^[45] Another early impression came from the 1954 western Johnny Guitar, in which the hero carries no gun but instead wears a guitar slung behind his back.

Hendrix's first gig was with an unnamed band in the basement of a synagogue, Seattle's Temple De Hirsch. After too much wild playing and showing off, he was fired between sets. The first formal band he played in was The Velvetones, who performed regularly at the Yesler Terrace Neighborhood House without pay. He later joined the Rocking Kings, who played professionally at such venues as the Birdland. When his guitar was stolen (after he left it backstage overnight), Al bought him a white Silvertone Danelectro. He painted it red and had "Betty Jean" emblazoned on it—the name of his high school girlfriend.

Hendrix completed junior high at Washington Junior High School with little trouble but did not graduate from Garfield High School. Later he was awarded an honorary diploma, and in the 1990s a bust of him was placed in the school library. After he became famous in the late 1960s, Hendrix told reporters that he had been expelled from Garfield by racist faculty for holding hands with a white girlfriend in study hall. Principal Frank Hanawalt says that it was due to poor grades and attendance problems.^[46]

In the Army [link]

Hendrix got into trouble with the law twice for riding in stolen cars. He was given a choice between spending two years in prison or joining the Army. Hendrix chose the latter and enlisted on May 31, 1961. After completing basic training at Fort Ord near Monterey in California, he was assigned to the 101st Airborne Division and stationed in Fort Campbell, Kentucky. His commanding officers and fellow soldiers considered him to be a subpar soldier: he slept while on duty, had little regard for regulations, required constant supervision, and showed no skill as a marksman. For these reasons, his commanding officers submitted a request that Hendrix be discharged from the military after he had served only one year. Hendrix did not object when the opportunity to leave arose.^[47] He would later tell reporters that he received a medical discharge after breaking his ankle during his 26th parachute jump. The rock music journalist Charles Cross contended in his biography of Hendrix, Room Full of Mirrors (2005) that Hendrix feigned being homosexual—claiming to have fallen in love with a fellow soldier—in order to be discharged, but did not produce credible evidence to support this contention.

At the base recreation center, Hendrix met fellow soldier and bass player Billy Cox, and the two forged a loyal friendship that Hendrix would call upon from April 1969 until Billy's breakdown shortly before Hendrix's death. The two would often perform with other musicians at venues both on and off the base as a loosely organized band named the Casuals. As a celebrity in the UK, Hendrix mentioned his military service in three published interviews; one in 1967 for the film See My Music Talking (much later released under the title Experience), which was intended for TV to promote his recently released Axis: Bold as Love LP, in which he spoke very briefly of his first parachuting experience: "...once you get out there everything is so quiet, all you hear is the breezes-s-s-s..." This comment has later been used to claim that he was saying that this was one of the sources of his "spacy" guitar sound. The second and third mentions of his military experience were in interviews for Melody Maker in 1967 and 1969, where he spoke of his dislike of the army.^[48] In interviews in the US, Hendrix almost never mentioned it, and when Dick Cavett brought it up in his TV interview, Hendrix's only response was to verify that he had been based at Fort Campbell.^[49]

Career [link]

Early career [link]

After his Army discharge, Hendrix and Army friend Billy Cox moved to nearby Clarksville, Tennessee and undertook in earnest to earn a living with their existing band. Hendrix had already seen Butch Snipes play with his teeth in Seattle and now Alphonso 'Baby Boo' Young the other guitarist in the band, was featuring this gimmick.^[50] Not to be upstaged, it was then that Hendrix learned to play with his teeth properly, according to Hendrix himself: "... the idea of doing that came to me in a town in Tennessee. Down there you have to play with your teeth or else you get shot. There's a trail of broken teeth all over the stage..."^[51] They played mainly in low-paying gigs at obscure venues. The band eventually moved to Nashville's Jefferson Street, the traditional heart of Nashville's black community and home to a lively rhythm and blues scene.^[52] After they moved to Nashville, upon learning there was already an established band by the name "The Casuals", they amended their name to the "King Kasuals".^[53] While in Nashville, according to Cox and Larry Lee—who replaced Alphonso Young on guitar—they were basically the house band at Club del Morocco.^[54] Hendrix and Cox shared a flat above Joyce's House of Glamor.^[55] Hendrix's girlfriend at this time was Joyce Lucas. Bill 'Hoss' Allen's memory of Hendrix's supposed participation in a session with Billy Cox in November 1962, in which he cut Hendrix's contribution due to his over-the-top playing, has now been called into question; a suggestion has been made that he may have confused this with a later 1965 session by Frank Howard and the Commanders in which Hendrix participated.^[56]

In December 1962, Hendrix visited his relatives in Vancouver, Canada, where as a child he had sometimes lived with his grandmother. It has been claimed that while there, he performed with future members of the Motown band Bobby Taylor & the Vancouvers, including Tommy Chong (of later Cheech & Chong fame).^[57] Chong, however, disputes this ever happened and that any such appearance is a product of Taylor's "imagination".^[58] In early 1963, Hendrix returned to the South. For the next two years, Hendrix made a living performing on a circuit of venues throughout the South catering to black audiences. These were venues affiliated with the Theater Owners' Booking Association (TOBA), sarcastically known as "Tough on Black Asses" because the audiences were very demanding. The TOBA circuit was also widely known as the Chitlin' Circuit. In addition to performing in his own band, Hendrix performed with Bob Fisher and the Bonnevilles,^[59] and in backing bands for various soul, R&B, and blues musicians, including Chuck Jackson, Slim Harpo, Tommy Tucker, Sam Cooke, and Jackie Wilson. The Chitlin' Circuit was where Hendrix refined his style.

Feeling he had artistically outgrown the circuit and frustrated at following the rules of bandleaders, Hendrix decided to try his luck in New York City and in January 1964 moved into the Hotel Theresa in Harlem,^[60] where he soon befriended Lithofayne Pridgeon (known as "Faye",^[61] who became his girlfriend) and the Allen twins, Arthur and Albert (now known as Taharqa and Tunde-Ra Aleem). The Allen twins became friends and kept Hendrix out of trouble in New York. The twins also performed as backup singers (under the name Ghetto Fighters) on some of his recordings, most notably the song "Freedom". Pridgeon, a Harlem native with connections throughout the area's music scene, provided Hendrix with shelter, support, and encouragement. In February 1964, Hendrix won first prize in the Apollo Theater amateur contest. Hoping to land a gig, Hendrix made the club circuit and sat in with various bands. Eventually, Hendrix was offered the guitarist position with The Isley Brothers' back-up band and he readily accepted.

First recordings [link]

Hendrix' first studio recording occurred in March 1964, when the Isley Brothers, with Hendrix as a member of the band, recorded the two-part single "Testify". Hendrix then went on tour with the Isley Brothers. "Testify" was released in June 1964, but did not make an impact on the charts. After touring as a member of the Isley Brothers until mid-late 1964,^[62]^[63]^[64]^[65]^[66]^[67] Hendrix grew dissatisfied and left the band in Nashville. There, he found work with the tour's MC "Gorgeous" George Odell.

On March 1, 1964, Hendrix (then calling himself Maurice James) began recording and performing with Little Richard.^[16] Hendrix would later (1966) say, "I want to do with my guitar what Little Richard does with his voice".^[68] During a stop in Los Angeles while touring with Little Richard in 1965, Hendrix played a session for Rosa Lee Brooks on her single "My Diary". This was his first recorded involvement with Arthur Lee of the band Love.^[69]^[70] While in L.A., he also played on the session for Little Richard's final single for Vee-Jay, "I Don't Know What You've Got, But It's Got Me".^[71] He later made his first recorded TV appearance on Nashville's Channel 5 Night Train with "The Royal Company" backing up "Buddy and Stacy" on "Shotgun".^[72] Hendrix clashed with Richard, over tardiness, wardrobe, and, above all, Hendrix's stage antics.^[71] On tour they shared billing a couple of times with Ike & Tina Turner. It has been suggested that Hendrix left Richard and played with the Turners briefly before returning to Richard, but there is no firm evidence to support this. Hendrix mentioned playing with them, and Ike Turner shortly before his death claimed that he did, but this is emphatically denied by Tina. Months later, he was either fired or he left after missing the tour bus in Washington, D.C.^[73] He then rejoined the Isley Brothers in the summer of 1965 and recorded a second single with them, "Move Over and Let Me Dance" backed with "Have You Ever Been Disappointed" (1965 Atlantic 45-2303).

Later in 1965, Hendrix joined a New York–based R&B band, Curtis Knight and the Squires, after meeting Knight in the lobby of the Hotel America, off Times Square, where both men were living at the time.^[74] He performed on and off with them for eight months.^[75] In October 1965, Hendrix recorded a single with Curtis Knight, "How Would You Feel" backed with "Welcome Home" (1966 RSVP 1120) and on October 15 he signed a three-year recording contract with entrepreneur Ed Chalpin, receiving 1% royalty. While the relationship with Chalpin was short-lived, his contract remained in force, which caused considerable problems for Hendrix later on in his career. The legal dispute has continued to the present day.^[76] (Several songs (and demos) from the 1965–1966 Curtis Knight recording sessions, deemed not worth releasing at the time, were marketed as "Jimi Hendrix" recordings after he became famous.)^[77] Aside from Curtis Knight and the Squires, Hendrix then toured for two months with Joey Dee and the Starliters.

In between performing with Curtis Knight in 1966, Hendrix toured and recorded with King Curtis. Hendrix recorded the two-part single "Help Me (Get the Feeling)" with Ray Sharpe and the King Curtis Orchestra (1966 Atco 45-6402) (the backing track was subsequently overdubbed by other vocalists with different lyrics and released as new songs).^[78] Later in 1966, Hendrix also recorded with Lonnie Youngblood, a saxophone player who occasionally performed with Curtis Knight. The sessions produced two singles for Youngblood: "Go Go Shoes"/"Go Go Place" (Fairmount F-1002) and "Soul Food (That's What I Like)"/"Goodbye Bessie Mae" (Fairmount F-1022). Additionally, singles for other artists came out of the sessions: The Icemen's "(My Girl) She's a Fox"/ "(I Wonder) What It Takes" (1966 SAMAR S-111) and Jimmy Norman's "You're Only Hurting Yourself"/"That Little Old Groove Maker" (1966 SAMAR S-112). As with the King Curtis recordings, backing tracks and alternate takes for the Youngblood sessions would be overdubbed and otherwise manipulated to create many "new" tracks.^[79] (Many Youngblood tracks without any Hendrix involvement would later be marketed as "Jimi Hendrix" recordings).^[80] Also around this time in 1966, Hendrix got his first composer credits for two instrumentals "Hornets Nest" and "Knock Yourself Out", released as a Curtis Knight and the Squires single (1966 RSVP 1124).^[81]

Hendrix, now going by the name Jimmy James, formed his own band, The Blue Flame, composed of Randy Palmer (bass), Danny Casey (drums), and a 15-year-old guitarist who played slide and rhythm named Randy Wolfe in June 1966.^[82]

Since there were two musicians named "Randy" in the group, Hendrix dubbed Wolfe "Randy California" (as he had recently moved from there to New York City) and Palmer (a Tejano) "Randy Texas". Randy California would later co-found the band Spirit with his stepfather, drummer Ed Cassidy. It was around this time that Hendrix's only daughter Tamika was conceived with Diana Carpenter (also known as Regina Jackson), a teenage runaway and prostitute that he briefly stayed with. Her claim has not been recognized by the US courts where, after death, she may not have a claim on his estate even if she could legally prove he was her father, unless recognized previously as such by him or the courts.^[83]

Hendrix and his new band played at several places in New York, but their primary venue was a residency at the Cafe Wha? on MacDougal Street in Greenwich Village. The street runs along "Washington (Square) Park" which appeared in at least two of Hendrix's songs. Their last concerts were at the Cafe au Go Go, as John Hammond Jr.'s backing group, billed as "The Blue Flame". Singer-guitarist Ellen McIlwaine and guitarist Jeff Baxter also claim to have briefly worked with Hendrix in this period.^[84]

The Jimi Hendrix Experience [link]

Main article: The Jimi Hendrix Experience

Early in 1966 at the Cheetah Club on Broadway at 53rd Street, Linda Keith, the girlfriend of Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards, befriended Hendrix and recommended him to Stones' manager Andrew Loog Oldham and later, producer Seymour Stein. Neither man took a liking to Hendrix's music, and they both passed. She then referred Hendrix to Chas Chandler, who was ending his tenure as bassist in The Animals and looking for talent to manage and produce. Chandler liked the song "Hey Joe" and was convinced he could create a hit single with the right artist.

The Jimi Hendrix Experience performing on Dutch television in 1967

Impressed with Hendrix's version, Chandler brought him to London in September 1966 and signed him to a management and production contract with himself and ex-Animals manager Michael Jeffery. It was Chandler who came up with the spelling change of "Jimmy" to "Jimi".^[85] Chandler then helped Hendrix form a new band, The Jimi Hendrix Experience, with guitarist-turned-bassist Noel Redding and drummer Mitch Mitchell, both English musicians.^[86] Shortly before the Experience was formed, Chandler introduced Hendrix to Brian Auger, Eric Burdon, Pete Townshend and to Eric Clapton, who had only recently helped put together Cream. At Chandler's request, Cream let Hendrix join them on stage for a jam. Hendrix performed two songs, one of which was the song "Killing Floor". Hendrix and Clapton remained friends up until Hendrix's death. The first night Hendrix arrived in London, he began a relationship with Kathy Etchingham that lasted until February 1969. She later wrote an autobiographical book about their relationship and the sixties London scene in general.^[87]

Hendrix sometimes had a camp sense of humour, specifically with the song "Purple Haze". A mondegreen had appeared, in which the line "'Scuse me while I kiss the sky" was misheard as "'Scuse me while I kiss this guy". In a few performances, Hendrix humorously used this, deliberately singing "kiss this guy" while pointing to Mitch or Noel, as he did at Monterey.^[88] In the Woodstock DVD he deliberately points to the sky at this point,^[89] to make it clear. A volume of misheard lyrics has been published, using this mondegreen itself as the title, with Hendrix on the cover.

UK success [link]

After his enthusiastically received performance at France's No. 1 venue, the Olympia theatre in Paris on the Johnny Hallyday tour, an on-stage jam with Cream, a showcase gig at the newly opened, pop-celebrity oriented nightclub Bag O'Nails and the all important appearances on the top UK TV pop shows Ready Steady Go! and the BBC's Top of the Pops, word of Hendrix spread throughout the London music community in late 1966. His showmanship and virtuosity made instant fans of reigning guitar heroes Eric Clapton and Jeff Beck, as well as Brian Jones and members of The Beatles and The Who, whose managers signed Hendrix to their new record label, Track Records.

Hendrix's first single was a cover of "Hey Joe", using Tim Rose's slower arrangement of the song including his addition of a female backing chorus. Backing this first 1966 "Experience" single was Hendrix's first songwriting effort, "Stone Free". Further success came in early 1967 with "Purple Haze" which featured the "Hendrix chord" and "The Wind Cries Mary". The three singles were all UK Top 10 hits and were also popular internationally including Europe, Australia, New Zealand and Japan (though failed to sell when released later in the US).

Onstage, Hendrix was also making an impression with sped up renderings of the B.B. King hit "Rock Me Baby" and Howlin' Wolf's hit "Killing Floor".

[edit] Are You Experienced

Main article: Are You Experienced

The first Jimi Hendrix Experience album, Are You Experienced, was released in the United Kingdom on May 12, 1967, and shortly thereafter internationally, outside of the United States and Canada. It contained none of the previously released (outside the United States and Canada) singles or their B sides ("Hey Joe"/"Stone Free", "Purple Haze"/"51st Anniversary" and "The Wind Cries Mary"/"Highway Chile"). Only The Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band prevented Are You Experienced from reaching No. 1 on the UK charts.

At this time, the Experience extensively toured the United Kingdom and parts of Europe. This allowed Hendrix to develop his stage presence, which reached a high point on March 31, 1967, when, booked to appear as one of the opening acts on the Walker Brothers farewell tour, he set his guitar on fire at the end of his first performance, as a publicity stunt. This guitar has now been identified as the "Zappa guitar" (previously thought to have been from Miami), which has been partly refurbished.^{[clarification needed]} Later, as part of this press promotion campaign, there were articles about Rank Theatre management warning him to "tone down" his "suggestive" stage act, with Chandler stating that the group would not compromise regardless.^[90] On June 4, 1967, the Experience played their last show in England, at London's Saville Theatre, before heading off to America. The Beatles' Sgt. Pepper album had just been released on June 1 and two Beatles (Paul McCartney and George Harrison) were in attendance, along with a roll call of other UK rock stardom, including: Brian Epstein, Eric Clapton, Spencer Davis, Jack Bruce, and pop singer Lulu. Hendrix opened the show with his own rendering of "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band", rehearsed only minutes before taking the stage, much to McCartney's astonishment and delight.^[91]

Hendrix on stage in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1967

While on tour in Sweden in 1967, Hendrix jammed with the duo Hansson & Karlsson, and later opened several concerts with their song "Tax Free", also recording a cover of it during the Electric Ladyland sessions.^[92] He played there frequently throughout his career, and his only son James Daniel Sundquist was born there in 1969 to a Swede, Eva Sundquist, recognized as such by the Swedish courts and paid a settlement by Experience Hendrix LLC.^[93] He wrote a poem to a woman there (probably Sundquist). Sundquist had sent Hendrix roses on each of his opening nights in Stockholm, and began – according to the Swedish courts – a sexual relationship from then until conceiving Daniel with him, after his third visit in January 1969. Hendrix also dedicated songs to the Swedish-based Vietnam deserters organization in 1969.^[94]

Months later, Reprise Records released the US and Canadian version of Are You Experienced with a new cover by Karl Ferris, removing "Red House", "Remember" and "Can You See Me" to make room for the first three single A-sides. Where the (Rest of the World) album kicked off with "Foxy Lady", the US and Canadian one started with "Purple Haze". Both versions offered a startling introduction to the Jimi Hendrix Experience, and the album was a blueprint for what had become possible on an electric guitar, basically recorded on four tracks, mixed into mono and only modified at this point by a "fuzz" pedal, reverb and a small bit of the experimental "Octavia" pedal on "Purple Haze", produced by Roger Mayer in consultation with Hendrix. A remix using the mostly mono backing tracks with the guitar and vocal overdubs separated and occasionally panned to create a stereo mix was also released, only in the US and Canada.

US success [link]

Although very popular in Europe at this time, The Jimi Hendrix Experience had yet to crack the United States.c Their first single there, "Hey Joe" c/w "51st Anniversary" (Reprise 0572, released May 1, 1967), failed to reach the Billboard chart.

Their chance came when Paul McCartney recommended the group to the organizers of the Monterey International Pop Festival. This proved to be a great opportunity for Hendrix, not only because of the large audience present at the event, but also because of the many journalists covering the event who wrote about him. The performances were filmed by D. A. Pennebaker and later shown in some movie theaters around the country in early 1969 as the concert documentary Monterey Pop, which immortalized Hendrix's iconic burning and smashing of his guitar at the finale of his performance.

The opening song was Hendrix's very fast arrangement of Howlin' Wolf's 1965 R&B hit "Killing Floor". He played this frequently from late 1965 through 1968, usually as the opener to his shows. The Monterey performance included an equally lively rendering of B.B. King's 1964 R&B hit "Rock Me Baby", Tim Rose's arrangement of "Hey Joe" and Bob Dylan's 1965 pop hit "Like a Rolling Stone". The set ended with The Troggs' "Wild Thing" and Hendrix repeating the act that had boosted his profile in the UK (and internationally) with him burning his guitar on stage,^[95] then smashing it to bits and tossing pieces out to the audience. This show finally brought Hendrix to the notice of the US public. A large chunk of this guitar was on display at the Experience Music Project in Seattle, along with the other psychedelically painted Stratocaster that Hendrix smashed (but did not burn) at his farewell concert in England before he left for the US and Monterey.

At the time Hendrix was playing sets in the Scene club in NYC in July 1967, he met Frank Zappa, whose Mothers of Invention were playing the adjacent Garrick Theater, and he was reportedly fascinated by Zappa's recently purchased wah-wah pedal.^[96] Hendrix immediately bought one from Manny's and starting using it right away on the sessions for both sides of his new single, and slightly later, on several jams recorded at Ed Chalpin's studio.^[97]

Following the festival, the Experience played a series of concerts at Bill Graham's Fillmore replacing the original headliners Jefferson Airplane at the top of the bill. It was at this time that Hendrix became acquainted with future musical collaborator Stephen Stills, and reacquainted himself with Buddy Miles who introduced Hendrix to his future partner, Devon Wilson. She had a turbulent on/off relationship with him, right up to the night of his death, and was the only one of his partners to record with him. She died only six months after Hendrix under mysterious circumstances, apparently falling from an upper window in the Chelsea Hotel.

Following this very successful West Coast introduction, which also included two open air concerts (one of them a free concert in the "panhandle" of Golden Gate Park) and a concert at the Whisky a Go Go, they were booked as one of the opening acts for pop group The Monkees on their first American tour. The Monkees asked for Hendrix because they were fans,^[98] but their (mostly early teens) audience sometimes did not warm to their act, and he quit the tour after a few dates. Chas Chandler later admitted that being thrown off the Monkees tour was engineered to gain maximum media impact and publicity for Hendrix,^[99] similar to that gained from the manufactured Rank Theatre's indecency dispute on the earlier UK Walker Brothers tour. At the time, a story circulated claiming that Hendrix was removed from the tour because of complaints made by the Daughters of the American Revolution that his stage conduct was "lewd and indecent". This report was concocted by a journalist accompanying the tour, the Australian Lillian Roxon.

Meanwhile in Western Europe, where Hendrix was appreciated for his authentic blues as well as his hit singles and recognized for his avant-garde musical ideas, his wild-man image and musical gimmickry (such as playing the guitar with his teeth and behind his back) had faded; but they later plagued him in the US following Monterey. He became frustrated by the US media and audience when they concentrated on his stage tricks and best known songs.

[edit] Axis: Bold as Love

Main article: Axis: Bold as Love

The Jimi Hendrix Experience's second 1967 album, Axis: Bold as Love was his first recording made for stereo release and used panning and other stereo effects. It continued the style established by Are You Experienced. The opening track, "EXP", featured a stereo effect in which a sound emanating from Hendrix's guitar appeared to revolve around the listener, fading out into the distance from the right channel, then returning in on the left. This album marked the first time Hendrix recorded the whole album with his guitar tuned down one half-step, to E♭, which he used exclusively thereafter and was his first to feature the wah-wah pedal. A mishap almost delayed the album's pre-Christmas release: Hendrix lost the master tape of side one of the LP, leaving it in the back seat of a London taxi. With the release deadline looming, Hendrix, Chas Chandler and engineer Eddie Kramer had to remix most of side one in an overnight session, but they could not match the lost mix of "If 6 Was 9". They soon learned that bassist Noel Redding had a tape recording of this mix. The tape had to be smoothed out as it had gotten wrinkled.^[100] Hendrix was disappointed that the album had to be finished so quickly and felt it could have been better, given more time. He was also somewhat disappointed in the album cover art work, which depicts Hendrix and his Experience bandmates as the various forms of Vishnu, incorporating a painting of them by Roger Law (from a photo-portrait by Karl Ferris). Hendrix remarked that it would have been more appropriate if the cover had highlighted his American Indian heritage.^[101]

The album was released in the UK near the end of their first headlining tour there, after which the pace slowed briefly during the Christmas holidays. In January 1968 the group went to Sweden for a short tour, and after the first show Hendrix, reportedly after drinking and according to Hendrix his drink being spiked, went berserk and smashed up his hotel room in a rage, injuring his hand and culminating in his arrest. Then on the 6th in Denmark his famous hat was stolen.^[102] The rest of the tour was uneventful, though Hendrix had to spend some time in Sweden waiting for his trial and eventual large fine.^[103]

[edit] Electric Ladyland

Main article: Electric Ladyland

Hendrix's third recording, the double album Electric Ladyland (1968), was a departure from previous efforts. Following his third and penultimate French concert at the Paris Olympia, Hendrix flew to the US to start his first tour there, and after two months returned to his Electric Ladyland project at the newly opened Record Plant Studios with engineers Eddie Kramer and Gary Kellgren and initially Chas Chandler as producer.

As the album's recording progressed, Chas Chandler became so frustrated with Hendrix's perfectionism and with various friends and guests milling about the studio that he decided to sever his professional relationship with Hendrix. Chandler's departure had a clear impact on the artistic direction that the recording took.

Hendrix began experimenting with different combinations of musicians and instruments, and modern electronic effects. For example, Dave Mason, Chris Wood, and Steve Winwood from the band Traffic, drummer Buddy Miles and former Bob Dylan organist Al Kooper, among others, were involved in the recording sessions. He described how Hendrix went from a disciplined recording regimen to an erratic schedule, which often saw him beginning recording sessions in the middle of the night and with any number of guests.

Chandler also expressed exasperation at the number of times Hendrix would insist on rerecording particular tracks; the song "Gypsy Eyes" was reportedly recorded 43 times. This was also frustrating for bassist Noel Redding, who would often leave the studio to calm himself, only to return and find that Hendrix had recorded the bass parts himself during Redding's absence.

Electric Ladyland includes "Voodoo Chile (Slight Return)" as well as Hendrix's rendering of Bob Dylan's "All Along the Watchtower".^[86]

Throughout the four years of his fame, Hendrix often appeared at impromptu jams with various musicians, such as B.B. King.^[104] In March 1968, Jim Morrison of The Doors joined Hendrix onstage at New York's Scene Club. Albums of this Electric Ladyland-era bootleg recording were released under various titles, some falsely claiming the presence of Johnny Winter, who has denied, several times, being a participant at that jam session, and to ever having met Morrison.^[105]

Breakup of Jimi Hendrix Experience [link]

After a year based in the US, Hendrix temporarily moved back to London and into his girlfriend Kathy Etchingham's rented Brook Street flat, next door to the Handel House Museum, in the West End of London. During this time The Jimi Hendrix Experience toured Scandinavia, Germany, and included a final French concert. They later performed two sold-out concerts at London's Royal Albert Hall on February 18 and 24, 1969, which were the last European appearances of this line-up of the Jimi Hendrix Experience. A Gold and Goldstein-produced film titled Experience was also recorded at these two shows, which, according to Experience Hendrix LLC, "Elements of these recordings are sure to be utilized when the official release of this material is finally made".^[106]

Noel Redding felt increasingly frustrated by the fact that he was not playing his original and favored instrument, the guitar. In 1968, he decided to form his own band, Fat Mattress, which would sometimes open for the Experience (Hendrix would jokingly refer to them as "Thin Pillow").^{[citation needed]} Redding and Hendrix would begin seeing less and less of each other, which also had an effect in the studio, with Hendrix playing many of the bass parts on Electric Ladyland.

Fruitless recording sessions at Olympic in London; Olmstead and the Record Plant in New York that ended on April 9, which only produced a remake of "Stone Free" for a possible single release, were the last to feature Redding. Hendrix then flew Billy Cox to New York and started recording and rehearsing with him on April 21 as a replacement for Noel.^[107]

In a recorded interview by Nancy Carter on June 15 at his hotel in Los Angeles, Hendrix announced that he had been recording with Cox and that he would be replacing Noel as bass player in The Jimi Hendrix Experience.^[108]

The last Experience concert took place on June 29, 1969 at Barry Fey's Denver Pop Festival, a three-day event held at Denver's Mile High Stadium that was marked by police firing tear gas into the audience as they played "Voodoo Chile (Slight Return)". The band escaped from the venue in the back of a rental truck which was partly crushed by fans trying to escape the tear gas. The next day, Noel Redding announced that he had quit the Experience.^[109]

Gypsy Sun and Rainbows [link]

After the departure of Noel Redding from the group, Hendrix rented the eight-bedroom 'Ashokan House' in the hamlet of Boiceville^[110] near Woodstock in upstate New York, where he spent some time in mid-1969. Manager Michael Jeffery, who had a house in Woodstock, arranged the stay, with hopes that the respite would produce a new album. To replace Redding as bassist, Hendrix had been rehearsing and recording with Billy Cox, his old and trusted Army buddy, since at least April 21.^[111] Mitchell was unavailable to help fulfill Hendrix's commitments at this time, which include his first appearance on US TV – on the Dick Cavett show – where he was backed by the studio orchestra, and an appearance on The Tonight Show where he appeared with his new bass player Billy Cox, and session drummer Ed Shaughnessy sitting in for Mitchell.^[112]

Woodstock [link]

Main article: Woodstock

Jimi Hendrix Woodstock guitar

Hendrix was advertised to play the Woodstock Music Festival, along with many of the other biggest rock groups of the time. It was to take place on rented farmland in Upper State New York from August 15–18, 1969. Although Hendrix's music had been written for a power trio of guitar, bass, and drums, he wanted to expand his sound so he added rhythm guitarist Larry Lee (another old friend from his R&B days), and Juma Sultan and Jerry Velez to play congas. After drummer Mitch Mitchell arrived, this new lineup rehearsed for less than two weeks before the festival and according to Mitchell never really meshed. In addition, although Woodstock would become famous and mythologized through the documentary film of the same name, by the time of his performance, Hendrix had been up for three days, and his band was short on sleep as well, contributing a rawness to their filmed performance.^[113]^[114]

Before Hendrix even arrived at the festival he started to hear media reports that the crowds of kids showing up for the festival were swelling to biblical proportions, in addition to the emerging logistical problems being reported at the site. This gave Hendrix pause for concern since he did not like performing in front of very large crowds.^[115] Since he was considered an important draw for the festival, and because of his manager's negotiations, Hendrix was getting paid more than the other performers, (US$18,000, plus US$12,000 for rights to film him). As the scheduled time slot of Sunday night at midnight drew closer, Hendrix indicated that he would rather wait and close the show. A substantial rainstorm that day had delayed the schedule of performers, so when Hendrix insisted on being the closing headliner, it pushed back the time when they finally hit the stage – which ended up being 8:30 am Monday morning. The audience which had peaked at an estimated 400,000 people during the festival, was now reduced to about 30–40,000 by that point; many of whom merely waited to catch a glimpse of Hendrix before leaving during his show.^[115] This reflected the reality that by the third day attendees had been sleeping in muddy conditions with limited food.

Hendrix and his band were introduced by the festival MC, Chip Monck, as "The Jimi Hendrix Experience", but once on stage Hendrix clarified saying, "We decided to change the whole thing around and call it 'Gypsy Sun and Rainbows'. For short, it's nothin but a 'Band of Gypsys'"^[116] He then launched into a two hour set, the longest of his career. Hendrix started off with a new song, "Message to Love". (His Woodstock set consisting of new material, along with his well-known hits).

Hendrix's psychedelic rendition of the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner" occurred about 3/4 into their set (after which he morphed into "Purple Haze"). The song had actually been part of his set for a year and he had already performed it on at least three different occasions. During the number, Hendrix used feedback and sustain on his guitar to recreate the sound of wails and falling rockets. Although pundits quickly branded the song as a political manifesto against the Vietnam War, Hendrix himself never explained its meaning other than to say at a press conference three weeks later, "We're all Americans. . .it was like 'Go America!'. . .We play it the way the air is in America today. The air is slightly static, see".^[117] The song would become "part of the sixties Zeitgeist" as it was captured forever in the Woodstock film;^[118] Hendrix's image performing this number during the day wearing a blue-beaded white leather jacket with fringe and a red head scarf, has since been regarded as a defining moment of the 1960s.^[115]^[119]^[120]

Hendrix performed "Hey Joe" as the encore to finish off their set which concluded the 3½ day Woodstock Music Festival. Upon leaving the stage, Hendrix collapsed from exhaustion.^[121]

After Woodstock, this particular lineup of the band appeared on only two more occasions. The first was a street benefit in Harlem where, in a scenario similar to the festival, most of the audience had left and only a fraction remained by the time Hendrix took the stage. Within seconds of Hendrix arriving at the site two youths had stolen his guitar from the back seat of his car, although it was later recovered. The band's only other appearance was at the Salvation club in Greenwich Village, New York. After some studio recordings, Hendrix disbanded the group. Some of this band's recordings can be heard on the MCA Records box set The Jimi Hendrix Experience and on South Saturn Delta. Their final work together was a session on September 6.^[122] Hendrix's September 9 appearance on TV's The Dick Cavett Show, backed by Cox, Mitchell and Juma Sultan, was credited as the "Jimi Hendrix Experience".^[123]

Band of Gypsys [link]

In 1967, a contractual dispute arose in relation to an agreement Hendrix had entered into with producer Ed Chalpin in 1965.^[124] The resolution for the dispute included Hendrix having to record an LP of new material for Chalpin company, which would not feature the Experience band, and would not be associated with the Experience band name. In addition, Chalpin was granted 2% of profits from Hendrix's back catalog sold in US. For the agreed upon album, Hendrix chose to record Band of Gypsys, a live album.^[125]

Along with Billy Cox and drummer Buddy Miles (formerly with Wilson Pickett and The Electric Flag) with whom he had been jamming together since September, Hendrix wrote and rehearsed material which they then performed at a series of four concerts over two nights, New Year's Eve and New Year's Day at Fillmore East. The second night produced the material for the Band Of Gypsys LP, which was produced by Hendrix (under the name "Heaven Research").^{[citation needed]}

The Band of Gypsys LP was the only official completely live LP released in Hendrix's lifetime. The band also released a single "Stepping Stone" which failed to sell, and recorded several studio songs slated for Hendrix's future LP. In 1999, the tapes from the four Fillmore concerts were remastered and additional tracks and edits were released as Live at the Fillmore East. Litigation with Chalpin ended in 2007 after the "singularly uncredible witness" was fined nearly US$900,000 for failure to abide by contractual limitations and failure to pay Experience Hendrix L.L.C. its court ordered royalties.

On January 26 and 27, 1970, Mitch Mitchell and Noel Redding flew into New York and signed contracts with Jeffery for the upcoming Jimi Hendrix Experience tour. The next day, a second and final Band of Gypsys appearance occurred at a twelve-act show in Madison Square Garden which was a benefit for the anti-Vietnam War Moratorium Committee, titled the "Winter Festival for Peace". Similar to Woodstock, set delays forced Hendrix to take the stage at an inopportune 3 am, only this time he was obviously in no shape to play. He played "Who Knows" before snapping a vulgar response at a woman who shouted a request for "Foxy Lady". He played a second song, "Earth Blues", he then told the audience: "That's what happens when earth fucks with space—never forget that".^[126] He then sat down on the drum riser for a minute and then walked off stage. Various unverifiable assertions have been proffered to explain this bizarre scene. Buddy Miles claimed that manager Michael Jeffery dosed Hendrix with LSD in an effort to sabotage the current band and bring about the return of the Experience lineup,^[127] but none of Hendrix's other close associates verifies his statement.

Cry of Love tour [link]

A week after the botched Band of Gypsys show, Hendrix, Mitch Mitchell and Noel Redding gave an interview to Rolling Stone for the upcoming tour dates as a reunited Jimi Hendrix Experience. But Redding never even got to rehearse, as Hendrix just continued to work with Billy Cox. Noel was not told he was not going to be playing until the pretour rehearsals. Fans refer to this final "Jimi Hendrix Experience" lineup as the "Cry of Love" band, named after The Cry of Love Tour to distinguish it from the original. Billy Cox has countered on several occasions that this lineup considered themselves "The Jimi Hendrix Experience" before they even went on tour and that any other title is bogus. All billing, adverts, tickets etc. on the tour used "Jimi Hendrix Experience" or occasionally, as previously, just "Jimi Hendrix".

Two of Hendrix's later recordings were the lead guitar parts on "Old Times Good Times" from Stephen Stills hit eponymous album (1970), and on "The Everlasting First" from Arthur Lee's new incarnation of Love, not so successful and aptly named LP False Start both tracks were recorded with these old friends on a fleeting and unexplained visit to London in March 1970, following Kathy Etchingham's marriage.^[128]

He spent the next four months of 1970 working on his next LP tentatively titled First Rays of the New Rising Sun, recording during the week and playing live on the weekends. The Cry of Love tour, launched that April at the L.A. Forum, was partly undertaken to earn money to repay the Warner Bros. loan for completing his Electric Lady Studios. Performances on this tour featured Hendrix, Cox, and Mitchell playing new material alongside older audience favorites. The American leg of the tour included 30 performances and ended at Honolulu, Hawaii on August 1, 1970. A number of these shows were recorded and produced some of Hendrix's most memorable live performances. At one of them, the Second Atlanta International Pop Festival (1970), on July 4, Hendrix played to the largest American audience of his career.^[129]

Electric Lady Studios [link]

In 1968, Hendrix and Jeffery had invested jointly in the purchase of the Generation Club in Greenwich Village. Their initial plans to reopen the club were scrapped when the pair decided that the investment would serve them much better as a recording studio. The studio fees for the lengthy Electric Ladyland sessions were astronomical, and Hendrix was constantly in search of a recording environment that suited him. In August 1970, Electric Lady Studios was opened in New York.

Designed by architect and acoustician John Storyk, the studio was made specifically for Hendrix, with round windows and a machine capable of generating ambient lighting in a myriad of colors. It was designed to have a relaxing feel to encourage Hendrix's creativity, but at the same time provide a professional recording atmosphere. Engineer Eddie Kramer upheld this by refusing to allow any drug use during session work.

Hendrix spent only two and a half months recording in Electric Lady, most of which took place while the final phases of construction were still ongoing. Following a recording/dubbing session on August 26, an opening party was held later that day.^[130] He then boarded an Air India flight for London with Billy Cox, joining Mitch Mitchell to perform at the Isle of Wight Festival.

European tour [link]

The group then commenced the European leg of the tour. Longing for his new studio and creative outlets, the tour was a commitment that Hendrix was not eager to perform. In Aarhus, Hendrix abandoned his show after only two songs, remarking: "I've been dead a long time". In the months before Hendrix's death, a British music paper alleged that Hendrix had plans to join the band Emerson, Lake & Palmer.^[131] On September 6, 1970, his final concert performance, Hendrix was greeted with some booing and jeering by fans at the Isle of Fehmarn Festival in Germany, due to his non-appearance at the end of the previous night's bill (due to the torrential rain and risk of electrocution). Several acts played after he left the stage; later, part of the stage was burnt during the first stage appearance of Ton Steine Scherben. Billy Cox quit the tour and headed home to Memphis, Tennessee, reportedly suffering paranoia after taking LSD or being given it unknowingly, earlier in the tour.^[132] A live recording of the concert was later released as Live at the Isle of Fehmarn.

Hendrix returned to London, where he reportedly spoke to Chas Chandler, Eric Burdon, and others about leaving his manager, Michael Jeffery. Hendrix's last public performance was an informal jam at Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club in Soho with Burdon and his latest band, War. Much of this was recorded on a Sony cassette recorder by Bill Baker, of Shepherds Bush, London, then aged 20, who was present throughout the entire performance. Two Hendrix tracks from this recording, "Mother Earth" and "Tobacco Road", were later included, without permission from Baker, on a bootleg LP, Can You Please Crawl Out Your Window?, produced in the mid-to-late 1970s, and on an audio tape of poor quality that went into circulation some years later. It was not until 2009, however, that the entire recording entered general circulation within the collecting community. This was remastered in California in December 2010 and includes tracks from the same night's performance by Eric Burdon's War. This is the last known recording of Jimi Hendrix, who died approximately 24 hours later.^[133]

Death [link]

The two buildings which composed the Samarkand Hotel. Hendrix died in one of the two basement apartments which were accessed from one of the two exterior steps in front of the buildings

Early on September 18, 1970, Jimi Hendrix died in London. He had spent the latter part of the previous evening at a party and was picked up at close to 3:00 by girlfriend Monika Dannemann and driven to her flat at the Samarkand Hotel, 22 Lansdowne Crescent, Notting Hill. From autopsy data and statements by friends about the evening of September 17, it has been estimated that he died sometime after 3:00, possibly before 4:00, but also possibly later, though no estimate was made at the autopsy, or inquest.^[134]

Dannemann claimed in her original testimony that after they returned to her lodgings the evening before, Hendrix, unknown to her, had taken nine of her prescribed Vesparax sleeping pills. The normal medical dose was a half to one tablet as stated in the literature, but Hendrix was unfamiliar with this very strong Belgian brand. According to surgeon John Bannister, the doctor who initially attended to him, Hendrix had asphyxiated in his own vomit, mainly red wine which had filled his airways.^[135] Bannister's statement was made in January 1992 to Harry Shapiro, co-author of Electric Gypsy, a book which also featured accusations of malpractice by Monika Dannemann in regards to Bannister's not performing a tracheotomy on Hendrix. He appears to have been using the amount of wine in his system as a reason for not performing a tracheotomy. He was reprimanded for two counts of medical malpractice, and struck off the medical register on April 28, 1992 for fraud.^[136] No one else at the time, the other two doctors, the ambulance men, or the police mentioned wine. The only mention of wine was by Monika much earlier, in Electric Gypsy (which Bannister had read), and that Hendrix had drunk some with food earlier that evening and also by Harvey at his, again, much earlier party, which were both several hours prior to death. The autopsy found very little alcohol in his system. The autopsy never mentioned wine, only vomited matter.^[137]

Until her death, Dannemann publicly claimed that she had only discovered that her lover had been sick at 11:00 am, but he was breathing, though unconscious and unresponsive (The ambulance was called at 11:18 and arrived 11:27). And that Hendrix was alive when placed in the back of the ambulance at approximately 11:30, and that she rode with him on the way to the hospital.^[138]

The ambulance crew later denied she was even there; additionally, Dannemann's comments about the timing of some events that morning often differed in places, varying from interview to interview.^[139]

Police and ambulance statements reveal that there was no one but Hendrix in the flat when they arrived at 11:27 am, and not only was he dead when they arrived on the scene, but was fully clothed and had been dead for some time.^[140]

Later, Dannemann claimed that former road managers Gerry Stickels and Eric Barrett had been present before the ambulance was called.^{[citation needed]} and had removed some of Hendrix's possessions, including some of his most recent messages. Lyrics written by Hendrix, which were found in the apartment, led Eric Burdon to make a premature announcement on the BBC-TV program 24 Hours that he believed Hendrix had committed suicide. Burdon often claimed he had been telephoned by Dannemann after she discovered that Hendrix failed to wake up.^[141]

In 1996, Monika Dannemann committed suicide shortly after being found guilty of contempt of court for repeating a libel against Kathy Etchingham, who had been a girlfriend of Hendrix in the 1960s.^[142]

Allegations of murder [link]

A former Animals "roadie", James "Tappy" Wright, published a book in May 2009 claiming Hendrix's manager, Mike Jeffery, admitted to him that he had Hendrix killed because the rock star wanted to end his management contract.^[143] John Bannister, one of the doctors who attended to him in 1970 stated in 2009 that it "sounded plausible".^[144] Bannister was struck off the Medical register in 1992 for fraud.^[144] In 2011 Bob Levine, Wright's long term business associate and Mike Jeffery's assistant manager in N.Y., said he knows that Wright made up these stories to sell his book, that Jeffery didn't have insurance on Hendrix, but that he merely countersigned the Warner Bros. policy that Warner's had taken out as standard practice.^[145]

"There was a freak storm across Mallorca and all the phone lines were down. Somebody told Mike that Jimi had been trying to phone him. The first call that got through was to say Jimi was dead. Mike was terribly upset at the thought of Jimi not being able to get through to him." – Trixie Sullivan, secretary/assistant for Mike Jeffery^[146]

Fashion [link]

A pair of Hendrix's bell-bottoms on display at the Hard Rock Cafe, Hollywood

Hendrix was well known for his unique sense of fashion and wardrobe and his Dylan-esque (c. 1966) hairstyle. A set of hair curlers was one of the few possessions that traveled with him to England when he was first discovered in 1966. When his first advance check arrived, Hendrix immediately took to the streets of London in search of clothing at famous boutiques like I Was Lord Kitchener's Valet and Granny Takes a Trip, both of which specialized in vintage fashion. He purchased at least two army dress uniform jackets including a (possibly antique) jacket styled in imitation of a Hussar's pelisse, adorned with tasseled ropes. A group of policemen once ordered him to remove the other, a Royal Veterinary Corps dress jacket, saying it was an offense to the men who had worn it.^[147]

Many photographs of Hendrix show him wearing various scarves, rings, medallions, and brooches, and in the early days occasionally badges (pins or buttons) that professed his support for the hippie movement or his fascination with Bob Dylan. He initially wore a dark suit and plain silk shirts that progressively became "louder" and more psychedelically patterned. He later favored a bright blue velvet suit, then a bright red one, antique military dress jackets, a very broadly striped suit, psychedelically patterned silk jackets, various exotic waistcoats and brightly colored flared trousers. At Monterey, he wore a hand-painted silk jacket by Chris Jagger (Mick Jagger's brother) and a bright pink feather boa. In late 1967 he started to wear a wide-brimmed Western style hat (brand name "The Westerner").^[148] It was adorned with a narrow purple band and various brooches, as shown in the original Jimi Plays Monterey film. This hat was stolen in 1968, and replaced later with another, crowned variously with a longer purple scarf, a star-like brooch in front and a set of silver bangles, sometimes with an angled feather, though he went hatless for protracted periods after this.

From late 1968 he began tying scarves to one leg and one arm, and in mid-1969 he gave up the hat for bandanas. He started wearing increasingly fantastic custom-made stage costume with long trailing sleeves, culminating in his African-styled "Fire Angel" outfit that he wore throughout most of his final "Cry Of Love" tour, until it began to come apart during the Isle of Wight concert. He appeared in this outfit only once more (in just the jacket) at the disastrous concert in Aarhus, Denmark. His only non-work-related vacation was a two-week trip to Morocco in July 1969 with friends Colette Mimram, Stella Benabou (the then-wife of producer Alan Douglas), and Deering Howe. Upon his return Hendrix decorated his Greenwich Village apartment with Moroccan objets d'art and fabrics. Mimram and Benabou created some of Hendrix's most memorable later attire, the shortened blue kimono-style jacket that he wore in three TV appearances and the white fringed jacket, ornamented with blue glass beads, he wore at the Woodstock Festival.^[149]

Drug use and women [link]

File:Jimihendrix1969mug.jpg

His arrest photo in Canada. He was subsequently acquitted of the drug possession charges.

Hendrix is widely known for and associated with the use of psychedelic drugs, most notably lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), as were many other famous musicians and celebrities of that time. He supposedly had never taken psychedelic drugs until the night he met Linda Keith, but had smoked cannabis and drank alcohol previously. Amphetamines are also recorded as being used by Hendrix during tours. Hendrix was notorious among friends and bandmates for sometimes becoming angry and violent when he drank too much alcohol.^[150] Kathy Etchingham spoke of an incident that took place in a London pub in which an intoxicated Hendrix beat her with a public telephone handset because he thought she was calling another man on the pay phone.^[151] Carmen Borrero, another girlfriend, says she required stitches after he hit her with a bottle after drinking and becoming jealous.^[152] Alcohol was also cited as the cause of Hendrix's 1968 rampage that badly damaged a Stockholm hotel room and led to his arrest. Paul Caruso's friendship with Hendrix ended in 1970 when Hendrix, while under the influence, punched him and accused him of stealing from him.^[153]

On May 3, 1969, while checking through Canadian customs at Toronto Pearson International Airport, Hendrix was arrested when small amounts of heroin and hashish were found in his luggage. After being released on a CAN$10,000 cash bail the same day, only four hours before his show was to begin, (and being required to appear in court at a later date), the Experience were able to play their concert at Maple Leaf Gardens. In his trial defense, Hendrix claimed that the drugs were slipped into his bag by a fan without his knowledge. He was acquitted.^[154]

By all accounts he had casual sex with many women.^[155]

Gravesite [link]

The original gravestone of Jimi Hendrix, incorporated into the granite base of his memorial on which it is intended that a large brass statue will be installed.

The memorial gravesite of Jimi Hendrix in Renton, Washington

Hendrix's body was returned to Seattle and he was interred in Greenwood Memorial Park, Renton, Washington. As the popularity of Hendrix and his music grew over the decades following his death, concerns began to mount over fans damaging the adjoining graves at Greenwood, and the growing, extended Hendrix family further prompted his father to create an expanded memorial site separate from other burial sites in the park. The memorial was announced in late 1999, but Al Hendrix's deteriorating health led to delays and he died two months before its scheduled completion in 2002. Later that year, the remains of Jimi Hendrix, his father Al Hendrix, and grandmother Nora Rose Moore Hendrix were moved to the new site. The headstone contains a depiction of a Fender Stratocaster guitar, the instrument he was most famous for using —– although the guitar is shown right-side up, rather than the way Hendrix played it, upside down (left-handed).

The memorial is a granite dome supported by three pillars under which Jimi Hendrix and other family members are interred. Hendrix's autograph is inscribed at the base of each pillar, while two stepped entrances and one ramped entrance provide access to the dome's center where the original Stratocaster adorned headstone has been incorporated into a statue pedestal. A granite sundial complete with brass gnomon adjoins the dome, along with over 50 family plots that surround the central structure, half of which are currently adorned with raised granite headstones.

To date,^[when?] the memorial remains incomplete: brass accents for the dome and a large brass statue of Hendrix were announced as being under construction in Italy, but since 2002 no information as to the status of the project has been revealed to the public. A memorial statue of Jimi playing a Stratocaster stands near the corner of Broadway and Pine Streets in Seattle.

In May 2006, the city of Seattle honored Hendrix with the renaming of a park near Seattle's Colman School in the Central District.^[156]

Recordings [link]

Hendrix's recordings were originally released in North America on Reprise Records (a division of Warner Communications) from 1967 until 1993 and were released internationally (outside of US and Canada) on Polydor Records. (Because it was recorded to settle a legal dispute, the Band of Gypsys album was released on Capitol Records in US and Canada.) British releases of all his albums up to and including The Cry Of Love were first issued on the independent label Track Records, which was originally created by the managers of The Who. The label was later absorbed by Polydor.

In 1994, the Hendrix family prevailed in its long standing legal attempt to gain control of Jimi's music, and subsequently licensed the recordings to MCA Records (later Universal Music) through the family-run company Experience Hendrix. In August 2009, Experience Hendrix announced that it had entered a new licensing agreement with Sony Music Entertainment's Legacy Recordings division which would take effect in 2010.

Unfinished work and posthumous releases [link]

Reports that Hendrix's tapes for a concept album Black Gold had been stolen and lost from the London flat, are incorrect. Hendrix gave those tapes to Mitch Mitchell at the Isle of Wight Festival three weeks prior to his death.^[157] They are now in the possession of Experience Hendrix LLC.

Hendrix's unfinished album was partly released as the 1971 title The Cry of Love. The album was well received and charted in several countries. However, the album's producers, Mitchell and Kramer, would later complain that they were unable to make use of all the tracks they wanted. This was due to some tracks being used for 1971's Rainbow Bridge and 1972's War Heroes for contractual reasons.

Material from The Cry of Love was rereleased in 1997 as First Rays of the New Rising Sun, along with the rest of the tracks that Mitchell and Kramer wanted to include.

Many of Hendrix's personal items, tapes, and many pages of lyrics and poems are now in the hands of private collectors and have attracted considerable sums at the occasional auctions.^[158] These materials surfaced after two employees, under the instructions of Mike Jeffery, removed items from Hendrix's Greenwich Village apartment following his death.

In 2010, Legacy Recordings and Experience Hendrix LLC launched the 2010 Jimi Hendrix Catalog Project, starting with the release of Valleys of Neptune in March.^[159] Legacy has also released deluxe CD/DVD editions of the Hendrix albums Are You Experienced, Axis: Bold As Love, Electric Ladyland and First Rays of the New Rising Sun, as well as the 1968 compilation album Smash Hits.^[159]

Legacy [link]

Musical [link]

Jimi Hendrix statue outside Dimbola Lodge

Hendrix synthesized many styles in creating his musical voice and his guitar style was unique, later to be abundantly imitated by others. Despite his hectic touring schedule and notorious perfectionism, he was a prolific recording artist and left behind more than 300 unreleased recordings.

His career and death grouped him with Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison and Brian Jones as one of the 27 Club, a group including iconic 1960s rock stars who suffered drug-related deaths at the age of 27 within a two year period, leaving legacies in death that have eclipsed the popularity and influence they experienced during their lifetimes.

Musically, Hendrix did much to further the development of the electric guitar's repertoire, establishing it as a unique sonic source, rather than merely an amplified version of the acoustic guitar. Likewise, his feedback, wah-wah and fuzz-laden soloing moved guitar distortion well beyond mere novelty, incorporating other effects pedals and units specifically designed for him by his sound technician Roger Mayer (such as the Octavia and Uni-Vibe) with dramatic results.

Hendrix affected popular music with similar profundity; along with earlier bands such as The Who and Cream, he established a sonically heavy yet technically proficient bent to rock music as a whole, significantly furthering the development of hard rock and paving the way for heavy metal. He took blues to another level. His music has also had a great influence on funk and the development of funk rock especially through the guitarists Ernie Isley of The Isley Brothers and Eddie Hazel of Funkadelic, Prince, John Frusciante former member of the Red Hot Chili Peppers and Jesse Johnson of The Time. His influence even extends to many hip hop artists, including Questlove, Chuck D of Public Enemy, Ice-T (who covered "Hey Joe" with his heavy metal band Body Count), El-P and Wyclef Jean. Miles Davis was also deeply impressed by Hendrix and compared his improvisational skills with those of saxophonist John Coltrane,^[160] and Davis would later want guitarists in his bands to emulate Hendrix.^[161] Hendrix was ranked number 3 on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock behind Black Sabbath and Led Zeppelin.

Hendrix's guitar style also had significant influence upon ZZ Top guitarist Billy Gibbons,^[162] fellow Texas guitar legend Stevie Ray Vaughan,^[163] and later on Metallica guitarist Kirk Hammett and Pearl Jam's Mike McCready, among others. Hendrix's influence is also evident in the musical styles of many prominent bassists such as Stanley Clarke,^[164] Jaco Pastorius,^[165] Billy Sheehan,^[166] and Les Claypool.^[167]

Hendrix was ranked number 3 on VH1's list of the 100 Greatest Artists of Rock N' Roll, behind the Rolling Stones and the Beatles. He has been voted by Rolling Stone, Guitar World, and a number of other magazines and polls as the best electric guitarist of all time. Conversely and with some modesty, Hendrix when asked in a Rolling Stone interview, "How does it feel to be the greatest guitarist in the world?", Hendrix replied, "I don't know, go ask Rory Gallagher."^[168]^[169]

In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked him number 6 on their list of the 100 greatest artists of all time.

Guitar World's readers voted six of Hendrix's solos among the top "100 Greatest" of all time: "Purple Haze" (70), "The Star-Spangled Banner" (52), "Machine Gun" (32), "Little Wing" (18), "Voodoo Child (Slight Return)" (11) and "All Along the Watchtower" (5).^[170]

In 1992, Hendrix was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

Financial and legal [link]

When Al Hendrix died of congestive heart failure in 2002, his will stipulated that Experience Hendrix, LLC was to exist as a trust designed to distribute profits to a list of Hendrix family beneficiaries. Upon his death, it was revealed that Al had signed a revision to his will which removed Hendrix's brother Leon Hendrix as a beneficiary. A 2004 probate lawsuit merged Leon's challenge to the will with charges from other Hendrix family beneficiaries that Janie Hendrix, Al's adopted daughter, was improperly handling the company finances. The suit argued that Janie and a cousin of Jimi Hendrix (Robert Hendrix) paid themselves exorbitant salaries and covered their own mortgages and personal expenses from the company's coffers while the beneficiaries went without payment and the Hendrix gravesite in Renton went uncompleted.

Janie and Robert's defense was that the company was not profitable yet, and that their salary and benefits were justified given the work that they put into running the company. Leon charged that Janie bilked Al Hendrix, then old and frail, into signing the revised will, and sought to have the previous will reinstated.^[171] The defense argued that Al willingly removed Leon from his will because of Leon's problems with alcohol and gambling. In early 2005, presiding judge Jeffrey Ramsdell handed down a ruling that left the final will intact, but replaced Janie and Robert's role at the financial helm of Experience Hendrix with an independent trustee.

On October 5, 2011 the U.S. Supreme Court heard arguments in a case Golan v. Holder concerning the 1994 U.S. federal law that protected foreign copyrights. At stake in the outcome of this case is whether previously unprotected foreign works could be suddenly copyrighted and withdrawn from public domain. In a hypothetical argument Justice John Roberts asked "what about Jimi Hendrix?" and if Hendrix's rendition of the "Star Spangled Banner" at Woodstock violated copyright protection or was protected under public domain. Solicitor General Donald Verrilli, who defended the 1994 law, stated "maybe Jimi Hendrix could claim fair use".^[172] The music of the "Star Spangled Banner" was composed by an English musician, John Stafford Smith in the mid 1760s. The lyrics of the "Star Spangled Banner" were written by American Francis Scott Key in 1814 and the song became America's National anthem in 1931.^[173]

The Jimi Hendrix Foundation [link]

In 1987, Leon Hendrix commissioned the James (Jimi) Marshall Hendrix Foundation. This foundation is based in Renton, Washington. Though run for some time by Jimi's brother Leon Hendrix, in August 2006 Leon asked a childhood friend of Jimi Hendrix – James (Jimmy) Williams, to take control of the Foundation.^[174]

Guitar [link]

Fender Stratocaster [link]

Hendrix owned and used a variety of guitars during his career. However, his guitar of choice (and the instrument that became most associated with him), was the Fender Stratocaster. He started playing the model in 1966 and thereafter used it prevalently in his stage performances and recordings.

Hendrix bought many Stratocasters and gave some away as gifts. The original sunburst Stratocaster that Hendrix burnt at the Astoria in 1967, and that he kept as a souvenir, was given to Frank Zappa by a Hendrix roadie at the 1968 Miami Pop Festival; Zappa assumed it was the one Hendrix had played there.^[175]

Hendrix used right-handed guitars, turned upside down and restrung for left-hand playing.^[176] This had an important effect on his guitar sound: because of the slant of the Strat's bridge pickup, his lowest string had a bright sound while his highest string had a mellow sound, the opposite of the Stratocaster's intended design.^[177] Heavy use of the tremolo bar necessitated frequent tuning; Hendrix often asked the audience for a "minute to tune up", as heard on many live bootlegs of his performances.

In addition to Stratocasters, Hendrix was also photographed playing Fender Jazzmasters, Duosonics, two different Gibson Flying Vs, a Gibson Les Paul, three Gibson SGs, a Gretsch Corvette he used at the 1967 Curtis Knight sessions and miming with a right-strung Fender Jaguar on the Top of the Pops TV show, as well as several other brands.^[178] Hendrix borrowed a Fender Telecaster from Noel Redding to record "Hey Joe" and "Purple Haze",^[179] used a white Gibson SG Custom for his performances on The Dick Cavett Show in the summer of 1969, and the Isle of Wight film shows him playing his second Gibson Flying V. While Jimi had previously owned a Flying V that he had painted with a psychedelic design, the Flying V used at the Isle of Wight was a unique custom left-handed guitar with gold plated hardware, a bound fingerboard and "split-diamond" fret markers that were not found on other 1960s-era Flying Vs.

On December 4, 2006, one of Hendrix's 1968 Fender Stratocaster guitars with a sunburst design was sold at a Christie's auction for US$168,000.^[180]

Other instruments [link]

Hendrix owned a Coral electric sitar that later wound up in the possession of Peter Frampton, who used it on tour during David Bowie's 1987 world tour.^[181]

Amplifiers and effects [link]

Hendrix was a catalyst in the development of modern guitar effects pedals. His high volume and use of feedback required robust and powerful amplifiers. For the first few rehearsals he used Vox and Fender amplifiers. Sitting in with Cream, Hendrix played through a new range of high-powered guitar amps being made by London drummer turned audio engineer Jim Marshall, and they proved perfect for his needs. Along with the Stratocaster, the Marshall stack and amplifiers were crucial in shaping his heavily overdriven sound, enabling him to master the use of feedback as a musical effect, and he created a "definitive vocabulary for rock guitar".^[182]

While his mainstays were the Arbiter Fuzz Face and a Vox wah-wah pedal,^[182] Hendrix experimented with guitar effects as well. He had a fruitful association with engineer Roger Mayer who later went on to make the Axis fuzz unit, the Octavia octave doubler and several other devices based on units Mayer had created or tweaked for Hendrix. The Japanese-made Uni-Vibe, designed to simulate the modulation effects of the rotating Leslie speaker, provided a rich phasing sound with a speed control pedal, and is heard on the Band of Gypsys track "Machine Gun", which highlights use of the Uni-Vibe, Octavia and Fuzz Face.

The Hendrix sound combined high volume and high power, feedback manipulation, and a range of cutting-edge guitar effects. He was also known for his trick playing, which included playing with only his right (fretting) hand and using his teeth or playing behind his back and between his legs. Hendrix had large hands and characteristically used his thumb to fret bass notes, leaving his fingers free to play melodic lines on top. A clear demonstration of this thumb technique can be witnessed in the Woodstock video; during the song "Red House" there are closeups of Hendrix's fretting hand.

Electric church [link]

"Electric Church" was a quasi-spiritual belief that electric music brings out emotions and creative ideas in people, and encourages spirituality. It was popularized by Jimi Hendrix.

On the Dick Cavett Show in 1969, Hendrix said that he designed his music so that it would be able to go "inside the soul of the person, and awaken some kind of thing inside, because there are so many sleeping people". Promoting his third album Electric Ladyland, Jimi Hendrix said "the influence the psychedelics have on one is truly amazing, and I only wish more people appreciated this belief and genre". When asked why he didn't name the album "Electric Church" instead of "Electric Ladyland", Hendrix said some ladies were "electric too".^[183]

Hendrix made numerous allusions to the concept in his music, most famously in the song "Red House", in which he introduces his band by saying that he is about to present them all to the "Electric Church".

Discography [link]

Main articles: Jimi Hendrix discography and Jimi Hendrix posthumous discography

The Jimi Hendrix Experience [link]

Jimi Hendrix/Band of Gypsys [link]

Band of Gypsys (1970) [recorded live]

References [link]

Notes

^ Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Caesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. St. Martin's Press. p. 7. ISBN 0-312-13062-7.
^ Jimi Hendrix, electric gypsy. Google Books. 1995. ISBN 978-0-312-13062-6. http://books.google.com/?id=JB1W2dn31rwC&pg=PA693&lpg=PA693&dq=jimi+hendrix+%22birth+certificate%22#v=onepage&q=jimi%20hendrix%20%22birth%20certificate%22&f=false. Retrieved September 18, 2010.
^ "Hendrix Voted World's Best Guitarist". Sky News. August 7, 2002. http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/Sky-News-Archive/Article/200806412071472. Retrieved April 11, 2009.
^ Bossy, Michel-André; Brothers, Thomas; McEnroe. John C. (2001). Artists, Writers, and Musicians: An Encyclopedia of People Who Changed the World. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-57356-154-9. http://books.google.com/?id=r0SOzr_0Ya4C&pg=PA85&dq=Jimi+Hendrix+widely+considered.
^ Burrell, Ian (August 28, 2003). "Hendrix hits top note again as best guitarist in history". The Independent (London). http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/hendrix-hits-top-note-again-as-best-guitarist-in-history-537325.html. Retrieved April 11, 2009.
^ Kincheloe, Joe L.; Horn, Raymond A. (2008). The Praeger handbook of education and psychology. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 849. ISBN 978-0-313-34057-4. http://books.google.com/?id=ZDRUDrFdSIsC&pg=PA848&dq=Jimi+Hendrix+widely+considered.
^ "Jimi Hendrix". Encyclopædia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/261208/Jimi-Hendrix. Retrieved April 11, 2009.
^ Shore, Robert (September 4, 2008). "Music extra: jazz". Metro.co.uk. Associated Newspapers Ltd. http://www.metro.co.uk/metrolife/294536-music-extra-jazz. Retrieved October 27, 2011.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 92. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Egan, Sean (2002). "interview with Lonnie Youngblood". The Making of Are You Experienced. A Cappella books.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 39. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Blues CD, MCA, sleeve notes by Jeff Hannusch, p. 2.
^ A Film About Jimi Hendrix deluxe ed. DVD, Warner Bros. sp. feat: From The Ukelele to the Strat, Faye Pridgeon Interview.
^ White, Charles (2003), pp. 125–132. The Life and Times of Little Richard: The Authorised Biography. Omnibus Press.
^ White (2003), pp. 249–51.
^ ^a ^b "Little Richard Timeline". Inductees. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. http://rockhall.com/inductees/little-richard/timeline/.
^ White (2003), p. 228.
^ "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". Rolling Stone. August 27, 2003. http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5937559/the_100_greatest_guitarists_of_all_time. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked him number 6 on their list of the 100 greatest artists of all time.[4]
^ Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Caesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. St. Martin's Press. pp. 8–9. ISBN 0-312-13062-7.
^ Steven Roby (2002). Black Gold: The Lost Archives of Jimi Hendrix. Billboard Books. ISBN 0-8230-7854-X.
^ The Blood of Entertainers: The Life and Times of Jimi Hendrix's Paternal Grandparents | The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed
^ "Being and Belonging – Indivisble – African-Native American Lives in the Americas". National Museum of the American Indian. http://www.nmai.si.edu/exhibitions/indivisible/being.html. Retrieved January 16, 2012.
^ Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Caesar (1995 Updated edition). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. St. Martin's Press. pp. 5–6, 13.. ISBN 0-312-13062-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=JB1W2dn31rwC&lpg=PP1&dq=jimi%20hendrix&pg=PA6#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved September 30, 2011.
^ Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Caesar (1995 Updated edition). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. St. Martin's Press. p. 12. ISBN 0-312-13062-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=JB1W2dn31rwC&lpg=PP1&dq=jimi%20hendrix&pg=PA12#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved September 30, 2011.
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. p. 20. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Caesar (1995 Updated edition). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. St. Martin's Press. p. 13. ISBN 0-312-13062-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=JB1W2dn31rwC&lpg=PP1&dq=jimi%20hendrix&pg=PA13#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved September 30, 2011.
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. p. 17. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. p. 23. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. pp. 22–25. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ ^a ^b Hendrix, James A. (1999). My Son Jimi. AlJas Enterprises.
^ "Vital Event Index". BC Archives. http://search.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/sn-6BB6A4/query/Deaths/find-adv%2B%20place%3D(vancouver)%20AND%20surname%3D(hendrix)%20%2B%2B%2B%2B. Retrieved January 16, 2008.
^ Hendrix, James A. (1999). My Son Jimi. AlJas Enterprises. p. 50.
^ ^a ^b Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. p. 32. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. pp. 32,179,308. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. pp. 50,127. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6. http://books.google.com/books?ei=tFq5T4LBNIGC2wXS46SpCQ&id=ZSgUAQAAIAAJ&dq=jimi+hendrix+room+full+of+mirrors&q=childhood+sexual+abuse..#search_anchor.
^ Shapiro, H. & Glebbeek , C; Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy.
^ Cross, Charles R. (2005). Room Full Of Mirrors: A Biography Of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion Books. pp. 33–41. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Willix, Mary (1995). Jimi Hendrix, Voices from home. Creative Forces. p. 167. ISBN 0-9645064-0-8.
^ Hopkins, Jerry (1983). The Jimi Hendrix Experience. pp. 36–37.
^ J. A. Hendrix, 1999, My Son Jimi, p. 113.
^ Shapiro, Harry (1983). Jimi Hendrix. Electric Gypsy. W. Heinemann Ltd.. pp. 28–29. ISBN 0-312-13062-7.
^ Willix, Mary (1995). Jimi Hendrix. Voices From Home. Creative Forces Pub.. pp. 57, 63, 95, 137. ISBN 0-9645064-0-8.
^ Hendrix, James A.; Jas Obrecht (1999). My Son Jimi. AlJas Enterprises. p. 122. ISBN 0-9667857-1-1.
^ Deloria, Philip (2002). "Voodoo Child: Jimi Hendrix and the Politics of Race in the Sixties". In Inglis, Ian; Doyle, Michael William. Imagine Nation: The American Counterculture of the 1960s and 1970s. New York: Routledge. p. 192. ISBN 0-415-93039-1
^ J. A. Hendrix, 1999, My Son Jimi, p. 126.
^ Cross, Charles R. (2005). Room Full Of Mirrors: A Biography Of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion Books. pp. 73–74. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ "Jimi's Private Parts". The Smoking Gun. http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/0803051jimi1.html.
^ Roby, Steven (2002). Black Gold. Billboard Books. p. 15. ISBN 0-8230-7854-X.
^ Dick Cavett (September 9, 1969). Jimi Hendrix. The Dick Cavett Show (DVD). Universal Island.
^ Cross, Charles R. (2005). Room Full Of Mirrors: A Biography Of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion Books. p. 97. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Melody Maker, January 3, 1969
^ "Climbing Aboard 'Night Train to Nashville'". Country Music Television. 2004. http://www.cmt.com/artists/news/1485999/03262004/hendrix_jimi.jhtml.
^ Prato, Greg. "Billy Cox. Biography". Allmusicguide.com. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070930035419/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p67012/biography. Retrieved February 12, 2008.
^ Woodstock DVD interview with Lee & Cox.
^ "A Film About Jimi Hendrix" DVD Cox interview.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. pp. 42–43. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 44. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Kayce, Aaron (2007). "Tommy Chong: From Guitar to Bong". Harp. HarpMagazine.com. http://www.harpmagazine.com/articles/detail.cfm?article_id=6162. Retrieved September 24, 2007.
^ Caesar Glebeek (2005). Uni-Vibes #5. Warner Brothers. pp. 4–5.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 50. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Joe Boyd (1973). A Film About Jimi Hendrix. Warner Brothers.
^ Shapiro 1991, p. 82.
^ Brown 1992, p. 29.
^ Black 1999, p. 33.
^ Roby 2002, p. 31.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 54. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. Backbeat Books. p. 11. ISBN 0-87930-938-5.
^ White (2003), p. 132.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 55. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ 45 record label composer credit, My Diary by Arthur Lee, Revis Records, 1964.
^ ^a ^b Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. pp. 56–57. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Jimi Hendrix the studio log (2008 ed.) by Geldeart & Rodham, Jimpress, 2007, p. 21.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 57. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Shapiro and Glebeek, 1990, Electric Gypsy, p. 95.
^ Cross, Charles R. (2005). Room Full Of Mirrors: A Biography Of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion Books. p. 120. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ "BLABBERMOUTH.NET – JIMI HENDRIX Litigation Results In Contempt Order, Judgment Payment". Roadrunnerrecords.com. http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=70391. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
^ McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. Backbeat Books. p. 15. ISBN 0-87930-938-5.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 69. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. Backbeat Books. pp. 16–17. ISBN 0-87930-938-5.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 71. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Gary Geldeart & Steve Rodham (2008). Jimi Hendrix The Studio Log. Jimpress. pp. 22–24.
^ Hendrix's band, The Blue Flame, came to be mistakenly labeled as Jimmy James and the Blue Flames after Hendrix's rise to fame. The misnomer was repeated enough times to be considered a factoid. The only surviving advert for the band, however, billed them as The Blue Flame. Hendrix himself referred to the band as The Blue Flame in his 1969 interview with Nancy Carter, as did John Hammond. Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 77. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Vic Lewin & Tony Brown. "Jimi's Kids". Members.tripod.com. http://wallyrus.tripod.com/JimisKids.html. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
^ Steve Roby (2002). Black Gold. billboard books. pp. 53–56.
^ "Jimi Hendrix Biography | The Official Jimi Hendrix Site". Jimihendrix.com. http://www.jimihendrix.com/us/jimi. Retrieved September 18, 2010.
^ ^a ^b Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 53 – String Man. : UNT Digital Library" (audio). Pop Chronicles. Digital.library.unt.edu. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc19835/m1/.
^ Kathy Etchingham and Andrew Crofts (1998). Through Gypsy Eyes. Orion.
^ American Landing DVD, Experience Hendrix, 2008.
^ Woodstock DVD, Experience Hendrix, 2005.
^ Melody Maker, (cover) 'Hendrix: 'Clean Act' Saturday April 8, 1967.
^ J McDemott with E Kramer (1992). Setting the record straight. Little Brown. p. 82.
^ "Sing Loffe Sing – The Curious Recording Career of Janne Carlsson". Vinyl Vulture. Archived from the original on December 31, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071231164328/http://www.vinylvulture.co.uk/features/loffe.php.
^ Cross, Charles R. (2005). Room Full Of Mirrors: A Biography Of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion Books. pp. 342–343. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Astro Man box set, Alchemy Records, 2003.
^ Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 47 – Sergeant Pepper at the Summit: The very best of a very good year. [Part 3] : UNT Digital Library" (audio). Pop Chronicles. Digital.library.unt.edu. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc19815/m1/.
^ Watson, Ben (1996). Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play. St. Martin's Press. p. 88. ISBN 0-312-14124-6.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 177. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Potash, Chris (1996). The Jimi Hendrix Companion. Schirmer Books. p. 89.
^ McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie (1992). Hendrix, Setting The Record Straight. Grand Central Publishing. p. 103. ISBN 0-446-39431-9.
^ McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (1995). Jimi Hendrix, Sessions. Little, Brown & Co.. pp. 45–46. ISBN 0-316-55546-0.
^ Jimpress edited by Steve Rodham, No. 65 1999, cover and p. 4.
^ Caesar Glebeek, Uni-Vibes, No. 24, 1996, p. 23.
^ Shapiro & Glebeek (1990). Electric Gypsy. William Heinemann Ltd.. pp. 238–240.
^ Glebbeek, Casar (May 5, 1994). "B.B. King On Jimi". Uni-Vibes No. 14. http://www.univibes.com/BBKing_on_Jimi.html. Retrieved September 22, 2010
^ Uni-Vibes No. 4, Caesar Glebeek, 1991, p. 30.
^ "Experience Hendrix – Letters & FAQs". http://www.jimihendrix.com/us/magazine/faqs/faqs%2C0041.html. Retrieved September 22, 2010. ^{[dead link]}
^ Gary Gealdart & Steve Rodham (2008). The Studio Log. p. 74.
^ Gary Gealdart & Steve Rodham (2008). From The Benjamin Franklin Studios Part 1. p. 318.
^ Bob Wyman. "Jimi Hendrix plays The Denver Pop Festival June 29, 1969". http://www.bobwyman.com/hendrix.html. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
^ Caesar Glebbeek (2004). Uni-Vibes. p. 23.
^ Gary Geldeart & Steve Rodham (2008). The Studio Log (2008 ed). p. 74.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 191. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Keith Shadwick (2003). Jimi Hendrix Musician. Backbeat books, London. pp. 193–196. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. pp. 267–72. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ ^a ^b ^c Harry Shapiro; Caesar Glebbeek (1995). Jimi Hendrix, Electric Gypsy. Macmillan. pp. 384–85. ISBN 978-0-312-13062-6. http://books.google.com/books?id=JB1W2dn31rwC&pg=PA384. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. p. 270. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. p. 271. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Cross, p. 272
^ Daley, Mark (2006). "Land of the Free. Jimi Hendrix: Woodstock Festival, August 18, 1969". In Inglis, Ian. Performance And Popular Music: History, Place And Time. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. p. 57. ISBN 0-7546-4057-4
^ As a side note: In 2010, when a federal court of appeals decided on whether online sharing of a music recording constituted "performance", they cited Hendrix in their decision stating: "Jimmy Hendrix memorably (or not, depending on one's sensibility) offered a 'rendition' of the Star-Spangled Banner at Woodstock when he performed it aloud in 1969". United States v. ASCAP(In re Application of RealNetworks, Inc. and Yahoo! Inc.), 627 F.3d 64 (2d Cir. 2010).
^ Charles Cross (2005). Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion, New York. p. 272. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ The Studio Log, Gary Geldeart & Steve Rodham.
^ DVD The Dick Cavett Show, Experience Hendrix.
^ Lawrence, Sharon (January 20, 2005). Jimi Hendrix: the man, the magic .... Google Books. ISBN 978-0-06-056299-1. http://books.google.com/?id=x6Rk7XPmUzYC&pg=PA34&lpg=PA34&dq=%22ed+chalpin%22+hendrix&q=%22ed%20chalpin%22%20hendrix. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
^ Oscar J. Jordan III. "Jimi Hendrix and The Band of Gypsys or That's What Happens When Earth Fucks With Space". Soul-Patrol.com. http://www.soul-patrol.com/funk/jh_bog.htm. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
^ Roby, Steve (2002). Black Gold. Billboard Books. p. 159.
^ Roby, Steve (2002). Black Gold. Billboard Books. pp. 159–160.
^ Harry Shapiro & Caesar Glebbeek (1990). Electric Gypsy. p. 420.
^ Mankin, Bill (March 4, 2012). "We Can All Join In: How Rock Festivals Helped Change America". Like the Dew. http://likethedew.com/2012/03/04/we-can-all-join-in-how-rock-festivals-helped-change-america/. Retrieved March 18, 2012.
^ The Studio Log, Gary Geldeart & Steve Rodham 2008 ed. p. 110.
^ "Emerson, Lake & Palmer official website". emersonlakepalmer.com. Archived from the original on December 24, 2005. http://web.archive.org/web/20051224183052/http://www.emersonlakepalmer.com/bio.html. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
^ Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 240. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
^ Interview With Bill Baker: Taper Of Ronnie Scott's Club Jam 9-17-70
^ Tony Brown (pub. =). Hendrix The Final Days. p. 164.
^ The Final Days, Tony Brown excerpt quoted in http://woodstockhendrix.gobot.com/about.html
^ The Supreme Court Of New South Wales Court Of Appeal (pub. = April 30,). Bannister V Walton. p. 1.
^ Tony Brown (pub. =). Hendrix The Final Days. pp. 158–161.
^ Tony Brown (pub. =). Hendrix The Final Days. p. 135.
^ Cross, Charles R. (2005). Room Full Of Mirrors: A Biography Of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion Books. p. 334. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ Tony Brown (pub. =). Hendrix The Final Days. pp. 136–137.
^ Cross, Charles R. (2005). Room Full Of Mirrors: A Biography Of Jimi Hendrix. Hyperion Books. p. 335. ISBN 1-4013-0028-6.
^ "A rock legend unto herself". The Independent (UK). May 1, 1996. http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/a-rock-legend-unto-herself-1345098.html. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
^ James Tapper (May 31, 2009). "Jimmy Hendrix 'was murdered' by his manager, claims roadie". Daily Mail (London). http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1189805/Hendrix-murdered-manager-claims-roadie.html.
^ ^a ^b Hoyle, Ben (July 20, 2009). "Doctor who tried to resuscitate Jimi Hendrix says murder claim plausible". The Times (London). http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article6719597.ece. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
^ Bosso, Joe (May 26, 2011). ""Jimi Hendrix was not murdered by his manager" says former business partner". musicradar.com (Florida). http://www.musicradar.com/news/guitars/jimi-hendrix-wasnt-murdered-by-his-manager-says-former-business-partner-453035. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
^ Shapiro, H. & Glebbeek, C (1995). Jimi Hendrix: Electric Gypsy. p. 468.
^ Etchingham, K. (1998). Through Gipsy Eyes. V. Gollancz. p. 71.
^ "EXHIBITIONS – Past Exhibitions". empsfm.org. http://www.empsfm.org/exhibitions/index.asp?categoryID=20&ccID=50. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
^ A film about Jimi Hendrix, from the ukelele to the strat.
^ Jimi Hendrix, Electric Gypsy. Hienemann. 1990.
^ Through Gypsy Eyes. Orion. 1998.
^ Uni-Vibes No. 32 |C Glebeek. 1999.
^ Experience Hendrix Vol3 No. 6. 2000.
^ "Hollywood Most Wanted". hollywoodmostwanted.com. Archived from the original on June 3, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080603074126/http://www.hollywoodmostwanted.com/jimihendrix.shtml. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
^ Dennis Hall, Susan G. Hall (2006). "American icons: an encyclopedia of the people, places, and things that have shaped our culture". Greenwood Publishing Group. p.326. ISBN 0-275-98429-X
^ "Jimi Hendrix Park". City of Seattle. http://www.seattle.gov/parks/park_detail.asp?ID=3121. Retrieved September 22, 2010.
^ Benjamin Franklin studios, Appendix C, The Black Gold Suite.
^ Shapiro, Harry; Caesar Glebeek (1990). Electric Gypsy. Heinemann. p. 481.
^ ^a ^b Prince, David J. "Jimi Hendrix Explores New 'Valleys'". billboard.com. January 11, 2010.
^ Davis, Miles; with Quincy Troupe (1989). Miles. The Autobiography. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 282–283. ISBN 0-330-31382-7.
^ Davis, with Troupe (1989), Miles, pp. 319–320; 374.
^ "mobilemusicmachine.com". http://www.mobilemusicmachine.com/billy.jpg. Retrieved September 24, 2010.
^ Vaughn, Stevie Ray (May 1989). "Emotion, Fire, Light, and Heavy Things". Guitar Player. http://www.tangledupinblues.com/jimihendrix.html. Retrieved September 24, 2010.
^ Stanley Clarke | AllMusic
^ Jaco Pastorius | AllMusic
^ Billy Sheehan | AllMusic
^ Les Claypool | AllMusic
^ "Rory Gallagher – "Notes From San Francisco" (2CD)". Releases. Blues Magazine. http://www.bluesmagazine.nl/rory-gallagher-notes-from-san-francisco. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
^ "Second Life Belfast Rory Gallagher Tribute 14th June 2010". Anniversary Tribute. NBMC Media. http://www.nbmcmedia.com/rory.html. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
^ "100 Greatest Guitar Solos (11–20)". Guitar World. http://guitar.about.com/library/bl100greatest.htm. Retrieved March 5, 2008.
^ The Leon Hendrix Experience. Seattle Weekly. http://www.seattleweekly.com/2009-03-04/music/the-leon-hendrix-project/. Retrieved March 4, 2009
^ Bravin, Jess (Thursday, October 6, 2011). "Copyright Law Challenged". The Wall Street Journal: p. B12.
^ "John Stafford Smith: Composer of the Star Spangled Banner". http://www.visit-gloucestershire.co.uk/gloucester/smith.htm.
^ The Jimi Hendrix Foundation mission statement. Retrieved September 6, 2011.
^ Uni-Vibes No. 27. 1997. pp. 31–39
^ Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Caesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix. Electric Gypsy. London: William Heinemann Ltd.. pp. 37–38. ISBN 0-434-69523-8
^ Wilson, Tom (November 13, 2004). "Seven Fender Stratocaster Models That Pay Tribute to Jimi Hendrix". Modern Guitars Magazine. http://www.modernguitars.com/archives/000039.html#tribute. Retrieved September 23, 2007.
^ Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Caesar (1990). Jimi Hendrix. Electric Gypsy. London: William Heinemann Ltd.. pp. 629–637. ISBN 0-434-69523-8
^ "Get That Tone: Are You Experienced era Jimi Hendrix". Gibson.com. June 24, 2008. http://www.gibson.com/en-us/Lifestyle/Features/getthattoneareyouexp/. Retrieved March 2, 2010.
^ "Hendrix guitar goes for $168K at auction". USA Today (AP). December 4, 2006. http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2006-12-04-rock-auction_x.htm. Retrieved September 18, 2007.
^ Scott Isler, Musician Magazine, August 1987: p.70
^ ^a ^b Trynka, Paul (1996). Rock Hardware. Hal Leonard. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-87930-428-7. http://books.google.com/?id=HDrIjd5FQ8QC&pg=RA19. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
^ "Jimi Hendrix interview". Rolling Stone. March 12, 1968. http://www.rollingstone.com/archives/1968/mar12/hendrix014.html. Retrieved December 24, 2008. ^{[dead link]}

Further reading

Shapiro, Harry; Glebbeek, Cesar (1991). Jimi Hendrix – Electric Gypsy. St. Martin's Press. p. 722. ISBN 0-312-05861-6.
Brown, Tony (1992). Jimi Hendrix – A Visual Documentary. Omnibus Press. p. 128. ISBN 0-7119-2761-8.
Black, Johnny (1999). Jimi Hendrix – The Ultimate Experience. Thunder's Mouth Press. p. 256. ISBN 1-56025-240-5.
Roby, Steven (2002). Black Gold – The Lost Archives of Jimi Hendrix. Billboard Books. p. 278. ISBN 0-8230-7854-X.
Shadwick, Keith (2003). Jimi Hendrix, Musician. Backbeat Books. p. 256. ISBN 0-87930-764-1.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie (1992). Hendrix, Setting The Record Straight. Grand Central Publishing. p. 364. ISBN 0-446-39431-9.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (2009). Ultimate Hendrix. Backbeat Books. p. 256. ISBN 0-87930-938-5.
McDermott, John; Kramer, Eddie; Cox, Billy (1995). Jimi Hendrix, Sessions. Little, Brown & Co.. p. 196. ISBN 0-316-87666-6.
Whitburn, Joel (1988). Top R&B Singles 1942–1988. Record Research, Inc. p. 613. ISBN 0-89820-068-7.
Charles R. Cross, Room Full Of Mirrors: A Biography Of Jimi Hendrix, 2005: ISBN 1-4013-0028-6
Gary Geldeart & Steve Rodham, "From The Benjamin Franklin Studios 3rd Edition Parts 1, 2 & 3" 2008
Curtis Knight, Jimi: An Intimate Biography of Jimi Hendrix, Praegar Publishers, New York, 1974. The book includes A Jimi Hendrix Discography, compiled by John McKellar.
John Kruth, Bright Moments: The Life & Legacy of Rahsaan Roland Kirk, 2004: ISBN 1-56649-105-3
Mark Lewisohn, The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions, Hamlyn 1988: ISBN 0-600-61207-4. See pp. 164–5 re Apple recording studio.
Ken Matesich, Jimi Hendrix: A Discography, 1982
David Stubbs, Jimi Hendrix: Voodoo Child: The Stories Behind Every Song, 2003
Brad Tolinski and Ross Halfin, Classic Hendrix: The Ultimate Hendrix Experience, Genesis Publications 2004

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jimi Hendrix

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	Book: Jimi Hendrix
Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print.

Official website
The Jimi Hendrix Foundation
Jimi Hendrix at MySpace
Jimi Hendrix Exhibition – slideshow by The First Post
"Jimi Hendrix: 'You never told me he was that good'" Ed Vulliamy, The Guardian
Jimi Hendrix collected news and commentary at The New York Times
Works by or about Jimi Hendrix in libraries (WorldCat catalog)

v t e Jimi Hendrix and The Jimi Hendrix Experience

Noel Redding Mitch Mitchell Billy Cox Larry Lee Juma Sultan Jerry Velez Buddy Miles

Studio albums	Are You Experienced Axis: Bold as Love Electric Ladyland The Cry of Love Rainbow Bridge War Heroes Loose Ends Crash Landing Midnight Lightning Nine to the Universe

Live albums	Band of Gypsys Historic Performances Recorded at the Monterey International Pop Festival Experience Isle of Wight Hendrix in the West More Experience The Jimi Hendrix Concerts Jimi Plays Monterey Johnny B. Goode Band of Gypsys 2 Live at Winterland Bleeding Heart Woodstock Live at the Fillmore East Live at Woodstock Blue Wild Angel: Live at the Isle of Wight Live at Berkeley Live at Monterey Winterland

Compilations	Smash Hits Soundtrack Recordings from the Film Jimi Hendrix Musique Originale du Film Jimi Plays Berkeley Re-Experienced The Essential Jimi Hendrix The Essential Jimi Hendrix Volume Two Stone Free The Singles Album Kiss the Sky Live & Unreleased: The Radio Show Cornerstones: 1967–1970 Lifelines: The Jimi Hendrix Story Sessions Footlights Stages The Ultimate Experience Blues South Saturn Delta Experience Hendrix: The Best of Jimi Hendrix BBC Sessions The Jimi Hendrix Experience Voodoo Child: The Jimi Hendrix Collection The Singles Collection Martin Scorsese Presents the Blues: Jimi Hendrix West Coast Seattle Boy: The Jimi Hendrix Anthology Valleys of Neptune

Official bootlegs	Live at the Oakland Coliseum Live at Clark University Morning Symphony Ideas Live in Ottawa Baggy's Rehearsal Sessions Paris 1967/San Francisco 1968 Hear My Music Live at the Isle of Fehmarn Burning Desire Live in Paris & Ottawa 1968 Live at Woburn

Singles	"Hey Joe" "Purple Haze" "The Wind Cries Mary" "Burning of the Midnight Lamp" "Foxy Lady" "Up from the Skies" "All Along the Watchtower" "Crosstown Traffic" "Stone Free" "Fire" "Stepping Stone" "Voodoo Child (Slight Return)" "No Such Animal" "Freedom" "Angel" "Gypsy Eyes" "Dolly Dagger" "Johnny B. Goode" (live) "Hear My Train a Comin'" "Day Tripper" "Can You Please Crawl Out Your Window?" "Valleys of Neptune" "Bleeding Heart" "Love or Confusion" "Fire" "Like a Rolling Stone"

Songs	"1983... (A Merman I Should Turn to Be)" "Are You Experienced?" "Bold as Love" "Castles Made of Sand" "Come On (Part 1)" "Ezy Ryder" "Have You Ever Been (To Electric Ladyland)" "Highway Chile" "I Don't Live Today" "If 6 Was 9" "Little Wing" "Lover Man" "Machine Gun" "Manic Depression" "My Friend" "Red House" "Spanish Castle Magic" "The Star-Spangled Banner" "The Stars That Play with Laughing Sam's Dice" "Third Stone from the Sun" "Voodoo Chile" "You Got Me Floatin'"

Related articles	Discography Posthumous discography An Illustrated Experience Black Gold The King Casuals The Blue Flame Chas Chandler The Cry of Love Tour Curtis Knight Dagger Records Electric Lady Studios The Jimi Hendrix Experience French Tour 1966 The Isley Brothers Michael Jeffery Monika Dannemann Karl Ferris Jimi Hendrix Rainbow Bridge Room Full of Mirrors: A Biography of Jimi Hendrix Stone Free: A Tribute to Jimi Hendrix Power of Soul: A Tribute to Jimi Hendrix

Book:Jimi Hendrix Category:Jimi Hendrix Portal:Rock and Roll

v t e Woodstock festival

Founders	Michael Lang John P. Roberts Joel Rosenman Artie Kornfeld

August 15, 1969	Richie Havens Sweetwater Bert Sommer Ravi Shankar Tim Hardin Melanie Safka Arlo Guthrie Joan Baez

August 16, 1969	Quill Country Joe McDonald John Sebastian Carlos Santana Keef Hartley The Incredible String Band Canned Heat Mountain Grateful Dead Creedence Clearwater Revival

August 17, 1969 August 18, 1969	Janis Joplin Sly & The Family Stone The Who Jefferson Airplane The Grease Band Joe Cocker Country Joe and the Fish Ten Years After The Band Blood, Sweat & Tears Johnny and Edgar Winter Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young Paul Butterfield Blues Band Sha Na Na Jimi Hendrix

Related	Max Yasgur List of performances and events Taking Woodstock Woodstock (film)

Authority control: LCCN: n50027216 | WorldCat

Persondata
Name	Hendrix, James Marshall
Alternative names	Hendrix, Jimi
Short description	American rock musician
Date of birth	(1942-11-27)November 27, 1942
Place of birth	Seattle, Washington
Date of death	September 18, 1970(1970-09-18)
Place of death	London, England

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Jeff Beck
Jeff Beck at the Palais, Melbourne, Australia 26 January 2009
Background information
Birth name	Geoffrey Arnold Beck
Also known as	A.N. Other
Born	(1944-06-24) 24 June 1944 (age 68) Wallington, Surrey England, United Kingdom
Genres	Blues rock, jazz fusion, instrumental rock, hard rock, electronica, progressive rock
Occupations	Musician, songwriter, actor
Instruments	Guitar, bass, backing vocals, contrabass
Years active	1964-present
Labels	EMI, Epic
Associated acts	The Yardbirds, The Jeff Beck Group, The Honeydrippers, Beck, Bogert & Appice, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Big Town Playboys, Upp, Eric Clapton, Suzi Quatro, Duff McKagan, Tal Wilkenfeld
Website	www.jeffbeck.com
Notable instruments
Fender Jeff Beck Signature Model Stratocaster Jeff Beck 1954 Les Paul Oxblood

Geoffrey Arnold "Jeff" Beck (born 24 June 1944) is an English rock guitarist. He is one of three noted guitarists to have played with The Yardbirds (Eric Clapton and Jimmy Page are the other two). Beck also formed The Jeff Beck Group and Beck, Bogert & Appice.

Much of Beck's recorded output has been instrumental, with a focus on innovative sound and his releases have spanned genres ranging from blues-rock, heavy metal, jazz fusion and an additional blend of guitar-rock and electronica. Although he recorded two hit albums (in 1975 and 1976) as a solo act, Beck has not established or maintained the sustained commercial success of many of his contemporaries and bandmates.^[1]^[2] Beck appears on albums by Mick Jagger, Kate Bush, Roger Waters, Donovan, Stevie Wonder, Les Paul, Zucchero, Cyndi Lauper, Brian May and ZZ Top. In 1988, he made a cameo appearance in the movie Twins.

He was ranked 5th in Rolling Stone's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time"^[3] and the magazine has described him as "one of the most influential lead guitarists in rock".^[4] MSNBC has called him a "guitarist's guitarist".^[1] Beck has earned wide critical praise and received the Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance six times and Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance once. He has been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice: as a member of The Yardbirds (1992) and as a solo artist (2009).^[5]

1 Biography
2 Influences
3 Technique and equipment
4 Personal life
5 Discography
6 See also
7 Bibliography
8 References
9 External links

Biography [link]

Early life [link]

"I was interested in the electric guitar even before I knew the difference between electric and acoustic. The electric guitar seemed to be a totally fascinating plank of wood with knobs and switches on it. I just had to have one."

Beck^[6]

Beck was born in 1944 to Arnold and Ethel Beck at 206 Demesne Road, Wallington, England. As a ten year old Beck sang in a church choir. As a teenager he learned to play a borrowed guitar and made several attempts to build his own instrument, first by gluing and bolting together cigar boxes for the body and an unsanded fence-post for the neck with model aircraft control-lines and frets simply painted on. When fabricating a neck for his next try he attempted to use measurements for a bass guitar.

Beck has cited Les Paul as the first electric guitar player who impressed him.^[6] Beck has said that he first heard an electric guitar when he was six years old and heard Paul playing "How High the Moon" on the radio. He asked his mother what it was and after she replied it was an electric guitar and was all tricks, he said, "That's for me".^[7] Cliff Gallup, lead guitarist with Gene Vincent and the Blue Caps was also an early musical influence, followed by B.B. King and Steve Cropper.^[8]

Upon leaving school he attended Wimbledon College of Art, after which he was briefly employed as a painter and decorator, a groundsman on a golf course and a car paint-sprayer. Beck's sister Annetta introduced him to Jimmy Page when both were teenagers.

Early career [link]

Beck began his career in the 1960s. He joined The Rumbles, a Croydon band, in 1963 for a short period as lead guitarist, playing Gene Vincent and Buddy Holly songs, displaying a talent for mimicking guitar styles. His first appearance on vinyl was as a session guitarist on a 1964 Parlophone single by The Fitz and Startz entitled "I'm Not Running Away", with B-side "So Sweet".

In March 1965, Beck was recruited by The Yardbirds to replace Eric Clapton on the recommendation of fellow session man Jimmy Page, who had been their initial choice.^[9] The Yardbirds recorded most of their Top 40 hit songs during Beck's short but significant 20-month tenure with the band allowing him only one full album which became known as Roger the Engineer (titled Over Under Sideways Down in the U.S.), released in 1966. Beck was actually pictured on the cover of For Your Love which was released by the Yardbirds' American label in June 1965, however Clapton played guitar on most of the songs. From September to November 1966, Beck shared lead guitar duties with Page in the Yardbirds, who initially joined as bass player^[9] in June of that year. A clip of this iteration of the band can be seen in the 1966 British film Blow Up.

Beck with the Jeff Beck Group, 1968

Beck was fired in the middle of a US tour for being a consistent no-show -- as well as difficulties caused by his perfectionism and explosive temper.^[10] After leaving the Yardbirds, Beck recorded the one-off "Beck's Bolero" (with Jimmy Page, John Paul Jones, Nicky Hopkins and Keith Moon) and two solo hit singles in the UK, "Hi Ho Silver Lining" and "Tallyman". He then formed The Jeff Beck Group, which featured Rod Stewart on vocals, Ronnie Wood on bass, Nicky Hopkins on piano and, after a series of drummers, eventually Micky Waller in early 1967.

The group produced two albums for Columbia Records (Epic in the US): Truth (August 1968) and Beck-Ola (July 1969). Truth, released five months before the first Led Zeppelin album, features "You Shook Me", a song written and first recorded by Willie Dixon that was also covered on the Led Zeppelin debut. It sold well (reaching number 15 on the Billboard charts). Beck-Ola saw drummer Micky Waller replaced by Tony Newman, and, while well-received, was less successful both commercially and critically. Resentment, coupled with touring incidents, led the group to dissolve in July 1969.

Nick Mason recalls in his autobiography that during 1967 Pink Floyd had wanted to recruit Beck to be their guitarist after the departure of Syd Barrett^[11] but "None of us had the nerve to ask him".^[12] In 1969, following the death of Brian Jones, Beck was approached about joining the Rolling Stones.^[10]

After the break-up of his group, Beck took part in the Music from Free Creek "super session" project, billed as "A.N. Other" and contributed lead guitar on four songs, including one co-written by him. Next he teamed with bassist Tim Bogert and drummer Carmine Appice, the rhythm section of Vanilla Fudge, in September 1969, when Bogert and Appice came to England to resolve contractual issues, but when Beck fractured his skull in a car accident near Maidstone in December the plan was postponed for two-and-a-half years, during which time Bogert and Appice formed Cactus. Beck later remarked on the 1960s period of his life: "Everyone thinks of the 1960s as something they really weren't. It was the frustration period of my life. The electronic equipment just wasn't up to the sounds I had in my head."^[13]

In 1970, when Beck had regained his health, he set about forming a band with drummer Cozy Powell. Beck, Powell and producer Mickie Most flew to the US and recorded several tracks at Motown's famed Studio A in Hitsville U.S.A. with The Funk Brothers, Motown's in-house band, but the results remained unreleased. By April 1971 Beck had completed the line-up of this new group with guitarist/vocalist Bobby Tench, keyboard player Max Middleton and bassist Clive Chaman. The new band performed as the "Jeff Beck Group" but had a substantially different sound from the first line-up. Rough and Ready (October 1971), the first album they recorded, on which Beck wrote or co-wrote six of the album's seven tracks (the exception being written by Middleton), included elements of soul, rhythm-and-blues and jazz, foreshadowing the direction Beck's music would take later in the decade.

Beck playing in 1973

A second album Jeff Beck Group (July 1972) was recorded at TMI studios in Memphis, Tennessee with the same personnel.^[14] Beck employed Steve Cropper as producer^[15] and the album displayed a strong soul influence, five of the nine tracks being covers of songs by American artists. One, "I Got To Have A Song", was the first of four Stevie Wonder compositions covered by Beck. Shortly after the release of the Jeff Beck Group album the band was dissolved and Beck's management put out the statement that: "The fusion of the musical styles of the various members has been successful within the terms of individual musicians, but they didn't feel it had led to the creation of a new musical style with the strength they had originally sought."^[16]

Beck then started collaborating with bassist Tim Bogert and drummer Carmine Appice, who became available following the demise of Cactus but continued touring as Jeff Beck Group in August 1972, to fulfil contractual obligations with his promoter, with a line-up including Bogert, Appice, Max Middleton and vocalist Kim Milford. After six appearances Milford was replaced by Bobby Tench, who was flown in from the UK^[17] for the Arie Crown Theatre Chicago performance and the rest of the tour,^[18] which concluded at the Paramount North West Theatre, Seattle.^[19] After the tour Tench and Middleton left the band and the power trio Beck, Bogert & Appice appeared: Appice took on the role of vocalist with Bogert and Beck contributing occasionally.^[19] They were included on the bill for Rock at The Oval in September 1972, still as the "Jeff Beck Group", which marked the start of a tour schedule of UK, the Netherlands and Germany. Another US tour began in October 1972, starting at the Hollywood Sportatorium Florida and concluding on 11 November 1972 at The Warehouse, New Orleans.^[20] In April 1973 the album Beck, Bogert & Appice was released (on Epic Records). While critics acknowledged the band's instrumental prowess the album was not commercially well received except for its cover of Stevie Wonder's hit "Superstition".

On 3 July 1973 Beck joined David Bowie on-stage to perform "The Jean Genie"/"Love Me Do" and "Around and Around". The show was recorded and filmed but none of the released editions included Beck. During October 1973 Beck recorded tracks for Michael Fennelly's^[21] album Lane Changer and attended sessions with Hummingbird, a band derived from The Jeff Beck Group, but did not to contribute to their eponymous first album.^[22]

Early in January 1974 the band played at the Rainbow Theatre, as part of a European tour. The concert was broadcast in full on the US show Rock Around the World in September of the same year. This last recorded work by the band previewed material intended for a second studio album, included on the bootleg At Last Rainbow. The tracks Blues Deluxe and BBA Boogie from this concert were later included on the Jeff Beck compilation Beckology (1991).^[23] Beck, Bogert & Appice dissolved in April 1974 before their second studio album (produced by Jimmy Miller) was finished. Their live album Beck, Bogert & Appice Live in Japan, recorded during their 1973 tour of Japan, was not released until February 1975 by Epic/Sony.

After a few months Beck entered Underhill Studio and met with the group Upp, whom he recruited as backing band for his appearance on the BBC TV programme Guitar Workshop in August 1974. Beck produced and played on their self-titled debut album and their second album This Way Upp, though his contributions to the second album went uncredited. In October Beck began to record instrumentals at AIR Studios with Max Middleton, bassist Phil Chen and drummer Richard Bailey, using George Martin as producer and arranger. Blow by Blow (March 1975) evolved from these sessions and showcased Beck's technical prowess in jazz-rock. The album reached number four in the charts and is Beck's most commercially-successful release. Beck, fastidious about overdubs and often dissatisfied with his solos, often returned to AIR Studios until he was satisfied. A couple of months after the sessions had finished Martin received a telephone call from Beck, who wanted to record a solo section again. Bemused, Martin replied: "I'm sorry, Jeff, but the record is in the shops!"^[6]

Beck performing in Amsterdam; 1979

Beck put together a live band for a US tour, preceded by a small and unannounced gig at The Newlands Tavern in Peckham, London. He toured through April and May 1975, mostly supporting the Mahavishnu Orchestra, retaining Max Middleton on keyboards but with a new rhythm section of bassist Wilbur Bascomb and noted session drummer Bernard "Pretty" Purdie. In a May 1975 show in Cleveland, Ohio (Music Hall), he became frustrated with an early version of a talk box he used on his arrangement of The Beatles' "She's a Woman," and after breaking a string, tossed his legendary Yardbirds-era Stratocaster off the stage. He did the same with the talk box and finished the show playing a Les Paul and without the box. During this tour he performed at Yuya Uchida's "World Rock Festival," playing a total of eight songs with Purdie. In addition he performed a guitar and drum instrumental with Johnny Yoshinaga and, at the end of the festival, joined in a live jam with bassist Felix Pappalardi of Mountain and vocalist Akira "Joe" Yamanaka from the Flower Travellin' Band. Only his set with Purdie was recorded and released.

He returned to the studio and recorded Wired (1976), which paired drummer and composer Narada Michael Walden and keyboardist Jan Hammer. The album used a jazz-rock fusion style which sounded similar to the work of his two collaborators. To promote the album, Beck joined forces with the Jan Hammer Group, playing a show supporting Alvin Lee at The Roundhouse in May 1976, before embarking on a seven-month long world tour. This resulted in the live album Jeff Beck with the Jan Hammer Group Live (1977).

At this point, Beck was a tax exile and took up residency in the US, remaining there until his return to the UK in the autumn of 1977. In the spring of 1978, he began rehearsing with bassist Stanley Clarke and drummer Gerry Brown towards a projected appearance at the Knebworth Festival, but this was cancelled after Brown dropped out. Beck toured Japan for three weeks in November 1978 with an ad-hoc group consisting of Clarke and newcomers Tony Hymas (keyboards) and Simon Phillips (drums) from Jack Bruce's band. Work then began on a new studio album at The Who's Ramport Studios in London and continued sporadically throughout 1979, resulting in There and Back in June 1980. It featured three tracks composed and recorded with Jan Hammer, while five were written with Hymas. Stanley Clarke was replaced by Mo Foster on bass, both on the album and the subsequent tours. Its release was followed by extensive touring in the USA, Japan and the UK.

1980s [link]

In 1981 Beck made a series of historic live appearances with his Yardbirds predecessor Eric Clapton at the Amnesty International-sponsored benefit concerts dubbed The Secret Policeman's Other Ball shows. He appeared with Clapton on "Crossroads", "Further On Up The Road", and his own arrangement of Stevie Wonder's "Cause We've Ended As Lovers". Beck also featured prominently in an all-star band finale performance of "I Shall Be Released" with Clapton, Sting, Phil Collins, Donovan and Bob Geldof. Beck's contributions were seen and heard in the resulting album and film, both of which achieved worldwide success in 1982. Another benefit show, the ARMS Concert for Multiple Sclerosis featured a jam with Beck, Eric Clapton and Jimmy Page. They performed "Tulsa Time" and "Layla". This is the only time all of the Yardbirds lead guitarists appeared on stage together.^{[citation needed]}

In 1985 Beck released Flash, featurng a variety of vocalists, but most notably former bandmate Rod Stewart on a rendition of Curtis Mayfield's "People Get Ready".

After a four year break, Jeff made a return to instrumental music with the album Jeff Beck's Guitar Shop (1989), the first album to feature Beck as a fingerstyle guitarist, leaving the plectrum playing style. It was only his 3rd album to be released in the 1980s. Much of Beck's sparse and sporadic recording schedule was due in part to a long battle with noise-induced tinnitus.

1990s [link]

Jeff Beck at the Enmore Theatre, Sydney

In the 1990s, Beck had a higher musical output. He is featured on lead guitar on Roger Waters' 1992 concept album Amused to Death, and on Kate Bush's 1993 album The Red Shoes.

He recorded the instrumental soundtrack album Frankie's House (1992), as well as Crazy Legs (1993), a tribute album to 50's rockabilly group Gene Vincent and the Blue Caps and their influential guitarist Cliff Gallup.

Beck rehearsed with Guns N' Roses for their concert in Paris in 1992, but did not play in the actual concert due to ear damage caused by a Matt Sorum cymbal crash, causing Beck to become temporarily deaf.^[24] The Yardbirds were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992. In Beck's acceptance speech he humorously noted that:

“

Someone told me I should be proud tonight... But I'm not, because they kicked me out. ...They did... Fuck them!^[25]

”

He accompanied Paul Rodgers of Bad Company on the album Muddy Water Blues: A Tribute to Muddy Waters in 1993. Jeff's next release would not be until 1999, his first foray into guitar based electronica, Who Else! The album also marked Beck's first collaboration with a female musician, Jennifer Batten, in touring, writing, and recording as well as the first time he had worked with another guitarist on his own material since playing in The Yardbirds. Beck continued to work with Batten through the post-release tour of You Had It Coming in 2001.^[26]

2000s [link]

Jeff Beck won his third Grammy Award, this one for 'Best Rock Instrumental Performance' for the track "Dirty Mind" from You Had It Coming (2001).

The song "Plan B," from the 2003 release Jeff, earned Beck his fourth Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance, and was proof that the new electro-guitar style he used for the two earlier albums would continue to dominate. Jeff Beck was the opening act for B.B. King in the summer of 2003 and appeared at Eric Clapton's Crossroads Guitar Festival in 2004.

Beck with Tal Wilkenfeld on the 2007 Crossroads Guitar Festival tour

In 2007, he accompanied Kelly Clarkson for her cover of Patty Griffin's "Up to the Mountain (MLK Song)", during the Idol Gives Back episode of American Idol. The performance was recorded live and afterwards was immediately released for sale. In the same year, he appeared once again at Clapton's Crossroads Guitar Festival, performing with Vinnie Colaiuta, Jason Rebello, and the then 21-year-old bassist Tal Wilkenfeld.

Beck announced a world tour in early 2009 and remained faithful to the same lineup of musicians as in his tour two years before, playing and recording at Ronnie Scott's in London to a sold out audience. Beck played on the song "Black Cloud" on the 2009 Morrissey album Years of Refusal and later that year, Harvey Goldsmith became Beck's Manager.^[27]

Beck was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on 4 April 2009, as a solo artist.^[28] The award was presented by Jimmy Page.^[29] On 4 July 2009, David Gilmour joined Beck onstage at the Albert Hall. Beck and Gilmour traded solos on "Jerusalem" and closed the show with "Hi Ho Silver Lining".

2010s [link]

Beck's latest album, Emotion & Commotion, was released in April 2010. It features a mixture of original songs and covers such as "Over the Rainbow" and "Nessun Dorma". Joss Stone provides some of the guest vocals.^[30] Two tracks from Emotion & Commotion won Grammys in 2011: "Nessun Dorma" won the Best Pop Instrumental Performance and "Hammerhead" won the Best Rock Instrumental Performance".^[31] Beck collaborated on "Imagine" for the 2010 Herbie Hancock album, The Imagine Project along with Seal, P!nk, India.Arie, Konono N°1, Oumou Sangare and others and received a third Grammy in 2011 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals for this track.^[32]^[33]

Beck's 2010 World Tour band featured Grammy winning musician Narada Michael Walden on drums, Rhonda Smith on bass and Jason Rebello on keyboards. He has also released a live album titled Live and Exclusive from the Grammy Museum on October 25, 2010.

In 2011, Beck received two honorary degrees from British universities. On 18 July 2011, he was honoured with a fellowship from University of the Arts London in recognition of his "outstanding contribution to the field of Music".^[34] He was also presented with an honorary doctorate from University of Sussex by Sanjeev Bhaskar, the university's chancellor for “an outstanding musical career and celebrated the relationship between the university and the Brighton Institute of Modern Music (BIMM)" on 21 July 2011.^[35]^[36]

Influences [link]

One of the most influential guitarists in the history of rock music,^[4]^[37]^[38] Jeff Beck has cited his major influences as Les Paul,^[6] The Shadows, Cliff Gallup, Ravi Shankar, Roy Buchanan,^[39] Chet Atkins, Django Reinhardt, Steve Cropper and Lonnie Mack.^[40] Of John McLaughlin, he said: "he has given us so many different facets of the guitar and introduced thousands of us to world music, by blending Indian music with jazz and classical. I'd say he was the best guitarist alive."^[41]

While Beck was not the first rock guitarist to experiment with electronic distortion, he nonetheless helped to redefine the sound and role of the electric guitar in rock music. Beck's work with The Yardbirds and The Jeff Beck Group's 1968 album Truth were seminal influences on heavy metal music, which emerged in full force in the early 1970s.^[42]

Technique and equipment [link]

"...we shared a dressing room with the Yardbirds. At that point, it was kind of a peak period, Jimmy Page was playing bass; he had just joined the band. Chris Dreja was still playing rhythm guitar, Jeff Beck was playing lead through a Super Beatle and using banjo strings for the unwound G, 'cos they didn't make sets with an unwound G at that point. So he used banjo strings to complete his set. When he was in the dressing room, our guitar player went into his guitar case trying to find out his secrets and found a banjo string. I think he actually took one."

Scott Morgan of the Rationals.^[38]

Beck stopped regular use of a pick (plectrum) in the 1980s. He produces a wide variety of sounds by using his fingers and the vibrato bar on his signature Fender Stratocaster, and he frequently uses a wah-wah pedal both live and in the studio. As Eric Clapton once said, "With Jeff, it’s all in his hands".^[43] Along with Fender Stratocasters, Beck occasionally plays Fender Telecaster and Gibson Les Paul models as well. His amplifiers are primarily Fender and Marshall. In his earlier days with the Yardbirds, Beck also used a 1954 Fender Esquire guitar (now owned by Seymour W. Duncan, and housed in the Cleveland Rock and Roll Hall of Fame^[44]) through Vox AC30s. He has also played through a variety of fuzz pedals and echo-units along with this set-up and has used the Pro Co RAT distortion pedal. The Seymour Duncan JB model's name is an acronym for both Jazz & Blues and Jeff Beck, as it was designed in conjunction with the guitarist.

During the ARMS Charity Concerts in 1983 Beck used his battered Fender Esquire along with a 1954 Fender Stratocaster and a Jackson Soloist. On the Crazy Legs (1993) he played a Gretsch Duo Jet, his signature Fender Stratocaster and various other guitars. Recently^[when?] Fender created a Custom Shop Tribute series version of his beat-up Fender Esquire as well as his Artist Signature series Stratocaster.

Carson, Annette. Jeff Beck: Crazy Fingers. Backbeat books (2002). ISBN 0-87930-632-7
Horjt, Chris and Hinman, Doug. Jeff's book : A chronology of Jeff Beck's career 1965-1980 : from the Yardbirds to Jazz-Rock. Rock 'n' Roll Research Press, (2000). ISBN 0-9641005-3-3
Foster, Mo.17 watts?: The Birth of British Rock Guitar. Sanctuary (1997 and 2000). ISBN 978-1-86074-267-5

References [link]

^ ^a ^b "The guitarist's player". Top Ten Rock Guitarists. MSNBC. 2008. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15425867/displaymode/1107/s/1/framenumber/6/. Retrieved 27 July 2009.
^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Jeff Beck". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/jeff-beck-p3650/biography. Retrieved 2011-08-28.
^ "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". Rolling Stone. 30 November 2011. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-guitarists-20111123/jeff-beck-19691231.
^ ^a ^b "Jeff Beck Biography". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/jeff-beck/biography. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
^ "Jeff Beck biography". Rock and roll Hall of Fame Jeff Bedk 2009 induction. Rock and roll Hall of Fame. 2009. http://rockhall.com/inductees/jeff-beck/. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Foster, Mo. 17 Watts? The Birth of British Rock Guitar. Sanctuary Publishing. pp. 13, 119, 120, 315.
^ Ventre, Michael (7 February 2011). "Jeff Beck still rocks — and rolls in his hot rods". msnbc.com. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/41375957/ns/today-entertainment/t/jeff-beck-still-rocks-rolls-his-hot-rods/#.TwIAWJi6SrI. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
^ Interview with Vh1 History of Rock and Roll.
^ ^a ^b "Yardbird - How He Became England's". Hit Parader. April 1966. http://www.ainian.com/HitParader_April66.pdf. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
^ ^a ^b "Eric Clapton And Jeff Beck: The Death of a Musical Revolution". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. April 26, 2011. http://www.seattlepi.com/lifestyle/blogcritics/article/Eric-Clapton-And-Jeff-Beck-The-Death-of-a-886843.php. Retrieved March 27, 2012.
^ K Whitlock. "Record Collector Interview". Pink Floyd & Co fan website. http://www.pinkfloyd-co.com/band/interviews/rww/rwwcollector.html. Retrieved 15 December 2007.
^ Mason, Nick and Dodd, Philip. Inside out: A personal history of Pink Floyd. Chronicle Books (2005).
^ Tobler, John (1992). NME Rock 'N' Roll Years (1st ed.). London: Reed International Books Ltd. p. 292. CN 5585.
^ Graves, Tom. "Jeff Beck Group (album)". allmusic.com. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r1569. Retrieved 14 February 2009.
^ Hjort and Hinman. Jeff's book: A Chronology of Jeff Beck's Career 1965-1980. p. 115.
^ Hjort and Hinman. Jeff's book: A Chronology of Jeff Beck's Career 1965-1980. p. 122.
^ Hjort and Hinman. Jeff's book: A Chronology of Jeff Beck's Career 1965–1980. p. 123.
^ Joynson, Vernon. The Tapestry of Delights-The Comprehensive Guide to British Music of the Beat, R&B, Psychedelic and Progressive Eras. Borderline. p. 415.
^ ^a ^b Hjort and Hinman. Jeff's book: A Chronology of Jeff Beck's Career 1965–1980. p. 124.
^ Hjort and Hinman. Jeff's book: A Chronology of Jeff Beck's Career 1965–1980. pp. 125–131.
^ Thomas, Bryan. "Michael Fennelly". allmusic.com. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p17485. Retrieved 31 July 2009.
^ Hjort and Hinman. Jeff's book: A Chronology of Jeff Beck's Career 1965-1980. p. 146.
^ Bruce Eder. "Beckology". Allmusic.com. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r1580. Retrieved 16 February 2009.
^ I went over to Paris to do a show with Guns 'N' Roses. We'd rehearsed in the dressing room and went out to do a sound check. Matt hit one bass drum and it was like forty million watts going through me, and I had to walk away. <http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/jeff-becks-music-business-lessons>
^ "Jeff Beck-Hall of Fame Speech". YouTube. 23 March 2008. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPiln7t58ls. Retrieved 13 January 2010.
^ Blackett, Matt. "Rock: Riffs-Jennifer Batten." Guitar Player. Vol. 42.9. Sept. 2008
^ BBC Desert Island Discs Harvey Goldsmith
^ Run-D.M.C., Metallica nominated for Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Associated Press 22 September 2008
^ "The Associated Press: Run-DMC, Metallica lead list of 2009 Rock Hall". google.com (News). http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hREPMeeR5GfDTBELMODMLmXmjLWgD95N3FTO1. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
^ "Jeff beck, Emotion & Commotion". Rolling Stone. 13 April 2009. http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2010/01/19/jeff-beck-blends-classical-with-rock-on-april-13th-album-emotion-commotion/. Retrieved 2 February 2010.
^ "The 2011 Grammy winners list: Who took home the gold?". USA Today. 2011-02-14. http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/awards/grammys/2011-02-10-grammy-winners_N.htm. Retrieved 2011-07-22.
^ "The Imagine Project". All About Jazz. 2010-06-21. http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/article.php?id=36827. Retrieved 2010-11-29.
^ "Jeff Beck ties Lady Gaga with three Grammys". dailyrecord.com. 14 February 2011. http://blogs.dailyrecord.com/sixstrings/2011/02/14/jeff-beck-nabs-three-grammy-awards/. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
^ "Jeff Beck receives an Honorary Fellowship from University of the Arts London and University of Sussex". imaguitarist. 2011-07-19. http://imaguitarist.wordpress.com/2011/07/19/jeff-beck-receives-an-honorary-fellowship-from-university-of-the-arts-london/. Retrieved 2011-07-22.
^ "Guitarist Jeff Beck receives honorary degree in Sussex". BBC. 2011-07-21. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-sussex-14232193. Retrieved 2011-07-22.
^ "Sussex University graduation ceremonies begin". The Argus. 2011-07-21. http://www.theargus.co.uk/news/9153272.Sussex_University_graduation_ceremonies_begin/. Retrieved 2011-07-22.
^ "Jeff Beck Interview". thehighwaystar.com. http://www.thehighwaystar.com/interviews/blackmore/rb1973xxxx.html. Retrieved 1 February 2010.
^ ^a ^b Shimamoto, Ken. "Jeff Beck interview". scottmorganmusic.com. http://www.scottmorganmusic.com/scott_rationals.html. Retrieved 1 February 2010.
^ Noble, Douglas. "Jeff Beck Interview taken from The Guitar Magazine' Vol 3 No 4, June 1993". djnoble.demon.co.uk. http://www.djnoble.demon.co.uk/ints/JEFFBEC.KIN.html. Retrieved 1 February 2010.
^ Interview with Mojo magazine, June 2009
^ Interview with Uncut magazine, March 2010.
^ Truth Jeff Beck: Review. Allmusic
^ "Jeff Beck". jeffbeck.com. http://www.jeffbeck.com/jeffbeck_bio.html. Retrieved 1 February 2010.
^ Blackett, Matt (December 2000). "Pure Genius: Guitar's Magnificent Rebel Puts a Twist on Techno". Guitar Player: pp. 98–106.
^ "Jeff Back Marries Wife Number Six - Contactmusic News". Contactmusic.com. http://www.contactmusic.com/new/xmlfeed.nsf/story/jeff-back-marries-wife-number-six. Retrieved 2011-07-05.
^ Douglas J Noble (June 1993). "Interview outtakes". Guitar Magazine Vol 3 No 5 / The Jeff Beck Bulletin issue 3, Fall 1994. Guitar Magazine. http://www.djnoble.demon.co.uk/ints/JEFFBEC.KOU.html. Retrieved 28 March 2009.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jeff Beck

v t e Jeff Beck

Studio albums	Blow by Blow Wired There & Back Flash Jeff Beck's Guitar Shop Crazy Legs (w/ Big Town Playboys) Who Else! You Had It Coming Jeff Emotion & Commotion

Live albums	Jeff Beck with the Jan Hammer Group Live (w/ Jan Hammer Group) Live at BB King Blues Club Official Bootleg USA '06 Presenting This Week... Live at Ronnie Scott's Live and Exclusive From the Grammy Museum

Compilations	Guitar Boogie (w/ Eric Clapton and Jimmy Page) Beckology

Soundtracks	Frankie's House (w/ Jed Lieber)

Songs	"Beck's Bolero" "Hammerhead" "Hi Ho Silver Lining" "Love Is Blue" "People Get Ready" (w/ Rod Stewart)

Related articles	The Honeydrippers The Jeff Beck Group Beck, Bogert & Appice The Yardbirds Upp Immediate All-Stars

v t e The Jeff Beck Group

Jeff Beck Micky Waller Rod Stewart Ronnie Wood Nicky Hopkins Tony Newman Aynsley Dunbar Bobby Tench Max Middleton Cozy Powell Clive Chaman Tim Bogert Carmine Appice Kim Milford

Studio albums	Truth Beck-Ola Rough and Ready Jeff Beck Group

Songs	"You Shook Me" "Shapes of Things" "Barabajagal" (with Donovan) "I Ain't Superstitious" "Morning Dew" "Ol' Man River"

Related articles	The Yardbirds Beck, Bogert & Appice

v t e Beck, Bogert & Appice

Jeff Beck Tim Bogert Carmine Appice

Studio albums	Beck, Bogert & Appice

Live albums	Live in Japan

Singles	"Superstition"

Related articles	The Yardbirds The Jeff Beck Group Vanilla Fudge Cactus

v t e The Yardbirds

Original members (1963-68) Keith Relf Chris Dreja Paul Samwell-Smith Top Topham Jim McCarty Eric Clapton Jeff Beck Jimmy Page Rod Demick Laurie Garman Alan Glen John Idan Ben King Billy Boy Miskimmin Ray Majors Gypie Mayo

Albums	For Your Love (1965) Having a Rave Up (1965) Yardbirds/Over Under Sideways Down aka Roger the Engineer (1966) Little Games (1967) Birdland (2003)

Live albums	Five Live Yardbirds (1964) Sonny Boy Williamson and The Yardbirds (1966) Live Yardbirds! Featuring Jimmy Page (1971) BBC Sessions (1997) Blueswailing '64 (2003) Live at B.B. King Blues Club (2007)

Compilations	The Yardbirds Greatest Hits (1967) Little Games Sessions and More (1992) Cumular Limit (2000) Ultimate! (2001)

Singles	1964 "I Wish You Would" "Good Morning Little Schoolgirl" 1965 "For Your Love" "Heart Full of Soul" "Evil Hearted You" "I'm a Man" 1966 "Shapes of Things" "Boom Boom" "Over Under Sideways Down" "Happenings Ten Years Time Ago" 1967 "Ten Little Indians"

Other songs	1963 "Let It Rock" "Who Do You Love" "Talkin' 'Bout You" You Can't Judge a Book by Looking at the Cover 1964 "Too Much Monkey Business" "Smokestack Lightning" "Five Long Years" "The Sky Is Crying" 1965 "My Girl Sloopy" "Train Kept A-Rollin'" "Spoonful" "The Stumble" 1966 "Dust My Blues" 1967 "White Summer" "Most Likely You'll Go Your Way" "Dazed and Confused" 1968 "Knowing that I'm Losing You" "I'm Waiting for the Man"

Related articles	Discography Members Giorgio Gomelsky Simon Napier-Bell Mickie Most Peter Grant Cream The Jeff Beck Group Led Zeppelin Renaissance Box of Frogs Immediate All-Stars

Persondata
Name	Beck, Jeff
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	24 June 1944
Place of birth	Wallington, Surrey England, United Kingdom
Date of death
Place of death

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Beck

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Born: ['1942-11-27']

Died: ['1970-09-18']

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