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Antelope Valley
The Antelope Valley in California, United States is located in northern Los Angeles County and the southeastern portion of Kern County, California and constitutes the western tip of the Mojave Desert. It is situated between the Tehachapi and the San Gabriel Mountains.
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Baltimore
Baltimore () is the largest independent city in the United States and the largest city and cultural center of the U.S. state of Maryland. The city is located in central Maryland along the tidal portion of the Patapsco River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay. Baltimore is sometimes referred to as Baltimore City in order to distinguish it from surrounding Baltimore County. Founded in 1729, Baltimore is a major U.S. seaport and is situated closer to major Midwestern markets than any other major seaport on the East Coast. Baltimore's Inner Harbor was once the second leading port of entry for immigrants to the United States and a major manufacturing center. The harbor is now home to Harborplace, a shopping, entertainment, and tourist center, and the National Aquarium in Baltimore. After a decline in manufacturing, Baltimore shifted to a service-oriented economy. Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins Hospital are now the city's largest employers.
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Buffalo, New York
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Czechoslovakia
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Edgewood, Maryland
Edgewood is a census-designated place (CDP) in Harford County, Maryland, United States. The population was 23,378 at the 2000 census.
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El Cajon, California
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Hordern Pavilion
The Hordern Pavilion is a building located in Moore Park, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, on the grounds of the old Sydney Showground. "The Hordern", as it is affectionally known by Sydneysiders, has been an architecturally and socially significant Sydney landmark since its construction in 1924. Now best known as a dance party and rock concert venue, the Hordern Pavilion was originally constructed to meet the increasing demands for exhibition space at the Royal Easter Show.
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Lithuania
Lithuania (, U.S. usually ; ), officially the Republic of Lithuania () is a country in Northern Europe, the southernmost of the three Baltic states. Situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, it shares borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland, and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad to the southwest.
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Maryland
Maryland () is an American state located in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Maryland has the highest median household income of any state, with a median income of $70,545. Maryland was the seventh state to ratify the United States Constitution, and three nicknames for it, the Old Line State, the Free State, and the Chesapeake Bay State are occasionally used.
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Marzahn
http://wn.com/Marzahn -
Monterey, California
The City of Monterey in Monterey County is located on Monterey Bay along the Pacific coast in Central California. Monterey lies at an elevation of 26 feet (8 m) above sea level. As of 2005, the city population was 30,641. The city is noted for its rich history of resident artists beginning in the late 19th century, and its historically famed fishery.
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Montreux Casino
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Ontario, California
Ontario is a city located in San Bernardino County, California, United States. As of the 2000 Census, the city had a total population of 170,373. It is the home of LA/Ontario International Airport and the Ontario Mills. It is also the former home of the Ontario Motor Speedway. It takes its name from the Ontario Model Colony development established in 1882 by the Canadian engineer George Chaffey and his brothers William Chaffey and Charles Chaffey. They named the settlement after their home province of Ontario, Canada.
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ORWOhaus
The ORWOhaus is a Berlin-based musical collective. It is located in an 1970s industrial building in Marzahn-Hellersdorf district of Berlin.
http://wn.com/ORWOhaus -
Oslo
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Partinico
Partinico (Sicilian: Partinicu) is a town and comune in the province of Palermo, Sicily, southern Italy. It is located at 30 km from Palermo and 71 from Trapani.
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Pasadena, California
Pasadena () is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Famous for hosting the annual Rose Bowl football game and Tournament of Roses Parade, Pasadena is the home of many leading scientific and cultural institutions, including the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena City College (PCC), NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Art Center College of Design, the Pasadena Playhouse, California School of Culinary Arts Pasadena, the Norton Simon Museum of Art and the Pacific Asia Museum. As of 2009, the estimated population of Pasadena is 143,667, making it the 168th largest city in the United States. Pasadena is the seventh largest city in Los Angeles County, and the first to be incorporated in Los Angeles CountyIt is one of the main cultural centers of the San Gabriel Valley and is the setting of many TV shows including Brothers & Sisters and The Big Bang Theory.
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Pinewood Studios
Pinewood Studios is a major British film studio situated in Iver Heath, Buckinghamshire. Approximately west of Central London on what was the estate of Heatherden Hall, the studios were created in 1934 by Charles Boot and built within 12 months by the Henry Boot Company of Sheffield. Boot drew his inspiration from the latest Hollywood movie studios. J. Arthur Rank later took control of both Pinewood and Denham Film Studios, which were often used by producer Alexander Korda.
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Pomona College
Pomona College is a private, residential, liberal arts college located in Claremont, California. It has ranked in the top ten of liberal arts colleges nationally according to the U.S. News & World Report rankings since their inception and is currently ranked sixth. In 2009, Kiplinger ranked Pomona first among the liberal arts colleges in America. Founded in 1887 in Pomona, California, by a group of Congregationalists, the college moved to Claremont in 1889 to the site of a donated hotel, retaining its name. The school enrolls 1,548 students.
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San Fernando Valley
[[Image:San Fernando Valley vista.jpg|thumb|right|400px|San Fernando Valley looking northeast; from the [http://www.lamountains.com/parks.asp?parkid=59 Top of Topanga Overlook Park] above foreground Woodland Hills]]
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Vilnius
Vilnius (, see also other names) is the capital of Lithuania, and its largest city, with a population of 560,190 (850,324 together with Vilnius County) as of 2010. is the seat of the Vilnius city municipality and of the Vilnius district municipality. It is also the capital of Vilnius County.
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Zappanale
Zappanale is an annual music festival held outside Bad Doberan, a German town previously part of East Germany. The festival was first held in 1990, and the program features various bands performing the music of the late composer and guitarist Frank Zappa. Many musicians who have previously played with Zappa have performed at the festival over the years.
http://wn.com/Zappanale
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"Weird Al" Yankovic
http://wn.com/"Weird_Al"_Yankovic -
Ahmet Zappa
Ahmet Emuukha Rodan Zappa (born May 15, 1974) is an American musician, actor and novelist.
http://wn.com/Ahmet_Zappa -
Al Gore
Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr. (born March 31, 1948) served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. He was the Democratic Party nominee for President in the 2000 U.S. presidential election.
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Alban Berg
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Alexander Knaifel
Alexander Aronovich Knaifel (, (also Knayfel', Knayfel, or Kneifel); born November 28, 1943 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan) is a Russian (by nationality, of Russian Jewish ethnicity) composer known for his operas The Ghost of Canterville and Alice in Wonderland as well as for his music for cinema.
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Alice Cooper
Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American rock singer, songwriter and musician whose career spans more than four decades. With a stage show that features guillotines, electric chairs, fake blood, boa constrictors and baby dolls, Cooper has drawn equally from horror movies, vaudeville, and garage rock to pioneer a grandly theatrical and violent brand of heavy metal that was designed to shock.
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Anton Webern
http://wn.com/Anton_Webern -
Arab
http://wn.com/Arab -
Arnold Schoenberg
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Art Laboe
Art Laboe (born Arthur Egnoian c.1925) is an American pioneering disc jockey, songwriter, record producer, and radio station owner who is generally credited with coining the term "Oldies But Goodies.".
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Aynsley Dunbar
Aynsley Thomas Dunbar (born 10 January 1946) is an English drummer. He has worked with some of the top names in rock, including John Mayall, Frank Zappa, Ian Hunter, Lou Reed, Jefferson Starship, Jeff Beck, David Bowie, Whitesnake, Sammy Hagar, UFO, and Journey. Dunbar is ranked by Rolling Stone as the twenty-seventh greatest drummer of all time.
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Barry Miles
Barry Miles (or "Miles", born 1943, Cirencester, England) is a British author, luminary of the 1960s underground and businessman. In the 1960s, he was co-owner of the Indica Gallery and helped start the International Times.
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Bill Frisell
William Richard "Bill" Frisell (born March 18, 1951) is an American guitarist and composer.
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Bob Dylan
http://wn.com/Bob_Dylan -
Bruce Fowler
Bruce Lambourne Fowler is a prominent American trombone player and composer. He notably played trombone on many Frank Zappa records, as well as with Captain Beefheart, and in the Fowler Brothers Band. Currently, he composes and arranges music for movies, and has been the composer, orchestrator, or conductor for many popular films.
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Cal Schenkel
Cal Schenkel (born January 27, 1947) is an artist specialising in album cover design. He was the main visual collaborator for Frank Zappa and was responsible for the art and graphic design of many of Zappa's most well-known album covers. Schenkel's work is iconic and distinctive in style; a forerunner of punk art and the new wave era. Schenkel is an active artist who lives and works in Pennsylvania.
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Captain Beefheart
Don Van Vliet (; born Don Glen Vliet, January 15, 1941) is an American musician and visual artist best known by the stage name Captain Beefheart. His musical work was conducted with a rotating ensemble of musicians called The Magic Band, active between 1965 and 1982, with whom he recorded 12 studio albums. Noted for his powerful singing voice with its wide range, Van Vliet also played the harmonica, saxophone, bass clarinet, piccolo oboe and shehnai. His music blended rock, blues and psychedelia with free jazz, avant-garde and contemporary experimental composition. An iconoclastic mix of complex instrumentation, atonal melodies, and often humorously surreal lyrics, it was crafted through dictatorial control over his musicians and creative vision.
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Charles Ives
http://wn.com/Charles_Ives -
Chester Thompson
Chester Cortez Thompson (born December 11, 1948 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American drummer and session musician.
http://wn.com/Chester_Thompson -
Clawfinger
Clawfinger is a rap metal band from Scandinavia and was one of the earliest bands to adopt this sound. Clawfinger is known for aggressive but melodic music and tackling political and anti-racist themes in their songs.
http://wn.com/Clawfinger -
Devin Townsend
Devin Garret Townsend (born May 5, 1972) is a Canadian musician and record producer. He was the founder, songwriter, vocalist, and guitarist in extreme metal band Strapping Young Lad from 1994 to 2006 and has had an extensive career as a solo artist.
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Diva Zappa
Diva Thin Muffin Pigeen Zappa (born July 30, 1979) is an American artist, actress and musician. She is the youngest daughter of musician Frank Zappa.
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Don Pardo
Dominick George "Don" Pardo (born February 22, 1918) is an American radio and television announcer. He is noted for his long association with NBC, and in particular with Saturday Night Live, for which he has been the announcer for all but one of its seasons, and continues today as the program's announcer, several years after his official retirement from NBC.
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Dweezil Zappa
Dweezil Zappa (born September 5, 1969) is an American rock guitarist.
http://wn.com/Dweezil_Zappa -
Ed Mann
Ed Mann has been "a drummer and piano dabbler since childhood", best known for his mallet percusion recorded and live work with Frank Zappa from 1977 to the end of Zappa's career.
http://wn.com/Ed_Mann -
Eddie Jobson
Edwin "Eddie" Jobson (born 28 April 1955) is an English keyboardist and violinist noted for his use of synthesizers. He has been a member of several progressive rock bands, including Curved Air, Roxy Music, 801, U.K., and Jethro Tull. He was also part of Frank Zappa's band in 1976-77. Aside from his keyboard work Jobson has also gained acclaim for his violin playing.
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Edgard Varèse
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Fee Waybill
John Waldo Waybill (born 17 September 1950, Omaha, Nebraska), known as Fee Waybill, is the lead singer and songwriter of the band, The Tubes. He has worked with other acts, including Toto, Richard Marx, and on projects headed by Billy Sherwood.
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Francesco Zappa
http://wn.com/Francesco_Zappa -
Frank Zappa
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa -
French American
French Americans or Franco-Americans are Americans of French descent. About 11.8 million U.S. residents are of French descent, and about 1.6 million speak French at home.
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Fritz Hollings
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Gail Zappa
Gail Zappa (born Adelaide Gail Sloatman, January 1, 1945) was the second wife of the late musician and composer Frank Zappa and is the executor of the Zappa Family Trust. They met in 1966 when she was working at the Whisky a Go Go in Los Angeles, and they were married on September 21, 1967, while she was pregnant with her first child, Moon Zappa. The marriage also produced children Dweezil Zappa, Ahmet Zappa, and Diva Zappa. She is an aunt to model/actress Lala Sloatman.
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Genesis P-Orridge
Genesis Breyer P-Orridge (born Neil Andrew Megson 22 February 1950) is an English singer-songwriter, musician, writer and artist. His early confrontational performance work in COUM Transmissions in the late 1960s and early 1970s along with the industrial band Throbbing Gristle, which dealt with subjects such as prostitution, pornography, serial killers, occultism and his own exploration of gender issues, generated controversy. Later musical work with Psychic TV received wider exposure, including some chart-topping singles. P-Orridge is credited on over 200 releases.
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George Duke
George Duke (born 12 January 1946 in San Rafael, California) is a piano and synthesizer pioneer and singer. He made a name for himself with the album The Jean-Luc Ponty Experience with the George Duke Trio. He is known for his solo work as well as for his collaborations with other musicians, particularly Frank Zappa.
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George Winston
George Winston (born 1949) is an American pianist who was born in Michigan, and grew up mainly in Eastern Montana as well as Mississippi and Florida. He attended Stetson University in Deland, Florida and lives in Santa Cruz, California.
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Gook
Gook // is a derogatory term for East Asians or Koreans, which came to prominence in the context of warfare to refer to enemy soldiers.
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Greek people
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Herb Cohen
Herbert "Herb" Cohen (December 30, 1932 – March 16, 2010) was an American personal manager, record company executive, and music publisher, best known as the manager of Frank Zappa, Tom Waits, and many other Los Angeles-based musicians in the 1960s and 1970s.
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Howard Kaylan
Howard Kaylan (born Howard Kaplan; 22 June 1947) is an American rock and roll musician, best known as a founding member and lead singer of the 1960s band, The Turtles, and "Eddie" of 1970's rock band Flo & Eddie.
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Igor Stravinsky
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Ike Willis
Ike Willis is a singer and guitarist who was a regular sideman for Frank Zappa, first joining Zappa's band for the fall 1978 tour and remaining in the band for several years. He did not tour with Zappa in 1981 and 1982 for personal reasons, but returned to touring with Zappa for his final two tours in 1984 (which Zappa intended at the time to be his final tour) and 1988. He currently tours with the Frank Zappa tribute bands Bogus Pomp, Project/Object and Ugly Radio Rebellion. He's also performed several times with the Brazilian Zappa cover band, The Central Scrutinizer Band. He is most recognized for his involvement in Zappa records such as ''Joe's Garage, Tinsel Town Rebellion, You Are What You Is'' and as the title character and narrator in Zappa's off-Broadway-styled conceptual musical Thing-Fish.
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Italian American
An Italian American ( singular, plural) is an American of Italian ancestry. The designation may also refer to someone possessing Italian and American dual citizenship. Italian Americans are the fourth largest European ethnic group in the United States.
http://wn.com/Italian_American -
Jean-Luc Ponty
Jean-Luc Ponty (born September 29, 1942, Avranches, France) is a French virtuoso violinist and jazz composer.
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Jerry Falwell
http://wn.com/Jerry_Falwell -
Jim Pons
Jim Pons (born March 14, 1943, Santa Monica, California, United States) was a bass guitarist and singer for several 1960s rock bands, including The Leaves, The Turtles, and The Mothers of Invention.
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John Belushi
http://wn.com/John_Belushi -
John Cage
http://wn.com/John_Cage -
John Guerin
http://wn.com/John_Guerin -
John Lennon
http://wn.com/John_Lennon -
John Lofton
John Lofton is an American paleoconservative political commentator and editor of The American View radio program run by Michael Peroutka. Lofton has also been a newspaper editor, a journalist, a columnist, and a political advisor. Describing himself as a "recovering Republican," Lofton is most closely allied with the Constitution Party.
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John Zorn
John Zorn (born September 2, 1953 in New York City) is an American avant-garde composer, arranger, record producer, saxophonist and multi-instrumentalist.
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Keith Moon
http://wn.com/Keith_Moon -
Kent Nagano
__FORCETOC__
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Ladislav Brozek
http://wn.com/Ladislav_Brozek -
Lenny Bruce
Leonard Alfred Schneider (October 13, 1925 – August 3, 1966), better known by the stage name Lenny Bruce, was an extremely influential and controversial American stand-up comedian, writer, social critic and satirist of the 1950s and 1960s, whose comedy revolved heavily around the social stigmas and taboos of the era in which he lived. His 1964 conviction in an obscenity trial was followed by a posthumous pardon, the first in New York state history.
http://wn.com/Lenny_Bruce -
Lew Ayres
Lew Ayres, born Lewis Frederick Ayres III (December 28, 1908 – December 30, 1996) was an American actor, probably best known for his role as Dr. Kildare in several movies, which was apt since originally he had studied medicine at the University of Arizona.
http://wn.com/Lew_Ayres -
Mark Volman
Mark Volman (born April 19, 1947) is an American rock and roll singer, best known as a founding member of the 1960s band The Turtles. At times during his career he has used the pseudonym "The Phlorescent Leech" ("Flo" for short).
http://wn.com/Mark_Volman -
Matt Groening
Matthew Abram "Matt" Groening ( ; born February 15, 1954) is an American cartoonist, screenwriter and producer. He is the creator of the comic strip Life in Hell as well as two successful television series, The Simpsons and Futurama.
http://wn.com/Matt_Groening -
Maurice Ravel
Joseph-Maurice Ravel (March 7, 1875December 28, 1937) was a French composer of Impressionist music known especially for his melodies, orchestral and instrumental textures and effects. Much of his piano music, chamber music, vocal music and orchestral music has entered the standard concert repertoire.
http://wn.com/Maurice_Ravel -
Merzbow
is the main recording name of Japanese noise musician . Since 1979 he has released in excess of 350 recordings on numerous independent record labels.
http://wn.com/Merzbow -
Michael Brecker
Michael Leonard Brecker (March 29, 1949 – January 13, 2007) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. Acknowledged as "a quiet, gentle musician widely regarded as the most influential tenor saxophonist since John Coltrane," he has been awarded 15 Grammy Awards as both performer and composer and was inducted into Down Beat Jazz Hall of Fame in 2007.
http://wn.com/Michael_Brecker -
Michael H. Kenyon
Michael Hubert Kenyon (born c. 1944 in Elgin, Illinois) is an American criminal nicknamed the Enema Bandit. He pleaded guilty to a decade-long series of armed robberies of female victims, some of which involved sexual assaults where he would give them enemas. He is also known as the "Champaign Enema Bandit," the "Ski Masked Bandit", and "The Illinois Enema Bandit".
http://wn.com/Michael_H_Kenyon -
Mike Portnoy
Michael Stephen "Mike" Portnoy (born April 20, 1967) is an American drummer primarily known as the former drummer and backing vocalist for the progressive metal band Dream Theater and the current drummer for Avenged Sevenfold. Known for his drumming prowess and technical skill, Portnoy has won 23 awards from the Modern Drummer magazine. He has co-produced the last six Dream Theater albums with guitarist John Petrucci, starting from . From A Change of Season onwards, Portnoy had been writing a substantial amount of Dream Theater's lyrics, filling the void left by Kevin Moore, who left the band after the band's release of Awake. He is the second youngest person (after Neil Peart) to be inducted into the ''Modern Drummer's Hall of Fame'' (at 37 years of age).
http://wn.com/Mike_Portnoy -
Motherfucker
Motherfucker (sometimes abbreviated as mofo, mf, or '''mf'er''') is a vulgarism which, in its most literal sense, refers to one who participates in sexual intercourse with a mother.
http://wn.com/Motherfucker -
Nicolas Slonimsky
http://wn.com/Nicolas_Slonimsky -
Pat Robertson
Marion Gordon "Pat" Robertson (born March 22, 1930) is a media mogul, television evangelist, ex-Baptist minister and business man who espouses American Christian Right political views.
http://wn.com/Pat_Robertson -
Paul Humphrey
Paul Nelson Humphrey (born October 12, 1935 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American jazz and funk/R+B drummer.
http://wn.com/Paul_Humphrey -
Paul McCartney
http://wn.com/Paul_McCartney -
Paula Hawkins
http://wn.com/Paula_Hawkins -
Pierre Boulez
Pierre Boulez () (born March 26, 1925) is a French composer of contemporary classical music and a conductor.
http://wn.com/Pierre_Boulez -
Randy Brecker
http://wn.com/Randy_Brecker -
Ray White
Ray White is a soul vocalist and rock and blues guitarist, best-known as a member of Frank Zappa's touring ensembles. He was drafted into Zappa's band in the fall of 1976, being featured on rhythm guitar and vocals, forming a memorable vocal harmony partnership with Ike Willis on later tours in 1980 and 1984. Ray's vocals can be heard on Zappa in New York (March 1978), You Are What You Is (Sept 1981) as well as others.
http://wn.com/Ray_White -
Ringo Starr
Richard Starkey, MBE (born 7 July 1940), better known by his stage name Ringo Starr, is an English musician, singer-songwriter, and actor who gained worldwide fame as the drummer for The Beatles. When the band formed in 1960, Starr belonged to another Liverpool band, Rory Storm and the Hurricanes. He became the Beatles' drummer in 1962, taking over from Pete Best. In addition to his contribution as drummer, Starr featured as lead singer on a number of successful Beatles songs (in particular, "With a Little Help from My Friends", "Yellow Submarine", and the Beatles version of "Act Naturally") and as songwriter with the songs "Don't Pass Me By", "What Goes On" and "Octopus's Garden".
http://wn.com/Ringo_Starr -
Robert Gluck
Robert Gluck is an American composer of electronic music and installation works. Currently, he is an Associate professor at the University of Albany and Associate Director at the Electronic Music Foundation.
http://wn.com/Robert_Gluck -
Ronald Reagan
http://wn.com/Ronald_Reagan -
Roy Estrada
http://wn.com/Roy_Estrada -
Ruth Underwood
Ruth Underwood (born Ruth Komanoff on May 23, 1946) is a retired professional musician, best known for playing xylophone, marimba, vibraphone and other percussion instruments in Frank Zappa's Mothers of Invention from 1967 to 1977.
http://wn.com/Ruth_Underwood -
Sheila Dixon
Sheila Ann Dixon (born December 27, 1953) is a former American politician. She was the forty-eighth Mayor of Baltimore, Maryland. When former Mayor Martin O'Malley was sworn in as Governor on January 17, 2007, Dixon, a Democrat, became mayor and served out the remaining year of O'Malley's term. In November 2007, she was elected mayor. She is a former member of the Baltimore City Council, the first African-American female to serve as its president, and Baltimore's first female mayor. She is also Baltimore's third African-American mayor.
http://wn.com/Sheila_Dixon -
Shuggie Otis
Shuggie Otis (born Johnny Alexander Veliotes on November 30, 1953) is an American R&B;, soul, rock, blues, and funk singer-songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist. His composition "Strawberry Letter 23", covered by The Brothers Johnson, topped the Billboard R&B; chart and reached the top five of the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1977. His 1975 single "Inspiration Information" reached number fifty-six on the R&B; chart.
http://wn.com/Shuggie_Otis -
Simon & Garfunkel
Simon & Garfunkel are an American singer-songwriter duo consisting of Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel. They formed the group Tom & Jerry in 1957, and had their first taste of success with the minor hit "Hey, Schoolgirl". As Simon & Garfunkel, the duo rose to fame in 1965, backed by the hit single "The Sounds of Silence". Their music was featured in the landmark film The Graduate, propelling them further into the public consciousness.
http://wn.com/Simon_&_Garfunkel -
Simon Reynolds
Simon Reynolds (born 1963 in London, England; raised in Hertfordshire) is an English music critic who is well-known for his writings on electronic dance music and for coining the term "post-rock". Besides electronic dance music, Reynolds has written about a wide range of artists and musical genres, and has written books on post-punk and rock. He has contributed to Melody Maker (where he first made his name), The New York Times, Village Voice, Spin, The Guardian, Rolling Stone, The Observer, Artforum, New Statesman, The Wire, Mojo, Uncut, and others. He currently resides in the East Village in New York City, USA with his wife, Joy Press, and their children, Kieran and Tasmine.
http://wn.com/Simon_Reynolds -
Steve Allen
Stephen Valentine Patrick William "Steve" Allen ( – ) was an American television personality, musician, actor, comedian, and writer. Though he got his start in radio, Allen is best-known for his television career. He first gained national attention as a guest host on ''Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts. He graduated to become the first host of The Tonight Show, where he was instrumental in innovating the concept of the television talk show. Thereafter, he hosted numerous game and variety shows, including The Steve Allen Show, I've Got a Secret, The New Steve Allen Show'', and was a regular panel member on CBS' ''What's My Line?''
http://wn.com/Steve_Allen -
Steve Vai
Steven Siro "Steve" Vai (born June 6, 1960) is a three time Grammy Award-winning Italian-American rock guitarist, songwriter, vocalist and producer. After starting his professional career as a music transcriptionist for Frank Zappa, Vai recorded and toured in Zappa's band for two years, from 1980 to 1982. The guitarist began a solo career in 1983 and has released 13 solo albums as of 2008. Apart from his work with Frank Zappa, Vai has also recorded and toured with Public Image Ltd., Alcatrazz, David Lee Roth, and Whitesnake. Vai has been a regular touring member of the G3 Concert Tour which began in 1996. In 1999 Vai started his own record label, Favored Nations, intending to showcase, as Vai describes, "...artists that have attained the highest performance level on their chosen instruments."
http://wn.com/Steve_Vai -
Terry Bozzio
Terry John Bozzio (December 27, 1950) is an American drummer best known for his work with Missing Persons and Frank Zappa.
http://wn.com/Terry_Bozzio -
Theodore Bikel
Theodore Meir Bikel (born May 2, 1924) is a character actor, folk singer and musician. He made his film debut in The African Queen (1951) and was nominated for an Academy award for his supporting role as Sheriff Max Muller in The Defiant Ones (1958).
http://wn.com/Theodore_Bikel -
Timothy Carey
http://wn.com/Timothy_Carey -
Tipper Gore
http://wn.com/Tipper_Gore -
Tommy Mars
Tommy Mars (real name Tommy Mariano) is a keyboard player, best known for his work with Frank Zappa.
http://wn.com/Tommy_Mars -
Vinnie Colaiuta
Vincent Colaiuta (born February 5, 1956) is an American drummer based in Los Angeles. Originally from Republic, Pennsylvania, he began playing drums as a child and received his first full drum kit from his parents at the age of 14. He is notable for his technical skill and his musical versatility, having played with many artists from a wide variety of genres.
http://wn.com/Vinnie_Colaiuta -
Václav Havel
http://wn.com/Václav_Havel -
Warren DeMartini
Warren Justin DeMartini (born April 10, 1963), nicknamed Torch, is the lead guitarist for Ratt, a popular American band during the mid-to-late 1980s Los Angeles glam metal scene.
http://wn.com/Warren_DeMartini -
Wild Man Fischer
Larry "Wild Man" Fischer (born Lawrence Wayne Fischer, November 6, 1944 in Los Angeles, California) is a prolific songwriter in the outsider genre. He is notable for being responsible for Rhino Records' first release, Go To Rhino Records (1975). Described by Allmusic as "certified paranoid schizophrenic and acid casualty", Fischer's highly unusual style has developed a cult following.
http://wn.com/Wild_Man_Fischer -
Yoko Ono
is a Japanese artist, musician, author and peace activist, known for her work in avant-garde art, music and filmmaking as well as her marriage to John Lennon. Ono brought feminism to the forefront through her music, and is also considered a pioneer and major influence of the 1970s new wave genre. She is a supporter of gay rights and is known for her philanthropic contributions to the arts, peace and AIDS outreach programs.
http://wn.com/Yoko_Ono -
Zappa Records
http://wn.com/Zappa_Records -
Zubin Mehta
Zubin Mehta (born 29 April 1936) is an Indian conductor of Western classical music.
http://wn.com/Zubin_Mehta
Zappa, Frank Filmography
- 1982. L'estate di Frank (2012)
- Hart and Soul: The Hart Family Anthology (2010)
- The Wrecking Crew (2008)
- I Love the '70s: Volume 2 (2006)
- Derailroaded (2005)
- Fuck (2005)
- 100 Most Metal Moments (2004)
- Hollywood Rocks the Movies: The 1970s (2002)
- Frank Zappa: Phase II - The Big Note (2002)
- The Male Swagger (1999)
- Hey, Hey We're the Monkees (1997)
- Beasts (1993)
- The Revenge of the Dead Indians (1993)
- The Yellow Shark (1992)
- The Yellow Shark (1992)
- Peefeeyatko (1991)
- Peefeeyatko (1991)
- Prazakum tem je hej (1991)
- Tom Arnold: The Naked Truth (1991)
- Peefeeyatko (1991)
- Decade (1989)
- Circus of the Stars #14 (1989)
- Funny (1989)
- Cousteau: Alaska: Outrage at Valdez (1989)
- The True Story of Frank Zappa's 200 Motels (1988)
- The True Story of Frank Zappa's 200 Motels (1988)
- The True Story of Frank Zappa's 200 Motels (1988)
- The True Story of Frank Zappa's 200 Motels (1988)
- The True Story of Frank Zappa's 200 Motels (1988)
- Uncle Meat (1987)
- The Amazing Mr. Bickford (1987)
- Uncle Meat (1987)
- Uncle Meat (1987)
- The Amazing Mr. Bickford (1987)
- The Amazing Mr. Bickford (1987)
- Uncle Meat (1987)
- The Howard Stern Show (1987)
- The Amazing Mr. Bickford (1987)
- The Amazing Mr. Bickford (1987)
- Uncle Meat (1987)
- Uncle Meat (1987)
- Video from Hell (1985)
- Does Humor Belong in Music? (1985)
- Does Humor Belong in Music? (1985)
- Video from Hell (1985)
- Does Humor Belong in Music? (1985)
- Video from Hell (1985)
- Does Humor Belong in Music? (1985)
- Video from Hell (1985)
- Does Humor Belong in Music? (1985)
- Does Humor Belong in Music? (1985)
- Video from Hell (1985)
- The Dub Room Special! (1984)
- The Dub Room Special! (1984)
- The Dub Room Special! (1984)
- The Dub Room Special! (1984)
- Cocaine Blues (1983)
- Baby Snakes (1979)
- Baby Snakes (1979)
- Baby Snakes (1979)
- Baby Snakes (1979)
- Baby Snakes (1979)
- Baby Snakes (1979)
- 200 Motels (1971)
- 200 Motels (1971)
- 200 Motels (1971)
- 200 Motels (1971)
- Sex in Today's World (1968)
- Head (1968)
- You Are What You Eat (1968)
- Mondo Hollywood (1967)
- Inside Pop: The Rock Revolution (1967)
- Run Home Slow (1965)
- The World's Greatest Sinner (1962)
karaoke
give me your dirty love
like ya might surrender to some dragon inyour dreams
give me your dirty love
like a pink donation to the dragon in your dreams
i don't need your sweet devotion and i don't want your cheap emotion
wip me up some dragon lotion for your dirty love
your dirty love
give me your dirty love
like some tacky little pamphlet in your daddy's bottom drawer
give me your dirty love
i don't believe you've never seen his book before
i don't need no consolation and i don't want your reservation
i only got one destination and that's your dirty love
give me your dirty love
just like yo mama make her fuzzy poodle do
give me your dirty love
the way yo mama make that nasty poodle chew
i'll ignore yo cheap aroma and yo little bo peep diploma
i'll just put you in a coma with some dirty love
some dirty love
that dirty love
that dirty love
poodle bites
poodle chews it
com'on frenchy
poodle bites
poodle chews it
com'on frenchy
RELEASE
ALBUMS
- Convocation / The Purple Lagoon
- Dancin' Fool
- Peaches En Regalia
- The Torture Never Stops
- Tryin to Grow a Chin
- City of Tiny Lites
- Baby Snakes
- Pound for a Brown
- Congress Shall Make No Law
- Perhaps in Maryland
- Thou Shalt Have No Other Gods Before Me
- Thou Shalt Not Make Unto Thee Any Graven Image — Any Likeness of Anything in Heaven Above, nor in the Earth Beneath, nor in the Water Under the Earth
- Thou Shalt Not Take the Name of the Lord Thy God in Vain
- Thou Shalt Keep Holy the Sabbath Day
- Thou Shalt Honor Thy Father and Thy Mother
- Thou Shalt Not Kill
- Thou Shalt Not Commit Adultery
- Thou Shalt Not Steal
- Thou Shalt Not Bear False Witness Against Thy Neighbor
- Thou Shalt Not Covet the House of Thy Neighbor, the Wife of Thy Neighbor, nor His Male Servant, nor His Female Servant, nor His Ass, nor Anything That Belongs to Thy Neighbor
- Reagan at Bitburg Some More
- The Purple Lagoon
- Stink-Foot
- The Poodle Lecture
- Dirty Love
- Wind Up Workin' in a Gas Station
- Tryin' to Grow a Chin
- The Torture Never Stops
- City of Tiny Lites
- You Didn't Try to Call Me
- Manx Needs Women
- Chrissy Puked Twice
- I Sink Trap [FZ's Original Edit for Capitol Records]
- II Gum Joy [FZ's Original Edit for Capitol Records]
- III Up & Down [FZ's Original Edit for Capitol Records]
- IV Local Butcher [FZ's Original Edit for Capitol Records]
- V Gypsy Airs [FZ's Original Edit for Capitol Records]
- VI Hunchy Punchy [FZ's Original Edit for Capitol Records]
- VII Foamy Soaky [FZ's Original Edit for Capitol Records]
- VIII Let's Eat Out [FZ's Original Edit for Capitol Records]
- IX Teen-Age Grand Finale [FZ's Original Edit for Capitol Records]
- Are You Hung Up?
- Who Needs the Peace Corps?
- Concentration Moon
- Mom & Dad
- Telephone Conversation
- Bow Tie Daddy
- Harry, You're a Beast
- What's the Ugliest Part of Your Body?
- Absolutely Free
- Flower Punk
- Hot Poop
- Nasal Rententive Calliope Music
- Let's Make the Water Turn Black
- The Idiot Bastard Son
- Lonely Little Girl
- Take Your Clothes Off When You Dance
- What's the Ugliest Part of Your Body? (reprise)
- Mother People
- The Chrome Plated Megaphone of Destiny
- Peaches en Regalia
- I Am the Slime
- Purple Lagoon
- Dancin' Fool
- The Meek Shall Inherit Nothing
- St Alphonso's Pancake Breakfast
- Honey, Don't You Want a Man Like Me?
- The Illinois Enema Bandit
- Carolina Hard-Core Ecstasy
- Lonely Little Girl
- Take Your Clothes Off When You Dance
- What's the Ugliest Part of Your Body?
- Chunga's Revenge
- Zoot Allures
- And to Continue Now…
- It’s Just an Unflattering Angle
- Euro Law Reality
- Makes Its Own Sauce!
- Cat’s Nightmare
- Metropolis
- The Dissimilar Guest
- Promiscuity’s Finest Hour
- 1st on the Bill, Carved Up the Hill
- Peering into Dark Water
- No Smoking on Trailways
- Trick or Treat
- May Snap Shut on Closed Minds
- Spontaneous Combustion
- Under the Shitting Oyster
- In the Memory of Han Preston Blisterfield
- Look At Me Go!
- The 4th Lie
- Hageerk Olodnab
- Girl with the Laminated Resume
- Blue Bag Kenyons
- Caked Crab Reflections
- Epson Sauce
- Stone’s Been Chokin’
- The Virgin Judy
- Fifty‐Nine Morgan
- The Grand Wazoo
- For Calvin (and His Next Two Hitch‐Hikers)
- Cletus Awreetus‐Awrightus
- Eat That Question
- Blessed Relief
- Camarillo Brillo
- City of Tiny Lites
- Willy the Pimp
- Any Way the Wind Blows
- Stink‐Foot
- The Orange County Lumber Truck
- For Duane
- Stevie’s Spanking
- Ms. Pinky
- Bamboozled by Love
- A Token of My Extreme
- Who Needs the Peace Corps?
- Can’t Afford No Shoes
- Sam With the Showing Scalp Flat Top
- Teen‐Age Prostitute
- "It's OK to Be Smart..."
- Plastic People
- Don't Eat the Yellow Snow (single version)
- My Guitar Wants to Kill Your Mama
- "Obscenity Is a Legal Term..."
- Let's Make the Water Turn Black
- Trouble Every Day
- Transylvania Boogie
- Once Upon a Time
- Be in My Video
- Fine Girl
- "I Think the First Thing That I Did..."
- Dancin' Fool
- Goblin Girl
- "I Go Out There and Give 'em Everything That I Can..."
- Echidna's Arf (Of You)
- Royal March From L'Histoire Du Soldat
- "The Horrible Part of It Is..."
- Montana (single version)
- Drowning Witch
- "You Have Any Last Words..."
- NYC Halloween Audience
- Take Your Clothes Off When You Dance
- I Have Been in You
- Flakes
- Broken Hearts Are for Assholes
- I’m So Cute
- Jones Crusher
- What Ever Happened to All the Fun in the World
- Rat Tomago
- Wait a Minute
- Bobby Brown Goes Down
- Rubber Shirt
- The Sheik Yerbouti Tango
- Baby Snakes
- Tryin’ to Grow a Chin
- City of Tiny Lites
- Dancin’ Fool
- Jewish Princess
- Wild Love
- Yo’ Mama
- Chunga's Revenge
- Keep It Greasy
- Outside Now
- City of Tiny Lites
- Teenage Wind
- Bamboozeled by Love
- Pick Me I'm Clean
- Society Pages
- Beautiful Guy
- Beauty Knows No Pain
- Charlie's Enormous Mouth
- Dancin' Fool
- Bobby Brown
- Ms. Pinky
- I Don't Wanna Get Drafted
- The Illinois Enema Bandit
- In France
- Truck Driver Divorce
- Cocaine Decisions
- Sharleena
- Carolina Hard-Core Ecstasy
- Advance Romance
- Lucille Has Messed My Mind Up
- Teenage Wind
- He's So Gay
- Keep It Greasy
- Honey, Don't You Want a Man Like Me?
- Oh No
- More Trouble Every Day
- Penguine in Bondage
select all
add to playlist
1978-09-03: Saarbrücken 1978: Open Air Festival, Saarbrücken, Germany
Released 1991
Released 1991
- Dancin' Fool
- Easy Meat
- Honey Don't You Want a Man Like Me?
- Keep It Greasy
- Village of the Sun
- The Meek Shall Inherit Nothing
- City of Tiny Lites
- Pound for a Brown
- Bobby Brown
- Conehead
- Flakes
- Magic Fingers
- Don't Eat the Yellow Snow
- Nanook Rubs It
- Saint Alphonso's Pancake Breakfast
- Rollo
- Bamboozled by Love
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1980-05-24: Boot the Beats: The Ahoy, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Released 1991
Released 1991
- Chunga's Revenge
- Keep It Greasy
- Outside Now
- City of Tiny Lites
- Bamboozled by Love
- You Are What You Is
- Easy Meat
- Joe's Garage
- Why Does It Hurt When I Pee?
- Bobby Brown
- Ms. Pinky
- I Don't Wanna Get Drafted
- The Illinois Enema Bandit
- Dancin' Fool
select all
add to playlist
The Man From Utopia / Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch
Released 1988
Released 1988
- Cocaine Decisions
- The Dangerous Kitchen
- Tink Walks Amok
- The Radio Is Broken
- Moggio
- The Man From Utopia Meets Mary Lou (medley)
- Stick Together
- Sex
- The Jazz Discharge Party Hats
- We Are Not Alone
- No, Not Now
- Valley Girl
- I Come From Nowhere
- Drowning Witch
- Envelopes
- Teen‐Age Prostitute
- Are You Hung Up?
- Who Needs The Peace Corps?
- Concentration Moon
- Mom & Dad
- Telephone Conversation
- Bow Tie Daddy
- Harry, You're A Beast
- What's The Ugliest Part Of Your Body?
- Absolutely Free
- Flower Punk
- Hot Poop
- Nasal Rententive Calliope Music
- Let's Make The Water Turn Black
- The Idiot Bastard Son
- Lonely Little Girl
- Take Your Clothes Off When You Dance
- What's The Ugliest Part Of Your Body (Reprise)
- Mother People
- The Chrome Plated Megaphone Of Destiny
- Lumpy Gravy I
- Lumpy Gravy II
- Sad Jane: 1st Movement
- Sad Jane: 2nd Movement
- Pedro’s Dowry (large orchestra version)
- Envelopes
- Mo ’n Herb’s Vacation: A. First Movement
- Mo ’n Herb’s Vacation: B. Second Movement
- Mo ’n Herb’s Vacation: C. Third Movement
- Chunga’s Revenge
- Mudd Club
- The Meek
- Joe’s Garage
- Golden Arches
- Cosmik Debris
- Keep It Greasey
- Pick Me, I’m Clean
- The Illinois Enema Bandit
- You Didn’t Try to Call Me
- No Heart
- Love of My Life
- City of Tiny Lights
- Tuning
- Heavy Duty Judy
- Packard Goose Medley
- Any Kind of Pain
- More Trouble Every Day
- Penguin in Bondage
- Hot Plate Heaven at the Green Hotel
- Cosmik Debris
- Inca Roads
- Advance Romance
- Bobby Brown
- Keep It Greasey
- The Torture Never Stops Medley
- Big Swifty
- Joe's Garage
- Why Does It Hurt When I Pee?
- Peaches En Regalia
- Stairway to Heaven
- Whippin' Post
- I Am the Walrus
- Loops Jam
- Sofa
- [introduction]
- Persona Non Grata
- Dead Girls of London
- Ain't Got No Heart
- Brown Shoes Don't Make It
- Cosmik Debris
- Tryin' to Grow a Chin
- City of Tiny Lights
- Dancin' Fool
- Easy Meat
- Jumbo Go Away
- Andy
- Inca Roads
- Florentin Pogen
- Honey Don't You Want a Man Like Me?
- Keep It Greasey
- The Meek Shall Inherit Nothing
- For the Young Sophisticate
- Wet T-Shirt Nite
- Why Does It Hurt When I Pee?
- Peaches En Regalia
- Don't Eat the Yellow Snow
- Nanook Rubs It
- St. Alfonzo's Pancake Breakfast
- Father O'Blivion
- Rollo
- Strictly Genteel
- Montana
- Pound for a Brown
- Mystery Rehearsal Piece
- Deathless Horsie
- Five-Five-Five
- [introduction]
- Dancin' Fool
- Peaches En Regalia
- Torture Never Stops
- Tryin' to Grow a Chin
- City of Tiny Lights
- Baby Snakes
- A Pound for a Brown
- I Have Been in You
- Flakes
- Broken Hearts Are for Assholes
- King Kong (includes Uncle Meat)
- Knick-Knack / [tuning]
- [introductions]
- Peaches En Regalia
- The Torture Never Stops
- Tryin' to Grow a Chin
- City of Tiny Lights
- Pound for a Brown
- Preamble
- Flakes (cut)
- Big Leg Emma (cuts in)
- Envelopes
- Drum Solo
- Disco Boy
- I Promise Not to Come in Your Mouth
- Wild Love
- Titties & Beer
- Preamble
- Black Page #2
- Jones Crusher
- Broken Hearts Are for Assholes
- Punky's Whips
- Dinah Moe Humm
- Preamble
- Illinois Enema Bandit
- The Deathless Horsie
- [band introductions]
- Dancin' Fool
- Easy Meat
- Honey Don't You Want a Man Like Me?
- Keep It Greasey
- Village of the Sun
- The Meek Shall Inherit Nothing
- City of Tiny Lights (cut)
- Pound for a Brown (cuts in)
- Bobby Brown
- Conehead
- Mo's Vacation
- The Black Page
- [band introductions] / [drum soundcheck]
- Something, Anything a.k.a. Andy
- Florentine Pogen
- Kung Fu
- Penguin in Bondage
- T'Mershi Duween "A Bongo Number"
- Dog Meat
- Montana
- Dupree's Paradise
- Cosmik Debris
- Pygmy Twylyte
- That Arrogant Dick Nixon a.k.a. Idiot Bastard Son
- Cheepnis
- Approximate
- Inca Roads
- Heavy Duty Judy
- [introduction]
- City of Tiny Lights
- You Are What You Is
- Mudd Club
- The Meek Shall Inherit Nothing
- Truck Driver Divorce (includes Octandre)
- Goblin Girl
- The Black Page #2
- Carolina Hardcore Ecstasy
- Advance Romance
- He's So Gay
- A Token of My Extreme (Tush Tush Tush) / [introduction]
- Stinkfoot
- RDNZL
- Village of the Sun
- Cosmik Debris
- Camarillo Brillo
- Montana
- The Booger Man
- Preamble
- 200 Years Old
- Crowd Noise/Tuning
- Dinah-Moe Humm
- RDNZL
- Dog Meat
- Fifty-Fifty
- Montana
- Dupree's Paradise
- Eat That Question
- Yellow Snow Suite
- Farther Oblivion
- Deathless Horsie
- Dancin' Fool
- Easy Meat
- Honey Don't You Want a Man Like Me?
- Keep It Greasey
- Village of the Sun
- The Meek Shall Inherit Nothing
- City of Tiny Lights
- Pound for a Brown
- Bobby Brown
- Conehead
- Mo's Vacation
- The Black Page
- Is That Guy Kidding or What?
- I Have Been in You
- Flakes
- Magic Fingers
- Don't Eat the Yellow Snow
- Nanook Rubs It
- St Alfonzo's Pancake Breakfast
- Father O'Blivion
- Rollo
- Little House I Used to Live In
- Tell Me You Love Me
- Yo Mama
- Black Napkins
- Hungry Freaks, Daddy
- I Ain’t Got No Heart
- Who Are the Brain Police?
- Go Cry on Somebody Else’s Shoulder
- Motherly Love
- How Could I Be Such a Fool
- Wowie Zowie
- You Didn’t Try to Call Me
- Any Way the Wind Blows
- I’m Not Satisfied
- You’re Probably Wondering Why I’m Here
- Trouble Every Day
- Help, I’m a Rock
- It Can’t Happen Here
- The Return of the Son of Monster Magnet
- Intro
- Dancin' Fool
- Peaches en Regalia
- The Torture Never Stops
- Tryin' to Grow a Chin
- City of Tiny Lites
- Baby Snakes
- A Pound for a Brown
- Boutique Girl
- I Have Been in You
- Flakes
- Broken Hearts Are for Assholes
- [instrumental]
- Fine Girl
- Easy Meat
- For the Young Sophisticate
- Love of My Life
- I Ain't Got No Heart
- Panty Rap
- Tell Me You Love Me
- Now You See It - Now You Don't
- Intro
- Black Page
- Tinseltown Rebellion
- Oh No
- Son of Orange County
- More Trouble Every Day
- Penguin in Bondage
- Hot Plate Heaven at the Green Hotel
- Dumb All Over
- The Evil Prince
- Carolina Hardcore Ecstasy
- Advance Romance
- He's So Gay
- Bobby Brown
- Keep It Greasey
- Honey Don't You Want a Man Like Me
- Carol You Fool
- Chana vs. The Dangerous Kitchen
- Chana in De Bushwop
- Let's Move to Cleveland
- Why Don't You Like Me
- Preamble to Encores
- Stick It Out
- Truck Driver Divorce
- In France
- Chunga's Revenge
- [crowd noise] / [tuning] / It Ain't Necessarily So
- Chunga's Revenge
- Panty Rap
- Don't Eat the Yellow Snow
- Cosmik Debris
- Keep It Greasey
- The Blue Light
- Tinsel Town Rebellion
- Pick Me I'm Clean
- Dead Girls of London
- Shall We Take Ourselves Seriously?
- City of Tiny Lites / She's Not There
- I Ain't Got No Heart
- The Torture Never Stops
- Heavy Duty Judy
- Broken Hearts Are for Assholes
- I'm So Cute
- Andy
- [encore break] / Sweet Leilani
- Joe's Garage
- Dancin' Fool
- Bobby Brown
- Ms. Pinky
- [crowd noise] / [tuning] (unpatched) [track 1]
- City of Tiny Lites (unpatched) [track 12]
- [encore break] (unpatched) [track 19]
- Crowd Noise
- Black Napkins
- Panty Rap
- You Are What You Is
- Love of My Life
- Flakes
- Magic Fingers
- The Blue Light
- Tinseltown Rebellion
- Goblin Girl
- Heavenly Bank Account
- Suicide Chump
- Jumbo Go Away
- If Only She Woulda
- Whisky Bottle Incident
- If Only She Woulda (Conclusion)
- I Don't Wanna Get Drafted
- Easy Meat
- Encore Break
- Stick It Out
- Tell Me You Love Me
- Encore Break #2
- The Illinois Enema Bandit
- Crowd Noise (unpatched)
- Suicide Chump (unpatched)
- Easy Meat (unpatched)
- Intro (The Purple Lagoon)
- Stinkfoot
- Poodle Lecture
- Dirty Love
- Wind Up Workin' in a Gas Station
- Tryin' to Grow a Chin
- The Torture Never Stops
- City of Tiny Lites
- You Didn't Try to Call Me
- Mars Needs Yo Mama
- Titties 'n' Beer
- Cucamonga (intro)
- Orange Claw Hammer
- Debra Kadabra
- Carolina Hardcore Ecstasy
- Will You Drink My Water
- Pachuco Cadaver
- I Was a Teenage Maltshop Suite
- Toads of the Short Forest (interlude)
- The Uncle Frankie Show (excerpt)
- Charva
- Speedfreak Boogie
- Metal Man Won His Wings
- Power Trio From the Saints & Sinners
- Bossa Nova Pervertamento
- Original Mothers at the Broadside
- Mondo Hollywood (excerpt)
- Sandwich Song (Studio rehearsal)
- How Could I Be Such a Fool? (Studio rehearsal)
- Boogie for Berkeley
- Neon Metal Dream of an Octafish
- Muffin Man
- The Black Page (New Age version) Incl. Band Introduction
- Dickie's Such an Asshole
- Stick Together
- My Guitar Wants to Kill Your Mama
- Willie the Pimp
- Montana
- City of Tiny Lites
- A Pound for a Brown on the Bus Incl. Make a Sex Noise
- When the Lie's So Big
- Jesus Thinks You're a Jerk
- Florentine Pogen
- Chunga's Revenge
- City of Tiny Lites
- You Are What You Is / Mudd Club [Partial]
- Teenage Wind
- Truck Driver Divorce
- Ride My Face to Chicago
- Trouble Every Day / Penguin in Bondage
- Hot Plate Heaven at the Green Hotel
- I'm the Slime
- Sharleena, Part 1
- Sharleena, Part 2
- Camarillo Brillo, Part 1
- Camarillo Brillo, Part 2 / Muffin Man
- Cosmic Debris
- Dancin' Fool
- Whippin' Post
- Suicide Chump
- The Meek Shall Inherit Nothing
- City of Tiny Lites
- A Pound for a Brown on the Bus
- Improvisation (Incl. Tommy Mars solo)
- Preamble
- Pygmy Twylyte / Dummy Up
- Dupree's Paradise
- Dog Breath Variations / Uncle Meat
- Penguin in Bondage
- Nanook Rubs It
- St. Alfonzo's Pancake Breakfast
- Peaches en Regalia
- Tears Began to Fall
- She Painted Up Her Face
- Who Are the Brain Police
- Sofa
- Stick It Out
- You Are What You Is
- Easy Meat
- Joe's Garage
- Why Does It Hurt When I Pee
- [crowd]
- Dancin' Fool
- Bobby Brown
- Ms. Pinky
- [crowd]
- Drafted
- The Illinois Enema Bandit
- Cocaine Decisions
- The Dangerous Kitchen
- Tink Walks Amok
- The Radio Is Broken
- Mõggio
- The Man From Utopia Meets Mary Lou
- Stick Together
- SEX
- The Jazz Discharge Party Hats
- We Are Not Alone
- Intro
- Stinkfoot
- Dirty Love
- Filthy Habits
- How Could I Be Such a Fool?
- I Ain't Got No Heart
- I'm Not Satisfied
- Black Napkins
- Advance Romance
- Prologue Improvisation
- A Token of My Extreme
- Stink-Foot
- I'm Not Satisfied
- Carolina Hard-Core Ecstasy, Part 1
- Carolina Hard-Core Ecstasy, Part 2
- Summer-Night Blues
- A Pound for a Brown on the Bus
- Frog Improvisation
- Poofter's Froth Wyoming Plans Ahead
- Improvisation
- Don't You Ever Wash That Thing?
- Advance Romance
- Transylvania Boogie
- Road Ladies
- Twenty Small Cigars
- The Nancy & Mary Music
- Tell Me You Love Me
- Would You Go All the Way?
- Chunga’s Revenge
- The Clap
- Rudy Wants to Buy Yez a Drink
- Sharleena
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The History and Collected Improvisations of Frank Zappa and The Mothers of Invention
- Exercise Four
- Dog Breath
- Dog Breath Variations
- Uncle Meat
- Montana
- Fifty-Fifty
- [Mudshark intro]
- Mudshark
- Farther Oblivion
Born: 1940-12-21
Died: 1993-12-04
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Frank Zappa on Crossfire
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:17
- Published: 06 Oct 2006
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Zappa on CNN's Crossfire in 1986. Discussing copyright. Zappa's the man!
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_on_Crossfire
Frank Zappa explains the decline of the music business
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:17
- Published: 04 Sep 2007
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Frank Zappa explains the decline and fall of the music business and comes to a surprising conclusion that the older generation was better for pushing new wave music that they didn't understand than the supposedly younger/hipper music executives.
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_explains_the_decline_of_the_music_business
FRANK ZAPPA COSMIK DEBRIS
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:07
- Published: 09 Mar 2010
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
FRANK ZAPPA COSMIK DEBRIS MOTHERS OF INVENTION JEAN LUC PONTY GEORGE DUKE TOM FOWLER BRUCE FOWLER RUTH UNDERWOOD IAN UNDERWOOD RALPH HUMPHREY - LIVE
http://wn.com/FRANK_ZAPPA_COSMIK_DEBRIS
Frank Zappa - Joe's Garage
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:10
- Published: 26 Mar 2011
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Frank Zappa - Bobby Brown
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:53
- Published: 17 Mar 2007
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
www.frankzappa.com
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Bobby_Brown
Frank Zappa - Broken Hearts Are For Assholes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:52
- Published: 18 Sep 2010
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Just play my music - Frank Zappa Sorry to break everyones hearts with sync issues... Check my channel for more live zappa audio uploads.
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Broken_Hearts_Are_For_Assholes
Frank Zappa & Steve Vai
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:40
- Published: 15 Oct 2009
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Stevie's spanking - Roma - 1982
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Steve_Vai
Mike Nesmith and Frank Zappa on "The Monkees"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:59
- Published: 17 Feb 2006
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Mike Nesmith and Frank Zappa switched places on "The Monkees"
http://wn.com/Mike_Nesmith_and_Frank_Zappa_on_The_Monkees
John Lennon and Frank Zappa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:22
- Published: 13 May 2011
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
------- SUPER RARE ------- Frank Zappa and The Mother's of Invention live at the Fillmore East - with John Lennon & Yoko Ono 6 - 5 - 1971
http://wn.com/John_Lennon_and_Frank_Zappa
Part 1 - Frank Zappa at PMRC Senate Hearing on Rock Lyrics
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:41
- Published: 25 Feb 2010
- Updated: 03 Oct 2012
Steve Allen show, Frank Zappa Playing music on a Bicycle 1963
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:25
- Published: 28 Apr 2008
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Frank is on the Steve Allen show, playing music using a bi-cycle.
http://wn.com/Steve_Allen_show,_Frank_Zappa_Playing_music_on_a_Bicycle_1963
Zappa Interview Today Show 1993
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:21
- Published: 22 Nov 2007
- Updated: 03 Oct 2012
One of Frank's last interviews, conducted by NBC's Jamie Gangel for the Today Show.
http://wn.com/Zappa_Interview_Today_Show_1993
Frank Zappa - Montana (live in NYC, 1981)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:48
- Published: 05 Dec 2008
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Frank Zappa and his band playing Montana at the Palladium in NYC, during the Halloween show, 1981-10-31. Frank Zappa - lead guitar, lead vocals, band leader Ray White - rhythm guitar, vocals Steve Vai - guitar, sitar Tommy Mars - keyboards Robert Martin - keyboards, tenor saxophone, vocals Ed Mann - percussion Scott Thunes - bass Chad Wackerman - drums
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Montana_live_in_NYC,_1981
Frank Zappa - Peefeeyatko Documentary
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 58:58
- Published: 28 Feb 2012
- Updated: 27 Sep 2012
1989 - 1991
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Peefeeyatko_Documentary
Frank Zappa - Watermelon In Easter Hay - 1988
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:47
- Published: 24 Dec 2010
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Frank Zappa - Watermelon In Easter Hay - Live 1988
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Watermelon_In_Easter_Hay_1988
Frank Zappa - Montana (From "The Torture Never Stops" DVD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:48
- Published: 10 Nov 2010
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
www.eagle-rock.com Frank Zappa's New York Halloween 1981 concerts were filmed Live at The Palladium. This 'thing' entitled "The Torture Never Stops" was created in its entirety by FZ from the original concert production and intended by the Artist as one of 3 Television Specials. This is the longest version of the three - the others, "You Are What You Is" and "Dumb All Over", having actually aired. Halloween was Frank Zappa's favourite holiday, and New York was the site of Frank Zappa Halloween concerts for years! The billion and a half airings by MTV of the concerts (non-edited) followed on closely from the release of the double album "You Are What You Is" in September of that year on Frank Zappa's own recently founded and thoroughly independent label, Barking Pumpkin. Much of the set list is drawn from that work. All Frank Zappa shows were unique experiences with Zappa on guitar and baton, leading his band on flights of improvisation and drawing ever more intense performances from them. "The Torture Never Stops" cements Zappa's reputation as one of the most innovative and challenging composers and performers of the 20th century. Tracklist: 1) Black Napkins 2) Montana 3) Easy Meat 4) Beauty Knows No Pain 5) Charlie's Enormous Mouth 6) Fine Girl 7) Teen-Age Wind 8) Harder Than Your Husband 9) Bamboozled By Love 10) We're Turning Again 11) Alien Orifice 12) Flakes 13) Broken Hearts Are For Assholes 14) You Are What You Is 15) Mudd Club 16) The Meek Shall Inherit Nothing 17 <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Montana_From_The_Torture_Never_Stops_DVD
Frank Zappa: Does Humor Belong In Music?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 56:48
- Published: 18 Mar 2011
- Updated: 03 Oct 2012
This live album of highlights from one of rock legend Frank Zappa's final tours was filmed in New York in the summer of 1984. One of the most prolific artists of his time, Zappa was a satirist who wrote lyrics of questionable taste and whose music paid homage to every genre, from contemporary classical music to the guitar-heavy rock of the '70s. Tracks include "Zoot Allures," "Keep It Greasey," "Tinsel-Town Rebellion" and more.
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Does_Humor_Belong_In_Music?
Frank Zappa - Bobby Brown
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:39
- Published: 30 Sep 2006
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Live performance of Fran Zappa's Hit 'Bobby Brown'
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Bobby_Brown
Frank Zappa: Inca Roads
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:54
- Published: 18 Oct 2008
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
A visual tribute to the masterpiece "Inca Roads" by Frank Zappa and The Mothers of Invention. High resolution picture of the front cover of this album at Flickr: www.flickr.com
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Inca_Roads
frank zappa - titties and beer from the 1978 live NYC
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:38
- Published: 11 Feb 2008
- Updated: 03 Oct 2012
the classic titties and beer, absolutely hilarious 2 way between frank and the devil. guess what he wants back :) love it
http://wn.com/frank_zappa_titties_and_beer_from_the_1978_live_NYC
Frank Zappa - Flakes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:14
- Published: 04 Mar 2008
- Updated: 04 Oct 2012
Another tune from the 1981 concert and included on the Dub Room Special
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa_Flakes
Frank Zappa-Apostrophe'-slideshow
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:54
- Published: 02 Jul 2008
- Updated: 03 Oct 2012
tribute to Frank Zappa.RIP great bass throughout the song by Jack Bruce guitar: Frank Zappa bass: Jack Bruce drums: Jim Gordon
http://wn.com/Frank_Zappa-Apostrophe'-slideshow
FRANK ZAPPA & THE ORIGINAL MOTHERS OF INVENTION
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:21
- Published: 26 Feb 2008
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
This three minute film was created by Frank Zappa and Me in the late 60's to illustrate the art of UNDERGROUND MERCHANDISING of his album FRAK OUT! It was the begining of our filming relationship that lasted two years and became the initial shooting for UNCLE MEAT. This opening was shot at the Garrick Theater in Greenwich Village. I did all the shooting for the next two years with a silent camera so that Frank could score it himself. To read the whole story check out my Zappa web site at www.edseeman.com/zappa
http://wn.com/FRANK_ZAPPA_THE_ORIGINAL_MOTHERS_OF_INVENTION
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Photo: DOD / Public Domain
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The Examiner
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Although Jesse Plemons is known to most Friday Night Lights nerds as Landry, the sarcastic friend of Matt Saracen, Breaking Bad fans know him as someone entirely different. As Todd, Plemons has had a hand in some of the most gasp-worthy action so far this season on the AMC drama, with the promise of...(size: 12.5Kb)
Grandmothers of Invention salute Frank Zappa
18 Aug 2012
Signon San Diego
The Grandmothers of Invention, featuring Don Preston, Napoleon Murphy Brock and Tom Fowler When: 7:30 tonight, Friday, Aug. 17 Where: Anthology, 1337 India St., downtown Tickets: $10-$36 (all ages) Phone: (619) 595-0300 Online: What can you expect when three alums of Frank Zappa’s legendary,...(size: 3.7Kb)
iTunes Carries Catalog of Frank Zappa
17 Aug 2012
The Examiner
Related topics The Week In ReviewFrank ZappaiTunes Advertisement If you have been surfing through the iTunes store sometime this week, you may have noticed that the catalog of another music legend has just been added. Earlier this week, iTunes has added the music of Frank Zappa to their library. The...(size: 6.1Kb)
AV Club
Pop culture can be as forbidding as it is inviting, particularly in areas that invite geeky obsession: The more devotion a genre or series or subculture inspires, the easier it is for the uninitiated to feel like they’re on the outside looking in. But geeks aren’t born; they’re...(size: 16.1Kb)
Music News
The Ike Willis Book, an upcoming literary release from The Project Scrutinizer, will be published later this year. The Ike Willis Book will chronicle the life and times of Ike Willis, who played guitar and sang with Frank Zappa for fifteen years....(size: 3.0Kb)
Music News
Back home, where it belongs, the music of Frank Zappa is now back in the hands of the Zappa Family Trust. In celebration, the estate has signed a global license and distribution deal with Universal Music Enterprises to release 60 of the composer's recordings. The entire catalogue will launch...(size: 2.3Kb)
Critic's pick: Frank Zappa reissues
30 Jul 2012
Lexington Herald-Leader
When licensing rights to the Rykodisc label for the huge back catalog of Frank Zappa expired, something curious happened. The music disappeared. Granted, that might not spell the end of the world for your average Justin Bieber or Nicki Minaj fan. But for anyone unacquainted with the wildly...(size: 3.0Kb)
| Frank Zappa | |
|---|---|
 Zappa performing in Ekeberghallen, Oslo, on January 16, 1977 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Frank Vincent Zappa |
| Born | (1940-12-21)December 21, 1940 Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. |
| Died | December 4, 1993(1993-12-04) (aged 52) Los Angeles, California, U.S. due to prostate cancer |
| Genres | Rock, experimental, jazz, classical |
| Occupations | Composer, musician, conductor, producer |
| Instruments | Vocals, guitar, bass, keyboards, synclavier, bicycle, drums |
| Years active | 1955–1993 |
| Labels | Verve, Bizarre, Straight, DiscReet, Zappa, Barking Pumpkin |
| Associated acts | The Mothers of Invention Captain Beefheart Steve Vai |
| Website | zappa.com |
| Notable instruments | |
Frank Vincent Zappa[1] (December 21, 1940 – December 4, 1993) was an American composer, singer-songwriter, electric guitarist, recording engineer, record producer and film director. In a career spanning more than 30 years, Zappa wrote rock, jazz, orchestral and musique concrète works. He also directed feature-length films and music videos, and designed album covers. Zappa produced almost all of the more than 60 albums he released with the band The Mothers of Invention and as a solo artist. While in his teens, he acquired a taste for percussion-based avant-garde composers such as Edgard Varèse and 1950s rhythm and blues music. He began writing classical music in high school, while at the same time playing drums in rhythm and blues bands; he later switched to electric guitar.
He was a self-taught composer and performer, and his diverse musical influences led him to create music that was often impossible to categorize. His 1966 debut album with The Mothers of Invention, Freak Out!, combined songs in conventional rock and roll format with collective improvisations and studio-generated sound collages. His later albums shared this eclectic and experimental approach, irrespective of whether the fundamental format was one of rock, jazz or classical. His lyrics—often humorously—reflected his iconoclastic view of established social and political processes, structures and movements. He was a strident critic of mainstream education and organized religion, and a forthright and passionate advocate for freedom of speech, self-education, political participation and the abolition of censorship.
Zappa was a highly productive and prolific artist and gained widespread critical acclaim. He had some commercial success, particularly in Europe, and for most of his career was able to work as an independent artist. He also remains a major influence on musicians and composers. Zappa was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995 and received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1997. Zappa was married to Kathryn J. "Kay" Sherman from 1960 to 1964. In 1967, he married Adelaide Gail Sloatman, with whom he remained until his death from prostate cancer in 1993. They had four children: Moon Unit, Dweezil, Ahmet Emuukha Rodan and Diva Thin Muffin Pigeen. Gail Zappa manages the businesses of her late husband under the name the Zappa Family Trust.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Frank Zappa was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on December 21, 1940. His mother, Rose Marie Colimore, was of Italian and French ancestry; his father, Francesco Vincente Zappa, was an immigrant from Partinico, Sicily, and was of Greek and Arab ancestry.[2] Zappa was the eldest of four children.[3] The family moved often because his father, a chemist and mathematician, worked in the defense industry. After a time in Florida in the 1940s, the family returned to Maryland, where Zappa's father worked at the Edgewood Arsenal chemical warfare facility of the Aberdeen Proving Ground. Due to their home's proximity to the arsenal, which stored mustard gas, gas masks were kept in the home.[4] This had a profound effect on Zappa, and references to germs, germ warfare and the defense industry occur throughout his work.[5]
Zappa was often sick as a child, suffering from asthma, earaches and sinus problems. A doctor treated his sinusitis by inserting a pellet of radium into each of Zappa's nostrils; little was known about the potential dangers of even small amounts of therapeutic radiation.[6] Nasal imagery and references appear in his music and lyrics, as well as in the collage album covers created by his long-time collaborator Cal Schenkel.
Many of Zappa's childhood diseases may have been due to exposure to mustard gas. His health worsened when he lived in Baltimore.[4][6] In 1952, his family relocated for reasons of health.[7] They moved, next, to Monterey, California, where his father taught metallurgy at the Naval Postgraduate School. They soon moved to Claremont, then to El Cajon, before finally settling in San Diego.[8]
Musical influences[link]
"Since I didn't have any kind of formal training, it didn't make any difference to me if I was listening to Lightnin' Slim, or a vocal group called the Jewels ... , or Webern, or Varèse, or Stravinsky. To me it was all good music."
—Frank Zappa, 1989[9]
Zappa joined his first band at Mission Bay High School in San Diego. He was the band's drummer.[10] About the same time his parents bought a phonograph, which allowed him to develop his interest in music, and to begin building his record collection.[11] R&B singles were early purchases, starting a large collection he kept for the rest of his life.[12] He was interested in sounds for their own sake, particularly the sounds of drums and other percussion instruments. By age 12, he had obtained a snare drum and began learning the basics of orchestral percussion.[10] Zappa's deep interest in modern classical music began[13] when he read a LOOK magazine article about the Sam Goody record store chain that lauded its ability to sell an LP as obscure as The Complete Works of Edgard Varèse, Volume One.[14] The article described Varèse's percussion composition Ionisation, produced by EMS Recordings, as "a weird jumble of drums and other unpleasant sounds". Zappa decided to seek out Varèse's music. After searching for over a year, Zappa found a copy (he noticed the LP because of the "mad scientist" looking photo of Varèse on the cover). Not having enough money with him, he persuaded the salesman to sell him the record at a discount.[14] Thus began his lifelong passion for Varèse's music and that of other modern classical composers.
"The things that were happening in 1955 were cosmic ... in terms of music history."
—Frank Zappa, 1969 Pop Chronicles interview.[15]
Zappa grew up influenced by avant-garde composers such as Varèse, Halim El-Dabh,[16] Igor Stravinsky, and Anton Webern, R&B and doo-wop groups (including the Medallions[15] and local pachuco groups), and modern jazz. His own heterogeneous ethnic background, and the diverse social and cultural mix in and around greater Los Angeles, were crucial in the formation of Zappa as a practitioner of underground music and of his later distrustful and openly critical attitude towards "mainstream" social, political and musical movements. He frequently lampooned musical fads like psychedelia, rock opera and disco.[17][18] Television also exerted a strong influence, as demonstrated by quotations from show themes and advertising jingles found in his later works.[19]
Youth and beginning of career (1955–1960)[link]
By 1956, the Zappa family had moved to Lancaster, a small aerospace and farming town in the Antelope Valley of the Mojave Desert close to Edwards Air Force Base, in northern Los Angeles County. Zappa's mother encouraged him in his musical interests. Although she disliked Varèse's music, she was indulgent enough to give her son a long distance call to the composer as a 15th birthday present.[14] Unfortunately, Varèse was in Europe at the time, so Zappa spoke to the composer's wife. He later received a letter from Varèse thanking him for his interest, and telling him about a composition he was working on called "Déserts". Living in the desert town of Lancaster, Zappa found this very exciting. Varèse invited him to visit if he ever came to New York. The meeting never took place (Varèse died in 1965), but Zappa framed the letter and kept it on display for the rest of his life.[13][20]
At Antelope Valley High School, Zappa met Don Vliet (who later expanded his name to Don Van Vliet and adopted the stage name Captain Beefheart). Zappa and Vliet became close friends, sharing an interest in R&B records and influencing each other musically throughout their careers.[21] Around the same time, Zappa started playing drums in a local band, The Blackouts.[17] The band was racially diverse, and included Euclid James "Motorhead" Sherwood who later became a member of The Mothers of Invention. Zappa's interest in the guitar grew, and in 1957 he was given his first guitar. Among his early influences were Johnny "Guitar" Watson, Howlin' Wolf and Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown.[22] (In the 1970s and '80s, he invited Watson to perform on several albums.) Zappa considered soloing as the equivalent of forming "air sculptures",[23] and developed an eclectic, innovative and highly personal style.
Zappa's interest in composing and arranging proliferated in his last high-school years. By his final year, he was writing, arranging and conducting avant-garde performance pieces for the school orchestra.[24] He graduated from Antelope Valley High School in 1958, and later acknowledged two of his music teachers on the sleeve of the 1966 album Freak Out![25] Due to his family's frequent moves, Zappa attended at least six different high schools, and as a student he was often bored and given to distracting the rest of the class with juvenile antics.[26] He left community college after one semester, and maintained thereafter a disdain for formal education, taking his children out of school at age 15 and refusing to pay for their college.[27]
Zappa left home in 1959, and moved into a small apartment in Echo Park, Los Angeles. After meeting Kathryn J. "Kay" Sherman during his short stay at Pomona College, they moved in together in Ontario, and were married December 28, 1960.[28] Zappa worked for a short period in advertising. His sojourn in the commercial world was brief, but gave him valuable insights into how it works.[29] Throughout his career, he took a keen interest in the visual presentation of his work, designing some of his album covers and directing his own films and videos.
Early 1960s: Studio Z[link]
Zappa attempted to earn a living as a musician and composer, and played different nightclub gigs, some with a new version of The Blackouts.[30] Financially more rewarding were Zappa's earliest professional recordings, two soundtracks for the low-budget films The World's Greatest Sinner (1962) and Run Home Slow (1965). The former score was commissioned by actor-producer Timothy Carey and recorded in 1961. It contains many themes that appeared on later Zappa records.[31] The latter soundtrack was recorded in 1963 after the film was completed, but it was commissioned by one of Zappa's former high school teachers in 1959 and Zappa may have worked on it before the film was shot.[32] Excerpts from the soundtrack can be heard on the posthumous album The Lost Episodes (1996).
During the early 1960s, Zappa wrote and produced songs for other local artists, often working with singer-songwriter Ray Collins and producer Paul Buff. Their "Memories of El Monte" was recorded by The Penguins, although only Cleve Duncan of the original group was featured.[33] Buff owned the small Pal Recording Studio in Cucamonga, which included a unique five-track tape recorder he had built. At that time, only a handful of the most sophisticated commercial studios had multi-track facilities; the industry standard for smaller studios was still mono or two-track.[34] Although none of the recordings from the period achieved major commercial success, Zappa earned enough money to allow him to stage a concert of his orchestral music in 1963 and to broadcast and record it.[35] He appeared on Steve Allen's syndicated late night show the same year, in which he played a bicycle as a musical instrument.[36] With Captain Beefheart, Zappa recorded some songs under the name of The Soots. They were rejected by Dot Records for having "no commercial potential", a verdict Zappa subsequently quoted on the sleeve of Freak Out![37]
In 1964, after his marriage started to break up, he moved into the Pal studio and began routinely working 12 hours or more per day recording and experimenting with overdubbing and audio tape manipulation. This set a work pattern that endured for most of his life.[38] Aided by his income from film composing, Zappa took over the studio from Paul Buff, who was now working with Art Laboe at Original Sound. It was renamed Studio Z.[39] Studio Z was rarely booked for recordings by other musicians. Instead, friends moved in, notably James "Motorhead" Sherwood.[40] Zappa started performing as guitarist with a power trio, The Muthers, in local bars in order to support himself.[41]
An article in the local press describing Zappa as "the Movie King of Cucamonga" prompted the local police to suspect that he was making pornographic films.[42] In March 1965, Zappa was approached by a vice squad undercover officer, and accepted an offer of $100 to produce a suggestive audio tape for an alleged stag party. Zappa and a female friend recorded a faked erotic episode. When Zappa was about to hand over the tape, he was arrested, and the police stripped the studio of all recorded material.[42] The press was tipped off beforehand, and next day's The Daily Report wrote that "Vice Squad investigators stilled the tape recorders of a free-swinging, a-go-go film and recording studio here Friday and arrested a self-styled movie producer".[43] Zappa was charged with "conspiracy to commit pornography".[44] This felony charge was reduced and he was sentenced to six months in jail on a misdemeanor, with all but ten days suspended.[45] His brief imprisonment left a permanent mark, and was key in the formation of his anti-authoritarian stance.[46] Zappa lost several recordings made at Studio Z in the process, as the police only returned 30 out of 80 hours of tape seized.[47] Eventually, he could no longer afford to pay the rent on the studio and was evicted.[48] Zappa managed to recover some of his possessions before the studio was torn down in 1966.[49]
Late 1960s: The Mothers of Invention[link]
In 1965, Zappa was approached by Ray Collins who asked him to take over as the guitarist in local R&B band The Soul Giants, following a fight between Collins and the group's original guitarist.[3] Zappa accepted, and soon he assumed leadership and the role as co-lead singer (even though he never considered himself a singer[50]). He convinced the other members that they should play his music to increase the chances of getting a record contract.[51] The band was renamed The Mothers, coincidentally on Mother's Day.[52] The group increased their bookings after beginning an association with manager Herb Cohen, while they gradually gained attention on the burgeoning Los Angeles underground music scene.[53] In early 1966, they were spotted by leading record producer Tom Wilson when playing "Trouble Every Day", a song about the Watts Riots.[54] Wilson had earned acclaim as the producer for singer-songwriter Bob Dylan and the folk-rock act Simon & Garfunkel, and was notable as one of the few African Americans working as a major label pop music producer at this time.
Wilson signed The Mothers to the Verve Records division of MGM Records, which had built up a strong reputation in the music industry for its releases of modern jazz recordings in the 1940s and 1950s, but was attempting to diversify into pop and rock audiences. Verve insisted that the band officially rename themselves because "Mother", in slang terminology, was short for "motherfucker" — a term that apart from its profane meanings can denote a skilled musician.[55] The label suggested the name "The Mothers Auxiliary", which prompted Zappa to come up with the name "The Mothers of Invention."
[edit] Debut album: Freak Out! (1966)
With Wilson credited as producer, The Mothers of Invention, augmented by a studio orchestra, recorded the groundbreaking Freak Out! (1966) which, preceded by Bob Dylan's Blonde on Blonde, was the second rock double album ever released. It mixed R&B, doo-wop, musique concrète,[56] and experimental sound collages that captured the "freak" subculture of Los Angeles at that time.[57] Although he was dissatisfied with the final product—in a late '60s radio interview (included in the posthumous MOFO Project/Object compilation) Zappa recounted that the side-long closing track "Return of the Son of Monster Magnet" was intended to be the basic track for a much more complex work which Verve did not allow him to complete—Freak Out immediately established Zappa as a radical new voice in rock music, providing an antidote to the "relentless consumer culture of America".[58] The sound was raw, but the arrangements were sophisticated. While recording in the studio, some of the additional session musicians were shocked that they were expected to read the notes on sheet music from charts with Zappa conducting them, since it was not standard when recording rock music.[59] The lyrics praised non-conformity, disparaged authorities, and had dadaist elements. Yet, there was a place for seemingly conventional love songs.[60] Most compositions are Zappa's, which set a precedent for the rest of his recording career. He had full control over the arrangements and musical decisions and did most overdubs. Wilson provided the industry clout and connections to get the group the financial resources needed.[61]
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The opening track on Freak Out!. The album has "consistently been voted as one of top 100 greatest albums ever made".[58]
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During the recording of Freak Out!, Zappa moved into a house in Laurel Canyon with friend Pamela Zarubica, who appeared on the album.[59] The house became a meeting (and living) place for many LA musicians and groupies of the time, despite Zappa's disapproval of their illicit drug use.[62] He labeled people on drugs "assholes in action", and he tried cannabis only a few times, but without any pleasure.[63] He was a regular tobacco smoker for most of his life, and strongly critical of anti-tobacco campaigns.[64] After a short promotional tour following the release of Freak Out!, Zappa met Adelaide Gail Sloatman. He fell in love within "a couple of minutes", and she moved into the house over the summer.[51] They married in 1967, had four children and remained together until Zappa's death.
Wilson nominally produced The Mothers' second album Absolutely Free (1967), which was recorded in November 1966, and later mixed in New York, although by this time Zappa was in de facto control of most facets of the production. It featured extended playing by The Mothers of Invention and focused on songs that defined Zappa's compositional style of introducing abrupt, rhythmical changes into songs that were built from diverse elements.[65] Examples are "Plastic People" and "Brown Shoes Don't Make It", which contained lyrics critical of the hypocrisy and conformity of American society, but also of the counterculture of the 1960s.[66] As Zappa put it, "[W]e're satirists, and we are out to satirize everything."[67] At the same time, Zappa had recorded material for a album of orchestral works to be released under his own name, Lumpy Gravy, released by Capitol Records in 1967. Due to contractual problems, the album was pulled. Zappa took the opportunity to radically restructure the contents, adding newly recorded, improvised dialogue. After the contractual problems were resolved, the album was reissued by Verve in 1968.[68] It is an "incredible ambitious musical project",[69] a "monument to John Cage",[70] which intertwines orchestral themes, spoken words and electronic noises through radical audio editing techniques.[71][72]
New York period (1966–1968)[link]
The Mothers of Invention played in New York in late 1966 and were offered a contract at the Garrick Theater during Easter 1967. This proved successful and Herb Cohen extended the booking, which eventually lasted half a year.[73] As a result, Zappa and his wife, along with The Mothers of Invention, moved to New York.[68] Their shows became a combination of improvised acts showcasing individual talents of the band as well as tight performances of Zappa's music. Everything was directed by Zappa's famous hand signals.[74] Guest performers and audience participation became a regular part of the Garrick Theater shows. One evening, Zappa managed to entice some U.S. Marines from the audience onto the stage, where they proceeded to dismember a big baby doll, having been told by Zappa to pretend that it was a "gook baby".[75]
Situated in New York, and only interrupted by the band's first European tour, The Mothers of Invention recorded the album widely regarded as the peak of the group's late 1960s work, We're Only in It for the Money (released 1968).[76] It was produced by Zappa, with Wilson credited as executive producer. From then on, Zappa produced all albums released by The Mothers of Invention and as a solo artist. We're Only in It for the Money featured some of the most creative audio editing and production yet heard in pop music, and the songs ruthlessly satirized the hippie and flower power phenomena.[77] The cover photo parodied that of The Beatles' Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.[78] The cover art was provided by Cal Schenkel whom Zappa met in New York. This initiated a life-long collaboration in which Schenkel designed covers for numerous Zappa and Mothers albums.[79]
Reflecting Zappa's eclectic approach to music, the next album, Cruising with Ruben & the Jets (1968), was very different. It represented a collection of doo-wop songs; listeners and critics were not sure whether the album was a satire or a tribute.[80] Zappa has noted that the album was conceived in the way Stravinsky's compositions were in his neo-classical period: "If he could take the forms and clichés of the classical era and pervert them, why not do the same ... to doo-wop in the fifties?"[81] A theme from Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring is heard during one song.
In New York, Zappa increasingly used tape editing as a compositional tool.[82] A prime example is found on the double album Uncle Meat (1969),[83] where the track "King Kong" is edited from various studio and live performances. Zappa had begun regularly recording concerts,[84] and because of his insistence on precise tuning and timing, he was able to augment his studio productions with excerpts from live shows, and vice versa.[85] Later, he combined recordings of different compositions into new pieces, irrespective of the tempo or meter of the sources. He dubbed this process "xenochrony" (strange synchronizations[86]) — reflecting the Greek "xeno" (alien or strange) and "chrono" (time).[85] Zappa also evolved a compositional approach which he called "conceptual continuity," meaning that any project or album was part of a larger project. Everything was connected, and musical themes and lyrics reappeared in different form on later albums. Conceptual continuity clues are found throughout Zappa's entire œuvre.[19][82]
During the late 1960s, Zappa continued to develop the business sides of his career. He and Herb Cohen formed the Bizarre Records and Straight Records labels, distributed by Warner Bros. Records, as ventures to aid the funding of projects and to increase creative control. Zappa produced the double album Trout Mask Replica for Captain Beefheart, and releases by Alice Cooper, Wild Man Fischer, and The GTOs, as well as Lenny Bruce's last live performance.[87]
Disbanding the original Mothers of Invention (1969)[link]
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Zappa and The Mothers of Invention returned to Los Angeles in the summer of 1968, and the Zappas moved into a house on Laurel Canyon Boulevard, only to move again to one on Woodrow Wilson Drive in the autumn.[91] This was to be Zappa's home for the rest of his life. Despite being a success with fans in Europe, The Mothers of Invention were not faring well financially.[92] Their first records were vocally oriented, but Zappa wrote more instrumental jazz and classical oriented music for the band's concerts, which confused audiences. Zappa felt that audiences failed to appreciate his "electrical chamber music".[93][94]
In 1969 there were nine band members and Zappa was supporting the group himself from his publishing royalties whether they played or not.[92] 1969 was also the year Zappa, fed up with MGM's interference, left MGM Records for Warner Bros. Records' Reprise Records subsidiary where Zappa/Mothers recordings would bear the Bizarre Records imprint. In late 1969, Zappa broke up the band. He often cited the financial strain as the main reason,[95] but also commented on the band members' lack of sufficient effort.[96] Many band members were bitter about Zappa's decision, and some took it as a sign of Zappa's concern for perfection at the expense of human feeling.[94] Others were irritated by 'his autocratic ways',[61] exemplified by Zappa's never staying at the same hotel as the band members.[97] Several members would, however, play for Zappa in years to come. Remaining recordings with the band from this period were collected on Weasels Ripped My Flesh and Burnt Weeny Sandwich (both released in 1970).
After he disbanded The Mothers of Invention, Zappa released the acclaimed solo album Hot Rats (1969).[98][99] It features, for the first time on record, Zappa playing extended guitar solos and contains one of his most enduring compositions, "Peaches en Regalia", which reappeared several times on future recordings.[88] It was backed by jazz, blues and R&B session players including violinist Don "Sugarcane" Harris, drummers John Guerin and Paul Humphrey, multi-instrumentalist and previous member of Mothers of Invention Ian Underwood, and multi-instrumentalist Shuggie Otis on bass, along with a guest appearance by Captain Beefheart (providing vocals to the only non-instrumental track, "Willie the Pimp"). It became a popular album in England,[100] and had a major influence on the development of the jazz-rock fusion genre.[88][99]
1970s: From The Mothers to Zappa[link]
In 1970 Zappa met conductor Zubin Mehta. They arranged a May 1970 concert where Mehta conducted the Los Angeles Philharmonic augmented by a rock band. According to Zappa, the music was mostly written in motel rooms while on tour with The Mothers of Invention. Some of it was later featured in the movie 200 Motels.[100] Although the concert was a success, Zappa's experience working with a symphony orchestra was not a happy one.[81] His dissatisfaction became a recurring theme throughout his career; he often felt that the quality of performance of his material delivered by orchestras was not commensurate with the money he spent on orchestral concerts and recordings.[101]
Rebirth of The Mothers and filmmaking (1970)[link]
Later in 1970, Zappa formed a new version of The Mothers (from then on, he mostly dropped the "of Invention"). It included British drummer Aynsley Dunbar, jazz keyboardist George Duke, Ian Underwood, Jeff Simmons (bass, rhythm guitar), and three members of The Turtles: bass player Jim Pons, and singers Mark Volman and Howard Kaylan, who, due to persistent legal and contractual problems, adopted the stage name "The Phlorescent Leech and Eddie", or "Flo & Eddie".[102]
This version of The Mothers debuted on Zappa's next solo album Chunga's Revenge (1970),[103] which was followed by the double-album soundtrack to the movie 200 Motels (1971), featuring The Mothers, The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Ringo Starr, Theodore Bikel, and Keith Moon. Co-directed by Zappa and Tony Palmer, it was filmed in a week at Pinewood Studios outside London.[104] Tensions between Zappa and several cast and crew members arose before and during shooting.[104] The film deals loosely with life on the road as a rock musician.[105] It was the first feature film photographed on videotape and transferred to 35 mm film, a process which allowed for novel visual effects.[106] It was released to mixed reviews.[107] The score relied extensively on orchestral music, and Zappa's dissatisfaction with the classical music world intensified when a concert, scheduled at the Royal Albert Hall after filming, was canceled because a representative of the venue found some of the lyrics obscene. In 1975, he lost a lawsuit against the Royal Albert Hall for breach of contract.[108]
After 200 Motels, the band went on tour, which resulted in two live albums, Fillmore East - June 1971 and Just Another Band From L.A.; the latter included the 20-minute track "Billy the Mountain", Zappa's satire on rock opera set in Southern California. This track was representative of the band's theatrical performances in which songs were used to build up sketches based on 200 Motels scenes as well as new situations often portraying the band members' sexual encounters on the road.[109][110]
Accident, attack and their aftermath (1971–1972)[link]
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In December 1971, there were two serious setbacks. While performing at Casino de Montreux in Switzerland, The Mothers' equipment was destroyed when a flare set off by an audience member started a fire that burned down the casino.[111] Immortalized in Deep Purple's song "Smoke on the Water", the event and immediate aftermath can be heard on the bootleg album Swiss Cheese/Fire, released legally as part of Zappa's Beat the Boots II compilation. After a week's break, The Mothers played at the Rainbow Theatre, London, with rented gear. During the encore, an audience member pushed Zappa off the stage and into the concrete-floored orchestra pit. The band thought Zappa had been killed—he had suffered serious fractures, head trauma and injuries to his back, leg, and neck, as well as a crushed larynx, which ultimately caused his voice to drop a third after healing.[111] This accident resulted in him using a wheelchair for an extended period, forcing him off the road for over half a year. Upon his return to the stage in September 1972, he was still wearing a leg brace, had a noticeable limp and could not stand for very long while on stage. Zappa noted that one leg healed "shorter than the other" (a reference later found in the lyrics of songs "Zomby Woof" and "Dancin' Fool"), resulting in chronic back pain.[111] Meanwhile, The Mothers were left in limbo and eventually formed the core of Flo and Eddie's band as they set out on their own.
During 1971–1972 Zappa released two strongly jazz-oriented solo LPs, Waka/Jawaka and The Grand Wazoo, which were recorded during the forced layoff from concert touring, using floating line-ups of session players and Mothers alumni.[112] Musically, the albums were akin to Hot Rats.[113] Zappa began touring again in late 1972.[113] His first effort was a series of concerts in September 1972 with a 20-piece big band referred to as the Grand Wazoo. This was followed by a scaled-down version known as the Petit Wazoo that toured the U.S. for five weeks from October to December 1972.[114]
Top 10 album (1973–1975)[link]
Zappa then formed and toured with smaller groups that variously included Ian Underwood (reeds, keyboards), Ruth Underwood (vibes, marimba), Sal Marquez (trumpet, vocals), Napoleon Murphy Brock (sax, flute and vocals), Bruce Fowler (trombone), Tom Fowler (bass), Chester Thompson (drums), Ralph Humphrey (drums), George Duke (keyboards, vocals), and Jean-Luc Ponty (violin).
By 1973 the Bizarre and Straight labels were discontinued. In their place, Zappa and Cohen created DiscReet Records, also distributed by Warner Bros.[115] Zappa continued a high rate of production through the first half of the 1970s, including the solo album Apostrophe (') (1974), which reached a career-high No. 10 on the Billboard pop album charts[116] helped by the chart single "Don't Eat The Yellow Snow".[117] Other albums from the period are Over-Nite Sensation (1973), which contained several future concert favorites, such as "Dinah-Moe Humm" and "Montana", and the albums Roxy & Elsewhere (1974) and One Size Fits All (1975) which feature ever-changing versions of a band still called The Mothers, and are notable for the tight renditions of highly difficult jazz fusion songs in such pieces as "Inca Roads", "Echidna's Arf (Of You)" and "Be-Bop Tango (Of the Old Jazzmen's Church)".[118] A live recording from 1974, You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 2 (1988), captures "the full spirit and excellence of the 1973–75 band".[118] Zappa released Bongo Fury (1975), which featured live recordings from a tour the same year that reunited him with Captain Beefheart for a brief period.[119] They later became estranged for a period of years, but were in contact at the end of Zappa's life.[120]
Business breakups and touring (1976–1979)[link]
Zappa's relationship with long-time manager Herb Cohen ended in 1976. Zappa sued Cohen for skimming more than he was allocated from DiscReet Records, as well as for signing acts of which Zappa did not approve.[121] Cohen filed a lawsuit against Zappa in return, which froze the money Zappa and Cohen had gained from an out-of-court settlement with MGM over the rights of the early Mothers of Invention recordings. It also prevented Zappa having access to any of his previously recorded material during the trials. Zappa therefore took his personal master copies of the rock-oriented Zoot Allures (1976) directly to Warner Bros., thereby bypassing DiscReet.[122]
In the mid-1970s Zappa prepared material for Läther (pronounced "leather"), a four-LP project. Läther encapsulated all the aspects of Zappa's musical styles — rock tunes, orchestral works, complex instrumentals, and Zappa's own trademark distortion-drenched guitar solos. Wary of a quadruple-LP, Warner Bros. Records refused to release it.[123] Zappa managed to get an agreement with Phonogram, and test pressings were made targeted at a Halloween 1977 release, but Warner Bros. prevented the release by claiming rights over the material.[124] Zappa responded by appearing on the Pasadena, California radio station KROQ, allowing them to broadcast Läther and encouraging listeners to make their own tape recordings.[125] A lawsuit between Zappa and Warner Bros. followed, during which no Zappa material was released for more than a year. Eventually, Warner Bros. issued different versions of much of the Läther material in 1978 and 1979 as four individual albums (five full length LPs) with limited promotion.[126] The four individual albums were not included in the third Old Masters box set released in 1987.[127] When the music was first released on CD in 1991, Zappa chose to release the four individual albums. Läther was released posthumously in 1996.[128]
Although Zappa eventually gained the rights to all his material created under the MGM and Warner Bros. contracts,[129] the various lawsuits meant that for a period Zappa's only income came from touring, which he therefore did extensively in 1975–1977 with relatively small, mainly rock-oriented, bands.[124] Drummer Terry Bozzio became a regular band member, Napoleon Murphy Brock stayed on for a while, and original Mothers of Invention bassist Roy Estrada joined. Among other musicians were bassist Patrick O'Hearn, singer-guitarist Ray White and keyboardist Eddie Jobson. In December 1976, Zappa appeared as a featured musical guest on the NBC television show Saturday Night Live.[130][131] The performances included an impromptu musical collaboration with cast member John Belushi during the instrumental piece "The Purple Lagoon". Belushi appeared as his Samurai Futaba character playing the tenor sax with Zappa conducting.[132] Zappa's song, "I'm the Slime", was performed with a voice-over by SNL booth announcer Don Pardo, who also introduced "Peaches En Regalia" on the same airing.
Zappa's band at the time, with the additions of Ruth Underwood and a horn section (featuring Michael and Randy Brecker), performed during Christmas in New York, recordings of which appear on one of the albums Warner Bros. culled from the Läther project, Zappa in New York (1978). It mixes intense instrumentals such as "The Black Page" and humorous songs like "Titties and Beer".[133] The former composition, written originally for drum kit but later developed for larger bands, is notorious for its complexity in rhythmic structure and short, densely arranged passages.[134][135]
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One of Zappa's complex, percussion-based compositions featured on Zappa in New York.
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Zappa in New York featured a song about sex criminal Michael H. Kenyon, "The Illinois Enema Bandit", which featured Don Pardo providing the opening narrative in the song. Like many songs on the album, it contained numerous sexual references,[133] leading to many critics objecting and being offended by the content.[136] Zappa dismissed the criticism by noting that he was a journalist reporting on life as he saw it.[137] Predating his later fight against censorship, he remarked: "What do you make of a society that is so primitive that it clings to the belief that certain words in its language are so powerful that they could corrupt you the moment you hear them?"[50] The remaining albums released by Warner Bros. Records without Zappa's consent were Studio Tan in 1978 and Sleep Dirt in 1979, which contained complex suites of instrumentally-based tunes recorded between 1973 and 1976, and whose release was overlooked in the midst of the legal problems.[138] Also released by the label without the artist's consent was Orchestral Favorites in 1979, which featured recordings of a concert with orchestral music from 1975.
Zappa as an independent artist (1979)[link]
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The single became a hit in non-English speaking countries and helped Sheik Yerbouti become a best-seller.[139]
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Resolving the lawsuits successfully, Zappa ended the 1970s "stronger than ever",[140] by releasing two of his most successful albums in 1979: the best selling album of his career, Sheik Yerbouti,[141] and the "bona fide masterpiece",[140] Joe's Garage.[142] The double album Sheik Yerbouti was the first release on Zappa Records, and contained the Grammy-nominated single "Dancin' Fool", which reached No. 45 on the Billboard charts,[143] and "Jewish Princess", which received attention when a Jewish group, the Anti-Defamation League (ADL), attempted to prevent the song from receiving radio airplay due to its alleged anti-Semitic lyrics.[137] Zappa vehemently denied any anti-Semitic sentiments and dismissed the ADL as a "noisemaking organization that tries to apply pressure on people in order to manufacture a stereotype image of Jews that suits their idea of a good time".[144] The album's commercial success was attributable in part to "Bobby Brown". Due to its explicit lyrics about a young man's encounter with a "dyke by the name of Freddie", the song did not get airplay in the U.S., but it topped the charts in several European countries where English is not the primary language.[139] The triple LP Joe's Garage featured lead singer Ike Willis as the voice of the character "Joe" in a rock opera about the danger of political systems,[140] the suppression of freedom of speech and music — inspired in part by the Islamic revolution that had made music illegal within its jurisdiction at the time[145] — and about the "strange relationship Americans have with sex and sexual frankness".[140] The album contains rock songs like "Catholic Girls" (a riposte to the controversies of "Jewish Princess"),[146] "Lucille Has Messed My Mind Up", and the title track, as well as extended live-recorded guitar improvisations combined with a studio backup band dominated by drummer Vinnie Colaiuta (with whom Zappa had a particularly good musical rapport)[147] adopting the xenochrony process. The album contains one of Zappa's most famous guitar "signature pieces", "Watermelon in Easter Hay".[23][148]
On December 21, 1979, Zappa's movie Baby Snakes premiered in New York. The movie's tagline was "A movie about people who do stuff that is not normal".[149] The 2 hour and 40 minutes movie was based on footage from concerts in New York around Halloween 1977, with a band featuring keyboardist Tommy Mars and percussionist Ed Mann (who would both return on later tours) as well as guitarist Adrian Belew. It also contained several extraordinary sequences of clay animation by Bruce Bickford who had earlier provided animation sequences to Zappa for a 1974 TV special (which later become available on the video The Dub Room Special (1982)).[150] The movie did not do well in theatrical distribution,[151] but won the Premier Grand Prix at the First International Music Festival in Paris in 1981. The Zappa Family Trust released it on DVD, and it has been available since 2003.[150]
Zappa later expanded on his television appearances in a non-musical role. He was an actor or voice artist in episodes of Shelley Duvall's Faerie Tale Theatre,[152] Miami Vice[153] and The Ren and Stimpy Show.[152] A voice part in The Simpsons never materialized, to creator Matt Groening's disappointment (Groening was a neighbor of Zappa's, and a lifelong fan).[154]
1980s: Productive as ever[link]
In 1980, Zappa cut his ties with Mercury Records after the label refused to release his song "I Don't Wanna Get Drafted."[155] It was picked up by CBS Records and released on the Zappa label in North America and the CBS label internationally.[156] After spending most of 1980 on the road, Zappa released Tinsel Town Rebellion in 1981. It was the first release on his own Barking Pumpkin Records,[157] and it contains songs taken from a 1979 tour, one studio track and material from the 1980 tours. The album is a mixture of complicated instrumentals and Zappa's use of sprechstimme (speaking song or voice)—a compositional technique utilized by such composers as Arnold Schoenberg and Alban Berg — showcasing some of the most accomplished bands Zappa ever had (mostly featuring drummer Vinnie Colaiuta).[157] While some lyrics still raised controversy among critics, in the sense that some found them sexist,[158] the political and sociological satire in songs like the title track and "The Blue Light" have been described as a "hilarious critique of the willingness of the American people to believe anything".[159] The album is also notable for the presence of guitarist Steve Vai, who joined Zappa's touring band in the fall of 1980.[160]
The same year the double album You Are What You Is was released. Most of it was recorded in Zappa's brand new Utility Muffin Research Kitchen (UMRK) studios, which were located at his house,[85] thereby giving him complete freedom to work.[161] The album included one complex instrumental, "Theme from the 3rd Movement of Sinister Footwear", but focused mainly on rock songs with Zappa's sardonic social commentary—satirical lyrics targeted at teenagers, the media, and religious and political hypocrisy.[162] "Dumb All Over" is a tirade on religion, as is "Heavenly Bank Account", wherein Zappa rails against TV evangelists such as Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson for their purported influence on the U.S. administration as well as their use of religion as a means of raising money.[163] Songs like "Society Pages" and "I'm a Beautiful Guy" show Zappa's dismay with the Reagan era and its "obscene pursuit of wealth and happiness".[163]
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The title track on Shut Up 'N Play Yer Guitar features Zappa's guitar improvisations.
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In 1981, Zappa also released three instrumental albums, Shut Up 'N Play Yer Guitar, Shut Up 'N Play Yer Guitar Some More, and The Return of the Son of Shut Up 'N Play Yer Guitar, which were initially sold via mail order, but later released through the CBS label due to popular demand.[164] The albums focus exclusively on Frank Zappa as a guitar soloist, and the tracks are predominantly live recordings from 1979–1980; they highlight Zappa's improvisational skills with "beautiful performances from the backing group as well".[165] Another guitar-only album, Guitar, was released in 1988, and a third, Trance-Fusion, which Zappa completed shortly before his death, was released in 2006.
From hit single to classical performances[link]
In May 1982, Zappa released Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch, which featured his biggest selling single ever, the Grammy Award-nominated song "Valley Girl" (topping out at No. 32 on the Billboard charts).[143] In her improvised lyrics to the song, Zappa's daughter Moon Unit satirized the vapid speech of teenage girls from the San Fernando Valley, which popularized many "Valspeak" expressions such as "gag me with a spoon," "fer sure, fer sure," "grody" (gross), and "barf out".[166] Most Americans who only knew Zappa from his few singles successes now thought of him as a person writing "novelty songs", even though the rest of the album contained highly challenging music.[167] Zappa was irritated by this[168] and never played the song live.[167]
In 1983, two different projects were released, beginning with The Man from Utopia, a rock-oriented work. The album is eclectic, featuring the vocal-led "Dangerous Kitchen" and "The Jazz Discharge Party Hats", both continuations of the sprechstimme excursions on Tinseltown Rebellion. The second album, London Symphony Orchestra, Vol. 1, contained orchestral Zappa compositions conducted by Kent Nagano and performed by the London Symphony Orchestra (LSO). A second record of these sessions, London Symphony Orchestra, Vol. 2 was released in 1987. The material was recorded under a tight schedule with Zappa providing all funding, helped by the commercial success of "Valley Girl".[169] Zappa was not satisfied with the LSO recordings. One reason is "Strictly Genteel", which was recorded after the trumpet section had been out for drinks on a break: the track took 40 edits to hide out-of-tune notes.[169] Conductor Nagano, who was pleased with the experience, noted that in "fairness to the orchestra, the music is humanly very, very difficult".[170] Some reviews noted that the recordings were the best representation of Zappa's orchestral work so far.[171] In 1984 Zappa teamed again with Nagano and the Berkeley Symphony for a live performance of A Zappa Affair with augmented orchestra, life-size puppets, and moving stage sets. Although critically acclaimed the work was a financial failure, and only performed twice. Zappa was invited by conference organizer Thomas Wells to be the keynote speaker at the American Society of University Composers at the Ohio State University. It was there Zappa delivered his famous "Bingo! There Goes Your Tenure" address,[172] and had two of his orchestra pieces, "Dupree's Paradise" and "Naval Aviation in Art?" performed by the Columbus Symphony and ProMusica Chamber Orchestra of Columbus.[173][174]
Synclavier[link]
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A Zappa composition for classical ensemble from Boulez Conducts Zappa: The Perfect Stranger.
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For the remainder of his career, much of Zappa's work was influenced by his use of the Synclavier as a compositional and performance tool. Even considering the complexity of the music he wrote, the Synclavier could realize anything he could dream up.[175] The Synclavier could be programmed to play almost anything conceivable, to perfection: "With the Synclavier, any group of imaginary instruments can be invited to play the most difficult passages ... with one-millisecond accuracy—every time".[175] Even though it essentially did away with the need for musicians,[176] Zappa viewed the Synclavier and real-life musicians as separate.[175] In 1984, he released four albums. Boulez Conducts Zappa: The Perfect Stranger, contains orchestral works commissioned and conducted by world-renowned conductor Pierre Boulez (who was listed as an influence on Freak Out!) and performed by his Ensemble InterContemporain, juxtaposed with premiere Synclavier pieces. Again, Zappa was not satisfied with the performances of his orchestral works as he found them under-rehearsed, but in the album liner notes he respectfully thanks Boulez's demands for precision.[177] The Synclavier pieces stood in contrast to the orchestral works, as the sounds were electronically generated and not, as became possible shortly thereafter, sampled.
The album Thing-Fish was an ambitious three-record set in the style of a Broadway play dealing with a dystopian "what-if" scenario involving feminism, homosexuality, manufacturing and distribution of the AIDS virus, and a eugenics program conducted by the United States government.[178] New vocals were combined with previously released tracks and new Synclavier music; "the work is an extraordinary example of bricolage".[179] Finally, in 1984, Zappa released Francesco Zappa, a Synclavier rendition of works by 18th century composer Francesco Zappa (no known relation), and Them or Us, a two-record set of heavily edited live and session pieces.
Senate testimony[link]
On September 19, 1985, Zappa testified before the United States Senate Commerce, Technology, and Transportation committee, attacking the Parents Music Resource Center or PMRC, a music organization co-founded by Tipper Gore, wife of then-senator Al Gore. The PMRC consisted of many wives of politicians, including the wives of five members of the committee, and was founded to address the issue of song lyrics with sexual or satanic content.[180] Zappa saw their activities as on a path towards censorship,[181] and called their proposal for voluntary labelling of records with explicit content "extortion" of the music industry.[182] In his prepared statement, he said:
The PMRC proposal is an ill-conceived piece of nonsense which fails to deliver any real benefits to children, infringes the civil liberties of people who are not children, and promises to keep the courts busy for years dealing with the interpretational and enforcemental problems inherent in the proposal's design. It is my understanding that, in law, First Amendment issues are decided with a preference for the least restrictive alternative. In this context, the PMRC's demands are the equivalent of treating dandruff by decapitation ... The establishment of a rating system, voluntary or otherwise, opens the door to an endless parade of moral quality control programs based on things certain Christians do not like. What if the next bunch of Washington wives demands a large yellow "J" on all material written or performed by Jews, in order to save helpless children from exposure to concealed Zionist doctrine?[183]
Zappa set excerpts from the PMRC hearings to Synclavier music in his composition "Porn Wars" on the 1985 album Frank Zappa Meets the Mothers of Prevention, and the full recording was released in 2010 as Congress Shall Make No Law.... Zappa is heard interacting with Senators Fritz Hollings, Slade Gorton, Al Gore (who claimed, at the hearing, to be a Zappa fan), and in an exchange with Florida Senator Paula Hawkins over what toys Zappa's children played with. Zappa expressed opinions on censorship when he appeared on CNN's Crossfire TV series and debated issues with Washington Times commentator John Lofton in 1986.[184] Zappa's passion for US politics was becoming a bigger part of his life. He had always encouraged his fans to register to vote on album covers, and throughout 1988 he had registration booths at his concerts.[185] He even considered running for President of the United States.[186]
Digital medium and last tour[link]
Around 1986, Zappa undertook a comprehensive re-release program of his earlier vinyl recordings.[187] He personally oversaw the remastering of all his 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s albums for the new digital compact disc medium.[188] Certain aspects of these re-issues were, however, criticized by some fans as being unfaithful to the original recordings.[189] Nearly twenty years before the advent of online music stores, Zappa had proposed to replace "phonographic record merchandising" of music by "direct digital-to-digital transfer" through phone or cable TV (with royalty payments and consumer billing automatically built into the accompanying software).[190] In 1989, Zappa considered his idea a "miserable flop".[190]
The album Jazz from Hell, released in 1986, earned Zappa his first Grammy Award in 1987 for Best Rock Instrumental Performance. Except for one live guitar solo (St. Etienne), the album exclusively featured compositions brought to life by the Synclavier. Although an instrumental album, containing no lyrics whatsoever, Meyer Music Markets sold Jazz from Hell featuring an "explicit lyrics" sticker—a warning label introduced by the Recording Industry Association of America in an agreement with the PMRC.[191]
Zappa's last tour in a rock and jazz band format took place in 1988 with a 12-piece group which had a repertoire of over 100 (mostly Zappa) compositions, but which split under acrimonious circumstances before the tour was completed.[192] The tour was documented on the albums Broadway the Hard Way (new material featuring songs with strong political emphasis), The Best Band You Never Heard in Your Life (Zappa "standards" and an eclectic collection of cover tunes, ranging from Maurice Ravel's Boléro to Led Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven"), and Make a Jazz Noise Here (mostly instrumental and avant-garde music). Parts are also found on You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, volumes 4 and 6.
1990s: Classical music and death[link]
In early 1990, Zappa visited Czechoslovakia at the request of President Václav Havel, and was asked to serve as consultant for the government on trade, cultural matters and tourism. Havel was a lifelong fan of Zappa who had great influence in the avant-garde and underground scene in Central Europe in the 1970s and 1980s (a Czech rock group that was imprisoned in 1976 took its name from Zappa's 1968 song "Plastic People").[193] Zappa enthusiastically agreed and began meeting with corporate officials interested in investing in Czechoslovakia. Within a few weeks, however, the U.S. administration put pressure on the Czech government to withdraw the appointment. Havel made Zappa an unofficial cultural attaché instead.[194] Zappa also planned to develop an international consulting enterprise to facilitate trade between the former Eastern Bloc and Western businesses.[195] On June 24, 1991, Zappa took part at the concert "Adieu Soviet Army", organised in Prague, as the farewell to the last soldiers of Soviet Red Army, leaving Czechoslovakia (the Red Army had occupied Czechoslovakia since the Prague spring). This was probably Zappa's last rock appearance on stage and it is recorded on the album Adieu C. A. (Soviet Army).[196]
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One of Zappa's works for Synclavier on Civilization, Phaze III, cited as his "last great work."[197]
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Most of Zappa's projects came to a halt in 1990, when he was diagnosed with terminal prostate cancer. The disease had been developing unnoticed for ten years and was considered inoperable.[195] After his diagnosis, Zappa devoted most of his energy to modern orchestral and Synclavier works. Shortly before his death in 1993 he completed Civilization, Phaze III, a major Synclavier work which he had begun in the 1980s.[198][199]
In 1991, Zappa was chosen to be one of four featured composers at the Frankfurt Festival in 1992 (the others were John Cage, Karlheinz Stockhausen and Alexander Knaifel).[200] Zappa was approached by the German chamber ensemble, Ensemble Modern, which was interested in playing his music for the event. Although ill, Zappa invited them to Los Angeles for rehearsals of new compositions and new arrangements of older material.[201] In addition to being satisfied with the ensemble's performances of his music, Zappa also got along with the musicians, and the concerts in Germany and Austria were set up for the fall.[201] In September 1992, the concerts went ahead as scheduled, but Zappa could only appear at two in Frankfurt due to illness. At the first concert, he conducted the opening "Overture", and the final "G-Spot Tornado" as well as the theatrical "Food Gathering in Post-Industrial America, 1992" and "Welcome to the United States" (the remainder of the program was conducted by the ensemble's regular conductor Peter Rundel). Zappa received a 20-minute ovation.[202] It would become his last professional public appearance, as the cancer was spreading to such an extent that he was in too much pain to enjoy an event that he otherwise found "exhilarating".[202] Recordings from the concerts appeared on The Yellow Shark (1993), Zappa's last release during his lifetime, and some material from studio rehearsals appeared on the posthumous Everything Is Healing Nicely (1999).
Frank Zappa died on Saturday, December 4, 1993 in his home with his wife and children. At a private ceremony the following day, Zappa was interred in an unmarked grave at the Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Westwood, Los Angeles,[203][204] next to the eventual (1996) grave of actor Lew Ayres.[205] On Monday, December 6 his family publicly announced that "Composer Frank Zappa left for his final tour just before 6:00 pm on Saturday".[206]
Legacy[link]
Acclaim and honors[link]
Frank Zappa was one of the first to try tearing down the barriers between rock, jazz, and classical music. In the late Sixties his Mothers of Invention would slip from Stravinsky's "Petroushka" into The Dovells' "Bristol Stomp" before breaking down into saxophone squeals inspired by Albert Ayler
The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll
Zappa earned widespread critical acclaim in his lifetime and after his death. The Rolling Stone Album Guide (2004) writes: "Frank Zappa dabbled in virtually all kinds of music — and, whether guised as a satirical rocker, jazz-rock fusionist, guitar virtuoso, electronics wizard, or orchestral innovator, his eccentric genius was undeniable".[207] Even though his work drew inspiration from many different genres, Zappa was seen establishing a coherent and personal expression. In 1971, biographer David Walley noted that "The whole structure of his music is unified, not neatly divided by dates or time sequences and it is all building into a composite".[208] On commenting on Zappa's music, politics and philosophy, Barry Miles noted in 2004 that they cannot be separated: "It was all one; all part of his 'conceptual continuity'".[209]
Guitar Player devoted a special issue to Zappa in 1992, and asked on the cover "Is FZ America's Best Kept Musical Secret?" Editor Don Menn remarked that the issue was about "The most important composer to come out of modern popular music".[210] Among those contributing to the issue was composer and musicologist Nicolas Slonimsky, who conducted premiere performances of works of Ives and Varèse in the 1930s.[211] He became friends with Zappa in the 1980s,[212] and said "I admire everything Frank does, because he practically created the new musical millennium. He does beautiful, beautiful work ... It has been my luck to have lived to see the emergence of this totally new type of music."[213] Conductor Kent Nagano remarked in the same issue that "Frank is a genius. That's a word I don't use often ... In Frank's case it is not too strong ... He is extremely literate musically. I'm not sure if the general public knows that".[214] Pierre Boulez stated in Musician magazine's posthumous Zappa tribute article that Zappa "was an exceptional figure because he was part of the worlds of rock and classical music and that both types of his work would survive."[215] Many music scholars acknowledge Zappa as one of the most influential composers of his generation.[216][217][218] As an electric guitarist, he has become highly regarded.[219][220][221]
In 1994, jazz magazine Down Beat's critics poll placed Zappa in its Hall of Fame.[222] Zappa was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995. There, it was written that "Frank Zappa was rock and roll's sharpest musical mind and most astute social critic. He was the most prolific composer of his age, and he bridged genres — rock, jazz, classical, avant-garde and even novelty music — with masterful ease".[223] He received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1997.[224] In 2005, the U.S. National Recording Preservation Board included We're Only in It for the Money in the National Recording Registry as "Frank Zappa's inventive and iconoclastic album presents a unique political stance, both anti-conservative and anti-counterculture, and features a scathing satire on hippiedom and America's reactions to it".[225] The same year, Rolling Stone magazine ranked him at No. 71 on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.[226] In 2011, he was ranked at No. 22 on the list of the 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time by the same magazine.[227]
Artists influenced by Zappa[link]
A number of notable musicians, bands and orchestras from diverse genres have been influenced by Frank Zappa's music. Rock artists like Alice Cooper,[228] Primus,[229] Fee Waybill of The Tubes[230] all cite Zappa's influence, as do progressive rock artists like Henry Cow,[231] Trey Anastasio of Phish,[226] and John Frusciante.[232] Paul McCartney regarded Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band as The Beatles' Freak Out![233] Heavy rock and metal acts like Black Sabbath,[234] Mike Portnoy,[235] Warren DeMartini,[236] Steve Vai,[237] Strapping Young Lad,[238] System of a Down,[239] Clawfinger,[240] and Devin Townsend[241] acknowledge Zappa's inspiration. On the classical music scene, Tomas Ulrich,[242] Meridian Arts Ensemble,[243] Ensemble Ambrosius[244] and the Fireworks Ensemble[245] regularly perform Zappa's compositions and quote his influence. Contemporary jazz musicians and composers Bill Frisell[246] and John Zorn[247] are inspired by Zappa, as is funk legend George Clinton.[248] Other artists whose work is affected by Zappa include new age pianist George Winston,[249] electronic composer Bob Gluck,[250] parodist and novelty composer "Weird Al" Yankovic,[251] industrial music pioneer Genesis P-Orridge,[252] and noise music artist Masami Akita of Merzbow.[253]
References in arts and sciences[link]
Scientists from various fields have honored Zappa by naming new discoveries after him. In 1967, paleontologist Leo P. Plas, Jr. identified an extinct mollusc in Nevada and named it Amaurotoma zappa with the motivation that, "The specific name, zappa, honors Frank Zappa".[254] In the 1980s, biologist Ed Murdy named a genus of gobiid fishes of New Guinea Zappa, with a species named Zappa confluentus.[255] Biologist Ferdinando Boero named a Californian jellyfish Phialella zappai (1987), noting that he had "pleasure in naming this species after the modern music composer".[256] Belgian biologists Bosmans and Bosselaers discovered in the early 1980s a Cameroonese spider, which they in 1994 named Pachygnatha zappa because "the ventral side of the abdomen of the female of this species strikingly resembles the artist's legendary moustache".[257] A gene of the bacterium Proteus mirabilis that causes urinary tract infections was in 1995 named zapA by three biologists from Maryland. In their scientific article, they "especially thank the late Frank Zappa for inspiration and assistance with genetic nomenclature".[258] In the late 1990s, American paleontologists Marc Salak and Halard L. Lescinsky discovered a metazoan fossil, and named it Spygori zappania to honor "the late Frank Zappa ... whose mission paralleled that of the earliest paleontologists: to challenge conventional and traditional beliefs when such beliefs lacked roots in logic and reason".[259]
In 1994, lobbying efforts initiated by psychiatrist John Scialli led the International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet Center to name an asteroid in Zappa's honor: 3834 Zappafrank.[260] The asteroid was discovered in 1980 by Czechoslovakian astronomer Ladislav Brozek, and the citation for its naming says that "Zappa was an eclectic, self-trained artist and composer ... Before 1989 he was regarded as a symbol of democracy and freedom by many people in Czechoslovakia".[261]
In 1995, a bust of Zappa by sculptor Konstantinas Bogdanas was installed in the Lithuanian capital Vilnius. A replica was offered to the city of Baltimore in 2008, and on September 19, 2010 — the twenty-fifth anniversary of Zappa's testimony to the U.S. Senate — a ceremony dedicating the replica was held, with the bust installed at the Southeast Anchor Branch Library in Baltimore's Highlandtown. Speakers at the event included Gail Zappa and Baltimore Mayor Stephanie Rawlings-Blake[262][263] In 2002, a bronze bust was installed in German city Bad Doberan, since 1990 location of the Zappanale, an annual music festival celebrating Zappa.[264] At the initiative of musicians community ORWOhaus, the city of Berlin named a street in the Marzahn district "Frank-Zappa-Straße" in 2007.[265] The same year, Baltimore's mayor Sheila Dixon proclaimed August 9 as the city's official "Frank Zappa Day" citing Zappa's musical accomplishments as well as his defense of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.[266]
Discography[link]
References[link]
- Day, Nancy (2001). Censorship: Or Freedom of Expression?. Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books, Lerner Publications. ISBN 0-8225-2628-X.
- Delville, Michel; Norris, Andrew (2005). Frank Zappa, Captain Beefheart and the Secret History of Maximalism. Oxford: Salt Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84471-059-1.
- DeCurtis, Anthony; Henke, James with Holly George-Warren, ed. (1992). The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll. Jim Miller (Original Editor) (3rd ed.). New York: Random House. ISBN 0-679-73728-6.
- Gray, Michael (1984). Mother! Is the Story of Frank Zappa. London: Proteus Books. ISBN 0-86276-146-8.
- James, Billy (2000). Necessity Is ...: The Early Years of Frank Zappa & The Mothers of Invention. London: SAF Publishing Ltd.. ISBN 0-946719-51-9.
- Lowe, Kelly Fisher (2006). The Words and Music of Frank Zappa. Westport: Praeger Publishers. ISBN 0-275-98779-5.
- Martin, Bill (2002). Avant Rock: Experimental Music from the Beatles to Björk. Peru, Illinois: Open Court Publishing Company. ISBN 0-8126-9500-3.
- MacDonald, Ian (1994). Revolution in the head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties. Fourth Estate Ltd.. ISBN 1-85702-099-5.
- Miles, Barry (2004). Frank Zappa. London: Atlantic Books. ISBN 1-84354-092-4.
- Slaven, Neil (2003). Electric Don Quixote: The Definitive Story of Frank Zappa. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-9436-6.
- Sparks, Michael (1982). Cocaine Fiends and Reefer Madness: An Illustrated History of Drugs in the Movies. New York: Cornwall Books. ISBN 0-8453-4504-4.
- Walley, David (1980). No Commercial Potential. The Saga of Frank Zappa. Then and Now. New York: E. P. Dutton. ISBN 0-525-93153-8.
- Watson, Ben (1996). Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play. New York: St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 0-312-14124-6.
- Watson, Ben (2005). Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 1-84449-865-4.
- Zappa, Frank with Occhiogrosso, Peter (1989). The Real Frank Zappa Book. New York: Poseidon Press. ISBN 0-671-63870-X.
- "Frank Zappa", The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll, New York: Simon & Schuster Inc, 1993, ISBN 0-684-81044-1
Notes[link]
- ^ Until discovering his birth certificate as an adult, Zappa believed he had been christened "Francis", and he is credited as Francis on some of his early albums. His legal name was always "Frank", however, never "Francis." Cf. Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 15.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 15.
- ^ a b The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll, 1993.
- ^ a b Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 20–23.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 8–9.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 10.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 22.
- ^ Mendoza, Bart (November, 2005). "Counter Culture Coincidence". San Diego Troubadour. The San Diego Troubadour. http://www.sandiegotroubadour.com/content/features/fullcircle.aspx?issue=nov_2005. Retrieved September 11, 2010. [dead link]
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 34.
- ^ a b Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 29.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 22.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 36.
- ^ a b Zappa, Frank (June 1971). "Edgard Varese: The Idol of My Youth". Stereo Review: 61–62..
- ^ a b c Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 30–33.
- ^ a b Show 14 – Big Rock Candy Mountain: Rock 'n' roll in the late fifties. [Part 4] : UNT Digital Library
- ^ Holmes, Thom (2008). "Early Synthesizers and Experimenters". Electronic and experimental music: technology, music, and culture (3rd ed.). Taylor & Francis. pp. 153–4. ISBN 0-415-95781-8. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hCthQ-bec-QC&pg=PA153. Retrieved 2011-06-04.
- ^ a b Watson, 1996, Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play, p. 13.
- ^ Among his many musical satires are the 1967 songs "Flower Punk" (which parodies the song "Hey Joe") and "Who Needs The Peace Corps?", which are critiques of the late-Sixties commercialization of the hippie phenomenon.
- ^ a b For a comprehensive list of the appearance of parts of "old" compositions or quotes from others' music in Zappa's catalogue, see Albertos, Román García, FZ Musical Quotes, Information is Not Knowledge, globia.net/donlope, http://globalia.net/donlope/fz/quotes.html . Retrieved on January 21, 2008.
- ^ On several of his earlier albums, Zappa paid tribute to Varèse by quoting his: "The present-day composer refuses to die."
- ^ Slaven, 2003, Electric Don Quixote, pp. 29–30.
- ^ The Mike Douglas Show, NBC [TV Show], November 1976
- ^ a b The other signature pieces are "Zoot Allures" and "Black Napkins" from Zoot Allures. See Zappa, Dweezil (1996), Greetings music lovers, Dweezil here, Liner Notes, Frank Zappa Plays the Music of Frank Zappa: A Memorial Tribute
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 40.
- ^ Walley, 1980, No Commercial Potential, p. 23.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 48.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 345.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 58.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 40.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 59.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 63.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 55.
- ^ Gray, 1984, Mother!, p. 29.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 42.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 74.
- ^ Slaven, 1996, Electric Don Quixote, pp. 35–36.
- ^ Watson, 1996, Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play, p. 27.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 43.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 80–81.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa. pp. 82–83.
- ^ Watson, 1996, Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play, p. 26.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 85.
- ^ Harp, Ted (March, 1965), "Vice Squad Raids Local Film Studio", The Daily Report (Ontario, California)
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 57.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 86–87.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. XV.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 87.
- ^ Slaven, 1996, Electric Don Quixote, p. 40.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 90–91.
- ^ a b Swenson, John (March 1980), Frank Zappa: America's Weirdest Rock Star Comes Clean, High Times
- ^ a b Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 65–66.
- ^ Slaven, 2003, Electric Don Quixote, p. 42.
- ^ Walley, 1980, No Commercial Potential, p. 58.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 103.
- ^ Interview with Frank Zappa, UMRK, Los Angeles, CA: BBC [TV Show], March 1993
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 25.
- ^ Walley, 1980, No Commercial Potential, pp. 60–61.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 115.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 112.
- ^ Watson, 2005, Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music, pp. 10–11.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 123.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 122.
- ^ Loder, Kurt (1988), "Rolling Stone Interview", Rolling Stone
- ^ He considered such campaigns as yuppie inventions and noted that "Some people like garlic ... I like pepper, tobacco and coffee. That's my metabolism". Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 234–235.
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 5.
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, pp. 38–43.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 135–138.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 140–141.
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 56.
- ^ Walley, 1980, No Commercial Potential, p. 86.
- ^ Couture, François, Lumpy Gravy. Review, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/album/r22630 . Retrieved on January 2, 2008; Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 56.
- ^ The initial orchestra-only recordings were released posthumously on the box set Lumpy Money (2009). See Dolan, Casey (December 8, 2008), "The Resurrection of Frank Zappa's Soul", LA Weekly (Village Voice Media), http://www.laweekly.com/2008-12-11/music/the-resurrection-of-frank-zappa-8217-s-soul/1 . Retrieved on February 2, 2009.
- ^ James, 2000, Necessity Is ... , pp. 62–69.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 147.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 94.
- ^ Huey, Steve, We're Only in It for the Money. Review, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/album/r22631 . Retrieved on January 2, 2008.
- ^ Watson, 2005, Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music, p. 15. Walley, 1980, No Commercial Potential, p. 90.
- ^ As the legal aspects of using the Sgt Pepper concept were unsettled, the album was released with the cover and back on the inside of the gatefold, while the actual cover and back were a picture of the group in a pose parodying the inside of the Beatles album. Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 151.
- ^ Watson, 1996, Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play, p. 88.
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 58.
- ^ a b Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 88.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 160.
- ^ James, 2000, Necessity Is ..., p. 104.
- ^ In the process, he built up a vast archive of live recordings. In the late 1980s some of these recordings were collected for the 12-CD set You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore.
- ^ a b c Chris Michie (January 2003), We are The Mothers...and This Is What We Sound Like!, MixOnline.com, http://mixonline.com/recording/business/audio_mothers_sound/ . Retrieved on January 4, 2008.
- ^ Bob Marshall, "Interview with Frank Zappa," October 22, 1988.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 173–175.
- ^ a b c Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 74.
- ^ Couture, François. "Peaches en Regalia [Song Review"]. Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/song/t2677929. Retrieved April 11, 2010.
- ^ Notable covers include: Jon Poole, What's the Ugliest Part of Your Body?; Meridian Arts Ensemble, Prime Meridian; Dixie Dregs, California Screamin'; Dweezil Zappa, Go with What You Know; Phish, Vegas 96; The Roots, How I Got Over
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 178.
- ^ a b Walley, 1980, No Commercial Potential, p. 116.
- ^ Slaven, 2003, Electric Don Quixote, pp. 119–120.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 185–187.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 107.
- ^ Slaven, 2003, Electric Don Quixote, p. 120.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 116.
- ^ Huey, Steve, Hot Rats. Review, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/album/r22632 . Retrieved on January 2, 2008.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 194.
- ^ a b Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 109.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 142–156.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 201.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 205.
- ^ a b Watson, 1996, Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play, p. 183.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 207.
- ^ Starks, 1982, Cocaine Fiends and Reefer Madness, p. 153.
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 94.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 119–137.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 203–204.
- ^ During the June 1971 Fillmore concerts Zappa was joined on stage by John Lennon and Yoko Ono. This performance was recorded, and Lennon released excerpts on his album Some Time In New York City in 1972. Zappa later released his version of excerpts from the concert on Playground Psychotics in 1992, including the jam track "Scumbag" and an extended avant-garde vocal piece by Ono (originally called "Au"), which Zappa renamed "A Small Eternity with Yoko Ono".
- ^ a b c Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 112–115.
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 101.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 225–226.
- ^ Official recordings of these bands did not emerge until more than 30 years later on Wazoo (2007) and Imaginary Diseases (2006), respectively.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 231.
- ^ Frank Zappa > Charts and Awards > Billboard Albums, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p74796 . Retrieved on January 3, 2008.
- ^ Huey, Steve, Apostrophe ('). Review, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/album/r53148 . Retrieved on January 3, 2008.
- ^ a b Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, pp. 114–122.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 248.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 372.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 250.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 253; pp. 258–259.
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 131.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 261.
- ^ Slaven, 2003, Electric Don Quixote, p. 248.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 267.
- ^ Ruhlmann, W. (2011 [last update]). "The Old Masters Box 3 [PQRSTUVW] - Frank Zappa & the Mothers | AllMusic". allmusic.com. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r53145. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
- ^ It remains debated whether Zappa had conceived the material as a four-LP set from the beginning, or only when approaching Mercury-Phonogram; see, e.g., Watson, 2005, Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music, p. 49. In the liner notes to the 1996 release, however, Gail Zappa states that "As originally conceived by Frank, Läther was always a 4-record box set."
- ^ Watson, 2005, Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music, p. 49.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 262.
- ^ In 1978, Zappa served both as host and musical act on the show, and as an actor in various sketches.
- ^ Zappa, Frank, 1978, Zappa in New York, Liner Notes.
- ^ a b Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 132.
- ^ Clement, Brett (2004), "Little dots: A study of the melodies of the guitarist / composer Frank Zappa (pdf file)" (PDF), Master Thesis (The Florida State University, School of Music): pp. 25–48, http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04122004-114345/unrestricted/zappathesis3.pdf . Retrieved on December 29, 2007.
- ^ Hemmings, Richard (2006), Ever wonder why your daughter looked so sad? Non-danceable beats: getting to grips with rhythmical unpredictability in Project/Object, richardhemmings.co.uk, http://www.richardhemmings.co.uk/001/research/zappology/saddaughter.html . Retrieved on July 24, 2008.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 261–262; Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 134.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 234.
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 138.
- ^ a b Watson, 1996, Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play, p. 351.
- ^ a b c d Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 140.
- ^ Groening, Matt; Menn, Don (1992), "The Mother of All Interviews. Act II: Matt Groening joins in on the scrutiny of the central decentralizer", in Menn, Don (ed.), Zappa! Guitar Player Presents, San Francisco, CA: Miller Freeman, p. 61, ISSN 1063-4533
- ^ Both albums made it onto the Billboard top 30. Frank Zappa > Charts & Awards > Billboard Albums, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p74796 . Retrieved on January 6, 2008.
- ^ a b Frank Zappa > Charts & Awards > Billboard Singles, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p74796 . Retrieved on January 6, 2008.
- ^ Peterson, Chris (November 1979), He's Only 38 and He Knows How to Nasty, Relix Magazine
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 277.
- ^ Watson, 2005, Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music, p. 59.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 180.
- ^ Watson, 2005, Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music, p. 61.
- ^ Baby Snakes, 2003, DVD cover, Eagle Vision.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 282.
- ^ Sohmer, Adam (June 8, 2005), Baby Snakes – DVD, Big Picture Big Sound, http://www.bigpicturebigsound.com/article_501.shtml . Retrieved on January 7, 2008.
- ^ a b Frank Zappa, IMDb – The Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0953261/ . Retrieved on July 30, 2008.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 343.
- ^ Eliscu, Jenny (November 8, 2002), "Homer and Me", Rolling Stone Magazine
- ^ "Times The New York - Google Books". Books.google.com. http://books.google.com/books?id=1_i5f3jhD9UC&pg=PA3054&dq=%22zappa+records%22+%2B+mercury+%2B+drafted&hl=en#v=onepage&q=%22zappa%20records%22%20%2B%20mercury%20%2B%20drafted&f=false. Retrieved 2012-04-30.
- ^ "Frank Zappa - I Don't Wanna Get Drafted! (Vinyl) at Discogs". Discogs.com. http://www.discogs.com/Frank-Zappa-I-Dont-Wanna-Get-Drafted/release/807608. Retrieved 2012-04-30.
- ^ a b Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 161.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 284.
- ^ Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 165.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 283.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 269.
- ^ Huey, Steve, You Are What You Is. Review, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/album/r53163 . Retrieved on January 7, 2008.
- ^ a b Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, pp. 169–175.
- ^ Zappa, Frank (November 1982), Absolutely Frank. First Steps in Odd Meters, Guitar Player Magazine, p. 116.
- ^ Swenson, John (November, 1981), Frank Zappa: Shut Up 'N Play Yer Guitar, Shut Up 'N Play Yer Guitar Some More, The Return of the Son of Shut Up 'N Play Yer Guitar, Guitar World
- ^ Huey, Steve, Valley Girl. Frank Zappa. Song Review, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/song/t2677879 . Retrieved on January 7, 2008.
- ^ a b Lowe, 2006, The Words and Music of Frank Zappa, p. 178.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 304.
- ^ a b Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 146–156.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 315.
- ^ Ruhlmann, William, London Symphony Orchestra, Vol. 1. Review, Allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/album/r53172 . Retrieved on January 7, 2008.
- ^ "Bingo! There Goes Your Tenure" by Frank Zappa, 1984
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 323.
- ^ Kelp, Larry (June 18, 1984), "Zappa Pokes Into The Fine Arts", The Oakland Tribune, http://www.afka.net/Articles/1984-06_Tribune.htm, retrieved July 5, 2009
- ^ a b c Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 172–173.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 319.
- ^ Watson, 2005, Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music, p. 73.
- ^ The musical was eventually produced for the stage in 2003. See Thing-Fish – The Return of Frank Zappa, The British Theatre Guide, http://www.britishtheatreguide.info/otherresources/interviews/Thing-Fish.htm . Retrieved on December 11, 2007.
- ^ Carr, Paul; Hand, Richard J. (2007), "Frank Zappa and musical theatre: ugly ugly o'phan Annie and really deep, intense, thought-provoking Broadway symbolism", Studies in Musical Theatre 1 (1): 44–51., DOI:10.1386/smt.1.1.41/1, http://www.atypon-link.com/INT/doi/abs/10.1386/smt.1.1.41_1?cookieSet=1&journalCode=smt Full article available by free login only. Retrieved on July 28, 2008.
- ^ Day, 2000, Censorship, p. 53.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 267.
- ^ Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, p. 262.
- ^ Record Labeling. Hearing before the committee on commerce, science and transportation, U.S. Government printing office, September 19, 1985, http://www.joesapt.net/superlink/shrg99-529/p51.html . Retrieved on December 31, 2007.
- ^ Crossfire with Frank Zappa and John Lofton, CNN [TV Debate], March 1986, http://www.archive.org/details/FrankZappaOnCrossfire
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 348.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 365.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 340.
- ^ For a comprehensive comparison of vinyl of CD releases, see The Frank Zappa Album Versions Guide – Index, The Zappa Patio, www.lukpac.org/~handmade/patio, http://www.lukpac.org/~handmade/patio/vinylvscds/index.html . Retrieved on January 7, 2008.
- ^ For example, new drum and bass parts were used on the 1960s albums We're Only in It for the Money and Cruising with Ruben & the Jets. See Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 327.
- ^ a b Zappa with Occhiogrosso, 1989, The Real Frank Zappa Book, pp. 337–339.
- ^ Nuzum, Eric (2001), Parental Advisory: Music Censorship in America, HarperCollins, pp. 39, 255, ISBN 0-688-16772-1
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 346–350.
- ^ Mitchell, Tony (May, 1992), "Mixing Pop and Politics: Rock Music in Czechoslovakia before and after the Velvet Revolution", Popular Music. A Changing Europe (Cambridge University Press) 11: 187–203
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 357–361.
- ^ a b Ouellette, Dan (August 1993), Frank Zappa, Pulse! Magazine, pp. 48–56.
- ^ "Pražský Výběr at the Knitting Factory". http://new-york.czechcentres.cz/program/event-details/prazsky-vyber-at-the-knitting-factory1/.
- ^ Watson, 2005, Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music, p. 100.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 374–375.
- ^ It brought him a posthumous Grammy Award (with Gail Zappa) for Best Recording Package – Boxed in 1994. GRAMMY Winners, GRAMMY.com, http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search . Retrieved on August 18, 2008.
- ^ Menn, Don, ed. (1992), "Andreas Mölich-Zebhauser — Preparing the Ensemble Modern for the Frankfurt Festival", Zappa! Guitar Player Presents, San Francisco, CA: Miller Freeman, pp. 12–13, ISSN 1063-4533
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 369.
- ^ a b Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 371.
- ^ Watson, 2005, Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music, p. 552.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, pp. 379–380.
- ^ Frank Zappa (1940–1993) – Find A Grave Memorial
- ^ Slaven, 2003, Electric Don Quixote, p. 320.
- ^ Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian, eds. (2004), The New Rolling Stone Album Guide: Completely Revised and Updated 4th Edition, New York, NY: Fireside, p. 903, ISBN 0-7432-0169-8
- ^ Walley, 1980, No Commercial Potential, p. 3.
- ^ Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 383.
- ^ Menn, Don (1992), "From the Editor", in Menn, Don, Zappa! Guitar Player Presents, San Francisco, CA: Miller Freeman, p. 3, ISSN 1063-4533
- ^ Kozinn, Allan (December 27, 1996), "Nicolas Slonimsky, Author of Widely Used Reference Works on Music, Dies at 101", The New York Times, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E6D61539F934A15751C1A963958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all . Retrieved on August 17, 2008.
- ^ In December 1981, the then 87 year old Slonimsky made a guest appearance on piano at a Zappa concert. Miles, 2004, Frank Zappa, p. 295–296.
- ^ Menn, Don, ed. (1992), "Nicolas Slonimsky — The Century's Preeminent Lexicographer Nails Zappa Down", Zappa! Guitar Player Presents, San Francisco, CA: Miller Freeman, pp. 6–7, ISSN 1063-4533
- ^ Menn, Don, ed. (1992), "Kent Nagano — Premiering Zappa with the London Symphony Orchestra", Zappa! Guitar Player Presents, San Francisco, CA: Miller Freeman, pp. 8–11, ISSN 1063-4533
- ^ Isler, Scott (February, 1994), Frank Zappa, Musician Magazine
- ^ Ashby, Arved (1999), "Frank Zappa and the Anti-Fetishist Orchestra", The Musical Quarterly (Oxford University Press) 83 (4): 557–606, DOI:10.1093/mq/83.4.557
- ^ Grier, James (2001), "The Mothers of Invention and "Uncle Meat": Alienation, Anachronism and a Double Variation", Acta Musicologica (International Musicological Society) 73 (1): 77–95, DOI:10.2307/932810, JSTOR 932810
- ^ Cotter, Jim (2002), "Frank Zappa (1940–1993)", in Sitsky, Larry, Music of the Twentieth-century Avant-garde. A Biocritical Sourcebook, Westfort, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, p. 597, ISBN 0-313-29689-8
- ^ He is ranked 45th in "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time", Rolling Stone, August 27, 2003
- ^ He is ranked 51st in The 100 Wildest Guitar Heroes, Classic Rock Magazine, April 2007
- ^ He is ranked 39th in Gibson.com Top 50 Guitarists of All Time, May 25, 2010, http://www.gibson.com/en-us/Lifestyle/Features/Top-50-Guitarists-525/ . Retrieved on June 27, 2010.
- ^ 1994 Down Beat Critics Poll, Down Beat Magazine, http://www.downbeat.com/default.asp?sect=stories&subsect=story_detail&sid=720 . Retrieved on August 12, 2008.
- ^ Frank Zappa, The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc., http://rockhall.com/inductees/frank-zappa . Retrieved on August 14, 2008.
- ^ Lifetime achievement award, GRAMMY.org, http://www.grammy.org/recording-academy/awards/lifetime-awards . Retrieved on February 14, 2012.
- ^ The National Recording Registry 2005, National Recording Preservation Board, The Library of Congress, May 24, 2005, http://www.loc.gov/rr/record/nrpb/registry/nrpb-2005reg.html . Retrieved on August 18, 2008.
- ^ a b "The Immortals", Rolling Stone Magazine, Issue 972
- ^ "45 Frank Zappa". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-guitarists-of-all-time-19691231/frank-zappa-19691231. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
- ^ Quigley, Mike (September 1969), Interview with Alice Cooper, Poppin, Issue #5
- ^ Elfman, Doug (October 15, 2003), "Primus plays Hard Rock", Las Vegas Review-Journal, http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/2003/Oct-15-Wed-2003/news/22374264.html . Retrieved on March 14, 2009.
- ^ Randall, David (2004), Get Ready to ROCK! Interview with singer and frontman of American rock band The Tubes, Fee Waybill, getreadytorock.com, http://www.getreadytorock.com/10questions/fee_waybill.htm . Retrieved on August 13, 2008.
- ^ Boisen, Myles, allmusic ((( Henry Cow > Biography ))), allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p4475 . Retrieved on August 13, 2008.
- ^ Cleveland, Barry (September 2006), Exclusive Outtakes from GP's Interview with John Frusciante!, Guitar Player, http://www.eqmag.com/article/exclusive-outtakes-from/sep-06/23282 . Retrieved on August 12, 2008.
- ^ MacDonald, 1994, Revolution in the Head, p. 171.
- ^ Black Sabbath Online: Tony Iommi & Geezer Butler Interview, black-sabbath.com, May 1994, http://www.black-sabbath.com/interviews/tonygeez_0594.html . Retrieved on August 12, 2008.
- ^ about mike, mikeportnoy.com, http://www.mikeportnoy.com/aboutmike/bio.aspx . Retrieved on April 22, 2009.
- ^ Menn, Don, ed. (1992), "Warren De Martini—Ratt Guitarist Turns Zappa Stylist", Zappa! Guitar Player Presents, San Francisco, CA: Miller Freeman, p. 14, ISSN 1063-4533
- ^ Vai.com > All About Steve > Vaiography, Vai.com, http://www.vai.com/vaiography/ . Retrieved on August 12, 2008.
- ^ SOS, Mike (August 2005). "Interview: Strapping Young Lad: An extreme metal all-star squad". In Music We Trust. http://www.inmusicwetrust.com/articles/71h16.html. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ Sinclair, Tom (May 16, 2005), "Mezmerize (2005): System of a Down", Entertainment Weekly, http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1060789,00.html . Retrieved on June 28, 2010.
- ^ The official Pages, clawfinger.net, http://www.clawfinger.net/main.php?band . Retrieved on August 12, 2008.
- ^ SOS, Mike, INTERVIEW: Strapping Young Lad, inmusicwetrust.com, http://www.inmusicwetrust.com/articles/71h16.html . Retrieved on December 18, 2010.
- ^ Tomas Ulrich at All about Jazz, All About Jazz, http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/musician.php?id=15347 Retrieved on November 13, 2008.
- ^ Meridian Arts Ensemble – About Us, meridianartsensemble.com, http://www.meridianartsensemble.com/about.htm . Retrieved on August 12, 2008.
- ^ Academic Zappa: Seriously Taken Musical Study of Frank Zappa's Music — At Last, ensembleambrosius.com, http://www.ensembleambrosius.com/node/2 . Retrieved December 17, 2010.
- ^ About fireworks, fireworksensemble.org, http://fireworksensemble.org/about/ . Retrieved on August 25, 2008.
- ^ Bill Frisell Biography, Songline/Tonefield Productions, http://www.songtone.com/artists/Frisell/default.html . Retrieved on August 12, 2008.
- ^ Cook, Richard; Morton, Brian (2004), The Penguin Guide To Jazz On CD, Seventh Edition, London: Penguin Books, p. 1721, ISBN 0-14-101416-4
- ^ Bush, John, allmusic ((( George Clinton > Biography ))), allmusic.com, http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p65136 . Retrieved on August 13, 2008.
- ^ George Winston Biography, georgewinston.com, http://www.georgewinston.com/us/biography . Retrieved on June 27, 2010.
- ^ gluckbio.html, electricsongs.com, http://www.electricsongs.com/gluckbio.html . Retrieved on September 1, 2008.
- ^ "Weird Al" Yankovic: Frequently Asked Questions, weirdal.com, http://www.weirdal.com/faq.htm . Retrieved on August 12, 2008.
- ^ Reynolds, Simon (2005). Rip It Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978–1984, p. 255.
- ^ Martin, 2002, Avant Rock, p. 160.
- ^ Plas, Jr., Leo P. (March, 1972), "Upper Wolfcampian (?) Mollusca from the Arrow Canyon Range, Clark County, Nevada", Journal of Paleontology (SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology) 46: 249–260.
- ^ Murdy, E. O. (1989), A Taxonomic Revision and Cladistic Analysis of the Oxudercine Gobies (Gobiidae: Oxudercinae), Records of the Australian Museum, ISBN 0-7305-6374-X
- ^ Boero, Ferdinando (April, 1987), "Life cycles of Phialella zappai n. sp., Phialella fragilis and Phialella sp. (Cnidaria, Leptomedusae, Phialellidae) from central California", Journal of Natural History (Taylor & Francis Groups) 21 (2): 465–480, DOI:10.1080/00222938700771131
- ^ Bosmans, Robert; Bosselaers, Jan (October 1995), "Spiders of the genera Pachygnatha, Dyschiriognatha and Glenognatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae), with a revision of the Afrotropical species", Zoologica Scripta (The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters) 23 (4): 325–352, DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1994.tb00392.x
- ^ Wassif, Christopher; Cheek, Diana; Belas, Robert (October 1995), "Molecular Analysis of a Metalloprotease from Proteus mirabilis", Journal of Bacteriology (American Society for Microbiology) 177 (20): 5790–8, PMC 177400, PMID 7592325
- ^ Salak, Marc; Lescinsky, Halard L. (July, 1999), "Spygoria zappania New Genus and Species, a Cloudina-like Biohermal Metazoan from the Lower Cambrian of Central Nevada", Journal of Paleontology (Paleontological Society) 73: 571–576.
- ^ Seachrist, Lisa (August 12, 1994), "Random Samples", Science. New Series (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 265: 870–871.
- ^ (3834) Zappafrank, IAU: Minor Planet Center (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/special/rocknroll/0003834.html . Retrieved on August 15, 2008.
- ^ The Baltimore Sun (September 16, 2010), Zappa comes home, The Baltimore Sun, http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2010-09-16/entertainment/bs-ae-zappa-cover-0917-20100916_1_gail-zappa-southeast-anchor-library-lithuania . Dweezil and Zappa Plays Zappa played a free three-hour show to a crowd estimated at more than 3,000. Retrieved on September 19, 2010.
- ^ The Baltimore Sun (September 16, 2010), Zappa-looza: A full guide to the weekend's events, The Baltimore Sun, http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2010-09-16/news/bs-ae-zappa-rail-0917-2-20100916_1_southeast-anchor-library-zappa-plays-zappa-zappa-related . Retrieved on September 19, 2010.
- ^ Zappanale – Startseite, zappanale.de, http://zappanale.de/ . Retrieved on August 14, 2008.
- ^ The Associated Press (July 30, 2007), "Berlin Names Street After Frank Zappa", The Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/30/AR2007073000690.html . Retrieved on August 15, 2008.
- ^ Zappa.com > What's New in Baltimore?, zappa.com, http://www.zappa.com/whatsnew/news/baltimore.html . Retrieved on August 15, 2008.
External links[link]
Media related to Frank Zappa at Wikimedia Commons 
Quotations related to Frank Zappa at Wikiquote
- The official Frank Zappa website
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Frank Zappa at the Internet Movie Database
- Works by or about Frank Zappa in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- Frank Zappa collected news and commentary at The Guardian
- Frank Zappa collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Frank Zappa at the Notable Names Database
- Frank Zappa interviewed on the Pop Chronicles (1969).
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Zappa, Frank |
| Alternative names | Zappa, Frank Vincent |
| Short description | Composer, musician, bandleader, conductor, record producer |
| Date of birth | 1940-12-21 |
| Place of birth | Baltimore, Maryland, United States |
| Date of death | 1993-12-04 |
| Place of death | Los Angeles, California, United States |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
