A 250V-16A electrical wire on a reel

An irrigation reel with travelling sprinkler

A reel is an object around which lengths of another material (usually long and flexible) are wound for storage. Generally a reel has a cylindrical core and walls on the sides to retain the material wound around the core. In some cases the core is hollow, although other items may be mounted on it, and grips may exist for mechanically turning the reel.

Construction[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

The size of the core is dependent on several factors. A smaller core will obviously allow more material to be stored in a given space. However, there is a limit to how tightly the stored material can be wound without damaging it and this limits how small the core can be.

Other issues affecting the core size include:

• Mechanical strength of the core (especially with large reels)
• Acceptable turning speed (for a given rate of material moving on or off the reel a smaller core will mean that an almost empty reel has to turn faster)
• any functional requirements of the core e.g.
  • For a reel that must be mechanically turned the size of the grips that mount it on the mechanical turning device.
  • The size of the mountings needed to support the core during unwinding.
  • Anything mounted on the cores (e.g. the sockets on an extension reel)

With material such as photographic film that is flat and long but is relatively wide, the material generally is stored in successive single layers. In cases where the material is more uniform in cross-section (for example, a cable), the material may be safely wound around a reel that is wider than its width. In this case, several windings are needed to create a layer on the reel.

Uses[link]

Examples include:

• A fishing reel is used on a fishing rod to wind the fishing line up
• Kite lines are frequently operated from reels.
• Specialized reels for holding tow line for hang glider, glider, and sailplane launching
• Laying of communications table use giant reels
• Winches wind cables on reels
• Webbing barriers that allow mobile post positions collect tensionally excess webbing
• Tow trucks hold steel cable on reels
• Garden hoses reeled solve hose kink problems
• Rope, wire and cable is often supplied on reels
• Badge reels are used to hold badges, ski passes and the like
• A cave diving reel is safety equipment used for running a guideline (also known as a distance line)^[1]

Motion picture terminology[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

35mm film reels and boxes

It is traditional to discuss the length of theatrical motion pictures in terms of "reels." The standard length of a 35 mm motion picture reel is 1,000 feet (300 m). This length runs approximately 11 minutes at sound speed (24 frames per second) and slightly longer at silent movie speed (which may vary from approximately 16 to 22 frames per second). Most films have visible cues which mark the end of the reel. This allows projectionists running reel-to-reel to change-over to the next reel on the other projector.

A so-called "two-reeler" would have run about 20–24 minutes since the actual short film shipped to a movie theater for exhibition may have had slightly less (but rarely more) than 1000 ft (about 305 m) on it. Most modern projectionists use the term "reel" when referring to a 2,000-foot (610 m) "two-reeler," as modern films are rarely shipped by single 1,000-foot (300 m) reels. A standard Hollywood movie averages about five 2000-foot reels in length.

The "reel" was established as a standard measurement because of considerations in printing motion picture film at a film laboratory, for shipping (especially the film case sizes) and for the size of the physical film magazine attached to the motion picture projector. Had it not been standardized (at 1,000 feet (300 m) of 35 mm film) there would have been many difficulties in the manufacture of the related equipment. A 16 mm "reel" is 400 feet (120 m). It runs, at sound speed, approximately the same amount of time (11–12 minutes) as a 1000-foot 35 mm reel.

A "split reel" is a motion picture film reel in two halves that, when assembled, hold a specific length of motion picture film that has been wound on a plastic core. Using a split reel allows film to be shipped or handled in a lighter and smaller form than film would on a "fixed" reel. In silent film terminology, two films on one reel.

As digital cinema catches on, the physical reel is being replaced by a virtual format called Digital Cinema Package, which can be distributed using any storage media (such as hard drives) or data transfer medium (such as the Internet or satellite links) and projected using a digital projector instead of a conventional movie projector.

Demo reels[link]

A "demo reel", or "show reel", is the motion picture, video, musical or voice-over announcement equivalent of an artist's portfolio. It is typically used as a tool to promote the artist's skill, talent, and experience in a selected field, such as acting, directing, cinematography, editing, special effects, animation, video games and other graphics in the case of video or film, or in the case of audio-only, their vocal or instrumental talent, arranging abilities or recording and engineering style.

The demo reel is frequently submitted with a résumé to a prospective employer. When a reel contains scenes from actual productions, a shot list or credit list may also be submitted to describe the artist's specific involvement in each portion of the reel. While the usage of video excerpts on such showreels can be regarded as a breach of copyright, it is generally accepted in the film industry to do so, as it is the only tool of an artist to actually self-promote his/her work.^[2][3]

References[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Reels or Film reels

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2012)

Reel 2 Real is an American house music and reggae-influenced duo which had seven Top 10 hits on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart in the 1990s.

Biography[link]

The duo's core member is producer and DJ Erick Morillo from New York City, who spent a portion of his childhood living in Colombia and also in Union City, New Jersey. The first release as Reel 2 Real was The New Anthem which spent a week at No. 1 in 1992.

Although it peaked at No. 8 on the dance chart, Reel 2 Real is best known for the dancehall reggae-influenced house track I Like to Move It, which featured Trinidad and Tobago native and toaster Mark Quashie, also known as the Mad Stuntman. The song peaked at number 89 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1994. It was successful in the United Kingdom, where it peaked at number 5 on the singles chart, and in France and the Netherlands it peaked at number-one. The song would later be used in 2005 animated film Madagascar, and was covered by comedian Sacha Baron Cohen but produced by Morillo, making it a hit once again in 2005. In all, The Mad Stuntman was featured on four of Reel 2 Real's top 10 dance hits. Later singles featured Barbara Tucker, Charlotte Small, and Proyecto Uno. The Reel 2 Real alias was abandoned.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• 1994 Move It!
• 1995 Reel 2 Remixed
• 1996 Are You Ready for Some More?

Singles[link]

See also[link]

• List of number-one dance hits (United States)
• List of artists who reached number one on the US Dance chart

References[link]

This article on a United States electronic music band is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

This article on a house music band is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Joe Hanson (born February 23, 1983) is a writer/comedian living in Los Angeles. He is best known for his work on Current TV, Smash Cuts and "Joe Goes."

In 2005, Joe and his production partner Hassan S. Ali created the Joe Gets series for Current TV,^[1] which spanned 50 episodes and was sponsored by T-Mobile. The series involved Joe exploring fish-out-of-water situations, like entering a freestyle rap battle, visiting a dominatrix, and going to professional wrestling school.^[2] The series included trips to California, Indiana, Nevada, Missouri, South Dakota, Alabama and New York. Joe also made the satirical series What's Wrong With,^[3] the music video parody Viral Superstar,^[4] and interviewed celebrities at Elton John's Oscars Afterparty, including George Lucas, Eddie Van Halen, Prince, Carmen Electra, Carson Daly, John Waters, Salma Hayek and Rick Fox.^[5]

In 2008, Joe started "Bino White Weekly," in which he made a rap song every week as Bino White. The topics ranged from Nintendo to Twitter to Science, and each track was accompanied by a YouTube video.^[6] He did for this 52 weeks, breaking Crooked I's record for weekly rap songs.^[7]

In 2009, Joe joined the cast of Smash Cuts, a syndicated clip show on The CW and CBS affiliates.^[8]

In 2010, Joe started the Web series "Joe Goes," in which he visits conventions, events and countries, to have funny interactions with people. The episode "Joe Goes To Exxxotica Expo" went viral, making the front page of the Huffington Post,^[9] and getting over 550,000 views combined on YouTube^[10] and Funny Or Die.^[11] Other episodes have included visits to Anime Expo, Amsterdam, London, and the press junket for Tron: Legacy.^[12]

Joe also created the website Fake Rap News,^[13] which is like The Onion for hip hop.

Joe is a graduate of the University of Chicago and grew up in Fosston, Minnesota. In 2005, he appeared as a contestant on the first season of the reality show Beauty and the Geek.

Joe also appeared in March 2012 in the music video for the song by Julian Smith on YouTube "Eat Randy" featuring as 'Randy'. The video gained over a million views.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Joe's Current TV shows
• Joe's IMDb
• BinoWhite.com

Saint Anne
Greek icon of Saint Anne and Mary, by Angelos Akotantos
Mother of the Virgin, Mystic, Maternal Heroine, Woman of Amram
Born	c. 1st century B.C.E.
Honored in	Christianity Islam Aglipayan Church
Feast	July 26 (Western calendar) and July 25 (Eastern calendar)
Attributes	Book, door, with Mary, Jesus or Joachim
Patronage	carpenters; childless people; equestrians; grandparents; homemakers/housewives; lace makers; lost articles; Fasnia(Tenerife); Mainar; Detroit; miners; mothers; moving house; old-clothes dealers; poverty; pregnancy; seamstresses; stablemen; sterility

Saint Anne (also Ann or Anna, from Hebrew Hannah חַנָּה, meaning "favor" or "grace") of David's house and line, was the mother of the Virgin Mary and grandmother of Jesus Christ according to Christian and Islamic tradition. English Anne is derived from Greek rendering of her Hebrew name Hannah. Mary's mother is not named in the canonical gospels or the Qur'an, and her name and that of her husband Joachim come only from New Testament apocrypha, of which the Protoevangelium of James, written perhaps around 150, seems to be the earliest that mentions them.

Church tradition[link]

The story bears a similarity to that of the birth of Samuel, whose mother Hannah had also been childless. Although Hanna receives little attention in the Western church prior to the late 12th century,^[1] dedications to Hanna in the Eastern church occur as early as the 6th century.^[2] In the Eastern Orthodox Churches and Eastern Catholic Churches, she is revered as Hanna. In the Eastern Orthodox tradition, Hanna, is ascribed the title Forbear of God, and both the Birth of Mary and the Dedication of Mary to the Temple are celebrated as two of the Twelve Great Feasts. The Dormition of Hanna is also a minor feast in the Eastern Church. In Protestant tradition it is held that Martin Luther chose to enter religious life as a monk after receiving heavenly aid from St. Anne.

Islamic view of Anne[link]

Anne (Arabic: Hannah) is also a revered woman in Islam and is recognized as a highly spiritual woman as well as the mother of Mary. The daughter of Faqud, Hannah was childless until her old age. She saw a bird feeding its young while sitting in the shade of a tree, which awakened her desire to have children of her own. She prayed for a child and eventually conceived. Her husband, known as Imran in the Qur'an, died before the child was born. Expecting the child to be male, Hannah vowed to dedicate him to isolation and the service in the Temple.^{[N 1][3][4]} However, Hannah bore a daughter instead, and she named her Mary. Her words ^{[N 2]} after the birth of Mary reflect her status as a great mystic. Hannah wanted a son, but she realized that the daughter was God's gift to her.^[3][4]

Legends[link]

Varying theologians have believed either that Joachim was Anne's only husband or that she was married thrice. Ancient belief, attested to by a sermon of St John Damascene, was that Anne married once. In late medieval times, legend held that Anne was married three times, first to Joachim, then to Clopas and finally to a man named Solomas and that each marriage produced one daughter: Mary, mother of Jesus, Mary of Clopas, and Mary Salomae, respectively.^[5] The sister of Saint Hanna was Sobe who was the mother of Saint Elizabeth.

Similarly, in the 4th century and then much later in the 15th century, a belief arose that Mary was born of Anne by virgin birth.^[6] Those believers included the 16th century Lutheran mystic Valentine Weigel who claimed Anne conceived Mary by the power of the Holy Spirit. This belief was condemned as an error by the Catholic Church in 1677. Instead, the Church teaches that Mary was conceived in the normal fashion, but that she was miraculously preserved from original sin in order to make her fit to bear Christ. The conception of Mary free from original sin is termed the Immaculate Conception—which is frequently confused with the Virgin Birth or Incarnation of Christ.

In the fifteenth century, the Catholic cleric Johann Eck related in a sermon that St Anne's parents were named Stollanus and Emerentia. The Catholic Encyclopedia (1907) regards this genealogy as spurious.^[7]

Anne in art[link]

Fresco of Saint Anne in Serbian Orthodox church.

The iconographic subject of Joachim and Anne The Meeting at the Golden Gate fitted both views, and was a regular component of artistic cycles of the Life of the Virgin. The couple meet at the "Golden Gate" of Jerusalem and embrace. They are aware of Anne's pregnancy, of which they have been separately informed by an archangel. For those believing in the virgin birth of Mary, this moment stood for her conception, and the feast was celebrated on the same day as the Immaculate Conception. Art works representing the Golden Gate and the events leading up to it were influenced by the narrative in the widely read Golden Legend of Jacobus de Voragine. The Birth of Mary, the Presentation of Mary and the Marriage of the Virgin were usual components of cycles of the Life of the Virgin in which Anne is normally shown.

Anne is never shown as present at the Nativity of Christ, but is frequently shown with the infant Christ in various subjects. She is sometimes believed to be depicted in scenes of the Presentation of Jesus at the Temple and the Circumcision of Christ but in the former case this likely reflects a misidentification through confusion with Anna the Prophetess. Anna is described in Luke's Gospel as a holy widow who recognizes Jesus as the Messiah at his Presentation, along with Simeon the Righteous and both frequently appear in artistic depictions of the story. There was a tradition that Anne went (separately) to Egypt and rejoined the Holy Family after their Flight to Egypt. Anne is not seen with the adult Christ, so was regarded as having died during the youth of Jesus.^[8] Anne is also shown as the matriarch of the Holy Kinship, the extended family of Jesus, a popular subject in late medieval Germany, some versions of these pictorial and sculptural depictions include Emerentia who was reputed in the 15th Century to be Anne's mother. In modern devotions, Anne and her husband are invoked for protection for the unborn.

Another typical subject has Anne teaching the Virgin Mary how to read (see gallery below).

Patronage[link]

Ann is the patron saint of the following places:^{[citation needed]} Detroit, Michigan;^[9] Brittany, France; Castelbuono, Sicily, Italy; Quebec and the Mi'kmaq peoples of Canada; Fasnia; Adjuntas, Puerto Rico; Norwich, Connecticut; Santa Ana Pueblo; Santa Ana, El Salvador; Jucuarán, El Salvador; Seama, New Mexico; Taos, New Mexico; Chiclana de la Frontera, Spain; Marsaskala; Tudela, Navarre; Philippines, where the National Shine of St. Anne is in the poblacion of Hagonoy, Bulacan,Santa Ana, Taguig City; Santana, São Paulo, Brazil; Saint Anne, Illinois; and places in Malaysia and South Vietnam. She is also the patron saint of horseback riders, housewives, grandmothers, cabinet makers, unmarried women, women in labor and miners.

Düren has been the main place of pilgrimage for Anne since 1506, when Pope Julius II decreed that her relics should be kept there.

Cities[link]

The city of Santa Ana, California was named in her honour. Many schools and places of worship are named after St Anne, the most famous being a parish church and primary school in Caversham, Reading.

Gallery[link]

• 

  Coptic, 8th century

• 

  German, 15th century. Anne holds Mary and Christ

• 

  German, 15th century, Legends of St Anne

• 

  Presentation of Mary at the Temple

• 

  German, 16th century. Relief of the St. Annes Head, Annakirche Dueren

• 

  Annunciation to Anne mosaic, 12th century, Chora Church, Istanbul

• 

  An Anna Selbdritt in the Cathedral Museum of the Church of Santiago Compostela

• 

  A Belgian Anna Selbdritt (labeled Ste Anne Trinitaire by the museum)

• 

  A Spanish Anna Selbdritt influenced ultimately by Greek "Hodegetria" icons

• AnnaSelbdrittMexico.jpg

  An Anna Selbdritt from Oaxaca, Mexico

• AnneGiuLungara.jpg

  St. Anne Teaching the Virgin to Read, Church of San Giuseppe alla Lungara, Rome

• 

  St. Anne Teaching the Virgin to Read, Church of St Andrew by the Wardrobe, London

• 

  St. Anne Teaching the Virgin to Read, Parish church of St.Ulrich in Ulrichsberg, 1722

See also[link]

• Anna (Bible)

Notes[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Saint Anne

• Saint Anne at Patron Saints Index

Wikisource has the text of the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia article St. Anne.

• Brief American Catholic article on "Sts. Joachim and Ann"
• "Anna, Grandmother of Jesus" by Claire Heartsong
• St. Anne page at Christian Iconography
• "Here Followeth the Nativity of Our Blessed Lady" from the Caxton translation of the Golden Legend
• The Protevangelium of James
• The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2010)

Aly Bain MBE (born 15 May 1946 in Lerwick, Shetland) is a Shetland fiddler who learned his instrument from the old-time master Tom Anderson. In 1967 he was a member of the Shetland-based band Gordon Hank and the Country Ramblers, with Gordon Smith, Ian Stewart and Jack Robertson^[1]. Bain is now considered one of the finest fiddlers in the Scottish tradition.

Career[link]

In the early days of his career he formed (briefly and unofficially) part of the band The Humblebums with two other ‘unknowns’ Gerry Rafferty and Billy Connolly and Tam Harvey. He became nationally prominent as a founding member of The Boys of the Lough, a Scots- Irish folk group, with whom he played for over 30 years. He received several honorary citizenships in the USA.

Simultaneously, Bain pursued a solo career in collaborative and television projects with Pelicula Films Director, Mike Alexander and Producer, Douglas Eadie, working on several international television series: 'The Down home Recordings', 'The Shetland Sessions', 'Aly Meets The Cajuns', and four series of the Transatlantic Sessions - in 2010 winning the BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards, "Good Tradition Award". Since the early eighties Bain has regularly collaborated and recorded with prominent musicians from across the globe, including: Jerry Douglas, Emmylou Harris, Mark O'Connor, Jay Ungar, Mary Black, Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh, Dan Tyminski, Rosanne Cash, James Taylor, Eddi Reader, Paul Brady, Darrell Scott, Michael Doucet, Martha Wainwright, Kate and Anna McGarrigle, John Martyn, Danny Thompson, Iris DeMent, Karen Matheson, Donal Lunny, Joan Osborne, Allison Moorer, Bruce Molsky and Allan MacDonald, bringing traditional music to a constantly widening audience.

In 1993 his autobiography "Fiddler on the Loose" was published by "Mainstream". It was written with Alastair Clark.

Bain has received many honours for his services to music: in 1994 he was awarded the MBE for his musical accomplishments. In 1989 he received a Silver Disc from the Record Industry Association for his 'Aly Meets the Cajuns' recording. A further Silver Disc followed in 1991 for The Pearl, recorded on his own Edinburgh Record Label, Whirlie Records. He also has received five honorary Doctor of Music (DMus) degrees: Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama; Stirling University; The University of St Andrews (2003); The Open University (2005) and Edinburgh University (2009). In addition, on the 27th November 2007, Bain - along with Phil Cunningham - were awarded Doctor of Letters from Glasgow Caledonian University for their contributions to music and to the education and encouragement of young musicians.^[2]

In 2005, together with Edinburgh’s Phil Cunningham, he won the BBC’s “Best Duo of the Year” award.

In 2006, a television programme celebrating his 60th year, documenting Aly Bain's life and works, was broadcast by the BBC.

In 2006, Bain was inducted into the Scots Traditional Music Hall of Fame.

In 2007, Bain and Cunningham celebrated their 20th anniversary of touring as a fiddle and accordion duo. Bain also tours with Swedish musician: (mandola player), Ale Möller, with whom he has recorded two albums.

In 2009 Bain collaborated with Nicola Benedetti to create on an hour long television programme for BBC Scotland: "When Nicola Benedetti Met Aly Bain", broadcast in 2009. In 2010, together with Pelicula Films and Billy Connolly, Bain made a further hour long television programme for BBC: "Fishing for Poetry", celebrating the life and works of the Scottish Poet, Norman MacCaig.

Discography[link]

Solo albums[link]

• Aly Bain First Album (1984)
• Lonely Bird (1992)
• The Best of Aly Bain:Volume One:A Fiddler's Tale (2008)

From television series[link]

• The Legendary Down Home Recordings
• Aly Bain Meets The Cajuns (1994)
• Aly Bain and Friends (1994)
• Aly Bain and Young Champions (2005)
• The Shetland Sessions [Vol. 1] (1992)
• The Shetland Sessions [Vol. 2] (1993)

The Transatlantic Sessions[link]

• Transatlantic Sessions 3 [Vol.1] (2007) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions 3 [Vol.2] (2008) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• The Original Transatlantic Sessions [Vol.1] (2008) (with Jay Ungar and various artists)
• The Original Transatlantic Sessions [Vol.2] (2008) (with Jay Ungar and various artists)
• The Original Transatlantic Sessions [Vol.3] (2009) (with Jay Ungar and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions 4[Vol.1] (2009) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions 4[Vol.2] (2010) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions 4[Vol.3] (2010) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)

With Mike Whellans[link]

• Aly Bain - Mike Whellans (1971)

With Willie Johnson[link]

• Shetland Folk Fiddle Volume 2 (1976)

With The Boys of the Lough[link]

• The Boys of the Lough (1973)
• Second Album (1973)
• Recorded Live (1975)
• Lochaber No More (1975)
• The Piper’s Broken Finger (1976)
• Good Friends-Good Music (1977)
• Wish You Were Here (1978)
• Re-Grouped (1980)
• In the Tradition
• Open Road (1983)
• Far from Home (1986)
• Welcoming Paddy Home (1986)
• Farewell and Remember Me (1987)
• Sweet Rural Shade' (1988)
• Live at The Carnegie Hall (1989)
• The Fair Hills of Ireland (1992)
• The Day Dawn (1994)
• The West of Ireland (1999)

With Tom Anderson[link]

• The Silver Bow (1995) (2008)

With Phil Cunningham[link]

• The Pearl (1995)
• The Ruby (1997)
• Another Gem (2000)
• Spring the Summer Long (2003)
• Best of Aly and Phil (2004)
• Roads Not Travelled (2006)
• Portrait (2010)

With Ale Möller[link]

• Fully Rigged (1999)
• Beyond the Stacks (2007)

With Tellef Kvifte, Henning Sommerro, Hanne Kjersti Yndestad and Leiv Solberg[link]

• North Sea Music (2006)

With BT Scottish Ensemble[link]

• Follow the Moonstone (1995) arr. Henning Sommerro

DVDs[link]

• Another Musical Interlude (2004) (with Phil Cunningham)
• Transatlantic Sessions Series 3 (2007) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)
• The Original Transatlantic Sessions: Series 1 (2008) (with Jay Ungar and various artists)
• Transatlantic Sessions Series 4 (2009) (with Jerry Douglas and various artists)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Aly Bain and Phil Cunningham Official Website